Abstract

The present invention may be configured to: apply, while maintaining a separation distance (d) between a substrate and a conductive mask, a different voltage to each of the substrate and the mask to form an electric field due to a potential difference; to make charged nanoparticles pass through a hole of the mask according to the intensity of the electric field to determine the degree to which the charged nanoparticles are focused on the substrate; and control the size and shape of a three-dimensional structure formed by depositing the nanoparticles on the substrate according to the focusing degree.

IPC Classes  ?

• B22F 10/25 - Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
• B22F 12/30 - Platforms or substrates
• B33Y 10/00 - Processes of additive manufacturing
• B33Y 30/00 - Apparatus for additive manufacturingDetails thereof or accessories therefor
• B82B 3/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units

Abstract

The present invention provides a water-soluble fluorescent compound of resveratrone 6-O-β-glucoside [(E)-4-(8-hydroxy-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)naphthalen-2-yl)but-3-en-2-one] and its derivatives of Formula I which have at least one water-soluble substituent, and a method for preparing the same by a photochemical reaction of resveratrol 3-O-β-glucoside and its derivatives of having Formula 3 which are not fluorescent. Said new water-soluble fluorescent compounds has single-photon absorptive characteristics and/or two-photon absorptive characteristics as well as no or little toxicity, and can be usefully utilized in fields that requires water-soluble fluorescent characteristics (diagnosis, fluorescent probe, in vivo imaging, display, etc.).

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 11/06 - Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent, materials containing organic luminescent materials
• A61K 49/00 - Preparations for testing in vivo
• A61N 5/06 - Radiation therapy using light
• C07C 49/248 - Unsaturated compounds containing keto groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups containing six-membered aromatic rings having unsaturation outside the aromatic rings
• C07C 49/255 - Unsaturated compounds containing keto groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups
• C07H 15/203 - Monocyclic carbocyclic rings other than cyclohexane ringsBicyclic carbocyclic ring systems
• H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
• H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a structure having excellent gripping force and a method for producing the same, wherein the structure comprises: a substrate; a patterned polymer layer formed on one surface of the substrate; an adhesive layer filled between patterns of the patterned polymer layer; and an amphoteric polymer film that is formed on the surface of the patterned polymer layer and is capable of forming reversible wrinkles upon contact with water. As the amphoteric polymer film is laminated on the surface of the patterned polymer layer, the structure according to the present invention maintains a flat surface under dry conditions and forms wrinkles under wet conditions in which moisture derived from organic compounds having hydroxy groups such as water, methanol, and ethanol is present, such that the structure exhibits excellent gripping force in both dry and wet conditions.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16B 47/00 - Suction cups for attaching purposesEquivalent means using adhesives
• C09J 133/04 - Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
• C09K 3/14 - Anti-slip materialsAbrasives
• C09J 7/20 - Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
• B29C 65/48 - Joining of preformed partsApparatus therefor using adhesives

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for driving an electronic device so that the electronic device can have higher stability and longer service life. More particularly, proposed is a method for driving an electronic device so that power supply sources including perovskite solar cells, organic solar cells, or the like, or other electronic devices can have higher stability and longer service life.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02S 50/00 - Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
• H02S 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
• H03K 3/53 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback

Abstract

Electrode structures for an electrochemical reaction, according to one embodiment of the present invention, each comprise: an electrode for an oxidation reaction; a catalyst layer coated on the surface of the electrode; and an intermediate layer disposed between the electrode and the catalyst layer, wherein the electrode has a first work function, and the intermediate layer has a second work function which is greater than the first work function.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/04 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water

Abstract

A perovskite compound according to the present invention contains an organic cation, a metal cation, and a non-metal anion, wherein a monovalent amidinium group cation and a divalent organic cation are contained as the organic cation. The perovskite compound according to the present invention has an excellent power conversion efficiency of more than 24% and has significantly improved stability with respect to heat and moisture itself.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 7/24 - Lead compounds
• H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for infiltrating a porous structure with a precursor solution by means of humidification. The infiltration method with a precursor solution using moisture control comprises the steps of: (S1) providing a substrate having porous structures deposited thereon; (S2) depositing, by electrospraying, a precursor solution on the substrate having porous structures deposited thereon; (S3) humidifying the porous structures having the precursor solution deposited thereon; and (S4) sintering the humidified porous structures.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/88 - Processes of manufacture
• B05D 1/04 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field
• B05D 3/02 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
• H01M 4/86 - Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
• H01M 8/1213 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
• H01M 8/124 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte

Abstract

Disclosed are a perovskite compound, a method for producing the perovskite compound, a catalyst for a fuel cell including the perovskite compound, and a method for producing the catalyst. The perovskite compound overcomes the low stability of palladium due to its perovskite structural properties. Therefore, the perovskite compound can be used as a catalyst material for a fuel cell. In addition, the use of palladium in the catalyst instead of expensive platinum leads to an improvement in the price competitiveness of fuel cells. The catalyst is highly durable and catalytically active due to its perovskite structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01G 55/00 - Compounds of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, or platinum
• B01J 23/00 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group
• B01J 23/44 - Palladium

Abstract

The present invention relates to a polymer, an organic solar cell comprising the polymer, and a perovskite solar cell comprising the polymer. The polymer according to the present invention has excellent absorption ability for visible light and an energy level suitable for the use as an electron donor compound in a photo-active layer of the organic solar cell, thereby increasing the light conversion efficiency of the organic solar cell. In addition, the polymer according to the present invention has high hole mobility, and is used as a compound for a hole transport layer, and thus can improve efficiency and service life of the perovskite solar cell without an additive.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
• C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
• H01L 51/44 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation - Details of devices
• H01G 9/20 - Light-sensitive devices

Abstract

Disclosed are a metal single-atom catalyst and a method for preparing the same. The method uses a minimal amount of chemicals and is thus environmentally friendly compared to conventional chemical and/or physical methods. In addition, the method enables the preparation of a single-atom catalyst in a simple and economical manner without the need for further treatment such as acid treatment or heat treatment. Furthermore, the method is universally applicable to the preparation of single-atom catalysts irrespective of the kinds of metals and supports, unlike conventional methods that suffer from very limited choices of metal materials and supports. Therefore, the method can be widely utilized to prepare various types of metal single-atom catalysts. All metal atoms in the metal single-atom catalyst can participate in catalytic reactions. This optimal atom utilization achieves maximum reactivity per unit mass and can minimize the amount of the metal used, which is very economical.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 37/34 - Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves
• B01J 23/50 - Silver
• B01J 23/52 - Gold
• B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
• H01M 4/90 - Selection of catalytic material
• H01M 4/88 - Processes of manufacture

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for forming a charge transport layer on a substrate. Specifically, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a device comprising a charge transport layer, which enables a uniform charge transport layer to be formed by a solution process even on a large area substrate. The method for manufacturing a device comprising a charge transport layer, of the present invention, may comprise: a charge forming step of forming first polarity charges on a transparent conductive substrate; a polymer electrolyte coating forming step of forming, on the transparent conductive substrate on which the first polarity charges are formed, a polymer electrolyte coating layer of second polarity charges which have the opposite polarity to that of the first polarity charges; and a first charge transport layer forming step of coating the polymer electrolyte coating layer with nanoparticles having the first polarity charges so as to form a first charge transport layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
• H01L 51/44 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation - Details of devices
• H01L 31/032 - Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only compounds not provided for in groups
• H01L 31/0216 - Coatings
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
• H01L 33/14 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a carrier transport control structure, e.g. highly-doped semiconductor layer or current-blocking structure

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for driving an electronic device so that the electronic device can have a higher stability and a longer lifetime. More particularly, proposed is a method for driving an electronic device so that power supply sources including perovskite solar batteries, organic solar batteries or the like or other electronic devices can have a higher stability and a longer lifetime.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02S 50/00 - Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
• H03K 3/53 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for preparing a carbon-supported platinum-transition metal alloy nanoparticle catalyst using a stabilizer. According to the method, the transition metal on the nanoparticle surface and the stabilizer are simultaneously removed by treatment with acetic acid. Therefore, the method enables the preparation of a carbon-supported platinum-transition metal alloy nanoparticle catalyst in a simple and environmentally friendly manner compared to conventional methods. The carbon-supported platinum-transition metal alloy nanoparticle catalyst can be applied as a high-performance, highly durable fuel cell catalyst.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 23/42 - Platinum
• B01J 37/16 - Reducing
• H01M 4/92 - Metals of platinum group

Abstract

An electrode composed of a substrate including a graphene layer coated on a first metal; and a complex including a second metal deposited on the substrate and a hydroxide of the first metal, where the complex is in the form of core-shell in which the second metal is a core and the hydroxide of the first metal is a shell, and the second metal has a higher standard reduction potential than the first metal. The graphene-coated metal foam of the present invention is the first case that proves not only theoretically but also by experiment that the remarkable catalytic ability reducing other metals (Au, Pt, Ag, and Cu, etc.) with a higher reduction potential than the metal by graphene coated on the metal surface it electroless deposition without additional reductant or electrical reduction conditions is due to the electrical double layer or interfacial dipole induced between the graphene and the metal.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/327 - Biochemical electrodes
• G01N 27/333 - Ion-selective electrodes or membranes

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a resistive random access memory device and a preparing method of the resistive random access memory device, including: a first resistance change layer formed on a first electrode and comprising an organic metal halide having a three-dimensional perovskite crystal structure; a second resistance change layer formed on the first resistance change layer and comprising an organic metal halide having a two-dimensional perovskite crystal structure; and a second electrode formed on the second resistance change layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 45/00 - Solid state devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating, or switching without a potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. dielectric triodes; Ovshinsky-effect devices; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a preparing method of a large-area perovskite thin film, comprising: forming an organic metal halide-alkylamine compound by exposing an organic metal halide compound having a perovskite structure to an alkylamine gas; preparing a coating solution by adding a solvent on the organic metal halide-alkylamine compound; and preparing a perovskite thin film by coating the coating solution on a substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
• H01G 9/00 - Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devicesProcesses of their manufacture
• H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
• H01G 9/20 - Light-sensitive devices
• C07F 7/24 - Lead compounds

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a resistive random access memory device and a preparing method thereof.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 45/00 - Solid state devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating, or switching without a potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. dielectric triodes; Ovshinsky-effect devices; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof
• G11C 11/56 - Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elementsStorage elements therefor using storage elements with more than two stable states represented by steps, e.g. of voltage, current, phase, frequency
• G11C 13/00 - Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups , , or
• C07F 19/00 - Metal compounds according to more than one of main groups

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for infiltrating a porous structure with a precursor solution by means of humidification. The infiltration method with a precursor solution using moisture control comprises the steps of: (S1) providing a substrate having porous structures deposited thereon; (S2) depositing, by electrospraying, a precursor solution on the substrate having porous structures deposited thereon; (S3) humidifying the porous structures having the precursor solution deposited thereon; and (S4) sintering the humidified porous structures.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/88 - Processes of manufacture
• H01M 4/86 - Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
• H01M 8/1213 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
• H01M 8/124 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for preparing a carbon-supported metal oxide and/or alloy nanoparticle catalyst. According to the method, a carbon-supported metal oxide and/or alloy nanoparticle catalyst is prepared by depositing metal oxide and/or alloy nanoparticles on a water-soluble support and dissolving the metal oxide and/or alloy nanoparticles deposited on the water-soluble support in an anhydrous polar solvent containing carbon dispersed therein to support the metal oxide and/or alloy nanoparticles on the carbon. The anhydrous polar solvent has much lower solubility for the water-soluble support than water and is used to dissolve the water-soluble support. The use of the anhydrous polar solvent instead of water can prevent the water-soluble support present at a low concentration in the solution from impeding the support of the nanoparticles on the carbon, thus providing a solution to the problems of environmental pollution, high cost, and complexity encountered in conventional chemical and physical synthetic methods.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 37/34 - Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves
• B01J 23/75 - Cobalt
• B01J 23/89 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
• B01J 35/00 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties

Abstract

The present invention presents a method for manufacturing a negative electrode of a solid oxide cell in a three-dimensional structure by using a pressurization process. In addition, the present invention proposes a structure in which the entire interface of a solid oxide cell is manufactured on the manufactured three-dimensional negative electrode substrate, through various deposition methods, in a three-dimensional structure so as to maximize a reaction area.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/1213 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
• H01M 4/88 - Processes of manufacture
• H01M 8/124 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte

Abstract

Various perovskite solar cell embodiments include a flexible metal substrate (e.g., including a metal doped TiO2 layer), a perovskite layer, and a transparent electrode layer (e.g., including a dielectric/metal/dielectric structure), wherein the perovskite layer is provided between the flexible metal substrate and the transparent electrode layer. Also, various tandem solar cell embodiments including a perovskite solar cell and either a quantum dot solar cell, and organic solar cell or a thin film solar cell.

IPC Classes  ?

• C23C 14/00 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
• C23C 14/06 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
• C23C 14/08 - Oxides
• H01L 31/02 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof - Details
• H01L 31/0216 - Coatings
• H01L 31/0224 - Electrodes
• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
• H01L 51/44 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation - Details of devices

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method which can effectively remove perovskite light absorbers, hole transport layers, metal electrodes, and the like by immersing a waste perovskite-based photoelectric conversion element module in a cleaning solution under predetermined conditions. The present invention can recover a substrate from the waste module and manufacture a photoelectric conversion element having a photoelectric conversion efficiency level comparable to the initially high level again, using the same.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/00 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
• C25B 15/00 - Operating or servicing cells
• H01L 21/00 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid-state devices, or of parts thereof
• H01L 21/66 - Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment
• G01R 31/26 - Testing of individual semiconductor devices
• H01G 9/20 - Light-sensitive devices
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
• H01L 31/0256 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
• H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
• H01L 31/032 - Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only compounds not provided for in groups
• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
• B08B 3/08 - Cleaning involving contact with liquid the liquid having chemical or dissolving effect
• H01L 51/44 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation - Details of devices
• C11D 1/58 - Heterocyclic compounds

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method of synthesizing composites for removing heavy metals, including: preparing hollow hydroxyapatite particles including a functional group; preparing a composite in which magnetic oxide nanoparticles are combined on the hollow hydroxyapatite; and preparing a composite of hollow hydroxyapatite and metal particles by performing reduction annealing to the composite.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 25/32 - Phosphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium
• C04B 35/447 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxides based on phosphates
• H01F 1/36 - Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials thereforSelection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites in the form of particles
• B01J 20/06 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group
• B01J 20/04 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• B01J 20/32 - Impregnating or coating
• B09C 1/08 - Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
• B01J 20/30 - Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
• C02F 101/20 - Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds

Abstract

A composite polymer electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell may be manufactured by the following method: partially or totally filling the inside of a pore of a porous support with a hydrogen ion conductive polymer electrolyte solution by performing a solution impregnation process; and drying the hydrogen ion conductive polymer electrolyte solution while completely filling the inside of the pore with the hydrogen ion conductive polymer electrolyte solution by performing a spin dry process on the porous support of which the inside of the pore is partially or totally filled with the hydrogen ion conductive polymer electrolyte solution.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/10 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
• B01D 69/10 - Supported membranesMembrane supports
• B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
• B01D 71/36 - Polytetrafluoroethene
• B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
• B01J 35/00 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
• H01M 8/1081 - Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes starting from solutions, dispersions or slurries exclusively of polymers
• H01M 8/1023 - Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
• H01M 8/1039 - Polymeric electrolyte materials halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides
• H01M 8/1053 - Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends consisting of layers of polymers with at least one layer being ionically conductive
• H01M 8/1067 - Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by their physical properties, e.g. porosity, ionic conductivity or thickness
• H01M 8/106 - Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by a porous support having no ion-conducting properties characterised by the chemical composition of the porous support
• H01M 8/1018 - Polymeric electrolyte materials

Abstract

The present invention provides a solar cell which is obtained by bonding a thin film made of a carbon allotrope to both sides of a perovskite thin film. The solar cell with a new structure in which a perovskite light absorption layer is sandwiched between carbon allotropes exhibits remarkably high durability against water and oxygen as compared with the perovskite solar cell of the prior art, thereby remarkably improving the stability of a device.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/042 - PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
• H01L 31/0216 - Coatings
• H01L 31/0392 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates
• H01L 31/048 - Encapsulation of modules
• H01L 33/00 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof

Abstract

− as a halogen ion, and Q is a Lewis base including a functional group containing a nitrogen (N), oxygen (O) or sulfur (S) atom with an unshared pair of electrons as an electron pair donor. The Lewis base is maintained more stable in the lead halide adduct. Therefore, the use of the adduct enables the fabrication of a perovskite solar cell with high conversion efficiency.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 7/24 - Lead compounds
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
• H01L 31/0216 - Coatings
• H01L 31/04 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
• H01L 31/0224 - Electrodes
• H01L 51/44 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation - Details of devices
• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
• H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof

Abstract

Provided is an interlayer for a thin electrolyte solid oxide cell, a thin electrolyte solid oxide cell including the same, and a method of forming the same. In various embodiments, functional elements (a fuel electrode, an electrolyte and a cathode) of the solid oxide cell are formed by means of a thin film process, and thus a nanostructure of the catalyst is not seriously lost due to agglomeration, different from a powder process. Thus, it is possible to accomplish catalyst activation according to a high specific surface area.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05D 5/12 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain a coating with specific electrical properties
• H01M 4/88 - Processes of manufacture
• C23C 14/28 - Vacuum evaporation by wave energy or particle radiation
• H01M 8/1246 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
• H01M 4/92 - Metals of platinum group
• C23C 14/34 - Sputtering
• H01M 8/124 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
• B05D 7/00 - Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials

Abstract

Provided is a high-sensitivity sensor having a crack-containing transparent conductive thin film. The high-sensitivity sensor relates to a sensor which is acquired by means of forming fine cracks on a transparent conductive thin film formed on a support and is for measuring external tension and pressure by means of measuring changes in electrical resistance due to changes, shorting or opening in a fine attachment structure formed by the fine cracks. The high-sensitivity transparent conductive crack sensor can be applied to high-precision measurement or artificial skin, can also be utilized as a positioning detecting sensor by means of pixelating the sensor, and can be utilized in fields of precise measurements, biometric devices used on human skin and the like, human motion measurement sensors, display panel sensors and the like.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01L 1/14 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators
• C08L 67/03 - Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds having the hydroxy and the carboxyl groups directly linked to aromatic rings
• C08L 23/06 - Polyethene
• C08L 23/12 - Polypropene
• H01B 5/14 - Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports

Abstract

An electronic device, such as, without limitation, a perovskite solar cell or a light emitting diode, includes an assembly including at least one electronic portion or component, and a composite coating layer covering at least part of the assembly including the at least one electronic portion or component. The composite coating layer includes a polymer material, such as, without limitation, PMMA or PMMA-PU, having nanoparticles, such as, without limitation, reduced graphene oxide or SiO2, embedded therein. The electronic device may further include a second coating layer including a second polymer material (such as, without limitation, PMMA or PMMA-PU without nanoparticles) positioned between the coating layer and the assembly.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/00 - Cells or assemblies of cellsConstructional parts of cellsAssemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assembliesProcess-related cell features
• C23C 16/30 - Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides

Abstract

The present invention provides a hierarchical microstructure, which has a nanopattern formed on a side surface thereof as well as an upper surface thereof, in order to maximize an effect of a multiscale structure. Therefore, the hierarchical microstructure can have a wider surface area. In addition, the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a mold for manufacturing a hierarchical microstructure, using a sequential imprinting method and a creep phenomenon. Therefore, the present invention enables more effective and easier manufacture of a mold for forming a hierarchical microstructure having an increased surface area.

IPC Classes  ?

• B82B 3/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
• G03F 7/00 - Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printed surfacesMaterials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresistsApparatus specially adapted therefor
• G03F 7/004 - Photosensitive materials
• B82Y 40/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures

Abstract

An organic solar cell is provided. The organic solar cell includes a photoactive layer in which a low molecular weight conjugated compound as a first organic semiconductor material is mixed with an appropriate amount of a second organic semiconductor material. The first organic semiconductor material includes both electron donors and electron acceptors. The presence of the electron donors and the electron acceptors in the first organic semiconductor material improves the morphology of the photoactive layer, leading to high efficiency of the organic solar cell.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 7/22 - Tin compounds
• C08K 3/04 - Carbon
• C08G 61/12 - Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
• C08L 65/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
• H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation

Abstract

The present invention provides a water-soluble fluorescent compound of resveratrone 6-O-β-glucoside [(E)-4-(8-hydroxy-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)naphthalen-2-yl)but-3-en-2-one] and its derivatives of Formula I which have at least one water-soluble substituent, and a method for preparing the same by a photochemical reaction of resveratrol 3-O-β-glucoside and its derivatives of having Formula 3 which are not fluorescent. Said new water-soluble fluorescent compounds has single-photon absorptive characteristics and/or two-photon absorptive characteristics as well as no or little toxicity, and can be usefully utilized in fields that requires water-soluble fluorescent characteristics (diagnosis, fluorescent probe, in vivo imaging, display, etc.).

IPC Classes  ?

• C07H 15/203 - Monocyclic carbocyclic rings other than cyclohexane ringsBicyclic carbocyclic ring systems
• C09K 11/06 - Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent, materials containing organic luminescent materials

Abstract

Provided is a high-sensitivity sensor having a conductive thin film containing linearly induced cracks. The high-sensitivity sensor relates to a sensor, obtained by forming linearly induced microcracks on a conductive thin film formed on a support, for measuring external tensile and pressure by measuring a change in the electrical resistance due to modification, short - circuiting, or openings in micro - joining structures formed by the microcracks. The high-sensitivity conductive crack sensor may be applied to high-precision measurements or artificial skins, and may be utilized as a positioning detection sensor by pixelating the sensor. Thus, the high-sensitivity sensor may be effectively used in the fields of precise measurements , bio-measurement devices through human skin , human motion measuring sensors, display panel sensors, etc.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01B 7/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
• G01L 1/20 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluidsMeasuring force or stress, in general by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
• G01L 5/00 - Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
• A61B 5/024 - Measuring pulse rate or heart rate
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons

Abstract

The perovskite solar battery according to the present invention has an electron transfer layer comprising fullerene or a fullerene derivative on a first electrode comprising transparent conductive material, and does not include a blocking layer, such as BCP, and thus can exhibit improved electron mobility, and as fullerene or a fullerene derivative itself can act as a blocking layer, highly effective perovskite can be produced by a more rapid production process.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/0216 - Coatings
• H01L 31/0224 - Electrodes
• H01L 31/0392 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates
• H01L 31/04 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof

Abstract

The present invention, by providing perovskite in which two or more types of positive ions and negative ions expressed by the chemical formula 1 below are mixed, can provide perovskite exhibiting improved structural stability and electrochemical properties as compared to the conventional perovskite thin film comprising a single type of positive ion and negative ion, and an electronic element comprising the perovskite. [Chemical formula 1] [Aa Bb Cc]Pb[Xd Ye Wf] where A, B and C are independently organic positive ion or inorganic positive ion, X, Y and W are independently halogen ion of F-, Cl-, Br- or I-, a, b and c are a+b+c=1 with 0.05≤a≤0.95, 0≤b≤0.95, 0≤c≤0.95, and d, e, f are d+e+f=3 with 0.05≤d≤3, 0≤e≤2.95, 0≤f≤2.95, wherein, if b and c are simultaneously 0, then e and f are not simultaneously 0, and if e and f are simultaneously 0, then b and c are not simultaneously 0. DRAWING: Fig. 1: AA Counts

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/0216 - Coatings
• C01G 23/04 - OxidesHydroxides
• H01L 31/0224 - Electrodes
• H01L 31/04 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof

Abstract

Since the present invention manufactures a porous TiO2 layer used for the electron collection layer by an electrostatic spray deposition method, it is possible to form a mesoporous electron collection layer with a low-density point defect. Since the present invention is applicable to a continuous process, such as a roll-to-roll process, unlike the conventional spin-coating method, it is possible to manufacture an electron collection layer at a higher throughput on a larger area substrate. An electron collection layer manufactured by the electrostatic spray deposition method and a manufacturing method therefor are applicable to perovskite solar cells and all solar cells using particles of metal oxides, etc. as an electron collection layer, thereby enabling mass production of solar cells.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
• H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
• H01L 31/0256 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method which can effectively remove perovskite light absorbers, hole transport layers, metal electrodes, and the like by immersing a waste perovskite-based photoelectric conversion element module in a cleaning solution under predetermined conditions. The present invention can recover a substrate from the waste module and manufacture a photoelectric conversion element having a photoelectric conversion efficiency level comparable to the initially high level again, using the same.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
• H01L 31/0216 - Coatings
• H01L 31/0256 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof

Abstract

One embodiment of the present invention relates to a perovskite solar cell production method and a perovskite solar cell comprising a perovskite. The perovskite solar cell production method comprises the step of forming a recombination prevention layer on a first electrode, a perovskite layer comprising a perovskite, a hole transport layer, and a second electrode, wherein the perovskite layer comprising the perovskite formed in the solar cell production method and the perovskite of the perovskite solar cell have the chemical formula (R)1-yAyMX3 and the effect of improving moisture stability and photostabilty.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/0216 - Coatings
• C01G 23/04 - OxidesHydroxides
• H01L 31/0392 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates
• H01L 31/04 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof

Abstract

An adduct compound represented by chemical formula 1 below is provided, and a perovskite solar cell having excellent conversion efficiency can be manufactured by more stably maintaining a Lewis base compound bound to the lead halide adduct compound. In [Chemical formula 1] AㆍPbY2ㆍQ, A is an organic halide compound or an inorganic halide compound; Y is a halogen ion of F-, Cl-, Br- and I-; and Q is a Lewis base compound containing a functional group donating electron pairs to nitrogen (N), oxygen (O) or sulfur (S) atoms having unshared electron pairs.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 7/24 - Lead compounds
• H01L 31/0216 - Coatings
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a perovskite-based solar cell using graphene as a conductive transparent electrode. The perovskite-based solar cell has improved peak efficiency through an appropriate energy band combination of a graphene electrode/hole transfer layer/perovskite/electron transfer layer/metal electrode, and may represent 17% or more of the conversion efficiency value.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/0224 - Electrodes
• C01B 31/04 - Graphite
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
• C07F 7/24 - Lead compounds
• H01L 31/0216 - Coatings

Abstract

The present invention provides an electrode structure comprising: a lower structure comprising a first insulation layer and a first electrolyte layer formed sequentially on the upper surface of a lower substrate, and comprising at least two top-open channels formed in the first electrolyte layer; an upper structure comprising a second insulation layer and a second electrolyte layer formed sequentially on the lower surface of an upper substrate, and a current collector formed on the lower surface of the second electrolyte layer so as to have a predetermined pattern; and an electrode for covering inner surfaces of the at least two channels and the current collector in a state in which the first electrolyte layer of the lower structure and the second electrolyte layer of the upper structure are joined to each other, such that the current collector is accommodated in the at least two channels.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/88 - Processes of manufacture
• H01M 8/02 - Fuel cellsManufacture thereof Details
• H01M 8/12 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte

Abstract

The present invention provides a polymer electrolyte membrane forming a hierarchical structure of two or more layers, and a method for manufacturing the polymer electrolyte membrane by using a hierarchical structure having a pattern which is symmetrical to the hierarchical structure of the polymer electrolyte membrane. The polymer electrolyte membrane is provided and may be usefully applied to an energy cell element in that, not only is the effective surface area increased and the average membrane thickness reduced in order to reduce the resistance to ionic movement therein and thereby improve ionic conductivity, but the problem of mechanical properties being degraded due to a decrease in the membrane thickness may be resolved by the hierarchical structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/10 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
• H01M 4/86 - Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells

Abstract

The present invention provides a hierarchical microstructure having a novel structure, and a manufacturing method for a mold for manufacturing the same. A mold for forming a hierarchical microstructure, manufactured by the manufacturing method, can form a microstructure having various hierarchical structures, for example, a micro/nano dual structure and a base/bridge dual structure, using a simple process, and can form a microstructure up to the bottom surface of each layer, thereby forming a hierarchical microstructure having a larger specific surface area. The present invention can be applied to various fields, such as surface treatment of a large moving means, a functional material having ultra hydrophobicity, an industrial robot, and an electronic element, in which such a microstructure having a multiscale is used.

IPC Classes  ?

• B81B 1/00 - Devices without movable or flexible elements, e.g. microcapillary devices
• G03F 7/00 - Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printed surfacesMaterials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresistsApparatus specially adapted therefor

Abstract

An oxygen-generating catalyst, according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprises non-stoichiometric manganese oxide comprising trivalent manganese and represented by chemical formula (1) below. Chemical formula (1): Mn1-δO, wherein δ satisfies 0 < δ < 0.5.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 11/06 - Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material by the catalytic materials used

Abstract

Provided are a method for forming a pattern, and a catalyst and an electronic element using the method. The method for forming a pattern comprises the steps of: preparing, on a surface, a substrate sequentially including a photoconductive material layer and an oxide layer; making an area, on which a pattern is to be formed, on the oxide layer of the substrate, come into contact with an electrolyte; connecting the substrate and the electrolyte to a first electrode and a second electrode connected to a power source, respectively; and selectively irradiating light from a light source to the electrolyte and applying a voltage to the first electrode or the second electrode, thereby directly forming the pattern on the oxide layer of the substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 29/06 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions
• C25D 5/02 - Electroplating of selected surface areas
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
• H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
• H01L 21/02 - Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
• C25D 9/02 - Electrolytic coating other than with metals with organic materials
• C25D 9/08 - Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials by cathodic processes
• C25D 3/50 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of platinum group metals
• C25D 17/10 - Electrodes

Abstract

Provided are a perovskite solar cell and a method for manufacturing the perovskite solar cell.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/04 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
• H01L 31/0256 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a precursor for preparing a perovskite, a preparation method therefor, a solar cell including the perovskite prepared by using the precursor for preparing a perovskite, and a method for manufacturing the solar cell.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01F 11/20 - Halides
• C01G 21/16 - Halides
• C01G 23/02 - Halides of titanium
• H01L 31/042 - PV modules or arrays of single PV cells

Abstract

Provided is an organic solar cell comprising: a first electrode layer formed on a substrate; metal nanoparticles adhered to the first electrode layer; a hole transfer layer having a nano-bump structure, the hole transfer layer being formed on the metal nanoparticles; a photoactive layer formed on the hole transfer layer; and a second electrode formed on the photoactive layer. The organic solar cell contains the metal nanoparticles on the electrode, and the hole transfer layer formed thereon has a nano-bump structure whereby an increased plasmonic effect is produced, resulting in increased photoelectric current. Further, the photoactive layer has a concavo-convex structure, which increases light absorption so that optical efficiency can be improved. In addition, it is possible to form the nano-bump structure using a simple dry aerosol process without a complex exposing process or transferring process, thereby significantly improving economic efficiency.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation

Abstract

A high-sensitivity sensor containing cracks is provided. The high-sensitivity sensor is obtained by forming microcracks on a conductive thin film, which is formed on top of a support body, wherein the microcracks form a micro-joining structure in which the microcracks are electrically short-circuited or open, thereby generating change in a resistance value and converting external stimulation into electric signals. The high-sensitivity sensor can be useful in a pressure sensor, a vibration sensor, artificial skin, and a voice recognition system, among others.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01B 7/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
• G01H 11/06 - Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
• H01B 5/14 - Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports

Abstract

A high-sensitivity sensor containing cracks is provided. The high-sensitivity sensor is obtained by forming microcracks on a conductive thin film, which is formed on top of a support, wherein the microcracks form a micro-joining structure in which the microcracks are electrically changed, short-circuited or open, thereby converting external stimuli into electric signals by generating a change in a resistance value. The high-sensitivity sensor can be useful in a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor, a vibration sensor, artificial skin, a voice recognition system, and the like.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01B 5/14 - Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
• H01B 13/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrode catalyst, a method for preparing the same, and a membrane electrode assembly and a fuel cell comprising the same, wherein the electrode catalyst includes a carbon based carrier and a platinum based catalyst carried on the carbon based carrier, and the carbon based carrier is selectively bonded to a thermally reactive polymer. The electrode catalyst can smoothly discharge water generated as a result of electrochemical reaction, and thus improve the electrical performance of the fuel cell.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/90 - Selection of catalytic material
• H01M 4/86 - Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
• H01M 8/02 - Fuel cellsManufacture thereof Details

Abstract

Provided are a method for forming a pattern, and a catalyst and an electronic element using the method. The method for forming a pattern comprises the steps of: preparing, on a surface, a substrate sequentially including a photoconductive material layer and an oxide layer; making an area, on which a pattern is to be formed, on the oxide layer of the substrate, come into contact with an electrolyte; connecting the substrate and the electrolyte to a first electrode and a second electrode connected to a power source, respectively; and selectively irradiating light from a light source to the electrolyte and applying a voltage to the first electrode or the second electrode, thereby directly forming the pattern on the oxide layer of the substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/027 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or
• H01L 21/316 - Inorganic layers composed of oxides or glassy oxides or oxide-based glass

Abstract

The present invention relates to a spark discharge generator, and the spark discharge generator according to the present invention comprises a plurality of column-type electrodes and a grounding plate having a plurality of exit holes in positions corresponding to positions of respective column-type electrodes, thereby making it possible to manufacture a large-area nanostructure array with a three-dimensional shape uniformly and rapidly.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 19/08 - Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiationApparatus therefor
• B82B 1/00 - Nanostructures formed by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
• B82B 3/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for producing a 3-dimensional structure assembled from nanoparticles by using a mask having a pattern of perforations, which comprises the steps of: in a grounded reactor, placing a mask having a pattern of perforations corresponding to a determined pattern at a certain distance above a substrate to be patterned, and then applying voltage to the substrate to form an electrodynamic focusing lens; and introducing charged nanoparticles into the reactor, the charged particles being guided to the substrate through the pattern of perforations so as to be selectively attached to the substrate with 3-dimensional shape. According to the process of the present invention, a 3-dimensional structure of various shapes can be produced without producing noise pattern, with high accuracy and high efficiency.

IPC Classes  ?

• B81C 1/00 - Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate

Abstract

The present invention provides a 3-dimensional nanoparticle structure, wherein a plurality of structures formed by assembling nanoparticles is connected to form a bridge, and a gas sensor using the same.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
• G01N 31/22 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators
• C25D 13/02 - Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process with inorganic material
• C23C 14/04 - Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
• B82B 3/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
• C01G 3/02 - OxidesHydroxides
• C23C 14/32 - Vacuum evaporation by explosionVacuum evaporation by evaporation and subsequent ionisation of the vapours
• C23C 14/58 - After-treatment

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for preparing an electronic device comprising at least one layer selected from the group consisting of a upper electrode layer, a lower electrode layer, an organic layer and an inorganic layer, which comprises a step of introducing a nanoparticle layer or a nano/micro structure layer by adhering charged nanoparticles, before, after or during forming the layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
• H01L 21/326 - Application of electric currents or fields, e.g. for electroforming
• H01L 51/56 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices or of parts thereof
• H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing three-dimensional structures assembled with nanoparticles using a pattern perforated mask. The present invention includes: (1) a step of forming an electric focusing lens by positioning a mask having a perforated pattern of predetermined width (w) a predetermined distance (d) away from a substrate to be patterned in a grounded reactor, and applying a voltage thereto on the substrate; and (2) a step of introducing electrically charged nanoparticles and guiding electrically charged particles to the substrate through the pattern of the mask so that the electrically charged nanoparticles are focused on and attached to the substrate in a three-dimensional shape. According to the present invention, three-dimensional structures of various shapes can be produced with high precision and efficiency without generating a noise pattern.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/027 - Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing, not provided for in group or

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a nanoparticle structure through the focused patterning of nanoparticles, and to a nanoparticle structure obtained by the method. The method according to the present invention includes a step of guiding electrically charged nanoparticles and ions generated through spark discharge to a micro/nano pattern of a substrate and the focused depositing of same in a micro/nano pattern after accumulating ions generated through corona discharge on the substrate on which the micro/nano pattern is formed. According to the method of the present invention, a precise nanoparticle structure having a complex structure and a three-dimensional shape can be produced efficiently.

IPC Classes  ?

• B82B 3/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
• B82B 1/00 - Nanostructures formed by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
• C23C 14/32 - Vacuum evaporation by explosionVacuum evaporation by evaporation and subsequent ionisation of the vapours

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing an electronic device containing at least one layer selected from an upper electrode layer, a lower electrode layer, an organic layer, and an inorganic layer. The present invention includes a step of attaching electrically charged nanoparticles before, after, or while forming the layer so as to introduce a nanoparticle or nano/micro structure layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
• H01L 33/00 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof
• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
• H01L 31/042 - PV modules or arrays of single PV cells

Abstract

The present invention provides a three-dimensional nanoparticle structure wherein a bridge is formed by connecting a plurality structures which are formed by assembling nanoparticles, and a gas sensor using the same.

IPC Classes  ?

• B82B 1/00 - Nanostructures formed by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
• B82B 3/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
• C23C 14/28 - Vacuum evaporation by wave energy or particle radiation

Abstract

A nano-structure can be focus-patterned while minimizing the generation of a noise pattern by the inventive method which comprises the steps of: (i) mounting a plate having a nano-scale pattern formed thereon by a patterned photoresist layer on an electrode placed in an externally grounded reactor and applying a voltage to the electrode; (ii) accumulating charges selectively onto the photoresist layer on the plate mounted on the electrode; and (iii) introducing charged nanoparticle aerosol into the reactor and guiding the migration of the charged nanoparticles to the uncharged nano-scale pattern region on the plate mounted on the electrode to guide the nanoparticles to adhere to the center region of the pattern.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05D 1/04 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field