Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for oligomerization of ethylene, comprising the steps: a) feeding ethylene, solvent and a catalyst composition comprising catalyst and cocatalyst into a reactor, b) oligomerizing ethylene in the reactor, c) discharging a reactor effluent comprising linear alpha-olefins including 1-butene, solvent, unconsumed ethylene dissolved in the reactor effluent, and catalyst composition from the reactor, d) separating ethylene and 1-butene collectively from the remaining reactor effluent, and e) recycling at least a part of the ethylene and the 1-butene separated in step d) into the reactor.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 2/36 - Catalytic processes with hydrides or organic compounds as phosphines, arsines, stilbines or bismuthines
• B01J 31/16 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
• B01J 31/18 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony
• C07C 1/08 - Isosyntheses
• C07C 2/08 - Catalytic processes
• C08F 4/02 - Carriers therefor
• C08F 10/02 - Ethene

Abstract

The invention relates to linear low density polyethylene having a density in the range from about 900 kg/m3 to less than about 940 kg/m3 as determined using IS01872-2, having a molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) in the range from 2.5 to 3.5, having an area under the peak in the temperature range from 20 to 40°C determined using an analytical temperature rising elution fractionation analysis using 1,2-dichlorobenzene and a heating rate of 1 °C/min, wherein the area is in the range from 5 to 20% of the sum of the areas under all peaks determined with the analytical temperature rising elution fractionation analysis.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 10/00 - Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
• C08F 210/16 - Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers
• C08F 4/6592 - Component covered by group containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
• C08F 4/642 - Component covered by group with an organo-aluminium compound
• C08J 5/22 - Films, membranes or diaphragms

Abstract

The invention relates to a process comprising the step of (a) reacting a 2- indenylboranic acid (ester) with a bromosubstituted compound in the presence of the Pd catalyst bis(triphenylphosphin)palladium dichloride (PPh3)2PdCI2) and a base to form the corresponding bridged bis(indenyl) ligand. In case the 2-indenylboranic acid (ester) is the pinacolester of 2-indenylboranic acid, the process of the invention may further comprise the step of reacting a 2-bromo indene compound with pinacolborane in the presence of a Pd catalyst and a base, to form the corresponding 2- indenylpinacolylborane compound. With this, the invention provides an improved and easy two-step process to prepared bridged bis(indenyl)ligands, which is commercially very attractive when the Pd catalyst bis(triphenylphosphin)palladium dichloride (PPh3)2PdCI2) is used. Bridged bis(indenyl)ligands may suitably be used in the preparation of metallocene complexes, such as 2,2'-bis(2-indenyl)biphenyl ZrCI2 and 1,2-bis(2-indenyl)benzene ZrCI2. These metallocene complexes may be used for the polymerization, optionally in the presence of a cocatalyst, of one or more a-olefins, preferably for the polymerization of ethylene.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 17/00 - Metallocenes
• C08F 10/00 - Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond

Abstract

The invention relates to a process comprising the step of reacting a 2-indenylpinacolyl borane compound with a bromosubstituted compound in the presence of a Pd catalyst and a base to form the corresponding bridged bis(indenyl) ligand. This process step is very efficient and leads to less (homocoupled) byproducts than other known processes. The process of the invention may further comprise the step of reacting a 2-bromo indene compound with pinacolborane in the presence of a Pd catalyst and a base, to form the corresponding 2-indenylpinacolylborane compound. With this, the invention provides an improved and easy two-step process to prepared bridged bis(indenyl)ligands. These bridged bis(indenyl)ligands may suitably be used in the preparation of metallocene complexes, such as 2,2'-bis(2-indenyl)biphenyl ZrCI2 and 1,2-bis(2-indenyl)benzene ZrCI2. These metallocene complexes may be used for the polymerization, optionally in the presence of a cocatalyst, of one or more a-olefins, preferably for the polymerization of ethylene. In a preferred embodiment, the Pd catalyst is preferably is(triphenylphosphin)palladium dichloride (PPh3)2PdCI2).

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 17/00 - Metallocenes
• C07C 1/32 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from compounds containing hetero atoms other than, or in addition to, oxygen or halogen
• C08F 10/00 - Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond

Abstract

This invention relates to A process of preparing a catalyst for the production of polyethylene terephthalate and for the production of high molecular weight PET comprising the following steps: a) reacting boric acid and a zinc salt in a solvent comprising one or more glycols selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and butylene glycol thereby forming a precipitate; and b) isolating the precipitate resulting from step a). In addition, the use of the said catalyst for the production of polyethylene terephthalate and for the production of high molecular weight PET.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 63/83 - Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, beryllium, magnesium, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, manganese, or compounds thereof
• C08G 63/84 - Boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earth metals, or compounds thereof
• B01J 31/22 - Organic complexes

Abstract

The invention relates to a catalyst system for the production of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene comprising I. a solid reaction product obtained by reaction of: (a) a hydrocarbon solution comprising (1) an organic oxygen containing magnesium compound or a halogen containing magnesium compound and (2) an organic oxygen containing titanium compound and (b) a mixture comprising a metal compound having the formula MeRnX3-n wherein X is a halogenide, Me is a metal of Group III of Mendeleev's Periodic System of Chemical Elements, R is a hydrocarbon radical containing 1 - 10 carbon atoms and 0 ≤ n ≤ 3 and a silicon compound of formula RmSiCI4.m wherein 0 ≤ m ≤ 2 and R is a hydrocarbon radical containing 1 - 10 carbon atoms wherein the molar ratio of metal from (b): titanium from (a) is lower than 1:1 II. an organo aluminium compound having the formula AIR3 in which R is a hydrocarbon radical containing 1 - 10 carbon atoms and III. an external electron donor selected from the group of 1,2- dialkoxyalkanes, 1,2-dialkoxyalkenes or an external polymeric electron donor.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 4/651 - Pretreating with non-metals or metal-free compounds
• C08F 4/649 - Catalysts containing a specific non-metal or metal-free compound organic
• C08F 4/656 - Pretreating with metals or metal-containing compounds with silicon or compounds thereof
• C08F 110/02 - Ethene

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of an ethylene polymer composition for the production of wire and cable jacketing and /or insulation characterised in that the ethylene polymer composition comprises polyethylene and a mixture of a calcium salt of saturated straight chained fatty acid having 8 to 30 carbon atoms and a zinc salt of saturated straight chained fatty acid having 8 to 30 carbon atoms. The weight ratio of the calcium salt: zinc salt ranges between 5:1 and 1:5.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01B 3/30 - Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plasticsInsulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances resinsInsulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances waxes

Abstract

The invention relates to a multinuclear metallocene catalyst compound according to Formula (1), wherein Y and Y' are the same or different and independently selected from the group consisting of C1-20 linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbyl groups, C1-30 aryl and substituted aryl groups; L and L' are the same or different and are electron-donating groups independently selected from the elements of Group 15 of the Periodic Table; Q and Q' are the same or different and independently selected from the group consisting of C1-30 alkylene groups; M" is a metal selected from Groups 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 or from lanthanide series elements of the Periodic Table; Z is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a halogen and C1-20 hydrocarbyl, C1-20 alkoxy and C1-20 aryloxy groups; z is an integer from 1 to 4; n and n' are independently 0 or 1, with 1≤(n+n')≤2; B and B' are the same or different and each is a metallocene compound, with B being represented by the compound of Formula (2) and B' being represented by the compound of Formula (3), wherein Si is silicon; R and R' are the same or different and independently a hydrogen or a C1-20 alkyl or aryl group; D, D', E and E' are independently ligand compounds having a cyclopentadienyl skeleton selected from cyclopentadienyl, substituted cyclopentadienyl, indenyl, substituted indenyl, fluorenyl and substituted fluorenyl; M and M' are the same or different and each is independently selected from the group consisting of scandium, yttrium, lanthanoid series elements, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, and tantalum; X and X' are the same or different and each is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a halogen, a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group, C1-20 alkoxy group; and C1-20 aryloxy group; x and x' are independently integers from 1 to 3. This invention also relates to a catalyst system comprising said multinuclear metallocene catalyst compound and a co-catalyst, to a method of making the multinuclear metallocene catalyst compound and to a process for the polymerisation and copolymerisation of an olefin in the presence of said catalyst system. The invention relates to a multinuclear metallocene catalyst compound according to Formula 1, wherein: Y and Y' are the same or different and independently selected from the group consisting of C1-20 linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbyl groups, C1-30 aryl and substituted aryl groups; L and U are the same or different and are electron-donating groups independently selected from the elements of Group 15 of the Periodic Table; Q and Q' are the same or different and independently selected from the group consisting of Ci-3o alkylene groups; M" is a metal selected from Groups 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 or from lanthanide series elements of the Periodic Table; Z is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a halogen and C1-20 hydrocarbyl, C1-20 alkoxy and C1-20 aryloxy groups; z is an integer from 1 to 4; n and n' are independently 0 or 1, with 1<(n+n')<2; B and B' are the same or different and each is a metallocene compound. This invention also relates to a catalyst system comprising said multinuclear metallocene catalyst compound and a co-catalyst, to a method of making the multinuclear metallocene catalyst compound and to a process for the polymerisation and copolymerisation of an olefin in the presence of said catalyst system.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 31/18 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony
• C07F 17/00 - Metallocenes
• C08F 4/76 - MetalsMetal hydridesMetallo-organic compoundsUse thereof as catalyst precursors selected from metals not provided for in group selected from refractory metals selected from titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, or tantalum
• C08F 10/02 - Ethene

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for preparing a compound represented by the formula 1 which compound may optionally be further mono- or di- substituted with halogen atoms, alkyl groups having 1 to 4 C- atoms and/or alkoxy groups having 1 to 4 C- atoms, wherein R is methyl or ethyl group, comprising the step of: contacting a corresponding compound represented by the formula 2 which compound is not further substituted or further mono- or di- substituted in corresponding positions with halogen atoms, alkyl groups having 1 to 4 C- atoms and/or alkoxy groups having a to 4 C-atoms, with an alkylating agent, wherein the alkylating agent is a compound of the formula (RO)2SO2 or RX, wherein R has the above meaning and X is halogen, in the presence of a bis-quaternary ammonium salt or a polymeric quaternary ammonium salt, in a two-phase system of an aqueous solution of a base and an organic solvent.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 67/11 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with ester groups or with a carbon-halogen bond being mineral ester groups
• C07C 69/92 - Esters of carboxylic acids having an esterified carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring of monocyclic hydroxy carboxylic acids, the hydroxy groups and the carboxyl groups of which are bound to carbon atoms of a six-membered aromatic ring with etherified hydroxyl groups

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for the emulsifier-free preparation of water expandable polymer beads, which process comprises the steps of: a) providing an emulsifier-free starting composition comprising styrene and a polyphenylene ether resin, b) prepolymerizing the starting composition to obtain a prepolymer composition, c) adding an aqueous dispersion of a modifier-free nanoclay to the prepolymer composition to obtain an inverse emulsion, d) suspending the inverse emulsion obtained by step c) in an aqueous medium to yield an aqueous suspension of suspended droplets and e) polymerizing the monomers in the droplets of the suspension obtained by step d) to obtain the water expandable polymer beads.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08J 9/12 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
• C08J 9/20 - Making expandable particles by suspension polymerisation in the presence of the blowing agent
• C08L 25/06 - Polystyrene
• C08K 3/34 - Silicon-containing compounds
• C08L 71/12 - Polyphenylene oxides

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for the emulsifier-free preparation of water expandable polymer beads. The process comprises the steps of: a) providing an emulsifier-free monomer composition comprising styrene and a polar comonomer comprising a carbon-to-carbon double bond, b) prepolymerizing the monomer composition to obtain a prepolymer composition comprising styrene, the polar comonomer and their copolymer, c) adding an aqueous dispersion of nanoclay to the prepolymer composition to obtain an inverse emulsion, d) suspending the inverse emulsion obtained by step c) in an aqueous medium to yield an aqueous suspension of suspended droplets and e) polymerizing the monomers in the droplets of the suspension obtained by step d).

IPC Classes  ?

• C08J 9/12 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
• C08J 9/20 - Making expandable particles by suspension polymerisation in the presence of the blowing agent
• C08L 25/08 - Copolymers of styrene
• C08K 3/34 - Silicon-containing compounds

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a solid catalyst component suitable for producing polyethylene and its copolymers, said process comprising the steps of: (a) contacting a dehydrated support having hydroxyl groups with a magnesium compound having the general formula MgR1R2; (b) contacting the product obtained in step (a) with modifying compounds (A), (B) and (C), wherein: (A) is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid ester, ketone, acyl halide, aldehyde and alcohol; (B) is a compound having the general formula R11f(R12O)gSiXh, (C) is a compound having the general formula (R13O)4M, and (c) contacting the product obtained in step (b) with a titanium halide compound having the general formula TiX4, wherein Ti is a titanium atom and X is a halide atom. The invention also relates to a solid catalyst component obtainable by said process. The invention further relates to a process for producing polyethylene and its copolymers in the presence of the solid catalyst component and a co-catalyst.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 10/02 - Ethene
• C08F 4/656 - Pretreating with metals or metal-containing compounds with silicon or compounds thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for producing lower olefins from an oxygenate feedstream, using a catalyst composition comprising M1 -M2 - P/ZSM- 5, wherein M1 is one or more basic species, M2 is one or more redox elements selected from Groups 6-8 of the Periodic Table of Elements and Sn and P is phosphorus, wherein said basic species is a molecular entity forming a weak Lewis base and/or a weak Bronsted base in the catalyst composition. In addition thereto, the present invention relates to an integrated process for producing lower olefins from a feedstream comprising hydrocarbons.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 27/16 - PhosphorusCompounds thereof containing oxygen
• B01J 29/40 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11
• B01J 29/46 - Iron group metals or copper
• B01J 29/48 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11 containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
• C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms

Abstract

The invention relates to a tape comprising from (i) about 75 wt% to about 99.9 wt% of a thermoplastic polyester, (ii) from about 0.1 wt% to about 25 wt% of a linear low-density polyethylene and (iii) from 0 wt% to about 5 wt% of other components, said tape having a thickness from 5μm to 300 μm and a width from 0.5mm to 7mm. This tape shows no twinning and sticking to other tapes after slitting, has very good mechanical properties. When the tape is wound, bobbins having a regular shape can be obtained.

IPC Classes  ?

• B29C 55/06 - Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a dieApparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique parallel with the direction of feed
• C08L 67/02 - Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
• C08J 5/18 - Manufacture of films or sheets

Abstract

The invention is directed to a process for the polymerization of ethylene in the presence of a catalyst comprising a Ti, Zr, Hf or V metal centre; and a ligand according to Formula (I), in which B = -CH2-, -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, 1,2-phenylene or 2,6-pyridyl, R1, R2, R3,R4 may be independently of one other the same or different H, C1-C4 alkyl radical, Br or Cl and X =NH, O or S; or a ligand containing a pyridine moiety or a N-allyl-2-benzimidazolyl ligand.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 10/00 - Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
• C08F 4/64 - Titanium, zirconium, hafnium, or compounds thereof
• C08F 4/649 - Catalysts containing a specific non-metal or metal-free compound organic
• C08F 10/02 - Ethene

Abstract

The invention is directed to the wax removal from a low pressure slurry process for the production of bimodal high density polyethylene comprising a polymerisation stage, a powder drying stage, an extrusion and pellet handling stage, recycling stages and a wax removal unit. The wax from the wax removal unit is introduced in a wax recovery unit in which a reduced pressure is created and in which steam is introduced. The invention also relates to such polyethylene wax obtained by the process according to the present invention, which wax has a flame point ranging between 170°C and 200°C.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 2/14 - Organic medium
• C08F 10/02 - Ethene
• C08F 6/00 - Post-polymerisation treatments

Abstract

The invention is directed to a process for the production of high density polyethylene by polymerisation of ethylene in the presence of a supported chromium oxide based catalyst and an activator characterised in that the activator comprises the reaction mixture of a boron compound and/or an alkyl aluminium compound and a nitrogen containing compound wherein the boron compound is a (C1- C10) alkyl boron compound or a (C5- C20) aromatic boron compound, wherein the alkyl aluminum compound is an organo aluminium compound having the formula AIR3 in which R is a hydrocarbon radical containing 1 -10 carbon atom and wherein the nitrogen containing compound comprises -NH2, -NHR, -NR2, wherein R may be an alkyl or a substituted alkyl having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 10/02 - Ethene
• C08F 4/69 - Chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or compounds thereof