Present invention relates to a gravity distributor for distributing bulk material onto a rectangular surface, whereby the distributor includes an upper and a lower distribution stage, each comprising a spreading device. The upper distribution stage comprises a hopper (30), in the upper part of which there is a vertically inserted inlet tube (5) for feeding in bulk material, and in the upper part of the hopper (30) there is also a spreading device for the stream of bulk material and in the lower part of the hopper (30) there is an outlet nozzle (36) with an outlet slot (35). The spreading device of the bulk material includes a horizontal elongated divider (65) and deflector plates (15) located beneath the divider (65). Under the outlet slot (35) of the upper distribution stage there is the lower distribution stage for the bulk material, also comprising an elongated divider (70) and deflector plates (40) located beneath the divider (70).
The invention is provided for producing oil coke on the basis of oil shale. The oil coke is of improved quality having the microstructure similar to the microstructure of needle coke. As raw material a heavy fraction of shale oil with boiling point from 320 °C extracted from the residual product with boiling point from 350 °C of the atmospheric distillation of shale oil in the process of coking is used. The raw material is inserted into the coke cube and after that boiled, whereas during the whole boiling stage the temperature of raw material is continuously increased. Starting from the emerging of the coke bulk the temperature of the cube is increased to 720-760 °C and kept on this level until the end of the heating of oil coke. After that oil coke is annealed. The vaporised fractions emerged are processed and re-utilized.
C10G 1/02 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation
C10B 55/00 - Coking mineral oils, bitumen, tar or the like, or mixtures thereof, with solid carbonaceous materials
The invention is provided for producing oil coke on the basis of shale oil. The raw material is inserted in the coke cube, after which the thermo-oxidation and coking of the raw material are performed. Further the obtained oil coke is heated and after that annealed. The thermo-oxidation is performed at a temperature of 270-290 °C and terminated when the softening point of the raw material having been determined by the ball and ring method is 100-140 °C. The vaporised fractions emerged and the air used for thermo-oxidation are processed and re-utilized.
The invention is provided for purifying shale oil from solid impurities which have remained in the oil after thermal processing of oil shale. First subject of present invention is a method of purifying shale oil, according to which a composition to be purified is prepared from heavy and medium-light fractions of shale oil and petrol, after which a cyclical purifying process of said composition is carried out. During each cycle said composition is first filtered and the cycles are repeated until to the moment when the effectiveness of filtering becomes lower than required. When this happens, the filter is drained from the composition to be purified and filter cartridges are cleaned. Depending on the percentage of shale oil in a layer built up on cartridges they shall be either only dried using an inert gas having high temperature, after which they are subjected to pneumatic impacts or the above described procedure is preceded by washing of the filter cartridges with petrol. When filter cartridges have been cleaned, an analogous purification cycle follows. Second subject of present invention is an apparatus by means of which it is possible to carry out the above described method.
B01D 27/14 - Cartridge filters of the throw-away type having more than one filtering element
C10G 31/09 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by filtration
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
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