The present invention relates to polyol dispersions comprising at least one polyol and at least one polymer particle mixture comprising at least one thermoplastic polymer (P) and at least one block copolymer (B), wherein the block copolymer (B) has at least one block which is compatible with the thermoplastic polymer (P) and at least one block which is compatible with the polyol, a process for producing such polyol dispersions, their use for producing polyurethanes and a process for producing polyurethanes.
C08L 67/03 - Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds having the hydroxy and the carboxyl groups directly linked to aromatic rings
C08L 77/00 - Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
A composite includes a first preform and a second preform spaced from and in overlying relationship to the first preform. The second preform defines at least one first opening extending therethrough along an axis transverse to the first preform. A first surface layer is disposed adjacent to the second preform and on an opposite side of the second preform from the first preform. A polymeric composition including the reaction product of an isocyanate component and an isocyanate-reactive component is disposed between the first preform and the second preform. The polymeric composition adheres the first surface layer to the second preform through the at least one first opening. The surface layer is adhered to the second preform during molding of the composite article and in the absence of additional adhesive, thereby reducing production time and cost of the composite article.
B29C 65/00 - Joining of preformed partsApparatus therefor
B32B 37/00 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
B32B 3/26 - Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layerLayered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids
3.
Process for preparing porous metal-organic framework materials
The present invention relates to a method for producing a porous metal-organic framework material comprising the step
reacting a reaction mixture in the liquid phase of at least one copper compound having at least one at least bidentate, organic compound which can bind by coordination to the copper in the presence of a nonaqueous solvent, the at least one at least bidentate, organic compound being derived from a polycarboxylic acid having at least three carboxyl groups, and the reaction proceeding at atmospheric pressure above 80° C.
C08J 3/03 - Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
5.
Production and use of highly functional, highly branched or hyperbranched polylysines
The present invention relates to new high-functionality, highly branched or hyperbranched polylysines, to processes for preparing them, and to their use.
in stage (II) and the optionally following stages, the alkoxylated starter or starters from stage (I) being reacted with further alkylene oxide at a catalyst concentration of at least 0.01 mol of basic catalyst per mole of starter.
C08G 65/10 - Saturated oxiranes characterised by the catalysts used
C08G 65/30 - Post-polymerisation treatment, e.g. recovery, purification, drying
C08G 65/34 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
xi) components a1) and a2) do not differ from one another in OH functionality by more than 0.5.
These polyol mixtures can be employed to produce polyurethane-based embedding compositions. The invention additionally relates to embedding compositions based on the polyol mixtures (A) described at the outset and at least one modified isocyanate (B) and to the use of the embedding compositions as potting material. The invention further relates to a process for producing the embedding compositions as described at the outset. The invention additionally relates to dialysis filters which comprise the embedding compositions described at the outset. Finally, the invention relates to the combination of components (A) and (B) which are present separately but are to be used together.
C08G 18/12 - Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
The present invention provides a process for preparing emulsion polymer particles of a hollow core/shell structure in the presence of a monomer plasticizer having a ceiling temperature less than 181° C. wherein a polymerization inhibitor or reducing agent is not added to the aqueous emulsion of the core shell particles during the neutralization and swelling stage. The obtained core shell particles are useful in paints, paper coatings, foams, and cosmetics.
C08F 285/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to preformed graft polymers
C08F 265/04 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group on to polymers of esters
B32B 5/02 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by structural features of a layer comprising fibres or filaments
The present invention relates to polyol dispersions comprising at least one polyol and at least one polymer particle mixture comprising at least one thermoplastic polymer (P) and at least one block copolymer (B), wherein the block copolymer (B) has at least one block which is compatible with the thermoplastic polymer (P) and at least one block which is compatible with the polyol, a process for producing such polyol dispersions, their use for producing polyurethanes and a process for producing polyurethanes.
C08L 67/00 - Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
12.
Method for producing electronic grade 2,2′-aminoethoxyethanol
A process for preparing electronics-grade 2,2′-aminoethyoxyethanol by reacting diethylene glycol with ammonia in the presence of a catalyst in a reactor to give a reaction mixture from which a crude 2,2′-aminoethoxyethanol stream is separated off and is purified further by distillation in a pure column, wherein a sidestream comprising electronics-grade 2,2′-aminoethoxyethanol is taken off from the pure column as a result of the diethylene glycol being passed through a filter which ensures a degree of removal of at least 99% for solid particles having a maximum particle size of ≦1.5 μm before the diethylene glycol is fed into the reactor, is proposed.
C07C 209/16 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of hydroxy groups or of etherified or esterified hydroxy groups with formation of amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
Radiation-curable compounds, processes for the preparation thereof, the use thereof and coating materials comprising them and having high scratch resistance, which compounds are polyurethanes comprising allophanate groups and obtained by reaction of di- or polyisocyanates and at least two different compounds, each having at least one group reactive toward isocyanate and at least one unsaturated group capable of free radical polymerization.
B05C 1/16 - Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length only at particular parts of the work
B05D 5/10 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an adhesive surface
B05D 7/00 - Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
E01C 5/00 - Pavings made of prefabricated single units
The present invention relates to a process for purifying a gas mixture G-0 comprising dinitrogen monoxide, at least comprising the contacting of the gas mixture G-0 with a solvent mixture (I) at least comprising 50% by weight of water based on the overall solvent mixture (I), the pH of the solvent mixture (I) being in the range from 3.5 to 8.0, the desorption of a gas mixture G-1 from a composition (A), the contacting of the gas mixture G-1 with a solvent mixture (II) at least comprising 50% by weight of water based on the overall solvent mixture (II), the pH of the solvent mixture (II) being in the range from 2.0 to 8.0, and the desorption of a gas mixture G-2 from a composition (B), the pH being based in each case on a measurement with a glass electrode, and to the use of gas mixtures obtainable by a process according to the invention as oxidizing agents for olefins.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
C07C 29/17 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds
The invention relates to a fuel reservoir for gaseous fuel in a vehicle, in particular a sorption reservoir. The fuel reservoir is delimited by at least one wall and includes a sorption material that is contained in its interior. The fuel reservoir has a tank inlet valve containing a shut-off valve and a throttle restriction valve. The restriction of the gaseous fuel takes place inside the fuel reservoir.
2 group, and also a3) at least one metal catalyst, and a4) if appropriate, further additives, where the spray-polyurethane system comprises no amine catalyst. The present invention moreover relates to a process for production of a backing layer composed of polyurethane for moldings and to the use of this backing layer for production of automobile parts. Inventive backing layers have good mechanical properties, and low emissions, and their demolding time is small when compared with the open assembly time.
wherein the component b) comprises at least one polyether carbonate polyol bi) which can be prepared by addition of carbon dioxide and alkylene oxides onto H-functional starter substances using DMC catalysts and has a functionality of at least 2, a hydroxyl number in the range from 10 to 500 mg KOH/g and a content of incorporated carbon dioxide in the form of carbonate units of at least 2% by weight.
C08G 18/28 - Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
20.
Process for preparing pentamethylene 1,5-diisocyanate
The present invention relates to a process for preparing pentamethylene 1,5-diisocyanate, to pentamethylene 1,5-diisocyanate prepared in this way and to the use thereof.
C08G 18/00 - Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
C07C 263/12 - Preparation of derivatives of isocyanic acid from or via nitrogen analogues of carboxylic acids, e.g. from hydroxamic acids, involving a Hofmann, Curtius or Lossen-type rearrangement
C07C 263/10 - Preparation of derivatives of isocyanic acid by reaction of amines with carbonyl halides, e.g. with phosgene
C12P 13/00 - Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
The invention provides a process for preparing isocyanates by reacting amines with phosgene, wherein the amine or a mixture of amine and a solvent is mixed in the form of an aerosol with gaseous phosgene and the amine is subsequently reacted with phosgene.
A process for classifying water-absorbing polymer beads, wherein the polymer beads are separated into n particle size fractions by means of at least n screens and n is an integer greater than 1.
B07B 9/00 - Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currentsGeneral arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyurethanes by reacting polyisocyanates a) with compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms reactive with isocyanate groups b), wherein a polyisocyanate a) used is at least one polyisocyanate ai) having an average functionality of greater than 2, a content of diisocyanates of not more than 2% by weight and a content of uretonimines of not more than 4% by weight, based in each case on the weight of the polyisocyanate ai).
The present invention relates to a process for preparing isocyanates and an apparatus suitable for this purpose, and also its use. In the process, an amine and phosgene, both in the gas phase, react in the presence of an inert medium. A number, n, of amine streams are reacted with a number, n +1, of phosgene streams in a reactor. The number n is a positive integer of at least 1. All amine and phosgene streams are introduced into the reactor through annular gaps for mixing.
wherein at least one graft polyol b1) which can be prepared by in-situ polymerization of olefinically unsaturated monomers in a polyether alcohol b1i), where the polyether alcohol b1i) has a functionality of from 2 to 4 and a hydroxyl number in the range from 100 to 250 mg KOH/g, its polyether chain comprises propylene oxide and up to 20% by weight, based on the polyether alcohol b1i), of ethylene oxide, and acrylonitrile and styrene in a weight ratio of acrylonitrile:styrene of from >1:1 to 4:1 are used as olefinically unsaturated monomers, is used as compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups b), and the reaction is carried out in the presence of at least one compound b1ii) which has at least one olefinic double bond and is miscible with the polyether alcohol b1i).
C08G 18/28 - Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
26.
Method of enhancing reproductive function of mammals by feeding of conjugated linoleic acids
This invention provides methods for improving reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows and other mammals. The method in the case of cows comprises feeding to the cows, a composition comprising conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs), cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12. When these CLAs are fed daily to dairy cows starting at or prior to calving, and continued after parturition, an improvement in reproductive performance is observed.
A01N 37/00 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
27.
Polyamide resin composition and method of preparing
The present invention provides a polyamide resin composition and a method of preparing the composition. The composition includes a first polyamide resin, a second polyamide resin different from the first, a transition metal, and a lubricant. The first polyamide resin has an extractable fraction of nylon 6 oligomer at least one percent as determined by ISO 6427. The composition is optimized for relative viscosity, viscosity number, moisture content, and an amount of extractables.
C08G 69/26 - Polyamides derived from amino carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
C08G 18/67 - Unsaturated compounds having active hydrogen
C08G 69/48 - Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
C08L 51/00 - Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bondsCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
C08L 69/00 - Compositions of polycarbonatesCompositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
C08L 77/00 - Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
B32B 27/28 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin comprising copolymers of synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the following subgroups
C08F 283/04 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass on to polycarbonamides, polyesteramides or polyimides
B01D 19/04 - Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances
The invention relates to a method for controlling the withdrawal of gas from a sorption reservoir (25). The temperature in the sorption reservoir (25) having a decreasing amount of gas therein (25) is increased until a maximum acceptable temperature is reached such that a predetermined minimum pressure (15) in the sorption reservoir (25) is not fallen below. The invention also relates to a device for storing at least one gas, comprising a sorption reservoir (25) that has at least one attachement (31, 35) via which the sorption reservoir (25) can be filled with gas or via which gas can be withdrawn from said sorption reservoir (25). The invention also relates to a device (1) comprising at least one heating element (39) which can warm said sorption reservoir (25), also a control system (41) that can increase the temperature in said sorption reservoir (25) when withdrawing the gas in such a manner that a predetermined minimum temperature in the sorption reservoir (25) is not fallen below in order to attain a maximum acceptable pressure.
The invention relates to a method for storing gaseous hydrocarbons in a sorption reservoir (5). The temperature of the stored hydrocarbons when the sorption reservoir (5) is full is lower than room temperature and higher than the evaporation temperature of the hydrocarbon. The invention also relates to a device for storing gaseous hydrocarbons, comprising a sorption reservoir (5) that is isolated in relation to the surroundings. The sorption reservoir (5) contains zeolith, activated carbons or metal-organic framework compounds.
A method of separating propylene oxide from a mixture (M) comprising propylene oxide and methanol, said method comprising: (i) introducing said mixture (M) into an extractive distillation column; (ii) additionally introducing an extracting solvent into said extractive distillation column; (iii) distilling propylene oxide overhead from said extractive distillation column as top stream; (iv) withdrawing a bottoms stream from said extractive distillation column; (v) compressing the top stream obtained overhead in (iii) by means of at least one compressor to give a compressed vapor.
An epichlorohydrinamine polymer has a ratio of amine units to epichlorohydrin units of from 0.8:1.2 to 1.0:1.0, dimethylaminopropylamine and benzylamine preferably being used as amine and/or ammonium units. The novel epichlorohydrinamine polymer is used, for example, for the surface treatment of semifinished leather products and textile materials.
C08L 27/04 - Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogenCompositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
w) of from 500 to 10 000 g/mol and (c) chain extenders having a molecular weight of from 50 to 499 g/mol, if appropriate in the presence of (d) catalysts and/or (e) conventional additives, wherein the chain extender mixture consisting of a main chain extender (c1) and one or more co-chain extenders (c2) is used and the thermoplastic polyurethane prepared has a rigid phase fraction of greater than 0.40, the rigid phase fraction being defined by the following formula:
k: number of chain extenders.
The present invention relates to new high-functionality, highly branched or hyperbranched polylysines, to processes for preparing them, and to their use.
reacting a reaction mixture in the liquid phase of at least one copper compound having at least one at least bidentate, organic compound which can bind by coordination to the copper in the presence of a nonaqueous solvent, the at least one at least bidentate, organic compound being derived from a polycarboxylic acid having at least three carboxyl groups, and the reaction proceeding at atmospheric pressure above 80° C.
a) at least one 3-phenyluracils of formula I
b) at least one 3-sulfonylisoxazoline of formula II
c) optionally at least one safener III selected from the group as defined in the specification.
A01N 43/80 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms, as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
A01N 43/02 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atom
A01N 43/36 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
The present invention relates to a process for preparing 2-alkylpolyisobutenylphenols and their Mannich adducts, to compositions obtainable by this process and to their use.
C07C 37/14 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms by addition reactions, i.e. reactions involving at least one carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond
37.
Method for producing quaterrylene-3,4:13, 14-tetracarboxy diimides by direct synthesis
A process for preparing quaterrylene-3,4:13,14-tetracarboximides of the general formula I
which comprises reacting a perylene-3,4-dicarboximide of the general formula IIa
in the presence of a base-stable, high-boiling, organic solvent and of an alkali metal base or alkaline earth metal base, with a perylene-3,4-dicarboximide of the general formula IIb
in which X is hydrogen, bromine or chlorine.
C07D 471/02 - Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
where the apparatus comprises at least one screw for conveying the at least one additive and the at least one screw ends in an addition orifice substantially flush with the inner wall of the reactor interior.
C07C 263/10 - Preparation of derivatives of isocyanic acid by reaction of amines with carbonyl halides, e.g. with phosgene
C07C 209/60 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by condensation or addition reactions, e.g. Mannich reaction, addition of ammonia or amines to alkenes or to alkynes or addition of compounds containing an active hydrogen atom to Schiff's bases, quinone imines, or aziranes
41.
Preparation comprising at least one conazole fungicide
The invention relates to preparations, in particular plant-protective preparations which contain a mixture of at least two different active plant-protective substances, wherein a) at least one active substance is selected from a conazole group (active substance 1) and b) another active-plant protective substance (active substance 2) whose water solubility at a temperature of 20° C. is less than 20 g/l., c) at least one type of copolymer CP consisting of M monomers comprising α) at least one type of monoethylenically unsaturated monomer M1 comprising at least one sulphonic acid group and β) at least one type of neutral monoethylenically unsaturated monomer M2, wherein the quantitative ratio between the active substance 1 and the other active plant-protective substance 2 ranges from 1:10 to 10:1. Said invention also relates to novel copolymers CP which are embodied in the form of polymers consisting of at least three types of different monoethylenically unsaturated monomers M and comprise, in the polymerization incorporated form, α) at least one type of monoethylenically unsaturated monomer M1 comprising at least one sulphonic acid group, β1) at least one type of neutral monoethylenically unsaturated monomer M2 whose water solubility at a temperature of 20° C. is less than 30 g/l and β2) at least one type of neutral monoethylenically unsaturated monomer M2b whose water solubility at a temperature of 20° C. is greater than 50 g/l.
Process for extracting (chlorinated) hydrocarbon-free hydrogen chloride and phosgene-free (chlorinated) hydrocarbons from a hydrogen chloride stream containing (chlorinated) hydrocarbons and phosgene
(Chloro)hydrocarbon-free hydrogen chloride and phosgene-free (chloro)hydrocarbons are recovered from a hydrogen chloride stream having (chloro)hydrocarbons and phosgene. The recovery involves connecting a first adsorber and a second adsorber in series and passing the fresh hydrogen chloride stream comprising phosgene and (chloro)hydrocarbons firstly through the first adsorber and subsequently through the second adsorber until essentially no more (chloro)hydrocarbon is adsorbed by the first adsorber, passing the fresh hydrogen chloride stream through the second adsorber while the first adsorber is regenerated, with essentially phosgene-free (chloro)hydrocarbon being obtained in the regeneration, passing the fresh hydrogen chloride stream firstly through the second adsorber and subsequently through the regenerated first adsorber until essentially no more (chloro)hydrocarbon is adsorbed by the second adsorber, and passing the fresh hydrogen chloride stream through the first adsorber while the second adsorber is regenerated, with essentially phosgene-free (chloro)hydrocarbon being obtained in the regeneration.
The present invention relates to a process for separating at least one propylene glycol from a mixture (M) comprising water and said propylene glycol, said process comprising (I) evaporating the mixture in at least two evaporation and/or distillation stages at decreasing operating pressures of the evaporators and/or distillation columns obtaining mixture (M′) and mixture (M″); (II) separating the mixture (M′) obtained in (I) in at least one further distillation step, obtaining a mixture (M-I) comprising at least 70 wt.-% of water and a mixture (M-II) comprising less than 30 wt.-% of water.
A method for automated determination of an individual three-dimensional shape of particles includes: a) dosing, alignment, and automated delivery of the particles; b) observation of the aligned particles and image acquisition, and c) evaluation of the images. A device for automated determination of the individual three-dimensional shape of particles includes: a) a mechanism for dosing, alignment, and automated delivery of the particles; b) at least two cameras for observation of the aligned particles, and c) a mechanism for evaluation of the images. The device can be used for automated determination of individual three-dimensional shape of particles.
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (Germany)
Inventor
Pschirer, Neil Gregory
Eickemeyer, Felix
Schoeneboom, Jan
Qu, Jianqiang
Koenemann, Martin
Muellen, Klaus
Li, Chen
Herrmann, Andreas
Erk, Peter
Nordmann, Gero
Kuhn, Alfred
Hagfeldt, Anders
Edvinsson, Tomas
Abstract
Rylene derivatives useful in solar cells, where the rylene derivatives are represented by formula I
where each X group is joined to form a six-membered ring, one Y group is an amine group, one Y group is a hydrogen atom, each R group is an alkoxy group, m is 1, n is 4, and P is 0.
C07C 249/00 - Preparation of compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
C07C 251/00 - Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly- bound to a carbon skeleton
C07C 257/00 - Compounds containing carboxyl groups, the doubly-bound oxygen atom of a carboxyl group being replaced by a doubly-bound nitrogen atom, this nitrogen atom not being further bound to an oxygen atom, e.g. imino-ethers, amidines
A process for preparing an organic target compound by heterogeneously catalyzed gas phase partial oxidation of an organic precursor compound with molecular oxygen in two oxidation reactor lines operated in parallel and removal of the target compound from the mixture of the product gas streams in a workup line, wherein the catalysts charge of one of the oxidation lines comprises a portion of catalyst over which the heterogeneously catalyzed gas phase partial oxidation has already been carried out for longer than over the portions of catalyst of the catalyst charge of the other oxidation reactor line.
B01J 8/10 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with moving particles moved by stirrers or by rotary drums or rotary receptacles
50.
Method to increase resistance against stain penetration of aqueous coating compositions
C08L 31/00 - Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid, or of a haloformic acidCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
C08L 31/02 - Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of monocarboxylic acids
C08L 33/00 - Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereofCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
C08L 33/02 - Homopolymers or copolymers of acidsMetal or ammonium salts thereof
wherein the reaction product from step a) has a content of toluene of from 3.0 to 8% by weight, based on the organic phase, and a content of nitric acid of from 0.1 to 1.2% by weight, based on the aqueous phase, and the phase separation in step b) is effected in such a way that further reaction of the toluene with the nitric acid is prevented.
The invention provides a process for preparing aromatic amines by catalytically hydrogenating the corresponding nitro compounds, especially for preparing tolylenediamine by hydrogenating dinitrotoluene, which comprises using hydrogenation catalysts in which the active component present is a mixture of platinum, nickel and an additional metal on a support.
C07C 209/36 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of nitrogen-to-oxygen or nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds by reduction of nitro groups by reduction of nitro groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
B01J 23/89 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
C07C 7/08 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds by extractive distillation
The invention provides a method for the production of composite elements composed of at least one outer layer a) and a thermal insulation material b), where between the outer layer a) and the thermal insulation material b) an adhesive c) has been applied, the outer layer a) being moved continuously, the thermal insulation material b) being applied to the outer layer a) and, if appropriate, a further outer layer a) being applied to the thermal insulation material b), and the adhesive c) being applied to the thermal insulation material b) or to the outer layer a), which comprises applying the adhesive c) by means of a rotating flat body which is mounted horizontally or with a slight deviation from the horizontal, of up to 15°, preferably parallel to the outer layer a) or to the thermal insulation material b).
C08J 3/09 - Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids
56.
Method for stabilising and securing rivers, slopes and embankments
The invention relates to a method for stabilizing and securing banks, hillsides and slopes, and structures present at least partly in moving waters, such as supporting and construction elements, by composite materials comprising mineral particles, preferably stones, in particular crushed rock, and an epoxy resin.
The invention relates to processes for preparing water absorbing polymers by polymerization of a monomer solution comprising allyl acrylate and/or allyl alcohol, the solution comprising not more than 0.002% by weight of allyl acrylate and/or allyl alcohol, based on acrylic acid, to aqueous monomer solutions for producing water absorbing polymers, to water absorbing polymers, to processes for producing hygiene articles and also to hygiene articles.
Process for classifying a particulate water-absorbing resin using a sieving apparatus at a reduced pressure compared with the ambient pressure and a sieving apparatus for classifying a particulate water-absorbing resin at a reduced pressure compared with the ambient pressure.
A polyurethane foam and a resin composition that may be used to form the polyurethane foam is provided. The resin composition comprises a first ethylene diamine-based polyol having about 100% ethylene oxide capping present in an amount of from 0.5 to 8 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the resin composition, a second polyol, and a physical blowing agent. The polyurethane foam comprises the reaction product of an isocyanate component and the resin composition. A method of forming the polyurethane foam on a substrate, comprising the steps of combining the isocyanate component, the first ethylene diamine-based polyol having about 100% ethylene oxide capping, the second polyol, and the physical blowing agent to form a polyurethane composition is also provided. The polyurethane composition is applied onto the substrate at an ambient temperature of 0° C. or lower to form the polyurethane foam.
C08G 18/28 - Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
Streptococcus mutans or an analog or fragment thereof. Moreover, uses of said microorganism or said analog or fragment thereof for the preparation of an anticariogenic or pharmaceutical composition or anticariogenic food or feedstuff as well as methods for producing said compositions or food or feedstuff are provided by the present invention.
Liquid filters having a filter housing are already known, which filters have a cylinder section and two end bases, wherein at an inside of at least one base, radially proceeding ribs of constant height are arranged. The requirements of pressure resistance of engine fuel filters have greatly increased as a result of higher system pressures and owing to the fact that, even with the engine shut off, the engine fuel filters in current engine fuel transport systems are under high pressure which can even exceed the system pressure in the shut-down case owing to the remaining heat of the engine. In the liquid filter according to the invention, the pressure strength of the filter housing is substantially increased. It is provided according to the invention that the height (H2) of the ribs (8), measured in one axial direction in relation to a cylinder axis (3), increases radially towards the interior.
A process for the preparation of acetylene and synthesis gas by partial thermal oxidation in a reactor which has a burner having passages, wherein the starting materials to be reacted are rapidly and completely mixed only immediately before the flame reaction zone in the passages of the burner, a mean flow rate which exceeds the flame propagation velocities under the given reaction conditions being established in the mixing zone within the passages.
− or a protonated form thereof. The invention further provides a process for preparing it and provides for the use of the new porous metal-organic framework.
3 precursor of acrylic acid is fractionally condensed in a condensation column provided with internals ascending into itself with side draw removal of crude acrylic acid and with liquid phase draw removal of acrylic acid-comprising acid water, and acrylic acid present in acid water is taken up into an extractant and then removed from the extractant and recycled into the condensation column, or taken up in aqueous metal hydroxide, or sent to further purification of the crude acrylic acid.
A process for preparing shaped catalyst bodies whose active composition is a multielement oxide, in which a finely divided precursor mixture with addition of graphite having a specific particle size is shaped to the desired geometry and then treated thermally.
The invention relates to a process for preparing polymethylol compounds of the formula (I)
where the radicals R are each, independently of one another, a further methylol group or an alkyl group having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms or an aryl or aralkyl group having from 6 to 22 carbon atoms, by condensation of aldehydes having from 2 to 24 carbon atoms with formaldehyde in an aldol reaction using tertiary amines as catalyst to form alkanals of the formula (II)
where the radicals R each independently have one of the abovementioned meanings, and subsequent hydrogenation of the latter. The particular inventive feature of this process is that the aldol reaction is carried out using an aqueous formaldehyde solution having a formic acid content of <150 ppm and preferably <100 ppm.
In this way of carrying out the process, the formation of by-products can advantageously be prevented in a targeted manner and the yield of the desired polymethylol compound can thereby be increased.
C07C 37/20 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms using aldehydes or ketones
C07C 27/04 - Processes involving the simultaneous production of more than one class of oxygen-containing compounds by reduction of oxygen-containing compounds
C07C 29/14 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of a —CHO group
The present invention relates to diarylphenoxyaluminum compounds which are obtainable by reacting a bis(diarylphenol) ligand of the formula (I)
with an alkylaluminum compound and/or a complex aluminum hydride.
The invention moreover relates to the use of such diarylphenoxyaluminum compounds as catalysts.
Moreover, the invention relates to a method of producing isopulegol by cyclization of citronellal in the presence of diarylphenoxyaluminum compounds as catalysts.
The invention also relates to a method of producing menthol by cyclization of citronellal in the presence of diarylphenoxyaluminum compounds as catalysts and subsequent hydrogenation.
C07C 35/08 - Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic containing six-membered rings
Rylene derivatives of the general formula I
Rylene is a polycyclic conjugated ring system which comprises at least one perylene unit
A is a radical of the formula
n is from 1 to 8.
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
70.
Amphiphilic water-soluble alkoxylated polyalkylenimines with an internal polyethylene oxide block and an external polypropylene oxide block
Amphiphilic water-soluble alkoxylated polyalkylenimines of the general formula I
E is an alkylenoxy unit of the formula
and quaternization products thereof.
C08L 53/00 - Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bondsCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
C08G 73/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen or carbon, not provided for in groups
C08G 73/04 - Polyamines derived from alkyleneimines
71.
Process for transferring heat to a liquid mixture comprising at least one (meth)acrylic monomer
A process for transferring heat to a liquid mixture comprising at least one (meth)acrylic monomer in an indirect heat exchanger, wherein a quaternary ammonium salt, a tertiary amine or a salt thereof with a Brønsted acid is added to the liquid mixture to reduce fouling.
The present invention relates to pyrazolecarboxanilides I
to processes for preparing these compounds, to compositions comprising them and to methods for using them for controlling harmful fungi.
C07D 231/10 - Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
73.
Use of an aqueous polymer dispersion as a binding agent for cellulose fibers and for the production of filter materials
The present invention relates to the use of an aqueous polymer dispersion comprising methacrylic acid and N-methylolacrylamide as a binder for producing filter materials and for base paper for decorative sheets.
B01D 24/00 - Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
B01D 39/00 - Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
−1 and residence times of 1-20 seconds, and then bringing the mixture from the self-cleaning twin-screw extruder into a second apparatus in order to complete the reaction.
A fluid reservoir assembly having a pan defining a drain opening and a plug disposed therein is disclosed. The pan includes a pair of ramps disposed on an inner surface thereof adjacent the drain opening. The plug includes a pair of wings in engagement with the ramps. The ramps increase in height relative to the inner surface of the pan along a first direction of rotation about the central axis. The plug is drawn into sealing engagement with an outer surface of the pan by rotating the plug in the first direction of rotation about the central axis thereby moving the wings up the ramps. The pan includes at least one stop to prevent over-rotation of the plug. The ramps define a recess to secure the wings in a closed position.
The present invention relates to aqueous insecticidal preparations in the form of an aqueous dispersion of finely divided polymer particles which comprise at least one insecticidal organic active ingredient with a solubility in water of not more than 5 g/l at 25° C. at 1013 mbar and which have a mean particle size, determined by dynamic light scattering, of not more than 300 nm, where the polymer particles which comprise the at least one insecticidal active ingredient of a cationic surface charge and where the aqueous dispersion of the active-ingredient-comprising polymer particles is obtainable by subjecting a monomer composition of ethylenically unsaturated monomers M, in which the ethylenically unsaturated monomers M comprise the at least one insecticidal active ingredient in dissolved form, to radical aqueous emulsion polymerization. The invention also related to the use of such aqueous insecticide compositions for protecting lignocellulosic materials, in particular timber, against attack by harmful insects.
A01N 53/02 - Esters containing the group , wherein the carbon atom marked with an asterisk is acyclic or part of a ring or ring systemThio-analogues thereof
A01N 47/10 - Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—NThio-analogues thereof
A01N 57/10 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
A01N 43/36 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
A01N 25/26 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of applicationSubstances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests in coated particulate form
A composite article (10) for protecting a substrate comprises a first elastomeric layer (16) that is a show surface of the composite article (10). The first elastomeric layer (16) comprises the reaction product of first isocyanate and first isocyanate-reactive components. At least one of the first components is aliphatic. The composite article (10) further comprises a second elastomeric polyurea/urethane hybrid layer (18) adhered to the first elastomeric layer (16). The second elastomeric polyurea/urethane hybrid layer (18) comprises the reaction product of second isocyanate and second isocyanate-reactive components. At least one of the second components is aromatic. Each of the elastomeric layers (16,18) has a glass transition temperature less than 0-C. The composite article (10) can further include a substrate layer adhered to the second elastomeric polyurea/urethane hybrid layer (18) opposite the first elastomeric layer (16). The composite article (10) may be a bedliner for a vehicle, such as for a truck.
The present invention relates to a method for controlling coniferous plants, in particular naturally seeded coniferous plants (wildling conifers), wherein an effective amount of at least one herbicide selected from the group consisting of sulfentrazone, carfentrazone, their agriculturally acceptable salts and their agriculturally acceptable derivatives is applied to the coniferous plants to be controlled or to their parts, such as roots, leaves, seeds or germinants.
60) is the weight of 0.9% by weight sodium chloride solution absorbed by 70 g of the water-absorbing polymeric particles in 60 minutes, wherein the water-absorbing polymeric particles are situated, during measurement, in a circularly round vessel which has an internal diameter of 6 cm and is sealed at its lower end by a sieve base of 36 μm mesh size, and the sieve base is in atmospheric contact with 0.9% by weight sodium chloride solution, processes for their preparation and also their use in hygiene articles and packaging materials.
C08G 63/60 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from the reaction of a mixture of hydroxy carboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
81.
Process for heterogeneously catalyzed partial dehydrogenation of at least one hydrocarbon to be dehydrogenated
A process for heterogeneously catalyzed partial dehydrogenation of a hydrocarbon, in which a reaction gas mixture input stream comprising the hydrocarbon to be dehydrogenated is conducted through a fixed catalyst bed disposed in a shaft and the reaction gas mixture input stream is obtained in the shaft by metering an input gas II comprising molecular oxygen upstream of the fixed catalyst bed into an input gas stream I which comprises molecular hydrogen and the hydrocarbon to be dehydrogenated and is flowing within the shaft toward the fixed catalyst bed.
The invention relates to a method for evaluating mechanical tests of a coating on a substrate, wherein a mechanical stress is embossed on the coating in a first step (S1), the substrate with the coating is clamped in isothermically in a second step (S2), and an infrared picture of the region where the mechanical stress is embossed in the first step (S1) is taken. In a fourth step (S4), the infrared picture is evaluated. The invention further relates to a device for executing said method.
The invention relates to a method for the detection of not fully hardened coatings (5) and of liquid or smearing impurities on a surface. In a first step, a foil (3) is pressed on the surface of a coating (5) with a preset contact pressure, wherein the foil (3) is moved in relation to the surface of the coating (5). The foil (3) is then peeled off the surface of the coating (5). It is then determined, whether impurities are attached to the foil (3). The invention further relates to a device for carrying out the method, comprising at least one foil (3) that can be pressed against a surface to be tested, at least one pressure roll (9) with a surface (11) pressing the foil (3) against the coating (5) and at least one device, with which it can be determined, whether impurities are attached to the foil (3).
A process for separating acrylic acid and benzoic acid present in the product gas mixture of a partial oxidation to acrylic acid, in which the acrylic acid and the benzoic acid are first converted to a liquid phase, constituents having a lower boiling point than benzoic acid and acrylic acid are removed therefrom by thermal separating processes, and the acrylic acid is removed by crystallization from the remaining liquid phase.
The present invention relates to a process for preparing granules of a hydrophilic vitamin comprising at least one binder in powder form composed of a copolymer of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate by compacting the mixture of the hydrophilic vitamin and the binder to form pieces and comminuting the pieces to form granules of the hydrophilic vitamin and the binder. The invention further relates to the granules of a hydrophilic vitamin obtained by said process and to tablets made with said granules of a hydrophilic vitamin.
The invention relates to a mixing kneader comprising at least two shafts (2,3) configured as hollow shafts, on whose surfaces kneading bars (4) are disposed on elements (5). The construction of the shafts is selected in such a way that the resonant frequencies of the shafts have a separation of at least 5% from the excitation frequencies. At least one of the shafts is preferably flowed through by a temperature-control medium, the inlet being disposed on one side and the outlet on the other side of the shaft. The mixing kneader preferably comprises at least one orifice above the shafts which is configured as a dome, the dome being closed by a displacer (22). In addition, at least one orifice for product withdrawal is provided, whose orifice cross section is adjustable during operation.
B01F 7/04 - Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles or arms
The invention relates to a method for producing mixtures containing adiponitrile, characterised by the following method steps: a) reaction of 3-pentenenitrile with hydrogen cyanide in the presence of a hydrocyanation catalyst, a promoter and a solvent, to give a hydrocyanation product, containing 3-pentenenitrile, adiponitrile, methylglutaronitrile, ethylsuccinonitrile, the solvent, the hydrocyanation catalyst, the promoter and possible decomposition products from the catalyst, b) distillation of the hydrocyanation product from step a) to give a stream (1) as top product, containing 3-pentenenitrile and a stream (2) as bottom product, containing adiponitrile, methylglutaronitrile, ethylsuccinonitrile, the majority of the solvent, the hydrocyanation catalyst, and the promoter, c) extraction of the stream (2) with an extracting agent to give a stream (3), containing the majority of the solvent, the hydrocyanation catalyst and the extraction agent and a stream (4), containing the majority of the adiponitrile, methylglutaronitrile, ethylsuccinonitrile and promoter.
C07C 253/10 - Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by addition of hydrogen cyanide or salts thereof to unsaturated compounds to compounds containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds
C07C 255/04 - Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic and saturated carbon skeleton containing two cyano groups bound to the carbon skeleton
A composite component such as a seat back for a vehicle comprises a support portion and at least one reinforcing composite layer. The support portion comprises a thermoplastic material and the reinforcing composite layer comprises a polymeric material impregnating a plurality of fibers. The polymeric material of the reinforcing composite layer is integrated with the thermoplastic of the support portion. A method of forming the composite component includes placing the composite layer into a mold, heating the thermoplastic material to a molten state, and disposing the thermoplastic material in the molten state into contact with the composite layer. The method further includes promoting interaction between the thermoplastic material and the polymeric material to integrate the support portion and the reinforcing composite layer. The thermoplastic material supports the reinforcing composite layer and the reinforcing composite layer reinforces the thermoplastic material to prevent failure when subjected to a load.
B29C 45/14 - Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mouldApparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
The present invention relates to a process for preparing 3-phenyl(thio)uracils and -dithiouracils of the formula I
where the variables are each as defined in the description, and also intermediates for their preparation.
Thermoplastic polyurethane comprising the reaction product of an isocyanate (a) with a compound (i) having at least one group which is reactive toward isocyanates and also at least two organosilicon groups.
C08G 77/24 - Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen halogen-containing groups
The invention relates to a method for producing a cyclic ketone that has 7 to 16 C atoms. Said method encompasses at least the following stages: (a) a composition (i) at least containing a cyclic alkene with 7 to 16 C atoms, including at least one C-C double bond, is oxidized by means of dinitrogen monoxide so as to obtain a composition (A); (b) composition (A) is treated with at least one base so as to obtain a composition (B); (c) composition (B) is hydrogenated in the presence of at least one catalyst so as to obtain a composition (C); (d) composition (C) is purified in at least the following steps: (di) composition (C) is thermally treated with at least one acid or at least one catalyst containing at least one transition metal; (dii) composition (C) is further purified by means of a process selected from the group comprising distillation, extraction, and crystallization.
C07C 45/28 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation of —CHx-moieties
C07C 45/62 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of C=O groups by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds
C07C 45/85 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification
C07C 49/413 - Saturated compounds containing a keto group being part of a ring of a seven- to twelve-membered ring
C07C 49/607 - Unsaturated compounds containing a keto group being part of a ring of a seven- to twelve-membered ring
92.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING POLYALCOHOLS WITH LOW METHANOL CONTENT FORMALDEHYDE
The invention relates to a method for producing of polyhydroxymethyl compounds of formula (I) (HOCH-2)2CR2, in which R, in each case independently of one another, represents a further hydroxymethyl group or an alkyl group with 1 to 22 carbon atoms or an aryl or aralkyl group with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, by (a) the condensation of aldehydes with 2 to 24 carbon atoms in an aldol reaction with formaldehyde with the use of tertiary amines as a catalyst to alkanals of formula (II), in which R, in each case independently of one another, has the meaning given above, (b) the subsequent separation by distillation of the reaction mixture obtained into a bottom fraction, containing predominantly the compounds of formula II, and a low-boiling fraction, containing the unreacted or partially reacted starting materials and (c) hydrogenating the bottom fraction of the distillation, characterized in that the aldol reaction is carried out with an aqueous formaldehyde solution with a methanol content of 0.35 to 0.5% by weight and that the low-boiling fraction is separated at a pressure of 1 to 3 bar and a temperature of 100° to 135°C and returned partly or completely to the aldol reaction. Advantageously, the formation of by-products can be prevented selectively by this method and the yield of the desired polyhydroxymethyl compounds increased by these means.
C07C 29/141 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of a —CHO group with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
The present invention relates to new borane complexes with substituted tetrahydrofuran ethers and a method of using new borane complexes with substituted tetrahydrofuran ethers for organic reactions.
C07C 29/143 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of ketones
C07C 29/147 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
C07C 209/44 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines, or by reduction of nitriles, carboxylic acid amides, imines or imino-ethers
C07C 209/50 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines, or by reduction of nitriles, carboxylic acid amides, imines or imino-ethers by reduction of carboxylic acid amides
C07D 307/06 - Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
The invention relates to a method for producing a cyclic ketone that has 7 to 16 C atoms. Said method encompasses at least the following stages: (a) a composition (I) at least containing a cyclic olefin with 7 to 16 C atoms, including at least one C-C double bond, is oxidized by means of dinitrogen monoxide so as to obtain a composition (A); (b) composition (A) is treated with at least one base so as to obtain a composition (B).
C07C 45/28 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation of —CHx-moieties
C07C 49/413 - Saturated compounds containing a keto group being part of a ring of a seven- to twelve-membered ring
C07C 49/607 - Unsaturated compounds containing a keto group being part of a ring of a seven- to twelve-membered ring
95.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING VICINAL DIOXO COMPOUNDS BY OXIDATION OF VICINAL DIHYDROXY COMPOUNDS ON A STRUCTURED CATALYST PACKING
The invention relates to a method for producing a vicinal dioxo compound by heterogeneously catalyzed gas phase oxidation of a vicinal dihydroxy compound in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas on metallic copper catalyst particle packings that are arranged in the tubes of a multi-tubular reactor. The invention is characterized in that the catalyst packings comprise two or more zones each, the catalytically active surface per volume unit of the catalyst packings decreasing from the first to the last zone in the direction of flow.
C07C 45/38 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of C—O— functional groups to C=O groups being a primary hydroxy group
The invention relates to a method and a device for controlling gas purity when a gas reservoir (41), containing a sorption material (82), is filled. A heatable filter (46), whose filter material can be regenerated or replaced, is connected upstream of the gas reservoir (41). A first shut-off valve (44) is connected upstream of the filter (46) and a second shut-off valve (54) is connected upstream of the gas reservoir (41). Higher molecular hydrocarbons CxHy that have been retained by the filter (46) are fed to a consumer, bypassing the gas reservoir (41), and are introduced into a consumer line (80).
The invention relates to a fuel reservoir (10) for gaseous fuel (22) in a vehicle, in particular a sorption reservoir. The fuel reservoir (10) is delimited by at least one wall (12, 36) and comprises a sorption material (30) that is contained in its interior. The fuel reservoir (10) comprises a tank inlet valve (14) containing a shut-off valve (16) and a restrictor valve (18). The restriction of the gaseous fuel (22) takes place inside the fuel reservoir (10).
The invention relates to a device and a method for purifying a gas reservoir (10), in particular a sorption reservoir containing a sorption material (18). The gas reservoir is emptied into an exhaust line (58) via a tank inlet valve (26) or into an intermediate gas reservoir (20) via a purge valve (38). The sorption material (8) is heated by means of a heating unit (20). A negative pressure is generated in the gas reservoir (10) for the desorption of impurities in the sorption material (18) using a delivery unit (54).
Method for manufacturing catalysts containing a) 0.001 to 10 % by weight of at least one metal from the group consisting of ruthenium, copper, and gold, b) 0 to 5 % by weight of one or more alkaline earth metals, c) 0 to 5 % by weight of one or more alkali metals, d) 0 to 10 % by weight of one or more rare earth metals, e) 0 to 10 % by weight of one or more additional metals selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, osmium, iridium, silver, and rhenium, based in each case on the total weight of the catalyst, on a substrate, in which the substrate is impregnated with one or more metal salt solutions that contain the active metal(s) and optionally promoter metals a) to e), and the impregnated substrate is dried and calcined, characterized in that the impregnated substrate is calcined at 200 to 600 °C in an acid-containing atmosphere in a fixed-bed or fluidized-bed reactor.
The invention relates to specifically designed highly functional, highly branched or hyperbranched polyesters with a low acid number based on di-, tri- or polycarboxylic acids, and diols, triols or polyols. The invention also relates to a method for the production and use of said polyesters.
