A- steering system (10) includes a fluid pump (14) and an electro -hydraulic steering circuit (20) in selective fluid communication with the fluid pump (14). The electro-hydraulic steering circuit (20) defines a first flow path (23) having a first proportional valve (28) and a first load-sense passage (102) in selective communication with the first proportional valve (28). The first proportional valve (28) includes a closed position. A hydrostatic steering circuit (22) is in selective fluid communication with the fluid pump (14) and defines a second flow path (24) having a second proportional valve (30) and a second load-sense passage (104) in selective fluid communication with the second proportional valve (30). The second flow path (24) is in a parallel flow configuration with the first flow path (23). An isolation valve (72) is disposed in the first flow path (23) in series with the first proportional valve (28). The isolation valve (72) includes a closed position and is piloted to the closed position by fluid communicated through the second load- sense passage (104).
B62D 1/22 - Alternative steering-control elements, e.g. for teaching purposes
B62D 5/09 - Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle characterised by means for actuating valves
2.
ELECTRICAL SWITCHING APPARATUS HAVING A CRADLE WITH COMBINED PIVOT AND OVER-TOGGLE REVERSING PIN
The present invention provides for an electrical switching apparatus operating mechanism opening assembly wherein the toggle assembly stop/kicker pin has been separated into a kicker pin and a stop pin. By separating the functions of the stop/kicker pin into separate pins, the kicker pin may now be located at the pivot point of the associated link. Further, the kicker pin and the stop pin are now disposed upon a cradle assembly as opposed to an elongated link. The cradle assembly further supports one of the toggle assembly links. Thus, rotation of the cradle assembly causes the toggle assembly to move. The operating mechanism opening assembly is configured so that, when an associated latch assembly latch plate assembly is released, the cradle assembly rotates so that the toggle assembly is moved away from a closing assembly closing device.
A cassette matrix (9) having a first cassette (10) and a second cassette (10A) disposed immediately adjacent to each other is provided. The outer sides of the sidewalls of the cassettes (10, 10A) are in contact and there are no fastener components (22), such as, but not limited to, a bolt head or nut, disposed between adjacent sidewalls (12). In this configuration, the cassette matrix (9) requires a reduced amount of space within a larger housing assembly. Each cassette (10, 10A) utilizes threshold mounting fasteners (220) to coupled any components (22) to the lateral sidewall (16, 18). A threshold mounting fastener (220) does not extend outwardly beyond the general plane of the lateral sidewall (16, 18).
A modular racking system (80) removably coupled to an electrical switching apparatus (10) is provided. The modular racking system (80) includes a carriage assembly (90) structured to removably support electrical switching apparatus (10) and at least one cam follower (150) is structured to be removably coupled to the electrical switching apparatus (10).
A locking differential includes an annular center cam member freely rotatably supported within an annular central driver member without the use of any keying device, such as a snap ring, thereby to simply the construction and assembly of the differential, and to reduce cost. The center cam member is longitudinally maintained in place by the biasing forces applied to the clutch members arranged on opposite sides of the central driver member by helical compression springs arranged externally concentrically about the side gears, respectively, and by the holdout rings that are connected with the clutch members. The center cam member and the central driver member have adjacent outer and inner circumferential surfaces, respectively, that are smooth, continuous, and uninterrupted. The holdout rings are rotatably connected at their remote ends with the clutch members by integral annular outer ribs that extend within corresponding grooves contained in the counterbore wall surfaces.
A fuel vapor vent valve assembly is provided that may include a float valve and an isolation valve arranged in series with each other. Bypass openings in the valve assembly create multiple flow paths as the float valve and the isolation valve respond to changes in fuel tank pressure and fuel level. The control valve assembly may include a housing defining a chamber with a main opening configured to open the chamber to the tank, a vapor vent passage and a first bypass vent opening. A float in the chamber closes the vapor vent passage when fuel in the chamber is at or above a predetermined level. The first bypass vent opening vents the tank to the chamber even when the fuel covers the main opening. A feature on the float provides a metered opening of the vapor vent passage between closed and fully open based on float position.
A valve assembly is provided that has a valve body (30) defining first and second valve seats (34,36) and a fluid chamber (32) between the valve seats. The valve assembly includes a first valve (18) that has an extension portion (58) and a plug portion (54). The plug portion (54) is configured to be selectively seated at the first valve seat (34). The extension portion (58) is configured to extend within the fluid chamber (32) past the second valve seat (36) when the plug portion (54) is seated at the first valve seat (34). A second valve (20) is configured to interfit with the extension portion (58) to connect to the first valve (18) for common movement therewith. The second valve (20) is configured to be selectively seated at the second valve seat (31). Fluid flow through the fluid chamber (32) past the valve seats (34,36) is controlled by the common movement of the connected first and second valves (18,20).
A circuit breaker includes separable contacts, an operating mechanism structured to open and close the separable contacts, and a trip mechanism cooperating with the operating mechanism to trip open the contacts. The trip mechanism includes a current transformer structured to sense a current flowing through the contacts and provide a signal representative of the current. A manually operable selector selects one of a plurality of predetermined current conditions by using a plurality of different zener diodes. Each of the predetermined current conditions is greater than an arc reduction maintenance current condition of four times the maximum rated current of the trip mechanism. An instantaneous trip circuit cooperates with the current transformer and the manually operable selector to compare the signal representative of the current with respect to the selected one of the predetermined current conditions. The instantaneous trip circuit responsively causes the operating mechanism to instantaneously trip open the contacts.
H01H 71/12 - Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
H02H 3/00 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection
A solenoid valve assembly (10,110, 210) includes a bobbin (12, 112, 212) supporting a coil 814, 114, 214) and havin at least one protrusion (IS, 116,216) on an inner surface (18, 118, 218), an adjustment member (22, 122, 222) disposed within the bobbin and in contact with the at least one protrusion, a pole piece (24, 124, 224) disposed within the adjustment member, a valve body (26,126,226) having a seat (32, 132, 232), wherein the bobbin is disposed in contact with the seat, a spool (34, 134, 234) slideably disposed within the valve body, and a resilient member (58, 158, 258) disposed in contact with the adjustment member and the spool.
An electrical switch apparatus (1; 121, 121' ) includes a panel (127) having a first side (129) and an opposite second side (131), a housing (125) coupled to the opposite second side of the panel, separable contacts (17), an operating mechanism structured (19) to open and close the separable contacts, and a trip mechanism (21,27) cooperating with the operating mechanism to trip open the separable contacts. The trip mechanism includes a test circuit (115) structured to simulate a trip condition to trip open the separable contacts, and a proximity sensor (101; 123; 123' ) disposed on or within the housing proximate the opposite second side of the panel. The proximity sensor is structured to sense a target (133) to actuate the test circuit when the target is disposed proximate the first side of the panel and opposite the proximity sensor.
An exemplary embodiment includes a method of operating a drivetrain. The drivetrain includes a PTO (150) and a transmission (16) having multiple speed ratios. The PTO includes a PTO output member (154) and a PTO input member (152). The method includes monitoring a speed value representative of a rotational speed of a PTO component, comparing the speed value to a preselected PTO overspeed value, reducing the rotational speed of the PTO component, and overriding a manual command to increase the rotational speed of the PTO component above the preselected PTO overspeed value.
A method of detecting arcing conditions includes sensing current and HF signals therefrom; bandpass filtering the HF signals and providing filtered signals; detecting peak signals and envelopes from the filtered signals; counting occurrences of the envelopes exceeding a first value; maintaining temporary values corresponding to the peak signals; determining a trip time as a function of the current; determining if any peak signal is greater than a second value, and responsively increasing a temporary value and, otherwise, decreasing the temporary value; determining if a predetermined function of the temporary values is greater than a fifth value, and adding the temporary values to an accumulator, and otherwise, decreasing the accumulator; and tripping open the power circuit if: a difference between the occurrences of current and immediately previous half cycle having the same polarity is at least two, the accumulator is greater than a seventh value, and the trip time is reached.
TRIP UNIT AND ELECTRICAL SWITCHING APPARATUS INCLUDING A MOVABLE INDICATOR TO INDICATE SELECTION OF AN ARC REDUCTION MAINTENANCE SYSTEM CURRENT CONDITION
A trip unit includes a housing having a first opening (28) and a second opening (30). A sensor (7A) senses a current flowing in an electrical circuit and provides a signal representative of the current. A selector switch (32) is disposed proximate the first opening and selects one of predetermined instantaneous current conditions and predetermined arc reduction maintenance system current conditions. A movable indicator (34) cooperates with the selector switch, is disposed proximate the second opening, and indicates whether one of the predetermined instantaneous current conditions or one of the predetermined arc reduction maintenance system current conditions is selected by the selector switch. A trip circuit (11,20) cooperates with the sensor and the selector switch to evaluate the signal representative of the current with respect to the selected one of the predetermined instantaneous current conditions and the predetermined arc reduction maintenance system current conditions, and responsively generates a trip signal.
Discontinuous torque ratio shifts by a transmission (113) can result in complex transient exhaust conditions that can adversely affect exhaust air-fuel ratio control, which can result in ineffective lean NOX trap (105) regeneration. In extreme cases, the result can be irreversible damage to exhaust system components, particularly if an exhaust line fuel reformer (104) is in use. The inventors' concept is to alter either regeneration scheduling or shift scheduling to avoid shifting while regenerating.
A fill neck cover (12) for a capless refueling system (10) is provided with a locking mechanism (36) that selectively blocks lateral movement of the cover to prevent access to the filler neck opening and may be selectively unlocked to allow lateral movement of the cover such that the fill nozzle may be inserted into the fill opening.
A sensor assembly (2, 102) is provided for a power bus (200). The power bus (200) exhibits a number of characteristics, such as a temperature. The sensor assembly (2,102) includes an enclosure (4,104) having a housing (6,106) and a base (8,108). At least one sensor (70) such as, for example, a temperature sensor, is housed within the enclosure (4,104). The sensor (70) (e.g., temperature sensor) senses a corresponding one of the number of characteristics (e.g., temperature) of the power bus (200). A power supply (80,180) is housed within the enclosure (4,104), and cooperates with the power bus (200) to provide electrical power to the sensor (70). An elongated fastener (90) fastens the enclosure to the power bus (200). The base (8,108) of the enclosure (4,104) is adjustable with respect to the housing (6,106) of the enclosure (4,104) in order to secure the power bus (200) between the housing (6,106) and the base (8,108). The elongated fastener (90) extends around the enclosure (4,104) and the power bus (200) in order to secure the enclosure (4,104) to the power bus (200).
An assembly (42,142,242) has a first component at least partially defining a first generally tubular cavity (28,228) or channel. A barrier layer (18,118,218) is embedded within the first component to separate the first component into an inner layer (14,114,214) and an outer layer (16,116,216). The first component has a terminal end (32,132) at which the barrier layer is exposed to the first cavity. A second component at least partially defines a second cavity (54, 254). The second component is positioned with respect to the first component such that the first cavity is in communication with the second cavity. A seal (60,160,260) is used to seal the second component to the first component substantially at the barrier layer. The barrier layer and the seal thereby block at least some of the first component from permeation from the first cavity. A method is also provided.
An exhaust aftertreatment system is provided with a large channel combustor (107), a fuel reformer (108), and a lean NOx trap (109). The lean NOx trap (109) is denitrated by steps comprising: heating the fuel reformer (108) to steam reforming temperatures by introducing vaporized fuel to the large channel combustor (107) and combusting a portion of the vaporized fuel under lean conditions, then making the exhaust-injected fuel mixture overall rich, whereby the fuel reformer (108) produces syn gas that denitrates the lean NOx trap (109). The fuel reformer (108) has a low thermal mass, whereby it is designed to heat to at least about 500 2C and catalyze steam reforming reaction with each denitration. The large channel combustor (107) is a monolith having an average channel size larger than the fuel reformer (108) and a thermal mass no more than about 20% that of the fuel reformer (108), whereby the large channel combustor (107) facilitates low temperature startup of the fuel reformer (108).
F01N 3/08 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
19.
FAILSAFE EXHAUST LINE DOSING SYSTEM SOLENOID VALVE USING A REVERSIBLE ELECTRICAL COIL ASSEMBLY
A method is provided to reduce the risk that an exhaust line reductant dosing system (10) comprising a pulse width modulated solenoid valve (100) will leak reductant into the exhaust line (30). The method comprises powering the solenoid's electrical coil (102) with a current reversed from the primary direction. The resulting magnetic field exerts a force on the valve pintel (105) in the same direction as that exerted by the solenoid's spring (104). The additional force of the magnetic field can avoid or correct situations in which the valve pintel (105) does not properly engage the valve seat (106).
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
F01N 3/36 - Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
F02D 41/20 - Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
An apparatus for positioning a fill nozzle includes an elongated fill pipe assembly (12). An annular seal (50) is operatively connected within the fill pipe assembly (12) and defines a center aperture (56). The annular seal (50) is sized to seal around the fill nozzle. First and second annular restrictions (34,42) are provided within the fill pipe assembly (12). The first and second annular restrictions (34,42) define first and second apertures (36,44) that are sized to sufficiently restrict lateral movement of the fill nozzle within the fill pipe assembly (12) to maintain sealing contact of the annular seal (50) around the fill nozzle.
An inflatable coupling component tube 12 for a fluid-operated brake or clutch includes an elongated, generally tubular-shaped structure 24 of predetermined length having two ends 26a, 26b and a joint 28 between the two ends 26a, 26b that closes the tube 12 to form a generally toroidal-shaped cavity 30. A coupling component 10 for a fluid-operated brake or clutch that includes an inflatable tube 12, and a method of making an inflatable coupling component tube 12 are also disclosed.
A method is disclosed for controlling overall transmission ratios (Fig. 3) in a vehicle powertrain with an engine (10), fixed multiple-ratio gearing (24) and infinetely variable ratio components (49). For a given vehicle speed and for a given vehicle traction wheel horsepower, the fixed multiple-ratio gearing and the infinetely variable ratio components are controlled to operate with an overall ratio that will permit the engine to operate with optimum efficiency.
F16H 61/662 - Control functions within change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion specially adapted for continuously variable gearings with endless flexible members
F16H 37/08 - Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
23.
DRAW-OUT SWITCHGEAR COMPRISING A FREE-WHEELING CLUTCH
A system for connecting supply power to a motor control center pull-out (16) subunit with moveable supply power contacts (4S,48,50). After a motor control center subunit is secured into a motor control center compartment, the supply power contacts (46,48,50) may be advanced to engage supply power buses (88,90,92). For disconnection, the supply power contacts may be retracted and isolated from the buses before physical removal of the subunit. A free wheeling mechanism (202) prevents supply power contacts (46,48,50) from advancing and retracting past a preset travel range.
The present disclosure relates to a multicompound weight balanced hand grip for an implement, like a golf club grip, that has varying hardness and specific gravities in selected sections of the grip for providing an adjustable fulcrum position for the grip.
A coupling assembly for use in transmitting force includes a housing which at least partially encloses a rotatable disc (18) : The housing has a plate portion (40) with an annular force transmitting surface which is engagable with the rotatable disc. A cooling fluid channel is at least partially defined by a side of the plate portion opposite from the force transmitting surface. A plurality of projections extend into a path of flow of cooling fluid through the cooling fluid channel. A cooling fluid inlet includes a passage having a portion with a large cross section connected in fluid commication with a radially outer portion of the cooling fluid channel. A portion of the inlet passage having a small cross section is connected in fluid communication with a radially inner portion of the cooling fluid channel. Ribs extend across the radially inner and outer portions of the cooling fluid channel.
F16D 55/22 - Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
F16D 65/853 - Features relating to cooling for disc brakes with closed cooling system
A circuit interrupter includes separable contacts, a neutral conductor, an operating mechanism structured to open and close the separable contacts, and a plurality of current sensors structured to sense at least current flowing through the separable contacts. Each of the current sensors includes a primary winding and a secondary winding, the primary winding being electrically connected in series with the separable contacts. A trip mechanism is structured to cooperate with the secondary winding of the current sensors and the operating mechanism to trip open the separable contacts. A test circuit tests the current sensors and the trip mechanism. The test circuit is structured to apply a test signal directly to the secondary winding of each of the current sensors.
H02H 3/00 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection
27.
ARC FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTER AND METHOD OF DETECTING AND INTERRUPTING A RESISTIVE SERIES ARC OF A POWER CIRCUIT
An arc fault circuit interrupter includes line and load terminals, separable contacts in series between the terminals, a neutral conductor, and an operating mechanism opening and closing the contacts and tripping open the contacts in response to a trip signal. A current transformer senses current flowing through the contacts. A voltage sensor detects voltage zero crossings between the load terminal and the neutral conductor. A processor detects a resistive series arc in series with the contacts. A processor routine determines, for each half cycle, samples of the sensed current, an offset value from an average of sensed current samples proximate the voltage zero crossings for the corresponding half cycle, adjusted sensed current samples as adjusted by the offset value, a profile corresponding to a resistive series arc as a function of the sensed current samples and the adjusted samples, and the trip signal in response to occurrences of the profile.
A method of assembling a fluid-tight coupling, including a sleeve (26) and a first member (22) is provided. The sleeve (26) includes an end portion (40) generally having an axis, and the first member (22) includes a bead (34). A generally axial force is applied to at least one of the sleeve and the first member, urging a collar (70) of the end portion of the sleeve to guide along a first surface portion (52) of the bead (34). The sleeve is thereby moved in a first direction such that at least a portion of the collar (70) moves beyond at least a portion of the bead (34) such that at least a mating surface (78) of the collar is resiliently urged towards the axis and interferes with a sealing surface (60) of the bead. The sealing surface of the bead is generally annular and is defined by a non- arcuate surface that is at an angle generally equal to or less than 90 with respect to the axis.
F16L 25/12 - Joints for pipes being spaced apart axially
F16L 37/04 - Couplings of the quick-acting type in which the connection is maintained only by friction of the parts being joined with an elastic outer part pressing against an inner part by reason of its elasticity
29.
WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK USING A WIRELESS MODULE TO CONNECT A SERVER TO THE SENSORS
A wireless system includes a server having a port, a plurality of sensors or devices, each of which includes a wireless transceiver and a proximity sensor; and a wireless module. The wireless module includes a port interconnected with the port of the server, a wireless transceiver cooperating with the port of the wireless module, the wireless transceiver of the wireless module being structured to wirelessly communicate with the wireless transceiver of the sensors or devices, a proximity sensor structured to sense one of the sensors or devices, and a target structured to be sensed by the proximity sensor of such one of the sensors or devices. The port of the server is structured to cooperate with the port of the wireless module to transmit and receive wireless messages. The port of the wireless module cooperates with the wireless transceiver to transmit and receive the wireless messages.
A circuit interrupter (1) includes a housing (112), separable contacts (170,172), and an operating mechanism (19) including a latch (20). The operating mechanism opens the contacts responsive to actuation of the latch. A trip mechanism (27) cooperates with the latch to trip open the contacts. The trip mechanism includes a thermal overload mechanism (184,190) actuating the latch responsive to a thermal fault caused by current flowing through the contacts, a solenoid (98) cooperating with the thermal overload mechanism to actuate the latch responsive to the electromagnetic device being energized, and a processor (55) repetitively determining (202) a value of the current flowing through the contacts, determining (204,208) if the value exceeds a predetermined value (K1) for a number of occurrences, and responsively energizing (208,210) the solenoid, in order to actuate the latch contemporaneous with actuation of the latch by the thermal overload mechanism, in order to decrease the time to trip open the contacts
An aircraft circuit breaker (1) includes a housing (112) having an opening (123), separable contacts (100), an operating mechanism (102) structured to open and close the contacts, and a trip mechanism (104) structured to cooperate with the operating mechanism to trip open the operating mechanism. The trip mechanism includes a first bimetal (184) to trip open the operating mechanism responsive to a thermal fault, a second ambient compensation bimetal (190) to compensate the first bimetal, and an arc fault trip circuit (98,105) to trip open the operating mechanism responsive to an arc fault. An indicator (122) includes an indicator portion (108) and a leg (110) disposed from the indicator portion. A spring (111) biases the indicator portion. The second bimetal holds the leg of the indicator, thereby holding the indicator against the spring bias. The second bimetal releases the leg of the indicator responsive to the arc fault trip circuit and the arc fault, thereby releasing the indicator to the spring bias.
The invention relates to catalysts comprising precious metals supported on La stabilized refractory metal oxides. The La is provided on the surface of the refractory metal oxide in an amount to form at least about a monolayer, preferably about 1 -2 mono-layers. Preferably, the La has no crystalline structure shown by X- ray diffraction. Nd and mixtures of La and Nd can be used in place of La. In one embodiment, the catalyst is a reforming catalyst comprising an effective amount of Rh on a ZrO2 support. Preferably, the Rh is provided in a relatively low concentration, typically about 0.5% or less based on the weight of the ZrO2 support. The inventors have found that if the Rh loading is kept sufficiently low, the Rh can be maintained in the form of small particles (less than 5 nm, typically about 2 nm or less) through lean rich cycling as a consequence of an effect involving the La.
B01D 53/94 - Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
A lean NOX trap is a diesel exhaust aftertreatment system is selectively denitrated in a manner that addresses unreliability of NOX sensor data. According to one concept, data from a NOX sensor is ignored or given decreased weight in a period immediately following a denitration. According to another concept, denitration is made contingent on both a first and a second criteria being met. The first criteria relates to the amount of NOX stored in the LNT or remaining NOX storage capacity of the LNT. The second criteria relates to the current performance of the exhaust treatment system, or a portion thereof, as determined from one or more measurements of NOX concentration in the exhaust. This reduces premature denitrations and associated unnecessary fuel expenditures resulting from inaccurate NOX concentration data and transient events
B01D 53/94 - Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
F01N 3/08 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
34.
LOCKING DIFFERENTIAL INCLUDING DISENGAGEMENT RETAINING MEANS
A locking differential includes a pair of annular clutch members (68,70) that are normally displaced apart to effect engagement between clutch teeth (110) on the remote ends of the clutch members and corresponding gear teeth (112) on the adjacent ends of a pair of side gears (64,66) between which the clutch members are colinearly arranged. When one output shaft (60,62) overruns the other by a predetermined amount, the clutch member associated with the overrunning output shaft is disengaged from its associated side gear. A retaining device retains the clutch members in the disengaged condition until the overrunning condition is terminated. In one embodiment, the retaining device is a cam arm (120) and follower pin (130) arrangement that is connected between the clutch members and operates in conjunction with a pair of friction rings. In a second embodiment, the retaining device comprises a pair of holdout rings (220,222) that operate between the clutch members and the side gears.
A non-contacting rotary face seal assembly (10) includes a first sealing member, including a first sealing face and a first magnetic element (20); and a second sealing member, including a second sealing face and a second magnetic element (30). The first and second magnetic elements (20, 30) of the first and second sealing members provide a magnetic repulsion force between the first and second magnetic elements (20, 30) such that the magnetic repulsion force separates the first and second sealing faces before hydrodynamic or hydrostatic forces associated with rotation of the second sealing member become sufficient to prevent the first and second sealing faces from contacting.
A hydraulic system (10) has high priority hydraulic functions (17,18,19) connected to a primary supply line (15) that receives pressurized fluid from a source and low priority hydraulic functions (20) connected to secondary supply line (16). A priority valve (28) couples the primary supply line to the secondary supply line. The priority valve detects when the source is unable to furnish enough pressurized fluid to satisfy the demands of all the high and low priority hydraulic functions. In that case the priority valve reduces or eliminates fluid flow between the primary and secondary supply lines.
A lean NOx trap (105) is a diesel exhaust aftertreatment system (103) is selectively denitrated based on a measure relating to the state and/or the performance of the exhaust aftertreatment system (103), or a portion thereof comprising the lean NOx trap (105), reaching a critical value. The critical value is varied according to the demands currently being place on the exhaust aftertreatment system (103). In one embodiment, the critical value is set based on engine speed- load information. The method regenerates more frequently when exhaust aftertreatment demands are high and less frequently when demands are low. The method improves aftertreatment performance while reducing aftertreatment fuel penalty.
F01N 3/08 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
F02D 41/02 - Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
A lean NOX trap (105) is a diesel exhaust aftertreatment system (103) is selectively denitrated when a measure relating to NOX loading, remaining NOX storage capacity, or performance of the exhaust aftertreatment system (103) or a portion thereof comprising the lean NOX trap (105) reaches a critical value. The critical value is determined based in part on conduciveness of current conditions to regenerating the lean NOX trap (105). Accordingly, denitration is scheduled based on a balance between the urgency of the need to regenerate and conduciveness of current conditions to regeneration. The stopping point for regeneration can also be selected based on conduciveness of current conditions to regeneration. The method maintains exhaust aftertreatment performance while reducing regeneration fuel penalty.
A device for a motor vehicle is provided. The device may comprise an input shaft for supplying torque, a clutch configured for selectively transferring the torque, a first gear configured for connection to the clutch, and a second gear connected to the first gear. The second gear may be fixed to the device so that the second gear is not free to rotate. The device may further comprise an output shaft for receiving the torque. The device may be configured to control the amount of torque transferred to the output shaft.
B60K 17/35 - Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having differential means for driving one set of wheels, e.g. the front, at one speed and the other set, e.g. the rear, at a different speeds including arrangements for suppressing or influencing the power transfer, e.g. viscous clutches
B60W 10/00 - Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
40.
ROTARY BLOWER WITH CORROSION-RESISTANT ABRADABLE COATING
A rotary blower rotor (39) includes a rotor body having a corrosion-resistant coating (63) covering the rotor body. An abradable coating (61) covers at least a portion of the corrosion-resistant coating for providing an essentially zero operating clearance for increasing a volumetric efficiency of the rotary blower. A rotary blower including such a rotor is also provided.
F04C 18/12 - Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
An armature 18 for a solenoid assembly 10 is disclosed. The armature includes a first portion 22, a second portion 24, and a fin 26. The first portion has a first axial length AL1 and a first diameter D1, and the first portion is configured for operative connection with a pole piece 14. The second portion has a second axial length AL2 and a second diameter D2 that is larger than the first diameter. The fin 24 extends radially from the second portion 22 and has an axial length AL3 that is less than the axial length AL2 of the second portion. A solenoid assembly is also disclosed.
The inventors' concept relates to controlling a power generation system (100) having an exhaust aftertreatment system comprising a fuel reformer (104) and an LNT (105) in series. Over the course of a desulfation, a fuel injection upstream of the fuel reformer (104) is pulsed to create alternating lean and rich phases and control the LNT (105) temperature. The LNT (105) temperature is controlled by manipulating a minimum temperature for the fuel reformer (104) at the end of the lean phase, a length of the lean phase, or a pulse frequency. Preferably, the rich phases end when the fuel reformer (104) reaches a predetermined maximum temperature. The method is effective in regulating the fuel reformer (104) temperature while accurately controlling the LNT (105) temperature.
F01N 3/08 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
F02D 41/02 - Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
43.
ROTARY FLUID PRESSURE DEVICE WITH MODULAR MULTI-SPEED CONTROL MECHANISM
A rotary fluid pressure device (11) includes a plate assembly (17) having a plate member (71) and at least one cover plate (105), which defines a mounting surface (107) adapted for sealing engagement with an exterior surface (77) of the plate member (71), or at least one control valve assembly (105), which defines a mounting surface (117) adapted for sealing engagement with the exterior surface (77). The cover plate assembly (105), when mounted to the exterior surface (77), provides fluid communication between openings (95, 97) of upstream and downstream fluid passages (91, 93), thereby providing single- speed functionality. The control valve assembly (115), when mounted to the exterior surface (77), provides selective fluid communication between the openings (95, 97) of upstream and downstream fluid passages (91, 93), thereby providing multi-speed functionality.
F03C 2/08 - Rotary-piston engines of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
F04C 2/10 - Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of internal-axis type with the outer member having more teeth or tooth-equivalents, e.g. rollers, than the inner member
A valve (10) is provided. The valve (10) may include a housing (12) defining a cavity (32). A first end (20) of the housing may define a opening (24) configured to be closed by a flapper door (46). The valve (10) may further include a hinge (14) formed integrally with the housing (12). The hinge (14) may extend from an upper portion of the housing (12) and be configured to receive the flapper door (46). In an embodiment, at least a portion of the hinge (14) extends beyond the opening (24). The hinge (14) may provide a pivot point for the flapper door (46) that is at our above the opening (24) of the housing (12).
An oil condition and level sensor is provided that includes a solenoid body, a coil, an armature and a pole piece. The solenoid body defines an armature chamber between the armature and the pole piece. The armature is movable in the armature chamber in response to energizing of the coil. In an oil condition sensing system, the coil is operatively connected to a controller which can determine at least one of an oil temperature, oil viscosity, oil level, and an oil change occurrence. In one embodiment, four oil levels, including an overfill oil level and an excessively low oil level maybe detected. The sensor is referred to as an integrated oil condition and level sensor as multiple sensing functions are integrated into one sensor.
G01N 11/10 - Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity or plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material
G01F 23/00 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
A decoupling assembly (200) structured to decouple the charging motor (70) and the charging assembly cam shaft (74) is provided. The decoupling assembly (200) includes a lifter pin assembly (220) and an elongated second end (212) to a link member (172) in the over-running clutch assembly (140). The link member (172) supports a pawl (178) which engages an over-running clutch assembly sprocket (142). The pawl (178) is disposed on one side of a link member (172) that is pivotally attached to an over-running clutch assembly hub assembly (144). The link member (172) is structured to pivot in a 'see-saw' like manner and thereby move the pawl (178) between a first position, wherein the pawl (178) engages the sprocket (142), and a second position, wherein the pawl (178) does not engage the sprocket (142). The lifter pin assembly (220) includes a lifter pin (222) that is structured to engage the link member second end (212) and thereby move the pawl (178) between the first position and the second position.
An over running clutch assembly for an electrical switching apparatus is provided. The over running clutch assembly includes a sprocket and a hub assembly. The hub assembly is rotatably coupled to the sprocket and structured to rotate in a charging direction relative to the sprocket. The sprocket is fixed to a motor shaft. The hub assembly is structured to be disengagably fixed to a cam shaft in the charging assembly. A manual charging handle is also coupled to the cam shaft and is structured to rotate the cam shaft in a charging direction. In this configuration, an operator may charge the closing springs of the electrical switching apparatus using either the handle assembly or the motor. When the handle assembly is used to charge the closing springs, the cam shaft causes the hub assembly to rotate over the sprocket. Thus, the rotation of the cam shaft is not transferred to the motor. When the motor is used, the motor turns both the sprocket and the hub assembly. The hub assembly transfers the rotational force from the motor to the cam shaft.
A clutch apparatus includes a clutch pack having a plurality of friction disks. The clutch pack will selectively transfer torque from a torque supplying member to a first torque receiving member. The apparatus also includes a first cooling fluid inlet. At least a portion of the fluid is supplied through the first cooling inlet to a first friction surface. The apparatus further includes a second cooling inlet. The fluid is supplied through the second cooling inlet to a second friction surface. The first cooling fluid inlet will selectively supply a greater volumetric flow of the fluid than the volumetric flow of the second cooling inlet.
F16D 25/12 - Fluid-actuated clutches - Details not specific to one of the before-mentioned types
F16D 25/0638 - Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs with more than two discs, e.g. multiple lamellae
F16D 25/10 - Clutch systems with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches
A pressure control valve assembly (10) including a valve body (20) with a valving cavity, a metal insert (30), a member (40) and ball (50), a plastic internal ball guide (60), and a plug (70). The metal insert (30), which is received within the valving cavity, includes an exhaust port (130), a pressure control port (140), a supply port (100), and a plug-receiving end. The plastic internal ball guide (60) is included within a portion of the metal insert (30). The member (40) extends within a portion of the insert and is movable with respect to the exhaust port (130), the member (40) moving a ball (50) with respect to a supply port (100). In an embodiment, a plug (70) is received within the plug-receiving end of the insert (30). A method for making a valve body (20) for a valve assembly (10) is also disclosed.
A changeable grip 20 for a shock imparting implement grip has a body 22, ferrule element 24, and a sleeve 26. The body 22 and sleeve 26 portions of the grip are threadably connected to the ferrule element 24 which is attached to the shaft 14 of a shock imparting implement.
An arc fault and/or ground fault circuit interrupter (100) includes an operating mechanism (115) structured to open and close separable contacts (110), a trip mechanism (150) cooperating with the operating mechanism (115) to trip open the separable contacts (110), a test button (140) structured to test the trip mechanism (150), an indicator (145, 146), and a controller (120) structured to configure a setting of the circuit interrupter (100) and operate the indicator (145, 146) to indicate the setting in response to an actuation of the test button (140).
H01H 83/20 - Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition
H02H 3/33 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers
52.
ARC FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTER AND METHOD OF PARALLEL AND SERIES ARC FAULT DETECTION
An arc fault circuit interrupter (2) includes separable contacts (4), a neutral conductor (27), an operating mechanism (6) structured to open and close the separable contacts, at least one current sensor (8,50,52) structured to sense current flowing through the separable contacts and output a sensed current value; and a processor (14). The processor (14) includes a first routine (34) structured to provide parallel arc fault detection, a second routine (200) structured to provide series arc fault detection, and a third routine (400) structured to enable (404) the first routine and disable the second routine for a predetermined time when the sensed current value is greater than a predetermined value and to enable (405) the second routine and disable the first routine for the predetermined time when the sensed current value is less than the predetermined value.
An arc fault circuit interrupter includes separable contacts, an operating mechanism, a current sensor sensing current flowing through the contacts and outputting a sensed current, and a processor determining and storing peak values of the sensed current for plural half-cycles. The processor provides arc fault detection, determines whether a first predetermined plurality of half-cycles occur in succession and correspond to non-unity power factor, and responsively inhibits the detection for a first predetermined time, and whether a second predetermined plurality of half-cycles occur in succession, each with smaller peak amplitude than that of an immediately preceding half-cycle of like or differing polarity, and responsively inhibits the detection for a second predetermined time. The processor determines that the detection is not inhibited for the first and second predetermined times, and responsively indicates that any of the half-cycles having a peak amplitude greater than a predetermined amount is a parallel arc.
A locking differential includes a pair of clutch members (146,148) that are biased together by a resilient disc and friction pack assembly toward a cross pin (144) that extends diametrically across the central chamber of a cylindrical housing (104) driven by the drive shaft of a vehicle, thereby to drive a pair of side gears (154, 156) and the output shafts splined thereto. The cross-pin extends within operating cam grooves (150) contained in the adjacent faces of the clutch members, such that when the rotational velocity of one output shaft exceeds that of the other by a predetermined amount, the friction pack assembly (164,166) of the faster shaft is operated to a non- compressed condition, thereby to disengage the over-running output shaft from the drive shaft. The resilient disc devices may be annular wave springs, or resilient disc springs.
The disclosed multiple-ratio power transmission mechanism for a vehicle includes main transmission gearing and countershaft gearing that establish selectively plural power flow paths from an engine to vehicle traction wheels. Ratio change clutches (38, 58, 66, 90) are engageable selectively to establish power flow paths and pre-selected power flow during a ratio shift sequence throughout an extended overall ratio spread without a requirement for additional gearing.
F16H 3/08 - Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously- meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
F16H 3/097 - Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously- meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts the input and output shafts being aligned on the same axis
56.
DUAL CLUTCH TRANSMISSION WITH MULTIPLE RANGE GEARING
A vehicle powertrain comprising a multiple speed transmission (10) with ratio range gearing (12) is disclosed. The range gearing (12) provides increased ratio coverage. A transition between a low speed range and a high speed range is achieved with no torque interruption whereby a gear ratio shift between the highest gear ratio in the low speed range and the lowest gear ratio in the high speed range occurs in a seamless fashion.
F16H 37/08 - Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
57.
CLOSED LOOP CONTROL OF EXHAUST SYSTEM FLUID DOSING
An exhaust line fuel injection system (1) and associated methods of operation and control are disclosed. The fuel passes through a regulating valve (11, 60, 70, 80) having an inlet (62, 81) connected to a pressurized fuel source (20) and an outlet (63, 82) connected to an exhaust system fuel supply line (15). The exhaust system fuel supply line (15) is connected to a nozzle (12, 40, 50, 60), which generally comprises a check-valve and is configured to inject the fuel into the exhaust line (30, 100). Using a pressure measuring device (13), an indication of the exhaust system fuel supply line pressure is obtained. A controller (14, 119) provides control over the flow regulating valve (11, 60, 70, 80) using feedback from the pressure indication and a predetermined relationship between the flow rate through the nozzle (12, 40, 50, 60) and one of the exhaust system fuel supply line pressure and the pressure drop across the nozzle (12, 40, 50, 60). The method can be implemented with a single pressure measuring device (13). The same pressure measurements, especially their frequency spectrum, can be used to detect system faults.
An actuator position control system (11) comprises an actuator (21); at least one actuator position sensor mounted to the actuator; a flow control valve (17) having at least one main stage spool, at least one spool position sensor (33) that monitors the position of the main stage spool, a supply port (37), a tank port (39), a first control port (41), and a second control port (43), wherein the flow control valve (17) is in fluid communication with the actuator (21); a plurality of fluid pressure sensors (31a-31d) for monitoring pressure of fluid at the supply port (37), the tank port (39), the first control port (41), and the second control port (43) of the flow control valve (17); and a controller (19) being in electrical communication with the flow control valve (17).
F15B 15/02 - Mechanical layout characterised by the means for converting the movement of the fluid-actuated element into movement of the finally-operated member
F15B 9/08 - Servomotors with follow-up action, i.e. in which the position of the actuated member conforms with that of the controlling member with servomotors of the reciprocatable or oscillatable type controlled by valves affecting the fluid feed or the fluid outlet of the servomotor
F15B 11/08 - Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action with only one servomotor
F15B 21/08 - Servomotor systems incorporating electrically- operated control means
A torsion damping mechanism for a rotary blower is provided that has improved durability and ease of installation into the rotary blower. A rotary blower including a torsion damping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention is also provided.
A vent valve (10) comprising an outer sleeve (20) including a vent window (22); a housing (24) disposed within the outer sleeve (20), the housing (24) including a vent slot (26); a baffle (30) disposed in front of the vent slot (26). Embodiments of the invention may include a float (34) disposed within the outer sleeve (20), a flapper (36) disposed within the outer sleeve (20), an end cap (40), and/or a venting orifice (32). In an embodiment the vent window (22) and the vent slot (26) may oppose one another and can, for instance, be positioned approximately 180° apart.
F16K 24/04 - Devices, e.g. valves, for venting or aerating enclosures for venting only
F16K 31/22 - Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid actuated by a float actuating a lift valve with the float rigidly connected to the valve
B60K 15/035 - Fuel tanks characterised by venting means
A method is provided for suppressing a predetermined portion of an optical spectrum emanating from a light emitter. The optical spectrum illuminates an illumination area. The method includes the steps of fabricating a filter (56) having a spectrophotometric transmittance and varying the spectrophotometric transmittance of the filter (56) by reducing its cross sectional thickness. The filter (56) is positioned between the light emitter and the illumination area, such that the filter (56) absorbs the predetermined portion of the optical spectrum.
G02B 23/12 - Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices with means for image conversion or intensification
62.
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORK AND METHOD OF DYNAMIC CHANNEL SELECTION OF A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORK
A method of dynamic channel selection for a wireless communication network employs a first wireless communication channel of a first wireless radio (5) of each of a network coordinator (NC) and a number of network devices (ND) for wireless communication therebetween. A number of different second wireless communication channels are monitored with a second wireless radio (6) of the network coordinator (NC). One of the different second wireless communication channels is selected as a function of background noise level or message traffic. The first wireless communication channel is monitored with the first wireless radio (5) of the network coordinator (NC). The first wireless communication channel is determined to have unsatisfactory quality and an identification of the selected one of the different second wireless communication channels is responsively broadcast to the network devices. The selected one of the different second wireless communication channels is employed for wireless communication between the network coordinator (NC) and the network devices (ND).
An apparatus for repeatably generating electrical arcs for testing an electrical switching device, such as an arc fault circuit interrupter, includes a stationary electrode and a movable electrode that is moved along a path of travel by an electromechanical device under the control of a controller that receives data from either a current measuring device or a voltage measuring device to detect the initiation of an arc. The movable electrode is caused to first make physical contact with the stationary electrode, and then is moved away from the stationary electrode until an arc is detected. Additionally, the movable electrode may be moved towards and away from the stationary electrode according to a test profile to control the magnitude of the randomness of the arc.
A check valve for connection in a fuel tank filler tube. The valve has a tubular body with a plurality of radially inwardly extending projections on the inner surface of the tubular body or mounting adaptor. A valve seat is disposed downstream of the ribs, and an aperture is formed in the side of the tubular body. When the end of a siphoning hose is inserted into the check valve, the projections deflect the hose through the aperture to facilitate further insertion of the hose into the tank.
An actuator installation bracket is provided for a water shutoff system including a water line, a shutoff valve having a stem, and an actuator. The actuator includes a housing having first and second ends, sides, and a pivotable actuating member. The actuator installation bracket includes a first mounting portion having first and second ends and a base portion extending therebetween. The base portion includes a number of apertures and receives the actuator. A second mounting portion extends outwardly from the base portion and is coupled to one of the water line and the shutoff valve, in order that the pivotable actuating member of the actuator is aligned with a corresponding one of the apertures of the base portion and with the stem of the shutoff valve. A key couples the pivotable actuating member to the shutoff valve stem to open and close the shutoff valve.
F16K 31/04 - Operating means; Releasing devices magnetic using a motor
G01M 3/28 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for valves
An arc plate (100,100') for a circuit breaker arc chute assembly (50) includes first and second portions (102,104) coupled to opposing sidewalls (52,54) of the arc chute assembly (50), first and second ends (106,108), and a throat portion (110) between the first and second portions (102,104) and including an aperture (112). The aperture (112) extends from the first end (106) toward the second end (108) and includes an end section (114), an intermediate neck section (116) adjacent the end section (114), and an interior section (118) adjacent the intermediate neck section (116) and distal from the end section (114). The end section (114) has a first width (120) and attracts and directs an arc (12) toward the intermediate neck section (116). The intermediate neck section (116) tapers from the first width (120) of the end section (114) to a second width (122), further attracting the arc (12) and directing it into the interior section (118). The interior section (118) includes a taper (124) and turns with respect to the intermediate neck section (116), in order to attract and retain the arc (12).
An arc baffle (200,200') for an arc chute assembly (50) of a circuit breaker (2) includes a first baffle member (202) disposed at or about the second end (52) of the arc chute assembly (50) and including a plurality of first venting holes (204), a second baffle member (206) including a plurality of second venting holes (208) and being coupled to and disposed opposite from the first baffle member (202), and a filter assembly (250,250') disposed at or about the second baffle member (206) and including a number of filter elements (252,254,256; 252',254',256'). The first and second venting holes (204,208) of the first and second baffle members (202,206) are offset to induce turbulent flow ( 18) of ionized gases ( 16) being discharged from the arc chute assembly (50). The filter elements (252,254,256; 252',254',256') of the filter assembly (250,250') filter the turbulent flow (18). An arc chute assembly (50) and an electrical switching apparatus (2) are also disclosed.
A gassing insulator (300) for the arc chute assembly (50) of a circuit breaker (2) includes a number of insulating members (302,304). The arc chute assembly (50) includes first and second opposing sidewalls (102,104), and arc plates (100) having first and second ends (106,108) and first and second legs (102,104). Each insulating member (302,304) includes a first side (306,308) coupled to one of the first and second opposing sidewalls (52,54) of the arc chute assembly (50), a second side (310,312) disposed generally opposite the first side (306,308), a first end (314,316) disposed at or about the first ends (108) of the arc plates (100), and a second end (318,320) disposed distal from the first end (314,316) of the insulating member (302,304) and extending toward the second ends (108) of the arc plates (100). The first side (306,308) of the insulating member (302,304) overlays at least one of the first and second legs (102,104) of the arc plates (100), in order to electrically insulate them. An arc chute assembly (50) and an electrical switching apparatus (2) are also disclosed.
A crimping apparatus (100) includes a support structure (110) with an alignment element (113a, 113b) and a plurality of retainers (142) movably attached to the support structure and radially arranged about an axis (102) of the crimping apparatus. Each retainer includes an engagement structure (150). The crimping apparatus further includes a plurality of crimping members (182) with an engagement element (190). Each engagement element is configured to interact with the engagement structure of a respective one of the plurality of retainers to removably connect each of the crimping members to a respective one of the plurality of retainers. The crimping apparatus further includes a tool (200) configured to simultaneously support the plurality of crimping members. The tool includes an alignment structure (204, 206a, 206b) configured to interact with the alignment element of the support structure to provide substantial radial alignment between the engagement element of each of the crimping members and the corresponding engagement structure of the respective retainers. The tool can also include a locking member (860) configured to selectively lock the position of the tool with respect to the support structure.
B21D 39/04 - Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with rods
70.
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORK, SUB-SYSTEM THEREFOR AND METHOD OF CONFIGURING A NON-NATIVE NETWORK DEVICE EMPLOYING AN ADAPTER
A sub-system for a wireless communication network includes a fob and an adapter. The fob includes a portable housing, a first wireless port structured to wirelessly communicate with a server, a second port structured to communicate with a native network device when the second port engages or is proximate to the native network device, and a processor operatively associated with the first wireless port and the second port. The processor is structured to receive engagement or proximity information from the second port, and send information to the server from the first wireless port. The sent information pertains to the native network device or to a non- native network device. An adapter includes a housing having a target. When the second port is properly positioned with respect to the target, the fob responsively participates in a joining procedure of the non-native network device to the server.
A clutch disc assembly for a friction torque device has a clutch damper assembly which includes a hub defining an axis of rotation and a concentric steel disc. The damper assembly includes a plurality of cushion elements fixed to the steel disc. First and second friction rings are disposed on opposite sides of the cushion elements and are rotatively fixed to the steel disc. First and second friction discs have an equal number of keyhole slots defining an equal number of arms. A friction pad is fixed to each arm, with friction pads on the first friction disc being in substantial alignment with the friction pads on the second friction disc.
An apparatus (10) separates liquid, gas and solid components of a mixture in a fluid system. An inlet (20) for receiving the mixture opens into a separation chamber (14) tangentially. with a cylindrical side wall (11) and a gas outlet (45) has an opening in a first end wall (16) adjacent the inlet (20) to allow gas to exit the separator (10). A fluid outlet (24) is located in an opposing second end wall (26). A debris passage (32) extends through the cylindrical side wall (11) and oriented so that the radial velocity of the particles within the separation chamber (14) directs the particles through the debris passage (32). The debris passage (32) leads to a particle collection chamber (34) in which the particles accumulate. Unlike prior separators that relied on the tangential velocity of the particles, the present apparatus utilizes the greater radial, velocity to drive the particles from the separation chamber into the particle collection chamber.
B01D 21/00 - Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
B04C 5/14 - Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements
B04C 11/00 - Accessories, e.g. safety or control devices, not otherwise provided for
F16N 29/00 - Special means in lubricating arrangements or systems providing for the indication or detection of undesired conditions; Use of devices responsive to conditions in lubricating arrangements or systems
F16N 39/00 - Arrangements for conditioning of lubricants in the lubricating system
An improved differential gear mechanism is characterized by a cam mechanism (41 ) including a first cam member (42) fixed to rotate with one of said output gears (23, 25) and a second cam member (43) free to rotate relative to said first cam member (42) and said output gear (23, 25). The first cam member (42) defines a first cam surface (45) and the second cam member (43) defines a second cam surface (47) engagable with the first cam surface to impart movement of the second cam member (43) along axis (A-A). The first cam member (42) comprises a powdered metal component, which provides consistency in the cam surface profile and eliminates the substantial capital equipment needed to machine the cam surface (45).
A method of controlling an internal combustion engine boosting system of the type including an exhaust-driven turbocharger (33) and a mechanically- driven supercharger (15). The supercharger (15) includes rotors (21) and a clutch (27) operable in a first condition (FIG. 1) to transmit torque from a mechanical drive source (E) to a supercharger input (25) in response to a positive input (75), and operable in a second condition (FlG. 2) to interrupt the transmission of torque from the source (E) to the input (25). The method is characterized by determining possible operation of the clutch (27) in a first condition (FIG. 1); and commanding a bypass valve (53) toward a closed position (FIG. 1), forcing air through the supercharger (15). The airflow causes the supercharger rotors (21) to rotate, thus rotating the input (25) of the supercharger prior to the clutch (27) operating in the first condition (FIG. 1).
A maintenance-free electrical bus assembly is provided for a switchgear cabinet. The maintenance-free electrical bus assembly is coupled to a switchgear device in the cabinet, and includes electrical bus members, at least one bus joint comprising an electrical connection of two or more electrical bus members, and a fastener assembly fastening the bus joint and maintaining the electrical connection between the electrical bus members thereof. The fastener assembly includes at least one first fastening element having a plurality of first threads, and at least one second fastening element having a plurality of second threads. The second threads threadably engage the first threads of a corresponding first fastening element, in order to perpetually secure the first threads and the corresponding first fastening element, and to resist undesirable loosening of the bus joint once the fastener assembly has been fastened. Thus, inaccessible bus joints within the cabinet do not need to be inspected.
H01R 4/10 - Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation
One of the inventors' concepts relates to controlling a temperature of a diesel exhaust aftertreatment device, such as a DPF or a fuel reformer, in which combustion is taking place. The concept is to inject reductant to combust in an upstream device, thereby removing oxygen in the exhaust and limiting combustion in the downstream device. The same total amount of heat may be generated, but the distribution is different and limits temperatures in the downstream device. The temperature limiting effect may be through one or more of the thermal storage capacity of the upstream device and or other upstream devices, the additional heat loss to the surroundings due to higher temperatures upstream in the exhaust system, or the benefit of a more uniform distribution of heat in the downstream device, which mitigates local hot spots. This concept may be used in a temperature control system.
B01D 53/94 - Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
F01N 3/025 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
F01N 3/08 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
F02D 41/02 - Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
A method is provided for regenerating a LNT (13) in a diesel engine (9) exhaust aftertreatment system (7). Typically, the aftertreatment system (7) comprises a fuel reformer (12), a LNT (13), and a SCR catalyst (14) in that order. Over the course of the regeneration, the concentration or flow rate of syn gas is increased, peaked, and then reduced. Preferably, the syn gas concentration or flow rate and the fuel reformer (12) temperature are simultaneously controlled using at least a fuel injector and an engine intake air throttle. The pattern of increasing the syn gas concentration or flow rate during a first part of the regeneration and decreasing the syn gas concentration of flow rate in a latter part of the regeneration reduces the fuel penalty for the regeneration and improves the ammonia production rate as compared to a system in which the syn gas concentration or flow rate is essentially constant throughout the regeneration.
F01N 3/08 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
B01D 53/94 - Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
F02D 41/02 - Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
78.
APPARATUS FOR TESTING AN ARC FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTER
A test apparatus tests an arc fault circuit breaker with an arc fault generator having an input and an output. The test apparatus includes a first electrical connector electrically connected to the load side of an arc fault circuit interrupter. A second electrical connector is electrically connected to the input of the arc fault generator. A third electrical connector is electrically connected to the output of the arc fault generator. A plurality of fourth electrical connectors are electrically connected to one or more of a plurality of masking loads. A fifth electrical connector is electrically connected to another load. A two pole, plural position rotary selector switch provides a plurality of different configurations of at least the arc fault generator and the one or more masking loads downstream of the load side of the arc fault circuit breaker.
A flap actuator (10) is provided for controlling movement of a flap (18) on a wing (12) of an aircraft. The flap actuator (10) includes a housing (124) having a leading end and a trailing end. A ball nut (92) is rotatably supported in the housing (124). A motor (32) has a rotatable drive shaft that is rotatable in first and second opposite directions. A gear assembly translates rotation of the drive shaft to the ball nut (92). A ball screw (98) extends along a longitudinal axis and has a terminal end operatively connectable to the flap (18). The ball screw (98) is movable between a first retracted in response to rotation of the ball nut (92) in a first direction and a second extended position in response to rotation of the ball nut (92) in a second direction. A one-way roller clutch (126) is operatively connectable to the ball nut (92). The roller clutch (126) engages the housing (124) and prevents rotation of the ball nut (92) in a first direction in response to a compressive force on the ball screw (98) by the flap (118). First and second concentric gimbals (134 and 136) are positioned about the longitudinal axis adjacent the housing (124). The gimbals (134 and 136) interconnect the housing (124) to the wing (12).
An Fe-Ni-based alloy that has improved wear resistance at high temperature over Ni-based superalloys is provided. The alloy is particularly useful for manufacturing engine exhaust valves and other high temperature engine components subjected to corrosion, wear and oxidation.
A circuit breaker includes separable contacts, an operating mechanism structured to open and close the separable contacts, a current sensor structured to sense current flowing through the separable contacts, a microprocessor cooperating with the sensor and the operating mechanism to trip open the separable contacts, and a power supply structured to at least power the microprocessor. The microprocessor includes a configurable clock and a routine structured to reduce current consumption from the power supply through modulation of the configurable clock.
A modular bus assembly for a loadcenter is provided. The loadcenter includes a non-conductive bus support assembly having a planar member with an upper side, a plurality of upper sidewalls, and at least one opening through the planar member. The plurality of upper sidewalls defining at least one upper channel. At least one lateral bus member having an elongated body with a first end terminal, a first lateral portion, an offset, central portion, an offset second lateral portion, and a second end terminal is disposed with the channel. The first end terminal, the first lateral portion, and the second end terminal are in, generally, a first plane. The offset, central portion is offset in a first direction from the first plane and the offset, second lateral portion is offset in a second direction from the first plane. In this configuration the lateral bus member is reversible so that either the offset central portion or the offset, second lateral portion is disposed within the planar member opening.
A fuel reformer (12) is configured in an exhaust line upstream of a lean NOx trap (13). To desulfate the lean NOx trap (13), over a first period, fuel is provided to the exhaust to make the exhaust rich. While producing reformate, the reformer (12) is allowed to heat to a relatively large extent, typically at least about 75°C. Before the reformer (12) overheats, the provision of fuel is reduced and typically stopped entirely for a second period, over which the reformer (12) cools. The heating and cooling periods are repeated to complete the desulfation process. The reduced efficiency of operating the reformer (12) over an extended temperature range is more than compensated for by the benefits of extending the rich pulse
F01N 3/00 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
F01N 3/10 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
84.
METHOD FOR ESTIMATING CLUTCH ENGAGEMENT PARAMETERS IN A STRATEGY FOR CLUTCH MANAGEMENT IN A VEHICLE POWERTRAIN
A method is disclosed for estimating clutch engagement characteristics (30) of a friction clutch system in a vehicle powertrain (14, 10, 12, 26). A dynamic model (42) of the system is used under conditions that cause clutch slipping. Algebraic equations defining a functional relationship between clutch torque and an engagement angle have characteristic parameters that are estimated using a non-linear least squares technique (62). A non-linear least squares technique (62) iteratively minimizes the difference between a measured output clutch disk speed and an output clutch disk speed from the system dynamic model (42) for the same inputs until a small insignificant error is reached (64). Parameter estimates are used to compile an estimated clutch engagement characteristic (28).
A rotary fluid pressure device (11 ) has a stationary valve member (17), a rotatable valve member (51 ), and a valve seating mechanism (73). The valve seating mechanism (73) defines an outer balance ring member (75) having a valve-confronting surface (79) in engagement with an opposite surface (81 ) of the rotatable valve member (51 ) and an inner balance ring member (77) having a valve-confronting surface (111 ) in engagement with the opposite surface (81 ) of the rotatable valve member (51 ), with the outer balance ring member (75) and the inner balance ring member (77) being structurally independent from the other. The outer balance ring member (75) and the inner balance ring member (77) define a balance ring passage (71 ) which provides continuous fluid communication between a fluid inlet (53) or a fluid outlet (53) and the valve passages (61 ) in the rotatable valve member (51 ).
F01C 1/10 - Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of internal-axis type with the outer member having more teeth or tooth-equivalents, e.g. rollers, than the inner member
F01C 19/08 - Axially-movable sealings for working fluids
The present disclosure relates to a multicompound hand grip for an implement, like a golf club grip, that has varying hardness in selected areas. The grip has an inner sleeve and an outer panel. The inner sleeve is made of a first elastomeric material and includes selected raised portions that provide a reinforcement ridge in some embodiments to provide varying hardness at selected locations or areas. The sleeve is made of a material having a durometer value that differs from the material and the durometer value of the outer panel to provide a grip with good tactile feel and gripping qualities.
An exhaust aftertreatment system including a lean NOx trap (13), an ammonia-SCR catalyst (16), and an additional catalyst (14) configured in between. The lean NOx trap (13) adsorbs NOx from lean exhaust and produces ammonia during regeneration. The ammonia-SCR catalyst (16), catalyst adsorbs most of that ammonia and subsequently uses that ammonia to reduce NOx. The additional catalyst (14) is adapted to reduce the concentration of hydrocarbons in the exhaust during lean NOx trap (13) regeneration and thereby mitigate hydrocarbon poisoning of the ammonia-SCR catalyst (16), In one embodiment, the additional catalyst (14) is a hydrocarbon-SCR catalyst (14''). In another embodiment, the additional catalyst (14) is an oxidation catalyst (14''). In a further embodiment, the additional catalyst (14) is a hydrocarbon adsorbent. An oxidation catalyst (14''') can be made to store oxygen for hydrocarbon oxidation while avoiding excessive oxidation of ammonia by appropriately limiting that oxygen storage capacity.
B01D 53/94 - Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
F01N 3/023 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
88.
ON-BOARD REFUELING VAPOR RECOVERY SYSTEM WITH VENT LINE CHECK VALVE
An on-board refueling vapor recovery system includes a shutoff mechanism that closes a first vapor path between the fuel tank and the filler cup when liquid fuel in the tank reaches a predetermined level and a vent line closure that closes a second vapor path between the canister and the filler cup, wherein closure of the first vapor path and the second vapor path reduces pressure in the filler cup to induce shutoff of a fuel nozzle.
B60K 15/035 - Fuel tanks characterised by venting means
F02M 25/08 - Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
89.
MANIFOLD ASSEMBLY HAVING A CENTRALIZED PRESSURE SENSING PACKAGE
A hydraulic manifold assembly (32) includes a manifold (34) containing a plurality of hydraulic channels (38) that direct fluid to a centralized location and a package (30) disposed at the centralized location to measure fluid pressure at pressure ports (52) corresponding to the hydraulic channels. The manifold assembly directs fluid to the single package rather than scattering fluid outputs to multiple sensor locations, simplifying the overall assembly configuration.
One concept relates to a method of controlling fuel reforming within an internal combustion engine exhaust line. Fuel injections are controlled using a predicted temperature, the predicted temperature being a temperature that would occur at some point in the future if predetermined assumptions are met. Preferably, the prediction is made using a model that includes terms for hydrocarbon storage and subsequent reaction within the fuel reformer. The method improves reformer temperature control, particularly over periods during whch the fuel supply to the reformer is pulsed. the scope of the invention also includes methods wherein a temperature is not specifically predicted, provided the control method takes into account hydrocarbon storage and subsequent reaction.
F02D 41/02 - Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
F01N 3/08 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
F01N 11/00 - Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus
91.
ELECTRICAL SWITCHING APPARATUS AND METHOD EMPLOYING ACOUSTIC AND CURRENT SIGNALS TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN PARALLEL AND SERIES ARC FAULTS
A circuit breaker includes a first lug and second and third acoustic lugs electrically connected to a power circuit. Separable contacts are electrically connected in series between the first lug and the second acoustic lug. An operating mechanism opens and closes the separable contacts. A first acoustic sensor is coupled to the second acoustic lug and senses a first acoustic signal from the second acoustic lug. A second acoustic sensor is coupled to the third acoustic lug and senses a second acoustic signal from the third acoustic lug. The first and second acoustic signals are operatively associated with a power circuit fault. A current sensor senses a current flowing between the first and second lugs. A circuit inputs the sensed acoustic signals and the sensed current and detects and distinguishes a parallel arc fault or a series arc fault from the sensed acoustic signals and the sensed current.
H01H 83/20 - Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition
92.
METHOD OF IDENTIFYING PREDICTIVE LATERAL LOAD TRANSFER RATIO FOR VEHICLE ROLLOVER PREVENTION AND WARNING SYSTEMS
A method for controlling stability of a vehicle includes the steps of determining predictive lateral load transfer ratio of the vehicle by evaluating vehicle performance factors over a period of time, and controlling operation of the vehicle based on the predictive lateral load transfer ratio.
An arc fault circuit breaker includes a housing, separable contacts mounted within the housing, an operating mechanism structured to open the separable contacts when actuated, and a trip assembly including an arc fault trip mechanism structured to generate a trip signal in response to detecting an arc fault. The trip assembly is structured to actuate the operating mechanism in response to the trip signal. A contact clip spring is structured to mechanically couple and electrically connect the circuit interrupter to a neutral bar. The contact clip spring is in electrical communication with the arc fault trip mechanism.
A hydraulic drive system (11) of the type including a hydrostatic pump- motor unit (35) having a pumping mode in which the unit pressurizes, from its port (A), a high pressure accumulator (41), and a motoring mode, in which the unit is driven by pressurized fluid from the high pressure accumulator. The system also includes a source of low pressure (39) in communication with the opposite port (B) of the pump-motor unit (35), and a filter circuit (107) disposed therebetween. The filter circuit (107) defines an unrestricted first flow path from the source of low pressure (39) to the port (B) when the unit is in the pumping mode, and a second flow path from the port (B) to the source of low pressure (39) when the unit is in the motoring mode. The second flow path comprises one path portion (125) through a filter shut-off valve (121) and a filter (127) in series, and in parallel therewith, another path portion through a controlled flow restriction (135). Thus, filtration occurs during only the motoring mode, and the percentage of fluid being filtered can be predetermined.
A vehicle power bus control system (10) including a control module having a communication interface and a device (14, 16, 18, 20) having a communication interface (14'', 16'', 18'', 20'') for communicating with the control module (32) wherein the control module (32) is adapted to transfer at least one electrical limit value to the device (14, 16, 18, 20), and wherein the device (14, 16, 18, 20) is adapted to act in response to the electrical limit value to self-regulate an electrical quantity associated with the device (14, 16, 18, 20).
B60R 16/03 - Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems
A circuit breaker includes separable contacts, an operating mechanism structured to open and close the separable contacts, a molded enclosure comprising a first molded portion and a second molded portion, a plurality of thread cutting screws fastening the first molded portion to the second molded portion, and a plurality of machine screws. The first molded portion and the second molded portion cooperate to form a plurality of exterior walls. The exterior walls define an interior volume, which encloses the separable contacts and at least a portion of the operating mechanism. The machine screws extend within and reinforce the exterior walls and restrict expansion of the exterior walls away from the interior volume.
A circuit breaker includes fixed and movable contacts, an operating mechanism including a movable arm carrying the movable contact, an arc chute including a plurality of spaced apart first and second arc plates, and a slot motor. A slot motor structure is disposed about the contacts and a portion of the movable arm. An insulative housing at least substantially covers and insulates the slot motor structure from the movable arm and contacts. The inslulative housing includes a base and a pair of arms disposed therefrom. Each of the arms includes a first portion disposed proximate the first arc plates and a second smaller portion disposed proximate the second arc plates. A space extending from the first portion, not occupied by the second portion, is generally occupied by a portion of the second arc plates. The second portion forms a debris shield between the second arc plates and the operating mechanism.
H01H 77/10 - Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening
A number of surge protection device disconnector designs (200,315,315',315') provide protection to a load over a full range of fault currents provide adequate surge protection as well. The designs quench arcs that may tend to occur as a result of MOV (230A-H,325) faults, thereby protecting the surrounding components.
H01H 37/76 - Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
99.
ELECTRICAL SWITCHING APPARATUS AND TRIP INDICATOR THEREFOR
A trip indicator (2) is for a circuit breaker having a housing including first and second openings (54, 56), separable contacts and an operating mechanism having an operating handle (62) protruding from the first opening (54). The trip indicator (2) includes a one-piece flag member (4) with a first end having a trip flag and a second end with first and second integral legs (12, 14). The first leg biases the trip flag away from the second opening (56) when the separable contacts are not tripped open, and includes a latching portion to maintain the flag in a viewable position to indicate the trip condition regardless of the operating mechanism position. The second leg is disposed proximate first leg and biases the operating handle (62) toward the OFF position, thereby assisting the handle to move from the ON position in response to the trip condition.
A receptacle includes a line conductor, a load conductor, a neutral conductor, a load neutral conductor, a ground conductor, first separable contacts electrically connected between the line and load conductors, and second separable contacts electrically connected between the neutral and load neutral conductors. An operating mechanism is structured to open and close the first and second separable contacts. A number of voltages are input from at least some of the conductors. An electronic trip mechanism automatically detects: (a) an arc fault trip condition, and (b) a second different miswiring condition from the voltages and cooperates with the operating mechanism to trip open the separable contacts in response to the automatically detected miswiring condition.
H02H 3/33 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers
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