A continuous char separation reactor (800) comprising a container (301) configured to contain a bed of char and bed solids and a settling zone (122) disposed within a first region of the container and configured to receive an input flow (180) comprising the char and bed solids. The settling zone (122) comprises a settling means (334) configured to segregate the received char and bed solids into a char fraction (001) having a ratio of char to bed solids that is at least 5× larger than that of the input flow (180) and a depleted portion (002) of the bed solids having a lower ratio of char to bed solids than that of the input flow.
F23C 10/06 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone the circulating movement being promoted by inducing differing degrees of fluidisation in different parts of the bed
F23C 10/10 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
F23C 10/26 - Devices for removal of material from the bed combined with devices for partial reintroduction of material into the bed, e.g. after separation of agglomerated parts
F23G 5/027 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of waste or low-grade fuels including pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying
F23G 7/10 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of specific waste or low grade fuels, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste
Various aspects provide for a multistage fluidized bed reactor, particularly comprising a volatilization stage and a combustion stage. The gas phases above the bed solids in the respective stages are separated by a wall. An opening (e.g., in the wall) provides for transport of the bed solids from the volatilization stage to the combustion stage. Active control of the gas pressure in the two stages may be used to control residence time. Various aspects provide for a fuel stream processing system having a pretreatment reactor, a combustion reactor, and optionally a condensation reactor. The condensation reactor receives a volatiles stream volatilized by the volatilization reactor. The combustion reactor receives a char stream resulting from the removal of the volatiles by the volatilization reactor.
F23C 10/10 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
B01J 8/34 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with stationary packing material in the fluidised bed, e.g. bricks, wire rings, baffles
B01J 8/36 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed through which there is an essentially horizontal flow of particles
F23C 10/00 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles
F23C 10/06 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone the circulating movement being promoted by inducing differing degrees of fluidisation in different parts of the bed
F23C 10/30 - Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed combustion apparatus for controlling the level of the bed or the amount of material in the bed
A continuous char separation reactor (800) comprising a container (301) configured to contain a bed of char and bed solids and a settling zone (122) disposed within a first region of the container and configured to receive an input flow (180) comprising the char and bed solids. The settling zone (122) comprises a settling means (334) configured to segregate the received char and bed solids into a char fraction (001) having a ratio of char to bed solids that is at least 5x larger than that of the input flow (180) and a depleted portion (002) of the bed solids having a lower ratio of char to bed solids than that of the input flow.
F23C 10/06 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone the circulating movement being promoted by inducing differing degrees of fluidisation in different parts of the bed
B01J 8/32 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with introduction into the fluidised bed of more than one kind of moving particles
B01J 8/40 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed subjected to vibrations or pulsations
F23C 10/26 - Devices for removal of material from the bed combined with devices for partial reintroduction of material into the bed, e.g. after separation of agglomerated parts
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Apparatus and installations for lighting, heating, refrigerating, vapour production, cooking, drying, ventilation, water supply and sanitary purposes; industrial ovens and heating apparatus; burners, boilers and heaters; hvac systems; chemicals production equipment; chemical and chemicals processing equipment; equipment for production and storage of energy; equipment for electrical power production; equipment for production, processing and transformation of materials; equipment for gasification; equipment for fuel production; equipment for bio fuel production; equipment for gas conversion; equipment for production of raw material for fuel and plastics production; equipment for torrefaction; equipment for biochar production; equipment for extraction of chemicals from biomass; equipment for separation and storage of carbon dioxide. Scientific or technological services as well as research and design related to these services; research and development services within the technical field; research and development services within the fields of power, electricity, electrical power, heating, district heating, combustion, paper and pulp, chemicals, fuels and propellants or other energy carriers, and industrial installations; development of new technology for others; product development; product development for others; product development within the fields of power, electricity, electrical power, heating, district heating, combustion, paper and pulp, chemicals, fuels and propellants or other energy carriers, and industrial installations; technical project studies; technical research projects and studies; conducting technical and engineering project studies; conducting technical and engineering project studies within the fields of power, electricity, electrical power, heating, district heating, combustion, paper and pulp, chemicals, fuels and propellants or other energy carriers, and industrial installations; industrial analysis services, industrial research services and industrial design services; development and testing of chemical production methods; development and testing of combustion, heating and energy industry production methods; development and testing of paper industry production methods; development and testing of fuels and propellants industry production methods; development and testing of production methods and technologies for energy storage; development and testing of technologies for separation and storage of carbon dioxide.
5.
Induced circulation among integrated bubbling zones
Various aspects provide for a fluidized bed reactor comprising a container having a bed of bed solids and a splashgenerator configured to impart a directed momentum to a portion of the bed solids. A bedwall may separate the bed solids into first and second reaction zones, and the directed momentum may be used to transfer bed solids from one zone to the other. A return passage may provide for return of the transferred bed solids, providing for circulation between the zones. A compact circulating bubbling fluidized bed may be integrated with a reactor having first and second stages, each with its own fluidization gas and ambient. A multistage reactor may comprise a gaswall separating at least the gas phases above two different portions of the bed. A gaslock beneath the gaswall may provide reduced gas transport while allowing bed transport, reducing contamination.
B01J 8/36 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed through which there is an essentially horizontal flow of particles
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
B01J 8/34 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with stationary packing material in the fluidised bed, e.g. bricks, wire rings, baffles
F22B 31/00 - Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatusArrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
F23C 10/00 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles
F23C 10/06 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone the circulating movement being promoted by inducing differing degrees of fluidisation in different parts of the bed
F23C 10/20 - Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. gridsBottoms
F23C 10/30 - Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed combustion apparatus for controlling the level of the bed or the amount of material in the bed
B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
Aspects provide for volatilizing a biomass-based fuel stream, removing undesirable components from the resulting volatiles stream, and combusting the resulting stream (e.g., in a kiln). Removal of particles, ash, and/or H2O from the volatiles stream improves its economic value and enhances the substitution of legacy (e.g., fossil) fuels with biomass-based fuels. Aspects may be particularly advantageous for upgrading otherwise low-quality biomass to a fuel specification sufficient for industrial implementation. A volatilization reactor may include a fluidized bed reactor, which may comprise multiple stages and/or a splashgenerator. A splashgenerator may impart directed momentum to a portion of the bed to increase bed transport via directed flow.
F23C 10/10 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
B01J 8/34 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with stationary packing material in the fluidised bed, e.g. bricks, wire rings, baffles
B01J 8/36 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed through which there is an essentially horizontal flow of particles
F22B 31/00 - Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatusArrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
F23C 10/00 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles
F23C 10/06 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone the circulating movement being promoted by inducing differing degrees of fluidisation in different parts of the bed
F23C 10/20 - Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. gridsBottoms
F23C 10/28 - Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed combustion apparatus
F23C 10/30 - Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed combustion apparatus for controlling the level of the bed or the amount of material in the bed
Various aspects provide for a multistage fluidized bed reactor, particularly comprising a volatilization stage and a combustion stage. The gas phases above the bed solids in the respective stages are separated by a wall. An opening (e.g., in the wall) provides for transport of the bed solids from the volatilization stage to the combustion stage. Active control of the gas pressure in the two stages may be used to control residence time. Various aspects provide for a fuel stream processing system having a pretreatment reactor, a combustion reactor, and optionally a condensation reactor. The condensation reactor receives a volatiles stream volatilized by the volatilization reactor. The combustion reactor receives a char stream resulting from the removal of the volatiles by the volatilization reactor.
F22B 31/00 - Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatusArrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
F23C 10/20 - Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. gridsBottoms
F23C 10/28 - Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed combustion apparatus
F23C 10/10 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
F23C 10/00 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles
F23C 10/06 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone the circulating movement being promoted by inducing differing degrees of fluidisation in different parts of the bed
F23C 10/30 - Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed combustion apparatus for controlling the level of the bed or the amount of material in the bed
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
B01J 8/34 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with stationary packing material in the fluidised bed, e.g. bricks, wire rings, baffles
B01J 8/36 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed through which there is an essentially horizontal flow of particles
Various aspects provide for a fluidized bed reactor comprising a container having a bed of bed solids and a splashgenerator configured to impart a directed momentum to a portion of the bed solids. A bedwall may separate the bed solids into first and second reaction zones, and the directed momentum may be used to transfer bed solids from one zone to the other. A return passage may provide for return of the transferred bed solids, providing for circulation between the zones. A compact circulating bubbling fluidized bed may be integrated with a reactor having first and second stages, each with its own fluidization gas and ambient. A multistage reactor may comprise a gaswall separating at least the gas phases above two different portions of the bed. A gaslock beneath the gaswall may provide reduced gas transport while allowing bed transport, reducing contamination.
F23C 10/00 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles
F23C 10/06 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone the circulating movement being promoted by inducing differing degrees of fluidisation in different parts of the bed
F23C 10/20 - Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. gridsBottoms
F23C 10/30 - Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed combustion apparatus for controlling the level of the bed or the amount of material in the bed
Aspects provide for volatilizing a biomass-based fuel stream, removing undesirable components from the resulting volatiles stream, and combusting the resulting stream (e.g., in a kiln). Removal of particles, ash, and/or H2O from the volatiles stream improves its economic value and enhances the substitution of legacy (e.g., fossil) fuels with biomass-based fuels. Aspects may be particularly advantageous for upgrading otherwise low-quality biomass to a fuel specification sufficient for industrial implementation. A volatilization reactor may include a fluidized bed reactor, which may comprise multiple stages and/or a splashgenerator. A splashgenerator may impart directed momentum to a portion of the bed to increase bed transport via directed flow.
F23C 10/00 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles
F23C 10/06 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone the circulating movement being promoted by inducing differing degrees of fluidisation in different parts of the bed
F23C 10/20 - Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. gridsBottoms
F23C 10/30 - Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed combustion apparatus for controlling the level of the bed or the amount of material in the bed
F23B 90/06 - Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion the primary combustion being a gasification or pyrolysis in a reductive atmosphere
F23C 10/02 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
F23C 10/04 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
Various aspects provide for a fluidized bed reactor comprising a container having a bed of bed solids and a splashgenerator configured to impart a directed momentum to a portion of the bed solids. A wall may separate the bed solids into first and second reaction zones, and the directed momentum may be used to transfer bed solids from one zone to the other. A return passage may provide for return of the transferred bed solids, providing for circulation between the zones. A compact circulating bubbling fluidized bed may be integrated with a reactor having first and second stages, each with its own fluidization gas and ambient.
F23C 10/00 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles
F23C 10/06 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone the circulating movement being promoted by inducing differing degrees of fluidisation in different parts of the bed
F23C 10/20 - Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. gridsBottoms
F23C 10/30 - Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed combustion apparatus for controlling the level of the bed or the amount of material in the bed
F23B 90/06 - Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion the primary combustion being a gasification or pyrolysis in a reductive atmosphere
F23C 10/02 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
F23C 10/04 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
Various aspects provide for a multistage fluidized bed reactor, particularly comprising a volatilization stage and a combustion stage. The gas phases above the bed solids in the respective stages are separated by a wall. An opening (e.g., in the wall) provides for transport of the bed solids from the volatilization stage to the combustion stage. Active control of the gas pressure in the two stages may be used to control residence time. Various aspects provide for a fuel stream processing system having a pretreatment reactor, a combustion reactor, and optionally a condensation reactor. The condensation reactor receives a volatiles stream volatilized by the volatilization reactor. The combustion reactor receives a char stream resulting from the removal of the volatiles by the volatilization reactor.
F23C 10/00 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles
F23C 10/06 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone the circulating movement being promoted by inducing differing degrees of fluidisation in different parts of the bed
F23C 10/20 - Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. gridsBottoms
F23C 10/30 - Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed combustion apparatus for controlling the level of the bed or the amount of material in the bed
F23B 90/06 - Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion the primary combustion being a gasification or pyrolysis in a reductive atmosphere
F23C 10/02 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
F23C 10/04 - Apparatus in which combustion takes place in a fluidised bed of fuel or other particles with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
