Embodiments disclosed herein are directed to devices and methods for improving operation of a combustion system. According to various embodiments disclosed herein, a prefabricated integrated combustion assembly is disclosed that may be installed into a combustion chamber of a combustion system. The combustion system may be a new combustion system that is being manufactured or a conventional combustion system that is being retrofitted.
F23D 14/22 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
3.
BURNER SYSTEM INCLUDING A DISTAL FLAME HOLDER AND A NON-REACTIVE FLUID SOURCE
A burner includes a distal flame holder, first and second fuel nozzles, a fuel and oxidant source, and a mixing tube disposed upstream from the distal flame holder. Fuel emitted from the first fuel nozzle mixes with oxidant from the oxidant source to form a fuel and oxidant mixture to support combustion in the distal flame holder. A non-reactive fluid source such as recirculated flue gas provides a non-reactive fluid for dilution of the fuel and oxidant mixture to prevent flashback.
F23C 9/08 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
F23C 6/04 - Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers in series connection
F23D 14/04 - Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
F23D 14/26 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
F23D 14/64 - Mixing devicesMixing tubes with injectors
According to embodiments, burner systems include a first plurality of main fuel nozzles positioned in a flame tube or combustion chamber and configured to supply a flow of main fuel to a burner in the flame tube, and a second plurality of main fuel nozzles positioned outside the flame tube or combustion chamber and configured to introduce a flow of main fuel into a combustion air flow that is introduced to the burner.
A burner includes a flame sensor configured to detect at least one of permittivity, capacitance, or resistance across a flame region. The permittivity, capacitance, or resistance is used to determine the presence or absence of the flame in a combustion system. A combustion system supports a combustion reaction. The combustion system utilizes a combustion sensor, and optionally a plasma generator to stabilize the combustion reaction. A controller receives sensor signals from the combustion sensor and controls the plasma generator to stabilize the combustion reaction responsive to the sensor signals. The plasma generator stabilizes the combustion reaction by generating a plasma.
F23D 14/14 - Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
F23N 1/02 - Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
F23N 5/02 - Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
F23N 5/12 - Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
F23N 5/18 - Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups
An ultra wideband (UWB) combustion sensor detects presence or absence of combustion corresponding to an effect on a transmitted, time-gated pulse and detection by a presence or absence of charged particles associated with combustion. A combustion system includes a UWB combustion sensor. A method for operating a combustion system includes operation of a UWB combustion sensor.
According to an embodiment, a burner system provides a flow of premixed fuel and flue gas, and combustion airflow is provided at an intended distal flame front position. The burner system may include a pilot burner. A burner system may include a pre-mix pilot burner. In an embodiment a main fuel may include a high hydrogen content.
An ultra wideband (UWB) combustion sensor detects presence or absence of combustion corresponding to an effect on a transmitted, time-gated pulse and detection by a presence or absence of charged particles associated with combustion. A combustion system includes a UWB combustion sensor. A method for operating a combustion system includes operation of a UWB combustion sensor.
According to an embodiment, a fired heater includes a fuel and combustion air source configured to output fuel and combustion air into a combustion volume, the combustion volume including a combustion volume wall defining a lateral extent separate from an exterior volume. According to an embodiment, the fired heater includes a boiler heater and the combustion volume wall comprises a combustion pipe defining a lateral extent of the combustion volume, the combustion pipe being disposed to separate the combustion volume from a water and steam volume. The fired heater includes a mixing tube aligned to receive the fuel and combustion air from the fuel and combustion air source. The mixing tube may be separated from the combustion volume wall by a separation volume. The fired heater includes a bluff body flame holder aligned to receive a fuel and combustion air mixture from an outlet end of the mixing tube. The bluff body flame holder may be configured to hold a combustion reaction for heating a combustion volume wall. The combustion volume wall may include a combustion pipe. The combustion pipe may be configured to heat the water in the water and steam volume.
A combustion system includes a fuel and oxidant source and a flame holder. The flame holder includes a plurality of discrete slats arranged in parallel defining combustion channels between adjacent slats. Pairs of adjacent slats may be oriented to operate substantially as a V-gutter. The fuel and oxidant source outputs fuel and oxidant into the combustion channels. The flame holder holds a combustion reaction of the fuel and oxidant in the combustion channels.
F23D 14/22 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
F23D 14/70 - Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
F27D 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F23D 14/58 - Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
A boiler burner is configured for use in a horizontally fired boiler, such as a flame tube boiler or a water tube boiler. The burner may include proximal fuel and air sources providing a flow into a proximal inlet of a mixing tube that conveys the main fuel and combustion air to an outlet of the mixing tube. The burner may also include a flange configured to be mounted to an opening of a boiler and structured to support a weight of the boiler burner when the boiler burner is oriented horizontally for horizontal firing. A distal pilot burner disposed distal to the outlet of the mixing tube may be configured to hold a combustion reaction of the main fuel and combustion air.
F23D 14/22 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
According to an embodiment, a burner system provides a flow of premixed fuel and flue gas, and combustion airflow is provided at an intended distal flame front position. The burner system may include a pilot burner. A burner system may include a pre-mix pilot burner. In an embodiment a main fuel may include a high hydrogen content.
F23C 9/00 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
F23D 14/04 - Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
F23D 14/64 - Mixing devicesMixing tubes with injectors
A burner includes a flame sensor configured to detect at least one of permittivity, capacitance, or resistance across a flame region. The permittivity, capacitance, or resistance is used to determine the presence or absence of the flame in a combustion system. A combustion system supports a combustion reaction. The combustion system utilizes a combustion sensor, and optionally a plasma generator to stabilize the combustion reaction. A controller receives sensor signals from the combustion sensor and controls the plasma generator to stabilize the combustion reaction responsive to the sensor signals. The plasma generator stabilizes the combustion reaction by generating a plasma.
F23D 14/14 - Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
F23N 5/02 - Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
F23N 5/12 - Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
F23N 5/18 - Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
G01M 15/14 - Testing gas-turbine engines or jet-propulsion engines
G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups
A system for measuring a fuel-oxidant equivalence ratio includes at least one wall defining a gas volume including fuel and air. A gas ionization source is configured to cause a formation of ions in the gas. A power supply is configured to output a time-varying voltage. A first electrode is disposed in the gas volume, operatively coupled to the power supply, and configured to carry the time-varying voltage. A second electrode is arranged to operatively couple to a signal output by the first electrode after the signal passes through the gas volume. Characteristics of the received signal indicate the fuel-oxidant equivalence ratio.
F23D 14/14 - Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
F23N 1/02 - Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
F23N 5/02 - Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
F23N 5/12 - Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
F23N 5/18 - Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups
A low emissions modular burner system includes a plurality of burner modules, each including a main fuel source configured to selectively deliver a main fuel stream for dilution by a flow of combustion air, a main igniter configured to cause ignition of the main fuel stream emitted from the main fuel source, a distal flame holder configured to hold a combustion reaction supported by the main fuel stream when the distal flame holder is at or above a predetermined temperature, and a pre-heating apparatus configured to pre-heat the distal flame holder to the predetermined temperature. The low emissions modular burner system includes a common combustion air source configured to provide combustion air to each of the plurality of burner modules, and a burner system wall encircling all of the plurality of burner modules, the burner system wall being configured to at least laterally contain combustion products corresponding to all of the plurality of burner modules.
F23G 7/08 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of specific waste or low grade fuels, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases using flares, e.g. in stacks
17.
BURNER SYSTEM INCLUDING A DISTAL FLAME HOLDER AND A NON-REACTIVE FLUID SOURCE
A burner includes a distal flame holder, first and second fuel nozzles, a fuel and oxidant source, and a mixing tube disposed upstream from the distal flame holder. Fuel emitted from the first fuel nozzle mixes with oxidant from the oxidant source to form a fuel and oxidant mixture to support combustion in the distal flame holder. A non-reactive fluid source such as recirculated flue gas provides a non-reactive fluid for dilution of the fuel and oxidant mixture to prevent flashback.
F23C 9/08 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
F23D 14/04 - Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
F23D 14/64 - Mixing devicesMixing tubes with injectors
A combustion system includes a distal flame holder, a pilot fuel distributor, a main fuel distributor, an oxidant source, an array of sensors, and a controller. The oxidant source outputs an oxidant. The pilot fuel distributor supports a pilot flame configured to preheat the distal flame holder by outputting a pilot fuel at least when the combustion system is in a preheating state. The main fuel source outputs a main fuel in the standard operating state. The distal flame holder is configured to support a combustion reaction of the main fuel and the oxidant in the standard operating state. The sensors are configured to sense parameters of the pilot flame and the distal flame holder and to output sensor signals to the controller. The controller executes software instructions that include adjusting the flow of the main fuel, the pilot fuel, and the oxidant responsive to the sensor signals.
F23D 14/22 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
F23D 14/32 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
F23D 14/58 - Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
Embodiments disclosed herein are directed to devices and methods for improving operation of a combustion system. According to various embodiments disclosed herein, a prefabricated integrated combustion assembly is disclosed that may be installed into a combustion chamber of a combustion system. The combustion system may be a new combustion system that is being manufactured or a conventional combustion system that is being retrofitted.
According to an embodiment, a burner system includes a pilot burner disposed in a furnace at a distal position along a main fuel and combustion air flow axis, and one or more main fuel nozzles disposed at a proximal position along the main fuel and combustion air flow axis. The pilot burner is configured to support a pilot flame and the one or more main fuel nozzles are configured to support a main flame in contact with the pilot flame. The pilot burner is disposed to cause the main fuel and combustion air to be ignited by the pilot flame.
F23D 14/26 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
F23D 14/22 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
F23D 14/58 - Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
According to an embodiment, a fired heater includes a fuel and combustion air source configured to output fuel and combustion air into a combustion volume, the combustion volume including a combustion volume wall defining a lateral extent separate from an exterior volume. According to an embodiment, the fired heater includes a boiler heater and the combustion volume wall comprises a combustion pipe defining a lateral extent of the combustion volume, the combustion pipe being disposed to separate the combustion volume from a water and steam volume. The fired heater includes a mixing tube aligned to receive the fuel and combustion air from the fuel and combustion air source. The mixing tube may be separated from the combustion volume wall by a separation volume. The fired heater includes a bluff body flame holder aligned to receive a fuel and combustion air mixture from an outlet end of the mixing tube. The bluff body flame holder may be configured to hold a combustion reaction for heating a combustion volume wall. The combustion volume wall may include a combustion pipe. The combustion pipe may be configured to heat the water in the water and steam volume.
A combustion system includes a fuel distributor configured to output a fuel, an oxidant source configured to output an oxidant, and a mixing tube defining a mixing volume aligned to receive the fuel and oxidant. The mixing tube is shaped to convey the fuel and the oxidant through the mixing volume at a bulk velocity higher than a flame propagation speed. The combustion system includes a flame holder aligned to receive the mixed fuel and oxidant and to support a combustion reaction of the fuel and the oxidant.
F23D 14/64 - Mixing devicesMixing tubes with injectors
F23C 9/00 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
F23D 11/10 - Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
A method for a combustion system includes outputting fuel from an adjustable-position fuel nozzle onto a perforated flame holder, the fuel being directed for mixture with an oxidant en route to the perforated flame holder. A combustion reaction of the fuel and the oxidant is supported within the perforated flame holder. A position of the adjustable-position fuel nozzle may be changed relative to the flame holder. A first flow of fuel may be output when the adjustable position fuel nozzle is in an extended state, and a second flow of fuel may be output when the adjustable-position fuel nozzle is in a retracted state.
A flame holder system includes a support structure configured to support a plurality of burner tiles within a furnace volume. The support structure includes a frame supporting a support lattice. A number of burner tiles are arranged in an array on the support lattice. The support structure is configured to be assemblable without tools inside the furnace volume, using components that are sized to fit through an access port in a wall of the furnace.
A combustion system includes a perforated flame holder, a fuel nozzle configured to output fuel toward the perforated flame holder, and a plasma ignition device configured to output a plasma during a preheating state of the combustion system and to cease outputting the plasma to transition from the preheating state to the standard operating state. In the preheating state the plasma ignition device causes a preheating flame of the fuel stream at a position between the fuel nozzle and the perforated flame holder. In the standard operating condition, the plasma is not present and the fuel stream impinges on the perforated flame holder. The perforated flame holder supports a combustion reaction of the fuel stream within the perforated flame holder when in the standard operating state.
F23D 14/14 - Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
F23D 14/22 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
F23D 14/32 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
F23D 14/56 - Nozzles for spreading the flame over an area, e.g. for desurfacing of solid material, for surface hardening or for heating workpieces
F23D 14/58 - Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
A combustion system such as a furnace or boiler includes a perforated reaction holder configured to hold a combustion reaction that produces very low oxides of nitrogen (NOx).
F23C 6/04 - Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers in series connection
F23C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F23N 5/26 - Systems for controlling combustion Details
F27D 11/06 - Induction heating, i.e. in which the material being heated, or its container or elements embodied therein, form the secondary of a transformer
F23D 14/24 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
F23D 11/02 - Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the combustion space being a chamber substantially at atmospheric pressure
F23L 7/00 - Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
F23C 9/06 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion
F23D 14/26 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
F23N 1/02 - Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
A burner system and a retrofit flame control system for an existing burner system are disclosed. The burner system may include burner components, electrodynamic components, and a data interface. The data interface may receive a command for controlling the burner components and prepare a command for controlling the electrodynamic components at least partially based on the command for controlling the burner components.
F23C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F23N 5/12 - Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
28.
Method for electrically controlled combustion fluid flow
A combustion fluid flow barrier includes an aperture to control combustion fluid flow. The combustion fluid is charged by a charge generator. The combustion fluid flow barrier includes at least one flow control electrode operatively coupled to the aperture and configured to selectively allow, attract, or resist passage of the charged combustion fluid through the aperture, depending on voltage applied to the flow control electrode.
F23C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F23Q 7/06 - Igniters structurally associated with fluid-fuel burners
F23N 5/12 - Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
A combustion system includes a fuel and oxidant source and a flame holder. The flame holder includes a plurality of discrete slats arranged in parallel defining combustion channels between adjacent slats. The fuel and oxidant source outputs fuel and oxidant into the combustion channels. The flame holder holds a combustion reaction of the fuel and oxidant in the combustion channels.
A combustion system includes a fuel and oxidant source that outputs fuel and oxidant, a first perforated flame holder, and a second perforated flame holder separated from the first perforated flame holder by a gap. The first and second perforated flame holders sustain a combustion reaction of the fuel and oxidant within the first and second perforated flame holders.
A perforated flame holder and burner including a perforated flame holder provides reduced oxides of nitrogen (NOx) during operation. The perforated flame holder includes a pattern of elongated apertures extending between a proximal and a distal surface of the flame holder relative to a fuel nozzle. The perforated flame holder can provide a significantly reduced flame height while maintaining heat output from the burner.
A low NOx burner is configured to support a combustion reaction at a selected fuel mixture by anchoring a flame at a conductive flame anchor responsive to current flow between charges carried by the flame and the conductive flame anchor.
A combustion system includes a perforated reaction holder having perforations defined to compensate for a non-uniform velocity of fuel and/or oxidant received across an input face of the perforated reaction holder.
Embodiments disclosed herein are directed to devices and methods for improving operation of a combustion system. According to various embodiments disclosed herein, a prefabricated integrated combustion assembly is disclosed that may be installed into a combustion chamber of a combustion system. The combustion system may be a new combustion system that is being manufactured or a conventional combustion system that is being retrofitted.
F23D 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
B23P 19/04 - Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformationTools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
36.
Methods of upgrading a conventional combustion system to include a perforated flame holder
A combustion system such as a furnace or boiler includes a perforated reaction holder configured to hold a combustion reaction that produces very low oxides of nitrogen (NOx).
F23C 6/04 - Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers in series connection
F23C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F23N 5/26 - Systems for controlling combustion Details
F27D 11/06 - Induction heating, i.e. in which the material being heated, or its container or elements embodied therein, form the secondary of a transformer
F23D 14/24 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
F23D 11/02 - Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the combustion space being a chamber substantially at atmospheric pressure
F23L 7/00 - Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
F23C 9/06 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion
F23D 14/26 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
F23N 1/02 - Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
Embodiments disclosed herein are directed to integrated combustion assemblies including a perforated flame holder, combustion systems that include one or more integrated combustion assemblies, and related methods. For example, an integrated combustion assembly may be placed into service (e.g., integrated into a combustion system) as a complete and/or replaceable unit, such that elements and/or components of the combustion assembly are preassembled and no further assembly is required at the installation site.
F22B 9/12 - Steam boilers of fire-tube type, i.e. the flue gas from a combustion chamber outside the boiler body flowing through tubes built-in in the boiler body the boiler body being disposed substantially horizontally, e.g. at the side of the combustion chamber the fire tubes being in substantially-horizontal arrangement
F24H 1/20 - Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes
F23M 9/06 - Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion productsFlame shields in fire-boxes
F24H 1/26 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
F24H 1/28 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
F24H 9/00 - FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL Details
F23D 14/14 - Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
F24H 9/18 - Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
F23D 14/04 - Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
F23D 14/70 - Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
F23N 5/02 - Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
F23D 14/14 - Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
41.
Method for operating a combustion system including a perforated flame holder
A method for operating a combustion system includes outputting fuel and oxidant from a fuel and oxidant source onto a perforated flame holder. The method further includes sustaining a combustion reaction of the fuel and oxidant within the perforated flame holder.
A combustion system such as a furnace or boiler includes a perforated reaction holder configured to hold a combustion reaction that produces very low oxides of nitrogen (NOx).
F23C 5/00 - Combustion apparatus characterised by the arrangement or mounting of burners
F23D 14/02 - Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
F23D 14/26 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
F23C 9/06 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion
F23N 1/02 - Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
A horizontally-fired flame burner includes a flame holder positioned laterally from the burner. The flame holder includes a plurality of perforations that collectively confine a combustion reaction of the burner to the flame holder.
F23D 17/00 - Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
F23D 14/14 - Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
F23D 14/32 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
F23C 13/02 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material characterised by arrangements for starting the operation, e.g. for heating the catalytic material to operating temperature
F23C 13/06 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material in which non-catalytic combustion takes place in addition to catalytic combustion, e.g. downstream of a catalytic element
F23C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F23D 14/70 - Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
44.
Burner system employing multiple perforated flame holders, and method of operation
A burner system includes a plurality of burners, each having a nozzle positioned to emit a stream of fuel into a combustion volume, and a perforated flame holder, including a plurality of apertures extending between first and second faces thereof, and positioned to receive a stream of fuel from the respective nozzle. In operation, the flame holders are configured to hold a flame substantially within the plurality of apertures.
F22B 7/08 - Steam boilers of furnace-tube type, i.e. the combustion of fuel being performed inside one or more furnace tubes built-in in the boiler body with auxiliary water tubes inside the furnace tube in longitudinal arrangement
F23D 14/16 - Radiant burners using permeable blocks
F23N 5/02 - Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
F01K 5/02 - Plants characterised by use of means for storing steam in an alkali to increase steam pressure, e.g. of Honigmann or Koenemann type used in regenerative installation
F23D 11/02 - Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the combustion space being a chamber substantially at atmospheric pressure
F22B 1/18 - Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
F23D 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
45.
Electrically-driven particulate agglomeration in a combustion system
Technologies are presented for applying electrical energy to a combustion reaction to produce agglomerated combustion particulates. For example, a system may include: one or more electrodes configured to apply electrical energy to a combustion reaction; a combustion zone configured to support the combustion reaction of a fuel at a fuel source; and an electrical power source operatively coupled to the one or more electrodes and configured to apply electrical energy to the combustion reaction. The combustion reaction is controlled to produce a distribution of agglomerated combustion particulates characterized by an increase in at least one of an average particulate diameter or an average particulate mass.
B01D 46/00 - Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
B03C 3/017 - Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
F23C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F23J 15/02 - Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
F01N 3/01 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust by means of electric or electrostatic separators
F01N 3/025 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
46.
Perforated flame holder and burner including a perforated flame holder
A perforated flame holder and burner including a perforated flame holder provides reduced oxides of nitrogen (NOx) during operation. The perforated flame holder includes a pattern of elongated apertures extending between a proximal and a distal surface of the flame holder relative to a fuel nozzle. The perforated flame holder can provide a significantly reduced flame height while maintaining heat output from the burner.
A burner supporting primary and secondary combustion reactions may include a primary combustion reaction actuator configured to select a location of the secondary combustion reaction. A burner may include a lifted flame holder structure configured to support a secondary combustion reaction above a partial premixing region. The secondary flame support location may be selected as a function of a turndown parameter. Selection logic may be of arbitrary complexity.
A combustion system such as a furnace or boiler includes a perforated reaction holder configured to hold a combustion reaction that produces very low oxides of nitrogen (NOx).
F23D 14/14 - Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
F23C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F23N 5/26 - Systems for controlling combustion Details
F27D 11/06 - Induction heating, i.e. in which the material being heated, or its container or elements embodied therein, form the secondary of a transformer
F23D 14/24 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
F23D 11/02 - Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the combustion space being a chamber substantially at atmospheric pressure
F23L 7/00 - Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
F23C 6/04 - Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers in series connection
F23C 9/06 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion
F23D 14/26 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
F23N 1/02 - Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
A combustion system outputs fuel gas from a plurality of fuel ejectors toward a forward end of a burner wall and preheats a perforated flame holder by sustaining combustion reaction of the fuel gas at combustion zone between the burner wall and a perforated flame holder. The combustion system then outputs fuel gas from the fuel ejectors onto the perforated flame holder and sustains a combustion reaction of the fuel gas within the perforated flame holder.
F23C 6/04 - Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers in series connection
F23C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F23N 5/26 - Systems for controlling combustion Details
F27D 11/06 - Induction heating, i.e. in which the material being heated, or its container or elements embodied therein, form the secondary of a transformer
F23D 14/24 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
F23D 11/02 - Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the combustion space being a chamber substantially at atmospheric pressure
F23L 7/00 - Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
F23C 9/06 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion
F23D 14/26 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
F23N 1/02 - Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
A combustion system such as a furnace or boiler includes a perforated reaction holder configured to hold a combustion reaction that produces very low oxides of nitrogen (NOx).
F23D 9/00 - Burners in which a stream of liquid fuel impinges intermittently on a hot surface
F23C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F23N 5/26 - Systems for controlling combustion Details
F27D 11/06 - Induction heating, i.e. in which the material being heated, or its container or elements embodied therein, form the secondary of a transformer
F23D 14/24 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
F23D 11/02 - Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the combustion space being a chamber substantially at atmospheric pressure
F23L 7/00 - Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
F23C 6/04 - Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers in series connection
F23C 9/06 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion
F23D 14/26 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
F23N 1/02 - Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
52.
Burner with a perforated flame holder and pre-heat apparatus
According to an embodiment, a combustion system is provided, which includes a nozzle configured to emit a diverging fuel flow, a flame holder positioned in the path of the fuel flow and that includes a plurality of apertures extending therethrough, and a preheat mechanism configured to heat the flame to a temperature exceeding a startup temperature threshold.
F23C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F23N 5/26 - Systems for controlling combustion Details
F27D 11/06 - Induction heating, i.e. in which the material being heated, or its container or elements embodied therein, form the secondary of a transformer
F23D 14/24 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
F23D 11/02 - Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the combustion space being a chamber substantially at atmospheric pressure
F23L 7/00 - Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
F23C 6/04 - Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers in series connection
F23C 9/06 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion
F23D 14/26 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
F23N 1/02 - Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
patents
