Polyesters are an invaluable material used today and are considered more recyclable-by-design and biodegradable than polyolefins. Disclosed herein are methods for up-cycling of polyethylene (PE) to aliphatic polyesters via a two-step oxidative approach. The first step converts PE to a polyketone via a mild oxidation with a radical initiator, solvent, O2, and cobalt catalyst. The second step converts the resulting ketone functionality to the ester via a Baeyer-Villiger oxidation.
C08G 65/48 - Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
C08G 67/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing oxygen or oxygen and carbon, not provided for in groups
2.
BATTERY ABUSE SYSTEM THAT FACILITATES IN-SITU X-RAY IMAGING AND MULTI-MODAL MEASUREMENTS AND METHODS THEREOF
Systems and methods that facilitate X-ray imaging of lithium-ion (Li-ion)batteries during mechanical, thermal, and/or electrical abuse are disclosed. In addition to facilitating X-ray imaging, the system also facilitates the simultaneous collection of thermal, electrical, force, and displacement data during the abuse-testing of Li-ion batteries. Materials that are within the field of view of X-ray imaging are highly transparent to X-rays. The system also contains a mechanical indentation apparatus that facilitates high force indentation, compression, or penetration tests of batteries to induce mechanical failure or thermal runaway within the Li-ion battery.
G01N 23/046 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using tomography, e.g. computed tomography [CT]
G01N 23/083 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption the radiation being X-rays
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
G01N 23/02 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by transmitting the radiation through the material
G01N 21/88 - Investigating the presence of flaws, defects or contamination
3.
Thermochemical Material Systems for Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning
A thermal energy storage (TES) system using a thermochemical material (TCM) may have a discharging mode (i.e., heat releasing mode) and a charging mode (i.e., heat absorbing mode), both of which can be used in building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) applications. During both modes, the water vapor/moisture contained in the air interacts with the TCM. During discharging, water vapor is absorbed by the TCM and the heat of reaction is released to the air, resulting in a substantially dehumidified air which may be slightly heated and can be used for heating applications. During charging, the TCM may be heated to drive the reversible dehydration reaction and release the moisture to the air, preparing it for cooling applications.
A thermal energy storage (TES) system using a thermochemical material (TCM) may have a discharging mode (i.e., heat releasing mode) and a charging mode (i.e., heat absorbing mode), both of which can be used in building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) applications. During both modes, the water vapor/moisture contained in the air interacts with the TCM. During discharging, water vapor is absorbed by the TCM and the heat of reaction is released to the air, resulting in a substantially dehumidified air which may be slightly heated and can be used for heating applications. During charging, the TCM may be heated to drive the reversible dehydration reaction and release the moisture to the air, preparing it for cooling applications.
The present disclosure relates to a solar cell that includes a first layer that includes a semiconductor and a second layer that includes at least one of an oxide, a carbide, a nitride, a fluoride, and/or a sulfide, where the second layer covers a surface of the first layer, the second layer has a thickness between about 400 nm and about 10 μm, and the solar cell retains at least 95% of a starting power-conversion-efficiency (PCE) after exposure to a proton fluence of about 1E15 cm−2 for protons having an energy between greater than zero KeV per proton and less than or equal to 0.05 KeV per proton.
Disclosed herein are methods, compositions and systems useful for genetically engineering subcellular compartments such as OMVs for synthetic biology applications. In an embodiment, genetically engineered bacteria use OMVs to secrete compounds or proteins of interest extracellularly where the compounds or proteins of interest can be isolated from the growth media.
The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a matrix material constructed of at least one of a polyester resin, a polyester polymer, and/or a combination thereof and a plurality of fibers, where the plurality of fibers includes a first portion of an inorganic fiber and a second portion of an organic fiber, and the plurality of fibers and the matrix material are in physical contact.
Digesting poly(ethylene terephthalate) includes combining poly(ethylene terephthalate) with a solvent that includes one or more long chain alcohols to yield a reaction mixture, and heating the reaction mixture to a temperature between about 20° C. and about 300° C. to yield a product including one or more alkyl terephthalates. A modified asphalt includes asphalt, an asphalt binder, molten polyolefin, and the one or more alkyl terephthalates
C08J 11/24 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material by treatment with organic oxygen-containing compounds containing hydroxyl groups
Techniques of the present disclosure provide dynamic adaptive overcurrent protection. An example device includes at least one processor configured to determine, based on one or more steady state system parameters that define a state of a power distribution system, a local voltage value at a protective device, and a local current value at the protective device, an estimated minimum fault current for the protective device. The at least one processor may be further configured to determine, based on the estimated minimum fault current and a rated load current for the protective device, an adaptive pickup setting for the protective device. The at least one processor may also be further configured to cause the protective device to trip a circuit breaker in response to determining that an updated value of the current at the protective device exceeds the adaptive pickup setting.
H02H 3/00 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection
H02H 1/00 - Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
H02H 3/08 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to excess current
10.
DOWNSTREAM PROCESS FOR SEPARATING A MIXTURE OF DEPOLYMERIZED POLYESTER PRODUCTS PRODUCED FROM METHANOLYSIS
Disclosed herein are methods and compositions used to separate and recover high-purity individual monomers from a mixture of deconstructed products from a catalyzed methanolysis depolymerization process of mixed polyester wastes.
C08J 11/24 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material by treatment with organic oxygen-containing compounds containing hydroxyl groups
C07C 51/43 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation
C07C 67/03 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting an ester group with a hydroxy group
C07C 67/48 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives
The United States, as represented by the Secretary of Agriculture, USDA Forest Service (USA)
Inventor
Tinsley, Ryan James
Barbosa, Andre Ramos
Morris, Priscilla
Bean, Jonathan Yorke
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a structural unit that includes an inner frame having at least one side, an outer frame having at least three sides, and a connecting element, where both the inner frame and the outer frame are positioned parallel to a first reference plane (the xy-plane), the inner frame is positioned within the outer frame, the connecting element physically connects the inner frame and the outer frame, and the connecting element is positioned parallel to the first reference plane.
Disclosed herein are processes for ethanol production from a lignocellulosic feedstock. These processes provide DMR of lignocellulosic biomass comprising two-stage deacetylation followed by mechanical refining so as to increase fermentable sugar yield while reducing hydrolytic enzyme loading requirements.
An organic photovoltaic module includes an electrically interconnected organic photovoltaic cells applied to a common substrate. Each of the electrically interconnected organic photovoltaic cells includes a backside device layer, an organic semiconductor absorber layer, a frontside buffering collection layer deposited on the organic semiconductor absorber layer, and a transparent material contact layer deposited on the frontside buffering collection layer. The organic photovoltaic module includes multiple scribes that separate the electrically interconnected organic photovoltaic cells from each other. The multiple scribes extend into the frontside buffering collection layer, the organic semiconductor absorber layer, and the backside device layer. The transparent material contact layer of a first of the electrically interconnected organic photovoltaic cells extends into the multiple scribes and electrically connects with the backside device layer of a second of the electrically interconnected organic photovoltaic cells.
Some embodiments of the invention include inventive methods for preparing perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In certain embodiments, the method comprises dissolving a functionalized material (e.g., a material that is functionalized with one or more functionalizing compounds) in a solvent, depositing a deposit composition on a perovskite layer where the deposit composition comprises the dissolved functionalized material, heating the deposit composition, and optionally removing some or all of the one or more functionalizing compounds from the deposit composition. Additional embodiments of the invention are also disclosed herein.
H10K 30/40 - Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising a p-i-n structure, e.g. having a perovskite absorber between p-type and n-type charge transport layers
Provided herein are methods for the electrochemical conversion of industrial waste and carbon dioxide to form valuable mineral carbonate products, such as limestone and dolomite. The provided methods are flexible and can be utilized with a range of industrial waste streams from mining to industrial metal processing slag. The provided methods allow for the analysis and tailoring of processes based on the input industrial waste and can be performed at near ambient temperatures and pressures and, in some cases, utilize very low concentrations of carbon dioxide including at atmospheric levels.
C01B 32/60 - Preparation of carbonates or bicarbonates in general
C04B 7/36 - Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
B01J 20/04 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
Excess phosphorus (P) in wastewater effluent poses a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems and can spur harmful algal blooms. Revolving algal biofilm (RAB) systems are an emerging technology to recover P from wastewater before discharge into aquatic ecosystems. In RAB systems, a community of microalgae take up and store wastewater P as polyphosphate as they grow in a partially submerged revolving biofilm, which may then be harvested and dried for use as fertilizer in lieu of mined phosphate rock. Disclosed herein are methods for isolating and characterizing microalgae strains from active RAB systems. Strains were identified by microscopy and 16S/18S ribosomal DNA sequencing, cryopreserved, and screened for elevated P content (as polyphosphate). Seven isolated strains possessed at least 50% more polyphosphate by cell dry weight than a microalgae consortium from a RAB system, with the top strain accumulating nearly threefold more polyphosphate. Isolated P-hyperaccumulating microalgae have broad applications in resource recovery from various waste streams, including improving P removal from wastewater.
The present disclosure relates to a method for smoothing a surface, where the method includes a first depositing onto a first surface of a first layer, resulting in the forming of a second layer on the first surface, where the first depositing is performed using hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE). The first surface is characterized by a first surface feature height and the second layer has a second surface that is characterized by a second surface feature height that is less than the first surface feature height.
Board of Trustees of Northern Illinois University (USA)
Inventor
Zhu, Kai
Xu, Tao
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a perovskite that includes a halogen, and a capture compound, where the capture compound is capable of forming a complex with at least one of the halogen and/or an anionic form of the halogen. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the perovskite may have a 3D crystal structure that includes a first cation, A, a second cation, B, and a halide X. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the capture compound may be a third cation, A′, where the 3D crystal structure may have the chemical structure of of AxA′(1-x)BX3, where 0≤x≤1.
Among other things, a lignin-based structural material and a method of making the lignin-based structural material are described. The method of making this lignin-based structural material may utilize significantly less energy than the manufacture of traditional structural materials. The lignin-based structural material may include lignin, an acid, a polymer, and an aggregate filler. The method of making this lignin-based structural material may also be capable of mitigating carbon dioxide by sequestering carbon (in the form of the lignin) and thus offsetting emissions from traditional structural material manufacturing.
C04B 24/06 - Carboxylic acidsSalts, anhydrides or esters thereof containing hydroxy groups
C04B 26/04 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
C04B 40/00 - Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
C04B 111/27 - Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
C08K 3/013 - Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
An example device includes at least one processor configured to determine, based on a value of a voltage and a value of a current at a location of an electrical power system, a plurality of voltage features and a plurality of current features corresponding to the location. The at least one processor may be further configured to determine, based on the plurality of voltage features and the plurality of current features, using a classification model, whether a fault has occurred in the electrical power system and responsive to determining that a fault has occurred, causing a protective device in the electrical power system to trip.
G01R 31/08 - Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
H02H 1/00 - Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
H02H 7/26 - Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occurred
21.
Photovoltaic Devices and Methods for Producing Devices Using Perovskite Materials
H10K 85/50 - Organic perovskitesHybrid organic-inorganic perovskites [HOIP], e.g. CH3NH3PbI3
H10K 30/40 - Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising a p-i-n structure, e.g. having a perovskite absorber between p-type and n-type charge transport layers
Among other things, a lignin-based structural material and a method of making the lignin-based structural material are described. The method of making this lignin-based structural material may utilize significantly less energy than the manufacture of traditional structural materials. The lignin-based structural material may include lignin, an acid, a polymer, and an aggregate filler. The method of making this lignin-based structural material may also be capable of mitigating carbon dioxide by sequestering carbon (in the form of the lignin) and thus offsetting emissions from traditional structural material manufacturing.
Among other things, a lignin-based structural material and a method of making the lignin-based structural material are described. The method of making this lignin-based structural material may utilize significantly less energy than the manufacture of traditional structural materials. The lignin-based structural material may include lignin, an acid, a polymer, and an aggregate filler. The method of making this lignin-based structural material may also be capable of mitigating carbon dioxide by sequestering carbon (in the form of the lignin) and thus offsetting emissions from traditional structural material manufacturing.
C04B 24/06 - Carboxylic acidsSalts, anhydrides or esters thereof containing hydroxy groups
C04B 26/04 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
C04B 40/00 - Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
24.
LASER ABLATED HYBRID MICROSTRUCTURE ON ELECTRODES FOR DUAL OPTIMIZATION AND ABLATION MATERIAL RECYCLING
Described herein is a hybrid pattern ablated onto the surface of anodes and cathodes used for batteries (e.g., Li-ion batteries) using an ultrafast laser. The hybrid pattern incorporated channels and a hexagonally tessellated pore network. The former is used to enhance electrode wetting during cell fabrication while the latter dramatically enhances the fast-charge capabilities of the battery. The ideal pattern was determined by a genetic algorithm and a multi-physics model was used to refine the pattern dimensions to optimize electrochemical performance.
The present disclosure relates to a thermophotovoltaic (TPV) device that includes an emitter having a platform and a base, a block having a photovoltaic (PV) cell, and three posts, where the platform includes a first surface having a first surface area between 0.1 cm2 and 1,000 cm2, the PV cell includes a second surface having a second surface area between 0.1 cm2 and 1,000 cm2, the posts separate the first surface from the second surface by a space in the y-axis direction between 1 nm and 1,000 nm, each post is paired with a gap that separates the post from the platform, each gap is between 0.5 μm and 500 μm in the x-axis direction, and the TPV device is capable of converting at least one of near-infrared light or mid-infrared light to electricity.
Described herein is a hybrid pattern ablated onto the surface of anodes and cathodes used for batteries (e.g., Li-ion batteries) using an ultrafast laser. The hybrid pattern incorporated channels and a hexagonally tessellated pore network. The former is used to enhance electrode wetting during cell fabrication while the latter dramatically enhances the fast-charge capabilities of the battery. The ideal pattern was determined by a genetic algorithm and a multi-physics model was used to refine the pattern dimensions to optimize electrochemical performance.
The processes disclosed herein for separation of glucaric acid via antisolvent crystallization and azeotropic drying separate monopotassium glucarate and glucaric acid with a recovery yield of greater than 99.9% and 71% at purities of about 95.6% and 98.3%, respectively. Processes disclosed herein recycle antisolvents such as IPA and acetone with greater than 99% recovery with an energy consumption of about 20 MJ/kg for isolation of potassium glucarate and 1,456 MJ/kg for glucaric acid. Using methods and processes disclosed herein, other oxygenated bio-carboxylic acids (e.g., mevalonic acid) can be separated and recovered from fermentation broths and abiotic reaction solutions.
C07C 51/46 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation by azeotropic distillation
C07C 51/48 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by liquid-liquid treatment
28.
TRANSPARENT CONDUCTIVE ENCAPSULANT FOR PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL APPLICATIONS AND METHODS THEREFOR
Described herein are devices and methods that provide for the protection of photoelectrodes by encapsulating the surface exposed to the electrolyte with a transparent polymer containing dispersed transition metal coated polymer particles or spheres. Advantageously, these transparent conductive encapsulants (TCEs) provide significant conductivity while providing high transparency, allowing more photons to reach the photoelectrode, resulting in higher efficiency and longer device lifetimes.
Described herein, are devices and methods that introduce polymeric additives in catalyst layer ink formulations that mitigate catalyst layer cracking and increase electrochemical performance in electrochemical fuel cells, including hydrogen fuel cells.
The present disclosure relates to a method that includes processing, in a hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reactor, at least one of a VFA-derived ketone and/or a co-processing stream to produce a composition that is at least partially bioderived, as determined by ASTM-D6866.
C07C 1/22 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by reduction
C07C 45/41 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by hydrogenolysis or reduction of carboxylic groups or functional derivatives thereof
C07C 45/68 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of C=O groups by isomerisationPreparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of C=O groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
31.
RENEWABLE CO-SOLVENTS FOR THERMOCHEMICAL BIO-OIL PROCESSING
Treating pyrolysis oil to yield a liquid fuel or liquid fuel precursor includes combining the pyrolysis oil with one or more co-solvents to yield a mixture, and hydrotreating the mixture to yield the liquid fuel or liquid fuel precursor. The co-solvent can include one or more alcohols. The liquid fuel can be a transportation fuel, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, or marine fuel. The liquid fuel precursor can be a transportation fuel precursor, such as a gasoline precursor, a diesel fuel precursor, a jet fuel precursor, or a marine fuel precursor.
C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
C07C 5/10 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of aromatic six-membered rings
C07C 29/145 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of ketones with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
An aspect of the present disclosure is a method that includes a first reacting a molecule from at least one of a carboxylic acid, an ester of a carboxylic acid, and/or an anhydride with ammonia to form a nitrile, where the first reacting is catalyzed using an acid catalyst. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the molecule may include at least one of acetic acid, lactic acid, and/or 3-hydroxyproprionic acid (3-HPA). In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the molecule may include at least one of methyl acetate, ethyl lactate, and/or ethyl 3-hydroxypropanoate (ethyl 3-HP). In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the anhydride may be acetic anhydride.
Described herein is the bio-derivation of the functional replacement from biological conversion which addresses the need to replace petroleum-derived materials from caustic processes. Current technologies do not address the end-of-life for plastics, and the incorporation of reversible chemistry for high performance materials would enable a circular material life cycle. The diamine in the polybenzoxazine utilizes a bioderived material with an additional functional handle to polymerize linearly and crosslink for thermal and mechanical properties comparable to petroleum derived materials.
A modulating preheating device (MPD) for a building energy recovery ventilation (ERV) system which can modulate its heating based on the conditions of both the building return air and the intake air is described. The MPD is an add-on module for ERV units utilizing a heat exchanger core which can preheat intake air when necessary to reduce frost formation. The preheating can be modulated using a controller.
Three-terminal (3T) photoelectrodes with cathodic protection capability are described. The 3T photoelectrodes utilize the third (i.e., the “extra”) electrode to bypass the diode in a semiconductor circuit and pass current with significant reductions in corrosions or reverse bias. The 3T photoelectrodes may be operated in diode mode when exposed to illumination and switched to an ohmic mode when light is significantly reduced (i.e., in the dark) to enable cathodic protection. The 3T photocathodes may maintain photoelectrochemical (PEC) activity in methyl viologen electrolyte under light/dark cycling. The 3T photoelectrodes may enable PEC in conditions where variable illumination is a regular occurrence.
H01L 31/0288 - Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic System characterised by the doping material
H01L 31/02 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof - Details
A two-body wave energy converter (WEC) that utilizes components in the two bodies having variable geometry is described. The WEC includes a surface control body which includes a first variable geometry component, and a reaction control body, which includes a second variable geometry component. During operating, the two variable geometry components may be substantially inflated to enable the WEC to generate electrical energy using power-take off (PTO) components or substantially deflated to allow for load shedding or protection from intense elements.
F03B 13/10 - Submerged units incorporating electric generators or motors
F03B 13/14 - Adaptations of machines or engines for special useCombinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatusPower stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
F03B 13/18 - Adaptations of machines or engines for special useCombinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatusPower stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member and another member wherein the other member is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
F03B 13/20 - Adaptations of machines or engines for special useCombinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatusPower stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member and another member wherein both members are movable relative to the sea bed or shore
A modulating preheating device (MPD) for a building energy recovery ventilation (ERV) system which can modulate its heating based on the conditions of both the building return air and the intake air is described. The MPD is an add-on module for ERV units utilizing a heat exchanger core which can preheat intake air when necessary to reduce frost formation. The preheating can be modulated using a controller.
F24F 11/52 - Indication arrangements, e.g. displays
F24F 12/00 - Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
F24F 3/14 - Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatmentApparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidificationAir-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatmentApparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by dehumidification
Disclosed herein are five genes that were identified and engineered into Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and P. putida CJ781 to improve tolerance to sodium salt (Na+).
C12N 15/78 - Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora for Pseudomonas
C07K 14/21 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from bacteria from Pseudomonadaceae (F)
This application provides a high-performance macromolecule that contains both amide bonds and urethane bonds, derived from renewable sources such as vegetable oil, and the method of making thereof.
C07D 407/14 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group containing three or more hetero rings
BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY (USA)
Inventor
Zhu, Kai
Park, Soyeon
Xu, Tao
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a device that includes a first electrode layer constructed of a material having a melting point less than or equal to 200°C, a first charge transport layer (CTL), and an active layer, where the CTL is positioned between the first electrode layer and the active layer. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the melting point may be between 100°C and 200°C.
Disclosed herein are methods and compositions of matter showing that catalytic autoxidation can be used to generate aromatic monomers from C—C linked dimers and oligomers derived from lignin. This is demonstrated by acetylating phenol-rich RCF oil and then conducting aerobic oxidation of the oligomeric fraction of poplar RCF oil with a Co/Mn/Br catalyst mixture in acetic acid. This reaction yields a collection of oxygenated aromatic monomers that represent a 17% increase in monomer yield compared to the RCF process alone.
The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a covalent organic framework (COF) having an internal volume and an outer surface and a first polymer covalently bonded to at least a portion of the outer surface, where the covalently bonded first polymer has a glass transition temperature (Tg) between about −130° C. and about +180° C., the composition is capable of reversibly adsorbing and desorbing H2 when the composition is at a temperature greater than or equal to the Tg, and the composition is capable of storing H2 within the internal volume when the composition is at a temperature less than Tg.
B01J 20/22 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
A dehydrogenative coupling process to convert alkanes to longer chain olefins in a single process step is described. The approach described combats the thermodynamics of traditional dehydrogenation by consuming the products as they form. This dehydrogenative coupling reaction may be performed in a single reactor which could enable increased per-pass yield of desirable C8+ olefins compared to a traditional two reactors in a series.
Disclosed herein are methods and compositions of matter for a homogeneous Mn and Zr autoxidation catalyst system to cleave the C—C bonds of the pine (primarily G-type lignin) and poplar (G- and S-type lignin) oligomers from RCF oils, along with the model compounds.
The Regents of the University of Colorado, a body corporate (USA)
Inventor
Palmstrom, Axel Finn
Berry, Joseph Jonathan
Johnson, Samuel Aaron
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a device that includes a first metal oxide layer having a first thickness, a second metal oxide layer having a second thickness, and a base layer having a third thickness, where the first metal oxide layer is positioned between the base layer and the second metal oxide layer, at least one of the base layer and/or the first metal oxide layer includes a carbon-containing material, and at least one of a carbon concentration gradient and/or an oxygen concentration gradient is present across at least one of a portion of the first thickness and/or a portion of the third thickness. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first metal oxide layer may be permeable to an oxygen-containing compound. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the oxygen-containing compound may include at least one of O3, N2O, and/or H2O2.
H10K 30/82 - Transparent electrodes, e.g. indium tin oxide [ITO] electrodes
H10K 30/40 - Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising a p-i-n structure, e.g. having a perovskite absorber between p-type and n-type charge transport layers
A kelp-inspired marine energy converter (MEC) device having a plurality of strips of flexible electroactive materials connected to a power conditioning module and anchored to a structure (such as the ocean floor) is described. The movement of the strips caused by water motion or current action (i.e., water motion) converted by the electroactive material to electrical energy.
F03B 13/18 - Adaptations of machines or engines for special useCombinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatusPower stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member and another member wherein the other member is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
H02M 7/00 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power outputConversion of DC power input into AC power output
A kelp-inspired marine energy converter (MEC) device having a plurality of strips of flexible electroactive materials connected to a power conditioning module and anchored to a structure (such as the ocean floor) is described. The movement of the strips caused by water motion or current action (i.e., water motion) converted by the electroactive material to electrical energy.
F03B 13/18 - Adaptations of machines or engines for special useCombinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatusPower stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member and another member wherein the other member is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
48.
POLY(HYDROXY)URETHANES FOR ENCAPSULATING PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS AND METHODS OF MAKING THE S
The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a poly(hydroxy)urethane (PHU) foam, a phase change material (PCM), and a solid additive, where the PHU foam includes a plurality of voids, at least a portion of the voids contain the PCM and the solid additive, and the composition is capable of being repeatedly cycled through a temperature range, resulting in the PCM cycling between a solid phase and a liquid phase. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the PCM may include at least one of a hydrated salt, a paraffin wax, a sugar alcohol, a fatty acid, and/or a eutectic mixture.
C09K 5/06 - Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice-versa
C08J 9/00 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof
C08J 9/06 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
The utilization of the byproducts from the deacetylation of lignocellulosic biomass from the production of ethanol to create cement additives and/or alternatives to ordinary portland cement (OPC) is described. These byproducts may be used to create black liquor bioash (BLA), activated lignin carbon (ALC), and/or lignin aerogel admixtures. In some embodiments, the byproduct may be combined with at least one binder to form alkali-activated materials (AAMs).
A power module that receives a control signal over a wireless connection with the power module using the control signal to generate a driving signal that drives one or more power switches is described. An aging detection feature for a power module is also described. The aging detection feature may employ a level searching circuit and a pulse counting technique that provides information about the state of health of one or more power switches. The information may include estimated values for on-state resistance and/or threshold voltage of one or more power switches.
G01R 31/26 - Testing of individual semiconductor devices
G01R 31/327 - Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
H02J 50/80 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H03K 17/687 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
51.
NON-INTRUSIVE OPTICAL ASSESSMENTS FOR HELIOSTAT ERROR DETECTION
Non-invasively detecting or determining heliostat surface opto-mechanical errors (e.g., surface slope, canting, and/or tracking) is described. At least one image captured of a target reflected on a heliostat surface may be used to determine the heliostat error. This may be based on the distortion of the target reflected on the heliostat compared to the expected reflection of the target on the heliostat. Image processing and computer vision may be utilized to generate a surface slope map of the heliostat and determine the error compared to an "ideal" model of the heliostat.
G01S 3/786 - Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system the desired condition being maintained automatically
G02B 7/182 - Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prismsMountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for mirrors for mirrors
H01L 31/054 - Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
F24S 50/20 - Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
F24S 50/00 - Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
52.
METHODS, SYSTEMS, AND DEVICES FOR WIRELESS POWER MODULES
A power module that receives a control signal over a wireless connection with the power module using the control signal to generate a driving signal that drives one or more power switches is described. An aging detection feature for a power module is also described. The aging detection feature may employ a level searching circuit and a pulse counting technique that provides information about the state of health of one or more power switches. The information may include estimated values for on-state resistance and/or threshold voltage of one or more power switches.
H02J 50/80 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
G01R 31/371 - Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with remote indication, e.g. on external chargers
H02J 50/10 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
53.
NON-INTRUSIVE OPTICAL ASSESSMENTS FOR HELIOSTAT ERROR DETECTION
Non-invasively detecting or determining heliostat surface opto-mechanical errors (e.g., surface slope, canting, and/or tracking) is described. At least one image captured of a target reflected on a heliostat surface may be used to determine the heliostat error. This may be based on the distortion of the target reflected on the heliostat compared to the expected reflection of the target on the heliostat. Image processing and computer vision may be utilized to generate a surface slope map of the heliostat and determine the error compared to an “ideal” model of the heliostat.
G06V 10/60 - Extraction of image or video features relating to illumination properties, e.g. using a reflectance or lighting model
G06V 10/44 - Local feature extraction by analysis of parts of the pattern, e.g. by detecting edges, contours, loops, corners, strokes or intersectionsConnectivity analysis, e.g. of connected components
54.
Inflatable Wind Turbine Blade and Attachment Mechanism
Among other things, the present disclosure relates to a wind turbine rotor blade that can be assembled at the site of its wind turbine. The blade includes an internal structure which may be pre-fabricated with connections to the shell skin prior to being transported to the site of its wind turbine. A filler material may be injected into the layers of fabric making up the shell skin at the wind turbine site and allowed to harden at approximately atmospheric conditions.
B29C 70/48 - Shaping or impregnating by compression for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM]
B29D 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
B29L 31/08 - Blades for rotors, stators, fans, turbines or the like, e.g. screw propellers
55.
Thermal Diode and Thermal Switch Bi-Directional Heat Transfer in Building Envelopes
The present disclosure relates to a directional heat transfer using thermal control devices, including a dual phase change thermal diode and an active contact-based thermal switch. The thermal diode includes a positive temperature coefficient switching material and a negative temperature coefficient switching material arranged in series. The thermal switch includes two thermally conducting surfaces which may be moved to contact (i.e., having a distance between them of substantially zero) creating minimal thermal contact resistance. Both thermal control devices may be used to control heat flow into and/or out of a building.
Disclosed herein are methods and compositions for developing an energy-efficient chemical processing technology that can break down, or deconstruct, plastics into valuable feedstocks that can be used to make the original plastics that were fed into this process (closed-loop recycling) or new plastics altogether (open-loop recycling) and develop new plastics that could be made from the chemicals coming out of the deconstruction process.
C07C 29/09 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrolysis
C07C 69/76 - Esters of carboxylic acids having an esterified carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
C08L 67/03 - Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds having the hydroxy and the carboxyl groups directly linked to aromatic rings
57.
CONTROL OF SURFACE MORPHOLOGY DURING THE GROWTH OF (110)-ORIENTED GAAS BY HYDRIDE VAPOR PHASE EPITAXY
Disclosed herein are methods for the growth of (110) GaAs solar cells by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) as an advance towards a (110)-oriented device platform with substrate reuse via spalling. Controlled spalling offers a fracture-based path to substrate amortization, allowing device removal and substrate reuse, but the faceted surface generated in spalling of (100)-GaAs presents hurdles to direct regrowth of subsequent devices. Spalling of (110)-oriented substrates takes advantage of the natural (110) cleavage plane in zinc-blende III-V materials, eliminating this faceting.
H01L 31/0735 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type comprising only AIIIBV compound semiconductors, e.g. GaAs/AlGaAs or InP/GaInAs solar cells
58.
MONOLAYER ION-BLOCKING LAYERS FOR STABLE METAL HALIDE PEROVSKITE INTERFACES AND DEVICES
The present disclosure relates to a device that includes a first layer that includes a first perovskite that includes a first cation (A), a second cation (B), and first anion (X), a second layer that includes a second perovskite that includes a third cation (A′), a fourth cation (B′), and a second anion (X′), and a third layer that includes a two-dimensional (2D) material, where the third layer is physically positioned between the first layer and the second layer, and the third layer minimizes or eliminates the transfer of at least one of A, A′, B, B′, X, or X′ between the first layer and the second layer.
H10K 85/50 - Organic perovskitesHybrid organic-inorganic perovskites [HOIP], e.g. CH3NH3PbI3
H10K 30/20 - Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising organic-organic junctions, e.g. donor-acceptor junctions
H10K 30/40 - Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising a p-i-n structure, e.g. having a perovskite absorber between p-type and n-type charge transport layers
H10K 71/12 - Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating
H10K 71/50 - Forming devices by joining two substrates together, e.g. lamination techniques
Board of Trustees of Northern Illinois University (USA)
Inventor
Zhu, Kai
Xu, Tao
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a metal-sequestering material and a support material, where the composition is substantially transparent to light having a wavelength greater than or equal to 350 nm, the composition is in the form of a layer having a thickness between 0.1 μm and 1 mm, the metal-sequestering material is capable of absorbing a metal that includes at least one of a post-transition metal, a metalloid, an alkali metal, and/or an alkaline earth metal, and the metal-sequestering material has an absorption capacity for the metal between about 1E-2 g metal/cm2 and about 1E-7 g metal/cm2.
B01J 20/22 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
A cooling device for at least one power electronics module that may serve as both an electrical insulator and a heat exchanger with integrated and thermally optimized surface enhancement features and cooling channels is described. The cooling device may replace the traditional baseplate sandwiched between layers of copper traditionally used to cool power electronics systems. Additionally, the cooling device may act as both a heat exchanger and take the role of the traditional metallization layer.
H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
H01L 23/473 - Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids by flowing liquids
F28F 3/02 - Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
H01L 23/467 - Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids by flowing gases, e.g. air
The present disclosure relates to a device that includes a first stack and a second stack, with each stack including, in order: an n-type cladding layer constructed of an alloy selected from at least one of GaInP, AlGaAs, GaInAsP, and/or AlGaInP, an n-type outer barrier layer constructed of at least one of GaAs and/or GaP; at least one quantum well; a p-type outer barrier layer constructed of at least one GaAs or GaP; and a p-type cladding layer constructed an alloy selected from at least one of GaInP, AlGaAs, GaInAsP, and/or AlGaInP; and a tunnel junction.
H01L 33/06 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a quantum effect structure or superlattice, e.g. tunnel junction within the light emitting region, e.g. quantum confinement structure or tunnel barrier
H01L 25/075 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses , , , , or , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group
H01L 33/00 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof
H01L 33/30 - Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of group III and group V of the periodic system
62.
Systems and methods for organic semiconductor devices with sputtered contact layers
Systems and methods for organic semiconductor devices with sputtered contact layers are provided. In one embodiment, an organic semiconductor device comprises: a first contact layer comprising a first sputter-deposited transparent conducting oxide; an electron transport layer interfacing with the first contact layer; a second contact layer comprising a second sputter-deposited transparent conducting oxide; a hole transport layer interfacing with the second contact layer; and an organic semiconductor active layer having a first side facing the electron transport layer and an opposing second side facing the hole transport layer; wherein either the electron transport layer or the hole transport layer comprises a buffering transport layer.
The present disclosure relates to a method for making a non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) foam, where the method includes decomposing a blowing agent having at least one of an amine carbamate salt and/or an amine bicarbonate salt to form a diamine and CO2 in the presence of a molecule comprising a plurality of cyclic carbonate functional groups and reacting the diamine with at least a portion of the cyclic carbonate functional groups to form the NIPU foam. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the reacting and the decomposing may occur at substantially the same rate.
C08J 9/08 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing carbon dioxide
Colorado State University Research Foundation (USA)
Inventor
Rorrer, Nicholas A.
Beckham, Gregg Tyler
Cywar, Robin Marcelle
Allen, Robert David
Clarke, Ryan William
Rosetto, Gloria
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a first copolymer having a first repeat unit and a second repeat unit as defined by Structure (I)
The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a first copolymer having a first repeat unit and a second repeat unit as defined by Structure (I)
The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a first copolymer having a first repeat unit and a second repeat unit as defined by Structure (I)
where is a covalent bond, U1 is a molar fraction of the first repeat unit, (1−U1) is a molar fraction of the second repeat unit, 0≤n≤20, 0≤m≤20, 0
Methods and systems for removing impurities from molten salts using an electrochemical purification system having two electrodes. When a voltage is applied to the two-electrode electrochemical purification system, ions from a counter electrode may react with impurities in the molten salt to form materials which can deposit on the working electrode and out of the molten salt. The systems and methods may be more effective at removing impurities than traditional methods and produce less harmful byproducts.
Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for making and using improved carbonic anhydrases for novel, sustainable, and low energy CO2 waste gas scrubbing technologies that are also transformational carbon capture technologies. Embodiments of methods, systems and compositions disclosed herein include, but are not limited to, non-aqueous solvents, advanced membranes, sorbents, and cryogenic systems that significantly reduce the cost of CO2 capture from coal and natural gas-fired power plants and industrial facilities. Methods disclosed herein reduce the energy and cost required for CO2 separation and can be applied for both pre-combustion and post-combustion CO2 capture.
Methods and compositions for forming perovskite hole transport layers for use in manufacturing photovoltaic devices are described. Embodiments include using a plurality of hole transport materials to produce high-performance HTL contacts to improve performance and stability.
H10K 30/86 - Layers having high hole mobility, e.g. hole-transporting layers or electron-blocking layers
H10K 30/40 - Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising a p-i-n structure, e.g. having a perovskite absorber between p-type and n-type charge transport layers
68.
Multilayer Back Contacts for Perovskite Photovoltaic Devices
Photovoltaic devices having contact layers are described herein. Devices, intermediate structures, and methods for making multilayer contacts for perovskite photovoltaic devices are provided. Embodiments include back contacts for N-I-P structures.
THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO, A BODY CORPORATE (USA)
IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC. (USA)
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON (USA)
ALLIANCE FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY LLC (USA)
Inventor
Henze, Gregor P.
Smith, Joshua R.
Sarkar, Soumik
Florita, Anthony J.
Jacoby, Margarite
Nezhad, Mohamadtaghi Katanbaf
Saffari, Ali
Tan, Sin Yong
Abstract
An integrated occupancy sensing system includes one or more radio frequency identification (RFID) sensor nodes and one or more base station units. Each of the one or more RFID sensor nodes includes at least one of (1) an image sensor, (2) an acoustic energy sensor, (3) a temperature sensor, (4) an illuminance sensor, or (5) a relative humidity sensor. Each of the one or more base station units is configured to be connected to a power source to emit a continuous wave carrier signal and to receive a reflected signal. Each of the one or more RFID sensor nodes is configured to receive and reflect the continuous wave carrier signal. In response to receiving the reflected signal from the one or more RFID sensor nodes, at least one of the base station units is configured to infer the likelihood of human occupancy in the building.
The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a first layer that includes a perovskite and a second layer that includes a perovskitoid, where the perovskite has a first crystalline structure defined by ABX3, the perovskitoid has a second crystalline structure defined by A′B2X6, where A is a first cation, B is a second cation, X is an anion, and A′ is a third cation having either a 1+ charge or a 2+ charge.
H10K 30/40 - Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising a p-i-n structure, e.g. having a perovskite absorber between p-type and n-type charge transport layers
C07F 19/00 - Metal compounds according to more than one of main groups
H10K 85/50 - Organic perovskitesHybrid organic-inorganic perovskites [HOIP], e.g. CH3NH3PbI3
Disclosed herein are PET hydrolase enzymes, and their nucleic acid and amino acid sequences. A number of candidates have been identified with detectable, quantifiable activity on PET and these enzymes possess desirable traits that are leveraged in the design and engineering of enzyme formulations targeted to degrade specific polymers. These enzymes have measurable PET degrading activity and, in an embodiment, may be active polyester polyurethanes.
The present disclosure relates to a photovoltaic device that includes a first contact layer having a first thickness, a first charge transport layer (CTL) having a second thickness positioned over a surface of the first contact layer, an absorber layer having a third thickness positioned over a surface of the first CTL, a second CTL having a fourth thickness positioned over a surface of the absorber layer, a second contact layer having fifth thickness positioned over a surface of the second CTL, a barrier layer having a sixth thickness, an encapsulation layer, and a first scribe line defined by at least one surface. Further, at least a portion of the barrier layer is positioned between the encapsulation layer and the second CTL, the at least one surface of the scribe line comprises at least a portion of the third thickness, fourth thickness, fifth thickness, and/or at least a portion of the second thickness, and the barrier layer is disposed over at least a portion of the at least one surface formed by the first scribe line.
H01L 31/05 - Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
H10K 30/40 - Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising a p-i-n structure, e.g. having a perovskite absorber between p-type and n-type charge transport layers
73.
IN-SITU DEPOSITION-POLYMERIZATION FOR THE IMPREGNATION AND COATING OF CU-NANOPARTICLE ELECTRODES
Electrochemical CO2 reduction is a promising technology to capture and convert CO2 to valuable chemicals. Disclosed herein is the effect of anolyte on the effective morphology (i.e. ionic accessibility) of a CO2 reduction cathode using electrochemical techniques and cell configurations that avoid the complexities related to co-electrolysis (oxygen evolution reaction at anode). When KOH is utilized as the anolyte the effective morphology of the cathode is enhanced, facilitating the CO2 reduction kinetics via improved electrocatalyst accessibility
A design for wind turbine rotor blades, aircraft wings, and/or other aerodynamic applications which may reduce the vorticity downstream and thus improve lift is described. The blade designs may include an increase in the blade chord towards the tip of the blade, a change in the twist angle at least once along the length of the blade, and/or a change in the thickness of the blade at least once along the length of the blade. These changes individually or in combination may allow for the creation of a counter-rotating vortex behind the blade, increasing power generation and/or lift.
Described herein are devices and methods for the production of single crystal boules which utilize in-situ generation of polycrystalline precursors, thereby reducing both energy on monetary costs. A single float zone furnace is used to both generate the polycrystalline starting material from gases and transform the polycrystalline material into a single crystal boule via heating.
Described herein are devices and methods for the facile, efficient electrocatalytic conversion of carbon monoxide to high purity formic acid and other organic compounds. The described devices utilize perforated membranes to reduce energy requirements and extend electrochemical cell life by reducing damage caused by fluids being formed between internal ion exchange membranes.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C25B 11/081 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the element being a noble metal
C25B 13/02 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by shape or form
The present disclosure relates to a photovoltaic (PV) system that includes a plurality of interconnected sections, where each section includes a PV element and a reflective surface, where at least two sections have a folded state and an unfolded state, and each section is configured to be switched between the folded state and the unfolded state.
A design for wind turbine rotor blades, aircraft wings, and/or other aerodynamic applications which may reduce the vorticity downstream and thus improve lift is described. The blade designs may include an increase in the blade chord towards the tip of the blade, a change in the twist angle at least once along the length of the blade, and/or a change in the thickness of the blade at least once along the length of the blade. These changes individually or in combination may allow for the creation of a counter-rotating vortex behind the blade, increasing power generation and/or lift.
Described herein are devices and methods for the facile, efficient electrocatalytic conversion of carbon monoxide to high purity formic acid and other organic compounds. The described devices utilize perforated membranes to reduce energy requirements and extend electrochemical cell life by reducing damage caused by fluids being formed between internal ion exchange membranes.
C01B 32/60 - Preparation of carbonates or bicarbonates in general
C25B 11/051 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
B01D 61/00 - Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltrationApparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
The present disclosure relates to a method that includes preparing a mixture by dissolving at least two halide perovskite precursors in a first liquid, forming a halide perovskite crystal in the mixture by lowering a solubility limit of at least one of the halide perovskite precursors, and separating the halide perovskite crystal from the mixture, where at least one of the halide perovskite precursors contains an impurity, and the halide perovskite crystal is substantially free of the impurity.
The present disclosure relates to a photovoltaic device that includes a first contact layer (120) having a first thickness, a first charge transport layer (CTL, 130) having a second thickness positioned over a surface of the first contact layer, an absorber layer (140) having a third thickness positioned over a surface of the first CTL, a second CTL (150) having a fourth thickness positioned over a surface of the absorber layer, a second contact layer (170) having fifth thickness positioned over a surface of the second CTL, a barrier layer (180) having a sixth thickness, an encapsulation layer (190), and a first scribe line (P3) defined by at least one surface.
H10K 39/12 - Electrical configurations of PV cells, e.g. series connections or parallel connections
H10K 85/50 - Organic perovskitesHybrid organic-inorganic perovskites [HOIP], e.g. CH3NH3PbI3
H01L 31/0465 - PV modules composed of a plurality of thin film solar cells deposited on the same substrate comprising particular structures for the electrical interconnection of adjacent PV cells in the module
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Piezoelectric switches Design of power conversion devices for converting a broadband energy spectrum from ocean, tidal, and river currents to electricity
83.
CORE-SHELL NANOWIRE ELECTRODES AND METHODS OF MAKING THE SAME
An aspect of the present disclosure is a method that includes depositing an ink as a liquid strand onto a substrate, transforming the liquid strand to a precursor strand, converting at least a portion of the precursor strand to a nanowire that includes a first metal, and coating the nanowire with a second metal to form a core-shell nanowire having a core and a shell, where at least a portion of the transforming occurs during the depositing, and the core includes the nanowire and the shell includes the second metal.
H01B 5/16 - Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive material in insulating or poorly conductive material, e.g. conductive rubber
C23C 18/16 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by reduction or substitution, i.e. electroless plating
C23C 18/40 - Coating with copper using reducing agents
84.
HIERARCHICAL CONTROL OF UTILITY-SCALE, INVERTER-BASED GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER
THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO, A BODY CORPORATE (USA)
ALLIANCE FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY, LLC (USA)
Inventor
Hodge, Bri-Mathias
Julien, Simon
Sajadi, Amirhossein
Abstract
The present disclosure relates generally to systems, methods, and apparatus for hierarchical control of utility-scale, inverter-based generation for mitigation of generation variability and responsive provisions of ancillary services. Such systems may include one or more processors, computer-readable media, and executable instructions which, if executed at the processors, configure the system to determine, at a first control layer, an inverter maximum power potential for a set of inverters, to determine, at the second control layer, an initial combined power output associated with the set of inverters and to determine a power support level and to transmit, from the second control layer to a third control layer, an indication of the power support level. The executable instructions may also configure the system to determine a first net power request, and to transmit, from the third control layer to the second control layer, an indication of the first net power request.
H02J 3/46 - Controlling the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
H02J 3/12 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
85.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DYE REMOVAL FROM POLYMER TEXTILES
The present disclosure relates to a method that includes a first contacting of a starting solid composition that includes a starting solid phase and a dye with a removal fluid resulting in a first mixture that includes the starting solid phase, the dye, and the removal fluid, where the removal fluid includes at least one of a cyclic compound, a glycol, an alcohol, and/or an acid.
Methods, compositions of matter and processes for a base-mediated chemical deconstruction of varying amine-cured epoxy resins into constituent monomer alcohol products and amine materials are disclosed herein.
C08J 11/24 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material by treatment with organic oxygen-containing compounds containing hydroxyl groups
C07C 37/52 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions decreasing the number of carbon atoms by splitting polyaromatic compounds, e.g. polyphenolalkanes
87.
GENETICALLY ENGINEERED BACTERIUM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF 3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE
A modular cold climate heat pump system which, in some embodiments includes a multi-segment heat exchanger. The modular cold climate heat pump system includes a heat pump module, a thermal energy storage module, and at least one end use module. Exemplary end uses include heating, ventilation, and air conditioning applications or domestic hot water heating. The thermal energy storage module may enable the heat pump module to continue operating even during temperatures below freezing.
A modular cold climate heat pump system which, in some embodiments includes a multi-segment heat exchanger. The modular cold climate heat pump system includes a heat pump module, a thermal energy storage module, and at least one end use module. Exemplary end uses include heating, ventilation, and air conditioning applications or domestic hot water heating. The thermal energy storage module may enable the heat pump module to continue operating even during temperatures below freezing.
Described herein are compositions and methods that utilize complementary polymerization reactions to simultaneously generate one or more polymeric materials, including crosslinked polymer matrices, tethered inter-penetrating network, heterogenous polymer blends, or homogeneous polymer blends. The provided compositions and methods utilize the combination of an energy demanding step-growth reaction with a highly exothermic reaction to drive the energy demanding reaction by chemical heating and avoid issues associated with thermal runaway, such as solution boiling or unwanted biproducts.
Among other things, the present disclosure relates to re-purposing used lithium-ion batteries. The present disclosure includes treating an electrode using a solvent prior to electrochemically relithiating the electrode. In some embodiments, the relithiation may be done using a roll-to-roll device, wherein the electrode may be secured on a first pin and a second pin, then it may be unwound and submerged in an electrolyte solution. Lithium ions may be inserted into the electrode using a voltage. The layer of lithium may provide lithium ions to the electrode.
H01M 4/86 - Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
H01M 10/0587 - Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
92.
ATMOSPHERIC PLASMA SYNTHESIS OF TRANSITION METAL OXIDE CATHODES
An atmospheric microplasma process is used to synthesize cathode particles in less than approximately one second. A hollow-tube reactor may be used to create cathode particles that are in the range of approximately 0.1 pm to approximately 3 pm in diameter, are at least partially crystalline, and show redox behavior expected of a transition metal oxide cathode material.
H01M 4/131 - Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
93.
ATMOSPHERIC PLASMA SYNTHESIS OF TRANSITION METAL OXIDE CATHODES
An atmospheric microplasma process is used to synthesize cathode particles in less than approximately one second. A hollow-tube reactor may be used to create cathode particles that are in the range of approximately 0.1 μm to approximately 3 μm in diameter, are at least partially crystalline, and show redox behavior expected of a transition metal oxide cathode material.
B01J 19/08 - Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiationApparatus therefor
B01J 19/10 - Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiationApparatus therefor employing sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
94.
CLOSTRIDIUM AUTOETHANOGENUM WITH ENHANCED GROWTH RATE
Disclosed herein are non-naturally occurring C. autoethanogenum adapted to electrolyzer off-gas feedstock conditions that possess increased growth rates when compared to naturally occurring naturally occurring C. autoethanogenum.
Described herein are systems and methods for the facile growth of aluminum gallium nitride semiconductor devices by utilizing specific lattice matched substrates. These substrates include metal borides, for example, ScB2, HfB2 and ZrB2 and metal carbides and metal nitrides. These substrates may allow for the cost effective manufacturing of ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor devices.
H01L 21/02 - Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
H01L 29/04 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure, e.g. polycrystalline, cubic or particular orientation of crystalline planes
96.
DYNAMIC HVPE OF COMPOSITIONALLY GRADED BUFFER LAYERS
Described herein are devices and methods related to compositionally graded buffers (CGB) and methods and/or systems for producing CGBs. CGBs enable the growth of high quality materials that are lattice mismatched to a substrate. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to methods for making CGBs by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE). HVPE methods using a single chamber for producing a CGB may result in a transience in the CGB layers as the flows supplying the reactants are switched to produce the next subsequent layer in the CGB. In contrast to this static style of grading, the present disclosure describes a dynamic method for producing CGBs, in which multiple growth chambers are utilized.
A process for preparing conversion-ready feedstock (CRF) is described. The process can be used to convert municipal solid waste (MSW) into CRF for the preparation of biochemicals, biofuels, biopower, and bioproducts. An exemplary process involves extruding MSW to provide a mechanically homogenized material that can be further processed prior to, during, or after extrusion (or another mechanical homogenization treatment) to provide the CRF. Also described are a system for preparing CRF from MSW and exemplary CRF made from converted MSW.
Disclosed herein are systems, methods and compositions of matter for engineered formate dehydrogenases electrocatalytically driven in reverse to fix CO2 to formate, an electrode interface composed of self-assembled monolayers (SAM), and a nanowire link between the electrode and the enzyme's iron sulfur (FeS) cluster (engineered) to specifically link the iron sulfur cluster to the electrode. Engineering the interface between the enzyme and the electrode enables a high degree of activity and function compared to just an enzyme immobilized on the electrode. This interface enables specific orientational control of the enzyme and allows for separation of the enzyme from the electrode surface to allow retention of its native hydrodynamic radius. The transfer of electrons via the nanowire to the FeS cluster allows the enzyme to utilize its native electron transfer pathways. Moreover, wiring the FeS cluster directly to the electrode avoids the kinetic bottleneck of a soluble mediator and thus allows the wired enzyme to function more efficiently.
C12Q 1/00 - Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganismsCompositions thereforProcesses of preparing such compositions
C25B 11/095 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one of the compounds being organic
99.
END-SUBSTITUTED (HETERO)ACENES WITH PAIRWISE COUPLING IN CRYSTALLINE FORM FOR PURE SPIN POLARIZATION AND OPTICAL READOUT
The present disclosure concerns crystalline pairs of triethylsilyl-ethynyl tetraceno[2,3-b]thiophene and derivatives thereof. The crystallized pairs generate and maintain a high degree of spin polarization that constitutes a qubit. In some aspects, end substitution of a heterocyclic ring with a silicon-based group enforces the necessary pairwise interaction, with larger intermolecular distances between pairs in the crystal that can then produce a parallel alignment of the magnetic axes of all molecules within the crystal unit cell. In addition, end substitution provide energy level alignment between a triplet pair and the emissive singlet state which then allows for low temperature emission from the triplet pair.
C07D 307/93 - Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with a ring other than six-membered
C07D 333/78 - Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with rings other than six-membered or with ring systems containing such rings
100.
IN SITU BIASING AND FREEZING OF CYROGENIC ELECTRON MICROSCOPY SAMPLES
Described herein are devices and methods for flash freezing samples while applying an in situ electrical current or bias. Advantageously, the present application is directed towards materials, such as batteries or electrochemical cells, where applying an electrical current or bias leads to dynamic changes to the structure and chemistry of constituent materials, which underpin device performance and degradation. By concurrently applying electrical current or bias and flash freezing the sample, transient structures in the anode, cathode, or electrolyte can be observed with a high degree of temporal resolution at an atomic scale.
