Abstract

A hydrophobic admixture, for cementitious materials such as cement paste, mortar, and concrete, includes solid polymer particles with a coating of hydrophobic agent and surfactant. The solid polymer particles adhere to exterior surfaces of hydrated cement particles in the cement matrix. The solid polymer particles deliver the hydrophobic agent into the cement matrix which is hydrophilic. The hydrophobic agents are distributed uniformly throughout the cement matrix. The solid polymer particles can be crumb rubber particles derived from waste rubber tires, recycled plastics and similar solid materials. The hydrophobic liquid agent is derived from waste lubricant oil, spent motor oil, base oil, esters of fatty acids, vegetable oil and the like. Fine particles such as activated carbon, silica fume and spent catalyst can be employed to fill the large pores or cracks that develop in the cementitious matrix. The cured cementitious materials exhibit high contact angles and high compressive strengths.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09C 1/44 - Carbon
• C04B 14/02 - Granular materials
• C04B 18/04 - Waste materialsRefuse
• C04B 18/14 - Waste materialsRefuse from metallurgical processes
• C04B 18/22 - Rubber
• C04B 14/00 - Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stoneTreatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
• C04B 103/40 - Surface-active agents Dispersants
• C04B 103/00 - Function or property of the active ingredients
• C04B 111/27 - Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials

Abstract

A hydrophobic admixture, for cementitious materials such as cement paste, mortar, and concrete, includes solid polymer particles with a coating of hydrophobic agent and surfactant. The solid polymer particles adhere to exterior surfaces of hydrated cement particles in the cement matrix. The solid polymer particles deliver the hydrophobic agent into the cement matrix which is hydrophilic. The hydrophobic agents are distributed uniformly throughout the cement matrix. The solid polymer particles can be crumb rubber particles derived from waste rubber tires, recycled plastics and similar solid materials. The hydrophobic liquid agent is derived from waste lubricant oil, spent motor oil, base oil, esters of fatty acids, vegetable oil and the like. Fine particles such as activated carbon, silica fume and spent catalyst can be employed to fill the large pores or cracks that develop in the cementitious matrix. The cured cementitious materials exhibit high contact angles and high compressive strengths.

IPC Classes  ?

• C04B 40/00 - Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
• C04B 14/02 - Granular materials
• C04B 18/04 - Waste materialsRefuse
• C04B 18/14 - Waste materialsRefuse from metallurgical processes
• C04B 18/22 - Rubber
• C04B 7/00 - Hydraulic cements
• C04B 7/34 - Hydraulic lime cementsRoman cements
• C04B 28/00 - Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
• C04B 32/00 - Artificial stone not provided for in other groups of this subclass
• C04B 103/00 - Function or property of the active ingredients
• C04B 103/40 - Surface-active agents Dispersants
• C04B 111/27 - Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials

Abstract

A high capacity magnetic filter for separating magnetic and non-magnetic contaminants from contaminated liquid streams includes a housing having (i) an interior region between the inlet and outlet for a process stream, (ii) a plurality of vertically oriented, elongated non-magnetic holder sleeves positioned within the interior region (iii) paramagnetic metal packing material that is randomly distributed in the interior region to form a packed compartment that has a void volume which is above 95 percent, and (iv) a device to generate a magnetic field within the interior region. Generation of a uniform magnetic field within the packed compartment magnetizes the holder sleeves and matrix of packing materials. The holder sleeves and matrix create a large surface area for collecting the contaminants.

IPC Classes  ?

• B03C 1/032 - Matrix cleaning systems
• B03C 1/033 - Component partsAuxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit
• B03C 1/28 - Magnetic plugs and dipsticks

Abstract

A high capacity magnetic filter for separating magnetic and non-magnetic contaminants from contaminated liquid streams includes a housing having (i) an interior region between the inlet and outlet for a process stream, (ii) a plurality of vertically oriented, elongated non-magnetic holder sleeves positioned within the interior region (iii) paramagnetic metal packing material that is randomly distributed in the interior region to form a packed compartment that has a void volume which is above 95 percent, and (iv) a device to generate a magnetic field within the interior region. Generation of a uniform magnetic field within the packed compartment magnetizes the holder sleeves and matrix of packing materials. The holder sleeves and matrix create a large surface area for collecting the contaminants.

IPC Classes  ?

• B03C 1/032 - Matrix cleaning systems
• B03C 1/033 - Component partsAuxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit
• B03C 1/28 - Magnetic plugs and dipsticks

Abstract

A high capacity magnetic filter separates diamagnetic and/or paramagnetic substances from fluid streams. Diamagnetic solid substances are magnetized under an external magnetic field through coordinated interaction of diamagnetic solid substances with an inducement paramagnetic material (IPM). The magnetic filter serves as a separation zone created by the presence of IPM and magnets that are shielded from the IPM by non-magnetic sleeves or partitions. The IPM in the void volume between the magnets affords large surface area onto which diamagnetic and paramagnetic materials can contact and be attracted to. The relative position and distance of the magnetic source, such a magnetic bar or electromagnet, to the solid mixture of diamagnetic and IPM are adjusted to induce sufficiently strong magnetism in the diamagnetic solids which causes the diamagnetic solids to be attracted by the magnetic field as well. Both diamagnetic and paramagnetic substances can be removed from a liquid or gas.

IPC Classes  ?

• B03C 1/02 - Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
• B01D 35/06 - Filters making use of electricity or magnetism
• C02F 1/48 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields

Abstract

8 naphthenic compounds, from the EDC bottom stream to increase the purity of aromatic products, especially of the mixed xylenes and (ii) reduction (or better control) of benzene loss to the raffinate product stream to maintain its quality as a gasoline blend stock and, as a result, enhance benzene recovery in the aromatic products. Feedstock includes a full-range feedstock, such as pyrolysis gasoline, or a narrow-range feedstock, such as reformate.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 7/08 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds by extractive distillation
• B01D 3/40 - Extractive distillation
• B01D 3/14 - Fractional distillation
• B01D 11/04 - Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
• B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
• C07C 15/02 - Monocyclic hydrocarbons

Abstract

Partial oxidation of crumb rubber derived from environmental hazardous waste tires yields surface treated crumb rubber which are used as blending stocks for making rubberized concrete with substantially improved mechanical strength as compared to the conventional rubberized concrete. The chemically more active rubber surface becomes hydrophilic, so it interacts with the hydrophilic surface of surrounding cement matrix much stronger. The mechanically improved rubberized concrete is more versatile than conventional rubberized concrete.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08J 11/04 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers

Abstract

Catalytic partial oxidation using a metal oxide catalyst surface treats crumb rubber that is recovered from waste rubber tires. Advantages of using catalytically oxidized crumb rubber relative to using non-catalytically oxidized crumb rubber in making the rubberized concrete, includes superior mechanical strength and water-repealing capability, lower oxidation temperature and shorter oxidation time, and accelerated hydration times. Rubber oil (a gas condensate) co-produced from the crumb rubber partial oxidation process is equal to or better than the commercial superplasticizers. Industrial scale partial oxidation employs a continuous flow tubular reactor where a crumb rubber/catalyst mixture is fed into the reactor co-currently with an air/nitrogen mixture.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 63/02 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
• C08G 64/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule

Abstract

x—R) and serves as an excellent bonding agent to further enhance the bonding strength between the partially oxidized rubber particles and the cement mixes. The mechanically improved rubberized concrete is more versatile than conventional rubberized concrete.

IPC Classes  ?

• C04B 28/04 - Portland cements
• C08K 3/00 - Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients