There is disclosed a method for producing a concentrated VRFB electrolyte composition. The method comprises the following steps: (a) mixing a vanadium, oxide, water and aqueous H2SO4 in sufficient quantities to produce a reaction mixture comprising a vanadium sulfate at a concentration at least 3.0 M and a total sulfate concentration of at least 2 times the concentration of the vanadium sulfate; (b) maintaining the reaction mixture at an initial temperature that substantially avoids precipition of reaction solids; (c) allowing the reaction mixture to reach ambient temperature: and (d) increasing the viscosity of the reaction mixture to produce the concentrated VRFB electrolyte composition. There is also disclosed a concentrated VRFB electrolyte composition. The concentrated VRFB electrolyte is believed to provide advantages include reduced shipping costs, logistics and on-site capital costs at the facility using the VRFBs.
244 in sufficient quantities to produce a reaction mixture comprising a vanadium sulfate at a concentration at least 3.0 M and a total sulfate concentration of at least 2 times the concentration of the vanadium sulfate; (b) maintaining the reaction mixture at an initial temperature that substantially avoids precipition of reaction solids; (c) allowing the reaction mixture to reach ambient temperature: and (d) increasing the viscosity of the reaction mixture to produce the concentrated VRFB electrolyte composition. There is also disclosed a concentrated VRFB electrolyte composition. The concentrated VRFB electrolyte is believed to provide advantages include reduced shipping costs, logistics and on-site capital costs at the facility using the VRFBs.
A system and method for measuring the state of charge (SOC), molarity and concentrations of active species and oxidation state of a flow battery, such as a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB). A reference electrolyte is circulated through a reference cell in conjunction with one or both charged electrolytes (in respective conduits). The electric potential of charged electrolyte relative to a reference electrolyte is measured. This measurement is directly convertible to SOC. An equation allowing for the calculation of the molarity, concentration of vanadium ions on both anolyte and catholyte sides of the flow battery and oxidation state is also taught. A flow battery may be controlled in response to such a determination, for example to manage oxidation state, or to charge or discharge a battery.
B60L 58/10 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
H01M 8/22 - Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elementsFuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
4.
Flowing electrolyte battery with electric potential neutralization
Flowing electrolyte batteries capable of being selectively neutralized chemically; processes of selectively neutralizing flowing electrolyte batteries chemically; and processes of selectively restoring the electrical potential of flowing electrolyte batteries are disclosed herein.
A modular flow battery includes a battery stack container housing a plurality of redox flow battery stacks in fluid communication with at least one pair of electrolyte containers including an anolyte container for holding an anolyte and a catholyte container for holding a catholyte. Additional pairs of electrolyte containers can be connected to the battery stack container to increase an amount of energy that can be stored by the modular flow battery system. Respective housings enclosing each of the battery stack container and the electrolyte containers are configured for operation in a stacked configuration. In this manner, the energy storage capacity of the modular flow battery system can be further increased with substantially no increase in a lateral area occupied by the system.
There is disclosed a method for producing a concentrated VRFB electrolyte composition. The method comprises the following steps: (a) mixing a vanadium, oxide, water and aqueous H2SO4 in sufficient quantities to produce a reaction mixture comprising a vanadium sulfate at a concentration at least 3.0 M and a total sulfate concentration of at least 2 times the concentration of the vanadium sulfate; (b) maintaining the reaction mixture at an initial temperature that substantially avoids precipition of reaction solids; (c) allowing the reaction mixture to reach ambient temperature: and (d) increasing the viscosity of the reaction mixture to produce the concentrated VRFB electrolyte composition. There is also disclosed a concentrated VRFB electrolyte composition. The concentrated VRFB electrolyte is believed to provide advantages include reduced shipping costs, logistics and on-site capital costs at the facility using the VRFBs.
Flowing electrolyte batteries capable of being selectively neutralized chemically; processes of selectively neutralizing flowing electrolyte batteries chemically; and processes of selectively restoring the electrical potential of flowing electrolyte batteries are disclosed herein.
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