Abstract

An elevator system with a fire protection device includes an elevator shaft having at least two adjacent shaft portions, a guide rail in the elevator shaft, a car displaceable on the guide rail, and a fire protection device having a detector, a control unit connected to the detector, and a closing element that is disposed between two mutually adjacent shaft portions of the elevator shaft and which is movable between an open and closed state to separate the two shaft portions while in the closed state. A method of operating a fire protection device for an elevator system includes detecting smoke and/or a fire via a detector, and transferring a closing element disposed in the elevator shaft from an opened state to a closed state.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 5/02 - Applications of checking, fault-correcting or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
• B66B 11/00 - Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
• E04F 17/00 - Vertical ductsChannels, e.g. for drainage

Abstract

The invention relates to an levator system (1) comprising: a car (5) which is movably received inside an elevator shaft (52); a linear drive (3) for driving the car (5); the linear drive (3) comprises rotors (35), each of which is attached to one of the cars (5); at least one group of stators (31A; 31B; 31C), which comprises stators (34k..q) attached in the elevator shaft (52), wherein the stators (34k..q) are able to interact with the rotors (35) such that, by generating a moving magnetic field, the stators can drive the car (5) in the direction of a travel path (F); the group of stators (31A..C) comprises an inverter (39a; 39b; 39c), wherein the inverter (39a; 39b; 39c) is positioned in order to provide a multi-phase current for all of the stators (34k, 34n, 34q; 34l, 34o; 34m, 34p) belonging to the groups, wherein a changeover switch (37a; 37b; 37c) is positioned between the inverter and the stators belonging to the groups, which changeover switch is configured to selectively establish and disconnect a power connection between the inverter and one of the stators belonging to the groups.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 11/04 - Driving gear
• H02P 6/32 - Arrangements for controlling wound field motors, e.g. motors with exciter coils

Abstract

An elevator system includes first and second intersecting elevator shafts having respective guide devices disposed therein to guide the elevator car. The intersection area of the shafts includes a third guide device that rotates with respect to the shaft walls between alignment with the first and second elevator shafts, to permit an elevator car to transfer from one elevator shaft to the other. A safety device triggers a blocking signal in a control unit to prevent movement of the third guide device if the extent, or footprint/area, of the elevator car spatially overlaps the intersection extent defined by the area over which the third guide device can be rotated in the intersection area. A method for operating the elevator system includes triggering a blocking signal to prevent movement of the third guide device if there is an overlap between the elevator car extent and the intersection extent.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 5/00 - Applications of checking, fault-correcting or safety devices in elevators
• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator system (1) comprising at least one elevator shaft (20), at least one elevator car (5), which is received movably in the elevator shaft (20), and at least one guide rail (22H, 22V) for guiding the elevator car (5) in the elevator shaft (20). At least one guide rail (22H, 22V) has at least two rail portions (22A) arranged adjacently in the direction of travel (F), the rail portions being interspaced at a rail distance (D), said rail distance (D) being variable, and the rail portions (22A) each have a first rail surface (221) and a second rail surface (222) for guiding a wheel (51, 52) mounted on the elevator car (5), the rail surfaces being arranged on opposite sides of the rail portion (22A). A transition group (70) is provided between the adjacent guide rails (22H, 22V) and provides a first transition surface (231) and a second transition surface (232), the first and the second transition surfaces (231, 232) each being arranged in such a way that a wheel (51, 52) guided along the first or second rail surfaces (221) is guided, as it transitions between the rail portions, by the first or second transition surface (231, 232) irrespective of the actual dimension of the rail distance (D). The rail portions (22A) each have a third rail surface (221) for guiding a wheel (51, 52) mounted on the elevator car (5), and the transition group (70) has a third transition surface (713), which is arranged in such a way that a wheel (51, 52) guided along the third rail surfaces (233) is guided, at the transition between the rail portions (22A), by the third transition surface (713), irrespective of the actual dimension of the rail distance (D).

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 7/02 - GuidewaysGuides
• B66B 11/04 - Driving gear
• B66B 9/02 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated mechanically otherwise than by rope or cable
• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures

Abstract

The invention relates to a lift system (1), comprising at least one lift shaft (20), at least one lift car (5) which is moveably accommodated in the lift shaft (20), at least one first guide rail (22V) for guiding the lift car (5) in the lift shaft (20) along a first track (2V), in particular which is vertically orientated, at least one second guide rail (22H) for guiding the lift car (5) in the lift shaft (20) along a second track (2H), in particular which is not vertically orientated, a transfer unit (30) having a moveable guide rail (22B) for transferring the lift car (5) from the first guide rail to the second guide rail, a bearing (32) for rotatably retaining the rotatable guide rail (22B) about an axis of rotation (D), wherein the bearing (32) has a first bearing part (321), in particular a first bearing ring (321), as well as a second bearing part (322), in particular a second bearing ring (322), wherein the first bearing part (321) is arranged stationarily and the second bearing part (322) is arranged such that it can rotate relative to the first bearing part (321), wherein the bearing has a bearing diameter (RB), wherein the moveable guide rail (22B) has a radially external end (C) which is arranged at a radial distance (RC) from the axis of rotation (D), characterised in that half (RB) of the bearing diameter (D32) is at least 0.75% of the radial distance (RC) of the radially external end (C), and/or that half (RB) of the bearing diameter (D32) is at least 750 mm.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures

Abstract

The invention relates to a lift system (1), comprising: at least one lane (2VL, 2VR, 2H), at least one lift car (5), guide rails (22V, 22B, 22H) for guiding the lift car (5) along the lane; a drive pinion brake (9) which is designed to brake the lift car (5).

IPC Classes  ?

• H02P 3/04 - Means for stopping or slowing by a separate brake, e.g. friction brake or eddy-current brake
• B66B 1/32 - Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical effective on braking devices
• B66D 5/14 - Crane, lift, hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with axial effect embodying discs
• B66B 11/04 - Driving gear
• B66B 1/24 - Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
• B66B 9/02 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated mechanically otherwise than by rope or cable

Abstract

A method for operating an elevator system, include determining an expected stop extent with respect to the shaft axis of one of the two elevator cars, comparing the determined stop extent and the intersection extent of the shaft intersection with respect to the shaft axis of this elevator car, starting from a current position and in accordance with an expected braking distance of this car, and triggering a signal for one of the elevator cars.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 1/28 - Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical
• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
• B66B 5/00 - Applications of checking, fault-correcting or safety devices in elevators

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator system (1), comprising: at least one elevator shaft (20); at least two different lanes (2VL, 2VR, 2H), which are defined in the elevator shaft; at least one elevator car (5); guide rails (22V, 22B, 22H) for guiding the elevator car (5) along the lanes; a change-over unit (30) for transferring the elevator car (5) from a first lane to a second lane; a linear drive, having stators (81) and rotors (82), for driving the elevator car (5). The stators (81) are attached to the shaft, and the rotors (82) are attached to the elevator car. The rotors on an elevator car (5) comprise at least one second rotor (82a). The second rotor (82b) is arranged for movement relative to the elevator car (5) between a first position and a second position on the elevator car. In the first position, if the elevator car is arranged in the first lane, movement of the second rotor (82b) in the lateral direction (Q) is prevented. In the second position, if the elevator car (5) is arranged in the first lane, movement of the second rotor (82b) in the lateral direction (Q) is allowed.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
• B66B 11/04 - Driving gear
• B66B 9/02 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated mechanically otherwise than by rope or cable

Abstract

RRR); c) impregnating the spread fibers in a resin bath; further treating the impregnated to form a load carrier; characterized in that the plurality of fibers of a first roving undergo process steps (b) and (c) separately from the plurality of fibers of at least one further roving; wherein the plurality fibers of the first roving and the plurality fibers of the at least one further roving undergo process steps (b) to (c) simultaneously.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 7/06 - Arrangements of ropes or cables
• D07B 1/14 - Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for making, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
• B29B 15/12 - Coating or impregnating of reinforcements of indefinite length

Abstract

The invention relates to a core impregnator (2200) for use in a process of producing a composite elevator belt. The core impregnator comprises at least one opening for supplying a resin material to an inner cavity (2220) of the impregnator; a point of fiber entry (El); a point of fiber exit (E2); wherein the point of fiber entry has a height larger than the point of fiber exit such that the inner cavity and thus the impregnator (2200) is tapered.The invention also relates to a process for producing a composite elevator belt using said tapered core impregnator (2200).

IPC Classes  ?

• B29C 70/52 - Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
• B66B 7/06 - Arrangements of ropes or cables
• D07B 1/06 - Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
• B29D 29/00 - Producing belts or bands
• B29B 15/12 - Coating or impregnating of reinforcements of indefinite length
• D07B 1/16 - Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
• B29C 48/154 - Coating solid articles, i.e. non-hollow articles
• B29C 48/34 - Cross-head annular extrusion nozzles, i.e. for simultaneously receiving moulding material and the preform to be coated

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the maintenance of a lift system (43) with a lift controller (13), comprising at least one maintenance step, wherein the maintenance step involves at least one interaction with the lift controller (13). The lift controller (13) confirms that the maintenance step has been carried out based on the at least one interaction. The invention also relates to a suitable lift controller (13), and to a lift system (43) with a corresponding lift controller (13).

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 5/00 - Applications of checking, fault-correcting or safety devices in elevators
• G06Q 10/00 - AdministrationManagement

Abstract

The invention relates to a triggering system (200) for a safety catch apparatus (230) which can be attached to a counterweight (125) or to an elevator car (120), which counterweight is connected to the elevator car by means of a supporting means guided by a drive sheave coupled to a drive and is guided in a shaft. A stationary clamping means (241) which can be clamped in the shaft, an actuating device (210) by means of which a force can be exerted on the clamping means (241), as required, in the longitudinal direction of the clamping means, and a coupling device (220) by means of which the clamping means (241) and the safety catch apparatus (230) can be coupled together such that the safety catch device (230) can be triggered when the force is exerted on the clamping means (241), are provided. The invention also relates to an elevator system having such a triggering system (200) and a method for operating an elevator system.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 5/04 - Applications of checking, fault-correcting or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed
• B66B 5/06 - Applications of checking, fault-correcting or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed electrical
• B66B 5/18 - Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
• B66B 5/00 - Applications of checking, fault-correcting or safety devices in elevators

Abstract

The invention relates to a lift system (1) comprising at least one first lane (2VL) orientated in a first direction (z), at least one second lane (2FD) orientated in a second direction (y), at least one lift car (5), in particular a plurality of lift cars (5), guide rails (21, 22) designed for guiding the lift car (5) along the first and second lane (2H, 2V), a transfer unit (30) for transferring the lift car (5) from the first lane (2V) to the second lane (2H) and/or from the second lane (2H) to the first lane (2V), wherein said guide rails comprise backpack-type guide rails (22V, 22D, 22H) designed for guiding the lift car (5) at least while the lift car (5) is in the transfer unit (30) and/or at least while the lift car (5) is entering the transfer unit (30) and/or at least while the lift car (5) is moving out of the transfer unit (30), wherein the guide rails comprise lateral guide rails (21V) which are designed to guide the lift car (5) while it is not in the transfer unit (30).

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
• B66B 7/02 - GuidewaysGuides

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator system comprising at least one elevator car (28) that can be moved in an elevator shaft along a guide rail (52). At least one first roller (54) is arranged between the elevator car (28) and guide rails (52), said first roller (54) being designed as a grounding roller. In this way, the elevator car (28) is prevented from being electrostatically charged during travel.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 7/04 - ShoesRollers

Abstract

An elevator system (1), comprising: at least one track (2VL, 2VR, 2H) oriented in a direction (z, y); at least one elevator car (5); guide rails (22V, 22B, 22H) for guiding the elevator car (5) along the tracks; a rack-and-pinion drive (8) having - racks (83) that are installed along the track, - a drive pinion (82) that is fixed on the elevator car (5) and that can interact with the racks, in order to exert a propulsive force on the elevator car (5) for movement, - a motor for driving the drive pinion in a first drive direction (A1), wherein: the elevator system (1) is especially designed so that the elevator car (5), in at least one operating mode, travels vertically upwards at a speed of at least 8 m/s; and the system is provided with a safety device (84; 88, 86) designed to prevent torque from being applied by the motor (81) to the drive pinion (82) in a second drive direction (A2) oriented in the opposite direction to the first drive direction.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
• B66B 9/02 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated mechanically otherwise than by rope or cable

Abstract

An elevator system (1), comprising: at least one track (2VL, 2VR, 2H); at least one elevator car (5); guide rails (22V, 22B, 22H) for guiding the elevator car (5) along the track; a rack-and-pinion drive (8) having - racks (83) that are installed along the track, - a drive pinion (82) that is fixed on the elevator car (5) and that can interact with the racks (83), in order to exert a propulsive force on the elevator car (5) for movement; and a safety brake (9) designed to bring the elevator car to a halt, irrespective of an engagement of the drive pinion with the rack.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 5/18 - Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
• B66B 9/02 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated mechanically otherwise than by rope or cable
• B66B 11/04 - Driving gear

Abstract

A transfer arrangement (1) for a lift system (50), comprising: a movable, in particular rotatable guide rail (58) of a lift system (50), a drive (2), in particular electric drive (2), for moving, in particular rotating, the movable guide rail (58) in a predefined movement direction (B), characterised in that the drive (2) is connected to the movable guide rail (58) via a transmission (60).

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 7/02 - GuidewaysGuides
• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures

Abstract

The invention relates to an emergency power supply (10) and a method of operating an emergency power supply (10) for at least one electrical consumer (4, 5, 6) in an elevator cabin (1), wherein a remaining power supply capacity of an energy storage device (12) of the emergency power supply is determined. The invention also relates to an elevator cabin (1) and to an elevator (3).

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• B66B 5/00 - Applications of checking, fault-correcting or safety devices in elevators

Abstract

The invention relates to a lift system (1) comprising a plurality of lanes (2VL, 2VR, 2H) which are orientated in a direction (z, y), at least one lift car (5), guide rails (22V, 22B, 22H) for guiding the lift car (5) along the lanes, at least one transfer unit (30) for transferring the lift car from one of the lanes to another of the lanes, characterised by toothed racks (23V, 23B, 23H) that are installed along the lanes, a drive (52-55) having a drive wheel (52) attached to the lift car (5), which can integrate with the toothed racks in order to apply a driving force to the lift car (5) for movement.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
• B66B 9/02 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated mechanically otherwise than by rope or cable

Abstract

An elevator system having an elevator car 24 arranged in a shaft is disclosed, said elevator car 24 being connected to a counterweight 26. The connection between the elevator car and the counterweight comprises a first suspension, which has a first suspension-means portion. The connection between the elevator car and the counterweight furthermore comprises a second suspension, which has a second suspension-means portion. A drive unit 50' is configured to move the elevator car by means of the first suspension. Furthermore, a further elevator car 24' is arranged in the shaft, said elevator car 24' being movable independently of the elevator car by means of a second drive unit 50".

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 11/00 - Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures

Abstract

The invention relates to a lift system (11) comprising a lift car (15) which can be moved along a travel direction in a lift shaft (21a, 21b). The lift system comprises a linear motor arrangement (47) for driving the lift car (15) along the travel direction, a guide rail system (13) which extends along the lift shaft (21a, 21b), and a first roller guide (31) for guiding the lift car (15) along the guide rail system (13). The linear motor arrangement (47) and/or a second roller guide (33) is/are arranged asymmetrically with respect to the first roller guide (31).

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 11/04 - Driving gear
• B66B 7/02 - GuidewaysGuides
• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
• B66B 11/02 - Cages

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator system (11) having at least two elevator cars (19a, 19b, 19c), which can travel along a common rail section on a wall, wherein the common rail section (17a, 17b) comprises a plurality of rail segments (21), which are arranged in succession in a vertical travel direction (23). The rail segments (21) are secured to the wall (15) so as to slide in the vertical direction. The common rail section furthermore comprises at least one transfer device (27a, 27b, 27c, 27d), which is secured to the wall (15) so as to slide in the vertical direction.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 7/02 - GuidewaysGuides
• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures

Abstract

The present invention relates to a balustrade (1) comprising a plurality of first panels (2), a plurality of second panels (3), and a handrail guide (4) arranged on the first panels (2), the second panels (3) being arranged laterally offset with respect to the first panels (2) in such a way that the second panels (3) protrude beyond the handrail guide (4). Support elements (5) are arranged in each case between two first panels (2), with at least one holding element (10) being arranged on the support elements, which holding element holds the second panels (3). The invention also relates to a people-transporting device having at least one such balustrade (1). Lastly, the invention relates to a method for modernising a people-transporting device, wherein the people-transporting device is fitted with such a balustrade (1).

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 23/22 - Balustrades

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator system comprising a load-bearing belt system adapted to support an elevator cabin, and a device which is adapted to respond to changes in the tension distribution throughout the load-bearing belt system. The invention also relates to a tension equalizing process in an elevator system comprising a load-bearing belt system.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 7/10 - Arrangements of ropes or cables for equalising rope or cable tension

Abstract

22) applied by the energy accumulator (2) in a ready position, wherein the holding device (3), in a release state (II), does not hold the connector (7) in the ready position thereof, and the connector (7) is switched into a release position, and, during a retrieval phase (III), the actuator (1) can be switched from the release state (II) into the ready state (I) using the resetting device (6). The invention also relates to an elevator installation comprising a brake and an actuator (1), which cooperates with the brake, in order to decelerate an elevator car which is displaced in an elevator shaft of the elevator installation.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 5/18 - Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces

Abstract

Embodiments show a method for operating an elevator system, in particular an elevator system operated by means of linear motors, wherein the elevator system comprises, in a shaft, at least one, in particular fixed, first running rail which is oriented (fixedly) in a first, in particular vertical, direction (z) and at least one guide element which is oriented in a second, in particular horizontal, direction (y). Furthermore, the elevator system has at least one elevator car, in particular a plurality of elevator cars, wherein the elevator car is movable along the first running rail and the guide element. A transfer region is provided for transferring the elevator car from the first running rail onto the guide element. A first auxiliary apparatus is designed to move the elevator car independently of a drive of the elevator car, in particular along the first running rail. The method comprises the following steps: moving the elevator car along the first running rail into the transfer region by means of the first auxiliary apparatus; transferring the elevator car from the first running rail onto the guide element in the transfer region; moving the elevator car along the guide element.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 5/00 - Applications of checking, fault-correcting or safety devices in elevators
• B66B 5/02 - Applications of checking, fault-correcting or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a lift installation (50), the lift installation comprising: - a lift cabin (51), - at least one first rail (56) and a second rail (57), along which the lift cabin (51) can be moved; further comprising at least one moveable, particularly rotatable, transposer unit (53), by means of which the lift cabin (51) can be transposed from travelling along the first rail (56) to travelling along the second rail (57), wherein the transposer unit (53) can be transferred from a first position into a second position; further comprising a drive unit (60) configured for driving the movement of the transposer unit (58); the method comprising the following method steps: - determining a transposition duration (U1, U2) available for moving the transposer unit (58) from the first position into the second position; - operating the drive unit (60) according to the transposition duration (U1, U2) determined.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
• B66B 1/24 - Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
• B66B 11/04 - Driving gear

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator system (100) in a building having at least a number o of floors, having an m-th floor, an n-th floor above the m-th floor, and an o-th floor above the n-th floor, wherein at least one first elevator shaft (111, 112) extends between the m-th floor and the o-th floor, at least one second elevator shaft (121, 122) extends between the n-th floor and the o-th floor, and cars (150) can change between the at least one first elevator shaft (111, 112) and the at least one second elevator shaft (121, 122) between the n-th floor and the o-th floor.

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator system (100) comprising a first partial elevator system (110) having at least one first elevator shaft (111, 112, 113, 114), which extends from a lower floor (101) to a final floor (105), and at least one first cabin (115) which is movable in the at least one first elevator shaft (111, 112, 113, 114), a second partial elevator system (120) having at least one shaft-changing multi-cabin system with at least two second elevator shafts (121, 122, 123, 124), which extend from a middle floor (102) to an upper floor (104), and at least one second cabin (125) which is movable in the at least two elevator shafts (121, 122, 123, 124), wherein the upper floor (104) lies above the middle floor (102) and the lower floor (101) lies below the middle floor (102), wherein at least one change-over floor (103) is set up such that passengers can change between the at least one first elevator shaft (111, 112, 113, 114) of the first partial elevator system (110) and the at least two second elevator shafts (121, 122, 123, 124) of the second partial elevator system (120), and wherein the at least one change-over floor (103) lies between the middle floor (102) and the upper floor (104).

IPC Classes  ?

• B66B 9/00 - Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures