A waveguide for controlled light distribution is described. The waveguide may include a body that longitudinally extends from a proximate end to a distal end. And the body may include a plurality of scattering flanges axially extending toward the proximate end on a first longitudinal side and a plurality of notches interposed between each of the plurality of scattering flanges.
G02B 6/10 - Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
B60Q 1/34 - Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating change of drive direction
F21V 8/00 - Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems
2.
HYBRID INDUCTION WELDING PROCESS APPLIED TO PISTON MANUFACTURING
A hybrid induction welded piston including an upper piston part welded to a lower piston part is provided. The piston is produced by induction heating the upper piston part and the lower piston part, and bringing the parts together to a part growth compensated position. The method then includes rotating the upper piston part 17 to 34 degrees clockwise and then 17 to 34 degrees counterclockwise. In addition to controlling the axial position and degree of rotation, the force applied to the piston parts is controlled so that preferably no flash is formed in a narrow cooling chamber of the piston. During the rotating steps, the pressure gradually increases to a maximum level which occurs while the upper piston part is rotating in the second direction. The piston includes a homogeneous metallurgical bond across the weld and no indentation on the outer surface at the weld prior to machining.
B23K 13/01 - Welding by high-frequency current heating by induction heating
B23K 20/12 - Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
A multilayer gasket for establishing a gas and/or fluid-tight seal between a cylinder head and engine block of an internal combustion engine is provided. The gasket includes a pair of functional layers each presenting a full bead and a half bead. A single-piece stopper with a fold over adjacent the combustion chamber opening is disposed between the function layers. The stopper extends between a fifth edge and a sixth edge, wherein the sixth edge is disposed radially between the full beads and the half beads. The stopper can be cranked or coined in a location disposed between the fold over and the full beads, The stopper can also include a secondary fold over adjacent the sixth edge. A distance layer is optionally disposed between the stopper and one of the functional layers. The distance layer can also he cranked or coined between the fold over and the full beads.
A piston for a high temperature internal combustion engine is provided. The piston includes an upper wall, base wall, outer rib, and inner rib defining a cooling chamber therebetween, and a plurality of ring grooves formed in the outer rib. Only the second ring groove is formed with the keystone cross-section, and all of the other ring grooves are formed with the conventional rectangular cross-section. Thus, the piston can be formed with low manufacturing costs and can also provide exceptional performance when used in high temperature combustion engines, wherein the temperature at the first ring groove is greater than 280s C, and thus prevents carbon from depositing or bums off any carbon deposits, but the temperature at the second ring groove is between 200° C and 280° C, in which case carbon deposits can form and cause the piston ring to stick.
A steel piston for an internal combustion including a cooling gallery containing a solid coolant, such as an aluminum-based material, is provided. The solid coolant has a thermal conductivity which is greater than the thermal conductivity of the steel material and fills at least 15 volume percent (vol. %) of the cooling gallery. The solid coolant provides for exceptional cooling along a crown of the piston, reduces corrosion and erosion along the crown, and avoids the problem of oil coking.
A piston capable of withstanding high temperatures and extreme conditions of a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and manufactured with reduced costs is provided. The method of manufacturing the piston includes casting or forging the bulk of the piston as a single-piece with an open cooling gallery from an economical first material, such as steel, cast iron, or aluminum. The method further includes forming a portion of a combustion bowl surface, which is a small area of the piston directly exposed to the combustion chamber, from a second material by additive machining. The second material has a higher thermal conductivity and higher resistance to oxidation, erosion, and oil coking, compared to the first material. The additive machining process is efficient and creates little waste, which further reduces production costs.
A cylinder head gasket including at least three functional layers and at least two stoppers is provided. The first functional layer (24) includes a first full bead (26) extending around a combustion chamber opening and axially aligned with a second fun bead (30) of the second functional layer 28). The first stopper (32) extends along the first functional layer between the combustion chamber opening and the first full bead for preventing over-compression of the first full bead. The second stopper (34) is located beneath the second full bead of the second functional layer for increasing load on the second full bead, reducing head lift, and promoting an even distribution of the load. The second stopper is not attached to the second functional layer along and adjacent the second fun bead, and thus an air gap is present between the second stopper and the second full bead when the gasket is not compressed.
A cylinder head gasket (20, 20') including a first functional layer (22, 22'), a second functional layer (28, 28'), a first stopper (40, 40'), and a second stopper (42, 42') is provided. The first functional layer includes a first full bead (36, 36') extending around a combustion chamber opening and axially aligned with a second full bead (38, 38') of the second functional layer. The first stopper extends along the first functional layer between the combustion chamber opening and the first full bead for preventing over-compression of the first full bead. The second stopper extends along the second full bead of the second functional layer for increasing load on the second full bead, reducing head lift, and promoting an even distribution of the load. The second stopper includes a third full bead (44, 44') matching the second full bead of said second functional layer.
A piston Including an abradable coating applied to a round surface of fee piston is provided. The shape of the round surface is not greater than 0.1 mm from a circular shape, and thus is relatively inexpensive to machine. As the piston reciprocates in an internal combustion engine, the abradable coating rubs against another component, such as a cylinder liner or wrist pin, to achieve suitable contact geometry, such as an oval, asymmetric, or other non-round shape. Thus, a costly machining process is not required to achieve the desired contact geometry. The abradable coating can also be applied to ring lands, skirt sections, or along pin bores of the piston. The abradable coating can also be applied to a wrist pin or an opening of a connecting rod which receives the wrist pin. The abradable coating can be formed from a polymer-based material or an aluminum-silicon alloy-based material.
A gasket for providing a gas and fluid tight between parts of an internal combustion engine, for example around a combustion chamber opening, is provided, The gasket includes a functional layer with a full embossment spaced from the combustion chamber opening. A stopper layer is attached to the functional layer adjacent the combustion chamber opening. After attaching the stopper layer to the functional layer, half embossments are simultaneously formed in the functional layer and the stopper layer adjacent the combustion chamber opening. The aligned half embossments are together referred to as a half-stop. The half-stop maintains the load on the stopper layer, limits compression on the Ml embossment, and protects the full embossment from combustion gases when the gasket is compressed between two parts of the internal combustion engine.
A metal gasket (20) for establishing a seal between a first member and a second member is provided. The metal gasket (20) includes at least one functional layer (26) with an inner periphery (28) which surrounds an opening. The functional layer (26) also has a generally flat portion (34) and an embossment bead (32) with the embossment bead (32) being spaced from the inner periphery (28) and surrounding the opening. The embossment bead (32) extends in a first direction away from the generally flat portion (34), has an indentation (40) which extends in a second direction opposite of the first direction and has a bead height (ΗB) greater than 0.15 mm and no greater than 0.30 mm.
An optical coupler for a vehicle lighting system includes a housing having first and second openings, each opening having an optical axis passing through the opening into the housing, with the optical axes of the openings forming an obtuse angle. The optical coupler has one or more optics carried by the housing and arranged between the openings such that light entering the first opening along its optical axis passes through the one or more optics and exits through the second opening along the other optical axis. The optic(s) may include a first Fresnellian surface adjacent the first opening and a second Fresnellian surface adjacent the second opening such that light passing through the optical coupler from the first opening to the second opening passes through both Fresnellian surfaces and is redirected from the optical axis of the first opening to the optical axis of the second opening.
A piston assembly having a piston member and a connecting rod. The piston member has a crown portion and a lower portion bonded together with a cooling gallery formed between them. The connecting rod has a ball end which is positioned in a socket in the piston member. In one embodiment, the ball end can have two flat surfaces and be held in position by C-clips. In another embodiment, the ball end is cylindrically shaped and the socket has a corresponding shape.
A multi-layer cylinder head gasket (20) providing improved sealing performance, stability, and a more rigid joint between two components is provided. The gasket includes a plurality of functional layers (22, 24) each including a full bead (42, 44) located between an inner edge (46, 48) and outer edge (58, 60) and surrounding a combustion chamber opening (56). A stopper (68) is disposed between the functional layers and is located radially between the combustion chamber opening and the full bead. A coating material (70) is applied to at least one surface (26, 28, 34, 36) of at least one functional layer and extends along a majority of the length (L) of the functional layer. To achieve the improved performance, a region (72) along the surface located between the inner edge and the full bead remains uncoated, or includes a reduced amount of the coating material. Alternatively, the stopper can be located between the combustion chamber opening and the inner edges of the functional layers to provide the uncoated region (72).
A metal gasket for establishing a gas and fluid-tight seal between two members and which is resistant to temperatures of greater than 430°C and even up to 540°C is provided. The metal gasket is made of a 200 series stainless steel which includes, by weight percentage: up to 1.0% Silicon, 3.5-5.5% Manganese, up to 0.060% Phosphorus, up to 0.030% Sulfur, 17.5-19.5% Chromium, 0.50-2.00% Molybdenum, 4.0-6.0% Nickel, 0.10- 1.00% Niobium, 0.08-0.30% Nitrogen and the remainder of Iron. This particular alloy has been found to provide the gasket with very high mechanical strength, even at temperatures of up to 540°C. Additionally, due to the low nickel content of the 200 series stainless steel, the metal gasket may be made more cost-effectively than other known metal gaskets.
A three section steel piston for two-stroke engines is provided. The piston is provided with an upper section, a middle section and a lower section. Piston ring grooves are formed into the upper and lower sections, and pin bosses with openings and skirts are formed into the middle section. The middle section has relatively thinner walls as compared to the portions of the upper and lower sections at the piston ring grooves to reduce the mass of the piston. A closed cooling gallery may be formed adjacent an upper combustion surface of the piston with the cooling gallery being defined at least partially by the upper section.
100461 An improved piston ring (20) for use as an intermediate piston ring in a piston assembly having three or more piston rings is provided. The piston ring includes a piston ring body which extends through an arcuate shape between opposite end faces (22). The piston ring body has at least one combustion gas guidance feature (22, 32) for allowing a greater flow of combustion gasses to pass the piston ring body when the piston is moving in one direction and for allowing a lesser flow of combustion gasses to pass the piston ring body when the piston is moving in an opposite direction. This allows for the ring gap at the outer diameter of the piston ring (20) to be minimized without creating flutter in another piston ring above the intermediate piston ring during operation of an engine.
A cylinder liner for an engine block assembly of an internal combustion engine is provided. The cylinder liner includes a liner member formed of cast iron and presenting an outer surface. A first portion of the outer surface of the liner member is machined to a reduced outside diameter. An aluminum-based material is then thermally sprayed onto the machined first portion, while a second portion of the outer surface remains uncoated. The coated cylinder liner is then placed in a mold, and another aluminum-based material is cast around the coated cylinder liner to form the engine block assembly. During the casting process, the two aluminum-based materials form a strong intermetallic bond between the liner member and the engine block.
A multi-layer cylinder head gasket is provided. The cylinder head gasket includes a plurality of layers of material, each of the layers has a plurality of openings including at least one cylinder bore opening and at leas! one pushrod opening, Each of the layers has an edge which surrounds the at least one pushrod opening, and the pushrod openings of the layers are aligned axially with one another. An eyelet extends axially in each of the pushrod openings and covers the edges of the layers for protecting a pushrod extending through the respective pushrod opening. The eyelet is made of a material that is softer than the material of the plurality of layers.
F02F 11/00 - Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines
F16J 15/12 - Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering
A metal static gasket (10) and method of construction thereof is provided. The gasket includes at least one metal layer (12, 14). At least one of the metal layers has opposite sides (18, 20) with at least one through opening (22, 24) extending through the opposite sides, with the through opening being configured to register with an opening to be sealed. At least one metal layer of the gasket has least one raised annular seal bead (28) extending adjacent the through opening. A plurality of protrusions (32) extend outwardly from at least one of the opposite sides, wherein the plurality of protrusions are formed from separate pieces of metal from the at least one metal layer and are individually fixed to the at least one metal layer via separate bond joints (34).
A windscreen wiper device is provided. The wiper device includes an elongate wiping element made of an elastic material and a support member which operably supports the wiping element. The wiper device further includes an adapter made of one piece for securely and releasably engaging an oscillating wiper arm. The adapter includes a pair of laterally spaced sidewalls that extend longitudinally from a front end to a back end. The adapter further includes a cantilever beam which is positioned between the side walls and extends longitudinally towards the back end. The cantilever beam is pivotal in a vertical direction at a hinge and has a stepped configuration which presents three longitudinally and vertically spaced protrusions which project vertically downwardly for engaging in correspondingly shaped holes in at least three of 9X3, 9X4X23, 9X4X28 and 9X4X33 sized hook-style wiper arms.
PROTECTOR, COMPOSITE CYLINDRICAL BODY, CONTROL CABLE, VEHICLE HOSE, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING PROTECTOR, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING COMPOSITE CYLINDRICAL BODY
A protector (1) for protecting an object (4) to be protected, the protector (1) being obtained by braiding a resin fiber in a cylindrical shape. The protector (1) includes protective resin fibers (2) mainly constituting the protector (1), and welding resin fibers (3) which are composed of a fiber type different from that of the protective resin fibers (2) and which can be welded to the object (4) to be protected. It is thereby possible to obtain a protector which does not require separate application of an adhesive and which allows good processability, a composite cylindrical body, a control cable, a vehicle hose, a method of manufacturing the protector and a method of manufacturing the composite cylindrical body.
F16L 57/00 - Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear
B29C 63/34 - Lining or sheathing of internal surfaces using tubular layer or sheathings
B29C 65/02 - Joining of preformed parts; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
F16C 1/26 - Construction of guiding-sheathings or guiding-tubes
B29K 105/08 - Condition, form or state of moulded material containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
A windscreen wiper device is provided. The wiper device includes a longitudinally extending wiper blade (22) of a flexible material for sealing against a windshield of a vehicle. An elastic, elongated carrier (24) that is self-biased into a pre-curved shape and which extends longitudinally between opposite ends operably supports and biases the wiper blade into a pre-curved configuration. A connecting device (26) is secured to the carrier for attachment to an oscillating wiper arm. A pair of subspoilers (30), which are constructed as separate pieces from one another and from the wiper blade, are arranged on longitudinally opposite sides of the connecting device. Each of the subspoilers is joined with the carrier along less than a full longitudinal length of the respective subspoiler with an adhesive (36).
A monobloc piston body for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston body includes a first piece which includes a pair of skirt portions and a pair of pin bosses and a second piece which includes a crown portion with an upper combustion surface and an at least partially enclosed oil gallery. The first and second pieces are joined together at a joint that is located on a side of the oil gallery opposite of the upper combustion surface. The firs piece is made through casting or forging, and the second piece is made through an additive manufacturing process, such as direct metal laser sintering.
B22F 3/105 - Sintering only by using electric current, laser radiation or plasma
B22F 5/00 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
B22F 3/00 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
B22D 15/02 - Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor of cylinders, pistons, bearing shells or like thin-walled objects
B22D 19/00 - Casting in, on, or around, objects which form part of the product
B22D 19/16 - Casting in, on, or around, objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
25.
CYLINDER LINERS WITH ADHESIVE METALLIC LAYERS AND METHODS OF FORMING THE CYLINDER LINERS
A coated cylinder liner 20 comprises a wear resistant layer 22, such as a DLC coating, and a metallic adhesive layer 24, such as chromium or titanium, deposited on an inner surface 26 thereof. The layers 22, 24 each have a thickness tw, ta varying by not more than 5% along at least 70% of the length of the inner surface 26. The metallic adhesive layer 24 is deposited by sputtering a consumable metallic electrode 28 onto the inner surface 26. The sputtering can be magnetron sputtering. The consumable metallic electrode 28 can include a hollow opening 40 with orifices 50 for providing a carrier gas into the deposition chamber 52. In addition, the inner surface 26 of the cylinder liner 20 can provide the deposition chamber 52 by sealing a first opening 36 and second opening 38 of the cylinder liner 20.
C23C 14/02 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated
C23C 14/04 - Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
C23C 14/06 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
C23C 14/35 - Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
C23C 28/04 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
H01J 37/00 - Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
26.
DYKES-TYPE PISTON RINGS AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
The invention provides a dykes-type piston ring (20) having a finished outer diameter and negligible tangential tension. The method includes the steps of machining a stock bar to an initial outer diameter slightly greater than the finished outer diameter of the piston ring (20), finishing the initial outer diameter of the stock bar to a rounded profile having a nominal diameter equal to the finished outer diameter, and machining the stock bar to the preferred cross-section. Dykes-type piston rings can have keystone or semi-keystone shaped cross- sections. The method continues by detaching the piston ring (20) from the stock bar using a parting tool in response to completing all tension inducing operations including the steps recited above. The method continues with the steps of lapping the piston ring to a final longitudinal thickness (48) and cutting the piston ring longitudinally to form a final gap (50).
B23P 15/06 - Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass piston rings from one piece
A method of manufacturing a coated piston ring includes applying a layer of an aluminum-based material to an outside surface of a ring body formed of an iron-based material, such as steel. The layer of an aluminum-based material is applied by thermal spraying. The method further includes an environmentally friendly heat treatment process causing the aluminum-based material to combine with the iron-based material of the ring body and form a wear resistant coating of aluminum iron (Al5Fe2). The heat treatment process can include heating to a temperature of about 550° C for 20 minutes so that the wear resistant coating achieves a hardness of HV 1000.
C23C 4/08 - Metallic material containing only metal elements
C23C 4/12 - Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
A gasket assembly (20) is provided including at least one gasket layer (26) having an inboard edge (30) circumscribing at least one aperture (32) and an outboard region (34) radially spaced from the aperture. The gasket layer presents a primary sealing bead (56, 58) between the inboard edge and the outboard region and a secondary sealing bead (62) between the primary sealing bead and the inboard edge. The secondary sealing bead extends circumferentially about the aperture and radially along a second radial length (64). The primary sealing bead extends circumferentially about the secondary sealing bead and radially along a first radial length (60). A stopper layer (66) is disposed adjacent at least a portion of the gasket layer and extends radially from the outboard region to the inboard edge to entirely overlap the first radial length of the primary sealing bead and the second radial length of the secondary sealing bead for providing increased gasket resiliency adjacent the inboard edge.
A multi-layer gasket (20) for establishing a seal between a first member (such as a cylinder head) and a second member (such as an engine block) is provided. The multi-layer gasket (20) includes a pair of outer functional layers (26a, 26b) and at least one inner functional layer (28). Each layer (26a, 26b, 28) has a full combustion bead (42a, 42b, 44) that encircles an opening (37), and the full combustion beads (42a, 42b, 44) of all of the layers (26a, 26b, 28) are aligned radially with one another. Each layer (26a, 26b, 28) also has an outer periphery (38a, 38b, 40), and the outer periphery (40) of the inner layer (28) is disposed radially between the aligned full combustion beads (42a, 42b) and the outer peripheries (38a, 38b) of the outer layers (26a, 26b). The outer layers (26a, 26b) also include half beads (46a, 46b) adjacent their outer peripheries (38a, 38b).
A cylinder head gasket (20) with a single layer carrier member (22), a sealing ring (24) for sealing around the cylinder opening (30), and at least one protection layer (26). The sealing ring has a plurality of functional layers (50). A protection layer is positioned on at least one side of the sealing ring, and preferably on both sides. The sealing ring and protection layers are fixedly secured to the carrier member by welding.
F16J 15/08 - Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
F16J 15/12 - Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering
A piston and method of construction are provided. The piston has a piston body with an insert forming at least a portion of an upper combustion surface. The piston body is constructed from a first material having a first thermal conductivity and the insert is constructed from a second material having a second thermal conductivity. The first thermal conductivity is less than the second thermal conductivity. The piston body has an upper crown and a pair of pin bosses depending from the upper crown with the pin bosses presenting pin bores aligned with one another along a pin bore axis. The upper crown includes a recess in which the insert is fixed.
A powder metal composition for high wear and temperature applications is made by atomizing a melted iron based alloy including 3.0 to 7.0 wt. % carbon; 10.0 to 25.0 wt. % chromium; 1.0 to 5.0 wt. % tungsten; 3.5 to 7.0 wt. % vanadium; 1.0 to 5.0 wt. % molybdenum; not greater than 0.5 wt. % oxygen; and at least 40.0 wt. % iron. The high carbon content reduces the solubility of oxygen in the melt and thus lowers the oxygen content to a level below which would cause the carbide-forming elements to oxidize during atomization. The powder metal composition includes metal carbides in an amount of at least 15 vol. %. The microhardness of the powder metal composition increases with increasing amounts of carbon and is typically about 800 to 1,500 Hv50.
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
C22C 33/02 - Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
A self-locating light source module for an automotive lamp assembly having a reflector and housing to which the module is mounted. The light source module includes a socket and a light source holder captively retained in an aperture of the socket. The light source holder can undergo limited movement relative to the socket along a plurality of axes, including a central axis of the socket. The light source holder and central passage in the reflector having complementary tapered surfaces with the holder being biased into engagement with the passage such that the tapered surfaces and permitted relative movement of the holder allow the light source to self-locate at the desired position within the reflector.
A vehicle headlamp system includes a headlamp assembly having a light source and a beam pattern panel. The beam pattern panel includes one or more regions capable of changing between opaque and transparent light-transmission states to selectively allow light from the light source to pass through the panel. The panel may be an LCD panel with a plurality of liquid crystal elements arranged in an array with the ability to provide a plurality of different beam patterns. The beam pattern may be determined and changed in real time based on information received at a system processor about one or more vehicle and/or road conditions. The headlamp system can direct a projected light beam into a curve in the road ahead and/or automatically change the direction of the projected beam to avoid shining light directly at oncoming drivers.
F21V 13/00 - Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups
A vehicle lamp socket assembly includes a housing, a body, a sealant, and a terminal blade. The housing has a cavity and has a connector with a socket. The housing also has a pass-through spanning between the cavity and the socket. In assembly, the body is received in the housing and has a retainer that holds a vehicle lamp. The sealant is located at the pass-through and fills a section or more of the pass-through. And the terminal blade extends through the pass-through and through the sealant.
A lighting system and method for a vehicle interior wherein the light system includes an electronic control unit (ECU) and a lighting layer having a plurality of light elements and a proximity sensing system. The lighting layer is coupled to the ECU and each of at least some of the light elements may be independently turned ON or OFF in response to a first proximity pattern provided by human interaction and received by the proximity sensing system. The lighting arrangement permits an occupant of the vehicle to selectively define the area and/or shape of local illumination and to control one or more characteristics of the illumination such as color or brightness.
B60Q 3/00 - Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
B60Q 3/02 - Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interior, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor for lighting passenger or driving compartment
A brake lamp module for a vehicle, wherein the module includes a housing, lamp device, sensor, and electronic control unit (ECU). The lamp device, sensor and ECU are carried by the housing, The ECU is configured based at least in part on data received from the sensor to provide a power signal that causes illumination of the lamp device. In at least some embodiments, this arrangement permits actuation of the brake lamp or other lamp device in response to detection of a hazard event, such as rapid deceleration of the vehicle. And, in at least some embodiments, this may be done independently of actuation of the brake pedal by the driver.
B60Q 1/44 - Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating braking action
38.
SCAVENGER PUMP SEAL AND RADIAL SHAFT SEAL ASSEMBLY THEREWITH
A scavenger pump seal (13) and radial shaft seal (11) assembly therewith are provided. The scavenger pump seal includes an inner case (26) configured for fixed attachment to a shaft (12) for conjoint rotation with the shaft and an outer case (30) configured for fixed receipt in a housing in which the shaft rotates. The inner case has an innermost wall (32) sized for a press fit on the shaft and an outermost wall (34). An absorbent member (28) is fixed to the inner case with the outermost wall overlying the absorbent member, thereby preventing the absorbent member from moving radially outwardly. The outer case has an outermost wall sized for fixed receipt in the housing (15), and facilitates preventing the egress of oil to the external environment.
A sealing assembly for establishing a gas and fluid tight seal in an internal combustion engine (18) is provided. The sealing assembly includes a plate (26) of metal which has a plurality of openings and at least one generally flat surface. The plate also has at least one shelf (27) which circumferentially surrounds one of the openings and which opens to the generally flat surface and the opening. The sealing assembly further includes at least one sealing bead (28) of an elastically compressible material which is engaged with the shelf and extends outwardly therefrom past the generally flat surface for sealing the plate with another component in the internal combustion engine.
F16J 15/08 - Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
F02F 11/00 - Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines
F16J 15/12 - Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering
40.
PISTON WITH ANTI-CARBON DEPOSIT COATING AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION THEREOF
A piston and method of construction are provided. The piston includes a piston body having an upper combustion surface configured for direct exposure to combustion gases within a cylinder bore with an undercrown surface located beneath the upper combustion surface. The piston body also includes a ring belt region configured for receipt of at least one piston ring adjacent the upper combustion surface with a cooling gallery configured radially inwardly and in substantial radial alignment with the ring belt region. The piston further includes a non-stick material contained in or bonded to at least one of the undercrown surface and at least a portion of the cooling gallery, wherein the non-stick material inhibits the buildup of carbon deposits thereon.
A non-contact labyrinth seal assembly (10) includes a carrier (12) having cylindrical outer flange (18) with an annular leg (20) extending inwardly therefrom. An elastomeric body (14) is attached to the leg (20). The body (14) has a first pair of seal lips (28, 29) extending radially inwardly in diverging relation from one another and a second pair of seal lips (32, 33) spaced radially outwardly from the first pair of seal lips (28, 29). The second pa ir of seal lips (32, 33) includes radially outermost and a radially innermost seal lips. The radially outermost seal lip (32) has a cylindrical inner surface (36) and an inner surface of the radially innermost seal lip (33) has a first portion (38) extending substantially parallel to the cylindrical inner surface (36) to form an annular channel (34) and a second portion (39) extending radially outwardly to an innermost lip free end (41) that is radially aligned with the cylindrical inner surface (36) to form an annular opening (42) having a width less than a width of the channel (34). A sleeve (16) has an annular barrier (50) extending radially outwardly to an annular flange (52) that extends axially through the opening (42) into the channel (34).
A wheel end assembly for a heavy-duty vehicle includes an axle spindle and a hub rotatably mounted on the axle spindle. A main seal extends radially between the axle spindle and the hub. The seal includes a dynamic portion that seats in a bore formed in the wheel hub, and a static portion that seats on the axle spindle. The static portion includes a rigid carrier that in turn includes a first member, and a second member that is rigidly attached to the first member. An elastomer is bonded to the carrier member and forms a first external lip. The first external lip extends generally parallel to a chamfer formed in an inboard end of the hub. The first external lip, other external features, and internal features prevent contaminants from entering the wheel end assembly, retain lubricant in the assembly, and provide a dynamic expulsion surface to expel contaminants.
F16J 15/3252 - Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings provided with casings or supports with rigid casings or supports
F16J 15/3204 - Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip
F16J 15/3232 - Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip having two or more lips
A wheel end assembly for a heavy-duty vehicle includes an axle spindle and a hub rotatably mounted on the axle spindle. A main seal extends radially between the axle spindle and the hub. The seal includes a dynamic portion that seats in a bore formed in the wheel hub, and a static portion that seats on the axle spindle. The static portion includes a rigid carrier that in turn includes a first member, and a second member that is rigidly attached to the first member. An elastomer is bonded to the carrier member and forms a first external lip. The first external lip extends generally parallel to a chamfer formed in an inboard end of the hub. The first external lip, other external features, and internal features prevent contaminants from entering the wheel end assembly, retain lubricant in the assembly, and provide a dynamic expulsion surface to expel contaminants.
A steel piston with an oil gallery, and process for forming a steel piston oil gallery channel, which corresponds to the complex shape of the combustion bowl in the piston crown. The piston crown is made by a cast metal or powder metal forming process. The oil gallery channel is formed to the basic shape that corresponds to the shape of the walls of the combustion bowl. Machine-turning surfaces in the oil gallery channel can be machine- finished as desired. Surfaces in the oil gallery which cannot be machined with conventional turning operations, such as recesses and protrusions into the channel, are left in the original as-formed condition.
F02F 3/22 - Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
F02B 23/06 - Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
A steel piston with an oil gallery, and process for forming a steel piston oil gallery channel, which corresponds to the complex shape of the combustion bowl in the piston crown. The oil gallery channel is first forged to the basic shape that corresponds to the shape of the walls of the combustion bowl. Machine-turning surfaces in the oil gallery channel can be machine-finished as desired. Surfaces in the oil gallery which cannot be machined with conventional turning operations, such as recesses and protrusions into the channel, are left in the original forged condition.
An elastomeric seal (20), such as a shaft seal for automotive vehicle applications, includes an elastomeric compound (22) chemically coupled to a metal sealing ring (24) and is formed without an oven post curing step. The elastomeric seal (20) provides exceptional physical properties, similar to those of elastomeric seals of the prior art formed with an oven post curing step. The elastomeric seal (20) has an elastic modulus of 6.0 MPa to 13.0 MPa and a tensile strength of 11.1 MPa to 14.8 MPa. The elastomeric compound (22) includes 52.0 to 68.0 wt. % tluoroelastomer, 20.0 to 35.0 wt. % calcium silicate, and 5.0 to 15.0 wt. % diatomite. The elastomeric compound (22) is fully cured and chemically coupled to the metal sealing ring (24) during the compression or injection molding step without an oven post curing step. The invention is also related to a method of forming an elastomeric seal.
F16J 15/12 - Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering
B29D 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
B32B 15/082 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin comprising acrylic resins
A monobloc piston assembly for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston assembly includes a piston body which extends along an axis and is formed of at least two pieces of material which are joined together at least one friction weld joint which extends continuously through an annular shape around the axis. One of the pieces has an upper surface with a combustion bowl having a rotationally asymmetrical shape around the axis formed therein. Another of the pieces has a dome-shaped receiving surface which is rotationally symmetrical around the axis for slidingly receiving a portion of a connecting rod.
Processes for making press-in-place (PIP) gaskets. Representative components with gasket cavities (grooves) are prepared and the cavities are filled with a curable molding material (22). Once the molded gaskets are hardened, they are removed from the cavities (12). The molded sample gaskets (30) are then measured, preferably by a laser scanner (50), and drawings (60) are prepared based on the measurement data. Appropriate tooling is then created and the gaskets are produced.
B29C 39/02 - Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
F16J 15/10 - Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
49.
HIGH STRENGTH LOW FRICTION ENGINEERED MATERIAL FOR BEARINGS AND OTHER APPLICATIONS
A high strength, low friction engineered material includes a low friction material filling interstices of a metal microlattice. The metal typically comprises 5 volume % to 25 volume % and the interstices typically comprise 75 volume % to 95 volume %, based on the total volume of the metal microlattice and the interstices. The low friction material preferably fills 100 volume % of the interstices. The metal microlattice can be formed of a single layer, or multiple layers, for example layers of nickel, copper, and tin. The low friction material is typically a polymer, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyamide (PAI), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyethylene (PE), or polyoxymethylene (POM). The low friction material can also include additive particles to modify the material properties. The engineered material can be used in various automotive applications, for example as a bearing, or non-automotive applications.
A piston for an internal combustion engine comprises a sealed cooling gallery extending circumferentially around a center axis beneath a bowl rim of an upper crown. A metal-containing composition having a high thermal conductivity fills a portion of the sealed cooling gallery to dissipate heat. The metal-containing composition includes a base material having a melting temperature less than 181° C and a plurality of metal particles having a thermal conductivity greater than the thermal conductivity of the base material. For example, the metal-containing composition can comprise copper particles dispersed in silicone oil, or copper particles dispersed in a mixture of alkali metals. During high temperature operation, as the piston reciprocates in the cylinder bore, the base material is liquid and flows throughout the cooling gallery to dissipate heat away from the upper and lower crowns.
A vehicle headlamp system having a headlamp module and a processor. The headlamp module may include a light source and a reflector. The light source may include a plurality of light emitters which are individually controllable by the processor. The reflector may include a plurality of facets for reflecting the light received from the light source. The headlamp module is capable of switching between high and low beam light without mechanically movable components.
B60Q 1/04 - Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
A continuous hot bonding method for producing a bi-material strip with a strong bond therebetween is provided. The method comprises sanding a first strip formed of steel; and applying a layer of first particles, typically formed of copper, to the sanded first strip. The method next includes heating the first strip and the layer of the first particles, followed by pressing a second strip formed of an aluminum alloy onto the heated layer of the first particles. The aluminum alloy of the second strip includes tin particles, and the heat causes the second particles to liquefy and dissolve into the melted first particles. The first particles and the second particles bond together to form bond enhancing metal particles, which typically comprise bronze.
B22F 7/04 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
B23K 20/227 - Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
B32B 15/01 - Layered products essentially comprising metal all layers being exclusively metallic
F16C 33/12 - Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
53.
CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION OF WEAR RESISTANT COATINGS ONTO PISTON RING RUNNING FACE, SIDE FACE, AND INNER DIAMETER IN ONE COATING RUN
A method of coating all surfaces of a plurality of piston rings in a single run by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process is provided. The method can include providing a coil fonned of an iron-based material; heating the coil; and depositing a coating on all surfaces of the coil during a single continuous period of time, without having to move the coil during the CVD process. The coil is maintained in a fixed position during the depositing step. The method next includes splitting the coil into a plurality of separate coated piston rings. Alternatively, the method can include providing a plurality of stacked keystone piston ring bodies; and disposing a cylinder around the stack to maintain the keystone piston ring bodies in position while depositing the CVD coating on all surfaces of the keystone piston ring bodies during the single coating run.
C23C 16/455 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition (CVD) processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into the reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in the reaction chamber
F16J 9/26 - Piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction in general characterised by the use of particular materials
B23P 15/06 - Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass piston rings from one piece
A shaft seal assembly includes a metal case having a wall extending cylindrically about a central axis with an annular leg extending radially inwardly from the wall toward the central axis. An elastomeric material is bonded to the leg and a primary seal lip is operably attached to the elastomeric material. The primary seal lip separates an oil side of the assembly from an air side of the seal assembly. The elastomer material has an annular groove formed on the air side of the primary seal lip. The assembly further includes an auxiliary lip subassembly including an annular metal washer with at least one auxiliary lip fixed thereto as a one-piece subassembly. The annular metal washer has an annular outer periphery snappingly received within the annular groove.
A ball joint (10) for interconnecting relatively movable components is provided. The ball joint includes a housing and a stud with a spherical bearing surface disposed in the housing. The bearing has a concave spherical bearing surface which is brought into sliding abutment with the spherical bearing surface of the stud. The bearing is of a monolithic piece of fiber- reinforced polyamide material and includes carbon fibers which extend circumferentially about the concave spherical bearing surface.
A piston assembly and method of construction thereof for an internal combustion engine are provided. The assembly includes a piston head having an upper combustion wall with an undercrown surface and a ring belt region. The piston head has a floor with an upper surface and a bottom surface. The floor is spaced beneath the upper combustion wall in radial alignment with the ring belt region. A substantially enclosed, annular cooling gallery is bounded by the undercrown surface and the floor. A pair of pin bores depends directly from the floor of the cooling gallery. The assembly further includes a pin having ends configured for oscillating receipt in the pin bores. A pin bearing surface extends within the pin bores and between the pin bores in the lower surface of the floor. The assembly includes a connecting rod with an end fixed to the pin for conjoint oscillation therewith.
A piston for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston includes a piston body which is made of steel. The piston body has a crown portion with an upper combustion surface, a pair of skirts which depend from the crown surface, a pair of pin bosses for receiving a wrist pin and a plurality of pin boss bridges which extend from the pin bosses to the skirts. Each of the pin boss bridges extends axially to a lower end which is opposite of the crown portion and has a rib with an increased thickness at its lower end. At least one of the pin boss bridges has a generally flat counter-bore surface for providing a reference location for machining of the piston body.
A hammer union seal assembly (10), hammer union seal (12) and method of construction thereof is provided. The method of constructing the hammer union seal (12) includes forming an annular rubber ring (24) having a cylindrical inner surface and a cylindrical outer surface, with the cylindrical outer surface extending between opposite corner edges. The method further includes forming an annular steel ring (28). Then, recessing and bonding the annular steel ring (28) in one of the corner edges with an outer surface of the steel ring remaining exposed.
F16J 15/12 - Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering
F16L 19/02 - Pipe ends provided with collars or flanges, integral with the pipe or not, pressed together by a screwed member
F16L 19/025 - Pipe ends provided with collars or flanges, integral with the pipe or not, pressed together by a screwed member the pipe ends having integral collars or flanges
59.
PISTON WITH OIL COOLING PASSAGE AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION THEREOF
A piston for an internal combustion engine and method of construction thereof are provided. The piston includes a piston body having an upper combustion surface and an annular cooling gallery surrounding an undercrown region. An outer wall depends from the upper combustion surface. An annular ring belt region is formed in the outer wall adjacent the upper combustion surface. The ring belt region has at least one ring groove formed therein. At least one oil passage extends from the at least one ring groove to the cooling gallery. The oil passage has a first portion depending radially inwardly from the ring groove and a second portion ascending radially inwardly from the first portion to the cooling gallery.
An outer panel mold and method of constructing a piston and forming an undercut cooling gallery of a piston therewith is provided. The outer panel mold is operably attachable to a conventional piston mold machine. The outer panel mold has a pair of gudgeon core members and a pair of gudgeon guide blocks. The gudgeon core members are moveable toward and away from one another along an axis that is substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal central axis of a piston. Each of the gudgeon guide blocks have an opening receiving a separate one of the gudgeon core members. A pair of outer panels are moveable into a closed position between the pair of gudgeon guide blocks to form an undercut cooling gallery of the piston and an open position to allow extraction of the piston vertically along the longitudinal central axis in response to movement of the gudgeon guide blocks.
A radial shaft seal and assembly are provided. The seal has an annular mounting portion and a seal body bonded thereto. The seal body extends to a seal lip extending between an oil-side end and a free air-side end. An annular bridge extends between the seal lip and a central portion of the seal body in radially overlying relation to the seal lip. A primary dust lip extends from the air-side end and has an annular rib configured for sealed abutment with a running surface of a shaft. The annular rib has at least one vent. An auxiliary dust lip extends from the central portion of the seal body to a free end configured for sealed abutment with the shaft. The free end of the auxiliary dust lip has at least one vent spaced circumferentially from the at least one vent in the annular rib.
A gasket assembly is provided including a first gasket layer and a second gasket layer having an outboard region and an inboard edge circumscribing an aperture. The gasket layers present a sealing bead between the inboard edge and the outboard region. A stopper layer disposed between the gasket layers is attached to the outboard region of the first gasket layer at an attachment joint and extends from the attachment joint to the inboard edge. A coating of sealing material is applied between the first gasket layer and the stopper layer. The coating extends from the attachment joint to the inboard edge of the first gasket layer to present a contact region immediately surrounding the aperture where the first gasket layer and the stopper layer are in direct continuous contact with the coating thereby preventing gas leakage and metal to metal contact between the first gasket layer and the stopper layer.
A cylinder head gasket has a functional layer with a plurality of openings with a compression bead surrounding at least one of the openings. The functional layer additionally includes a plurality of stoppers, or compression limiters, spaced from the compression bead for preventing full flattening of the compression bead between the engine block and the cylinder head and for limiting the expansion and contraction of the compression bead during and between firings in the cylinders of the engine block. At least one of the stoppers has a generally frustoconical shape with a top and a reverse-frustoconical opening in the top.
A vehicle fuel pump assembly (12), method of construction thereof, and a fuel tank assembly (10) is provided. The fuel pump assembly (12)includes a non-conductive plastic reservoir (18) and an electrically powered fuel pump (20) disposed in the reservoir (18). The fuel pump (20) is configured to receive fuel through an inlet (26) and to dispense fuel through an outlet (28). A fuel filter assembly (30) having a non- conductive plastic housing (42) is disposed in the reservoir (18) and a coating of conductive material (32) is bonded to the housing (42). A conductive lead (34) is configured in electrical communication with the coating (32) and is further configured for attachment to an electrical ground (40).
F02M 37/10 - Feeding by means of driven pumps electrically driven submerged in fuel, e.g. in reservoir
F02M 37/22 - Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
65.
RADIAL SHAFT SEAL WITH STATIC AND HYDRODYNAMIC SEALING FEATURES
A radial shaft seal (10) configured for receipt in a housing and about a shaft (12) to sealingly isolate an air-side (A) of the shaft seal from an oil-side (0) of the shaft seal is provided. The seal includes an annular mounting portion (14); an elastomeric seal body (17) connected to the mounting portion (14), and a seal lip (18) connected to the seal body (17). The seal lip has an annular inner sealing surface (20) extending axially between an oil-side end and a free air-side end. The inner sealing surface (20) has a first groove region (26) and a circumferentially continuous annular static band (30). The first groove region is spaced axially from the static band and extends between the static band and the oil-side end to pump lubrication toward the oil- side of the seal. The static band prevents the lubrication from leaking from the oil-side to the air-side of the seal.
A piston for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston includes a piston body of steel and including a crown portion, a pair of skirt portions and a pair of pin boss panels. The crown portion has an upper combustion surface, a lower surface having an undercrown surface area and an outer annular ring belt with at least one ring groove. The pin boss panels depend from the crown portion and extend in spaced relationship with one another between the skirt portions. Each pin boss panel includes a pin boss having a pin bore, and the pin bores are aligned with one another for receiving a wrist pin. Each pin boss panel also has at least one recess located vertically between the associated one of the pin bores and the crown portion to increase the undercrown surface area for improved cooling of the crown portion.
A thermal spray powder 20 is provided for use in a thermal spray technique, such as flame spraying, plasma spraying, cold spraying, and high velocity oxygen fuel spraying (HVOF). The thermal spray powder 20 is formed by water or gas atomization and comprises 3.0 to 7.0 wt. % carbon, 10.0 to 25.0 wt. % chromium, 1.0 to 5.0 wt. % tungsten, 3.5 to 7.0 wt. % vanadium, 1.0 to 5.0 wt. % molybdenum, not greater than 0.5 wt. % oxygen, and at least 40.0 wt. % iron, based on the total weight of the thermal spray powder 20. The thermal spray powder 20 can be applied to a metal body, such as a piston or piston ring, to form a coating. The thermal spray powder 20 can also provide a spray-formed part.
B22F 3/115 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
B22F 5/02 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of piston rings
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
C22C 33/02 - Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
A piston assembly includes a piston having a crown with an upper combustion surface with a cylindrical outer surface extending downwardly from the upper combustion surface. A pair of pin bosses depends from the crown to a pair of pin bores having generally cylindrical bearing surfaces aligned along a pin bore axis with a top wall portion extending between the pin bosses. The top wall portion has a concave bearing surface forming a continuous concave bearing surface with the pin bores. A separate skirt is fixed to the piston against relative movement. At least one rib extends upwardly from the top wall portion of the piston on opposite sides of the pin bore axis to a lower wall surface of the crown. The at least one rib joins the crown to the top wall portion to provide structural support to the top wall portion against unwanted deflection.
A static gasket configured for establishing a seal between a cylinder head and an engine block including at least one layer having an opening and at least one compression bead. The compression bead extends circumferentially about the opening and projects out of a plane for deforming elastically when the gasket is compressed between the cylinder head and the engine block. A compression limiter which is formed from a metal wire is disposed radially between the opening and the compression bead for preventing the compression bead from being fully flattened, even if the cylinder head is overloaded onto the engine block. The compression bead is preferably induction and/or resistance welded to at least one of the layer(s).
A power cylinder assembly for an internal combustion engine is provided. The power cylinder assembly includes a cylinder wall having a channel formed therein and a piston body with a skirt. A piston ring is seated within the channel of the cylinder wall and is sealed against the skirt of the piston body. Specifically, the piston ring has a ring body with an inner face that presents two radially inwardly extending ridges spaced axially from one another by a valley region, and the outer face presents a groove which receives a spring to bias the ridges into sliding engagement with the outer surface of the skirt of the piston body. The ring body also has at least one oil drainage port which extends radially between the valley region of the inner surface and the groove of the outer face for conveying oil from between the ridges into the groove.
F16J 9/06 - Piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction in general using separate springs expanding the rings; Springs therefor
A piston ring assembly for sealing a cylinder wall to a piston body is provided. The piston ring assembly includes a plurality of rings stacked in an axial direction one in abutment with another. Each ring has an inner face and an outer face. The piston ring assembly also includes a spring which substantially circumferentially surrounds the stacked rings and abuts the outer faces of the rings. The spring biases the stacked rings in a radially inward direction for sealing the inner faces of the rings against the piston body. The spring may be of a strip of material bent into a serpentine pattern when in an at rest condition to apply the biasing force against the piston body.
F02F 11/00 - Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines
F16J 9/06 - Piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction in general using separate springs expanding the rings; Springs therefor
A piston ring for sealing a cylinder wall to a piston body is provided. The piston ring includes a ring body that extends about an axis and has inner and outer faces. The inner face presents a pair of ridges that extend in a radially inward direction, and the outer face presents a groove. A spring of an elastomeric material substantially circumferentially surrounds the ring body and is seated in the groove on the inner face. The spring biases the ring body in the radially inward direction to seal the ridges against the piston body. The ring body also has at least one oil drainage port which extends at an angle relative to the radially inward direction from the inner face to a location on the outer face on one axial side of the spring for conveying oil out of a space between the ridges.
F16J 9/06 - Piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction in general using separate springs expanding the rings; Springs therefor
A piston assembly including a piston body and a piston ring is provided. The piston body has a skirt, a portion of which extends circumferentially continuously and has a skirt diameter. The piston ring has a ring body which extends through at least one revolution in a generally helical shape when in a relaxed condition. The ring body also has an inner face, and when in the relaxed condition, the inner face presents a ring diameter which is less than the skirt diameter. The ring body circumferentially surrounds the skirt of the piston body, thereby causing the inner face to be biased into engagement with the outer surface of the circumferentially continuous portion of the skirt of the piston body to establish a dynamic seal between the ring body and the piston body.
A piston ring for sealing a cylinder wall to a piston body is provided. The piston ring includes a ring body of an elastically deformable material which extends substantially circumferentially around an axis and has an inner face that faces the axis. The inner face includes a plurality of axially spaced and radially inwardly extending contact features. The ring body configured to bias the contact features into engagement with the piston body to establish a seal there between. At least one of the contact features extends substantially continuously around a circumference for establishing a substantially continuous seal around the piston body, and at least one of the contact features is non-continuous and has at least one recessed area for allowing the passage of oil and gas therethrough.
An internal combustion engine and piston therefor is provided. The piston has a body including an upper combustion wall, a cylindrical outer wall including a ring belt region depending from the upper combustion wall, and a pair of pin bosses having axially aligned pin bores. The piston has a first cooling gallery in radial alignment with the ring belt region with a cooling medium contained therein. An insert member is fixed to the body in axially spaced relation beneath a lower wall of the first cooling gallery. The insert member bounds a second cooling gallery beneath the lower wall of the first cooling gallery. The insert member has an inlet opening configured to allow oil to flow into the second cooling gallery against the lower wall of the first cooling gallery and a separate outlet opening configured to allow the oil to flow outwardly from the second cooling gallery.
A piston for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston includes a body having a cylindrical outer surface with a ring belt region including an annular uppermost ring groove and a lower ring groove extending into the outer surface. A top land extends from the uppermost ring groove to an upper combustion surface. The body has a pair of pin bosses with pin bores aligned with one another along a pin bore axis. A first piston ring is disposed in the uppermost ring groove and a second piston ring is disposed in the lower ring groove. The body has an annular sealed cooling gallery with a cooling medium contained therein. The sealed cooling gallery is configured in substantial radial alignment between the first and second piston rings to provide optimal cooling to the ring belt region, top land and upper combustion surface.
A piston, piston ring and method of construction thereof is provided. The piston ring is L-shaped, having a first portion configured to extend upwardly from a ring groove of a piston along a top land of the piston and a second portion configured for receipt in the ring groove. The first and second portions of the ring have an enclosed hollow cooling chamber with a cooling medium disposed therein such that the cooling medium is free to flow internally to the piston ring groove and upwardly from the piston ring groove along the top land.
A piston for an internal combustion engine has a body including an upper combustion wall having an upper combustion surface; cylindrical outer wall with a ring belt region adjacent the upper combustion surface, and a closed annular cooling gallery located in radial alignment with the ring belt region. A cooling medium is contained in the cooling gallery. The cooling gallery has an inner surface including a radially outermost portion extending along the ring belt region. The outermost portion converges from the upper combustion wall toward a longitudinal central axis. During reciprocating motion of the piston, the cooling medium flows and remains in contact with the cooling gallery walls, thereby maximizing the capacity for heat to be transferred from the upper combustion wall to the contained cooling medium and from the cooling medium to the piston body, ring belt region and ultimately to the engine cooling system.
A multi-layer gasket including first and second functional layers, each having an opening. Each of the functional layers includes a compression bead, and the compression beads contact and seal against one another when the gasket is compressed between a cylinder head and an engine block. At least one of the functional layers includes a stopper disposed between the compression bead and the opening. The stopper has a gear-like shape including a plurality of circumferentially spaced teeth. Each tooth extends upwardly from a plane by a distance which is less than the combined height of the compression beads. When the gasket is compressed between the cylinder head and engine block, the stopper ensures that the compression beads remain elastically biased against one another and maintain a gas-tight seal.
A diagnostic tool for monitoring a component in a load electrical circuit is provided. The diagnostic tool includes a housing containing a relay, at least one electrical sensor, a computer readable memory and a processor. The relay is configured for selectively open and close the load electrical circuit according to a control electrical circuit. The at least one sensor is configured to measure current and/or voltage in the load electrical circuit and to generate signals corresponding to the electrical load drawn tlirough the load electrical circuit. The processor is in electrical with the sensor or sensors and the computer readable memory for storing data in the computer readable memory corresponding to the signals generated by the sensor.
A piston assembly including a piston body pivotally connected to a connecting rod by a wrist pin. The wrist pin includes a sealed cavity therein partially filled with a heat transfer medium. The heat transfer medium may be composed of a fusible alloy. The sealed cavity may be comprised of discrete compartments. The wrist pin may be integrated with the connecting rod and share a conjoined sealed cavity therewith so that heat transfer medium can draw heat effectively away from the piston body.
A windscreen wiper device, or a wiper blade assembly, for cleaning a windshield of a vehicle is provided. The wiper blade assembly includes a wiper strip that extends in a longitudinal direction and at least one carrier element in engagement with the wiper strip for supporting and biasing the wiper strip into a predetermined configuration. An at least two piece connecting device is coupled to the at least one carrier element. One piece of the connecting device is a main piece that has a bearing surface shaped, and the other piece is a door piece that is pivotable between an open position for allowing attachment and detachment between the connecting device and the wiper arm and a closed position for securing the wiper arm into engagement with the wiper blade assembly. The door piece is pivotably coupled to the main piece about an axis that extends in a longitudinal direction.
A windscreen wiper device is provided. The windscreen wiper device includes an elongated wiper strip of a flexible material for sealing against the windshield and at least one elongated groove. At least one flexible and elongated carrier element is disposed in the at least one groove of the wiper strip for biasing the wiper strip into a predetermined configuration when in a relaxed state. The at least one carrier element presents at least one upwardly facing curve and at least one downwardly facing curve when in a relaxed state.
A windscreen wiper device for cleaning a windshield of a vehicle is provided. The windscreen wiper device includes a wiper strip of a flexible material for sealing against the windshield to drive rain, snow, ice and other elements away therefrom. The windscreen wiper device also includes at least one carrier element extending between opposite and, at a minimum, downwardly curved end portions and in engagement with the wiper strip to bias it into a predetermined configuration. A frame structure includes a plurality of claws in engagement with the carrier elements between the end portions. The frame structure also includes a pair of end caps that are pivotably coupled to at least an adjacent portion of the frame structure and engage the end portions of the carrier elements.
A windscreen wiper device for cleaning a windshield of a vehicle is provided. The windscreen wiper device includes a wiper strip extending in a longitudinal direction between opposite wiper strip ends, and the wiper strip is of a flexible material such as rubber for sealing against the windshield. At least one carrier element is disposed in the grooves and extends in a longitudinal direction between opposite carrier element ends. The windscreen wiper device further includes a frame structure including a plurality of claws in sliding engagement with the carrier element or elements and wherein the frame structure extends longitudinally past the ends of the wiper strip and the carrier element or elements. The frame structure includes a pair of flange portions that restrict the movement of the carrier element and the wiper strip relative to the frame structure.
A method of making a windscreen wiper device is provided. The method includes the step of preparing a wiper strip and at least one carrier element in engagement with the wiper strip. The at least one carrier element extends in a longitudinal direction between opposite ends to bias the wiper strip into a predetermined configuration. The method proceeds with sliding a first component of a frame structure onto one of the ends of the at least one earner element and sliding a second component of the frame structure onto one of the ends of the carrier element. The method continues with the step of coupling the first and second components of the frame structure with one another only after the first and second components are both slid into engagement with the at least one carrier element.
An industrial spark plug (20) includes a central electrode (24) with a central base (30) formed of a nickel-based material and a central firing tip (32) formed of an iridium- based material. The central firing tip (32) has a tip thickness (tct) of 0.02 to 0.03 inches, a tip diameter (dct) of 0.1 184 to 0.1776 inches, and an aspect ratio of 4.736 to 7.104. The central firing tip (32) is electron beam welded to the central base (30) to provide a robust joint therebetween. The central electron beam weld (36) includes a mixture of re-crystallized iridium-based material and re-crystallized nickel-based material extending continuously along and over the entire welding interface. The spark plug (20) also includes a ground electrode (26) with a ground firing tip (38) electron beam welded to a ground base (42).
A windscreen wiper device for cleaning a windshield of a vehicle is provided. The windscreen wiper device includes a wiper strip for sealing against the windshield and at least one carrier element engaged with the wiper strip to bias the wiper strip into a predetermined configuration. A frame structure is coupled to the at least one carrier element and includes at least two components. One of the components presents an elongated member with a resilient tab, and another component includes a longitudinally extending opening. One of the walls of the opening has a recess shaped similarly to the resilient tab. The elongated member is inserted into the opening until the resilient tab snaps into the opening to interconnect the components.
A windscreen wiper device for cleaning a windshield of a vehicle is provided. The windscreen wiper device includes a longitudinally extending wiper strip and at least one carrier element in engagement with the wiper strip for operatively supporting and biasing the wiper strip into a predetermined configuration. A base is non-removably coupled to the at least one carrier element and has an opening that extends therethrough to provide access to the at least one carrier element through the base. A connection device is removably secured directly to the at least one carrier element through the opening of the base for attachment with a wiper arm.
A piston for an internal combustion engine and method of construction thereof is provided. The piston includes a piston body having an upper combustion surface with a combustion bowl depending from the upper combustion surface. The piston body has a ring belt region configured for receipt of at least one piston ring adjacent the upper combustion surface. A cooling gallery is configured in radial alignment with the ring belt region. An annular combustion bowl rim region extends between the upper combustion surface and the combustion bowl, and a bonded seam extends from the combustion bowl rim region radially outwardly to the cooling gallery. The bonded seam has material properties exhibiting an enhanced ability to withstand the extreme temperature, pressure, stress and highly corrosive and erosive effects of the combustion gases relative to the surrounding material of the piston body.
A drum brake assembly for reducing braking vibrations and noise, including a pair of shoes (30), each extending through an arc and presenting an outer shoe surface, a pair of brake linings (20) of a friction material are coupled to the outer shoe surface, each of the brake liningving an upper surface (42) and a pair of oppositely facing chamfered edges (44, 46), each chamfered edge having an arc length of no less than one inch (2,54cm) and being disposed at an angle of between ten and twenty-five degrees from the tangent of the upper surface where it meets the chamfered edge.
F16D 51/20 - Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis with two brake-shoes extending in opposite directions from their pivots
F16D 65/08 - Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for internally-engaging brakes
92.
PISTON WITH ANTI-CARBON DEPOSIT COATING AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION THEREOF
A piston and method of construction are provided. The piston includes a piston body having an upper combustion surface configured for direct exposure to combustion gases within a cylinder bore with an undercrown surface located beneath the upper combustion surface. The piston body also includes a ring belt region configured for receipt of at least one piston ring adjacent the upper combustion surface with a cooling gallery configured radially inwardly and in substantial radial alignment with the ring belt region. The piston further includes a non-stick coating material bonded to at least one of the undercrown surface and at least a portion of the cooling gallery, wherein the non-stick coating material inhibits the build-up of carbon deposits thereon.
A piston ring formed of cast iron provides improved machinability and exceptional performance and minimum costs. The cast iron includes 2.2 to 2.9 wt. % carbon, 3.2 to 4.2 wt. % silicon, 0.75 to 1.25 wt. % copper, 1.0 to 1.5 wt. % manganese, 0.09 to 0.15 wt. % sulfur, not greater than 0.2 wt. % phosphorous, and an average carbon equivalent of 3.8. The cast iron preferably includes a matrix of martensite with MnS and carbides dispersed therein. The matrix is also preferably free of ferrite, austenite, and steadite. The cast iron is formed by casting, autenitizing, quenching, and tempering the alloy.
A radial shaft seal to isolate an air side of the seal from an oil side of the seal is provided. The seal includes a mounting portion and a seal lip having a sealing surface extending between an oil side end and an air side end. An annular bridge is connected to the oil side end by a first hinge and to the mounting portion by a second hinge. The bridge extends in overlying relation to the seal lip. A projection extends from the first hinge away from the bridge. A plurality of ribs extend radially inwardly from the projection. A plurality of nubs extend axially from the oil side end of the seal lip toward the oil side of the shaft seal. The ribs and nubs minimize friction between the seal and a shaft during installation and prevent the seal lip from inverting during an oil-side installation assembly.
A windscreen wiper device (20) is provided including a longitudinally extending wiper strip (22) of a flexible material. At least one carrier of a spring-like material operatively supports and biases the wiper strip (22) into a predetermined configuration. The windscreen wiper device (20) further includes a connecting device for connection with a wiper arm. At least a portion of the wiper strip (22) has a microtextured surface formed directly into the flexible material. The microtextured surface may be on, for example, any one of or any combination of a wiping portion (24), a channel, a hinge portion (28) and a spoiler portion (26) of the wiper strip.
A piston ring (20) is provided having a bottom surface (22), a top surface (24), an inner diameter surface (26) and at least one running surface (28). A wear protection coating (30) substantially entirely of cobalt is applied to the at least one running surface to protect the base material of the piston ring. Specifically, during operation of an engine, the more durable cobalt wear resistant coating, not the base material which may be steel or cast iron, is in sliding contact with a cylinder wall. The cobalt coating may be applied through, for example, electrodeposition or plasma spraying.
A piston for a diesel internal combustion engine including a crown portion at least partially formed of steel and having a combustion surface with a combustion bowl formed therein is provided. The combustion bowl presents a combustion bowl rim area, and a coating including at least one of a noble metal and a refractory metal is applied to substantially only the combustion bowl rim area. The coating is preferably applied in the areas of the combustion bowl rim area that are in line with the sprays of diesel fuel when the piston is in a top dead center position during operation of the engine.
F02F 3/14 - Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads within combustion chambers
F02F 3/12 - Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads
F02B 23/06 - Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
98.
PISTON ASSEMBLY INCLUDING A POLYMER COATING WITH HARD PARTICLES APPLIED TO SLIDING SURFACES
A piston assembly comprises a piston body, a connecting rod, and a wrist pin. The piston body includes a pair of first cross bores presenting a piston sliding surface. The connecting rod includes a second cross bore presenting a rod sliding surface which is axially aligned with the first cross bores of the piston body. A wrist pin is disposed in the aligned cross bores and couples the piston body to the connecting rod. The wrist pin also presents a pin sliding surface facing the rod sliding surface and the piston sliding surfaces. A coating is applied to at least one of the sliding surfaces, such as by dipping, brushing, atomizing, spraying, printing, or screen printing. The coating includes a polymer matrix, such as polyamide imide (PAI), and hard particles, such as Fei03, disposed throughout the polymer matrix. The hard particles have a hardness of at least 600 HV/0.5.
A radial shaft seal (10), method of installation thereof, and seal assembly are provided. The seal includes a mounting portion (18) and a seal lip (24) having a sealing surface extending between an oil side (0) end and a free air side (A) end. An annular bridge (64) extends from the oil side end to the mounting portion in radially overlying relation with the seal lip. An annular installation lip (26) extends from the free air side end toward an air side of the seal. The installation lip has an inner surface (58) spaced radially outwardly from the sealing surface and has an end portion that diverges radially outwardly toward the air side (A) of the seal. The installation lip engages the shaft (A) to promote the seal lip to slide over the shaft without unfolding the seal lip, and then springs radially outwardly from the shaft to remain out of contact with the shaft during use.
A multilayer metal gasket (40) having first (28) and second (30) functional layers. Each layer (28, 30) includes an opening (34, 38) for sealing a fluid passage or combustion chamber (26) Sealing beads (42, 44) are formed in each layer (28, 30) and, preferably, arranged to contact each other in crest-to-crest orientation to perfect a seal therebetween. A stopper feature (54) is provided to restrict compression of the sealing beads (42, 44) in use. The stopper feature (54) is arranged in a generally circular pattern and is composed of a plurality of discrete nesting embossments (56) which are closely spaced to one another but do not touch. Each discrete nesting embossment (56) is substantially identical in shape to the next adjacent discrete nesting embossment (56) but oriented approximately 180 degrees therefrom. The embossments (56) may be formed entirely on one of the functional layers (28, 30) or on both functional layers.
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