Abstract

A protein functionalized anti-inflammatory nanoparticle and a method of preparing the protein functionalized anti-inflammatory nanoparticle is disclosed. The protein functionalized anti-inflammatory nanoparticle includes a central core comprising a hyaluronic acid coated chitosan nanoparticle and surface adsorbed anti-inflammatory proteins forming an outer shell around the central core, wherein the surface adsorbed anti-inflammatory protein is AGP (alpha-1-acid glycoprotein). The method of preparation includes dispersing chitosan nanoparticles in acetic acid/acetate buffer to produce a dispersion, adding an equal amount of acetate buffer containing hyaluronic acid under vigorous stirring to form hyaluronic coated chitosan nanoparticle (HA-CS) and functionalizing the hyaluronic coated chitosan nanoparticle with surface adsorbing anti-inflammatory protein AGP, to form the protein functionalized anti-inflammatory nanoparticle.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 38/17 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from humans
• A61K 9/16 - Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets
• A61K 47/61 - Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule the organic macromolecular compound being a polysaccharide or a derivative thereof
• A61K 47/69 - Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit

Abstract

Described herein are cyclophanes, compositions, and methods for live cell imaging. The cyclophanes comprise an ordered, cyclic arrangement of a chromophore, a first linker unit, a molecular strut, and a second linker unit. The compositions are capable of being taking up by cells and resist photobleaching under live-cell imaging conditions.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 49/00 - Preparations for testing in vivo

Abstract

Disclosed herein are compositions, supramolecular assemblies, crystalline compositions, and methods of making and using the same. The composition comprises an organic ion and a counterion, wherein the organic ion comprises a molecular hub and arms extending therefrom and wherein the organic ion is capable of adopting a tripodal confirmation.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 401/14 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings

Abstract

A drill bit for drilling a subterranean formation. The drill bit includes a drill bit body, at least one cutting element disposed on the drill bit body, and an optical sensor disposed on the drill bit body and configured to generate an environmental parameter measurement while drilling the subterranean formation. The optical sensor includes a fiber bragg grating embedded in an optical fiber that passes through a first channel in the drill bit body and a second channel in the drill string to couple to a surface logging station for analyzing the environmental parameter measurement, where the environmental parameter measurement represents at least a downhole chemical composition measured by the fiber bragg grating, and an analysis result of the surface logging station is presented to a user to facilitate a drilling operation.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 47/002 - Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection
• E21B 47/013 - Devices specially adapted for supporting measuring instruments on drill bits
• E21B 47/00 - Survey of boreholes or wells
• E21B 47/135 - Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. of radio frequency range using light waves, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet waves
• E21B 47/07 - Temperature

Abstract

Disclosed herein are aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries and cathodic materials for preparing the same. The cathodic material of these batteries comprises a redox-active triangular phenanthrenequinone-based macrocycle.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/60 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of organic compounds
• H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
• H01M 10/36 - Accumulators not provided for in groups
• C07F 3/06 - Zinc compounds

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method of preparing the material to produce an anode by simultaneously grinding wet material by grinding media (1a) using an electromagnetic mill (2) with a mill chamber (1) and drying at a pressure below atmospheric, provided by the combination of an atmospheric water vapor cooler (7) together with the adsorption device (8). The moist material is fed by means of a screw conveyor (3) to the mill chamber (1), from where it is discharged by means of pipelines (5) (6), water vapor condensed partly in the atmospheric water vapor cooler (7) and partly in the adsorption device (8). After grinding and drying the material, a new portion of moist material for grinding, fed by the screw conveyor (3), pushes the ground material which, via the ground material discharge pipeline (10), goes to the ground material tank (11).

IPC Classes  ?

• B02C 17/00 - Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
• B02C 17/18 - Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls - Details

Abstract

A method for low-pressure diamond growth includes heating a composition comprising a diamond growth seed and a source of reactive carbon to a temperature below 800° C., wherein the heating takes place under low pressure. Responsive to the heating, growing diamonds from the composition.

IPC Classes  ?

• C30B 29/04 - Diamond
• B01J 3/06 - Processes using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamonds; Apparatus therefor, e.g. moulds or dies
• C01B 32/26 - Preparation
• C01B 32/15 - Nanosized carbon materials
• C09K 11/06 - Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent, materials containing organic luminescent materials

Abstract

A photovoltaic device and method utilizing a light harvesting device and a photovoltaic cell; wherein the light harvesting device includes an organic semiconductor photoactive layer capable of multiple exciton generation with a luminescent material dispersed therein; wherein the bandgap of the luminescent material is selected such that the triplet excitons, formed as a result from the multiple exciton generation in the organic semiconductor, can be transferred from the organic semiconductor into the luminescent material non-radiatively via Dexter Energy Transfer; a photovoltaic cell disposed in an emissive light path of the luminescent material and having a first photoactive layer, wherein the bandgap of the luminescent material matches or is higher than the bandgap of the first photoactive layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 25/16 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices the devices being of types provided for in two or more different main groups of groups , or in a single subclass of , , e.g. forming hybrid circuits
• H01L 51/44 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation - Details of devices
• H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
• H01L 31/055 - Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means where light is absorbed and re-emitted at a different wavelength by the optical element directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. by using luminescent material, fluorescent concentrators or up-conversion arrangements
• H01L 31/028 - Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic System
• H01L 31/0304 - Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
• H01L 31/032 - Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only compounds not provided for in groups
• H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation

Abstract

Methods and compositions for the adsorptive removal of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) from contaminated water sources and systems. The compositions contain carbon fly ash doped with silver nanoparticles at specific mass ratios. Methods of preparing and characterizing the adsorbents are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
• B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption

Abstract

A method for treating an MTBE-contaminated aqueous solution includes forming an adsorbent by treating fly ash with nitric acid and then doping the resultant acid-treated fly ash particles with AgNO3 and calcining. The adsorbent is used to contact an MTBE-contaminated aqueous solution to adsorb the MTBE and the adsorbent and to form a purified aqueous phase which is then separated from the adsorbent.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
• B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
• C02F 101/34 - Organic compounds containing oxygen

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a hydrogen production device consisting of an evaporator (1) connected through a vapor channel with a sorbent bed (2) in which there is a heat exchanger (2a) to which from the source of cooling water a cooling water supply pipeline (14) is connected and from the heat exchanger (2a) cooling water discharge pipeline (13) is led. The heat exchanger (2a) is connected to the heat source (5) by means of the hot water supply pipeline (16) and the hot water discharge pipeline (17). The sorbent bed (2) is connected by means of a vapor channel (8) to the PEM electrolyser (3) from which the hydrogen discharge pipeline (21) and the oxygen discharge pipeline (20) are led. The method according to the invention consists in that in the first stage, sea water is sucked into the evaporator (1). After filling the evaporator, the seawater intake water valve (22) closes and the pump set (12) stops. In the second stage, the evaporator shut-off valve (7) opens and the sorbent bed (2) is cooled with sea water, whereby in the evaporator (1) clean water boils and is sucked in by the sorbent bed (2) as a result of the vacuum it generates. In the sorbent bed (2), the process of adsorption of vapor takes place until the sorbent bed (2) is saturated with vapor. In the third stage, the sorbent bed (2) is cut off from the evaporator (1) and the sorbent bed (2) is heated with hot water from a heat source (5) enabling desorption of water vapor from the sorbent bed (2) towards the anode of the PEM electrolyser (3). Pure hydrogen is produced by the reaction of water electrolysis.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/042 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water by electrolysis of steam
• C25B 15/021 - Process control or regulation of heating or cooling
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
• B01D 3/00 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
• C02F 1/04 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation

Abstract

Methods and compositions for the adsorptive removal of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) from contaminated water sources and systems. The compositions contain carbon fly ash doped with silver nanoparticles at specific mass ratios. Methods of preparing and characterizing the adsorbents are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
• B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
• C02F 101/34 - Organic compounds containing oxygen

Abstract

Methods and compositions for the adsorptive removal of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) from contaminated water sources and systems. The compositions contain carbon fly ash doped with silver nanoparticles at specific mass ratios. Methods of preparing and characterizing the adsorbents are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
• B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
• C02F 101/34 - Organic compounds containing oxygen

Abstract

Methods and compositions for the adsorptive removal of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) from contaminated water sources and systems. The compositions contain carbon fly ash doped with silver nanoparticles at specific mass ratios. Methods of preparing and characterizing the adsorbents are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
• B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption

Abstract

A mobile sanitation unit consisting of a working chamber (A) and a usage chamber (B) which consists of at least one sanitation chamber (11). In the working chamber (A) there is an inlet pipeline (1) to which a buffer tank is connected, fed by a saturation pipeline (13) equipped in the sequence of flow with a pump (4), an injector (5) and a cooler (7). The injector (5) is connected to the micro-nano bubbles generator (14) by the supply pipeline (6). The cooler (7) is connected with the cooling pipeline (16) to the cooling source (8). In the sanitation chamber (11) there is a set of fog nozzles (10), the outlet of which is positioned perpendicular to the sanitization chamber ceiling (11). The fog nozzles (10) are arranged on a rectangular plan, with the outlet directed downwards and located below the air suction area of the air curtains (11.1, 11.5). The condensate discharge pipeline (12) is connected to the drain (11.3) located at the bottom of the sanitation chamber (11), which is equipped with two pairs of doors (11.2, 11.6) located opposite each other on both sides of the sanitation chamber (11). Air curtains (11.1, 11.5) are located directly above the door (11.2, 11.6) inside the chamber.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61L 2/18 - Liquid substances

Abstract

Disclosed herein are aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries and cathodic materials for preparing the same. The cathodic material of these batteries comprises a redox-active triangular phenanthrenequinone-based macrocycle.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/48 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
• H01M 4/485 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
• H01M 4/90 - Selection of catalytic material

Abstract

A method for isolating a protein complex comprising BCL10 and at least one, preferably all, of ROS1, LSD1, BTK, KU80, KU70, CUL4A, IMP3, thioredoxin, hTID1, DAP3, CDK1/CDC2, PRL1/PTP4A1 or NM23. Methods for using this complex to diagnose or prognose diseases including diabetes, obesity, cancer, neurodegenerative disease or inflammatory diseases associated with activation of NF-κB. Methods for distinguishing lean, obese and diabetic subjects based on expression of BCL10 and its ligands are also disclosed. The invention also pertains to pharmaceutical compositions comprising ligands for BCL10 or other components of this complex or agents such as siRNA or miRNA that regulate the expression of the protein components of this complex.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12Q 1/6883 - Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material
• C07K 14/47 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from humans from vertebrates from mammals
• G01N 30/08 - Preparation using an enricher
• G01N 33/68 - Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
• G01N 30/06 - Preparation

Abstract

Disclosed herein are compositions, supramolecular assemblies, crystalline compositions, and methods of making and using the same. The composition comprises an organic ion and a counterion, wherein the organic ion comprises a molecular hub and arms extending therefrom and wherein the organic ion is capable of adopting a tripodal conformation.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 401/14 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
• B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites

Abstract

Provided herein are atmospheric moisture harvester systems, as well as methods using such systems, for capturing water from surrounding air. The systems and methods use adsorbents to adsorb water from the air. For example, the adsorbents may be metal-organic frameworks. The systems and methods desorb this water in the form of water vapor, and the water vapor is condensed into liquid water and collected. The liquid water is suitable for use as drinking water.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 5/06 - Aluminium compounds
• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
• B01J 20/22 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
• G01N 23/2202 - Preparing specimens therefor

Abstract

2 from the gasified and reformed syngas mixture.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10K 1/00 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
• C10K 1/32 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide with selectively absorptive solids, e.g. active carbon
• C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
• C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
• C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
• C10J 3/84 - Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas

Abstract

4). The clear solution is sonicated after adding the metal salt to obtain a reaction mixture. Thereafter, the reaction mixture is heated in dark. The reaction mixture is treated to facilitate solvent extraction of the metal-ascorbic acid. Finally, the metal-ascorbic acid is crystallized.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 1/08 - Copper compounds

Abstract

2/g, and contain the carbon acid-treated fly ash particles and the metal silver oxide nanoparticles at mass percentages of 50-90% and 10-50%, respectively.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
• B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
• C02F 101/34 - Organic compounds containing oxygen

Abstract

Methods and compositions for the adsorptive removal of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) from contaminated water sources and systems. The compositions contain acid-treated fly ash particles containing carbon, oxygen, and sulfur, and silver oxide nanoparticles having diameters in a range of 1-10 nm such that the silver oxide nanoparticles are present on the surface and in pore spaces of the acid-treated fly ash particles. The composition is in the form of particles having sizes in a range of 100 nm to 2.5 μm. Methods of preparing and characterizing the adsorbents are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
• B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
• C02F 101/34 - Organic compounds containing oxygen

Abstract

Disclosed herein are lithiated cyclodextrin metal organic frameworks and method of making and using the same. A metal organic framework comprising a coordinated network of repeating units extending in three dimensions, wherein the repeating unit comprises a cyclodextrin, a first coordinating metal cation, and a second coordinating metal cation.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/22 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
• C08B 37/16 - Cyclodextrin; Derivatives thereof

Abstract

A method for low-pressure diamond growth includes heating a composition comprising a diamond growth seed and a source of reactive carbon to a temperature below 800°C, wherein the heating takes place under low pressure. Responsive to the heating, growing diamonds from the composition.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 32/26 - Preparation
• B01J 3/06 - Processes using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamonds; Apparatus therefor, e.g. moulds or dies
• C01B 32/25 - Diamond
• C23C 16/27 - Diamond only
• C30B 25/00 - Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour deposition growth
• C30B 29/04 - Diamond

Abstract

A method may include receiving radar data from a plurality of TX-RX pairs (TRPs); generating a plurality of first ellipses representing a first portion of the received radar data; determining a blocking likelihood at a point of intersection between the plurality of first ellipses; generating a new or additional ellipse representing a second portion of the received radar data; and updating, based on generating the new or additional ellipse, the blocking likelihood at the point of intersection between the first plurality of ellipses.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 13/87 - Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
• G01S 13/04 - Systems determining presence of a target
• G01S 13/00 - Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
• G01S 13/46 - Indirect determination of position data
• G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section

Abstract

A method for forming a photovoltaic device includes forming a doped layer on a crystalline substrate, the doped layer having an opposite dopant conductivity as the substrate. A non-crystalline transparent conductive electrode (TCE) layer is formed on the doped layer at a temperature less than 150 degrees Celsius. The TCE layer is flash annealed to crystallize material of the TCE layer at a temperature above about 150 degrees Celsius for less than 10 seconds.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/0224 - Electrodes
• H01L 31/0747 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type comprising a AIVBIV heterojunction, e.g. Si/Ge, SiGe/Si or Si/SiC solar cells comprising a heterojunction of crystalline and amorphous materials, e.g. heterojunction with intrinsic thin layer or HIT® solar cells
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof

Abstract

A non-transferred arc plasma torch with a method for the generation of plasma jet at high temperatures are disclosed. The main constituents of the torch assembly are a multiple-arc-producing cathode, a coolant distributing cell and an adjustable anode. The cathode comprises primary and secondary annular rods pointing towards the anode. The primary rod is pointing towards the center of the anode and is higher in length and diameter than the secondary ones. The secondary rods are similar in length and width. An internal coolant distribution cell was designed for internal cooling of the rods. The anode was configured to allow external adjustment of the gap between the electrodes. The electrodes were mounted into a jacketed cylindrical housing consisting an internal path within the jacket for efficient recycling of the coolant. The system is initiated by forming multiple arcs between the cathode and the anode leading to the ionization of the forming plasma gas that passed continuously through the torch. Thus, the power efficiency of the torch enhanced and the lifetime of the electrodes increased. Eventually, a thermal plasma jet exits the torch through the anode nozzle.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05H 1/34 - Plasma torches using an arc - Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
• H05H 1/44 - Plasma torches using an arc using more than one torch
• H05H 1/28 - Cooling arrangements

Abstract

A 3D structure of the graphite-titanium-nanocomposite complex and a method of preparing the graphite-titanium-nanocomposite complex are disclosed. The Graphite-titanium-nanocomposite complex includes a metal core associated with the two phases, amine functionalized graphite, and amine functionalized titanium. The method of preparation includes amine functionalizing of graphite and titanium with coupling agents to produce amine functionalized titanium and graphite, further mixing with a metal ion solution for synthesizing an ion complex. Trisodium citrate solution and sodium borohydride solution is added to the ion complex to prepare a 3D structure of the graphite-titanium-nanocomposite complex, employed as a catalyst.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 32/21 - After-treatment
• B01J 31/02 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
• B01J 35/00 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
• B01J 21/18 - Carbon
• B82Y 40/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
• B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites

Abstract

A combination of a wind turbine blade with a flow separation control. The wind turbine blade includes a body with an upper surface and a lower surface that extend from a leading edge to a trailing edge. The flow separation control device includes a plurality of openings on the upper surface of the body.

IPC Classes  ?

• F03D 1/06 - Rotors

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing nanoparticles of zinc sulfide activated by silver and chlorine in an ecological furnace. The nanomaterial prepared according to the present invention is characterised in that it consists of spherical particles of zinc sulfide material having a nanostructure, the concentration of silver nitrate being 0.4 mg/g of zinc sulfide, giving efficiency and a luminescent glow. The luminescent glow of the silver-activated zinc sulfide was 67% of the luminescent glow of standard zinc sulfide material. The zinc sulfide prepared according to the present invention was also used to build a 610A-model radon cell. The efficiency of the new cell was 70% in comparison with the efficiency of a standard cell built using standard zinc sulfide material. The material prepared according to the invention has an excellent linear response to alpha particles with an energy of 5.48 million electronvolts, allowing the prepared material to be used in alpha-particle detectors and the measurement of radon gas concentration.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 11/61 - Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent, materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine or unspecified halogen elements
• G01T 1/17 - Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular type of detector
• G01T 1/20 - Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and method for water treatment. The system includes a flotator (1) chamber, a set of filtration membranes (2), a water source (3) for filtration, a micro-nano-bubbles (4) generator, a pump (5) for washing membranes, a filtrate tank (6), a filtrate (7) pump, sludge scraper (8), sludge tank (9). The flotation (1) chamber is connected via a pipeline (10) with a micro-nano-bubbles (4) generator, to which a pipeline (11) is connected and directed to a set of filtration membranes (2); and at least one of the pipelines (10) (11) is equipped with a pump (12). The method is based on the fact that water through the pipeline being the water source (3) is pumped into the flotator (1) chamber and then, via a pipeline (10), it is pumped to a micro-nano-bubbles (4) generator, where it is saturated with micro-nano-bubbles with a diameter of 1 to 50 micrometres and then through a pipeline (11) is pumped to a set of filtration membranes (2).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 61/04 - Feed pretreatment
• B01D 61/16 - Feed pretreatment
• B01D 61/58 - Multistep processes
• B01D 65/02 - Membrane cleaning or sterilisation
• C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
• C02F 1/24 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation

Abstract

A system for a multi-differential frequency shift reference, MD-FSR, ultra-wideband, UWB, radio that supports higher order modulation formats and performs optimal bit and power allocation is described.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 27/00 - Modulated-carrier systems
• H04L 27/38 - Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits

Abstract

The substance of the invention is the evaporative water desalination system, the method of preventing scale deposition in desalination system and usage of water saturated with micro- nano bubbles in evaporative desalination systems. The system according to the invention comprises the saline make-up water preparation tank (4) connected by the pipeline (12) equipped with the pumping system (14) with the evaporative desalination system (6) comprising the distillate discharge system (5) and the brine discharge system (7), comprising the gas source (1) connected by the pipeline (8) with the gas preparation station (2) connected by the pipeline (9) with MNB generator (3) connected with the pipeline (10) with the saline make-up water preparation station (4).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 3/34 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances
• C02F 5/00 - Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
• C02F 1/04 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation

Abstract

The subject of the invention is the apparatus and the method of adiabatic cooling of water and preventing the development of contaminations on the cooling tower heat exchanger, where the cooling tower comprises the fan system (17), the heat exchanger (5), the heat exchanger sprinkling system (3), the water discharge outlet (11) equipped with the valve (13), the water supply system with the pipeline (10) equipped with the pump (16), where the gas preparation station (1) is connected by the gas pipeline (6) with the micro-nano bubbles generator (2) which is connected to the water source (4) by the pipeline (12), where the micro-nano bubbles generator (2) is connected by the pipeline (7) with the cooling tower sprinkling system (3) and the heat exchanger (5) is coated with the negative zeta potential layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• F28D 3/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freel
• F28D 5/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, using the cooling effect of natural or forced evaporation in which the evaporating medium flows in a continuous film or trickles freely over the conduits
• F28F 19/02 - Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
• C02F 1/00 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

Coordinative alignment uses x-ray diffraction to precisely and unambiguously determine the structure of molecules bound or crystallized within chiral metal organic frameworks.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 5/06 - Aluminium compounds
• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
• G01N 23/2202 - Preparing specimens therefor
• B01J 20/22 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material

Abstract

Desalination system comprising of a heat source (1), absorption heat pump (2), block of effects (3), absorption chiller (16) specific by that the system comprises of at least one heat exchanger and the heat source (1) is connected to the absorption heat pump (2) through the heat-transfer medium pipeline comprising the supply pipeline (4a) and the return pipeline (4b) which connects the absorption chiller (16) with the heat source (1). The absorption chiller (16) is connected to the heat source (1) through the heat-transfer medium pipeline consisting of the supply pipeline (7a) and the return pipeline (7b). The absorption heat pump (2) is connected through the heating water pipeline consisting of the supply pipeline (5a) and the return pipeline (5b) to the first effect from the block of distillate production effects (3) and the absorption chiller (16) through the chilled water pipeline consisting of the supply pipeline (8a) and the return pipeline (8b) is connected with the last effect from the block of distillate production effects (3) and with the absorption heat pump (1) through the pipeline consisting of the supply pipeline (6a) and return pipeline (6b). The brine supply pipeline (11) is connected to the first effect from the block of distillate production effects (3). Desalinated water discharge pipeline (12) is connected with the last effect from the block of distillate production effects (3). Brine reject pipeline (13) is connected to the second to last effect from the block of distillate production effects (3).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 1/26 - Multiple-effect evaporating
• B01D 3/00 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
• C02F 1/04 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
• C02F 1/14 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
• B01D 1/00 - Evaporating

Abstract

The present disclosure generally relates to localization and, more particularly, to remote localization and radio-frequency identification using a combination of structural and antenna mode scattering responses. A method and system include receiving location data of an object from a plurality of transmitter-reader pairs (TRPs); generating a plurality of first ellipses representing the received location data; determining blocking likelihoods at points of intersection between the plurality of first ellipses; generating additional ellipses representing additional location data received from additional TRPs; and updating the blocking likelihoods at points of intersection between the plurality of first ellipses and the additional ellipses.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 24/00 - Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
• G01S 5/02 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
• G01S 5/12 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves by co-ordinating position lines of different shape, e.g. hyperbolic, circular, elliptical or radial
• G01S 13/87 - Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
• H04W 64/00 - Locating users or terminals for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
• H04L 29/08 - Transmission control procedure, e.g. data link level control procedure
• H04M 1/725 - Cordless telephones
• H04W 4/02 - Services making use of location information

Abstract

Combined desalinated water production system consisting of a heat source (1), absorption chiller (2), block of distillate production effects (3), cooling tower (4), characterized by the fact that the absorption chiller (2) is supplied with heat recovered from heat source (1) via a heating medium pipeline (5) connecting the absorption chiller (2) to the cogeneration system (1); the first distillate production effect (3a) of the MED block (3) is supplied with heat received from the absorption chiller (2) cooling system via a pipeline (6) connecting the absorption chiller (2) with the first distillate production effect (3a) where the pipeline (6) consists the supply pipeline (6a) and the return pipeline (6b); the condenser of the last distillate production effect (3n) is cooled by the chilled water produced by the absorption chiller (2), where the chilled water is supplied by a cold water pipeline (7) connecting the last distillate production effect (3n) with an absorption chiller (2), where the pipeline (7) consists of a supply pipeline (7a) and a return pipeline (7b); the brine is fed to the first distillate production effect (3a) through the brine pipeline (11) and concentrated brine is extracted from the last distillate production effect (3n) via the pipeline (12) and the desalinated water via the pipeline (14).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 1/26 - Multiple-effect evaporating
• C02F 1/04 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
• C02F 1/16 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using waste heat from other processes
• F25B 15/02 - Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-effect adsorption distillation system comprising of at least two distillate producing effects (2) connected to each other with liquid channels (3) and vapor channels (8) where the heat pump (1) is connected to distillate production effects (2) via a liquid channel (3) or a vapor channel (8) and a with heating water pipeline (9) with an adsorption device (5), and the adsorption device (5) is connected to the last distillate production effect (6) via a vapor channel (4).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 1/26 - Multiple-effect evaporating
• B01D 1/28 - Evaporating with vapour compression
• B01D 3/00 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
• B01D 3/06 - Flash distillation
• B01D 3/14 - Fractional distillation
• B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
• C02F 1/04 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation

Abstract

A protein functionalized anti-inflammatory nanoparticle and a method of preparing the protein functionalized anti-inflammatory nanoparticle is disclosed. The protein functionalized anti-inflammatory nanoparticle includes a central core comprising a hyaluronic acid coated chitosan nanoparticle and surface adsorbed anti-inflammatory proteins forming an outer shell around the central core, wherein the surface adsorbed anti-inflammatory protein is AGP (alpha-1-acid glycoprotein). The method of preparation includes dispersing chitosan nanoparticles in acetic acid/acetate buffer to produce a dispersion, adding an equal amount of acetate buffer containing hyaluronic acid under vigorous stirring to form hyaluronic coated chitosan nanoparticle (HA-CS) and functionalizing the hyaluronic coated chitosan nanoparticle with surface adsorbing anti-inflammatory protein AGP, to form the protein functionalized anti-inflammatory nanoparticle.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 9/51 - Nanocapsules
• A61K 47/61 - Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule the organic macromolecular compound being a polysaccharide or a derivative thereof
• A61K 47/69 - Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit
• A61K 38/00 - Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Abstract

This invention has two important disclosures. The first is a method for preparing a highly active silica-supported palladium catalyst. The second is the possibility of applying this method to synthesise different high-value amines using alcohol, nitroarenes and amines. The method is used in the preparation of particles of the present drugs/pharmaceuticals (benzylaniline). This catalyst is useful in a process for producing primary amines from alcohol and amines, which is considered a very difficult process.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 37/16 - Reducing
• B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
• B01J 23/44 - Palladium
• B01J 35/00 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
• C07C 209/16 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of hydroxy groups or of etherified or esterified hydroxy groups with formation of amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
• C07C 209/36 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of nitrogen-to-oxygen or nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds by reduction of nitro groups by reduction of nitro groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings

Abstract

The invention relates to a process of alcohol amination using aniline, which is considered an industrially important reaction. In particular, the invention relates to a process for preparing benzylaniline (N-benzylaniline) as a potential cytotoxin and miotic inhibiter acting by inhibition of tubulin polymerisation, which process is considered an important industrial chemical reaction. In addition, benzylanilines are widely used as reagents in the preparation of dyes and polymer materials.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 23/745 - Iron
• C07C 209/18 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of hydroxy groups or of etherified or esterified hydroxy groups with formation of amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings or from amines having nitrogen atoms bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• B01J 37/18 - Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
• B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
• C07C 209/16 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of hydroxy groups or of etherified or esterified hydroxy groups with formation of amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings

Abstract

The invention provide an application specific instruction-set processor (ASIP) that uses a Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW) for executing atomic application specific instructions. The ASIP includes one or more units for executing a first set of atomic application specific instructions for receiving a first set of data across a plurality of input data ports in a first operation specified in an instruction word. Further, the one or more units execute a second set of atomic application specific instructions for outputting a second set of data across a plurality of output data ports in a second operation specified in the instruction word, wherein an input data port of the plurality of input data ports and a corresponding output data port of the plurality of output data ports share a same address location and are specified as operands in the instruction word. Thus, the first operation and the second operation can occur simultaneously.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 15/78 - Architectures of general purpose stored program computers comprising a single central processing unit
• G06F 13/00 - Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
• G06F 9/30 - Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined system for the production of electricity, heat, cold and water, comprising a cogeneration system, an absorption chiller, a compressor chiller, a cooling tower, a district cooling system characterized in that the system comprises of a three-bed adsorption chiller (3AD) which in relation to a heat recovery from CHP unit is located behind the absorption chiller (AB) with which it is directly connected at least by the hot water pipeline and the chilled water pipeline.

IPC Classes  ?

• F01K 13/00 - General layout or general methods of operation, of complete steam engine plants
• F01K 15/00 - Adaptations of steam engine plants for special use
• F25B 17/08 - Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt

Abstract

The present invention relates to the distillation and crystallization of feed water. In particular, the present invention relates to the distillation and crystallization of industrial wastewater or saline or brackish water.. The present invention relates to both an apparatus and method for carrying out the distillation. In an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a distillation apparatus comprising: (a) an crystalliser for evaporating a feed water to produce water vapour; (b) adsorption means in vapour communication with the crystalliser for reversibly adsorbing the water vapour from the crystalliser; and (c) desorbing means for desorbing the adsorbed water vapour from the adsorption means, wherein the crystalliser evaporates the feed water under pressure that is substantially lower than atmospheric pressure to form a concentrated solution or slurry comprising crystallised solids.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 1/26 - Multiple-effect evaporating
• B01D 3/10 - Vacuum distillation
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption

Abstract

Polymer composites are provided, and more particularly, polymer composites of ground date pits disposed in a polymer matrix. The composites can be formed by a process of preparing reinforced polymer composites having a fibril melt fracture surface, including blending a mixture of date pit particulate with a thermoplastic polymer; melting the mixture; and forcing the melt through a die to produce the polymer composite having a fibril containing surface.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08K 11/00 - Use of ingredients of unknown constitution, e.g. undefined reaction products
• C08J 5/04 - Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
• C08L 23/06 - Polyethene
• C08L 25/06 - Polystyrene
• C08L 27/06 - Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
• C08L 77/00 - Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• C08L 99/00 - Compositions of natural macromolecular compounds or of derivatives thereof not provided for in groups  or
• C08K 5/00 - Use of organic ingredients
• C08L 69/00 - Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates

Abstract

The invention provides a method and system for dynamically generating a hint to recall a password for a user account of a user. The method for dynamically generating the hint to recall the password for the user account of the user includes the steps of receiving the password for the user account while the user inputs the password field of a login page. The password comprises a plurality of characters. The method, then, converts the password from the plain text to a hash value using a hash function. Thereafter, the method performs a modulo operation on the hash value to obtain an index pointing an object within an object library associated with the user. The method, then, displays, the object as the hint. The hint enables the user to create a mental association between the password and the object for the user account.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 21/46 - Structures or tools for the administration of authentication by designing passwords or checking the strength of passwords
• G06F 21/45 - Structures or tools for the administration of authentication
• H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol
• G06F 21/31 - User authentication
• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• G06F 17/30 - Information retrieval; Database structures therefor

Abstract

The invention provides a method and system for generating a message authentication code (MAC) for authenticating a message and for verifying the integrity and authenticity of the message. The method for generating the MAC for authenticating the message includes the step of compressing the message to generate a fixed-size residue of the message. The fixed-size residue of the message is computed from the message modulo a divisor. The method, then, multiplies the fixed-size residue of the message by an authentication key. Thereafter, the method computes an authentication tag for the message by encrypting the fixed-size residue of the message utilizing a semantically secure encryption algorithm. The method, then, transmits both the message and the authentication tag of the message from a sender computing device to a receiver computing device where the method verifies the integrity and authenticity of the message using the authentication key.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol
• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• H04L 9/06 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for blockwise coding, e.g. D.E.S. systems

Abstract

A planar multi-layer assembly method fabricates a dual frequency, dual polarization phased-array antenna. A plurality of vias make up an array of double-walled wells which are connected to a ground plane. A shorted annular ring patch antenna (SARPA) is deposited at the top of each double-walled well. Fabricated coaxially and parallel to each SARPA, is an array of circular patch antennas (CPA). The inner wall of each double-walled well improves isolation of the CPA signals from the SARPA signals. Each SARPA of the array is connected to a pair of first frequency band signal vias and the CPA is coupled to a pair of second frequency band signal vias. Within each frequency band, a plurality of signal phases enable steerable polarized antenna beams.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 9/04 - Resonant antennas
• H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
• H01Q 9/06 - Resonant antennas - Details
• H01Q 3/26 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
• G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
• H01Q 1/28 - Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons

Abstract

An energy harvesting device includes: a substrate; a plurality of split-ring resonators (SRRs) on the substrate configured to generate a voltage based on receiving incident light waves; and a transmission line electrically coupled to the plurality of SRRs, the transmission line being configured to transmit the generated voltage to an external system.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 13/20 - Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
• H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
• H01Q 1/24 - Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set

Abstract

Methods of direct growth of high quality group III-V and group III-N based materials and semiconductor device structures in the form of nanowires, planar thin film, and nanowires-based devices on metal substrates are presented. The present compound semiconductor all-metal scheme greatly simplifies the fabrication process of high power light emitters overcoming limited thermal and electrical conductivity of nanowires grown on silicon substrates and metal thin film in prior art. In an embodiment the methods include: (i) providing a metal substrate; (ii) forming a transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) layer on a surface of the metal substrate; and (iii) growing a semiconductor epilayer on the transition metal dichalcogenide layer using a semiconductor epitaxy growth system. In an embodiment, the semiconductor device structures can be compound semiconductors in contact with a layer of metal dichalcogenide, wherein the layer of metal dichalcogenide is in contact with a metal substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/20 - Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth

Abstract

A current reference generator includes a first voltage reference configured to generate a first current through a first resistor; a second voltage reference configured to generate a second current; a first current mirror configured to subtract the second current from the first current to generate a temperature invariant current; a third voltage reference configured to generate a third current via a second resistor; and a second current mirror configured to: subtract the temperature invariant current from the third current to produce a process-temperature invariant current, and output the process-temperature invariant current.

IPC Classes  ?

• G05F 3/20 - Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices using diode-transistor combinations
• G05F 3/26 - Current mirrors

Abstract

An apparatus consisting of hierarchically elaborated antenna modules is calibrated by steps. Although the AWV can be calculated mathematically based on the required phase shift values of each antenna element for a beam direction to compensate for signal delay. However, in practice, due to hardware implementation imperfection, coupling in signal path for each antenna element within hardware, inaccuracies of implementations, physical misalignment, the mathematically generated AWV does not necessarily provide alignment between transmit beam and receive beam. This subset is sufficient is all practical operation. The subset of AWVs are typically called codebook and the receiver beam points to different direction by using a AWV within the codebook.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 3/00 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
• H01Q 3/26 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
• H01Q 3/02 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole

Abstract

The invention provides a process for separating one or more hydrocarbons from a gaseous mixture of hydrocarbons, which gaseous mixture comprises: (a) one or more first hydrocarbons selected from alkanes and alkenes, and (b) one or more further hydrocarbons which are selected from alkanes and alkenes and are other than the one or more first hydrocarbons, which process comprises: contacting the gaseous mixture with an extractant suitable for extracting the one or more first hydrocarbons, which extractant comprises a polar solvent; and thereby forming: (i) a first phase comprising the extractant and the one or more first hydrocarbons; and (ii) a second phase comprising said gaseous mixture having a reduced content of the one or more first hydrocarbons.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10L 3/10 - Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
• B01D 3/40 - Extractive distillation
• B01D 53/40 - Acidic components
• C07C 7/08 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds by extractive distillation
• C07C 7/10 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by extraction, i.e. purification or separation of liquid hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
• C07C 7/11 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by absorption, i.e. purification or separation of gaseous hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
• C10G 70/04 - Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups , , , , by physical processes
• C10G 70/06 - Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups , , , , by physical processes by gas-liquid contact

Abstract

A method for an automated text-evaluation service, and more particularly a method and apparatus for automatically evaluating text and returning a score which represents a degree of inappropriate language. The method is implemented in a computer infrastructure having computer executable code tangibly embodied in a computer readable storage medium having programming instructions. The programming instructions are configured to: receive an input text which comprises an unstructured message at a first computing device; process the input text according to a string-structure similarity measure which compares each word of the input text to a predefined dictionary to indicate whether there is similarity in meaning, and generate an evaluation score for each word of the input text and send the evaluation score to another computing device. The evaluation score for each input message is based on the string-structure similarity measure between each word of the input text and the predefined dictionary.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 17/27 - Automatic analysis, e.g. parsing, orthograph correction
• G06F 17/30 - Information retrieval; Database structures therefor
• G06F 17/22 - Manipulating or registering by use of codes, e.g. in sequence of text characters
• G06N 3/08 - Learning methods

Abstract

Pharmaceutical complexes composed of drug molecules entrapped in cyclodextrin-based MOFs (CD-MOFs) are provided. Pharmaceutical tablets incorporating crystals of the pharmaceutical complexes for oral administration to a patient are also provided. In addition, methods of making the pharmaceutical complexes using anion-exchange reactions and methods of making the pharmaceutical complexes based on the co-crystallization of the drug molecules with cyclodextrin are provided. The pharmaceutical complexes include a CD-MOF and deprotonated drug anions associated with alkali metal cations in the CD-MOF superstructure.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 31/616 - Salicylic acid; Derivatives thereof having the hydroxy group in position 2 esterified, e.g. salicylsulfuric acid by carboxylic acids, e.g. acetylsalicylic acid
• A61K 31/192 - Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having aromatic groups, e.g. sulindac, 2-aryl-propionic acids, ethacrynic acid
• A61K 47/69 - Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit

Abstract

Pharmaceutical complexes composed of drug molecules entrapped in cyclodextrin-based MOFs (CD-MOFs) are provided. Pharmaceutical tablets incorporating crystals of the pharmaceutical complexes for oral administration to a patient are also provided. In addition, methods of making the pharmaceutical complexes using anion-exchange reactions and methods of making the pharmaceutical complexes based on the co-crystallization of the drug molecules with cyclodextrin are provided. The pharmaceutical complexes include a CD-MOF and deprotonated drug anions associated with alkali metal cations in the CD-MOF superstructure.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08B 37/16 - Cyclodextrin; Derivatives thereof
• B01J 20/22 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material

Abstract

A gate bias circuit for a plurality of GaAs amplifier stages is a transistor coupled to a temperature compensation current received from a CMOS control stage. A plurality of pHEMPT amplifier stages are coupled to the gate bias circuit and to a control voltage which switches the amplifier stage. A selectively controlled stage pass transistor enables a current mirror between the gate bias circuit and each stage amplifying transistor. The penultimate pHEMPT amplifier stage is coupled to a CMOS amplifier. A CMOS circuit provides both the temperature compensation current by a proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) circuit and the control voltage enabling each pHEMPT transistor to receive its input signal in combination with the gate bias voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03F 1/26 - Modifications of amplifiers to reduce influence of noise generated by amplifying elements
• H03F 1/02 - Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
• H03F 1/52 - Circuit arrangements for protecting such amplifiers
• H03F 3/21 - Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
• H03F 3/193 - High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only with field-effect devices

Abstract

Example apparatuses are provided for simultaneous generation of high intensity light and modulated light signals at low modulation bias operating characteristics. An example apparatus includes a semipolar or nonpolar GaN-based substrate, a reverse- biased waveguide modulator section, and a forward-biased gain section based on InGaN/GaN quantum-well active regions, wherein the forward-biased gain section is grown on the semipolar or nonpolar GaN-based substrate. Methods of manufacturing the apparatuses described herein are also contemplated and described herein.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01S 5/026 - Monolithically integrated components, e.g. waveguides, monitoring photo-detectors or drivers
• H01S 5/32 - Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- hetero-structures
• H01S 5/343 - Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser
• H01S 5/00 - Semiconductor lasers

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multilayered system having a multilayer structure comprising a substrate (1) being transparent for at least one wavelength in the range of visible wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, a first coating layer (2) for blocking radiation in the ultraviolet wavelength range of electromagnetic radiation and comprising at least zinc oxide and a second coating layer (3) for blocking radiation in the infrared wavelength range of electromagnetic radiation and comprising at least one of a transparent conductive oxide being transparent in the range of visible wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation. The present invention relates further to a method for producing such a multilayered system.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02B 5/20 - Filters
• C03C 17/36 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
• G02B 1/11 - Anti-reflection coatings

Abstract

Interlaced bi-sensor super-resolution enhancement techniques and a resultant scalable pixel array suitable for a mega-pixel design are disclosed. The method includes interlacing a first array of pixels of a first size with a second array of pixels of a second size. The interlacing of the first array of pixels with the second array of pixels avoids crossing two or more photosensitive areas of the first array of pixels and the second array of pixels.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 17/50 - Computer-aided design
• H04N 5/369 - SSIS architecture; Circuitry associated therewith
• H01L 27/146 - Imager structures
• G06T 3/40 - Scaling of a whole image or part thereof
• H04N 5/225 - Television cameras
• H04N 5/347 - Extracting pixel data from an image sensor by controlling scanning circuits, e.g. by modifying the number of pixels having been sampled or to be sampled by combining or binning pixels in SSIS

Abstract

Interlaced bi-sensor super-resolution enhancement techniques and a resultant scalable pixel array suitable for a mega-pixel design are disclosed. The method includes interlacing a first array of pixels of a first size with a second array of pixels of a second size. The interlacing of the first array of pixels with the second array of pixels avoids crossing two or more photosensitive areas of the first array of pixels and the second array of pixels.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 17/50 - Computer-aided design
• H04N 5/369 - SSIS architecture; Circuitry associated therewith
• H01L 27/146 - Imager structures
• G06T 3/40 - Scaling of a whole image or part thereof
• H04N 5/225 - Television cameras
• H04N 5/347 - Extracting pixel data from an image sensor by controlling scanning circuits, e.g. by modifying the number of pixels having been sampled or to be sampled by combining or binning pixels in SSIS

Abstract

The invention provides a process for producing one or more hydrocarbons from methanol, which process comprises contacting a composition which comprises methanol, at least one alkene and at least one organosulfur compound, with a solid acid catalyst. The composition which comprises methanol, at least one alkene and at least one organosulfur compound may be one which has been obtained by: (a) contacting gasoline obtainable by a fluid catalytic cracking process (FCC gasoline), which gasoline comprises at least one alkene and at least one organosulfur compound, with an extraction solvent suitable for extracting alkenes and organosulfur compounds, which extraction solvent comprises said methanol, and thereby forming: (i) a first phase comprising said extraction solvent which comprises said methanol, at least one extracted alkene, and at least one extracted organosulfur compound, and (ii) a second phase comprising gasoline having a reduced alkene content and a reduced organosulfur content compared to said gasoline obtainable by a fluid catalytic cracking process; and (b) recovering at least part of the first phase for use as the composition.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids

Abstract

A UART device includes a glue logic configured to receive data from either a computer processing unit (CPU) interface of the UART device or from a receiver interface of the UART device; determine whether the data was received from the CPU interface or the receiver interface; and add a most significant bit (MSB) to the data. A value of the MSB is based on whether the data was received from the CPU interface or the receiver interface. The UART device may write the data with the added MSB to a data buffering and storage component.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 27/00 - Modulated-carrier systems
• H04Q 11/00 - Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems

Abstract

Systems and methods of facial recognition of non-occluded or non-obstructed faces is provided. The method includes generating a skin mask based on an occluded image of an individual and removing occluded areas for the occluded image using the skin mask so that skin areas remain. The method further includes generating a correlation filter based on the occluded image. The method further includes applying the skin mask and correlation filter to a non-occluded input image of an individual. The method further includes generating a correlation output based on applying the skin mask and correlation filter to the non-occluded input image. The correlation output may indicate a likelihood that the second individual in the non-occluded input image is of the first individual in the occluded image.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints
• G06K 9/52 - Extraction of features or characteristics of the image by deriving mathematical or geometrical properties from the whole image
• G06K 9/62 - Methods or arrangements for recognition using electronic means

Abstract

The invention provides a process for producing hydrogen, which process comprises exposing a composition to electromagnetic radiation, which composition comprises at least one organic compound and a catalyst, wherein the at least one organic compound is selected from: hydrocarbons and compounds which comprise a hydrocarbyl group, and the catalyst comprises: a metal in elemental form; a metal compound other than a metal oxide; a non- metal in elemental form selected from B, C, Si, P, Ge, As, Sb and Te; or an inorganic compound of said non-metal other than an oxide of the non-metal. Compositions as defined above are also provided, as are uses of the compositions as hydrogen storage materials or for generating hydrogen. An electromagnetic activation system suitable for the rapid production of hydrogen from hydrocarbons is also provided, which system comprises: a reactor comprising a reaction cavity, which reactor is configured to receive, in the reaction cavity, a composition to be decomposed, and is configured to deliver hydrogen; and a source of electromagnetic radiation, suitable for exposing a composition in the reaction cavity to electromagnetic radiation and thereby effecting decomposition of the composition to produce hydrogen. Further provided is the use of electromagnetic activation system of the invention as defined above for generating hydrogen from a composition of the invention as defined above. A system for generating hydrogen is also provided, comprising (a) a composition of the invention; and (b) a source of electromagnetic radiation, for exposing the composition to electromagnetic radiation and thereby effecting decomposition of the at least one organic compound to produce hydrogen.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 19/12 - Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
• C01B 3/26 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using catalysts

Abstract

A computing device for correcting data errors may receive data stored by a memory device; calculate a syndrome associated with the data; initiate a calculation of error correction information for the data based on the syndrome; search for the error correction information in a cache based on the syndrome; discontinue the calculation of the error correction information when the error correction information is found in the cache before the error correction information is calculated; and correct an error associated with the data using the error correction information from the cache.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03M 13/00 - Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
• G06F 11/10 - Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out nines or elevens
• H03M 13/15 - Cyclic codes, i.e. cyclic shifts of codewords produce other codewords, e.g. codes defined by a generator polynomial, Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem [BCH] codes
• G11C 29/52 - Protection of memory contents; Detection of errors in memory contents

Abstract

An approach includes a method implemented in a computer infrastructure having computer executable code tangibly embodied in a computer readable storage medium having programming instructions. The approach further includes the programming instructions configured to receive a bilingual text which comprises a first set of characters in a Latin-based language and a second set of characters in a non Latin-based language. The approach further includes the programming instructions configured to convert the second set of characters in the non Latin-based language in the bilingual text to a third set of characters in the Latin-based language based on a lookup table. The approach further includes the programming instructions configured to add a prefix character and a postfix character to each converted word in the third set of characters. The approach further includes the programming instructions configured to output an encoded representation of the bilingual text.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 17/28 - Processing or translating of natural language
• G06F 17/22 - Manipulating or registering by use of codes, e.g. in sequence of text characters

Abstract

A periodically-rippled patch antenna structure with metal coated trenches only along one in-plane direction or in two perpendicular in-plane directions on a dielectric substrate and ground plane and methods of fabricating the antenna radiating elements are provided. An optional layer of oxide or nitride can be placed between the substrate and metal layers as an insulation layer. This use of trenches allows for miniaturization of the patch antenna as well as dual-band degeneracy. When a square 1D rippled patch antenna is excited by a microstrip line connected along the ripples, the effective length is longer than with a line orthogonal to the ripples enabling dual mode degeneracy and antennas working at two distinct frequencies of operation.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
• H01Q 9/04 - Resonant antennas
• H01Q 9/06 - Resonant antennas - Details

Abstract

Provided herein are systems and devices comprising rigid macrocyclic and nanoporous compositions of electronically coupled naphthalenediimide redox-active units and methods of preparation and use thereof, for example, in the field of energy generation and storage.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/60 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of organic compounds
• H01M 4/137 - Electrodes based on electro-active polymers
• H01M 4/66 - Selection of materials
• H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
• H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
• H01M 10/052 - Li-accumulators

Abstract

A light concentrating optic for use with a photovoltaic device includes a light pipe having a first end portion for receiving light and a second end portion for outputting concentrated light. An optical element is coupled to the light pipe on the first end portion and configured to form an optical interface between the light pipe and the optical element. The optical element includes at least one light transmitting surface configured to redirect incident light entering the optical element to disperse the light to fall incident on side walls of the light pipe to increase homogeneity and intensity of light through the second end portion.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/0232 - Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
• H01L 31/054 - Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
• G02B 6/42 - Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements

Abstract

A handle substrate having at least one metallization region is provided on a stressor layer that is located above a base substrate such that the at least one metallization region is in contact with a surface of the stressor layer. An upper portion of the base substrate is spalled, i.e., removed, to provide a structure comprising, from bottom to top, a spalled material portion of the base substrate, the stressor layer and the handle substrate containing the at least one metallization region in contact with the surface of the stressor layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/46 - Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups
• H05K 1/02 - Printed circuits - Details
• H05K 1/09 - Use of materials for the metallic pattern
• H05K 1/11 - Printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits

Abstract

Super-resolution of dynamic scenes using sampling rate diversity, processes and systems thereof are provided. The method implementing the processes includes: in a first stage, super-resolving secondary low-resolution (LR) images using a set of primary LR images to create LR dictionaries to represent polyphase components (PPCs) of high resolution (HR) patches of images; and, in a second stage, reverting to a single frame super-resolution (SR) applied to each frame which comprises an entire image, using the HR dictionaries extracted from the super-resolved sequence obtain in the first stage.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06K 9/32 - Aligning or centering of the image pick-up or image-field
• H04N 7/01 - Conversion of standards
• G06K 9/62 - Methods or arrangements for recognition using electronic means
• G06T 5/00 - Image enhancement or restoration
• G06T 5/50 - Image enhancement or restoration by the use of more than one image, e.g. averaging, subtraction
• H04N 7/015 - High-definition television systems
• G06T 3/40 - Scaling of a whole image or part thereof
• G06T 7/70 - Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras
• G06T 7/246 - Analysis of motion using feature-based methods, e.g. the tracking of corners or segments
• G06T 7/277 - Analysis of motion involving stochastic approaches, e.g. using Kalman filters

Abstract

Methods for removing a material layer from a base substrate utilizing spalling in which mode III stress, i.e., the stress that is perpendicular to the fracture front created in the base substrate, during spalling is reduced. The substantial reduction of the mode III stress during spalling results in a spalling process in which the spalled material has less surface roughness at one of its' edges as compared to prior art spalling processes in which the mode III stress is present and competes with spalling.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/30 - Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups
• H01L 21/304 - Mechanical treatment, e.g. grinding, polishing, cutting
• B26F 3/00 - Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor
• H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
• C30B 33/06 - Joining of crystals
• H01L 21/3205 - Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers, on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
• H01L 21/321 - After-treatment
• H01L 21/285 - Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation

Abstract

Nano-porous corundum ceramics and methods of manufacture are disclosed. The method of forming nano-porous corundum ceramics includes milling corundum powder in aqueous slurry with beads. The method further includes processing the slurry by a liquid shaping process to form a gelled body. The method further includes sintering the gelled body between 600° C. to 1000° C.

IPC Classes  ?

• C04B 35/111 - Fine ceramics
• C04B 38/00 - Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
• C04B 35/626 - Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches
• C04B 38/06 - Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances
• B28B 11/24 - Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped articles for curing, setting or hardening

Abstract

High strength transparent corundum ceramics using corundum powder and methods of manufacture are disclosed. The method of forming transparent corundum ceramics includes milling corundum powder in aqueous slurry with beads. The method further includes processing the slurry by a liquid shaping process to form a gelled body. The method further includes sintering the gelled body in air and pressing the gelled body by hot isostatic pressing to form a ceramic body.

IPC Classes  ?

• C04B 35/115 - Translucent or transparent products
• C04B 35/626 - Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches
• C04B 35/645 - Pressure sintering
• C01F 7/02 - Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates

Abstract

High strength transparent corundum ceramics using corundum powder and methods of manufacture are disclosed. The method of forming transparent corundum ceramics includes milling corundum powder in aqueous slurry with beads. The method further includes processing the slurry by a liquid shaping process to form a gelled body. The method further includes sintering the gelled body in air and pressing the gelled body by hot isostatic pressing to form a ceramic body.

IPC Classes  ?

• C04B 35/115 - Translucent or transparent products
• C04B 35/626 - Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches
• C04B 35/645 - Pressure sintering
• C01F 7/02 - Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates

Abstract

A cluster of non-collapsed nanowires, a template to produce the same, methods to obtain the template and to obtain the cluster by using the template, and devices having the cluster. The cluster and the template both have an interconnected region and an interconnection-free region.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25D 1/20 - Separation of the formed objects from the electrodes
• C25D 1/00 - Electroforming
• B82Y 10/00 - Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
• B82Y 40/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
• H01L 29/66 - Types of semiconductor device
• H01L 29/06 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions
• H01L 29/10 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode not carrying current to be rectified, amplified, or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
• H01L 29/41 - Electrodes characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions
• C25D 11/04 - Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
• H01B 1/02 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
• H01B 5/00 - Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
• H01M 4/66 - Selection of materials
• H01M 4/70 - Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
• H01M 4/131 - Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
• H01M 10/052 - Li-accumulators
• H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
• C25D 3/12 - Electroplating; Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
• C25D 11/24 - Chemical after-treatment
• C25D 11/00 - Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers

Abstract

Interlaced bi-sensor super-resolution enhancement techniques and a resultant scalable pixel array suitable for a mega-pixel design are disclosed. The method includes interlacing a first array of pixels of a first size with a second array of pixels of a second size. The interlacing of the first array of pixels with the second array of pixels avoids crossing two or more photosensitive areas of the first array of pixels and the second array of pixels.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 17/50 - Computer-aided design
• H04N 5/369 - SSIS architecture; Circuitry associated therewith
• H01L 27/146 - Imager structures
• G06T 3/40 - Scaling of a whole image or part thereof
• H04N 5/225 - Television cameras
• H04N 5/347 - Extracting pixel data from an image sensor by controlling scanning circuits, e.g. by modifying the number of pixels having been sampled or to be sampled by combining or binning pixels in SSIS

Abstract

Systems and methods for generating plasma are disclosed. A system for generating a plasma includes a helicon plasma source and an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma source structured and arranged together to generate a plasma in a tube.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05H 13/00 - Magnetic resonance accelerators; Cyclotrons
• H05H 1/46 - Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
• H01J 37/32 - Gas-filled discharge tubes
• H01J 37/18 - Vacuum locks
• H01J 37/244 - Detectors; Associated components or circuits therefor

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for producing gasoline having a reduced alkene content and a reduced organosulfur content. The process of the invention comprises contacting gasoline obtainable by a fluid catalytic cracking process, which gasoline comprises at least one alkene and at least one organosulfur compound, with an extraction solvent suitable for extracting alkenes and organosulfur compounds,which extraction solvent comprises a polar organic solvent, and thereby forming (i) a first phase comprising said extraction solvent, at least one extracted alkene, and at least one extracted organosulfur compound, and (ii) a second phase comprising gasoline having a reduced alkene content and a reduced organosulfur content compared to said gasoline obtainable by a fluid catalytic cracking process. A process for producing one or more further organic compounds is also provided, which process comprises: (a) providing a recovered first phase from the above process, and (b) performing a reaction on at least part of the recovered first phase to produce one or more further organic compounds. A composition, an apparatus and the use of an extraction solvent are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 21/16 - Oxygen-containing compounds
• C10G 21/12 - Organic compounds only

Abstract

Organoclay is used as an alternative emulsifier and reinforcing agent to enhance the strength of emulsified polymeric gel aqueous solutions and form water in oil emulsions. The stability of the emulsion can be controlled by controlling salinity and the intensity of initial mixing. The new system can be used for water shut-off treatments as well as a relative permeability modifier in high water permeability zones. In addition, the system can tolerate salts much better than classical surfactants. This system will be appropriate for wellbores having high temperature (>85° C.) with harsh environmental conditions.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 43/16 - Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
• C09K 8/506 - Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
• C09K 8/512 - Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds containing cross-linking agents
• C09K 8/516 - Compositions for plastering borehole walls, i.e. compositions for temporary consolidation of borehole walls characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. encapsulated material

Abstract

A batch mixer is equipped with a plunger for pushing material from the batch mixer. The batch mixer includes a mixer tank structured to accommodate material. The mixer further includes a mixer head comprising at least one blade structured to blend the material within the mixer tank. The mixer further includes a plunger mechanism structured to push the blended material directly from the mixer tank.

IPC Classes  ?

• B29C 47/54 - using press rams or pistons
• B29C 47/60 - Screws
• B29C 47/38 - using screws
• B29B 7/16 - Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with paddles or arms
• B29B 7/26 - Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for discharging, e.g. doors
• B01F 7/18 - Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a vertical axis with paddles or arms
• B01F 15/02 - Feed or discharge mechanisms
• B29C 47/00 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor (extrusion blow-moulding B29C 49/04)
• B01F 3/04 - Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed gases or vapours with liquids
• B01F 3/08 - Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
• B01F 3/12 - Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed liquids with solids
• B01F 3/18 - Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed solid with solids
• B01F 7/00 - Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
• B01F 15/00 - Accessories for mixers
• B29B 7/00 - Mixing; Kneading
• B29B 7/80 - Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
• B29C 47/12 - Extrusion nozzles or dies
• B01F 7/16 - Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a vertical axis
• B29B 7/14 - Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
• B29C 47/10 - Feeding the material to the extruder
• B29K 105/16 - Fillers
• B29K 101/00 - Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material 
• B29L 31/00 - Other particular articles

Abstract

An extruder is disclosed, and more particularly, to an integrated single screw extruder and a twin screw extruder for mixing, compounding, kneading and/or extruding of materials. The integrated extruder includes a first barrel assembly and a second barrel assembly. The integrated extruder further includes a first screw having a first threaded portion and a second threaded portion. The first threaded portion is housed within the first barrel assembly and is configured to provide upstream material processing. The second threaded portion is housed within the second barrel assembly and is configured to provide downstream material processing. The integrated extruder further includes a second screw having a non-threaded shaft portion and a threaded portion. The threaded portion of the second screw is housed within the second barrel assembly and is configured to provide the downstream material processing with the second threaded portion of the first screw.

IPC Classes  ?

• B29B 7/34 - Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
• B29C 47/60 - Screws
• B29B 7/42 - Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
• B29C 47/50 - using at least two screws, one after the other, e.g. multi-stage plasticisers
• B29C 47/66 - Barrels or cylinders
• B29C 47/08 - Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
• B29B 7/46 - Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
• B29B 7/48 - Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
• B29C 47/36 - Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
• B29C 47/40 - using at least two intermeshing screws
• B01F 7/08 - Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with helices
• B01F 15/02 - Feed or discharge mechanisms
• B01F 15/06 - Heating or cooling systems
• B29C 47/64 - having incorporated mixing devices

Abstract

2-adsorption, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
• B01J 23/06 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of zinc, cadmium or mercury
• B01J 20/00 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
• B01J 20/30 - Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating
• C10G 25/09 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents with moving sorbents or sorbents dispersed in the oil according to the "fluidised bed" technique
• C10G 25/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents

Abstract

A system and a method provide a photovoltaic system which regenerates the output characteristics of the photovoltaic at different ambient condition with high precision under all environmental conditions. The photovoltaic system includes a photovoltaic array, a buck/boost converter, a DC link capacitor to connect the buck/booster converter to a load/inverter, an adaptive network-based fuzzy inference maximum power point tracking controller, a voltage control loop, a proportional integral controller to maintain the output voltage of the photovoltaic array to the reference voltage by adjusting the duty ratio of buck/boost converter.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 1/00 - Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
• H02M 3/00 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
• H02J 1/04 - Constant-current supply systems
• G05B 17/02 - Systems involving the use of models or simulators of said systems electric
• G05F 1/67 - Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
• G06F 17/50 - Computer-aided design

Abstract

An optical rotation sensor includes a Fabry Perot laser having an active gain medium for generating first and second light beams, a closed optical path through which the first and second light beams counter-propagate and first and second mirrors coupled to respective ends of the closed optical path. The first mirror is a ring mirror having a complex valued reflectivity that varies with a rotation rate of a frame within which the optical rotation sensor is placed. A detector is coupled to an output of the Fabry Perot laser to measure an output intensity thereof.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01C 19/68 - Lock-in prevention

Abstract

An optical rotation sensor includes a Fabry Perot laser having an active gain medium for generating first and second light beams, a closed optical path through which the first and second light beams counter-propagate and first and second mirrors coupled to respective ends of the closed optical path. The first minor is a ring mirror having a complex valued reflectivity that varies with a rotation rate of a frame within which the optical rotation sensor is placed. A detector is coupled to an output of the Fabry Perot laser to measure an output intensity thereof.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01C 19/72 - Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
• G01C 19/66 - Ring laser gyrometers
• G01C 19/68 - Lock-in prevention

Abstract

A process for the preparation of thermal insulation sheets fashioned from certain unseparated mixtures of post-consumer plastic articles and the article, itself, is disclosed. The mixtures of such articles contain polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polystyrene (PS) and optionally also articles made of high density polyethylene (HDPE). An unseparated mixture of such articles is provided. This mixture is crushed and shredded to form plastic flakes, and these plastic flakes are then homogenized. Homogenization of the flakes can be carried out either by melt-blending them or by further comminution to produce very fine particles of the mixed plastics. The resulting homogenized mixture of plastic types is then compression molded into sheets ranging in thickness from about 3 to 10 mm.

IPC Classes  ?

• B32B 27/08 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin of a different kind
• B29B 17/00 - Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
• C08L 25/06 - Polystyrene
• B32B 7/02 - Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
• B32B 27/32 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
• B32B 27/36 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin comprising polyesters
• E04B 1/78 - Heat insulating elements
• F16L 59/02 - Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
• B29K 25/00 - Use of polymers of vinyl-aromatic compounds as moulding material
• B29K 67/00 - Use of polyesters as moulding material
• E04B 1/74 - Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls

Abstract

A method and adsorbent composition for removing heavy metals from contaminated water, comprising passing a stream of water having a concentration of one or more heavy metals through an adsorbent comprising granules of a mixture of from about 1 wt % to about 15 wt % clay and a thermoplastic polymer matrix; and collecting water having a reduced concentration of said heavy metal(s) downstream of said adsorbent.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/26 - Synthetic macromolecular compounds
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• B01J 20/12 - Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
• B01J 20/30 - Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating
• B01J 20/32 - Impregnating or coating
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
• C02F 101/20 - Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds

Abstract

A batch mixer is equipped with a plunger for pushing material from the batch mixer. The batch mixer includes a mixer tank structured to accommodate material. The mixer further includes a mixer head comprising at least one blade structured to blend the material within the mixer tank. The mixer further includes a plunger mechanism structured to push the blended material directly from the mixer tank.

IPC Classes  ?

• B29B 7/80 - Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
• B01F 15/00 - Accessories for mixers
• B01F 7/16 - Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a vertical axis
• B29B 7/00 - Mixing; Kneading
• B29C 47/38 - using screws
• B29B 7/16 - Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with paddles or arms
• B29B 7/26 - Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for discharging, e.g. doors
• B01F 7/18 - Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a vertical axis with paddles or arms
• B01F 15/02 - Feed or discharge mechanisms
• B29C 47/00 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor (extrusion blow-moulding B29C 49/04)
• B01F 3/04 - Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed gases or vapours with liquids
• B01F 3/08 - Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
• B01F 3/12 - Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed liquids with solids
• B01F 3/18 - Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed solid with solids
• B01F 7/00 - Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
• B29C 47/12 - Extrusion nozzles or dies
• B29C 47/54 - using press rams or pistons
• B29C 47/60 - Screws
• B29B 7/14 - Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
• B29C 47/10 - Feeding the material to the extruder
• B29K 105/16 - Fillers
• B29K 101/00 - Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material 
• B29L 31/00 - Other particular articles

Abstract

The sand and dust storm detection method utilizes a hybrid design of a sand and dust storm detection system (SDSDS) having a wireless sensor network (WSN) and a satellite imaging system that detects sand and dust storm events of all types. A layered architecture of context-aware middleware is used. While the WSN provides real time data from the area of interest, near-real time METEOSAT MSG images are obtained from the METEOSAT web site.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01W 1/10 - Devices for predicting weather conditions
• G01W 1/02 - Instruments for indicating weather conditions by measuring two or more variables, e.g. humidity, pressure, temperature, cloud cover or wind speed
• G01W 1/00 - Meteorology

Abstract

Preservation of quantum entanglement in a two-qubit system is achieved by use of the disclosed systems. Three different example two-qubit systems are shown: (1) a system employing a weak measurement, (2) a system in which a generalized amplitude dampening occurs without use of a weak measurement, and (3) an extended system in which the system is prepared in a more robust state less susceptible to decoherence prior to a generalized amplitude dampening.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
• B82Y 10/00 - Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
• G06N 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

Abstract

A two-axes MEMS magnetometer includes, in one plane, a freestanding rectangular frame having inner walls and four torsion springs, wherein opposing inner walls of the frame are contacted by one end of only two torsion springs, each torsion spring being anchored by its other end, towards the center of the frame, to a substrate. In operation, the magnetometer measures the magnetic field in two orthogonal sensing modes using differential capacitance measurements.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 33/02 - Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
• G01R 33/028 - Electrodynamic magnetometers
• G01R 15/24 - Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices
• G01R 33/00 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
• G06F 17/50 - Computer-aided design
• G01V 3/08 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
• G01V 3/40 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation specially adapted for measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth

Abstract

The resonance fluorescence spectrum of a number of two-level atoms is driven by a gradient coherent laser field. In the weak dipole-dipole interaction region (separation less than λ/50), a very strong laser field may be applied such that the Rabi frequency is much larger than the dipole-dipole interaction energy. From the spectrum, the positions of each atom may be determined by just a few measurements. This sub-wavelength microscopy scheme is entirely based on far-field technique and it does not require point-by-point scanning, which makes the method more time-efficient. When two atoms are very close to each other (less than λ/50), the position information for each atom may still be obtained with very high accuracy provided that they are not too close to other atoms. The method may be extended to an arbitrarily large region without requiring more peak laser power and only a few measurements are required.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 21/64 - Fluorescence; Phosphorescence

Abstract

An extruder is disclosed, and more particularly, a twin screw extruder for mixing, compounding, kneading and/or extruding of materials. The twin screw extruder includes a barrel assembly having a housing. The twin screw extruder further includes a first screw provided within the housing and comprising threads. The twin screw extruder further includes a second screw provided within the housing and comprising a threaded portion and a shaft portion devoid of threads. A drive system which drives the first screw and the second screw.

IPC Classes  ?

• B29C 47/80 - at plasticising zone
• B01F 7/24 - Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a vertical axis with helices
• B29B 7/48 - Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
• B29C 47/36 - Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
• B29C 47/76 - Venting or degassing means
• B29C 47/92 - Measuring, controlling or regulating
• B29C 47/60 - Screws
• B29B 7/84 - Venting or degassing
• B29C 47/00 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor (extrusion blow-moulding B29C 49/04)
• B29C 47/40 - using at least two intermeshing screws
• B29C 47/82 - Heating the cylinders

Abstract

A light concentrating optic for use with a photovoltaic device includes a light pipe (101) having a first end portion for receiving light and a second end portion for outputting concentrated light. An optical element (102) is coupled to the light pipe on the first end portion and configured to form an optical interface (103) between the light pipe and the optical element. The optical element includes at least one light transmitting surface configured to redirect incident light entering the optical element to disperse the light to fall incident on side walls of the light pipe to increase homogeneity and intensity of light through the second end portion.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/054 - Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means

Abstract

A method for encoding a multi-lingual text in a matrix code symbol includes receiving a multi-lingual text comprising Latin-based characters in a Latin-based language and non-Latin-based characters in a non-Latin-based language, converting the non-Latin-based characters in the multi-lingual text to index values to produce a pseudo text, and encoding the pseudo text in a matrix-code symbol. The conversion is based on a predefined mapping that converts the Unicode values of the non-Latin-based characters to index values having fewer digits than the corresponding Unicode values of the non-Latin-based characters.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06K 19/06 - Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
• G06F 17/22 - Manipulating or registering by use of codes, e.g. in sequence of text characters
• G06F 17/30 - Information retrieval; Database structures therefor
• G06F 17/21 - Text processing

Abstract

Techniques for cooling concentrating solar collector systems are provided. In one aspect, an apparatus for cooling a photovoltaic cell includes a heat exchanger having a metal plate with a bend therein that positions a first surface of the metal plate at an angle of from about 100 degrees to about 150 degrees relative to a second surface of the metal plate, and a plurality of fins attached to a side of the metal plate opposite the first surface and the second surface; a vapor chamber extending along the first surface and the second surface of the metal plate, crossing the bend; and a cladding material between the vapor chamber and the heat exchanger, wherein the cladding material is configured to thermally couple the vapor chamber to the heat exchanger. A photovoltaic system and method for operating a photovoltaic system are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/042 - PV modules or arrays of single PV cells