Abstract

Data center assemblies include first and second arrays of information technology (IT) equipment cabinets defining a hot aisle. The data center assemblies also include an air containment assembly fluidly coupled to the hot aisle, at least one air-cooling unit fluidically coupled the air containment assembly, and/or at least one liquid-cooling system fluidically coupled to at least a portion of the IT equipment cabinets. The at least one fluid-cooling system includes a heat exchanger fluidically coupled to a cooling liquid loop and a fluid pump fluidly coupled to the heat exchanger and the at least a portion of the IT equipment cabinets. The air-cooling units and liquid-cooling systems may be designed to be interchangeable, allowing for seamless adaptation to changes in the number and types of IT equipment cabinets in a data center pod. The types of IT equipment cabinets may include air-cooled and liquid-cooled IT equipment cabinets.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

The cooling systems of the present disclosure include a first refrigerant circuit in thermal communication with a heat load and in fluid communication with a main condenser, a free cooling circuit in fluid communication with the main condenser and a free-cooled water source, a chilled water circuit in fluid communication with the main condenser and an evaporator, and a second refrigerant circuit in fluid communication with the evaporator and a secondary condenser. The free cooling circuit is in thermal communication with the first refrigerant circuit via the main condenser, the chilled water circuit is in thermal communication with the first refrigerant circuit via the main condenser, and the second refrigeration circuit is in thermal communication with the chilled water circuit and the free cooling circuit. The second refrigeration circuit cools a fluid flowing in the chilled water circuit. Methods of operating a cooling system are also disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups
• F25B 7/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
• F25B 49/02 - Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

Data center assemblies include first and second arrays (110a, 110b) of information technology (IT) equipment cabinets (115) defining a hot aisle 112). The data center assemblies also include an air containment assembly (125) fluidly coupled to the hot aisle (112), at least one air-cooling unit (122a-122c) fluidically coupled the air containment assembly (125), and/or at least one liquid-cooling system (222, 322, 922) fluidically coupled to at least a portion of the IT equipment cabinets (115). The at least one liquid-cooling system includes a heat exchanger (1102) fluidically coupled to a cooling liquid loop and a fluid pump (1104) fluidly coupled to the heat exchanger (1102) and the at least a portion of the IT equipment cabinets (115). The air-cooling units and liquid-cooling systems may be designed to be interchangeable, allowing for seamless adaptation to changes in the number and types of IT equipment cabinets in a data center pod. The types of IT equipment cabinets may include air-cooled and liquid-cooled IT equipment cabinets.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

A space-saving, high-density modular data pod system and an energy-efficient cooling system are disclosed. The modular data pod system includes a central free-cooling system and a plurality of modular data pods, each of which includes a heat exchange assembly coupled to the central free-cooling system, and a distributed mechanical cooling system coupled to the heat exchange assembly. The modular data pods include a data enclosure having at least five walls arranged in the shape of a polygon, a plurality of computer racks arranged in a circular or U-shaped pattern, and a cover to create hot and cold aisles, and an air circulator configured to continuously circulate air between the hot and cold aisles. Each modular data pod also includes an auxiliary enclosure containing a common fluid and electrical circuit section that is configured to connect to adjacent common fluid and electrical circuit sections to form a common fluid and electrical circuit that connects to the central free-cooling system. The auxiliary enclosure contains at least a portion of the distributed mechanical cooling system, which is configured to trim the cooling performed by the central free-cooling system.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• F25D 17/00 - Arrangements for circulating cooling fluidsArrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
• F28D 15/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls
• G06F 1/20 - Cooling means

Abstract

Systems and methods of this disclosure use low voltage energy storage devices to supply power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a data center load. The UPS includes a low voltage energy storage device (ultracapacitor/battery), a high frequency (HF) bidirectional DC-DC converter, and a multi-level (ML) inverter. The HF DC-DC converter uses a plurality of HF planar transformers, multiple H-bridge circuits, and gate drivers for driving IGBT devices to generate a medium DC voltage from the ultracapacitor/battery energy storage. The gate drivers are controlled by a zero voltage switching (ZVS) controller, which introduces a phase shift between the voltage on the primary and secondary sides of the transformers. When the primary side leads the secondary side, the ultracapacitor/battery discharges and causes the UPS to supply power to the data center, and when the secondary side leads the primary side, power flows from the grid back to the UPS, thereby recharging the ultracapacitor/battery.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 7/483 - Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltage levels
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• H02J 9/00 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion
• H02M 1/04 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of grid-control or igniter-control voltages for discharge tubes incorporated in static converters for tubes with grid control
• H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
• H02M 3/155 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
• H02M 7/487 - Neutral point clamped inverters
• H02M 7/527 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output waveform or frequency by pulse width modulation

Abstract

A cooling system includes a heat exchanger having one or more rows of multiple flat tubes, louvered fins disposed between pairs of flat tubes, and special header tube connections to form a counter flow heat exchanger. Heat exchangers having multiple rows may be placed near or close to the server racks and may be in fluid communication with an outdoor heat exchanger having one or more rows. A single-phase fluid is pumped through a fluid circuit or loop, which includes the heat exchangers at the server racks and the outdoor heat exchanger. The single-phase fluid circuit including the heat exchangers at the IT racks may alternatively be in thermal communication with a water circuit that includes an outdoor fluid cooler. The flat tubes can be formed tubes with one or more channels, or extruded tubes with multiple channels. The heat exchangers include header tubes/connections, which facilitate easy fabrication and connection between rows and inlet/outlet, and lower the pressure drop.

IPC Classes  ?

• F28D 7/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
• B23K 1/00 - Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
• B23P 15/26 - Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass heat exchangers
• F28D 1/047 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
• F28D 1/053 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
• F28F 1/02 - Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
• F28F 1/12 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
• F28F 9/013 - Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
• F28F 9/02 - Header boxesEnd plates
• F28F 21/08 - Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
• G06F 1/20 - Cooling means
• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

The cooling systems and methods of the present disclosure relate to cooling electronic equipment in data centers or any other applications that have high heat rejection temperature and high sensible heat ratio.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25D 17/02 - Arrangements for circulating cooling fluidsArrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
• F25B 1/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups

Abstract

Modular air cooling and distribution systems include a fan and heat exchanger cooling assembly and a controller which controls the fan speed based on temperature and velocity measurements. The cooling assembly includes a fluid-to-air heat exchanger and a variable speed fan. The fluid in the fluid-to-air heat exchanger may be propylene glycol or water. The heat exchanger minimizes pressure drop and maximizes heat transfer. The quantity of cooling assemblies is selected to match the indoor cooling requirements. The cooling assemblies are easily assembled together, stacked vertically, and/or connected horizontally, to match the cooling load. If additional cooling capacity is needed in the future, more cooling assemblies can easily be added, and the cooling assemblies may be expanded vertically and/or horizontally. The speed of the fans of the fan and heat exchanger assemblies are controlled based on fluid temperature and fluid velocity measurements, which may be obtained by an anemometer.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

Control systems for a multi-level diode-clamped inverter and corresponding methods include a processor and a digital logic circuit forming a hybrid controller. The processor identifies sector and region locations based on a sampled reference voltage vector V* and angle θe*. The processor then selects predefined switching sequences and pre-calculated turn-on time values based on the identified sector and region locations. The digital logic circuit generates PWM switching signals for driving power transistors of a multi-level diode-clamped inverter based on the turn-on time values and the selected switching sequences. The control system takes care of the existing capacitor voltage balancing issues of multi-level diode-clamped inverters while supplying both active and reactive power to an IT load. Using the control system, one can generate a symmetrical PWM signal that fully covers the linear under-modulation region.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 7/487 - Neutral point clamped inverters
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02M 1/084 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters using a control circuit common to several phases of a multi-phase system
• H02M 3/04 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
• H02M 7/483 - Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltage levels
• H02M 7/49 - Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
• H02M 7/5387 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration

Abstract

An air curtain containment system and assembly for data centers forms an air curtain over the server cabinets thereby separating hot air in a hot aisle from cool ambient air. The air curtain containment system includes ducts which include a hot air intake section that receives hot air discharged from servers, which are disposed in server cabinets. The ducts include heat exchangers for cooling the hot air and at least one air curtain discharge section. A housing is coupled to a wall of the ducts, and includes a cooling edge device fan. The cooling edge device fan is disposed along the ducts, and is configured to draw the hot air for cooling through the heat exchangers. An air curtain fan assembly is disposed along the ducts. The air curtain fan assembly expels cold air through the air curtain discharge section, and thereby forms an air curtain over the server cabinets.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24F 9/00 - Use of air currents for screening, e.g. air curtains
• F24F 13/02 - Ducting arrangements
• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

Systems and methods for supplying power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a load without using a transformer are disclosed. The UPS includes an energy storage device, a single stage DC-DC converter or a two-stage DC-DC converter, and a multi-level inverter, each of which are electrically coupled to a common negative bus. The DC-DC converter may include two stages in a unidirectional or bidirectional configuration. One stage of the DC-DC converter uses a flying capacitor topology. The voltages across the capacitors of the flying capacitor topology are balanced and switching losses are minimized by fixed duty cycle operation. The DC-DC converter generates a high DC voltage from a low or high voltage energy storage device such as batteries and/or ultra-capacitors. The multi-level, neutral point, diode-clamped inverter converts the high DC voltage into a medium AC voltage using a space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique. The UPS may also include a small filter to remove harmonics in the AC voltage output from the multi-level inverter.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02M 3/156 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators

Abstract

An air flow distribution system for cooling server racks includes at least one server rack partially defining a hot aisle and a cold aisle, a first air foil disposed above the server rack, and a second air foil disposed above the first air foil. The first air foil and the second air foil are configured to receive air from the hot aisle, and to form turbulent wake patterns in the cold aisle partially defined by the server rack. The air flow distribution system may include a convex ceiling member above the second air foil. A corresponding method includes causing air to be directed between a first air foil disposed above a server rack and a second air foil disposed above the first air foil to form turbulent wake patterns in the cold aisle. An electrical enclosure assembly includes a receptacle and a cover member configured as an air foil.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• F21V 33/00 - Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
• F21W 131/40 - Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use

Abstract

The cooling systems and methods of the present disclosure involve modular fluid coolers and chillers configured for optimal power and water use based on environmental conditions and client requirements. The fluid coolers include wet media, a first fluid circuit for distributing fluid across wet media, an air to fluid heat exchanger, and an air to refrigerant heat exchanger. The chillers, which are fluidly coupled to the fluid coolers via pipe cages, include a second fluid circuit in fluid communication with the air to fluid heat exchanger and a refrigerant circuit in thermal communication with the second fluid circuit and in fluid communication with the air to refrigerant heat exchanger. Pipe cages are coupled together to allow for expansion of the cooling system when additional cooling capacity is needed. The fluid coolers and chillers are configured to selectively operate in wet or dry free cooling mode, partial free cooling mode, or mechanical cooling mode.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24F 5/00 - Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by group or
• F24F 11/46 - Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
• F24F 11/83 - Control systems characterised by their outputsConstructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
• F24F 11/84 - Control systems characterised by their outputsConstructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
• F24F 11/85 - Control systems characterised by their outputsConstructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using variable-flow pumps
• F24F 13/22 - Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
• F24F 110/12 - Temperature of the outside air
• F24F 140/50 - Load
• F25B 23/00 - Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups , e.g. using selective radiation effect
• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups
• F28C 1/00 - Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers

Abstract

Electrical systems for providing uninterruptible power to a critical load. One electrical system includes a ring bus, multiple power blocks including one or more generators electrically coupled to the ring bus, and uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs) electrically coupled to the ring bus. In some aspects, the electrical system includes a UPS switchgear electrically coupled between the ring bus and the UPSs. In other aspects, the UPSs are electrically coupled together in parallel. Another electrical system includes a utility switchgear, UPS blocks electrically coupled together in parallel and electrically coupled to the utility switchgear via transformers, low voltage (LV) power blocks electrically coupled to the UPS blocks, and medium voltage (MV) switchgear electrically coupled to the UPS blocks via transformers. Each of the LV power blocks include one or more generators.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 9/08 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over requiring starting of a prime-mover
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over

Abstract

A power supply system includes an energy storage device electrically connected to a power grid, a power distribution assembly electrically connected to a load, and a power generation device electrically connected to the power distribution assembly. The energy storage device and the power grid are configured to supply electric power having a first voltage range to the power distribution assembly, which in turn, is configured to supply electric power having a second voltage range less than the first voltage range to the load. The energy storage device and the power generation device each are configured to at least temporarily supply a flow of electric power to the power distribution assembly when electric power from the power grid is interrupted such that a substantially uninterrupted flow of electric power is supplied to the load.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers

Abstract

An air flow distribution system for cooling server racks includes at least one server rack partially defining a hot aisle and a cold aisle, a first air foil disposed above the server rack, and a second air foil disposed above the first air foil. The first air foil and the second air foil are configured to receive air from the hot aisle, and to form turbulent wake patterns in the cold aisle partially defined by the server rack. The air flow distribution system may include a convex ceiling member above the second air foil. A corresponding method includes causing air to be directed between a first air foil disposed above a server rack and a second air foil disposed above the first air foil to form turbulent wake patterns in the cold aisle. An electrical enclosure assembly includes a receptacle and a cover member configured as an air foil.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• F21V 33/00 - Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
• F21W 131/40 - Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use

Abstract

A cooling assembly for cooling server racks includes a server rack enclosure sub-assembly that includes at least one panel member defining a volume for receiving one or more server racks having a front portion and a rear portion, at least one of the panel members is a rear panel member; at least one frame member defines an opening for receiving the rear portion of the server racks to form a hot space between the rear panel member and the combination of the frame member and the rear portion of the server racks; a cooling sub-assembly disposed in thermal communication with the hot space to cool at least one server supported in the server rack and including a chassis receiving at least one heat exchange member for exchanging heat between a refrigerant fluid flowing through the heat exchange member and fluid flowing through the hot space heated by the server.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• H05K 5/02 - Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus Details

Abstract

Systems and methods for supplying power (both active and reactive) at a medium voltage from a DCSTATCOM to an IT load without using a transformer are disclosed. The DCSTATCOM includes an energy storage device, a two-stage DC-DC converter, and a multi-level inverter, each of which are electrically coupled to a common negative bus. The DC-DC converter may include two stages in a bidirectional configuration. One stage of the DC-DC converter uses a flying capacitor topology. The voltages across the capacitors of the flying capacitor topology are balanced and switching losses are minimized by fixed duty cycle operation. The DC-DC converter generates a high DC voltage from a low or high voltage energy storage device such as batteries and/or ultra-capacitors. The multi-level, neutral point, diode-clamped inverter converts the high DC voltage into a medium AC voltage using a space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 3/32 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
• H02J 3/18 - Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
• H02J 7/34 - Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion
• H02M 7/483 - Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltage levels

Abstract

The cooling systems of the present disclosure include a first refrigerant circuit in thermal communication with a heat load and in fluid communication with a main condenser, a free cooling circuit in fluid communication with the main condenser and a free-cooled water source, a chilled water circuit in fluid communication with the main condenser and an evaporator, and a second refrigerant circuit in fluid communication with the evaporator and a secondary condenser. The free cooling circuit is in thermal communication with the first refrigerant circuit via the main condenser, the chilled water circuit is in thermal communication with the first refrigerant circuit via the main condenser, and the second refrigeration circuit is in thermal communication with the chilled water circuit and the free cooling circuit. The second refrigeration circuit cools a fluid flowing in the chilled water circuit. Methods of operating a cooling system are also disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups
• F25B 7/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
• F25B 49/02 - Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Goods & Services

Repair and maintenance of cooling systems for modular data centers; repair and maintenance of cooling systems for buildings Custom manufacture of cooling systems for modular data centers; custom manufacture of cooling systems for buildings Product research and development and consultation related thereto in the field of cooling systems for modular data centers; product research and development and consultation related thereto in the field of cooling systems for buildings

Abstract

The cooling systems and methods of the present disclosure involve modular fluid coolers and chillers configured for optimal power and water use based on environmental conditions and client requirements. The fluid coolers include wet media, a first fluid circuit for distributing fluid across wet media, an air to fluid heat exchanger, and an air to refrigerant heat exchanger. The chillers, which are fluidly coupled to the fluid coolers via pipe cages, include a second fluid circuit in fluid communication with the air to fluid heat exchanger and a refrigerant circuit in thermal communication with the second fluid circuit and in fluid communication with the air to refrigerant heat exchanger. Pipe cages are coupled together to allow for expansion of the cooling system when additional cooling capacity is needed. The fluid coolers and chillers are configured to selectively operate in wet or dry free cooling mode, partial free cooling mode, or mechanical cooling mode.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24F 5/00 - Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by group or
• F24F 11/83 - Control systems characterised by their outputsConstructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups
• F25B 23/00 - Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups , e.g. using selective radiation effect
• F24F 11/84 - Control systems characterised by their outputsConstructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
• F24F 11/85 - Control systems characterised by their outputsConstructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using variable-flow pumps
• F24F 110/12 - Temperature of the outside air
• F24F 140/50 - Load
• F24F 11/46 - Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
• F24F 13/22 - Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
• F28C 1/00 - Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers

Abstract

Systems and methods for supplying power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a load without using a transformer are disclosed. The UPS includes an energy storage device, a single stage DC-DC converter or a two-stage DC-DC converter, and a multi-level inverter, each of which are electrically coupled to a common negative bus. The DC-DC converter may include two stages in a unidirectional or bidirectional configuration. One stage of the DC-DC converter uses a flying capacitor topology. The voltages across the capacitors of the flying capacitor topology are balanced and switching losses are minimized by fixed duty cycle operation. The DC-DC converter generates a high DC voltage from a low or high voltage energy storage device such as batteries and/or ultra-capacitors. The multi-level, neutral point, diode-clamped inverter converts the high DC voltage into a medium AC voltage using a space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique. The UPS may also include a small filter to remove harmonics in the AC voltage output from the multi-level inverter.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 9/00 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02M 3/156 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators

Abstract

Systems and methods of this disclosure use low voltage energy storage devices to supply power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a data center load. The UPS includes a low voltage energy storage device (ultracapacitor/battery), a high frequency (HF) bidirectional DC-DC converter, and a multi-level (ML) inverter. The HF DC-DC converter uses a plurality of HF planar transformers, multiple H-bridge circuits, and gate drivers for driving IGBT devices to generate a medium DC voltage from the ultracapacitor/battery energy storage. The gate drivers are controlled by a zero voltage switching (ZVS) controller, which introduces a phase shift between the voltage on the primary and secondary sides of the transformers. When the primary side leads the secondary side, the ultracapacitor/battery discharges and causes the UPS to supply power to the data center, and when the secondary side leads the primary side, power flows from the grid back to the UPS, thereby recharging the ultracapacitor/battery.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• H02J 9/00 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02M 1/04 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of grid-control or igniter-control voltages for discharge tubes incorporated in static converters for tubes with grid control
• H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
• H02M 3/155 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
• H02M 7/483 - Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltage levels
• H02M 7/487 - Neutral point clamped inverters
• H02M 7/527 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output waveform or frequency by pulse width modulation
• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion

Abstract

A cooling system includes a heat exchanger having one or more rows of multiple flat tubes, louvered fins disposed between pairs of flat tubes, and special header tube connections to form a counter flow heat exchanger. Heat exchangers having multiple rows may be placed near or close to the server racks and may be in fluid communication with an outdoor heat exchanger having one or more rows. A single-phase fluid is pumped through a fluid circuit or loop, which includes the heat exchangers at the server racks and the outdoor heat exchanger. The single-phase fluid circuit including the heat exchangers at the IT racks may alternatively be in thermal communication with a water circuit that includes an outdoor fluid cooler. The flat tubes can be formed tubes with one or more channels, or extruded tubes with multiple channels. The heat exchangers include header tubes/connections, which facilitate easy fabrication and connection between rows and inlet/outlet, and lower the pressure drop.

IPC Classes  ?

• F28D 7/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
• B23K 1/00 - Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
• B23P 15/26 - Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass heat exchangers
• F28D 1/047 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
• F28D 1/053 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
• F28F 1/02 - Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
• F28F 1/12 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
• F28F 9/013 - Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
• F28F 9/02 - Header boxesEnd plates
• F28F 21/08 - Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
• G06F 1/20 - Cooling means
• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

Electrical systems for providing uninterruptible power to a critical load. One electrical system includes a ring bus, multiple power blocks including one or more generators electrically coupled to the ring bus, and uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs) electrically coupled to the ring bus. In some aspects, the electrical system includes a UPS switchgear electrically coupled between the ring bus and the UPSs. In other aspects, the UPSs are electrically coupled together in parallel. Another electrical system includes a utility switchgear, UPS blocks electrically coupled together in parallel and electrically coupled to the utility switchgear via transformers, low voltage (LV) power blocks electrically coupled to the UPS blocks, and medium voltage (MV) switchgear electrically coupled to the UPS blocks via transformers. Each of the LV power blocks include one or more generators.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 9/08 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over requiring starting of a prime-mover
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over

Abstract

The cooling systems and methods of the present disclosure relate to cooling electronic equipment in data centers or any other applications that have high heat rejection temperature and high sensible heat ratio.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25D 17/02 - Arrangements for circulating cooling fluidsArrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
• F25B 1/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups

Abstract

An air curtain containment system and assembly for data centers forms an air curtain over the server cabinets thereby separating hot air in a hot aisle from cool ambient air. The air curtain containment system includes ducts which include a hot air intake section that receives hot air discharged from servers, which are disposed in server cabinets. The ducts include heat exchangers for cooling the hot air and at least one air curtain discharge section. A housing is coupled to a wall of the ducts, and includes a cooling edge device fan. The cooling edge device fan is disposed along the ducts, and is configured to draw the hot air for cooling through the heat exchangers. An air curtain fan assembly is disposed along the ducts. The air curtain fan assembly expels cold air through the air curtain discharge section, and thereby forms an air curtain over the server cabinets.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24F 9/00 - Use of air currents for screening, e.g. air curtains
• F24F 13/02 - Ducting arrangements
• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

A power supply system includes an energy storage device electrically connected to a power grid, a power distribution assembly electrically connected to a load, and a power generation device electrically connected to the power distribution assembly. The energy storage device and the power grid are configured to supply electric power having a first voltage range to the power distribution assembly, which in turn, is configured to supply electric power having a second voltage range less than the first voltage range to the load. The energy storage device and the power generation device each are configured to at least temporarily supply a flow of electric power to the power distribution assembly when electric power from the power grid is interrupted such that a substantially uninterrupted flow of electric power is supplied to the load.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers

Abstract

Systems and methods of the present disclosure involve passive, hybrid, and active filtering configurations to mitigate current harmonics for various electrical loads. One hybrid filtering configuration is medium voltage (MV) active filtering using a DC-DC converter and a multi-level inverter, and low voltage (LV) passive filtering. Another hybrid filtering configuration is MV passive filtering and LV active filtering using a two-level inverter. An active filtering configuration includes both MV and LV active filtering. The present disclosure also features power distribution unit (PDU) transformers electrically coupled to respective power supplies on the LV side of an electrical system. Each PDU transformer includes primary coils in a delta configuration and secondary coils in a wye configuration. The secondary coils are in series with respective leakage inductance coils. The secondary coils and the leakage inductance coils are integrated together into a single unit or module.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/12 - Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output
• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• H02J 3/18 - Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
• H02J 3/32 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
• H02M 7/487 - Neutral point clamped inverters
• H02J 3/01 - Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples

Abstract

Systems and methods for supplying power (both active and reactive) at a medium voltage from a DCSTATCOM to an IT load without using a transformer are disclosed. The DCSTATCOM includes an energy storage device, a two-stage DC-DC converter, and a multi-level inverter, each of which are electrically coupled to a common negative bus. The DC-DC converter may include two stages in a bidirectional configuration. One stage of the DC-DC converter uses a flying capacitor topology. The voltages across the capacitors of the flying capacitor topology are balanced and switching losses are minimized by fixed duty cycle operation. The DC-DC converter generates a high DC voltage from a low or high voltage energy storage device such as batteries and/or ultra-capacitors. The multi-level, neutral point, diode-clamped inverter converts the high DC voltage into a medium AC voltage using a space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 3/32 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
• H02J 3/18 - Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
• H02M 7/483 - Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltage levels
• H02J 7/34 - Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion

Abstract

Systems and methods for supplying power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a load without using a transformer are disclosed. The UPS includes an energy storage device, a single stage DC-DC converter or a two-stage DC-DC converter, and a multi-level inverter, each of which are electrically coupled to a common negative bus. The DC-DC converter may include two stages in a unidirectional or bidirectional configuration. One stage of the DC-DC converter uses a flying capacitor topology. The voltages across the capacitors of the flying capacitor topology are balanced and switching losses are minimized by fixed duty cycle operation. The DC-DC converter generates a high DC voltage from a low or high voltage energy storage device such as batteries and/or ultra-capacitors. The multi-level, neutral point, diode-clamped inverter converts the high DC voltage into a medium AC voltage using a space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique. The UPS may also include a small filter to remove harmonics in the AC voltage output from the multi-level inverter.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 3/34 - Arrangements for transfer of electric power between networks of substantially different frequency
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02M 3/156 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators

Abstract

e*. The processor then selects predefined switching sequences and pre-calculated turn-on time values based on the identified sector and region locations. The digital logic circuit generates PWM switching signals for driving power transistors of a multi-level diode-clamped inverter based on the turn-on time values and the selected switching sequences. The control system takes care of the existing capacitor voltage balancing issues of multi-level diode-clamped inverters while supplying both active and reactive power to an IT load. Using the control system, one can generate a symmetrical PWM signal that fully covers the linear under-modulation region.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 7/487 - Neutral point clamped inverters
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02M 3/04 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
• H02M 7/5387 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
• H02M 1/084 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters using a control circuit common to several phases of a multi-phase system
• H02M 7/483 - Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltage levels
• H02M 7/49 - Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters

Abstract

An air flow distribution system for cooling server racks includes at least one server rack partially defining a hot aisle and a cold aisle, a first air foil disposed above the server rack, and a second air foil disposed above the first air foil. The first air foil and the second air foil are configured to receive air from the hot aisle, and to form turbulent wake patterns in the cold aisle partially defined by the server rack. The air flow distribution system may include a convex ceiling member above the second air foil. A corresponding method includes causing air to be directed between a first air foil disposed above a server rack and a second air foil disposed above the first air foil to form turbulent wake patterns in the cold aisle. An electrical enclosure assembly includes a receptacle and a cover member configured as an air foil.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• F21V 33/00 - Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
• F21W 131/40 - Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use

Abstract

The cooling systems of the present disclosure include a first refrigerant circuit in thermal communication with a heat load and in fluid communication with a main condenser, a free cooling circuit in fluid communication with the main condenser and a free-cooled water source, a chilled water circuit in fluid communication with the main condenser and an evaporator, and a second refrigerant circuit in fluid communication with the evaporator and a secondary condenser. The free cooling circuit is in thermal communication with the first refrigerant circuit via the main condenser, the chilled water circuit is in thermal communication with the first refrigerant circuit via the main condenser, and the second refrigeration circuit is in thermal communication with the chilled water circuit and the free cooling circuit. The second refrigeration circuit cools a fluid flowing in the chilled water circuit. Methods of operating a cooling system are also disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups
• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• F25B 7/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
• F25B 49/02 - Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems

Abstract

Systems and methods of this disclosure use low voltage energy storage devices to supply power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a data center load. The UPS includes a low voltage energy storage device (ultracapacitor/battery), a high frequency (HF) bidirectional DC-DC converter, and a multi-level (ML) inverter. The HF DC-DC converter uses a plurality of HF planar transformers, multiple H-bridge circuits, and gate drivers for driving IGBT devices to generate a medium DC voltage from the ultracapacitor/battery energy storage. The gate drivers are controlled by a zero voltage switching (ZVS) controller, which introduces a phase shift between the voltage on the primary and secondary sides of the transformers. When the primary side leads the secondary side, the ultracapacitor/battery discharges and causes the UPS to supply power to the data center, and when the secondary side leads the primary side, power flows from the grid back to the UPS, thereby recharging the ultracapacitor/battery.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• H02M 3/155 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
• H02M 7/527 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output waveform or frequency by pulse width modulation
• H02M 1/04 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of grid-control or igniter-control voltages for discharge tubes incorporated in static converters for tubes with grid control
• H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
• H02J 9/00 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
• H02M 7/487 - Neutral point clamped inverters
• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion

Abstract

Electrical systems for providing uninterruptible power to a critical load. One electrical system includes a ring bus, multiple power blocks including one or more generators electrically coupled to the ring bus, and uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs) electrically coupled to the ring bus. In some aspects, the electrical system includes a UPS switchgear electrically coupled between the ring bus and the UPSs. In other aspects, the UPSs are electrically coupled together in parallel. Another electrical system includes a utility switchgear, UPS blocks electrically coupled together in parallel and electrically coupled to the utility switchgear via transformers, low voltage (LV) power blocks electrically coupled to the UPS blocks, and medium voltage (MV) switchgear electrically coupled to the UPS blocks via transformers. Each of the LV power blocks include one or more generators.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 9/08 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over requiring starting of a prime-mover
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over

Abstract

Modular air cooling and distribution systems include a fan and heat exchanger cooling assembly and a controller which controls the fan speed based on temperature and velocity measurements. The cooling assembly includes a fluid-to-air heat exchanger and a variable speed fan. The fluid in the fluid-to-air heat exchanger may be propylene glycol or water. The heat exchanger minimizes pressure drop and maximizes heat transfer. The quantity of cooling assemblies is selected to match the indoor cooling requirements. The cooling assemblies are easily assembled together, stacked vertically, and/or connected horizontally, to match the cooling load. If additional cooling capacity is needed in the future, more cooling assemblies can easily be added, and the cooling assemblies may be expanded vertically and/or horizontally. The speed of the fans of the fan and heat exchanger assemblies are controlled based on fluid temperature and fluid velocity measurements, which may be obtained by an anemometer.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

The cooling systems and methods of the present disclosure involve modular fluid coolers and chillers configured for optimal power and water use based on environmental conditions and client requirements. The fluid coolers include wet media, a first fluid circuit for distributing fluid across wet media, an air to fluid heat exchanger, and an air to refrigerant heat exchanger. The chillers, which are fluidly coupled to the fluid coolers via pipe cages, include a second fluid circuit in fluid communication with the air to fluid heat exchanger and a refrigerant circuit in thermal communication with the second fluid circuit and in fluid communication with the air to refrigerant heat exchanger. Pipe cages are coupled together to allow for expansion of the cooling system when additional cooling capacity is needed. The fluid coolers and chillers are configured to selectively operate in wet or dry free cooling mode, partial free cooling mode, or mechanical cooling mode.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24F 5/00 - Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by group or
• F24F 11/83 - Control systems characterised by their outputsConstructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups
• F25B 23/00 - Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups , e.g. using selective radiation effect
• F24F 110/12 - Temperature of the outside air
• F24F 140/50 - Load
• F24F 11/46 - Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
• F24F 13/22 - Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
• F28C 1/00 - Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers

Abstract

A cooling assembly for cooling server racks includes a server rack enclosure sub-assembly that includes at least one panel member defining a volume for receiving one or more server racks having a front portion and a rear portion, at least one of the panel members is a rear panel member; at least one frame member defines an opening for receiving the rear portion of the server racks to form a hot space between the rear panel member and the combination of the frame member and the rear portion of the server racks; a cooling sub-assembly disposed in thermal communication with the hot space to cool at least one server supported in the server rack and including a chassis receiving at least one heat exchange member for exchanging heat between a refrigerant fluid flowing through the heat exchange member and fluid flowing through the hot space heated by the server.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• H05K 5/02 - Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus Details

Abstract

e*. The processor then selects predefined switching sequences and pre-calculated turn-on time values based on the identified sector and region locations. The digital logic circuit generates PWM switching signals for driving power transistors of a multi-level diode-clamped inverter based on the turn-on time values and the selected switching sequences. The control system takes care of the existing capacitor voltage balancing issues of multi-level diode-clamped inverters while supplying both active and reactive power to an IT load. Using the control system, one can generate a symmetrical PWM signal that fully covers the linear under-modulation region.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 7/487 - Neutral point clamped inverters
• H02M 1/084 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters using a control circuit common to several phases of a multi-phase system
• H02M 7/49 - Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
• H02M 7/5387 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02M 3/04 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
• H02M 7/483 - Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltage levels

Abstract

A power supply system includes an energy storage device electrically connected to a power grid, a power distribution assembly electrically connected to a load, and a power generation device electrically connected to the power distribution assembly. The energy storage device and the power grid are configured to supply electric power having a first voltage range to the power distribution assembly, which in turn, is configured to supply electric power having a second voltage range less than the first voltage range to the load. The energy storage device and the power generation device each are configured to at least temporarily supply a flow of electric power to the power distribution assembly when electric power from the power grid is interrupted such that a substantially uninterrupted flow of electric power is supplied to the load.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers

Abstract

Systems and methods for supplying power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a load without using a transformer are disclosed. The UPS includes an energy storage device, a single stage DC-DC converter or a two-stage DC-DC converter, and a multi-level inverter, each of which are electrically coupled to a common negative bus. The DC-DC converter may include two stages in a unidirectional or bidirectional configuration. One stage of the DC-DC converter uses a flying capacitor topology. The voltages across the capacitors of the flying capacitor topology are balanced and switching losses are minimized by fixed duty cycle operation. The DC-DC converter generates a high DC voltage from a low or high voltage energy storage device such as batteries and/or ultra-capacitors. The multi-level, neutral point, diode-clamped inverter converts the high DC voltage into a medium AC voltage using a space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique. The UPS may also include a small filter to remove harmonics in the AC voltage output from the multi-level inverter.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 7/00 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power outputConversion of DC power input into AC power output
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02M 3/156 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators

Goods & Services

Communications via fiber-optic networks; leasing of telecommunication equipment; leasing of telecommunications lines; computer network access services by means of a metro Ethernet; telecommunication services, namely, providing access to telecommunication networks, providing internet access, providing fiber optic network services; Internet access provider services; telecommunication services, namely, providing network access via fiber optic networks; providing co-location services for data, voice, video, networking, and storage applications and equipment; telecommunication services, namely, transmission of voice, data and documents by means of telephone, telegraphic, cable, fiber-optics and satellite transmissions; providing third party users with access to telecommunication and data infrastructure; telecommunications services, namely, relating to telecommunications and data connectivity services; providing access to telecommunication and data networks; providing private and secure real time electronic communication over a computer network; providing local area network services; and providing virtual local area network services

Goods & Services

Data centers, namely, computer servers; data center platforms, namely, downloadable computer software for controlling and managing access server applications; cooling distribution systems comprised of temperature sensors, anemometers, condensers, electric compressors, heat exchangers not being parts of machines, pipes, automatic valves, hot water tanks, flow meters, pressure gauges, and electric sensors; electrical power supply systems for data centers; and battery systems to provide backup power to data centers Air conditioning, air cooling and ventilation apparatus and instruments for use with data center operations; ventilating exhaust fans and air cooling apparatus for reduced energy and water consumption; cooling systems for computer server racks comprising electric fans, heat exchangers not being parts of machines, and coils as parts of heating or cooling installations, all within an enclosure; air cooling apparatus to cool devices that generate heat Computer installation and repair in the field of data centers, data center platforms and operations, and cooling distribution systems; installation, maintenance and repair of computer servers in the field of data centers, data center platforms and operations, and cooling distribution systems; installation repair, and maintenance of cooling systems for data centers; and installation repair, and maintenance of electrical power supply systems for data centers Research and development in the field of data centers, data center platforms and operations and cooling distribution systems for data centers Custom manufacture of computer servers for others in the field of data centers, data center platforms and operations, and cooling distribution systems; custom manufacture of cooling distribution systems for data centers

Abstract

An efficient, modular, direct current (DC) uninterruptible power supply (UPS) for at least one server of a data center is disclosed. The single-conversion DC UPS includes an AC-DC converter, an energy storage device electrically coupled to the output of the AC-DC converter, and a single conversion server supply DC-DC converter electrically coupled to the AC-DC converter and the energy storage device, which may be a low-voltage lithium-ion battery or combined with an ultra capacitor. The DC UPS may be incorporated into a UPS system for a data center including a plurality of server rack assemblies and a plurality of cooling distribution units (CDUs). The UPS system includes an electric generator, an AC UPS electrically coupled between the electric generator and the plurality of CDUs, and a plurality of DC UPSs coupled between the electric generator and the plurality of server rack assemblies.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 1/10 - Parallel operation of dc sources
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02J 9/04 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
• G06F 1/30 - Means for acting in the event of power-supply failure or interruption, e.g. power-supply fluctuations

Goods & Services

Data centers, namely, computer servers; data center platforms, namely, downloadable computer software for controlling and managing access server applications; cooling distribution systems comprised of temperature sensors, anemometers, condensers, electric compressors, heat exchangers not being parts of machines, pipes, automatic valves, hot water tanks, flow meters, pressure gauges, and electric sensors; electrical power supply systems for data centers; and battery systems to provide backup power to data centers Air conditioning, air cooling and ventilation apparatus and instruments for use with data center operations; ventilating exhaust fans and air cooling apparatus for reduced energy and water consumption; cooling systems for computer server racks comprising electric fans, heat exchangers not being parts of machines, and coils as parts of heating or cooling installations, all within an enclosure; air cooling apparatus to cool devices that generate heat Computer installation and repair in the field of data centers, data center platforms and operations, and cooling distribution systems; installation, maintenance and repair of computer servers in the field of data centers, data center platforms and operations, and cooling distribution systems; installation repair, and maintenance of cooling systems for data centers; and installation repair, and maintenance of electrical power supply systems for data centers Custom manufacture of computer servers for others in the field of data centers, data center platforms and operations, and cooling distribution systems; custom manufacture of cooling distribution systems for data centers Research and development in the field of data centers, data center platforms and operations, and cooling distribution systems for data centers

Abstract

Modular air cooling and distribution systems include a fan and heat exchanger cooling assembly and a controller which controls the fan speed based on temperature and velocity measurements. The cooling assembly includes a fluid-to-air heat exchanger and a variable speed fan. The fluid in the fluid-to-air heat exchanger may be propylene glycol or water. The heat exchanger minimizes pressure drop and maximizes heat transfer. The quantity of cooling assemblies is selected to match the indoor cooling requirements. The cooling assemblies are easily assembled together, stacked vertically, and/or connected horizontally, to match the cooling load. If additional cooling capacity is needed in the future, more cooling assemblies can easily be added, and the cooling assemblies may be expanded vertically and/or horizontally. The speed of the fans of the fan and heat exchanger assemblies are controlled based on fluid temperature and fluid velocity measurements, which may be obtained by an anemometer.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Goods & Services

Air conditioning apparatus, namely, air cooling units for reduced energy and water consumption for commercial use; air handling units, namely, air conditioning units for use inside data centers for cooling computer equipment; cooling systems for server racks consisting of heat exchangers, refrigerant coils, heat coils, water coils, and/or piping within an enclosure and a subassembly; evaporative air coolers for reduced energy and water consumption. Modular air handling unit for use inside data centers for cooling electronic equipment Custom manufacture of cooling systems for data centers; custom manufacture of cooling systems for buildings

Goods & Services

Air conditioning apparatus, namely, air cooling units for reduced energy and water consumption for commercial use; air handling units, namely, air conditioning units for use inside data centers for cooling computer equipment; cooling systems for server racks consisting of heat exchangers, refrigerant coils, heat coils, water coils, and/or piping within an enclosure and a subassembly; evaporative air coolers for reduced energy and water consumption. Modular air handling unit for use inside data centers for cooling electronic equipment Custom manufacture of cooling systems for data centers; custom manufacture of cooling systems for buildings

Abstract

e*. The processor then selects predefined switching sequences and pre-calculated turn-on time values based on the identified sector and region locations. The digital logic circuit generates PWM switching signals for driving power transistors of a multi-level diode-clamped inverter based on the turn-on time values and the selected switching sequences. The control system takes care of the existing capacitor voltage balancing issues of multi-level diode-clamped inverters while supplying both active and reactive power to an IT load. Using the control system, one can generate a symmetrical PWM signal that fully covers the linear under-modulation region.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 7/487 - Neutral point clamped inverters
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02M 3/04 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
• H02M 1/084 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters using a control circuit common to several phases of a multi-phase system
• H02M 7/49 - Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
• H02M 7/5387 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration

Abstract

Cooling systems and methods use first and second evaporators and first and second liquid refrigerant distribution units to increase the efficiency of the cooling systems and methods. The first evaporator is in thermal communication with an air intake flow to a heat load, and the first liquid refrigerant distribution unit is in thermal communication with the first evaporator. The second evaporator is disposed in series with the first evaporator in the air intake flow and is in thermal communication with the air intake flow, and the second liquid refrigerant distribution unit is in thermal communication with the second evaporator. A trim compression cycle of the second liquid refrigerant distribution unit is configured to further cool the air intake flow through the second evaporator when the temperature of the first fluid flowing out of a main compressor of the second liquid refrigerant distribution unit exceeds a predetermined threshold temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 5/04 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in series
• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups
• F25B 41/00 - Fluid-circulation arrangements
• F25B 6/02 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in parallel
• F25B 7/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
• F25B 49/02 - Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
• F25B 23/00 - Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups , e.g. using selective radiation effect

Abstract

Systems and methods of this disclosure use low voltage energy storage devices to supply power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a data center load. The UPS includes a low voltage energy storage device (ultracapacitor/battery), a high frequency (HF) bidirectional DC-DC converter, and a multi-level (ML) inverter. The HF DC-DC converter uses a plurality of HF planar transformers, multiple H-bridge circuits, and gate drivers for driving IGBT devices to generate a medium DC voltage from the ultracapacitor/battery energy storage. The gate drivers are controlled by a zero voltage switching (ZVS) controller, which introduces a phase shift between the voltage on the primary and secondary sides of the transformers. When the primary side leads the secondary side, the ultracapacitor/battery discharges and causes the UPS to supply power to the data center, and when the secondary side leads the primary side, power flows from the grid back to the UPS, thereby recharging the ultracapacitor/battery.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/155 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• H02M 7/527 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output waveform or frequency by pulse width modulation
• H02M 1/04 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of grid-control or igniter-control voltages for discharge tubes incorporated in static converters for tubes with grid control
• H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
• H02J 9/00 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
• H02M 7/487 - Neutral point clamped inverters
• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion

Abstract

A cooling system includes a heat exchanger having one or more rows of multiple flat tubes, louvered fins disposed between pairs of flat tubes, and special header tube connections to form a counter flow heat exchanger. Heat exchangers having multiple rows may be placed near or close to the server racks and may be in fluid communication with an outdoor heat exchanger having one or more rows. A single-phase fluid is pumped through a fluid circuit or loop, which includes the heat exchangers at the server racks and the outdoor heat exchanger. The single-phase fluid circuit including the heat exchangers at the IT racks may alternatively be in thermal communication with a water circuit that includes an outdoor fluid cooler. The flat tubes can be formed tubes with one or more channels, or extruded tubes with multiple channels. The heat exchangers include header tubes/connections, which facilitate easy fabrication and connection between rows and inlet/outlet, and lower the pressure drop.

IPC Classes  ?

• F28D 7/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• F28D 1/047 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
• F28F 1/02 - Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
• G06F 1/20 - Cooling means
• F28F 9/013 - Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
• F28F 1/12 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
• F28D 1/053 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
• F28F 21/08 - Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
• B23K 1/00 - Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
• B23P 15/26 - Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass heat exchangers
• F28F 9/02 - Header boxesEnd plates

Abstract

A cooling system includes a heat exchanger having one or more rows of multiple flat tubes, louvered fins disposed between pairs of flat tubes, and special header tube connections to form a counter flow heat exchanger. Heat exchangers having multiple rows may be placed near or close to the server racks and may be in fluid communication with an outdoor heat exchanger having one or more rows. A single-phase fluid is pumped through the fluid circuit or loop, which includes the heat exchangers at the server racks and the outdoor heat exchanger. The single-phase fluid circuit including the heat exchangers at the IT racks may alternatively be in thermal communication with a water circuit that includes an outdoor fluid cooler. The flat tubes can be formed tubes with one or more channels, or extruded tubes with multiple channels. The heat exchangers include header tubes/connections, which facilitate easy fabrication and connection between rows and inlet/outlet, and lower the pressure drop.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• F28D 1/053 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
• F28D 1/047 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
• F28F 1/02 - Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
• F28D 1/04 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
• G06F 1/20 - Cooling means
• F28D 21/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups

Abstract

A cooling assembly for cooling server racks includes a server rack enclosure sub-assembly that includes at least one panel member defining a volume for receiving one or more server racks having a front portion and a rear portion, at least one of the panel members is a rear panel member; at least one frame member defines an opening for receiving the rear portion of the server racks to form a hot space between the rear panel member and the combination of the frame member and the rear portion of the server racks; a cooling sub-assembly disposed in thermal communication with the hot space to cool at least one server supported in the server rack and including a chassis receiving at least one heat exchange member for exchanging heat between a refrigerant fluid flowing through the heat exchange member and fluid flowing through the hot space heated by the server.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• H05K 5/02 - Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus Details

Abstract

The cooling systems and methods of the present disclosure involve modular fluid coolers and chillers configured for optimal power and water use based on environmental conditions and client requirements. The fluid coolers include wet media, a first fluid circuit for distributing fluid across wet media, an air to fluid heat exchanger, and an air to refrigerant heat exchanger. The chillers, which are fluidly coupled to the fluid coolers via pipe cages, include a second fluid circuit in fluid communication with the air to fluid heat exchanger and a refrigerant circuit in thermal communication with the second fluid circuit and in fluid communication with the air to refrigerant heat exchanger. Pipe cages are coupled together to allow for expansion of the cooling system when additional cooling capacity is needed. The fluid coolers and chillers are configured to selectively operate in wet or dry free cooling mode, partial free cooling mode, or mechanical cooling mode.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24F 5/00 - Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by group or
• F25B 23/00 - Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups , e.g. using selective radiation effect
• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups
• F24F 11/83 - Control systems characterised by their outputsConstructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
• F24F 13/22 - Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
• F28C 1/00 - Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
• F24F 110/12 - Temperature of the outside air
• F24F 140/50 - Load
• F24F 11/46 - Improving electric energy efficiency or saving

Abstract

The cooling systems and methods of the present disclosure involve modular fluid coolers and chillers configured for optimal power and water use based on environmental conditions and client requirements. The fluid coolers include wet media, a first fluid circuit for distributing fluid across wet media, an air to fluid heat exchanger, and an air to refrigerant heat exchanger. The chillers, which are fluidly coupled to the fluid coolers via pipe cages, include a second fluid circuit in fluid communication with the air to fluid heat exchanger and a refrigerant circuit in thermal communication with the second fluid circuit and in fluid communication with the air to refrigerant heat exchanger. Pipe cages are coupled together to allow for expansion of the cooling system when additional cooling capacity is needed. The fluid coolers and chillers are configured to selectively operate in wet or dry free cooling mode, partial free cooling mode, or mechanical cooling mode.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 23/00 - Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups , e.g. using selective radiation effect
• F25B 1/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups
• F24F 5/00 - Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by group or
• F28B 5/00 - Condensers employing a combination of the methods covered by groups and Other condensers
• F24F 13/22 - Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
• F28C 1/14 - Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers comprising also a non-direct contact heat exchange

Abstract

e*. The processor then selects predefined switching sequences and pre-calculated turn-on time values based on the identified sector and region locations. The digital logic circuit generates PWM switching signals for driving power transistors of a multi-level diode-clamped inverter based on the turn-on time values and the selected switching sequences. The control system takes care of the existing capacitor voltage balancing issues of multi-level diode-clamped inverters while supplying both active and reactive power to an IT load. Using the control system, one can generate a symmetrical PWM signal that fully covers the linear under-modulation region.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 3/12 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
• G05F 1/00 - Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
• H02M 7/487 - Neutral point clamped inverters
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02M 3/04 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters

Abstract

The cooling systems of the present disclosure include a first refrigerant circuit in thermal communication with a heat load and in fluid communication with a main condenser, a free cooling circuit in fluid communication with the main condenser and a free-cooled water source, a chilled water circuit in fluid communication with the main condenser and an evaporator, and a second refrigerant circuit in fluid communication with the evaporator and a secondary condenser. The free cooling circuit is in thermal communication with the first refrigerant circuit via the main condenser, the chilled water circuit is in thermal communication with the first refrigerant circuit via the main condenser, and the second refrigeration circuit is in thermal communication with the chilled water circuit and the free cooling circuit. The second refrigeration circuit cools a fluid flowing in the chilled water circuit. Methods of operating a cooling system are also disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 7/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups
• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• F25B 41/04 - Disposition of valves
• F25B 49/02 - Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems

Abstract

Systems and methods of the present disclosure involve passive, hybrid, and active filtering configurations to mitigate current harmonics for various electrical loads. One hybrid filtering configuration is medium voltage (MV) active filtering using a DC-DC converter and a multi-level inverter, and low voltage (LV) passive filtering. Another hybrid filtering configuration is MV passive filtering and LV active filtering using a two-level inverter. An active filtering configuration includes both MV and LV active filtering. The present disclosure also features power distribution unit (PDU) transformers electrically coupled to respective power supplies on the LV side of an electrical system. Each PDU transformer includes primary coils in a delta configuration and secondary coils in a wye configuration. The secondary coils are in series with respective leakage inductance coils. The secondary coils and the leakage inductance coils are integrated together into a single unit or module.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02M 1/12 - Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output
• H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• H02M 7/537 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
• H02J 3/18 - Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
• H02J 3/32 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
• H02M 7/487 - Neutral point clamped inverters
• H02J 3/01 - Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
• H02J 3/28 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy

Abstract

A modular server rack cooling structure for cooling at least one server in at least one server rack of a data center assembly includes at least a first supporting member and at least a first heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger is coupled to the first supporting member, which is configured to position the first heat exchanger in heat transfer relationship with the at least one server. The first heat exchanger is not attached to the at least one server rack. The modular server rack cooling structure is also applied to a system that includes at least a first rack and at least a second rack disposed opposite from one another to form a hot aisle or a cold aisle. A method is disclosed for installing additional heat exchangers on the support structure of a modular server rack cooling structure to meet increased cooling capacity requirements without requiring additional space.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 1/20 - Cooling means
• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• H05K 7/18 - Construction of rack or frame

Abstract

A power supply system includes an energy storage device electrically connected to a power grid, a power distribution assembly electrically connected to a load, and a power generation device electrically connected to the power distribution assembly. The energy storage device and the power grid are configured to supply electric power having a first voltage range to the power distribution assembly, which in turn, is configured to supply electric power having a second voltage range less than the first voltage range to the load. The energy storage device and the power generation device each are configured to at least temporarily supply a flow of electric power to the power distribution assembly when electric power from the power grid is interrupted such that a substantially uninterrupted flow of electric power is supplied to the load.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers

Abstract

Modular dual power sources and corresponding systems include a common hybrid energy storage system, a high frequency DC-DC converter coupled between the common hybrid energy storage system, and an ultra-capacitor module for starting up a generator, and a two-level inverter coupled to the common hybrid energy storage system to provide power in case of an interruption in power supplied by a utility supply. The hybrid energy storage system includes an ultra-capacitor module and a battery module. A fast charger is coupled to the hybrid energy storage system to quickly charge the ultra-capacitor module and the battery module, which, in turn, charge the ultra-capacitor module for starting up a generator via a high frequency DC-DC converter. High frequency transformers are used to magnetically isolate electrical noise of the generator and UPS functions and operate independently. The modular dual power sources can be connected in parallel to provide large MW output power.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• H02J 9/00 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over

Abstract

Control systems for a multi-level diode-clamped inverter and corresponding methods include a processor and a digital logic circuit forming a hybrid controller. The processor identifies sector and region locations based on a sampled reference voltage vector V* and angle θe*. The processor then selects predefined switching sequences and pre-calculated turn-on time values based on the identified sector and region locations. The digital logic circuit generates PWM switching signals for driving power transistors of a multi-level diode-clamped inverter based on the turn-on time values and the selected switching sequences. The control system takes care of the existing capacitor voltage balancing issues of multi-level diode-clamped inverters while supplying both active and reactive power to an IT load. Using the control system, one can generate a symmetrical PWM signal that fully covers the linear under-modulation region.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 7/487 - Neutral point clamped inverters

Abstract

The cooling systems of the present disclosure include a first refrigerant circuit in thermal communication with a heat load and in fluid communication with a main condenser, a free cooling circuit in fluid communication with the main condenser and a free-cooled water source, a chilled water circuit in fluid communication with the main condenser and an evaporator, and a second refrigerant circuit in fluid communication with the evaporator and a secondary condenser. The free cooling circuit is in thermal communication with the first refrigerant circuit via the main condenser, the chilled water circuit is in thermal communication with the first refrigerant circuit via the main condenser, and the second refrigeration circuit is in thermal communication with the chilled water circuit and the free cooling circuit. The second refrigeration circuit cools a fluid flowing in the chilled water circuit. Methods of operating a cooling system are also disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 1/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
• F24F 11/02 - Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices

Abstract

Systems and methods relating to a plural in-series pumped liquid refrigerant trim evaporator cycle are described. The cooling systems include a first evaporator coil in thermal communication with an air intake flow to a heat load, and a first liquid refrigerant distribution unit in thermal communication with the first evaporator coil. The cooling systems further include a second evaporator coil disposed in series with the first evaporator coil in the air intake flow and in thermal communication with the air intake flow, and a second liquid refrigerant distribution unit in thermal communication with the second evaporator coil. A trim compression cycle of the second liquid refrigerant distribution unit is configured to further cool the air intake flow through the second evaporator coil when the temperature of the first fluid flowing out of the main compressor of the second liquid refrigerant distribution unit exceeds a predetermined threshold temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 7/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
• F25B 5/04 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in series
• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups
• F25B 41/00 - Fluid-circulation arrangements
• F25B 6/02 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in parallel
• F25B 49/02 - Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
• F25B 23/00 - Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups , e.g. using selective radiation effect

Abstract

An efficient, modular, direct current (DC) uninterruptible power supply (UPS) for at least one server of a data center is disclosed. The single-conversion DC UPS includes an AC-DC converter, an energy storage device electrically coupled to the output of the AC-DC converter, and a single conversion server supply DC-DC converter electrically coupled to the AC-DC converter and the energy storage device, which may be a low-voltage lithium-ion battery or combined with an ultra capacitor. The DC UPS may be incorporated into a UPS system for a data center including a plurality of server rack assemblies and a plurality of cooling distribution units (CDUs). The UPS system includes an electric generator, an AC UPS electrically coupled between the electric generator and the plurality of CDUs, and a plurality of DC UPSs coupled between the electric generator and the plurality of server rack assemblies.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 1/10 - Parallel operation of dc sources
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02J 9/04 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
• G06F 1/30 - Means for acting in the event of power-supply failure or interruption, e.g. power-supply fluctuations

Abstract

A cooling system is provided including a first evaporator coil in thermal communication with an air intake flow to a heat load, a first liquid refrigerant distribution unit in fluid communication with the first evaporator coil to form a first fluid circuit, a second evaporator coil disposed in series with the first evaporator coil in the air intake flow and in the thermal communication with the air intake flow to the heat load, a second liquid refrigerant distribution unit in fluid communication with the second evaporator coil to form a second fluid circuit, a water loop in thermal communication with the first fluid circuit and second fluid circuit, and a chiller loop in thermal communication with the water loop.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25D 17/02 - Arrangements for circulating cooling fluidsArrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups
• F25B 1/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle

Abstract

Systems and methods for supplying power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a load without using a transformer are disclosed. The UPS includes an energy storage device, a single stage DC-DC converter or a two-stage DC-DC converter, and a multi-level inverter, each of which are electrically coupled to a common negative bus. The DC-DC converter may include two stages in a unidirectional or bidirectional configuration. One stage of the DC-DC converter uses a flying capacitor topology. The voltages across the capacitors of the flying capacitor topology are balanced and switching losses are minimized by fixed duty cycle operation. The DC-DC converter generates a high DC voltage from a low or high voltage energy storage device such as batteries and/or ultra-capacitors. The multi-level, neutral point, diode-clamped inverter converts the high DC voltage into a medium AC voltage using a space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique. The UPS may also include a small filter to remove harmonics in the AC voltage output from the multi-level inverter.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/34 - Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
• H02M 3/156 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators

Abstract

An air flow distribution system for cooling server racks includes at least one server rack partially defining a hot aisle and a cold aisle, a first air foil disposed above the server rack, and a second air foil disposed above the first air foil. The first air foil and the second air foil are configured to receive air from the hot aisle, and to form turbulent wake patterns in the cold aisle partially defined by the server rack. The air flow distribution system may include a convex ceiling member above the second air foil. A corresponding method includes causing air to be directed between a first air foil disposed above a server rack and a second air foil disposed above the first air foil to form turbulent wake patterns in the cold aisle. An electrical enclosure assembly includes a receptacle and a cover member configured as an air foil.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• F21V 33/00 - Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
• F21W 131/40 - Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use

Abstract

Systems and methods for supplying power (both active and reactive) at a medium voltage from a DCSTATCOM to an IT load without using a transformer are disclosed. The DCSTATCOM includes an energy storage device, a two-stage DC-DC converter, and a multi-level inverter, each of which are electrically coupled to a common negative bus. The DC-DC converter may include two stages in a bidirectional configuration. One stage of the DC-DC converter uses a flying capacitor topology. The voltages across the capacitors of the flying capacitor topology are balanced and switching losses are minimized by fixed duty cycle operation. The DC-DC converter generates a high DC voltage from a low or high voltage energy storage device such as batteries and/or ultra-capacitors. The multi-level, neutral point, diode-clamped inverter converts the high DC voltage into a medium AC voltage using a space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 1/10 - Parallel operation of dc sources
• H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
• H02J 9/00 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
• H02J 3/32 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
• H02J 3/18 - Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
• H02M 7/483 - Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltage levels
• H02J 7/34 - Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion

Abstract

Systems and methods for cooling an inverter of a variable frequency drive that drives a compressor in a cooling system for electronic equipment are disclosed. The system includes a first fluid circuit that cools electronic equipment using a first fluid flowing therethrough and a second fluid circuit that free cools a second fluid flowing therethrough. The second fluid circuit cools the first fluid using the free-cooled second fluid. The system further includes a third fluid circuit that mechanically cools the second fluid using a third fluid flowing therethrough as a function of the wet bulb temperature of atmospheric air. The third fluid circuit includes at least one compressor compresses the third fluid and is driven by a motor coupled to the variable frequency drive. At least a portion of the first fluid flowing through the third fluid circuit is diverted to cool the inverter of the variable frequency drive.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• F25B 31/00 - Compressor arrangements

Abstract

A cooling assembly for cooling server racks includes a server rack enclosure sub-assembly that includes at least one panel member defining a volume for receiving one or more server racks having a front portion and a rear portion, at least one of the panel members is a rear panel member; at least one frame member defines an opening for receiving the rear portion of the server racks to form a hot space between the rear panel member and the combination of the frame member and the rear portion of the server racks; a cooling sub-assembly disposed in thermal communication with the hot space to cool at least one server supported in the server rack and including a chassis receiving at least one heat exchange member for exchanging heat between a refrigerant fluid flowing through the heat exchange member and fluid flowing through the hot space heated by the server.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• G06F 1/20 - Cooling means

Goods & Services

Computer software for optimization of energy efficiency systems in buildings; backup energy power supplies for modular data centers; energy storage units and devices, namely, uninterruptible power supplies; server rack assembly for data centers; cooling distribution systems comprised of temperature sensors, condensers, flow meters, pressure gauges and sensors. Air-conditioning apparatus and installations, namely, evaporative air cooling units for reduced energy and water consumption for commercial use, modular air handling units, namely, air conditioning units for use inside modular data centers for cooling computer equipment, cooling distribution units for distributing refrigerant to devices that generate heat; valves for air conditioners; cooling systems for server racks consisting of electric fans, heat exchangers and piping within an enclosure and a subassembly; fan assembly system comprising electric fans for data centers. Repair and maintenance of cooling systems for modular data centers; repair and maintenance of cooling systems for buildings. Custom manufacture of cooling systems for modular data centers; custom manufacture of cooling systems for buildings. Product research and development and consultation related thereto in the field of cooling systems for modular data centers; product research and development and consultation related thereto in the field of cooling systems for buildings.

Abstract

The cooling systems and methods of the present disclosure relate to a plural in- series pumped liquid refrigerant trim evaporator cycle that may be incorporated into an existing cooling system to increase the efficiency of the existing cooling system. The cooling systems of the present disclosure include a first evaporator coil in thermal communication with an air intake flow to a heat load, such as a heat load being cooled by the existing cooling system, and a first liquid refrigerant distribution unit in thermal communication with the first evaporator coil. The cooling systems further includes a second evaporator coil disposed in series with the first evaporator coil in the air intake flow and in thermal communication with the air intake flow, and a second liquid refrigerant distribution unit in thermal communication with the second evaporator coil. A trim compression cycle of the second liquid refrigerant distribution unit is configured to incrementally further cool the air intake flow through the second evaporator coil when the temperature of the free-cooled first fluid flowing out of the main compressor of the second liquid refrigerant distribution unit exceeds a predetermined threshold temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 41/00 - Fluid-circulation arrangements
• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups
• F25B 5/04 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in series
• F25D 17/02 - Arrangements for circulating cooling fluidsArrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
• F25B 23/00 - Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups , e.g. using selective radiation effect

Goods & Services

(1) Computer software for optimization of energy efficiency systems in buildings; backup energy power supplies for modular data centers namely electric power generators, uninterruptible electrical backup power supplies, battery backup power supplies; energy storage units and devices, namely, uninterruptible power supplies; server rack assembly for data centers comprising mounting racks for electronic equipment and high efficiency electric fans for cooling electronic equipment; evaporative air cooling systems for reduced energy and water consumption; modular air handling units for use inside modular data centers for cooling computer equipment; cooling distribution unit for cooling computer server racks; cooling distribution systems comprising temperature sensors, condensers, AIR compressors, heat exchangers, metal and plastic piping, valves as machine components, expansion tanks, flow meters, pressure gauges, and temperature sensors, liquid sensors, air pressure sensors, all for cooling distribution; cooling systems for server racks consisting of electric fans, heat exchangers and metal and plastic piping within an enclosure and a subassembly; fan assembly system for data centers comprising high-efficiency electric fans and dual refrigerant coils for data centers; air-conditioning apparatus and installations namely, evaporative air cooling units for reduced energy and water consumption for domestic use, modular air handling units, namely, air conditioning units for use inside modular data centers for cooling computer equipment; heat exchangers, valves as machine components for air conditioners. (1) Custom manufacture, repair and maintenance of cooling systems for modular data centers; custom manufacture, repair and maintenance of cooling systems for buildings; research and development and consultation related thereto in the field of cooling systems for modular data centers; research and development and consultation related thereto in the field of cooling systems for buildings.

Goods & Services

(1) Custom manufacture, repair and maintenance of cooling systems for modular data centers; custom manufacture, repair and maintenance of cooling systems for buildings; research and development and consultation related thereto in the field of cooling systems for modular data centers; research and development and consultation related thereto in the field of cooling systems for buildings

Abstract

Systems and methods for supplying power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a load without using a transformer are disclosed. The UPS includes an energy storage device, a single stage DC-DC converter or a two-stage DC- DC converter, and a multi-level inverter, each of which are electrically coupled to a common negative bus. The DC-DC converter may include two stages in a unidirectional or bidirectional configuration. One stage of the DC-DC converter uses a flying capacitor topology. The voltages across the capacitors of the flying capacitor topology are balanced and switching losses are minimized by fixed duty cycle operation. The DC-DC converter generates a high DC voltage from a low or high voltage energy storage device such as batteries and/or ultra-capacitors. The multi-level, neutral point, diode-clamped inverter converts the high DC voltage into a medium AC voltage using a space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique. The UPS may also include a small filter to remove harmonics in the AC voltage output from the multi-level inverter.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over

Abstract

An efficient, modular, direct current (DC) uninterruptible power supply (UPS) for at least one server of a data center is disclosed. The single-conversion DC UPS includes an AC-DC converter, an energy storage device electrically coupled to the output of the AC-DC converter, and a single conversion server supply DC-DC converter electrically coupled to the AC-DC converter and the energy storage device, which may be a low-voltage lithium-ion battery or combined with an ultra capacitor. The DC UPS may be incorporated into a UPS system for a data center including a plurality of server rack assemblies and a plurality of cooling distribution units (CDUs). The UPS system includes an electric generator, an AC UPS electrically coupled between the electric generator and the plurality of CDUs, and a plurality of DC UPSs coupled between the electric generator and the plurality of server rack assemblies.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over

Abstract

An air flow distribution system for cooling server racks includes at least one server rack partially defining a hot aisle and a cold aisle, a first air foil disposed above the server rack, and a second air foil disposed above the first air foil. The first air foil and the second air foil are configured to receive air from the hot aisle, and to form turbulent wake patterns in the cold aisle partially defined by the server rack. The air flow distribution system may include a convex ceiling member above the second air foil. A corresponding method includes causing air to be directed between a first air foil disposed above a server rack and a second air foil disposed above the first air foil to form turbulent wake patterns in the cold aisle. An electrical enclosure assembly includes a receptacle and a cover member configured as an air foil.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

A space-saving, high-density modular data pod system and an energy-efficient cooling system are disclosed. The modular data pod system includes a central free-cooling system and a plurality of modular data pods, each of which includes a heat exchange assembly coupled to the central free-cooling system, and a distributed mechanical cooling system coupled to the heat exchange assembly. The modular data pods include a data enclosure having at least five walls arranged in the shape of a polygon, a plurality of computer racks arranged in a circular or U-shaped pattern, and a cover to create hot and cold aisles, and an air circulator configured to continuously circulate air between the hot and cold aisles. Each modular data pod also includes an auxiliary enclosure containing a common fluid and electrical circuit section that is configured to connect to adjacent common fluid and electrical circuit sections to form a common fluid and electrical circuit that connects to the central free-cooling system. The auxiliary enclosure contains at least a portion of the distributed mechanical cooling system, which is configured to trim the cooling performed by the central free-cooling system.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 49/00 - Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
• F25D 17/00 - Arrangements for circulating cooling fluidsArrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces

Goods & Services

(1) Evaporative air cooling systems for reduced energy and water consumption

Abstract

A space-saving, high-density modular data center and an energy-efficient cooling system for a modular data center are disclosed. The modular data center includes a first cooling circuit including a primary cooling device and a plurality of modular data pods. Each modular data pod includes a plurality of servers, a heat exchange member coupled to the first cooling circuit and a second cooling circuit coupled to the heat exchange member and configured to cool the plurality of servers, the second cooling circuit including a secondary cooling device configured to cool fluid flowing through the second cooling circuit. Each modular data pod also includes an auxiliary enclosure containing at least a portion of a distributed mechanical cooling system, which is configured to trim the cooling performed by a central free-cooling system.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• G06F 1/20 - Cooling means
• H01L 23/473 - Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids by flowing liquids
• F28D 15/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls
• H01L 23/34 - Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation
• F25D 17/00 - Arrangements for circulating cooling fluidsArrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
• F25B 49/00 - Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices

Abstract

Systems and methods for cooling an inverter of a variable frequency drive that drives a compressor in a cooling system for electronic equipment are disclosed. The system includes a first fluid circuit that cools electronic equipment using a first fluid flowing therethrough and a second fluid circuit that free cools a second fluid flowing therethrough. The second fluid circuit cools the first fluid using the free-cooled second fluid. The system further includes a third fluid circuit that mechanically cools the second fluid using a third fluid flowing therethrough as a function of the wet bulb temperature of atmospheric air. The third fluid circuit includes at least one compressor compresses the third fluid and is driven by a motor coupled to the variable frequency drive. At least a portion of the first fluid flowing through the third fluid circuit is diverted to cool the inverter of the variable frequency drive.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 49/02 - Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
• F25B 49/00 - Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices

Abstract

A space-saving, high-density modular data pod system and an energy-efficient cooling system are disclosed. The modular data pod system includes a central free- cooling system and a plurality of modular data pods, each of which includes a heat exchange assembly coupled to the central free-cooling system, and a distributed mechanical cooling system coupled to the heat exchange assembly. The modular data pods include a data enclosure having at least five walls arranged in the shape of a polygon, a plurality of computer racks arranged in a circular or U-shaped pattern, and a cover to create hot and cold aisles, and an air circulator configured to continuously circulate air between the hot and cold aisles. Each modular data pod also includes an auxiliary enclosure containing a common fluid and electrical circuit section that is configured to connect to adjacent common fluid and electrical circuit sections to form a common fluid and electrical circuit that connects to the central free-cooling system. The auxiliary enclosure contains at least a portion of the distributed mechanical cooling system, which is configured to trim the cooling performed by the central free-cooling system.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 1/16 - Constructional details or arrangements
• G06F 1/20 - Cooling means

Abstract

A modular server rack cooling structure for cooling at least one server in at least one server rack of a data center assembly includes at least a first supporting member and at least a first heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger is coupled to the first supporting member, which is configured to position the first heat exchanger in heat transfer relationship with the at least one server. The first heat exchanger is not attached to the at least one server rack. The modular server rack cooling structure is also applied to a system that includes at least a first rack and at least a second rack disposed opposite from one another to form a hot aisle or a cold aisle. A method is disclosed for installing additional heat exchangers on the support structure of a modular server rack cooling structure to meet increased cooling capacity requirements without requiring additional space.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

A space-saving, high-density modular data pod and a method of cooling a plurality of computer racks are disclosed. The modular data pod includes an enclosure including wall members contiguously joined to one another along at least one edge of each wall member in the shape of a polygon and a data pod covering member. Computer racks arranged within the enclosure form a first volume between the inner surface of the wall members and first sides of the computer racks. A second volume is formed of second sides of the computer racks. A computer rack covering member encloses the second volume and the data pod covering member form a third volume coupling the first volume to the second volume. An air circulator continuously circulates air through the first, second, and third volumes. The method includes circulating air between the first and second volumes via the third volume and the computer racks.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
• H01L 23/473 - Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids by flowing liquids
• F28D 15/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls
• H01L 23/34 - Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation
• F25D 17/00 - Arrangements for circulating cooling fluidsArrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
• F25B 49/00 - Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
• G06F 1/20 - Cooling means

Abstract

A system for cooling electronic equipment includes first and second heat exchangers and a condenser. The first exchanger is disposed in an airflow in thermal communication with electronic equipment and is configured to receive a cooling fluid at a first temperature. The first exchanger enables heat transfer from the airflow to the cooling fluid to heat the cooling fluid to a second temperature. The second exchanger is disposed in the airflow between the first exchanger and the electronic equipment and is configured to receive the cooling fluid at the second temperature. The second exchanger enables heat transfer from the airflow to the cooling fluid to heat the cooling fluid to a third temperature. The condenser is configured to receive the cooling fluid at the third temperature and is configured to enable heat transfer from the cooling fluid to a cooling source to cool the cooling fluid to the first temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 1/20 - Cooling means
• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

A space-saving, high-density modular data pod system and an energy-efficient cooling system are disclosed. The modular data pod system includes a central free- cooling system and a plurality of modular data pods, each of which includes a heat exchange assembly coupled to the central free-cooling system, and a distributed mechanical cooling system coupled to the heat exchange assembly. The modular data pods include a data enclosure having at least five walls arranged in the shape of a polygon, a plurality of computer racks arranged in a circular or U-shaped pattern, and a cover to create hot and cold aisles, and an air circulator configured to continuously circulate air between the hot and cold aisles. Each modular data pod also includes an auxiliary enclosure containing a shared fluid and electrical circuit section that is configured to connect to adjacent shared fluid and electrical circuit sections to form a shared fluid and electrical circuit that connects to the central free-cooling system. The auxiliary enclosure contains at least a portion of the distributed mechanical cooling system, which is configured to trim the cooling performed by the central free-cooling system.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

The cooling systems and methods of the present disclosure relate to a plural in- series pumped liquid refrigerant trim evaporator cycle that may be incorporated into an existing cooling system to increase the efficiency of the existing cooling system. The cooling systems of the present disclosure include a first evaporator coil in thermal communication with an air intake flow to a heat load, such as a heat load being cooled by the existing cooling system, and a first liquid refrigerant distribution unit in thermal communication with the first evaporator coil. The cooling systems further includes a second evaporator coil disposed in series with the first evaporator coil in the air intake flow and in thermal communication with the air intake flow, and a second liquid refrigerant distribution unit in thermal communication with the second evaporator coil. A trim compression cycle of the second liquid refrigerant distribution unit is configured to incrementally further cool the air intake flow through the second evaporator coil when the temperature of the free-cooled first fluid flowing out of the main compressor of the second liquid refrigerant distribution unit exceeds a predetermined threshold temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 5/02 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
• F25B 6/02 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in parallel
• F25B 7/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
• F25B 41/00 - Fluid-circulation arrangements
• F25B 49/02 - Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems

Abstract

A space-saving, high-density modular data pod system and an energy-efficient cooling system are disclosed. The modular data pod system includes a central free- cooling system and a plurality of modular data pods, each of which includes a heat exchange assembly coupled to the central free-cooling system, and a distributed mechanical cooling system coupled to the heat exchange assembly. The modular data pods include a data enclosure having at least five walls arranged in the shape of a polygon, a plurality of computer racks arranged in a circular or U-shaped pattern, and a cover to create hot and cold aisles, and an air circulator configured to continuously circulate air between the hot and cold aisles. Each modular data pod also includes an auxiliary enclosure containing a shared fluid and electrical circuit section that is configured to connect to adjacent shared fluid and electrical circuit sections to form a shared fluid and electrical circuit that connects to the central free-cooling system. The auxiliary enclosure contains at least a portion of the distributed mechanical cooling system, which is configured to trim the cooling performed by the central free-cooling system.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 7/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
• F25D 16/00 - Devices using a combination of a cooling mode associated with refrigerating machinery with a cooling mode not associated with refrigerating machinery
• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

A cooling system includes a heat exchanger having one or more rows of multiple flat tubes, louvered fins disposed between pairs of flat tubes, and special header tube connections to form a counter flow heat exchanger. Heat exchangers having multiple rows may be placed near or close to the server racks and may be in fluid communication with an outdoor heat exchanger having one or more rows. A single-phase fluid is pumped through the fluid circuit or loop, which includes the heat exchangers at the server racks and the outdoor heat exchanger. The single-phase fluid circuit including the heat exchangers at the IT racks may alternatively be in thermal communication with a water circuit that includes an outdoor fluid cooler. The flat tubes can be formed tubes with one or more channels, or extruded tubes with multiple channels. The heat exchangers include header tubes/connections, which facilitate easy fabrication and connection between rows and inlet/outlet, and lower the pressure drop.

IPC Classes  ?

• F28D 1/04 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
• F28D 1/047 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
• F28D 1/053 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
• F28D 21/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups
• F28F 1/02 - Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
• G06F 1/20 - Cooling means
• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

A space-saving, high-density modular data pod system and an energy-efficient
cooling
system are disclosed. The modular data pod system includes a central free-
cooling system
and a plurality of modular data pods, each of which includes a heat exchange
assembly
coupled to the central free-cooling system, and a distributed mechanical
cooling system
coupled to the heat exchange assembly. The modular data pods include a data
enclosure
having at least five walls arranged in the shape of a polygon, a plurality of
computer racks
arranged in a circular or U-shaped pattern, and a cover to create hot and cold
aisles, and an
air circulator configured to continuously circulate air between the hot and
cold aisles. Each
modular data pod also includes an auxiliary enclosure containing a shared
fluid and electrical
circuit section that is configured to connect to adjacent shared fluid and
electrical circuit
sections to form a shared fluid and electrical circuit that connects to the
central free-cooling
system. The auxiliary enclosure contains at least a portion of the distributed
mechanical
cooling system, which is configured to trim the cooling performed by the
central free-cooling
system.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 7/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
• F25D 16/00 - Devices using a combination of a cooling mode associated with refrigerating machinery with a cooling mode not associated with refrigerating machinery
• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

A modular server rack cooling structure for cooling at least one server in at
least one server
rack of a data center assembly includes at least a first supporting member and
at least a first
heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger is coupled to the first supporting
member, which
is configured to position the first heat exchanger in heat transfer
relationship with the at least
one server. The first heat exchanger is not attached to the at least one
server rack. The
modular server rack cooling structure is also applied to a system that
includes at least a first
rack and at least a second rack disposed opposite from one another to form a
hot aisle or
a cold aisle. A method is disclosed for installing additional heat exchangers
on the support
structure of a modular server rack cooling structure to meet increased cooling
capacity
requirements without requiring additional space.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

Modular air cooling and distribution systems include a fan and heat exchanger cooling assembly and a controller which controls the fan speed based on temperature and velocity measurements. The cooling assembly includes a fluid-to-air heat exchanger and a variable speed fan. The fluid in the fluid-to-air heat exchanger may be propylene glycol or water. The heat exchanger minimizes pressure drop and maximizes heat transfer. The quantity of cooling assemblies is selected to match the indoor cooling requirements. The cooling assemblies are easily assembled together, stacked vertically, and/or connected horizontally, to match the cooling load. If additional cooling capacity is needed in the future, more cooling assemblies can easily be added, and the cooling assemblies may be expanded vertically and/or horizontally. The speed of the fans of the fan and heat exchanger assemblies are controlled based on fluid temperature and fluid velocity measurements, which may be obtained by an anemometer.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating