The present invention relates to an explosive mixture of a water-in-oil dispersion (matrix emulsion) and granules of fertiliser-grade ammonium nitrate (prills) sensitised in mechanical form with plastic, ceramic or glass microspheres (microballs), or mixtures thereof, and/or by way of a chemical, bubble-forming reaction (gasification) that allows an explosive composition with higher energy, higher volume of gases, resistant to water and sensitive to detonator no. 8, with a relative density as cartridge of between 0.95 and 1.25 g/cm3 and a detonation rate in a non-confined medium as a cartridge in the range 3500 to 5900 m/s and stable for a minimum period of 6 months to be obtained, whereby the explosive mixture of the present invention is used in plastic or paper cartridges (chubs) as a primer for nitrocarbonitrates and/or a column load in the blasting of ground (rocks) with a soft to very hard hardness in underground and/or open-cast mining.
The present invention relates to explosive compositions that can be pumped, characterised in that they comprise a) a matrix emulsion which, in turn, comprises i) technical- or fertiliser-grade ammonium nitrate in a proportion of between 60% and 70%; ii) between 1% and 20% sodium nitrate; iii) between 1% and 8% urea; iv) between 0.1% and 2% thiourea; v) between 5% and 20% water; vi) between 0.1% and 2% acetic or sulfamic acid; vii) between 0.5% and 3% surfactants of an ionic or polymeric nature; and viii) a hydrocarbon, which may be petroleum or a paraffinic or naphthenic mineral oil, the second component of the composition being prills of technical- or fertiliser-grade ammonium nitrate in a proportion of between 5% and 50%.
C06B 31/02 - Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal nitrate
C06B 31/28 - Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
C06B 33/04 - Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide the material being an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
C06B 27/00 - Compositions containing a metal, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium or mixtures, intercompounds or hydrides thereof, and hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
The disclosure is directed to pumpable explosive compositions that include a matrix emulsion, which has i) technical or fertilizer grade ammonium nitrate in a ratio between 60% and 70%; (ii) sodium nitrate from 1% to 20%; iii) urea from 0.1% to 8%; iv) thiourea from 0.1% to 2%, v) water from 5% to 20%, vi) acetic acid or sulfamic acid from 0.1% to 2%; vii) surfactants of non-ionic or polymeric nature from 0.5 to 3%; and viii) a hydrocarbon such as petroleum or a paraffinic or naphthenic based mineral oil, and where a second component of composition are technical and/or fertilizer grade ammonium nitrate prills in a ratio from 5% to 50%.
C06B 31/28 - Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
C06B 31/00 - Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
D03D 23/00 - General weaving methods not special to the production of any particular woven fabric or the use of any particular loomWeaves not provided for in any other single group
An explosive mixture of a water-in-oil dispersion (matrix emulsion) and ammonium nitrate granules (prills) of fertilizer grade, mechanically sensitized by microspheres (microballs), of plastic ceramic, glass or mixtures thereof and/or by means of a chemical reaction of bubble generation (gasification), which obtains an explosive composition of greater energy, greater volume of gases, water resistant and sensitive to No. 8 detonator, with a relative density as a cartridge between 0.95 g/cm3 and 1.25 g/cm3, with a detonation rate in an unconfined medium as cartridge in the range from 3500 m/s to 5900 m/s and it is stable for a minimum period of 6 months and where the explosive mixture is used in plastic or paper cartridges (chubs) as a nitrocarbonitrate primer and/or column loading in land blasting (rocks) from soft hardness to very hard in underground mining and/or open pits.
C06B 31/00 - Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
C06B 31/28 - Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
C06B 31/30 - Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with vegetable matterCompositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with resinCompositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with rubber
C06B 31/02 - Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal nitrate
D03D 23/00 - General weaving methods not special to the production of any particular woven fabric or the use of any particular loomWeaves not provided for in any other single group
C06B 45/02 - Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component or product comprising particles of diverse size or shape
C06B 43/00 - Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups
C06B 21/00 - Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
C06B 47/14 - Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosivesSuspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase comprising a solid component and an aqueous phase
The invention relates to methods for producing explosive compositions formed by ammonium nitrate and fuel, also known as ANFO (Ammonium nitrate/Fuel Oil), and to the explosive compositions formed by bulk emulsion and ANFO, also known as heavy ANFO. The invention especially comprises two types of method for using high-density ammonium nitrate in the production of said explosive compositions.
The invention relates to a method for producing ANFO on the basis of filtration and purification of the residual oils of a mine in a filter truck especially designed and developed for this purpose, with the aim of completely replacing the diesel fuel 2 with said residual oils that have been previously treated in order to mix same with ammonium nitrate. The invention also relates to the product resulting from said method. The aim of the invention is to use the residual oil produced in mines in large quantities, as the only combustible agent in the production of ANFO, generating cost savings by entirely substituting the diesel 2 and additionally eliminating the existing risk inherent in the removal of the residual oil from the mine and the negative impact that it can generate in the environment if it is not used appropriately.
A method of preparing heavy ANFO including loading high density ammonium nitrate into a hopper; feeding the high density ammonium nitrate into a mixing chamber; during the feeding step, injecting fuel into a high density ammonium nitrate feeding pipe, thereby obtaining ANFO; loading bulk emulsion into a hopper; gassing the bulk emulsion; feeding the gassed bulk emulsion into a same mixing chamber as the ANFO; and mixing the gassed bulk emulsion and the ANFO, thereby obtaining heavy ANFO.
C06B 31/00 - Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
C06B 31/28 - Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
D03D 23/00 - General weaving methods not special to the production of any particular woven fabric or the use of any particular loomWeaves not provided for in any other single group
A method of thermally treating high density ammonium nitrate for manufacturing ANFO and heavy ANFO including loading high density ammonium nitrate into a tank; entering the high density ammonium nitrate into heating equipment at room temperature; heating the high density ammonium nitrate inside the heating equipment; removing the treated ammonium nitrate from the heating equipment at a temperature less than 60° C.; and sieving the treated ammonium nitrate, thereby obtaining thermally treated ammonium nitrate; feeding thermally treated ammonium nitrate at a temperature of less than 30° C. into a mixing chamber while injecting fuel into the thermally treated ammonium nitrate feeding pipe, thereby obtaining ANFO; loading gassed or ungassed bulk emulsion into a hopper; feeding the bulk emulsion into the same mixing chamber as the ANFO; and mixing the bulk emulsion and the ANFO, thereby obtaining heavy ANFO.
C06B 45/00 - Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component or product
C06B 31/00 - Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
C06B 31/28 - Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
D03D 23/00 - General weaving methods not special to the production of any particular woven fabric or the use of any particular loomWeaves not provided for in any other single group
