An electrode wound body includes positive and negative electrodes, and a separator between the positive and negative electrodes. The positive electrode includes a positive foil extension extending from a positive electrode foil. The negative electrode includes a negative foil extension extending from a negative electrode foil. The positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator are wound to define a spiral including a through hole with a central axis extending through the through hole. The positive foil extension and the negative foil extension extend from opposite ends of the electrode wound body. Portions of the positive foil extension include bends that bend towards the central axis so that the portions of the positive foil extension overlap to define a first surface. Portions of the negative foil extension include bends that bend towards the central axis so that the portions of the negative foil extension overlap to define a second surface.
An electrode wound body includes positive and negative electrodes, and a separator between the positive and negative electrodes. The positive electrode includes a positive foil extension extending from a positive electrode foil. The negative electrode includes a negative foil extension extending from a negative electrode foil. The positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator are wound to define a spiral including a through hole with a central axis extending through the through hole. The positive foil extension and the negative foil extension extend from opposite ends of the electrode wound body. Portions of the positive foil extension include bends that bend towards the central axis so that the portions of the positive foil extension overlap to define a first surface. Portions of the negative foil extension include bends that bend towards the central axis so that the portions of the negative foil extension overlap to define a second surface.
An acoustic wave device includes an insulating layer and a piezoelectric layer defining a cavity, a first excitation electrode on a first surface of the piezoelectric layer opposite to the cavity, a second excitation electrode on a second surface of piezoelectric layer and within the cavity, a wiring electrode on the piezoelectric layer and connected to the first excitation electrode, a lid, a conductive wall extending between a first portion of the wiring electrode and the lid, and a sealing frame extending between a second portion of the wiring electrode and the lid. A first width of a first portion of the sealing frame is larger than a second width of a second portion of the sealing frame. A third width of the second portion of the wiring electrode is smaller than the first width and is larger than the second width.
An acoustic wave device includes an insulating layer including a recess, a piezoelectric layer on the insulating layer and over the recess to define a cavity, a first excitation electrode on a first surface of the piezoelectric layer opposite to the cavity, a second excitation electrode on a second surface of the piezoelectric layer and within the cavity, a dielectric layer on the first excitation electrode, and a first frame on the second excitation electrode and within the cavity.
A circuit includes first and second output terminals; a transformer including a primary winding and a secondary winding, the secondary winding includes a tap that divides the secondary winding into first and second secondary windings; a rectifier circuit connected to the secondary winding; and a voltage-doubler circuit connected to the tap such that the voltage-doubler circuit receives a first voltage from both the first and the second secondary windings and a second voltage from only the second secondary winding.
H02M 3/26 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
H01F 29/02 - Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group with tappings on coil or windingVariable transformers or inductances not covered by group with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
An electronic module includes a substrate or a lead frame including a primary conductive pattern and a secondary conductive pattern; a magnetic core located on or above the substrate or the lead frame; a block coil including a resin body that is located on or above the substrate or the lead frame and that extends over the magnetic core, a first terminal that is on or embedded in the resin body and that is connected to the primary conductive pattern, and a second terminal that is on or embedded in the resin body and that is connected to the secondary conductive pattern; and an electronic component located on the substrate or the lead frame.
A bidirectional converter includes first and second terminals between which a current flows and a current-sensing circuit electrically connected to only one of the first and the second terminals to sense the current. Current sensing is only performed at the one of the first terminal and the second terminal to which the current-sensing circuit is connected, and an output voltage of the bidirectional converter droops based on the sensed current.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
8.
CURRENT SHARING OF BIDIRECTIONAL CONVERTERS CONNECTED IN PARALLEL
A converter system includes a first bidirectional converter electrically connected between a first node and a second node and a second bidirectional converter electrically connected between the first node and the second node in parallel with the first bidirectional converter. Current is shared between the first bidirectional converter and the second bidirectional converter based on a single current-sharing signal.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 3/337 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
A converter includes a first inductor, a first power switch connected to the first inductor, and an auxiliary power supply coupled to the first inductor to provide an auxiliary voltage from bi-directional current flow in the first inductor. In response to negative current flowing in the first inductor, a duty cycle of the first power switch is increased.
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 7/219 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
H02M 7/23 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only arranged for operation in parallel
10.
EMBEDDED MAGNETIC DEVICE INCLUDING MULTILAYER WINDINGS
A device includes a substrate; a magnetic core in the substrate, including a hole, and divided into a first half and a second half opposite to the first half; a first winding extending through the hole and around the magnetic core; a second winding extending through the hole and around the magnetic core; and a third winding extending through the hole, around the magnetic core, and around a portion of the first winding. The first and the third windings only extend around the same half of the magnetic core. At least one first turn of the second winding extends around the second half of the magnetic core.
A device includes an insulating substrate including a cavity and a magnetic core in the cavity. The insulating substrate includes a first opening and a second opening that connect the cavity to an exterior of the insulated substrate. The first opening and the second opening are provided on a same side of the magnetic core.
H01F 41/02 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformersApparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils or magnets
H01F 3/10 - Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
12.
LAYOUT OF GATE DRIVER CIRCUIT FOR HIGH-SPEED SWITCHING DEVICES
A switching circuit includes a first switch; a second switch connected in series with the first switch; a first isolated driver connected to a gate terminal of the first switch; a second isolated driver connected to a gate terminal of the second switch; and a transformer including a primary winding connected to an auxiliary power supply, a first secondary winding to supply a first voltage to the first isolated driver, and a second secondary winding to supply a second voltage to the second isolated driver.
H03K 17/0424 - Modifications for accelerating switching by feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by the use of a transformer
H03K 17/042 - Modifications for accelerating switching by feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
H03K 17/687 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
A module includes a first substrate with a first primary conductor path and a first secondary conductor path, a second substrate with a second primary conductor path and a second secondary conductor path, and a magnetic core between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate faces the second substrate. The first primary conductor path is electrically connected to the second primary conductor path by a first conductive pillar provided between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first secondary conductor path is electrically connected to the second secondary conductor path by a second conductive pillar provided between the first substrate and the second substrate. An electrical component is located between the first substrate and the second substrate. The module includes an encapsulant that encapsulates the magnetic core, the first conductive pillar, the second conductive pillar, and the electrical component.
A circuit assembly includes a printed circuit board (PCB) with a metal inlay and an integrated metal substrate on a first side of the metal inlay, a switching device connected to a second side of the metal inlay opposite to the first side, and a thermal path between the switching device and the metal substrate via the metal inlay.
A circuit assembly includes an insulated metal substrate (IMS), a switching device located on the IMS, and a printed circuit board (PCB) directly attached and electrically connected to the IMS with no gap or substantially no gap therebetween and including a cutout that receives the switching device.
A circuit assembly includes a first printed circuit board (PCB), a switching device located on a first side of the first PCB, a heatsink attached to a second side surface of the first PCB opposite to the first side, and an L-shaped metal plate attached to the heatsink and to the first PCB.
A dual active bridge (DAB) converter includes a variable inductor and a controller configured or programmed to control the DAB converter using triple-phase-shift control. The controller can include a first proportional-integral controller to determine a parameter x based on comparison of a reference voltage and a measured voltage corresponding to either an HV voltage or an LV voltage; a voltage ratio calculator to determine a voltage ratio; a boundary calculator to calculate, based on the voltage ratio, a first boundary value corresponding to a boundary between low and medium power modes and a second boundary value corresponding to a boundary between the medium and high power modes; and a phase-shift-ratio calculator to determine phase shift ratios used in the triple-phase-shift control based on the parameter x, the voltage ratio, the first boundary value, and the second boundary value.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
G01R 23/12 - Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rateArrangements for measuring period of current or voltage by converting frequency into phase shift
18.
EMBEDDED MAGNETIC COMPONENT DEVICE INCLUDING VENTED CHANNEL AND MULTILAYER WINDINGS
A device includes a substrate including a cavity, a magnetic core in the cavity, a first winding extending around the magnetic core, and a single channel that extends between the cavity and an exterior of the device and that defines an opening. The first winding includes vias along an exterior periphery of the magnetic core opposite to the channel.
H01F 41/02 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformersApparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils or magnets
H05K 3/30 - Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
19.
EMBEDDED MAGNETIC DEVICE INCLUDING MULTILAYER WINDINGS
A device includes a substrate; a magnetic core in the substrate and including a hole; a first winding extending through the hole and around the magnetic core; a second winding extending through the hole, around the magnetic core, and around a portion of the first winding; a first covering located on a first surface of the substrate and over a first portion of the second winding; and a second covering located on a second surface of the substrate and over a second portion of the second winding. The first and the second windings only extend around the same half of the magnetic core.
A device includes a substrate; a magnetic core in the substrate and including a hole; a first winding extending through the hole and around the magnetic core; and a second winding extending through the hole, around the magnetic core, and around a portion of the first winding. The first and the second windings only extend around the same half of the magnetic core.
H01F 27/32 - Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
H01F 27/26 - Fastening parts of the core togetherFastening or mounting the core on casing or support
H01F 41/04 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformersApparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils or magnets for manufacturing coils
H05K 3/30 - Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
An embedded transformer module device includes an insulating substrate including a first side and a second side opposite to the first side and including a first cavity, a magnetic core in the first cavity, a primary winding wound horizontally around the magnetic core and having a spiral shape with more than one turn, and a secondary winding wound horizontally around the magnetic core, spaced away from the primary winding, and having a spiral shape with more than one turn.
A transformer assembly includes a transformer core, a cup that receives the transformer core, and a lid that engages with the cup and covers the transformer core. The cup includes an interior wall and an exterior wall, and the lid includes an interior wall that at least partially overlaps with the interior wall of the cup and an exterior wall that at least partially overlaps with the exterior wall of the cup.
A pin includes a head, a base connected to the head, a tail connected to the base, and clasps extending from the tail. The head includes two or more of the following: a hook, a first side notch, a second side notch, and an end notch. A module includes a substrate, a first pin mounted to the substrate at a first location, and a second pin mounted to the substrate at a second location. A distance between a tip of the first pin and a tip of the second pin is greater than a distance between the first location and the second location.
A pin has a z shape and includes a first notch in a first tip of the pin and a first slot in a first bend in the pin. Alternatively, a pin includes first, second, and third plates; a first bend connecting the first and the second plates; a second bend connecting the second and the third plates. The first plate includes a first notch, and the second bend includes a first slot. A module includes a substrate, a pin mounted to the substrate, and a wire wound around the pin.
A transformer assembly includes a substrate, a surface-mounted header on the substrate, a core on the surface-mounted header and including a U-shaped portion and I-shaped portion, and first and second bobbins on two legs of the U-shaped portion of the core.
A transformer assembly includes a transformer core, a cup that receives the transformer core, a lid that engages with the cup and covers the transformer core, and a winding wound around the cup and the lid. The cup and/or the lid include at least one hole through which the transformer core is exposed to an exterior of the cup and the lid when the lid is engaged with the cup.
A DC-DC conversion circuit includes an input voltage; a half-bridge circuit connected to the input voltage and including a first leg with first, second, third, and fourth switching elements connected in series and including a second leg with first and second capacitors connected in series with each other and connected in parallel with the first leg; and a flying capacitor connected to a node between the first switching element and the second switching element and a node between the third switching element and the fourth switching element; a transformer including a primary winding connected to the half-bridge circuit; and a controller that controls the first to fourth switching elements. The controller selectively controls the half-bridge circuit in a half-bridge operation in which ±Vin/2 is applied to the primary winding, where Vin is the input voltage and a 3-level half-bridge operation in which ±Vin/4 is applied to the primary winding.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
[Object]To provide an elastic wave device in which a decrease in Q value is unlikely to occur and cracks in a piezoelectric film are unlikely to occur even when the size of the elastic wave device is reduced. [Solution]An elastic wave device 1 includes a piezoelectric film 3 laminated on a first main surface 2a of a support substrate 2 including a recessed portion 2b open to a first main surface 2a. A cavity portion 10 including the recessed portion 2b is defined by the support substrate 2 and the piezoelectric film 3. An electrode 4 is on the piezoelectric film 3. The electrode 4 includes first and second bus bars 11 and 12, a first electrode finger 13 connected to the first bus bar 11, and a second electrode finger 14 connected to the second bus bar 12. The first and second bus bars 11 and 12 include corner portions inside the cavity portion 10 when viewed in plan view. A curved portion C1, C2, or C3 as a pressure relaxation portion to relax pressure on the piezoelectric film 3 at least one of the corner portions of the first and second bus bars 11 and 12 is provided between the corner portion and an outer edge of the cavity portion 10.
(Object) To provide elastic wave devices each including a cavity portion but unlikely to cause cracks in a piezoelectric film. (Solution) An elastic wave device (1) includes a piezoelectric film (2) made of lithium niobate or lithium tantalate, and a first electrode finger (3) and a second electrode finger (4) facing each other in a direction intersecting a thickness direction of the piezoelectric film (2). When an average thickness of the piezoelectric film (2) is d and a distance between centers of the first electrode finger (3) and the second electrode finger (4) is p, d/p is about 0.5 or less. The first electrode finger (3) and the second electrode finger (4) are connected to the first and second bus bars (5) and (6), respectively. The first and second bus bars (5) and (6) include corner portions. At least one of corner portions (5e) to (5h) and (6e) to (6h) of the first and second bus bars (5) and (6) is outside a cavity portion (9) when viewed in plan view.
An isolated gate driver includes a transformer including primary and secondary windings, a synchronous rectifier connected between the secondary winding and an output terminal of the isolated gate driver, a first switch including a first terminal connected to a supply voltage, a second switch including a first terminal connected to the supply voltage, a first damping resistance connected between a first terminal of the secondary winding and a second terminal of the first switch, a second damping resistance connected between a second terminal of the secondary winding and a second terminal of the second switch, a first inverter including an input connected to the first terminal of the secondary winding and an output connected to a gate terminal of the first switch, and a second inverter including an input connected to the second terminal of the secondary winding and an output connected to a gate terminal of the second switch.
H03K 17/0424 - Modifications for accelerating switching by feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by the use of a transformer
H03K 17/0812 - Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the control circuit
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
A module includes a substrate, metal layers and insulating layers laminated on the substrate, a bottom winding made of a metal directly contacting a first metal layer or a second metal layer, a first insulating layer on the bottom winding, a core on the first insulating layer, a second insulating layer on the core, a top winding made of the metal that is located on the core and a portion of the second insulating layer and that directly contacts the first metal layer or the second metal layer, and a third insulating layer on the top winding, electronic components that are located on the third insulating layer, where primary and secondary windings of the transformer are defined by portions of the bottom winding and the top winding and are located on opposite sides of the core from each other.
H01L 23/522 - Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body
H01F 41/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformersApparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
A transformer includes a silicon substrate, a plurality of metal layers and a plurality of insulating layers laminated on the silicon substrate, a bottom winding of a metal contacting a first metal layer and a second metal layer of the plurality of metal layers, a first insulating layer on the bottom winding, a core on the first insulating layer, a second insulating layer on the core, a top winding of the metal that extends around the core and a portion of the second insulating layer, and a third insulating layer on the top winding. At least one of the top winding and the bottom winding is thicker than each of the plurality of metal layers.
H01F 41/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformersApparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
H01L 23/522 - Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body
A holdup circuit includes a high-voltage generation circuit that outputs a high voltage and a holdup capacitor charging/discharging circuit that includes a holdup capacitor that is charged by the high voltage output by the high-voltage generation circuit. An inrush control circuit includes a constant-current source that includes a first transistor and a second transistor. During start-up, input current flows through the second transistor, and after start-up and during normal operation, the input current flows through the first transistor.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
A magnetic-component module includes a substrate including a recess on a first surface of the substrate, a core in the recess, a spacer on the core, a winding including wire bonds extending over the core and electrically connecting a first portion of the substrate and a second portion of the substrate, and traces on and/or in the substrate, and an overmold material encapsulating the core, the spacer, and the wire bonds.
A magnetic-component module includes a first header, a core on the first header, and a winding including a first trace on the first header. The first header includes a disc-shaped portion that supports the core and a cylinder-shaped portion that receives a hole of the core.
A magnetic-component module includes a substrate, a core on a first surface of the substrate, a spacer on the core, a winding including wire bonds extending over the core and electrically connecting a first portion of the substrate and a second portion of the substrate, and traces on and/or in the substrate, and an overmold material encapsulating the core, the spacer, and the wire bonds. The wire bonds are routed through grooves included in the spacer.
A power supply circuit includes a first direct-current to direct-current (DC-DC) converter circuit connected to a first load via a first bidirectional switch; a second DC-DC converter circuit connected to a second load and connected, via a second bidirectional switch, to the first load; and a control circuit that turns ON and turns OFF the first bidirectional switch and the second bidirectional switch in a complementary manner.
H02M 3/155 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
A transformer assembly includes a top core, a bottom core under the top core, a primary winding that is multi-layered and that extends around each of the top core and the bottom core, and a secondary winding that is multi-layered and that extends around each of the top core and the bottom core. The primary winding extends around the top core and the bottom core such that, when current flows in the primary winding, magnetic flux is canceled or substantially canceled in a region between the top core and the bottom core. A converter assembly includes the transformer assembly, a primary-side circuit including the primary windings, and a secondary-side circuit including the secondary windings.
A regulator for an interleaved power factor correction circuit to enhance current sharing performance includes adjuster circuitry that determines a duty cycle adjustment; judge circuitry that determines whether to activate the adjuster circuitry; distributor circuitry that determines tuned duty cycles based on input duty cycles and the duty cycle adjustment; and tuner circuitry that determines tuned average inductor currents in first and second phases of the interleaved power factor correction circuit based on the tuned duty cycles.
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 3/156 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
A case includes a header with a first isolation barrier, a cover with a second isolation barrier, and a printed circuit board (PCB) including a slot in which the first isolation barrier or the second isolation barrier is located and a primary-circuit side and a secondary-circuit side located on opposites sides of the slot.
An LLC converter includes a switching stage including primary transistors, a resonant stage connected to the switching stage, a transformer including a primary winding connected to the resonant stage and a secondary winding coupled with the primary winding, a rectifying stage connected to the secondary winding of the transformer and providing an output voltage of the LLC converter, and a controller configured and/or programmed to, during start-up, control the output voltage by switching the primary transistors based on a first reference voltage that exponentially increases during start-up and a second reference voltage that is based on a resonant current of the resonant stage.
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
A power factor correction converter that outputs a DC output voltage from an AC input voltage, includes two channels each including a high-side switch and a low-side switch connected in cascade between a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal of the power factor correction converter and with a node between the high-side switch and the low-side switch; an inductor connected to a first terminal of the AC input voltage and the first node; a gate driver connected to the second high-side switch and the second low-side switch; a bootstrap circuit connected to the second node and the gate driver; wherein the second node is connected to a second terminal of the AC input voltage; and the bootstrap circuit is pre-charged at beginnings of negative half-cycles of the AC input voltage.
H02M 7/219 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
A converter includes a switching stage including first and second primary transistors, a resonant stage connected to the switching stage, a transformer including a primary winding connected to the resonant stage, a rectifying stage connected to a secondary winding of the transformer and including first and second synchronous rectifiers, and a controller. The controller is configured and/or programmed to operate in a steady-state mode in which an output voltage of the converter is regulated by varying a switching frequency of the first and second primary transistors and of the first and second synchronous rectifiers and a synchronous-rectification control mode in which the output voltage is regulated when an output-voltage overshoot is detected by switching the first and second primary transistors and the first and second synchronous rectifiers at a fixed switching frequency and by varying a duty cycle of the first and second synchronous rectifiers.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
44.
BUCK MATRIX-TYPE RECTIFIER WITH BOOST SWITCH, AND OPERATION THEREOF DURING ONE-PHASE LOSS
A power supply circuit includes at least two input terminals that receive an input voltage, a transformer including a primary side electrically connected to the input voltage, a rectifier electrically connected to a secondary side of the transformer, and a boost switch electrically connected in parallel with the rectifier and a pair of output voltage terminals that include a first output voltage terminal and a second output voltage terminal. The input voltage is electrically connected to an AC source, and each of the at least two input terminals receives a different phase of the AC source.
H02M 7/219 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
H02M 3/156 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
An LLC converter includes a plurality of resonant circuits that each include a plurality of capacitors connected to a DC input voltage, a switching circuit including a plurality of switches connected to the DC input voltage, a plurality of transformers each including a plurality of primary windings and a plurality of secondary windings, and a plurality of synchronous rectifiers each connected to one of the plurality of secondary windings. The plurality of primary windings of each of the plurality of transformers includes a first primary winding and a second primary winding. Series-connected first primary windings are connected to a first resonant circuit of the plurality of resonant circuits, and series-connected second primary windings are directly connected to a second resonant circuit of the plurality of resonant circuits. Currents from each of the plurality of secondary windings are equal or substantially equal.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
46.
APPARATUS AND METHOD OF OPERATING MATRIX CONVERTER-BASED RECTIFIER WHEN ONE PHASE IS DISCONNECTED OR IS SHORT-CIRCUITED
A power supply circuit includes a matrix converter that converts a first to third input alternating current (AC) phases into a single primary phase, a transformer including a primary side electrically connected to the single primary phase, a rectifier electrically connected to a secondary side of the transformer, and an output voltage terminal electrically connected to the rectifier. The matrix converter includes first through sixth bi-directional switch pairs, and each of the first through sixth bi-directional switch pairs includes first and second uni-directional switches. When the third input AC phase is disconnected or short circuited, the second and the fifth bi-directional switch pairs are turned off, and, in each of the first, third, fourth, and sixth bi-directional switch pairs, one of the first and second uni-directional switches are turned on and the other of the second and first uni-directional switches are operated as a full-bridge phase-shifted converter.
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02M 7/219 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
An LLC converter includes a transformer that includes a primary winding and a secondary winding, a resonant stage that includes the primary winding, a switching stage that includes switches and that is connected to an input voltage and the resonant stage, a rectifying stage that is connected to the secondary winding and that provides an output voltage, and a controller that senses the output voltage and that controls switching of the switches based on proportional-integral control of the output voltage to reduce errors in the output voltage with respect to a DC voltage and based on quasi-resonant control of the output voltage to reduce errors in the output voltage with respect to a range of voltages with a frequency bandwidth.
H02M 1/14 - Arrangements for reducing ripples from DC input or output
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
A converter includes input voltage terminals, a series circuit connected to the input voltage terminals and including first and second switches connected in series, a transformer including a primary winding and a secondary winding, a resonant tank connected to the series circuit and including the primary winding, an auxiliary switch connected to the series circuit and the resonant tank, output voltage terminals connected to the secondary winding, and a controller that, based on a single control loop and a single control parameter, controls the auxiliary switch with pulse-width modulation and controls the first and second switches with pulse-frequency modulation.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
A traffic-monitoring system includes a gateway that includes a gateway radio and that is connected to a server and traffic-monitoring devices arranged along a road. Each of the traffic-monitoring devices includes a housing, a microcontroller that is located within the housing, at least one sensor that is located within the housing, that is connected to the microcontroller, and that collects traffic and/or environmental data, and a monitor radio that sends data to the gateway or an adjacent traffic-monitoring device. The microcontroller processes data collected by the at least one sensor to reduce an amount of data to be sent to the gateway or the adjacent traffic-control device and sends processed data to the gateway or the adjacent traffic-monitoring device in real time or near real time using the monitor radio.
A converter includes first and second phase circuits. Each of the first second phase circuits includes a transformer, a first switch and a second switch connected in series, and a resonant capacitor and a resonant inductor connected in series between the primary winding of the transformer and a node between the first switch and the second switch. The input voltage terminal of the converter is connected in parallel with the input of the first phase circuit and the input of the second phase circuit. The output voltage terminal of the converter is connected in series with the output of the first phase circuit and the output of the second phase circuit.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
51.
SUBSTRATE-EMBEDDED TRANSFORMER WITH IMPROVED ISOLATION
An embedded-core device including a substrate, a core embedded in the substrate, a winding arranged around the core, and a dummy pin in direct contact with the core and not in direct contact with the winding. A method of a manufacturing an embedded-core device includes providing winding pins and a dummy pin, inserting a core between the winding pins using the dummy pin such that the dummy pin is in direct contact with the core and not in direct contact with the winding pins, and sealing the core with resin.
H01F 41/02 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformersApparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils or magnets
A matrix rectifier includes a bridge x defined by phases A and B and a bridge y defined by phases A and C, in which each input phases A, B, and C includes two bi-directional switches connected in series. A method of operating the matrix rectifier includes operating the bridges x and y as independent full-bridge phase-shifted converters in each 60 interval between two successive zero-voltage crossings of the input phases A, B, and C. In a first 30 sector of each 60 interval, the bridges x and y are operated in a first vector sequence in every switching period, and the first vector sequence is divided into a sequence of I?x+#191, I?y+#191, I?0#191, I?x-#191, I?y-#191, I?0#191.
H02M 5/293 - Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
H02M 7/162 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
A converter includes a half-bridge circuit including first and second transistors that are connected in series, the half-bridge circuit is connected in parallel with a voltage input and includes a node connected to both the first and second transistors; a resonant inductor connected to the half-bridge circuit and the primary winding of a transformer; a resonant capacitor connected to the half-bridge circuit and the primary winding; a third transistor with a first terminal connected to the half-bridge circuit and a second terminal directly connected to a first terminal of the resonant inductor; and a rectification stage that is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer and that includes first and second synchronous rectifiers. The rectification stage does not use discrete diodes to provide rectification, and during voltage boost operation, the third transistor is turned on and off to maintain an output voltage level.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
An LLC resonant converter includes a first phase with a first primary circuit and a second phase with a second primary circuit. The first primary circuit includes a first shared inductor, and the second primary circuit includes a second shared inductor. The first and second shared inductors are connected in parallel with each other. The first and second primary circuits do not include a capacitor that is connected in parallel with each other.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
55.
HIGH-FREQUENCY TRANSFORMER DESIGN FOR DC/DC RESONANT CONVERTERS
A transformer assembly includes a transformer with primary windings located on multiple layers and with secondary windings interleaved with the multiple layers and includes a substrate connected to the transformer and with a first transistor with first, second, and third terminals, in which the first terminal is connected to the secondary windings, the second terminal is connected to an output terminal of the transformer assembly, and the third terminal is a control terminal; first conductive layers; second conductive layers interleaved with the first conductive layers; a first via that is solid filled and that connects the first conductive layers and the first terminal; and a second via that is solid filled and that connects the second conductive layers and the second terminal.
A method of commutation in a matrix rectifier from an active vector to a zero vector includes two steps. A method of commutation in a matrix rectifier from a zero vector to an active vector includes three steps.
H02M 5/22 - Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
57.
VARIABLE-DISTANCE WIRELESS-POWER-TRANSFER SYSTEM WITH FIXED TUNING AND POWER LIMITING
A wireless-power-transfer system includes a transmitter circuit and a receiver circuit. The transmitter circuit includes a primary series-resonant capacitor connected to an oscillator-controlled drive stage that provides fixed-frequency output and a transmitting coil connected to the primary series-resonant capacitor. The transmitting resonant frequency is below the fixed frequency of the oscillator-controlled drive stage. The receiver circuit includes a receiving coil, a secondary series-resonant capacitor connected in series with the receiving coil, and a secondary parallel-resonant capacitor connected in parallel with the receiving coil. The receiving resonant frequency increases as a nonlinear capacitance of the at least one rectifier decreases when the rectifier-circuit DC output increases.
A converter includes a transformer including primary windings and secondary windings, switches connected to the primary windings, an output inductor connected to the secondary windings, and a controller connected to the switches. The controller turns the switches on and off based on dwell times calculated using space vector modulation with a reference current Ī ref whose magnitude changes with time.
H02M 5/293 - Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
59.
METHOD OF DRIVING FETS IN SATURATING SELF-OSCILLATING PUSH-PULL ISOLATED DC-DC CONVERTER
A converter includes a DC input; a transformer including first and second primary windings, first and second secondary windings, and first and second feedback windings; a first field-effect transistor; a second field-effect transistor; and a drive circuit connected to the first and second field-effect transistors. The drive circuit includes a bias circuit that applies a bias voltage to gates of the first and second field-effect transistors via the first and second feedback windings during start-up of the converter, wherein the bias voltage is reduced to zero or substantially zero after start-up of the converter; and a reset circuit that resets the bias circuit when the converter is turned off. The converter is a self-oscillating push-pull DC-DC converter.
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
H02M 3/155 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
60.
VOLTAGE CONVERTER INCLUDING VOLTAGE DOUBLER AND VOLTAGE REGULATOR IN A ROYER OSCILLATOR
A voltage converter includes a transformer with a transformer core, an input circuit with a primary winding on the transformer core, and an output circuit with a secondary winding on the transformer core. The input circuit is connected to an input voltage terminal, and the output circuit is connected to an output voltage terminal. The output circuit includes a voltage-regulation circuit, and the voltage-regulation circuit does not include a circuit component connected in series with the secondary winding and the output voltage terminal.
H02M 3/28 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
61.
INRUSH CURRENT CONTROL DURING STARTING OF RESONANT CONVERTERS
A converter with soft start includes a transformer; first and second switches connected to the transformer to supply power to the transformer; a controller connected to the first and second transistors and arranged to, during startup of the converter, switch the first switch with a variable duty cycle and switch the second switch with either a fixed duty cycle or a variable duty cycle with pulses larger than pulses of the variable duty cycle of the first switch; and a bleed device arranged to set initial conditions of the converter before startup of the converter by discharging a capacitor in the converter before startup.
H02M 3/28 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
62.
HOLD-UP CIRCUIT, POWER CONVERTER SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PROVIDING A REGULATED OUTPUT DURING HOLD-UP TIME
A hold-up circuit for providing power to a power converter during a power interruption includes a hold-up capacitor arranged to be connected to the power converter and a control circuit arranged and programmed to, after a beginning of a power interruption, disable an under-voltage lockout function of the power converter.
A start-up circuit for a resonant converter is arranged such that, during start-up of the resonant converter, the start-up circuit provides a drive signal that is to be applied to a switching transistor of the resonant converter and that has a variable duty cycle and a variable frequency. A converter includes a voltage source, a capacitor connected to the voltage source, a first switching transistor connected to the voltage source, a transformer connected to the capacitor, and a start-up circuit according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention arranged to drive the first switching transistor with the drive signal during start-up of the converter. A start-up method for a resonant converter including a first switching transistor includes driving the first switching transistor with a variable duty cycle and a variable frequency.
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
H02M 3/28 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
H02M 3/22 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
64.
LOSSLESS OVER-CURRENT DETECTION CIRCUIT FOR ROYER OSCILLATORS AND PUSH-PULL CONVERTERS
A circuit including over-current protection includes a voltage input, first and second switching transistors that are complementarily switched and that receive current from the voltage input, a first resistor, a first diode including a first anode and a first cathode, and a second diode including a second anode and a second cathode. The first anode and the second anode are connected to each other and are connected to the voltage input via the first resistor. The first cathode is connected to the first switching transistor and the second cathode is connected to the second switching transistor such that the connection of the first and second anodes provides an over-current signal that is related to the current in the first and second switching transistors.
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02M 3/337 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
G01R 19/165 - Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
65.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUS SHORT-CIRCUIT PROTECTION
A power-source protection circuit includes a power source including a first voltage rail and a second voltage rail, a pass switch connected across the first voltage rail and a third voltage rail, a control switch connected to the second voltage rail and a control terminal of the pass switch, such that the pass switch turns on in response to the control switch turning on and the pass switch turns off in response to the control switch turning off, and output terminals connected to the third voltage rail and the second voltage rail. The control switch is arranged to switch on when the power source is started and the control switch is arranged to switch off when the output terminals are short-circuited and to switch on when the short-circuit is removed.
H02H 3/20 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to excess voltage
H02H 7/10 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for convertersEmergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for rectifiers
H02M 3/155 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
66.
POWER TRANSFORMER ACTIVE FLUX BALANCE CIRCUIT WITH DRIVER DEAD TIME CONTROL
A converter including a DC voltage source; a transformer; a bridge circuit including first and fourth transistors in a first leg and second and third transistors in a second leg and controlled such that, when current flows in the first leg, current does not flow in the second leg and such that, when current flows in the second leg, current does not flow in the first leg; and a flux balance circuit arranged to measure the currents in the first and second legs and to control a dead time of the first, second, third, and fourth transistors based on the measurement of the currents in the first and second legs so that the currents flowing in the first and second legs are equal or substantially equal.
H02M 3/28 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
An inductor winding includes first, second, and third arms, a middle portion extending between and connected to at least two of the first, second, and third arms and arranged to support a winding core mounted thereon, and first, second, and third legs extending downwardly from the first, second and third arms, respectively, and arranged to be mounted on a circuit board. The first, second, and third legs are arranged to provide three-point contact with the circuit board, and the inductor winding is arranged to provide a space between a bottom surface of the winding core mounted on the middle portion and an upper surface of electronic components mounted on the circuit board.
A power conversion system (100) includes an input terminal that is arranged to be connected to a voltage source (Vin); a transformer (T1) having a first winding connected to the input terminal and a second winding connected to an output terminal of the power conversion system (100), either the first winding or the second winding is provided with at least three taps that are arranged to divide the first winding or the second winding into at least two sub-windings; at least one tap switch (Qi) connected to the at least two sub-windings; a control circuit (108) connected to the at least one tap switch (Qi); and at least one switch (Si) connected to the at least one tap switch (Qi). The control circuit (108) is arranged to control the at least one tap switch (Qi) to control the turns ratio of the transformer (T1).
H02M 3/28 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
H02M 1/10 - Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from AC or DC
69.
METHOD AND SYSTEM ADAPTED TO REGENERATE LOAD ENERGY IN AC-TO-DC AND DC-TO-AC POWER CONVERTER SYSTEMS
An energy regenerating system includes a converter, an inverter, and a supplemental power source. The converter and the inverter are electrically connected to each other to define an electrical loop such that energy of the energy regenerating system is regenerated. The converter, the inverter, and the supplemental power source are arranged such that, when current flows in the electrical loop, the converter is a load on the inverter and the inverter is a load on the converter. The supplemental power source is arranged to replenish energy losses in the energy regeneration system, including energy losses in the electrical loop caused by the converter and the inverter.
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