The present invention relates to an inkjet ink comprising: a continuous aqueous phase; a dispersed encapsulated pigment consisting of pigment particles encapsulated by a cross-linked polymer coating having pendant hydrophilic groups including hydroxyl groups; and a cross-linking agent having two or more protected reactive groups, wherein the two or more protected reactive groups, when deprotected, are reactive to hydroxyl groups. The present invention also relates to a method of inkjet printing, a dispersion and a printed substrate.
C09D 11/326 - Pigment inks characterised by the pigment dispersant
C09D 11/107 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
The present invention relates to an inkjet ink comprising: a continuous aqueous phase; a dispersed encapsulated pigment comprising pigment particles encapsulated by a cross-linked polymer coating having pendant hydrophilic groups including hydroxyl groups; and a cross-linking agent having two or more protected reactive groups, wherein the two or more protected reactive groups, when deprotected, are reactive to hydroxyl groups. The present invention also relates to a method of inkjet printing, a dispersion and a printed substrate.
C09D 11/326 - Pigment inks characterised by the pigment dispersant
C09D 11/107 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
A composite ion exchange membrane comprising components (a) and (b): (a) a membrane layer comprising ionic groups, two opposing surfaces and optionally a porous support; (b) a layer comprising sulpho groupsbound to at least one of the at least two opposing surfacesof the membrane layer (a); wherein the layer comprising sulpho groupshas a thickness of less than 100nm and the composite ion exchange membranehasa surface zeta potential of 0 to -7.5mV.
B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
B01D 71/40 - Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. salts, amides, imides, nitriles, anhydrides, esters
B01D 71/82 - Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment
6.
MEMBRANES AND PROCESSES FOR THEIR PREPARATION AND USE
A membrane comprising polymer particles fused together and pores between the fused particles, wherein: (a) the polymer particles have an average diameter of 0.1 to 5,000nm; (b) the membrane having a mean flow pore size of 5nm to 5,000nm; and (c) the membrane has been obtained by a process comprising curing a composition comprising: (i) a monomer; (ii) an organic polymerisation retardant; and (iii) an inert solvent; 0.149. The membranes are useful for detecting metal ions and for filtering and/or purifying biomoleculesand compositions comprising metal-ions.
Membranes having an average pore size of 5 nm to 5,000 nm and a porosity of 15% or more, said membrane being obtainable by a process comprising curing a composition comprising: to 64 wt% of (i) a cross-linking agent comprising at least one cationic group; and 36 to 95wt% of (ii) inert solvent(s). The membranes are useful for detecting, filtering and/or purifying biomolecules.
B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
B01D 15/34 - Size-selective separation, e.g. size-exclusion chromatographyGel filtrationPermeation
B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
Membranes having an average pore size of 5 nm to 5,000 nm and a porosity of 10% or more, said membrane being obtainable by a process comprising curing a composition comprising: (i) a cross-linking agent comprising at least one anionic group; and (ii) inert solvent(s). The membranes are useful for detecting metal ions and for filtering and/or purifying biomolecules and compositions comprising metal-ions.
B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
B01D 15/34 - Size-selective separation, e.g. size-exclusion chromatographyGel filtrationPermeation
B01D 15/36 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving ionic interaction, e.g. ion-exchange, ion-pair, ion-suppression or ion-exclusion
B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
A composite membrane comprising (a) a porous support; (b)optionally a gutter layer; (c) a discriminating layer comprising (i) 1 to 99wt% of a polyimide comprising a repeat unit of Formula (1); and (ii) 1 to 99wt% in total of a polyimide comprising a repeat unit of Formula (2) and/or a polymer comprising more than one pendant acrylate group; and (d) optionally a protective layer; wherein L and A are each independently a divalent organic linking group; R1and R2in Formula (2) are each independently H or an alkyl group; and R is a tetravalent linking group other than a group of Formula (I-24) wherein R1and R2in Formula (I-24)are identical to the R1and R2 groups in Formula (2).
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
A process for separating a feed gas comprising a polar gas and a non-polar gas into a permeate gas and a retentate gas, one of which is enriched in the polar gas and the other of which is depleted in the polar gas, the process comprising passing the feed gas through a gas separation module comprising: (i) a feed carrier comprising a membrane envelope and a feed spacer located within the membrane envelope; and (ii) a permeate carrier comprising: (a) a macroporous sheet; and (b) a protective sheet; and wherein: i) the feed gas is fed along the feed spacer of the feed carrier and a part of the feed gas passes through the membrane envelope and into the permeate carrier to give the permeate gas and a part of the feed gas is rejected by the membrane to give the retentate gas; ii) the protective sheet shields at least a part of the membrane envelope from contact with the macroporous sheet; and iii) the protective sheet comprises a non-woven material.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
A method for generating electricity comprising the steps: (A) passing a concentrated ionic solution through a first pathway in a reverse electrodialysis unit comprising a membrane stack having electrodes and alternating cation and anion exchange membranes; and (B) passing a dilute ionic solution through a second pathway in said reverse electrodialysis unit, whereby solute from the concentrated solution in the first pathway passes through the membranes to the dilute solution in the second pathway, thereby generating electricity; wherein: (i) the concentrated ionic solution and the dilute ionic solution each comprise a main salt; and (ii) the main salt present in each of the concentrated ionic solution and the dilute ionic solution as they enter the reverse electrodialysis unit is such that Equation 1 is satisfied: ACc/ACd is at least 1.5 (Equation 1) wherein ACc and ACd are the activity coefficients of the main salts present in the concentrated and dilute ionic solutions when measured at a concentration of 6 mol/kg water at 25°C and at a concentration of 0.5 mol/kg water at 25°C respectively.
H01M 8/22 - Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elementsFuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
C02F 1/469 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
A process for preparing a membrane comprising applying a composition comprising a polyimide to a gas-permeable support and irradiating the composition with UV-C light source to form a discriminating layer on the support, wherein: (i) the UV-C light source emits light having a wavelength in the range 200 to 280nm; (ii) the irradiation is performed for a period of time in the range 0.05 to 60 seconds; and (iii) the irradiation is performed at a power intensity of at least 20 mW/cm2 and no more than 250 mW/cm2
B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
A hydrogel comprising: water; an alginate; a glucono-delta-lactone (GDL); and micropartides comprising an inorganic calcium compound and recombinant gelatin. The hydrogels may be used for bone repair and/or regeneration.
A composite membrane comprising: (a) a porous support; (b) optionally a gutter layer; (c) a polyimide discriminating layer; and (d) a protective layer comprising dialkylsiloxane groups and having an average thickness of 825 to 2,000 nm; wherein the polyimide discriminating layer comprises 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3-phenylene groups, each such group independently having an atom or substituent other than H at the 5-position.
B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
An aqueous ink comprising: from 0.1 to 8 parts by weight of a self-dispersible pigment which comprises a carboxy-functional dispersant crosslinked around a pigment core by a crosslinking agent having at least two groups selected from oxetane, carbodiimide, hydrazide, oxazoline, aziridine, isocyanate, N-methylol, keteneimine, isocyanurate and epoxy groups; from 10 to 25 parts by weight of a first solvent selected from one or more of the group consisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and triethylene glycol; from 2 to 10 parts by weight of a second solvent selected from one or more of the group consisting of 2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2- pyrrolidone, N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone and N,N-dimethylacetamide; from 20 to 45 parts by weight of glycerol; from 4 to 12 parts by weight of a styrene butadiene latex binder and/or a polyurethane latex binder; from 0.1 to 2 parts by weight of an acetylenic surfactant; from 0 to 2 parts by weight of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one; and the balance to 100 parts by weight water. Also ink-jet printing processes, printed materials, ink containers and ink-sets.
C09D 11/102 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
C09D 11/106 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
A process for preparing a composite membrane comprising the steps: a) applying a radiation-curable composition to a porous support; b) irradiating the composition present on the support, thereby forming a gutter layer of cured polymer; c) forming a discriminating layer on the gutter layer; and d) applying a radiation-curable composition to the discriminating layer and irradiating that composition, thereby forming a protective layer on the discriminating layer; wherein one or both of the radiation-curable compositions applied in steps a) and d) comprise a photo acid generator having an absorbency coefficient ε at 313 nm of more than 1x104 mol-1*cm-1. Also claimed are composite membranes and gas separation cartridges comprising the membranes.
B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
Membrane cell stack arrangement comprising a housing, a stack of membranes defining flow compartments and a fluid manifold system, wherein the direction of flow through the flow compartments is different to the direction of flow through entry and exit openings and the width of the entry and exit openings are each larger than 45% of the width of the flow compartment.
An electrode unit comprising: (a)an electrically non-conductive circumferential housing; (b)a current collector; (c)an electrode; (d)optionally a charge barrier;and (e)an electrically conductive connector in electrical contact with the current collector(b); wherein(b), (c) and (d) (when present) are located within the circumference of the circumferential housing (a); the main plane of the part of (e) which is located within the housing (a) is substantially parallel to the main plane of (b), (e)extends beyond the housing (a),the electrode unit further comprises a barrier which prevents fluid passing through a device comprising the electrode unit from coming into contact with the connector (e). Also claimed are stacks, composites devices and their uses.
C02F 1/469 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
An electrode unit comprising: (a) an electrically non-conductive circumferential housing; (b) a current collector; (c) an electrode; (d) optionally a charge barrier; and (e) an electrically conductive connector in electrical contact with the current collector (b); wherein (b), (c) and (d) (when present) are located within the circumference of the circumferential housing (a); the main plane of the part of (e) which is located within the housing (a) is substantially parallel to the main plane of (b), (e) extends beyond the housing (a); and the area of the part of (e) which is located within the housing (a) is less than 30% of the area of (b). Also claimed are stacks, composites devices and their uses.
C02F 1/469 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
A membrane stack comprising the following components: (a) a first ion diluting compartment (D1); (b) a second ion diluting compartment (D2); (c) a first ion concentrating compartment (C1); (d) a second ion concentrating compartment (C2); and (e) a membrane wall (CEM1, mAEM, mCEM, AEM, CEM2) between each compartment and on the outside of the first and last compartment of the stack; wherein: (i) each membrane wall comprises a cation exchange membrane (CEM1, mCEM, CEM2) or an anion exchange membrane (mAEM, AEM) and the order of the cation and anion exchange membranes alternates from each wall to the next; (ii) the membrane walls (mAEM, mCEM) on each side of compartment (a) both have a higher monovalent ion selectivity than the corresponding membrane walls (AEM, CEM2) on each side of compartment (b); and (iii) the stack further comprises a means for communicating fluid between compartments (a) and (b).
C02F 1/469 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
C02F 1/46 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
Membrane cell stack arrangement and method of manufacturing such a membrane cell stack arrangement. The arrangement has a housing (2) having a central axis, and a stack of membrane cells (4), each membrane cell (6) being arranged inside the housing (2) with a major surface (6a) of the membrane cell (6) oriented substantially perpendicular to the central axis. Each membrane cell (6) has a corner recess (12) between each two adjacent sides of at least four sides (10a-d). Sealing compartments (14) are provided by corner recesses (12) of adjacent membrane cells of the stack of membrane cells (4) in co-operation with a part of an inner surface (2a) of the housing (2).
A gas-separation module comprising: a) a permeate collection tube comprising a hollow cylinder provided with perforations oriented along the longitudinal axis of the cylinder; and b) at least seven membrane envelopes wound spirally around the permeate collection tube; wherein: (i) the membrane envelopes each comprise a feed spacer and gas- separation membrane(s), wherein the feed spacer is disposed between the gas-separation membrane(s) to define a feed channel and wherein the feed spacer comprises a polymer having a Tg above 0°C; (ii) the module comprises a permeate channel between each of the membrane envelopes in gas-communication with the perforations; and (iii) the permeate collection tube and the membrane envelopes are disposed such that when the module is in use, feed gas entering the feed channel can pass through the perforations only after passing through the gas- separation membranes from the feed channel to the permeate channel. Also claimed are gas separation units and a process for separating gases.
A process for printing on a textile substrate comprising the steps of: (I) preparing an ink comprising the following components: (a) from 1 to 8 parts of a self-dispersible pigment which comprises a carboxy-functional dispersant crosslinked around a pigment core by a crosslinking agent having at least two groups selected from oxetane, carbodiimide, hydrazide, oxazoline, aziridine, isocyanate, N-methylol, keteneimine, isocyanurate and epoxy groups; (b) from 0 to 16 parts of a binder selected from one or more of an acrylic latex binder, a styrene acrylic latex binder and a styrene butadiene latex binder wherein the binder has a Tg in the range of from -25°C to 35°C; (c) from 1 to 30 parts of one or more water-miscible organic solvents (d) from 0.1 to 3 parts of a surfactant; (e) from 0 to 5 parts of biocide; (f) from 0 to 10 parts of a viscosity modifier; (g) from 0 to 10 parts of a polyurethane latex binder with a Tg in the range of from -25°C to 35°C; (h) from 0 to 6 parts of a cross linking agent; and (i) the balance to 100 parts water: (II) optionally preparing a latex binders solution comprising; i) from 1 to 16 parts of one or more latex binders selected from an acrylic latex binder, a styrene acrylic latex binder and a styrene butadiene latex binder where the latex binder(s) have a Tg in the range of from -25°C to 35°C; ii) from 0 to 6 parts of a polyurethane latex binder; and iii) from 0 to 5 parts of a cross linking agent: (III) printing the ink prepared in step (I) on to a textile substrate using a ink jet printer with a single pass print head and optionally pre-printing or overprinting with the latex binder solution from step (II) (IV) curing the printed textile substrate from step (III): provided that if component (b) in the ink prepared in step (a) is 0 then optional step (II) is compulsory. Also inks, ink-sets, ink containers and ink-jet printers.
C09D 11/106 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
A radiation-curable composition comprising: a)10 to 65 wt% of curable ionic compound(s) comprising one ethylenically unsaturated group; b)3 to 60 wt% of crosslinking agent(s) comprising at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups and having a number average molecular weight below 800; c)5 to 55 wt% of inert solvent(s) having a boiling point above 100°C; d)0 to 10 wt% of free-radical initiator(s); and e)0.5 to 25wt% of thickening agent(s).
A process for preparing an encapsulated pigment dispersion suitable for use in an ink jet printing ink comprising the following steps in the order I) followed by II): I)providing a dispersion comprising a pigment, a liquid medium and a dispersant having a WAMW of up to 50,000 Daltons obtained by copolymerising a monomer composition comprising components a) and b): a) from 75 to 97 parts of one or more hydrophobic ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising at least 50 parts benzyl (meth) acrylate; and b) from 3 to 25 parts one or more hydrophilic ethylenically unsaturated monomers having one or more ionic group(s); wherein the parts are by weight and the sum of the parts a) and b) add up to 100; II) cross-linking the dispersant in the presence of the pigment and the liquid medium.
C09D 11/107 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
B01F 17/00 - Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
C09D 11/326 - Pigment inks characterised by the pigment dispersant
C09B 67/00 - Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing, properties of dyestuffs without chemical reaction, e.g. by treating with solventsProcess features in the making of dyestuff preparationsDyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
A composite ion exchange membrane obtainable by a process comprising reacting an ionically-charged membrane with a composition comprising: (a) a monofunctional ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an ionic charge opposite to the charge of the ionically-charged membrane; and (b) a crosslinking agent comprising two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups; wherein the molar ratio of (b):(a) is lower than 0.04 or is zero.
A method for printing on a water-soluble material which comprises the following steps: a) ink jet printing an ink onto a water-soluble material so as to form an image wherein the ink comprises a self-dispersible pigment which comprises a carboxy-functional dispersant crosslinked around a pigment core by a cross-linking agent having at least two groups selected from oxetane, carbodiimide, hydrazide, oxazoline, aziridine, isocyanate, N-methylol, keteneimine, isocyanurate and epoxy groups; b) overprinting the image formed in step A) with a water soluble overprint varnish, also printed material and inks. Also inks, ink-sets and printed water-soluble material.
C09D 11/326 - Pigment inks characterised by the pigment dispersant
C09D 11/54 - Inks based on two liquids, one liquid being the ink, the other liquid being a reaction solution, a fixer or a treatment solution for the ink
C09D 11/40 - Ink-sets specially adapted for multi-colour inkjet printing
B41M 7/00 - After-treatment of printed works, e.g. heating, irradiating
A composite ion exchange membrane comprising a cationically-charged membrane and an oppositely charged compound covalently bound thereto, the composite ion exchange membrane having: (i) a zeta-potential lower than -8mV; and (ii) an effective charge lower than 20µmol/m2.
A composite membrane comprising: (A) a porous support; (B) optionally a gutter layer; (C) a first discriminating layer; (D) an outermost layer; and (E) a non-discriminating layer interposed between the first discriminating layer (C) and the outermost layer (D); wherein the outermost layer (D) is a discriminating layer comprising a polyimide polymer.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
A curable composition comprising the components (i) 0 to 60 wt% non-ionic crosslinker(s); (ii) 20 to 85 wt% curable ionic compound(s) comprising an anionic group and at least one ethylenically unsaturated group; (iii) 15 to 45 wt% solvent(s); (iv) 0 to 10 wt% of photoinitiator(s); and (v) 2 to 45 wt% of structure modifier(s); wherein the molar ratio of component (v) : (ii) is 0.25 to 0.65. The compositions are useful for preparing membranes for (reverse) electrodialysis.
C09D 4/00 - Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond
C09D 133/14 - Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
A method for preparing a transparent sheet material comprising an organic, polymeric substrate and inorganic layers on each side of the substrate, the method comprising the steps of: a)providing an apparatus for generating a glow discharge plasma, said apparatus comprising at least two opposing electrodes, a power supply for the electrodes and a treatment space between the electrodes; b)providing the treatment space with a gas mixture at about atmospheric pressure, the gas mixture comprising a reactive gas and a precursor; and c)moving a transparent substrate through the treatment space comprising the gas mixture at an average speed of at least 1 m/min while applying an electrical potential across the electrodes, thereby generating a glow discharge plasma in the treatment space and depositing an inorganic layer on one or both sides of the substrate; wherein the electrodes apply a discharge energy to the substrate of less than 25 J/cm2.
C23C 16/515 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using pulsed discharges
C23C 16/54 - Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
C08J 7/00 - Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
A transparent sheet material comprising an organic, polymeric substrate and inorganic layers on each side of the substrate, wherein the overall thickness of the inorganic layer(s) on each side of the substrate is less than 5nm
C23C 16/509 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using radio frequency discharges using internal electrodes
C23C 16/54 - Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating
C23C 16/30 - Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
An ink comprising: (a) from 0.5 to 5 parts of a self-dispersible pigment; (b) from 1 to 10 parts of a styrene acrylic latex binder and/or styrene butadiene latex; (c) from 0 to 5 parts of a glycol selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol,dipropylene glycolor triethylene glycol; (d) from 1 to 10 parts of 2-pyrrolidone; (e) from 1 to 15 parts of glycerol; (f) from 0.1to 3 parts of an acetylenic surfactant; (g) from 0.001 to 5 parts of biocide; (h) from 0 to 10 parts of a viscosity modifier; and (i) the balance to 100 parts water. Also an ink-jet printing process, a printed substrate, an ink-jet printer ink container and an ink-jet printer with a re-circulating printer head.
C09D 11/106 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
An ink comprising: (a)from 1to25 parts of titanium dioxide pigment; (b)from 0to 8parts of a styrene butadiene latex binder; (c)from 0 to 8 parts of a polyurethane latex binder; (d)from 0 to 5 parts of a glycol selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol,dipropylene glycolor triethylene glycol; (e)from 1 to 10 parts of 2-pyrrolidone; (f)from 1 to 10 parts of glycerol; (g)from 0.01to 2parts ofan acetylenic surfactant; (h)from 0.001 to 5 parts of biocide; (i)from 0 to 10 parts of a viscosity modifier; and (j)the balance to 100 parts water; provided that (b) plus (c) is greater than 0. Also ink jet printing processes, ink-jet ink containers, printed substrates and ink-jet printers.
C09D 11/102 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
C09D 11/106 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
An ink comprising: (a) 0.5to 5parts of a self-dispersible pigment; (b) 2 to 8parts of a styrene acrylic latex binderand/or a styrene butadiene latex binder; (c) 0.5 to 5 parts of a polyurethane latex binder; (d) 0 to 5 parts of a glycol selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol,dipropylene glycolor triethylene glycol; (e) 1 to 10 parts of 2-pyrrolidone; (f) 1 to 15 parts of glycerol; (g) 0.1to 3 parts ofacetylenic surfactant; (h) 0.001 to 5 parts of biocide; (i) 0 to 10 parts of a viscosity modifier; and (j) the balance to 100 parts water. Also ink jet printing processes, ink-jet ink containers,printed substrates and ink-jet printers.
C09D 11/102 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
C09D 11/106 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
A process for printing on a water-soluble material using a self-dispersible pigment which comprises a carboxy-functional dispersant crosslinked around a pigment core by a crosslinking agent having at least two groups selected from oxetane, carbodiimide, hydrazide, oxazoline, aziridine, isocyanate, N-methylol, keteneimine, isocyanurate and epoxy groups. Also inks, ink-sets, printed material and ink-jet printers.
A method for preparing an ionically-charged membrane comprising the steps (1) applying a film of curable composition to a support; (2) curing the film of curable composition to give anionically-charged membrane; and (3) removing the ionically-charged membrane from the support; wherein the curable composition comprises a) 5 to 50wt% of curable compound comprising one ethylenically unsaturated group and anionic group; b)10 to 70wt% of crosslinking agent comprising at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups and having a molecular weight of at least 500 dalton per ethylenically unsaturated group; and c) 5 to 60wt% of inert solvent.
A process for preparing a membrane stack comprising the steps of: (i)interposing a curable adhesive between alternate anion exchange membranes and cation exchange; and (ii)curing the adhesive; CHARACTERISED IN THAT said adhesive, when cured, has a Shore A hardness of less than 70 and an elongation at break of at least 50%.
A process for preparing a membrane stack comprising the steps of (i) interposing a curable adhesive between alternate anion exchange membranes and cation exchange; and (ii) curing the adhesive; CHARACTERISED IN THAT said membranes are in a swollen state when step (ii) is performed.
C09D 11/326 - Pigment inks characterised by the pigment dispersant
C09B 67/00 - Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing, properties of dyestuffs without chemical reaction, e.g. by treating with solventsProcess features in the making of dyestuff preparationsDyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
A disposable, crossflow membrane stack suitable for use in an ion exchange unit, the stack comprising alternate dilution compartments and concentration compartments, each compartment being defined by a flat cation-permeable membrane (2) and a flat anion-permeable membrane (1) and at least two edges along which the cation- permeable and an anion-permeable membranes are permanently secured together wherein the cation-permeable membranes and/ or the anion-permeable membranes have a textured surface profile which keep said membranes apart and/or from touching each other and wherein the edges secured together define the direction in which liquid may flow through the compartments. Also claimed are ion exchange units comprising the stack, optionally comprising a quick- release securement means to allow facile attachment and release of modular units comprising the stacks.
A process for preparing an ion-exchange membrane having a textured surface profile comprising the steps(i) and (ii): (i) screen-printing a radiation-curable composition onto a membrane in a patterned manner; and (ii) irradiating and thereby curing the printed, radiation-curable composition; wherein the radiation-curable composition has a viscosity of at least 30 Pa.s when measured at a shear rate of 0.1 s-1 at 20°C.
A gas separation module comprising gas separation elements, said elements comprising at least two membrane sheets and a permeate carrier sandwiched between the membrane sheets, wherein the permeate carrier comprises at least two macroporous layers and a gas-impermeable sheet located between the macroporous layers.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
A gas separation module comprising one or more gas separation elements, said elements comprising at least two membrane sheets and a permeate carrier sandwiched between the membrane sheets, wherein the contact area of the membrane sheets with the permeate carrier is less than 50%.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
A composite gas membrane comprising: a) a porous support; b) an activated gutter layer; c) a discriminating layer located on the gutter layer;and d)optionally a protective layer on the discriminating layer; wherein the said layers remain in place when a peeling force of 2.5 N/1.5 cm is applied to the outermost of said layers.
A composite membrane comprising: a) a porous support; b) a gutter layer; and c) a discriminating layer which satisfies Formula (1): wherein: Ø is <4; x is the arithmetic mean of N measurements of the thickness of the discriminating layer and has a value of between 30 and 150nm; N is at least 100; xlow_meas is the thickness in nm of an individual measurement of thickness within the N measurements; x > xlow_meas > 0; and n is the number of individual thickness measurements where x > xlow_meas, > 0
A membrane envelope stack for gas separation comprising membrane envelopes bonded together by means of an adhesive having a tensile E-modulus of at least 1600N/mm2 and/or an elongation at break of 20% or less and/or a Tg of at least 50°C.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
A gas separation module comprising: (a) a permeate collection tube; (b) a membrane envelope wound spirally around the tube to provide a wound membrane structure comprising two end faces; and (c) an anti-telescoping device (ATD) secured to the permeate collection tube, the ATD comprising: (i) an inner peripheral part, (ii) an outer peripheral part which surrounds the inner peripheral part, (iii) one or more connection parts which connect the inner peripheral part and the outer peripheral part and which contacts with one of said end faces; (iv) vents which allow gas to flow through the ATD; wherein the ATD satisfies Formula (1): (L CP -L contact )/(L VENT ) = R Formula (1) wherein: Ris from 1.47to 1.88; L VENT is the cross sectional area of the vents which allow gas to flow through the ATD; L CP is the total area inside the outer peripheral part; and L contact is the contact area of the connection parts and the end face of the wound membrane envelope. Clamps are also claimed.
A membrane envelope comprising a feed spacer, one or more membrane sheets and an adhesive, to give a glue line laminate having a tensile E-modulus of at least 1600N/mm2 and/or an elongation at break of 13% or less.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
A polymeric dispersant obtained or obtainable by copolymerizing a monomer composition comprising at least the components: i) benzyl (meth)acrylate; ii) propylene glycol (meth)acrylate; wherein the weight ratio of component i) to component ii) is greater than 10:1.
G01D 11/00 - Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable
C09D 133/10 - Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
C08F 220/18 - Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
C09D 11/107 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
An electrodialysis unit comprising at least two electrodialysis stacks (ED1 and ED2) connected in series,wherein: (a)stacks ED1 and ED2 comprise anion exchange membranes and cation exchange membranes; and (b) the anion exchange membranes in stack ED1 have a lower electrical resistance than the anion exchange membranes in stack ED2 and the cation exchange membranes in stack ED1 have a lower electrical resistance than the cation exchange membranes in stack ED2. Also claimed is a process for purifying liquids, e.g. for desalinating sea water or brackish water.
C02F 1/469 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
A composition comprising: a)5to 65wt% of curable compoundcomprising one ethylenically unsaturated group and at least one anionic group; b)2.5 to 70wt% of crosslinking agent comprising at least two acrylic groups; c)a tertiary amine; and d)0 to 45wt% of inert solvent; wherein the molar ratio of component c) to a) is at least 0.7. Also described are a process for making composite membranes and the resultant membranes.
An ink comprising: (a) from 1to 25 parts of surface treated titanium dioxide; (b) from 8 to 25 parts of a first solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and dipropylene glycol; (c) from 2 to 12 parts of a second solvent selected from the group consisting of 2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-cyclohexyl- 2-pyrrolidone and N,N-dimethylacetamide; (d) from 15 to 45 parts of glycerol; (e) from 0.1to 2 parts of an acetylenic surfactant; (f) from 0.001 to 2 parts of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one; (g) from 0 to 20 parts of polymer particles; and (h) the balance to 100 parts water.
2 is H or an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl group; ii) a diisocyanate; iii) optionally an isocyanate reactive compound; and then reacting the pre-polymer with at least component iv): iv) one or more compounds selected from an organic amine, alcohol or thiol provided that at least one of the organic compounds in component iv) has at least one ionic group.
C09D 11/102 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
C09D 11/326 - Pigment inks characterised by the pigment dispersant
A process for preparing a dispersion comprising the stages: i) providing a dispersion comprising a particulate solid, a liquid medium and a dispersant having cross-linkable groups and a weight averaged molecular weight of from 1,000 to 70,000; and ii) cross-linking the dispersant in the presence of the particulate solid and the liquid medium thereby preparing a dispersion of an encapsulated particulate solid, wherein the cross-linking is performed such that 0.01 to 0.5 mmoles of cross-linkable groups in the dispersant are cross-linked per g of dispersant; said process also comprising at any stage: iii) adding a metal chelating agent to the dispersion; and after stage iii) the stage of: iv) removing at least some of the metal chelating agent from the dispersion.
C09D 11/326 - Pigment inks characterised by the pigment dispersant
C09B 67/00 - Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing, properties of dyestuffs without chemical reaction, e.g. by treating with solventsProcess features in the making of dyestuff preparationsDyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
B01F 17/00 - Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
An ink comprising: (a) 0.1 to 10 parts of a self-dispersible pigment; (b) 5 to 15 parts of a polymeric latex binder with a glass transition temperature in the range of from 0°C to -30°C; (c) 5 to 15 parts of one or more polar organic solvent(s) with a solubility parameter at 25°C greater than 27.5; (d) 0 to 3 parts of an acetylenic diol surfactant; (e) 0 to 5 parts of biocide; (f) 0 to 10 parts of a viscosity modifier; (g) 0 to 5 parts of one or more organic solvents with a solubility parameter at 25°C less than 27.5; (h) 0 to 5 parts of a cross linking agent; and (i) the balance to 100 parts water; wherein the ratio of latex binder to total solvent is in the range of from 1:3 to 3:1. Also ink jet printing processes, ink-jet ink containers, printed substrates and ink-jet printers.
An ink-jet printing process where the ink is printed onto a substrate using an ink-jet printer with an ink re-circulating print-head and where the ink comprises: (a) 0.1 to 10 parts of a self-dispersible pigment; (b) 1 to 20 parts of a latex binder; (c) 5 to 15 parts of one or more polar organic solvent(s) with a solubility parameter at 25°C greater than 27.5; (d) 0.1 to 3 parts of a surfactant; (e) 0.001 to 5 parts of biocide; (f) 0 to 10 parts of a viscosity modifier; (g) 0 to 5 parts of one or more organic solvents with a solubility parameter at 25°C less than 27.5; (h) 0 to 5 parts of a cross linking agent; (i) the balance to 100 parts water: and where the face plate of the ink re-circulating print-head shows a contact angle with water of less than 90°. Also printed substrates, inks, ink-jet ink containers and ink- jet printers.
2 is H or an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl group; Z is an HO— group or a group of the Formula (2) or (3); Formula (2) wherein: L is —HN—, —O— or —S—; X is an optionally substituted organic group; Formula (3) wherein: each X independently is an optionally substituted organic group; in both Formulae (2) and (3) the asterisk (*) signifies the point of attachment to the triazine ring: ii) a diisocyanate; iii) an isocyanate reactive compound having at least one ionic group.
C08G 18/34 - Carboxylic acidsEsters thereof with monohydroxyl compounds
C08G 18/38 - Low-molecular-weight compounds having hetero atoms other than oxygen
C08G 18/75 - Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic
C09D 11/102 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
C09D 11/326 - Pigment inks characterised by the pigment dispersant
A process for the preparation of a dispersion, comprising: dispersing a composition comprising a particulate solid, a liquid medium and a dispersant; wherein the dispersant is obtained by a process comprising at least the steps a) and b): a) co-polymerising a monomer composition comprising at least the components i) and ii) so as to form a phospho-ester functional polymer: i) a monomer having at least one phospho-ester group and two groups independently selected from hydroxyl, amino, thiol and hydrazo groups, ii) a diisocyanate; and b) hydrolysing at least some of the phospho-ester groups in the phospho-ester functional polymer so as to result in a dispersant having phosphorus containing anionic groups.
C09D 11/326 - Pigment inks characterised by the pigment dispersant
C09D 11/102 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
An ink comprising: (a) from 1 to 20 parts of surface treated titanium dioxide; (b) from 20 to 70 parts of viscosity modifier; (c) from 5 to 30 parts of one or more water miscible polar organic solvent(s); (d) from 0.1 to 3 parts of surfactant; (e) from 0.001 to 5 parts of biocide; (f) from 0 to 20 parts of polymer particles; (g) the balance to 100 parts water; wherein the ink has a viscosity in the range of from 10 to 25 mPa.s when measured at 32°C using a Brookfield spindle SOO at 3 or 12 rpm depending on whether the viscosity is < or > 16 mPa.s. Also ink jet printing processes, printed substrates, ink containers and ink-jet printers.
A gas separation membrane comprising a porous support and a discriminating layer, wherein the discriminating layer comprises (i) a polyimide layer having acid groups and (ii) an organic polyamine, wherein the organic polyamine crosslinks the acid groups of the polyimide predominantly by means of non-covalent crosslinking.
A gas separation membrane obtained by a process comprising modifying a polyimide discriminating layer having acid groups, the process comprising the step of crosslinking the acid groups with an organic polyamine, CHARACTERISED IN THAT the organic polyamine has an Mw of at least 400 KDa and the process is performed such that said crosslinking is predominantly non-covalent crosslinking. The process results in gas separation membranes having good gas flux, selectivity and low cratering.
A process for preparing a polymer comprising reacting at least the compounds in components i) and ii): i) a compound of the Formula (1); wherein: R1 to R4, A1 and A2, Z and L are as defined in claim 1; ii) a compound of the Formula (2): wherein T, D, E, R5 and R6 and n are as defined in claim 1. The polym useful for dispersing particulate solids, e.g. pigments in ink jet printing inks.
C08G 73/06 - Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromoleculePolyhydrazidesPolyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
Amethod for generating electricity comprising the steps: (A) feeding a concentrated ionic solution through a first pathway in a reverse electrodialysis unit comprising a membrane stack having electrodes and alternating cation and anion exchange membranes; and (B) feeding a dilute ionic solution through a second pathway in said reverse electrodialysis unit;and (C)regenerating the concentrated and dilute ionic solutions from solution(s) exiting from the reverse electrodialysis unit and recycling said regenerated concentrated and dilute ionic solutions back through said reverse electrodialysis unit; wherein: (i)as the concentrated and dilute ionic solutions pass through their respective pathways, solute migrates from the concentrated ionic solution through the membranes to the dilute ionic solution, thereby generating electricity; (ii)the method comprises the further step (D) of alternating which of the first and second pathways carries the said concentrated and dilute ionic solutions, and/or bringing at least one of said solutions into contact with a biocide and/or irradiating at least one of said solutions with ultraviolet light.
H01M 8/22 - Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elementsFuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
A method for generating electricity comprising the steps: (A) passing a concentrated ionic solution through a first pathway in a reverse electrodialysis unit comprising a membrane stack having electrodes and alternating cation and anion exchange membranes; and (B) passing a dilute ionic solution through a second pathway in said reverse electrodialysis unit, whereby solute from the concentrated solution in the first pathway passes through the membranes to the dilute solution in the second pathway, thereby generating electricity; wherein the concentration of solute in the dilute ionic solution as it enters the reverse electrodialysis unit is at least 0.03mol/l.
H01M 8/22 - Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elementsFuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
66.
METHOD OF TREATING A POROUS SUBSTRATE AND MANUFACTURE OF A MEMBRANE
Method of treating a substrate (11), comprising: • providing a treatment space (5) between at least two opposing electrodes (2,3), filling the treatment space with a gas composition, • placing the substrate, which is a porous substrate, in the treatment space, generating an atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma between the at least two opposing electrodes, and • subjecting the porous substrate to the atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma, thereby creating micro-pores uniformly throughout the porous substrate, • wherein the atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma in the treatment space has a specific energy of 10 J/cm or higher, and wherein the treatment space comprises oxygen in the range of 0.1 to 21 % vol.%. The resultant substrates are useful for ion exchange.
An ink composition comprising: a) 0.2 to 20 parts of one or more glycols selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol or dipropylene glycol; b) 30 to 50 parts of glycerol; c) 0.5 to 10 parts of 2-pyrrolidone; d) 0.5 to 9 parts of colorant; e) 30 to 70 parts of water; f) 0 to 3 parts of surfactant; g) 0 to 5 parts biocide; wherein all parts are by weight. Also ink-sets, printing processes and printed material.
A process for preparing a composite membrane comprising the steps of: a) applying a radiation-curable composition to a porous support; b) irradiating the composition and thereby forming a layer of cured polymer of thickness 20 to 400nm on the support; c) forming a discriminating layer on the layer of cured polymer; and d) optionally forming a protective layer on the discriminating layer; wherein the radiation-curable composition comprises a partially crosslinked, radiation-curable polymer comprises dialkylsiloxane groups. Composite membranes are also claimed.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
B01D 71/70 - Polymers having silicon in the main chain, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
A composite membrane comprising: a.a porous support; b.a polymeric layer comprising dialkylsiloxane groups and a metal, the polymeric layer being present on the porous support; c.a discriminating layer present on the polymeric layer; and d.optionally a protective layer present on the discriminating layer whereinthe polymeric layer has a molar ratio of metal:silicon of at least 0.0005.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
B01D 71/70 - Polymers having silicon in the main chain, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
70.
GAS SEPARATION MEMBRANE WITH CROSS-LINKED DIALKYLSILOXANE IN INTERMEDIATE LAYER|AND THE PREPARATION THEREOF
A composite membrane comprising: a. a porous support; and b. a polymeric layer present on the porous support; wherein the polymeric layer comprises dialkylsiloxane groups and hydroxyalkylene groups, and wherein the hydroxyalkylene groups comprise a carbon atom (A) carrying a hydroxy group and a carbon atom (B) carrying a group of Formula -X(C=Y)n- wherein X and Y are each independently 0 or S, n is 0 or 1 and carbon atoms (A) and (B) are separated by one or two covalent bonds.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
B01D 71/70 - Polymers having silicon in the main chain, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
A process for preparing a composite membrane comprising the steps: a)applying a radiation-curable composition to a porous support; b)irradiating the composition andthereby forming a gutter layer of cured polymer; and c)forming a discriminating layer on the gutter layer; wherein the radiation-curable composition comprises a partially crosslinked, radiation-curable polymer comprising epoxygroups and siloxane groups, a photoinitiator and is substantially free from mono-epoxy compounds. Composite membranes and gas separation cartridges are also claimed.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
A composite membrane comprising: a) a porous support; b) a gutter layer, a portion of which is present within the support and a portion of which is outside of the support; and c) a discriminating layer on the gutter layer; wherein: (i) the portion of the gutter layer outside of the support has an average thickness (GLe) of 10nm to 900nm; and (ii) the portion of the gutter layer present within the support has an average thickness (GLi) of 10% to 350% of GLe.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
73.
COMPOSITE GAS SEPARATION MEMBRANE WITH DIALKYLSILOXANE INTERMEDIATE LAYER
A composite membrane comprising: (a) a porous support; (b) a gutter layer; (c) a discriminating layer having an average thickness of at most90 nm; and (d) a protective layer having an average thickness 150 nm to 600 nm comprising dialkylsiloxane groups.
B01D 71/70 - Polymers having silicon in the main chain, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
A composite membrane comprising: a) a porous support; b) a gutter layer; and c) a discriminating layer; wherein at least 10% of the discriminating layer is intermixed with the gutter layer.
B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
Method and apparatus for manufacturing a barrier layer on a substrate (1; 1a, 1b). An inorganic oxide layer (11) having a pore volume between 0.3 and 10 vol. % is provided on the substrate (1; 1a, 1b). Subsequently the substrate (1; 1a, 1b) with the inorganic oxide layer (11) is treated in an atmospheric glow discharge plasma to form a sealing layer (12), the plasma being generated by at least two electrodes (2, 3) in a treatment space (5) formed between the at least two electrodes (2, 3). The treatment space (5) comprises in operation a mixture of a gas comprising oxygen and precursor material in an amount between 2 and 50 ppm. A local deposition rate is controlled at 5 nm/sec or lower, using a power density of 10 W/cm2 or higher in the treatment space (5).
C23C 16/509 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using radio frequency discharges using internal electrodes
C23C 16/54 - Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating
H01L 51/52 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED) - Details of devices
A process for preparing a membrane comprising applying a curable composition to a porous support and curing the composition, wherein the composition comprises: a)a curable ionic compound; b)a first crosslinking agent; c)a second crosslinking agent; d)an inert solvent; and e)optionally a free radical initiator; wherein the second crosslinking agent has a melting point below 80°C. Also claimed are the compositions and membranes obtainable by using the process.
A polymeric dispersant obtained or obtainable by copolymerising a monomer composition comprising at least the components: i)benzyl (meth)acrylate; ii)propylene glycol (meth)acrylate; wherein the weight ratio of component i) to component ii) is greater than 10:1.
A process for preparing a dispersion of encapsulated solid particles in a predominantly organic liquid vehicle, comprising the following steps: i) providing a dispersion comprising a particulate solid, a liquid medium and a polymeric dispersant having at least 3.0 mmoles of reactive groups per g of dispersant; ii) cross-linking the polymeric dispersant via at least some, but not all, of the reactive groups, said cross-linking being performed in the presence of the particulate solid and the liquid medium and resulting in the encapsulation of each solid particle with a cross-linked polymeric dispersant shell; iii) covalently bonding an end-capping agent to the polymeric dispersant via the reactive groups; said process being such that the final organic liquid vehicle comprises one or more organic liquids and optionally water, provided that water is present at no more than 30% by weight based on the dispersion.
C09B 67/00 - Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing, properties of dyestuffs without chemical reaction, e.g. by treating with solventsProcess features in the making of dyestuff preparationsDyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
A process for the preparation of a dispersion, comprising: dispersing a composition comprising a particulate solid, a liquid medium and a dispersant; wherein the dispersant is obtained by a process comprising at least the steps a) and b): a)co-polymerising a monomer composition comprising at least the components i) and ii) so as to form a phospho-ester functional polymer: i)a monomer having at least one phospho-ester group and two groups independently selected from hydroxyl, amino, thiol and hydrazo groups. ii)a diisocyanate; and b) hydrolysing at least some of the phospho-ester groups in the phospho- ester functional polymer so as to result in a dispersant having phosphorus containing anionic groups.
A process for preparing a dispersion comprising the stages: i) providing a dispersion comprising a particulate solid, a liquid medium and a dispersant having cross-linkable groups and a weight averaged molecular weight of from 1,000 to 70,000; and ii) cross-linking the dispersant in the presence of the particulate solid and the liquid medium thereby preparing a dispersion of an encapsulated particulate solid, wherein the cross-linking is performed such that 0.01 to 0.5 mmoles of cross-linkable groups in the dispersant are cross-linked per g of dispersant; said process also comprising at any stage: iii) adding a metal chelating agent to the dispersion; and after stage iii) the stage of: iv) removing at least some of the metal chelating agent from the dispersion.
B01F 17/00 - Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
C09B 67/00 - Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing, properties of dyestuffs without chemical reaction, e.g. by treating with solventsProcess features in the making of dyestuff preparationsDyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
85.
A METHOD FOR PRODUCING A COATING BY ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE PLASMA TECHNOLOGY
Method and apparatus for manufacturing a barrier layer (1b) on a substrate. The apparatus comprises an atmospheric pressure glow discharge (APGD) plasma apparatus having at least two electrodes (2, 3) arranged to generate an atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma in a treatment space (5) formed between said two electrodes (2, 3), and an atomic layer deposition (ALD) device. The apparatus is arranged to provide an inorganic oxide layer (1a) on the substrate (1) using the atmospheric pressure glow discharge (APGD) plasma apparatus, and to provide a consecutive deposition (1b) of between 1 and 70 atomic layers on the inorganic oxide layer (1a) using the ALD device. The result is a flexible barrier substrate having excellent water vapor transmission ratio, which is able to be manufactured efficiently.
C23C 16/455 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into the reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in the reaction chamber
C23C 16/02 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated
C23C 16/54 - Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating
86.
PROCESS FOR PREPARING A PARTICULATE SOLID AND A PARTICULATE SOLID
A process for preparing a particulate solid comprising the steps: a) aggregating a dispersion comprising the particles i), ii) and a liquid medium: i) 25 to 50 parts by weight of non-polymeric particles having an average particle size of from 1 to 10 micronsand having a density of no more than 4g/cm3; ii) 50 to 75 parts by weight of polymer particles having an average particle size of from 50 to 150nm; b)optionally stabilising the aggregated particles; c) heating the aggregated particles so as to cause particle coalescence.
C08J 3/215 - Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring in the presence of a liquid phase the polymer being premixed with a liquid phase at least one additive being also premixed with a liquid phase
A process for preparing a dispersion of encapsulated solid particles in a liquid medium is described, which includes providing a dispersion comprising solid particles, a liquid medium and a polymer comprising at least one repeat unit of the Formula (1) or a salt thereof:
3, A and m are as defined.
A process for ink jet printing an image on a substrate is described, which includes applying to the substrate a composition including a liquid medium, a pigment and a polymer having a chain of the Formula (1) or a salt thereof:
3, A, m and n are as defined, and the polymer having a chain of Formula (1) or salt thereof is used to comminute the pigment.
C08G 65/333 - Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing nitrogen
C08G 73/06 - Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromoleculePolyhydrazidesPolyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
C09D 179/04 - Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chainPolyhydrazidesPolyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
A process for making a composite membrane comprising the steps: (i) providing a moving poriferous support (1) impregnated with a curable composition, wherein the composition is present in the pores of the support and on a surface of the support; (ii) scraping or squeezing the poriferous support and thereby removing at least some of the curable composition (2) from the surface of the support; and (iii) after performing step (ii), irradiating the support, thereby curing the composition present therein. Composite membranes are also claimed having a surface layer thickness of below 0,5 microns.
B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
A membrane obtainable from curing a composition comprising: (i) a curable compound comprising at least two (meth)acrylic groups and a sulphonic acid group and having a molecular weight which satisfies the equation: MW < (300 + 300n) wherein: MW is the molecular weight of the said curable compound; and n has a value of 1, 2, 3 or 4 and is the number of sulphonic acid groups present in the said curable compound; and optionally (ii) a curable compound having one ethylenically unsaturated group; wherein the molar fraction of curable compounds comprising at least two (meth)acrylic groups, relative to the total number of moles of curable compounds present in the composition, is at least 0.25.
A membrane obtainable from curing a composition comprising (i) a curable compound comprising at least two acrylic groups and a quaternary ammonium group; (ii) solvent; and optionally (iii) a curable compound having one ethylenically unsaturated group.
A process for preparing a polymer comprising reacting at least the components i), ii) and optionally iii) to form a pre-polymer: i) a compound of the Formula (1); wherein: T1 and T2 are each independently HO-, HS- or HNR1-; Q1 and Q2 independently are -NR2-; A1 and A2 independently are an optionally substituted divalent organic linking group; Z is a halogen; R1 when present is H or an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl group; R2 is H or an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl group; ii) a diisocyanate; iii) optionally an isocyanate reactive compound; and then reacting the pre-polymer with at least component iv): iv) one or more compounds selected from an organic amine, alcohol or thiol provided that at least one of the organic compounds in component iv) has at least one ionic group.
A process for preparing a polymer comprising reacting at least the components i) to iii) in any order: i) a compound of the Formula (1): Formula (1) wherein: T1 and T2 independently are HO-, HS- or R1HN-; Q1 and Q2 independently are -NR2-; A1 and A2 independently are an optionally substituted divalent organic linking group; R1 when present is H or an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl group; R2 is H or an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl group; Z is an HO- group or a group of the Formula (2) or (3); Formula (2) wherein: L is -HN-, -O- or -S-; X is an optionally substituted organic group; Formula (3) wherein: each X independently is an optionally substituted organic group; in both Formulae (2) and (3) the asterisk (*) signifies the point of attachment to the triazine ring: ii) a diisocyanate; iii) an isocyanate reactive compound having at least one ionic group.
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a barrier layer on a substrate, the method comprising: - providing a substrate with an inorganic oxide layer having a pore volume between 0.3 and 10 vol. %; - treating said substrate with an inorganic oxide layer in a glow discharge plasma, said plasma being generated by at least two electrodes in a treatment space formed between said two electrodes, said treatment space also being provided with a gas comprising Nitrogen compounds; and - the treating of the substrate in said treatment space is done at a temperature below 150°C, e.g. below 100°C. The invention further provides a device for manufacturing a barrier layer on a substrate.
A process for printing an ink onto a substrate wherein: the ink comprises an encapsulated particulate solid and a liquid vehicle; the encapsulated particulate solid comprises a particulate solid encapsulated with a cross-linked dispersant shell; and the ink is printed onto a substrate which is or comprises corrugated paper.
An ink comprising an encapsulated particulate solid and a liquid vehicle wherein: I) the encapsulated particulate solid comprises a particulate solid encapsulated with a cross-linked dispersant shell; and II) the ink comprises the components: a.from 0.1 to 20 parts of the encapsulated particulate solid; b.from 20 to 40 parts of glycerol; c.from 1 to 30 parts of ethylene glycol; d.from 0 to 20 parts of 2-pyrrolidone; e.from 0.01 to 3 parts of surfactant; f.from 0 to 10 parts of water-soluble polymer; g.from 0 to 20 parts of polymer particles; h.from 0 to 2 parts of biocide; i.from 20 to 75 parts of water; wherein all the parts are by weight and the sum of the components a. to i. is 100 parts.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for preparing a particulate solid comprising the steps i) to iv): i)providing a dispersion of polymer particles in a liquid medium, said polymer being obtained or obtainable by the copolymerisation of at least the monomers in components a) to d): a)45 to 90 parts of one of more hydrocarbyl (meth) acrylates each having a homopolymer Tg of from 90 to 130°C and having no hydrophilic groups; b)10 to 55 parts of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers each having homopolymer Tg of below 90°C and having no hydrophilic groups; c)0 to 40 parts of one or more styrenic monomers having a homopolymer Tg of at least 90°C and having no hydrophilic groups; d)0 to 10 parts of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers each having at least one hydrophilic group; wherein all the parts are by weight; ii)associating the particles to form clusters of particles; iii)optionally stabilising the clusters; iv)heating the clusters above the glass transition of the polymer.
A process for preparing a dispersion of encapsulated solid particles in a predominantly organic liquid vehicle, comprising the following steps: i)providing a dispersion comprising a particulate solid, a liquid medium and a polymeric dispersant having at least 3.0 mmoles of reactive groups per g of dispersant; ii)cross-linking the polymeric dispersant via at least some, but not all, of the reactive groups, said cross-linking being performed in the presence of the particulate solid and the liquid medium and resulting in the encapsulation of each solid particle with a cross-linked polymeric dispersant shell; iii) covalently bonding an end-capping agent to the polymeric dispersant via the reactive groups; said process being such that the final organic liquid vehicle comprises one or more organic liquids and optionally water, provided that water is present at no more than 30% by weight based on the dispersion.
C09B 67/00 - Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing, properties of dyestuffs without chemical reaction, e.g. by treating with solventsProcess features in the making of dyestuff preparationsDyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
99.
NON-NATURAL GELATIN-LIKE PROTEINS WITH ENHANCED FUNCTIONALITY
The invention concerns non-natural Gly-Xaa-Yaa-protein monomers and non-natural Gly-Xaa-Yaa-proteins comprising or consisting of multimers of the monomers.The non-natural Gly-Xaa-Yaa-proteins can be produced with enhanced monodispersity
A curable polymer having an ethylene oxide content above 50wt% comprising a backbone and, pendant thereon, the following side chains (a) and (b) : (a) side chains which comprise a poly(ethylene oxide) group and are free from ethylenically unsaturated groups; and (b) side chains which comprise an ethylenically unsaturated group; wherein the polymer has a weight average molecular weight of from 105,000 to million Daltons.
C08F 220/28 - Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
B01D 71/40 - Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. salts, amides, imides, nitriles, anhydrides, esters
B01D 71/82 - Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment
C08F 8/32 - Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups by reaction with amines
C08F 8/34 - Introducing sulfur atoms or sulfur-containing groups
C08F 290/08 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated side groups
