Abstract

A device and method for managing the charging process of multiple electric vehicles connected to a power distribution system. The method involves determining voltage change tolerance by monitoring local grid voltages at various time points in proximity to an electric vehicle located at an upstream node. Subsequent measurements of grid voltage and the vehicle's state of charge and battery voltage are used to decide on an appropriate charging mode, whether constant current (CC) or constant voltage (CV), depending on how the measured battery voltage compares to a predefined maximum battery voltage. The method further involves assessing the EV's battery voltage and state of charge to determine the optimal charging mode, and then calculating a precise charging current based on these parameters. By systematically analyzing local grid voltages and battery conditions, the method adjusts the charging current dynamically.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/63 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
• B60L 53/62 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
• B60L 53/67 - Controlling two or more charging stations

Abstract

A field portable device for determining the unconfined compressive strength of a soil sample includes a sample holder, a heating device, a scale, a spectrometer, and a microprocessor. The sample holder receives a soil sample. The heating device dries the soil sample for a specified time. The scale measures a weight of the soil sample and a dried weight of the soil sample. The spectrometer performs laser induced breakdown spectroscopy on the soil sample and generates spectral emission intensities of the soil sample. The microprocessor calculates a bulk density and a water content of the soil sample, actuates the spectrometer to generate the spectral emission intensities. The microprocessor applies the spectral emission intensities, the bulk density and the water content to a trained machine learning regressor combined with an adaptive boosting classifier to predict the unconfined compressive strength of the soil sample.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 21/71 - Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
• G01N 21/03 - Cuvette constructions
• G01N 21/25 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
• G01N 33/24 - Earth materials

Abstract

A virtual memory system for managing a virtual memory page table for a central processing unit and a system of encoding a virtual address (VA) is disclosed. The system includes a memory storing an encoded virtual address, a virtual page number having a settable bitfield that is set according to page size and offset, and a virtual memory. The virtual memory addressing circuitry is configured with a zero detector logic circuit and a virtual page number (VPN) multiplexer. The zero detector logic circuit is configured to read bits of the encoded virtual address and outputs the page size. The virtual page number (VPN) multiplexer is configured to select the virtual page number based on the page size and outputs an index to a page table.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 12/1009 - Address translation using page tables, e.g. page table structures
• G06F 12/1027 - Address translation using associative or pseudo-associative address translation means, e.g. translation look-aside buffer [TLB]

Abstract

A virtual memory system for managing a virtual memory page table for a central processing unit and a system of encoding a virtual address (VA) is disclosed. The system includes a memory storing an encoded virtual address, a virtual page number having a settable bitfield that is set according to page size and offset, and a virtual memory. The virtual memory addressing circuitry is configured with a zero detector logic circuit and a virtual page number (VPN) multiplexer. The zero detector logic circuit is configured to read bits of the encoded virtual address and outputs the page size. The virtual page number (VPN) multiplexer is configured to select the virtual page number based on the page size and outputs an index to a page table.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 12/1009 - Address translation using page tables, e.g. page table structures
• G06F 12/1027 - Address translation using associative or pseudo-associative address translation means, e.g. translation look-aside buffer [TLB]

Abstract

A waste management method includes setting an allowable methane amount in a bin and an allowable waste amount in the bin. The method includes measuring a methane amount in the bin, a waste amount in the bin, a temperature in the bin and a humidity in the bin, transmitting the methane amount, the temperature and the humidity to a first network and transmitting the the waste amount, and the timestamp to a second network. The method includes generating a first time estimate with the first network and generating a second time estimate with the second network to determine whether the waste amount exceeds a predetermined allowable waste amount. The method includes generating a schedule and a route for a waste vehicle based on the first and second time estimates, a number of waste vehicles available, and methane emissions by the waste vehicles.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06Q 10/30 - Administration of product recycling or disposal
• G01C 21/34 - Route searchingRoute guidance
• G01K 1/024 - Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers for remote indication
• G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups
• G06Q 10/0631 - Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
• G07C 5/00 - Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
• G07C 5/08 - Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle, or waiting time

Abstract

A waste management method includes setting an allowable methane amount in a bin and an allowable waste amount in the bin. The method includes measuring a methane amount in the bin, a waste amount in the bin, a temperature in the bin and a humidity in the bin, transmitting the methane amount, the temperature and the humidity to a first network and transmitting the the waste amount, and the timestamp to a second network. The method includes generating a first time estimate with the first network and generating a second time estimate with the second network to determine whether the waste amount exceeds a predetermined allowable waste amount. The method includes generating a schedule and a route for a waste vehicle based on the first and second time estimates, a number of waste vehicles available, and methane emissions by the waste vehicles.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06Q 10/30 - Administration of product recycling or disposal
• G01C 21/34 - Route searchingRoute guidance
• G01K 1/024 - Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers for remote indication
• G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups
• G06Q 10/0631 - Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
• G07C 5/00 - Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
• G07C 5/08 - Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle, or waiting time

Abstract

A membrane including a polysulfone/polyethylene terephthalate (PSf/PET) support and an active layer on an outer surface of the PSf/PET support. The active layer comprises reacted units of a diacyl chloride compound, a tetra-amine compound, and a nanocomposite including graphitic carbon nitride and polypyrrole. The membrane of the present disclosure is self-cleaning following exposure to radiation and finds application in water decontamination and de-salination.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 71/68 - PolysulfonesPolyethersulfones
• B01D 71/02 - Inorganic material
• B01D 71/48 - Polyesters
• B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites

Abstract

A method for producing a chromium nitride (CrN) thin film is provided. The method includes reactive radio frequency magnetron sputtering chromium onto a substrate in the presence of a gaseous mixture including nitrogen and argon to form the CrN thin film, where a ratio of the nitrogen gas to the argon gas is 1:2 to 1:10, and where the CrN thin film has an average thickness of 500 to 1500 nm. The CrN film as prepared by the method of the present disclosure can be used in sensors for cryogenic temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

• C23C 14/06 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
• C23C 14/35 - Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering

Abstract

A waste management method includes setting an allowable methane amount in a bin and an allowable waste amount in the bin. The method includes measuring a methane amount in the bin, a waste amount in the bin, a temperature in the bin and a humidity in the bin, transmitting the methane amount, the temperature and the humidity to a first network and transmitting the the waste amount, and the timestamp to a second network. The method includes generating a first time estimate with the first network and generating a second time estimate with the second network to determine whether the waste amount exceeds a predetermined allowable waste amount. The method includes generating a schedule and a route for a waste vehicle based on the first and second time estimates, a number of waste vehicles available, and methane emissions by the waste vehicles.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06Q 10/30 - Administration of product recycling or disposal
• G01C 21/34 - Route searchingRoute guidance
• G01K 1/024 - Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers for remote indication
• G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups
• G06Q 10/0631 - Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
• G07C 5/00 - Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
• G07C 5/08 - Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle, or waiting time

Abstract

A field portable device for determining the unconfined compressive strength of a soil sample includes a sample holder, a heating device, a scale, a spectrometer, and a microprocessor. The sample holder receives a soil sample. The heating device dries the soil sample for a specified time. The scale measures a weight of the soil sample and a dried weight of the soil sample. The spectrometer performs laser induced breakdown spectroscopy on the soil sample and generates spectral emission intensities of the soil sample. The microprocessor calculates a bulk density and a water content of the soil sample, actuates the spectrometer to generate the spectral emission intensities. The microprocessor applies the spectral emission intensities, the bulk density and the water content to a trained machine learning regressor combined with an adaptive boosting classifier to predict the unconfined compressive strength of the soil sample.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 21/71 - Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
• G01N 21/03 - Cuvette constructions
• G01N 21/25 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
• G01N 33/24 - Earth materials

Abstract

A membrane including a polysulfone/polyethylene terephthalate (PSf/PET) support and an active layer on an outer surface of the PSf/PET support. The active layer comprises reacted units of a diacyl chloride compound, a tetra-amine compound, and a nanocomposite including graphitic carbon nitride and polypyrrole. The membrane of the present disclosure is self-cleaning following exposure to radiation and finds application in water decontamination and de-salination.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 71/68 - PolysulfonesPolyethersulfones
• B01D 71/02 - Inorganic material
• B01D 71/48 - Polyesters
• B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites

Abstract

A membrane including a polysulfone/polyethylene terephthalate (PSf/PET) support and an active layer on an outer surface of the PSf/PET support. The active layer comprises reacted units of a diacyl chloride compound, a tetra-amine compound, and a nanocomposite including graphitic carbon nitride and polypyrrole. The membrane of the present disclosure is self-cleaning following exposure to radiation and finds application in water decontamination and de-salination.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 71/68 - PolysulfonesPolyethersulfones
• B01D 71/02 - Inorganic material
• B01D 71/48 - Polyesters
• B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites

Abstract

A field portable device for determining the unconfined compressive strength of a soil sample includes a sample holder, a heating device, a scale, a spectrometer, and a microprocessor. The sample holder receives a soil sample. The heating device dries the soil sample for a specified time. The scale measures a weight of the soil sample and a dried weight of the soil sample. The spectrometer performs laser induced breakdown spectroscopy on the soil sample and generates spectral emission intensities of the soil sample. The microprocessor calculates a bulk density and a water content of the soil sample, actuates the spectrometer to generate the spectral emission intensities. The microprocessor applies the spectral emission intensities, the bulk density and the 10 water content to a trained machine learning regressor combined with an adaptive boosting classifier to predict the unconfined compressive strength of the soil sample.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 21/71 - Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
• G01N 21/03 - Cuvette constructions
• G01N 21/25 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
• G01N 33/24 - Earth materials

Abstract

A method of making TiO2 nanosheets including heating a titanium (IV) alkoxide in a solvent to a temperature of 70-100° C. for 10-100 minutes to form a heated titanium (IV) alkoxide, reacting the heated titanium (IV) alkoxide in a solvothermal autoclave for 12-60 hours at a temperature of 100-200° C. to form a reaction mixture. The solvothermal autoclave has an air gap of 20-95 vol % relative to a total volume of the solvothermal autoclave. The method further includes separating the TiO2 nanosheets from the reaction mixture. The length and a width of the TiO2 nanosheets are greater than 1 μm, and the TiO2 nanosheets have a BET surface area of 900-1,000 m2/g.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01G 23/047 - Titanium dioxide
• C02F 1/461 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
• C02F 101/10 - Inorganic compounds

Abstract

A zinc (Zn) ion hybrid supercapacitor (ZIHSC) in the form of an electrochemical cell includes a Zn nanosheets electrodeposited metal substrate (Zn ED-MS) as an anode, and a jute activated carbon coated conductive carbon substrate (the JAC-CCS) as a cathode, an electrolyte including an aqueous solution of Zn salt at a concentration of 0.05 to 5 molars (M), and a membrane as a separator.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01G 11/34 - Carbon-based characterised by carbonisation or activation of carbon
• H01G 11/26 - Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
• H01G 11/52 - Separators
• H01G 11/62 - Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
• H01G 11/86 - Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes

Abstract

A cleaning system for a photovoltaic surface includes one or more of an electrostatic dust repellant, a vacuum device, and a compressed air spray device, powered by the photovoltaic array, and configured to function when the photovoltaic surface, including a photovoltaic array mounted on a base, is rotated from a first position with exposure to sunlight, to a second position, where the photovoltaic surface is almost parallel to the ground. The system includes a rotor to turn the base, and hence the photovoltaic surface, from first position to second position, rotating a front surface of the photovoltaic array by over 105 degrees. The cleaning device is housed in a half cylindrical box with an opening for exposure, and is positioned at an edge of the photovoltaic array when in its first position.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02S 40/10 - Cleaning arrangements
• B08B 5/02 - Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities
• B08B 5/04 - Cleaning by suction, with or without auxiliary action
• B08B 6/00 - Cleaning by electrostatic means
• H02S 20/30 - Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
• H02S 30/10 - Frame structures

Abstract

A cleaning system for a photovoltaic surface includes one or more of an electrostatic dust repellant, a vacuum device, and a compressed air spray device, powered by the photovoltaic array, and configured to function when the photovoltaic surface, including a photovoltaic array mounted on a base, is rotated from a first position with exposure to sunlight, to a second position, where the photovoltaic surface is almost parallel to the ground. The system includes a rotor to turn the base, and hence the photovoltaic surface, from first position to second position, rotating a front surface of the photovoltaic array by over 105 degrees. The cleaning device is housed in a half cylindrical box with an opening for exposure, and is positioned at an edge of the photovoltaic array when in its first position.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02S 40/10 - Cleaning arrangements
• B08B 6/00 - Cleaning by electrostatic means

Abstract

3. Further, the catalyst includes 1 percent by weight (wt. %) to 7 wt. % of Gd and 5 wt. % to 15 wt. % of Fe based on a total weight of the catalyst.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 23/83 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with rare earths or actinides
• B01J 21/04 - Alumina
• B01J 23/745 - Iron
• B01J 35/30 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
• B01J 35/70 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their crystalline properties, e.g. semi-crystalline
• B01J 37/03 - PrecipitationCo-precipitation
• B01J 37/04 - Mixing
• B01J 37/06 - Washing
• B01J 37/08 - Heat treatment
• C07C 5/42 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor

Abstract

A cleaning system for a photovoltaic surface includes one or more of an electrostatic dust repellant, a vacuum device, and a compressed air spray device, powered by the photovoltaic array, and configured to function when the photovoltaic surface, including a photovoltaic array mounted on a base, is rotated from a first position with exposure to sunlight, to a second position, where the photovoltaic surface is almost parallel to the ground. The system includes a rotor to turn the base, and hence the photovoltaic surface, from first position to second position, rotating a front surface of the photovoltaic array by over 105 degrees. The cleaning device is housed in a half cylindrical box with an opening for exposure, and is positioned at an edge of the photovoltaic array when in its first position.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02S 40/10 - Cleaning arrangements
• B08B 6/00 - Cleaning by electrostatic means

Abstract

A vapor-absorption refrigeration (VAR) system. The VAR system includes a VAR section having a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, a first desorber, a second desorber, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, at least four throttling valves, and at least two pumps. The VAR section heats a saline water feed stream using heat released from the absorber and the condenser, producing cooling effect. The VAR system includes a direct contact membrane distillation-absorber (DCMD-Abs) section receiving the hot saline water feed stream. The DCMD-Abs section comprises DCMD-Abs modules linked in series. Each DCMD-Abs module includes a saltwater feed compartment and a water compartment, and a membrane. Due to temperature difference between the saline water feed stream and cooling water stream, water vapors are produced by evaporation in the saltwater feed compartment and passes through the membrane to the water compartment to be condensed therein.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 15/00 - Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
• B01D 61/36 - PervaporationMembrane distillationLiquid permeation
• C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
• F25B 15/06 - Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
• C02F 103/08 - Seawater, e.g. for desalination

Abstract

A vapor-absorption refrigeration (VAR) system. The VAR system includes a VAR section having a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, a first desorber, a second desorber, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, at least four throttling valves, and at least two pumps. The VAR section heats a saline water feed stream using heat released from the absorber and the condenser, producing cooling effect. The VAR system includes a direct contact membrane distillation-absorber (DCMD-Abs) section receiving the hot saline water feed stream. The DCMD-Abs section comprises DCMD-Abs modules linked in series. Each DCMD-Abs module includes a saltwater feed compartment and a water compartment, and a membrane. Due to temperature difference between the saline water feed stream and cooling water stream, water vapors are produced by evaporation in the saltwater feed compartment and passes through the membrane to the water compartment to be condensed therein.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 15/00 - Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
• B01D 61/36 - PervaporationMembrane distillationLiquid permeation
• C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
• F25B 15/06 - Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
• C02F 103/08 - Seawater, e.g. for desalination

Abstract

A vapor-absorption refrigeration (VAR) system. The VAR system includes a VAR section having a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, a first desorber, a second desorber, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, at least four throttling valves, and at least two pumps. The VAR section heats a saline water feed stream using heat released from the absorber and the condenser, producing cooling effect. The VAR system includes a direct contact membrane distillation-absorber (DCMD-Abs) section receiving the hot saline water feed stream. The DCMD-Abs section comprises DCMD-Abs modules linked in series. Each DCMD-Abs module includes a saltwater feed compartment and a water compartment, and a membrane. Due to temperature difference between the saline water feed stream and cooling water stream, water vapors are produced by evaporation in the saltwater feed compartment and passes through the membrane to the water compartment to be condensed therein.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 15/00 - Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
• B01D 61/36 - PervaporationMembrane distillationLiquid permeation
• C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
• F25B 15/06 - Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
• C02F 103/08 - Seawater, e.g. for desalination

Abstract

A voltage converter system includes a negator coupled to a switched-capacitor converter (SCC). The negator circuit is coupled to an input terminal and generates a negative input voltage signal. The negator circuit includes a flying capacitor, a pair of first switches and a pair of second switches connected in a H-bridge configuration. The SCC is coupled to the input terminal and the negator circuit. The SCC includes a plurality of converter stages. Each stage of the plurality of converter stages includes a capacitor and an assembly of a first switch and a second switch. The system further includes a control unit, to activate or deactivate the pair of first switches, the pair of second switches, each of the first switches, and each of the second switches. A configuration of the negator circuit and the SCC results in a voltage conversion ratio between the output voltage signal and the input voltage signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/07 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode
• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion
• H02M 1/088 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices

Abstract

A voltage converter system includes a negator coupled to a switched-capacitor converter (SCC). The negator circuit is coupled to an input terminal and generates a negative input voltage signal. The negator circuit includes a flying capacitor, a pair of first switches and a pair of second switches connected in a H-bridge configuration. The SCC is coupled to the input terminal and the negator circuit. The SCC includes a plurality of converter stages. Each stage of the plurality of converter stages includes a capacitor and an assembly of a first switch and a second switch. The system further includes a control unit, to activate or deactivate the pair of first switches, the pair of second switches, each of the first switches, and each of the second switches. A configuration of the negator circuit and the SCC results in a voltage conversion ratio between the output voltage signal and the input voltage signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/07 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode
• H02M 1/00 - Details of apparatus for conversion
• H02M 1/088 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices

Abstract

A membrane including a polysulfone/polyethylene terephthalate (PSf/PET) support and an active layer on an outer surface of the PSf/PET support. The active layer comprises reacted units of a diacyl chloride compound, a tetra-amine compound, and a nanocomposite including graphitic carbon nitride and polypyrrole. The membrane of the present disclosure is self-cleaning following exposure to radiation and finds application in water decontamination and de-salination.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 71/68 - PolysulfonesPolyethersulfones
• B01D 71/02 - Inorganic material
• B01D 71/48 - Polyesters
• B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites

Abstract

A method of making a photocatalyst including heating asphaltenes to 400-600° C. under nitrogen for at least 30 minutes to form heated asphaltenes, mixing a hydroxide with the heated asphaltenes, and heating to a temperature of 700-900° C. under nitrogen for at least 1 hour to form reacted asphaltenes. Further, the method includes oxidizing the reacted asphaltenes with an oxidant to form a porous carbon. Finally, the method includes calcining the porous carbon with bismuth oxide and titanium dioxide at a temperature of 600-800° C. to form the photocatalyst.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 23/18 - Arsenic, antimony or bismuth
• B01J 21/18 - Carbon
• B01J 35/30 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
• B01J 35/39 - Photocatalytic properties
• B01J 35/45 - Nanoparticles
• B01J 35/51 - Spheres
• B01J 35/61 - Surface area
• B01J 35/64 - Pore diameter
• B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
• B01J 37/08 - Heat treatment
• B01J 37/12 - Oxidising
• C02F 1/32 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
• C02F 1/461 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
• C02F 1/467 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection
• C02F 101/12 - Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
• C02F 101/16 - Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia

Abstract

A hydrogen gas sensor with a substrate and a zinc oxide nanostructured thin film deposited on the substrate, wherein the zinc oxide nanostructured thin film has a lattice structure with a weight ratio of low binding energy O2- ions to medium binding energy oxygen vacancies in a range of 0.1 to 1.0, and a method of fabricating a gas sensor by thermally oxidizing a metal thin film under low oxygen partial pressure. Various combinations of embodiments of the hydrogen gas sensor and the method of fabricating the gas sensor are provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups
• C23C 8/16 - Oxidising using oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. H2O, CO2
• G01N 27/12 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluidInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid
• G01N 27/407 - Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases

Abstract

An airfoil for an aircraft having an airfoil geometry. The airfoil geometry includes an upper surface and a lower surface, the upper and lower surfaces are in accordance with Cartesian coordinate values of X and Y. The Cartesian coordinate values of X and Y are non-dimensional values from 0 to 1 convertible to dimensional values by multiplying the Cartesian coordinate values of X and Y by a chord length of the airfoil. The upper surface and the lower surface form an enclosed airfoil shape. The aircraft is a supersonic aircraft, and the airfoil has a thickness-to-chord ratio of about 10%.

IPC Classes  ?

• B64C 3/14 - Aerofoil profile
• B64C 30/00 - Supersonic type aircraft

Abstract

2) gas based on the total volume of the hydrogen. Further, the subterranean banded iron formation includes mainly magnetite, hematite, and/or pyrite based on a total weight of the subterranean banded iron formation, where the hydrogen is adsorbed on the magnetite, the hematite, and/or the pyrite. Further, the method includes injecting ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid into the subterranean banded iron formation to release the hydrogen from the magnetite, the hematite, and/or the pyrite.

IPC Classes  ?

• B65G 5/00 - Storing fluids in natural or artificial cavities or chambers in the earth
• C01B 3/00 - HydrogenGaseous mixtures containing hydrogenSeparation of hydrogen from mixtures containing itPurification of hydrogen

Abstract

A method of removing hydrogen sulfide from a subterranean geological formation includes mixing a zinc-imidazolate material, ZIF-8, in an amount of 0.1 to 2.5 percent by weight with an organic liquid containing one or more unsaturated oils to form a drilling fluid suspension with a pH of 10 or more. The method includes injecting the drilling fluid suspension in the subterranean geological formation, circulating the drilling fluid suspension in the subterranean geological formation to form an oil-based mud, and scavenging hydrogen sulfide from the subterranean geological formation.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 21/06 - Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
• C09K 8/34 - Organic liquids
• C09K 8/54 - Compositions for in situ inhibition of corrosion in boreholes or wells
• E21B 41/00 - Equipment or details not covered by groups

Abstract

A method of carbon dioxide fixation includes contacting a covalent organic framework material with a co-catalyst and an epoxide in the presence of carbon dioxide to form a cyclic carbonate. The covalent organic framework material includes reacted units of a 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,5-triazine, reacted units of a 4,4′-biphenyldicarbaldehyde, and palladium nanoparticles. The reacted units of the 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,5-triazine and the reacted units of the 4,4′-biphenyldicarbaldehyde form a COF-701, where the palladium nanoparticles are on an outer surface of the COF-701. The co-catalyst is n-tetrabutylammonium bromide.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 31/16 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
• B01J 31/02 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
• B01J 31/40 - Regeneration or reactivation
• B01J 35/30 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
• B01J 35/40 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
• B01J 35/51 - Spheres
• B01J 35/64 - Pore diameter
• B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalystsProcesses, in general, for activation of catalysts
• B01J 37/04 - Mixing
• B01J 37/06 - Washing
• B01J 37/16 - Reducing
• B01J 38/02 - Heat treatment
• B01J 38/48 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended
• C07D 317/36 - Alkylene carbonatesSubstituted alkylene carbonates

Abstract

A system for determining a depth z to install a borehole receiver in a monitoring borehole includes a seismic source, a seismic receiver, an antenna, a computing device and a drilling system. The seismic source generates surface waves having multiple frequencies in a frequency band of interest within a geologic formation such as a subterranean reservoir. The seismic receiver is placed at a distance d from the seismic source, to receive the surface waves. The computing device determines a smallest frequency f1 of the multiple frequencies. The computing device further determines a surface wave velocity v for the smallest frequency f1. The computing device further calculates a longest wavelength WL of the surface wave in the frequency band of interest based on WL=v/f1. The borehole receiver is installed, e.g., with the drilling system, in the monitoring borehole at the depth z equal to the longest wavelength WL.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01V 1/52 - Structural details
• G01V 1/46 - Data acquisition
• G01V 1/50 - Analysing data

Abstract

3 nanorods have a median volume particle size (Dv50) ranging from approximately 10 nanometers (nm) to 1000 nm, as determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

IPC Classes  ?

• H01G 11/48 - Conductive polymers
• H01G 11/04 - Hybrid capacitors
• H01G 11/24 - Electrodes characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosityElectrodes characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
• H01G 11/34 - Carbon-based characterised by carbonisation or activation of carbon
• H01G 11/46 - Metal oxides
• H01G 11/86 - Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes

Abstract

An internal reflector photoreactor system includes a stainless-steel cylindrical vessel having a window on a top face. The stainless-steel cylindrical vessel has a reflector inside the vessel on a bottom surface orientated towards the top face and the stainless-steel cylindrical vessel has a mesh bisecting the stainless-steel cylindrical vessel on a horizontal plane and the mesh is coated with a graphitic carbon nitride photocatalyst. Further, the internal reflector photoreactor system includes a light source and the light source is located above the stainless-steel cylindrical vessel.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 19/12 - Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiationApparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
• B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
• B01J 19/02 - Apparatus characterised by being constructed of material selected for its chemically-resistant properties
• B01J 27/24 - Nitrogen compounds
• B01J 35/39 - Photocatalytic properties
• B01J 35/54 - Bars or plates
• B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
• B01J 37/08 - Heat treatment

Abstract

A process for upgrading a hydrocarbon feed comprises contacting the hydrocarbon feed with steam in the presence of a cracking catalyst composition at reaction conditions sufficient to cause at least a portion of hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon feed to undergo one or more cracking reactions to produce a steam catalytic cracking effluent comprising light olefins, light aromatic compounds, or both, where the cracking catalyst composition comprises a cracking additive comprising metal species impregnated on a ZSM-5 zeolite, where the metal species comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of chromium, vanadium, iron, platinum, molybdenum, cerium, and nickel.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 11/05 - Crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
• B01J 29/40 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11
• B01J 29/44 - Noble metals
• B01J 29/46 - Iron group metals or copper
• B01J 29/48 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11 containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
• B01J 35/40 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
• B01J 35/61 - Surface area
• B01J 35/64 - Pore diameter
• B01J 37/04 - Mixing
• B01J 37/08 - Heat treatment

Abstract

A method for the bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated production water through the microbiological process of culturing salt-tolerant bacteria in a high-salt cell culture medium for decontamination. The high-salt cell culture medium contains sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium bicarbonate, calcium chloride, and calcium chloride, along with agar, water, and salt-tolerant bacteria to form broth. Once incubated to form an inoculation mixture, this broth is combined with production water to produce a bacteria-containing liquid mixture, and then treated with production water, bioremediating by propagating the bacteria-containing liquid mixture in the treated production water.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 8/582 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of bacteria
• C02F 3/34 - Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
• C12N 1/20 - BacteriaCulture media therefor
• E21B 43/16 - Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
• C02F 101/32 - Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
• C02F 103/10 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
• E21B 43/34 - Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well

Abstract

A method of recovering oil from a subterranean geological formation includes injecting a solution including salt water and a chitosan acetate salt polymer into the subterranean geological formation and concurrently recovering oil from a production well in the subterranean geological formation, where the chitosan acetate salt polymer has a structure according to the formula and where the chitosan acetate salt polymer alters the wettability of the subterranean geological formation. Further, the concentration of chitosan acetate salt polymer in the solution is in a range from 1 to 1,000 ppm and the contact angle of the solution on a formation surface is reduced by greater than or equal to 25% compared to a solution including salt water.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 8/588 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific polymers
• E21B 43/16 - Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons

Abstract

A wind turbine for a region with an average wind speed of less than 5 m/s includes a rotor comprising a rotor hub and multiple blades connected to the rotor hub. The rotor is configured for rotation with a starting torque and a torque-magnitude-profile-over-time. Each blade has multiple sections distributed between a blade root and a blade tip, and each section has a chord length and an angle of twist. The chord length is a first non-dimensional value from 0 to 1 and the angle of twist is specified in radian. The first and second non-dimensional values are convertible to dimensional values in meters by multiplying the first non-dimensional values by a maximum chord length.

IPC Classes  ?

• F03D 1/06 - Rotors

Abstract

A method of maximizing coverage and minimizing interference in an Internet of Drones (IoD) network with multiple drones is provided. The method includes obtaining input parameters such as radio frequency parameters, drone locations, velocities, coverage areas, and the number of drones. A multi-objective model determines an initial interference and coverage based on these parameters. The iterative process continues for a predetermined time to identify the drone locations that achieve maximum coverage while minimizing interference. The approach accounts for beam angles, antenna configurations, and carrier frequencies, ensuring efficient IoD deployment. By leveraging a radio frequency-based determination model, the method dynamically adjusts drone positions to enhance network performance. The solution effectively balances coverage and interference, facilitating reliable communication in drone-based networks.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 16/18 - Network planning tools
• H04B 7/185 - Space-based or airborne stations

Abstract

An upconversion phosphor having a formula of Li—R—Si—O—F:xPr3+, where R is yttrium (Y) or lutetium (Lu). The value of x is 0.001 to 5 and represents a mole percentage (%) based on the total number of moles of all elements in the upconversion phosphor. Following excitation with sunlight, the upconversion phosphor emits light with a wavelength in the range of 250 nanometers (nm) to 350 nm.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 11/77 - Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent, materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
• A61L 2/08 - Radiation
• C01B 33/32 - Alkali metal silicates
• C02F 1/32 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
• C02F 1/72 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
• C08K 3/34 - Silicon-containing compounds
• C09D 5/22 - Luminous paints
• C09D 7/40 - Additives
• C09D 7/61 - Additives non-macromolecular inorganic

Abstract

A cement paste composition includes a curable component including a cementitious material and a zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) present in an amount of 0.01 to 3% by weight based on a total weight of the cementitious material. The composition further includes water in an amount of 30 to 50% by weight based on a total weight of the cement paste composition. A cured specimen made from the cement paste composition has a compressive strength of 30 to 80 megapascal (MPa) according to ASTM C109/C109M-21 standard test method, and a direct tensile strength of 1.2 to 2.2 MPa according to ASTM C307-18 standard test method. The ZIF-67 particles are uniformly distributed throughout the cured specimen. A method of producing the cement paste specimen.

IPC Classes  ?

• C04B 14/04 - Silica-rich materialsSilicates
• C04B 7/02 - Portland cement
• C04B 28/04 - Portland cements
• C04B 40/00 - Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability

Abstract

A system and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium for executing a method of detecting road anomalies is disclosed. The method includes obtaining a live feed from an end computing device in a vehicle travelling on a road using a camera associated with the end computing device, and inputting the live feed to a machine learning model trained to detect and classify a road anomaly such as potholes, longitudinal cracks, transverse cracks, or alligator cracks on the road. The method further includes determining multiple features of the detected road anomaly such as a size of the road anomaly. The method further includes assessing severity of the road anomaly based on features, and transmitting, via a roadside computing device installed on the road, a notification such as a message, an image, a location, or severity of the road anomaly, to multiple end computing devices in the proximity of the roadside computing device.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06V 10/764 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using classification, e.g. of video objects
• G01C 21/36 - Input/output arrangements for on-board computers
• G06T 7/50 - Depth or shape recovery
• G06T 7/62 - Analysis of geometric attributes of area, perimeter, diameter or volume
• G06V 20/56 - Context or environment of the image exterior to a vehicle by using sensors mounted on the vehicle

Abstract

A method and a system for performing crowd management in a religious site includes receiving registration information from a plurality of pilgrims, including mobile numbers for receiving text messages. The method includes periodically capturing, by a plurality of surveillance cameras, camera view images for views of each camera of respective portions of the religious site. The method includes automatically estimating a number of pilgrims in each camera view image using an Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithm. The method includes automatically detecting a percentage of mobile numbers of pilgrims occupying overcrowded areas and sending text messages to the detected percentage of mobile numbers that direct the pilgrims to different areas where the camera view images have low crowd density.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06V 20/52 - Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects
• G06V 10/26 - Segmentation of patterns in the image fieldCutting or merging of image elements to establish the pattern region, e.g. clustering-based techniquesDetection of occlusion
• G06V 10/77 - Processing image or video features in feature spacesArrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using data integration or data reduction, e.g. principal component analysis [PCA] or independent component analysis [ICA] or self-organising maps [SOM]Blind source separation
• G06V 10/776 - ValidationPerformance evaluation
• G06V 10/82 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using neural networks
• H04M 1/72436 - User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality with interactive means for internal management of messages for text messaging, e.g. short messaging services [SMS] or e-mails
• H04N 7/18 - Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
• G06V 10/40 - Extraction of image or video features
• H04W 4/024 - Guidance services
• H04W 4/12 - MessagingMailboxesAnnouncements

Abstract

A method of depositing a bimetallic alloy coating onto a bare stainless-steel bipolar plate includes preheating the bare stainless-steel bipolar plate to a temperature ranging from 450° C. to 500° C. Further, the method includes depositing copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) onto the bare stainless-steel bipolar plate to form a coated stainless-steel bipolar plate. Furthermore, the method includes cooling the coated stainless-steel bipolar plate after terminating the depositing. The deposition is an aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition of Cu and Ni from a solution containing a mixture of a copper (II) precursor and a nickel (II) precursor for 1 hour (h) to 3 h to form the coated stainless-steel bipolar plate having a coating including a CuNi film having a metal phase including Cu, Ni and CuNi.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/0228 - Composites in the form of layered or coated products
• C23C 16/18 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of metallic material from metallo-organic compounds
• H01M 8/021 - Alloys based on iron
• H01M 8/1004 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]

Abstract

−1.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 68/04 - Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids from carbon dioxide or inorganic carbonates
• B01J 27/02 - Sulfur, selenium or telluriumCompounds thereof
• B01J 27/24 - Nitrogen compounds
• B01J 35/30 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
• B01J 35/39 - Photocatalytic properties
• B01J 35/45 - Nanoparticles
• B01J 35/58 - Fabrics or filaments
• B01J 35/61 - Surface area
• B01J 35/63 - Pore volume
• B01J 37/04 - Mixing
• B01J 37/06 - Washing
• B01J 37/08 - Heat treatment
• C07C 68/00 - Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids

Abstract

−2) at an applied potential of −100 millivolts (mV) when catalyzing the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in water electrolysis.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
• C25B 11/095 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one of the compounds being organic

Abstract

A method for removing ammonia from wastewater including impregnating activated carbon with an aluminum salt to obtain an impregnated activated carbon. The impregnated activated carbon includes 8 to 12 weight percentage (wt. %) of Al based on the total weight of the Al and the activated carbon. The method further includes mixing the impregnated activated carbon with the wastewater while agitating at a temperature of 65 to 75° C. to contact the impregnated nanomaterial with the wastewater. During mixing the impregnated activated carbon with the wastewater, a first portion of the ammonia present in the wastewater is adsorbed on the impregnated activated carbon and a second portion of the ammonia present in the wastewater displaces a portion of the aluminum salt in the impregnated activated carbon.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbonSolid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
• B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• B01J 20/32 - Impregnating or coating
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
• C02F 101/16 - Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia

Abstract

A method of removing hydrogen sulfide from a subterranean geological formation includes mixing a cobalt-imidazolate ZIF-67 material in an amount of 0.5 to 2.5 weight percentage (wt. %) with an aqueous fluid to form a drilling fluid suspension with a pH of 10 or more. The method further includes injecting the drilling fluid suspension in the subterranean geological formation including one or more hydrocarbons and circulating the drilling fluid suspension in the subterranean geological formation and forming a water-based mud. The method further includes scavenging hydrogen sulfide from the subterranean geological formation, where the hydrogen sulfide reacts with the cobalt-imidazolate ZIF-67 material during scavenging.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 8/08 - Clay-free compositions containing natural organic compounds, e.g. polysaccharides, or derivatives thereof

Abstract

A vessel cleaning robotic system includes a robotic cleaner having a cylindrical central unit from which three retractable legs extend. Each leg includes an omni-directional wheel at its distal end, a motor, up to three joints for articulation, and a collar for attachment to the central unit at a proximal end. An arm, also extending from the central unit, is configured to rotate around it, with a cleaning sub-unit at its distal end and a collar at its proximal end. The arm includes a vacuum pipe and a spraying device for cleaning purposes. Integrated within the retractable legs and the arm is a monitoring unit comprising sensors for operational monitoring.

IPC Classes  ?

• B08B 9/08 - Cleaning of containers, e.g. tanks

Abstract

A sorbent device based on a porous membrane bag (e.g., porous propylene membrane bag) encapsulated alkaline-modified zeolite (e.g., alkaline-treated USY zeolite). A process for removing heavy metals, such as Cd(II), Cr(III), and Pb(II) from an aqueous solution or an industrial wastewater samples with the sorbent device is provided. A method for preparing the alkaline-modified zeolite is also described.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/18 - Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• B01J 20/30 - Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
• C02F 101/22 - Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates

Abstract

A load frequency control system for a multi-area hybrid power grid having multiple regions which integrates renewable energy sources. The system includes individual power systems in separate geographic regions, interconnected by electrical tie-lines. Area control signals (ACE) generated by each power system facilitate adaptive frequency stabilization. A central model predictive controller (MPC) processes ACE signals to produce control signals, guiding a one plus proportional integral derivative (1+PIDN) controller with adjustable gain parameters. An optimizer applies a salp swarm algorithm to the ACE signals to dynamically adjust gain parameter of the 1+PIDN controller. The resulting output signal from the 1+PIDN controller is designed to mitigate power disturbances and maintain frequency balance across the tie-lines, ensuring robust and responsive grid management.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 3/24 - Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
• H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers

Abstract

A sorbent device based on a porous membrane bag (e.g., porous propylene membrane bag) encapsulated alkaline-modified zeolite (e.g., alkaline-treated USY zeolite). A process for removing heavy metals, such as Cd(II), Cr(III), and Pb(II) from an aqueous solution or an industrial wastewater samples with the sorbent device is provided. A method for preparing the alkaline-modified zeolite is also described.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/18 - Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• B01J 20/30 - Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
• C02F 101/22 - Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates

Abstract

A metal-organic framework (MOF) material for selective direct air capture of carbon dioxide includes a UiO-66-X MOF. X is covalently bonded to UiO-66. The X may be an aminosilane with one or more primary or secondary amine groups. A method of making the UiO-66-X. A method for capturing carbon dioxide directly from a CO2 containing gaseous composition.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/22 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
• B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• B01J 20/30 - Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating
• C07F 19/00 - Metal compounds according to more than one of main groups

Abstract

A method for dry reforming of methane (DRM) includes introducing and passing a hydrogen (H2)-containing feed gas stream through a reactor to contact the H2-containing feed gas stream with particles of a catalyst at a temperature of from 500° C. to 900° C. to form a reduced catalyst; introducing and passing a mixed feed gas stream comprising methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) through the reactor to contact the mixed feed gas stream with the reduced catalyst at a temperature of from 500° C. to 1000° C. thereby converting at least a portion of the CH4 and CO2 to H2/CO and regenerating the catalyst particles to form a regenerated catalyst and producing a residue gas stream leaving the reactor. The catalyst may be a fibrous silica lanthanum oxide (FSL) catalyst, and/or a nickel-containing FSL (Ni/FSL) catalyst.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 23/10 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of rare earths
• B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
• B01J 23/83 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with rare earths or actinides
• B01J 23/92 - Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts comprising metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups
• B01J 23/94 - Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts comprising metals, oxides or hydroxides of the iron group metals or copper
• B01J 35/40 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
• B01J 35/51 - Spheres
• B01J 35/58 - Fabrics or filaments
• B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalystsProcesses, in general, for activation of catalysts
• B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
• B01J 37/04 - Mixing
• B01J 37/10 - Heat treatment in the presence of water, e.g. steam
• B01J 37/18 - Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
• C01B 3/40 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts characterised by the catalyst
• C01B 3/44 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts using moving solid particles using the fluidised bed technique

Abstract

A load frequency controller for the integration of a thermal power generator with renewable energy generators includes first and second power systems situated in separate geographic regions, interconnected through an inter-area tie-line. Each power system incorporates a 3DOF-FOPIDN controller, programmed with a salp swarm algorithm to adjust the controller gain parameters. A model predictive controller (MPC) slaved to the 3DOF-FOPIDN controller generates droop correction values then transmitted to the energy generators. The power deviations from the resources, the tie-line power deviations and a load center power deviation are combined to generate a combined power deviation signal. A frequency generator converts the combined power deviation signal to a frequency deviation value for each area. Feedback loops channel the frequency deviation value to bias factor generator in each area. An ACE signal is generated, which is utilized by the 3DOF-FOPIDN-MPC controller to modulate frequency and maintain grid stability.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 3/46 - Controlling the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
• G05B 13/04 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
• H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
• H02J 3/40 - Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator

Abstract

A method for first arrival picking of seismic data includes receiving a seismic shot record data set from a seismic event, extracting texture features from the seismic shot record data set, calculating an energy ratio matrix from the seismic shot record data set, using fuzzy c-means to cluster the texture features into a strong linear cluster, a moderate linear cluster, and a random noise cluster, calculating a first arrival class matrix from the moderate linear cluster, multiplying the first arrival class matrix by the energy ratio matrix to obtain a first arrival pick matrix, and identifying first arrival picks from the first arrival pick matrix.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01V 1/30 - Analysis

Abstract

A power generation system for operating a direct current (DC) microgrid (MG) cluster comprises a DC MG cluster including a plurality of DC MGs interconnected via tie-lines for transferring electric power based on bus voltage differences. Each DC MG includes a plurality of distributed generation units (DGUs) supplying local loads. The power generation system also includes a distributed hierarchical control system comprising a primary controller, a secondary controller, and a tertiary controller controls the operation of the DC MG cluster. A two-layered cyber network supports communication between DGUs and MGs via lower and upper layers, respectively, with pinning links enabling inter-layer communication. The tertiary controller minimizes total generation cost, the secondary controller ensures optimal power allocation, and the primary controller performs droop control. A user-defined control parameter sets a predefined upper limit for convergence time, enabling prescribed performance-based predefined time (PP-PDT) control across the DC MG cluster.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
• H02J 1/00 - Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks

Abstract

The systems of the present disclosure include a solar-powered steam Rankine cycle (SRC) subsystem to convert solar energy into thermal energy and store the thermal energy; an ejector refrigeration cycle (ERC) subsystem to provide a first refrigeration effect with a first range of temperature based on the thermal energy; an absorption refrigeration cycle (ARC) subsystem to provide a second refrigeration effect with a second range of temperature based on the thermal energy; a brine refrigeration cycle (BRC) subsystem to generate and store when there is no cooling demand and provide a third refrigeration effect with a third range of temperature based on the electrical power generated by the ERC subsystem and the ice being melted; and an adsorption refrigeration cycle (ADRC) subsystem to provide a fourth refrigeration effect with a fourth range of temperature based on the thermal energy.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 27/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
• B01D 1/26 - Multiple-effect evaporating
• B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
• B01D 61/02 - Reverse osmosisHyperfiltration
• B01D 61/08 - Apparatus therefor
• C02F 1/04 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
• C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
• C02F 103/08 - Seawater, e.g. for desalination
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• F22B 1/00 - Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
• F24S 20/20 - Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups
• F28D 20/02 - Heat storage plants or apparatus in generalRegenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups or using latent heat

Abstract

The system has a non-rebound substrate and a first frame disposed around a peripheral edge thereof. The system further has an array of sensors, a digital sensor interface, and a control unit. The array of sensors is disposed in a center portion of the first frame. The array of sensors has at least 9 accelerometers configured in rows in a rectangular array in the central portion of the first frame. The control unit has a processor electrically connected to the digital sensor interface to receive data from the array of sensors, and has instructions to calculate a force, an impact point, and a distance from a user to the system based on the data received from the array of sensors.

IPC Classes  ?

• A63B 24/00 - Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of groups
• A63B 63/00 - Targets or goals for ball games

Abstract

Copper—boron—ferrite (Cu—B—Fe) composites may be prepared and immobilized on graphite electrodes in a silica-based sol-gel, e.g., from rice husks. Different bimetallic loading ratios can produce fast in-situ electrogeneration of reactive oxygen species, H2O2 and ⋅OH, e.g., via droplet flow-assisted heterogeneous electro-Fenton reactor system. Loading ratios of, e.g., 10 to 30 wt. % Fe3+ and 5 to 15% wt. Cu2+, can improve the catalytic activities towards pharmaceutical beta blockers (atenolol and propranolol) degradation in water. Degradation efficiencies of at least 99.9% for both propranolol and atenolol in hospital wastewater were demonstrated. Radicals of ⋅OH in degradation indicate a surface mechanism at inventive cathodes with correlated contributions of iron and copper. Copper and iron can be embedded in porous graphite electrode surface and catalyze the conversion of H2O2 to ⋅OH to enhance the degradation. Inventive cathodes can be stable catalytically after 20 or more cycles under neutral and acidic conditions.

IPC Classes  ?

• C02F 1/461 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
• C02F 1/467 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection
• C02F 101/30 - Organic compounds
• C02F 103/00 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
• C23C 18/12 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
• C25B 11/043 - Carbon, e.g. diamond or graphene
• C25B 11/057 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of a single element or compound
• C25B 11/091 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds

Abstract

A dual feed slot-based circularly polarized wideband ultra high frequency (UHF) antenna for a cubic shaped satellite (Cube-Sat) is described. The UHF antenna includes a circuit board, a metallic layer, a hexagonal meandered slot, a capacitor, a first feed horn, and a second feed horn. The circuit board has a front side and a back side separated by a dielectric material. The metallic layer covers the back side of the circuit board. The hexagonal meandered slot symmetrically includes six legs of equal length and six vertexes. The capacitor is switchably connected to the metallic layer. The first feed horn is connected by a first feed line to a first edge of the front side of the circuit board. The second feed horn is connected by a second feed line to a second edge of the front side of the circuit board.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 13/10 - Resonant slot antennas
• H01Q 1/28 - Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
• H01Q 1/48 - Earthing meansEarth screensCounterpoises

Abstract

A distillation apparatus having a hot liquid block, a thermoelectric module (TEM), a condensation surface, a feed liquid chamber having a feed chamber inlet, a feed chamber outlet, and a membrane disposed on at least one side of the feed liquid chamber. One side of the membrane faces to the condensation surface. A water gap of 1 mm to 20 cm separates the condensation surface and the membrane. A permeate outlet in fluid communication with the water gap. A heating unit in fluid communication with the feed liquid chamber and the hot liquid block. A cooling unit in fluid communication with the permeate outlet. A multi-stage distillation apparatus with a plurality of distillation apparatuses. A process of distilling water, by feeding a liquid into the distillation apparatus through the hot block inlet and collecting distilled water from the permeate outlet.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 61/36 - PervaporationMembrane distillationLiquid permeation
• C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis

Abstract

2 uptake around 1.63 wt. % for Zn—Cu-BTC, around 1.61 wt. % for Ni—Cu-BTC, around 1.63 wt. % for Fe—Cu-BTC, and around 1.12 wt. % for Co—Cu-BTC.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 1/08 - Copper compounds
• C01B 3/00 - HydrogenGaseous mixtures containing hydrogenSeparation of hydrogen from mixtures containing itPurification of hydrogen
• C07F 3/06 - Zinc compounds
• C07F 15/02 - Iron compounds
• C07F 15/04 - Nickel compounds
• C07F 15/06 - Cobalt compounds

Abstract

A membrane sorbent is described, which comprises 1-6 wt % silicon carbide nanoparticles dispersed in a polymer matrix. The polymer matrix may comprise polysulfone and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The membrane sorbent is used for separating oil from a contaminated water mixture. The silicon carbide nanoparticles of the membrane sorbent may be made from rice husk ash.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 71/02 - Inorganic material
• B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
• B01D 69/14 - Dynamic membranes
• B01D 71/44 - Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of groups
• B01D 71/62 - Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain
• B01D 71/68 - PolysulfonesPolyethersulfones
• C01B 32/956 - Silicon carbide
• C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
• C02F 101/32 - Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
• C02F 103/36 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the chemical industry not provided for in groups from the manufacture of organic compounds

Abstract

A bi-directional optical communication system employing a minimum number of single-mode high repetition rate pulsed optical signal sources to achieve cost efficiency while maintaining high data rates. The bi-directional optical communication system includes a first optical data processing unit and a second optical data processing unit. The first optical data processing unit modulates a pulsed optical source using a differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPSK) modulation and two-level pulse amplitude (PAM-2) modulation and then demodulates it to achieve a pulse amplitude modulated signal. The second optical data processing unit reuses the same optical carrier by passing it through a regenerative wavelength converter to generate three pulsed optical carriers at different wavelengths and employs an On-off keying (OOK) modulation scheme. These carriers are employed to send uplink data at a same rate of as the downlink. As a result, large data is transmitted from one data center to another data center through a downlink and uplink free space optical link network.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04B 10/508 - Pulse generation, e.g. generation of solitons
• H04B 10/079 - Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systemsArrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
• H04B 10/112 - Line-of-sight transmission over an extended range
• H04B 10/40 - Transceivers
• H04B 10/516 - Details of coding or modulation
• H04B 10/524 - Pulse modulation
• H04B 10/54 - Intensity modulation
• H04B 10/556 - Digital modulation, e.g. differential phase shift keying [DPSK] or frequency shift keying [FSK]
• H04B 10/572 - Wavelength control
• H04B 10/61 - Coherent receivers

Abstract

A bi-directional optical communication system employing a minimum number of single-mode high repetition rate pulsed optical signal sources to achieve cost efficiency while maintaining high data rates. The bi-directional optical communication system includes a first optical data processing unit and a second optical data processing unit. The first optical data processing unit modulates a pulsed optical source using a differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPSK) modulation and two-level pulse amplitude (PAM-2) modulation and then demodulates it to achieve a pulse amplitude modulated signal. The second optical data processing unit reuses the same optical carrier by passing it through a regenerative wavelength converter to generate three pulsed optical carriers at different wavelengths and employs an On-off keying (OOK) modulation scheme. These carriers are employed to send uplink data at a same rate of as the downlink. As a result, large data is transmitted from one data center to another data center through a downlink and uplink free space optical link network.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04B 10/112 - Line-of-sight transmission over an extended range
• H04B 10/079 - Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systemsArrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
• H04B 10/40 - Transceivers
• H04B 10/508 - Pulse generation, e.g. generation of solitons
• H04B 10/516 - Details of coding or modulation
• H04B 10/524 - Pulse modulation
• H04B 10/54 - Intensity modulation
• H04B 10/556 - Digital modulation, e.g. differential phase shift keying [DPSK] or frequency shift keying [FSK]
• H04B 10/572 - Wavelength control
• H04B 10/61 - Coherent receivers

Abstract

Copper-boron-ferrite (Cu—B—Fe) composites may be prepared and immobilized on graphite electrodes in a silica-based sol-gel, e.g., from rice husks. Different bimetallic loading ratios can produce fast in-situ electrogeneration of reactive oxygen species, H2O2 and ·OH, e.g., via droplet flow-assisted heterogeneous electro-Fenton reactor system. Loading ratios of, e.g., 10 to 30 wt. % Fe3+ and 5 to 15% wt. Cu2+, can improve the catalytic activities towards pharmaceutical beta blockers (atenolol and propranolol) degradation in water. Degradation efficiencies of at least 99.9% for both propranolol and atenolol in hospital wastewater were demonstrated. Radicals of ·OH in degradation indicate a surface mechanism at inventive cathodes with correlated contributions of iron and copper. Copper and iron can be embedded in porous graphite electrode surface and catalyze the conversion of H2O2 to ·OH to enhance the degradation. Inventive cathodes can be stable catalytically after 20 or more cycles under neutral and acidic conditions.

IPC Classes  ?

• C02F 1/461 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
• C02F 1/467 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection
• C02F 101/30 - Organic compounds
• C02F 103/00 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
• C23C 18/12 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
• C25B 11/043 - Carbon, e.g. diamond or graphene
• C25B 11/057 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of a single element or compound
• C25B 11/091 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds

Abstract

A dual feed slot-based circularly polarized wideband ultra high frequency (UHF) antenna for a cubic shaped satellite (Cube-Sat) is described. The UHF antenna includes a circuit board, a metallic layer, a hexagonal meandered slot, a capacitor, a first feed horn, and a second feed horn. The circuit board has a front side and a back side separated by a dielectric material. The metallic layer covers the back side of the circuit board. The hexagonal meandered slot symmetrically includes six legs of equal length and six vertexes. The capacitor is switchably connected to the metallic layer. The first feed horn is connected by a first feed line to a first edge of the front side of the circuit board. The second feed horn is connected by a second feed line to a second edge of the front side of the circuit board.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 13/10 - Resonant slot antennas
• H01Q 1/28 - Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
• H01Q 1/48 - Earthing meansEarth screensCounterpoises

Abstract

A second-order low-pass canonical filter designed for precise signal processing and a method for assembling and a method for low pass filtering a current signal are described. The filter comprises two main stages. The first stage includes a current source that feeds into a first programmable current division network (CDN), which is in series with a first current follower (CF) having a single output terminal. This arrangement is followed by a first three output terminal CF circuit. The second stage consists of a second CDN network connected in series with the negative output of the first three output terminal CF circuit. A second single output terminal CF in series with the second CDN2 is connected to a second three output terminal CF, whose negative output terminal provides a low pass filtered output current I0. This filter architecture is particularly advantageous for applications requiring stable and adjustable frequency filtering capabilities.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03H 11/12 - Frequency selective two-port networks using amplifiers with feedback
• H03F 3/45 - Differential amplifiers

Abstract

A method for first arrival picking of seismic data includes receiving a seismic shot record data set from a seismic event, extracting texture features from the seismic shot record data set, calculating an energy ratio matrix from the seismic shot record data set, using fuzzy c-means to cluster the texture features into a strong linear cluster, a moderate linear cluster, and a random noise cluster, calculating a first arrival class matrix from the moderate linear cluster, multiplying the first arrival class matrix by the energy ratio matrix to obtain a first arrival pick matrix, and identifying first arrival picks from the first arrival pick matrix.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01V 1/30 - Analysis

Abstract

A computer system and method having an energy-efficient multi-biometric authentication that includes a fingerprint scanner, a camera, a memory, and a processing circuitry. The processing circuitry reads a predefined probability from the memory and generates a random number. The processing circuitry inputs a user ID and retrieves a trust value for the user from a trust database. The processing circuitry obtains a scanned user fingerprint using a fingerprint scanner and obtains a captured user face using the camera. The processing circuitry applies a reward to the trust value to increase the trust value when the scanned user fingerprint is substantially the same as the stored user fingerprint and the captured user face is substantially the same as a stored user face in a face database, store the trust value as the cumulative trust value for the user, and authenticate the user to allow access to the computer system.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 21/32 - User authentication using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voiceprints

Abstract

2 to ·OH to enhance the degradation. Inventive cathodes can be stable catalytically after 20 or more cycles under neutral and acidic conditions.

IPC Classes  ?

• B32B 9/00 - Layered products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups
• C02F 1/461 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
• C02F 1/467 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection
• C23C 18/12 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
• C25B 11/043 - Carbon, e.g. diamond or graphene
• C25B 11/057 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of a single element or compound
• C25B 11/091 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
• C02F 101/30 - Organic compounds
• C02F 103/00 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated

Abstract

A method for producing a chromium nitride (CrN) thin film is provided. The method includes reactive radio frequency magnetron sputtering chromium onto a substrate in the presence of a gaseous mixture including nitrogen and argon to form the CrN thin film, where a ratio of the nitrogen gas to the argon gas is 1:2 to 1:10, and where the CrN thin film has an average thickness of 500 to 1500 nm. The CrN film as prepared by the method of the present disclosure can be used in sensors for cryogenic temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

• C23C 14/35 - Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
• C23C 14/06 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material

Abstract

A floating solar photovoltaic system and a method for cooling a back surface of a photovoltaic panel are described. The floating solar photovoltaic system includes a rectangular float having a divided top platform and four interconnected walls, and a cross-shaped support configured to fit between the walls and holding four pontoons within openings formed thereby. An anchoring system maintains positional stability using concrete blocks interconnected by plastic-coated stainless-steel wires. A bi-facial solar photovoltaic panel is supported by the cross-shaped support, upon triangular braces, to generate electrical power from solar radiation. A waterproof control panel cabinet is also supported with the cross-shaped support. The floating solar photovoltaic system implements environmental monitoring through temperature and irradiance sensors, with data collection and wireless transmission capabilities. An integrated power management system enables both energy storage and transmission through a maximum power point tracking converter.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02S 20/30 - Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
• B63B 35/44 - Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
• H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
• H02J 7/35 - Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
• H02S 40/32 - Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
• H02S 40/34 - Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
• H02S 40/38 - Energy storage means, e.g. batteries, structurally associated with PV modules
• H02S 40/42 - Cooling means
• H02S 50/00 - Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification

Abstract

A secure data transmission system between multiple IOT entities includes a base station with a first program instruction in a first processing unit, and multiple clusters. Each cluster includes a cluster head having a second program instruction in a second processing unit. The cluster head is communicatively connected to the base station. Each cluster further includes multiple cluster members. Each member has a third program instruction in a third processing unit and is communicatively connected to the cluster head with a single-hop connection and is configured to sense multiple data entities. First, second and third program instructions include, a first, a second and a third data transmission protocol respectively, for data transmission, between the base station and the cluster head, between the cluster head and each cluster member and between the base station and the cluster head, and between the cluster member and the cluster head of the cluster, respectively.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 12/033 - Protecting confidentiality, e.g. by encryption of the user plane, e.g. user’s traffic
• H04W 12/041 - Key generation or derivation
• H04W 12/0431 - Key distribution or pre-distributionKey agreement

Abstract

A lightweight cement composition contains a curable component in an amount of 15 to 25 wt. %, a fine aggregate (FA) in an amount of 40 to 45 wt. %, a coarse aggregate (CA) in an amount of 3 to 30 wt. %, each wt. % based on a total weight of the lightweight cement composition. The CA contains a form-stabilized phase change material (FS-PCM) composite having a core of scoria-polyethylene glycol (SCP) composite and a cement shell. A cured lightweight cement specimen, and a method of making the cured lightweight cement specimen.

IPC Classes  ?

• C04B 20/10 - Coating or impregnating
• C04B 14/16 - Minerals of vulcanic origin porous, e.g. pumice
• C04B 16/04 - Macromolecular compounds
• C04B 28/04 - Portland cements
• C04B 40/00 - Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
• C04B 103/00 - Function or property of the active ingredients
• C04B 111/40 - Porous or lightweight materials

Abstract

A method for the classification and detection of faults in a microgrid having a distance relay, includes measuring the first plurality of voltage signals and the first plurality of current signals of the microgrid, calculating a plurality of fault-loop impedance signals, comparing the plurality of fault-loop impedance signals and a plurality of reference impedance values, inputting the plurality of difference values to a convolutional neural network (CNN)-gated recurrent unit (GRU) hybrid model, generating a reference tripping signal, defining a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agent for a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) model. The method further includes processing a second plurality of voltage signals and current signals of microgrid and classifying the one or more fault signals into one or more fault types.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/08 - Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
• G06N 3/045 - Combinations of networks
• G06N 3/092 - Reinforcement learning

Abstract

An additive manufacturing system based on electromagnetic induction heating is proposed for making three dimensional structures using thermosets. The additive manufacturing system that includes a resin bath containing an electromagnetically sensitive resin liquid, a support platform having an adjustable support platform height such that the support platform can be reversibly submerged in an electromagnetically sensitive resin liquid contained in the resin bath and a support platform adjustment motor connected to the support platform. The system further includes a movable head positioned above the support platform and including an electromagnetic radiation generating device, a head adjustment motor connected to the movable head and configured to adjust a position of the movable head, and a controller configured to control the support platform and the position of the movable head. The movable head is configured to move in a 3D space above the support platform and have the electromagnetic radiation from the movable head heat a portion of the electromagnetically sensitive resin liquid contained directly below the movable head.

IPC Classes  ?

• B29C 64/129 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask
• B29C 64/264 - Arrangements for irradiation
• B29C 64/393 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
• B29K 101/10 - Thermosetting resins
• B29K 105/16 - Fillers
• B29K 505/08 - Transition metals
• B33Y 10/00 - Processes of additive manufacturing
• B33Y 30/00 - Apparatus for additive manufacturingDetails thereof or accessories therefor
• B33Y 50/02 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
• B33Y 70/10 - Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials

Abstract

A method of producing a cooled dry gas is provided. The method includes exposing an input gas to an aqueous saline solution having a temperature of 20 to 80° C. to produce a first intermediate gas. In addition, the method further includes exposing the first intermediate gas to freshwater having a temperature of greater than −5° C. to less than 20° C. to produce a second intermediate gas. The method also includes cooling the second intermediate gas to a temperature of −40 to −5° C. to produce a cooled gas. The method further includes exposing the cooled gas to a chemical adsorbent to produce a saturated adsorbent and the cooled dry gas.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
• B01D 11/00 - Solvent extraction
• B01D 47/02 - Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath
• B01D 53/26 - Drying gases or vapours
• B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides

Abstract

2− ions to medium binding energy oxygen vacancies in a range of 0.1 to 1.0, and a method of fabricating a gas sensor by thermally oxidizing a metal thin film under low oxygen partial pressure. Various combinations of embodiments of the hydrogen gas sensor and the method of fabricating the gas sensor are provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups
• C23C 8/16 - Oxidising using oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. H2O, CO2
• G01N 27/12 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluidInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid
• G01N 27/407 - Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases

Abstract

A system and methods relate to an aerial access network (AAN). The system comprises multiple control layer units, multiple forwarding layer units, and multiple access layer units. A first control layer unit in the multiple control layer units is configured to administrate the multiple forwarding layer units and the multiple access layer units and perform first data transmissions between the multiple forwarding layer units and a ground base station. A first forwarding layer unit is configured to be associated with at least one access layer unit and perform second data transmissions between the at least one access layer unit and one of the first control layer unit or the ground base station. A first access layer unit is configured to be associated with at least one user equipment (UE) and perform third data transmissions between the first forwarding layer unit and the at least one UE.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04B 7/185 - Space-based or airborne stations
• H04L 45/745 - Address table lookupAddress filtering

Abstract

A method, material composition and apparatus for forming a three-dimensional structure using single part epoxy resins via electromagnetic induction heating. The method includes making a base matrix phase containing an epoxy resin and a latent curing agent with magneto-sensitive particles to obtain an electromagnetic (EM) phase. The mixture is transferred to a molding vessel having an electromagnetic induction heater positioned a first distance away from a top surface of the EM resin system and cured with the electromagnetic induction heater to form a three-dimensional structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• B29C 64/291 - Arrangements for irradiation for operating globally, e.g. together with selectively applied activators or inhibitors
• B29C 64/314 - Preparation
• B29K 63/00 - Use of epoxy resins as moulding material
• B29K 105/16 - Fillers
• B29K 505/12 - Iron
• B33Y 10/00 - Processes of additive manufacturing
• B33Y 30/00 - Apparatus for additive manufacturingDetails thereof or accessories therefor

Abstract

2− ions to medium binding energy oxygen vacancies in a range of 0.1 to 1.0, and a method of fabricating a gas sensor by thermally oxidizing a metal thin film under low oxygen partial pressure. Various combinations of embodiments of the hydrogen gas sensor and the method of fabricating the gas sensor are provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups
• C23C 8/16 - Oxidising using oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. H2O, CO2
• G01N 27/12 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluidInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid
• G01N 27/407 - Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases

Abstract

The systems of the present disclosure include a solar-powered steam Rankine cycle (SRC) subsystem to convert solar energy into thermal energy and store the thermal energy; an ejector refrigeration cycle (ERC) subsystem to provide a first refrigeration effect with a first range of temperature based on the thermal energy; an absorption refrigeration cycle (ARC) subsystem to provide a second refrigeration effect with a second range of temperature based on the thermal energy; a brine refrigeration cycle (BRC) subsystem to generate and store when there is no cooling demand and provide a third refrigeration effect with a third range of temperature based on the electrical power generated by the ERC subsystem and the ice being melted; and an adsorption refrigeration cycle (ADRC) subsystem to provide a fourth refrigeration effect with a fourth range of temperature based on the thermal energy.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 27/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
• B01D 1/26 - Multiple-effect evaporating
• B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
• B01D 61/02 - Reverse osmosisHyperfiltration
• B01D 61/08 - Apparatus therefor
• C02F 1/04 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
• C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
• C02F 103/08 - Seawater, e.g. for desalination
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• F22B 1/00 - Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
• F24S 20/20 - Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
• F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups
• F28D 20/02 - Heat storage plants or apparatus in generalRegenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups or using latent heat

Abstract

A photonic crystal fiber-based surface plasmon resonance (PCF-SPR) sensor to detect a refractive index of an analyte includes a fiber core having a first scale-down (SCD) cavity having a first diameter, multiple second SCD cavities each having a second diameter, multiple third SCD cavities each having a third diameter, and a groove. A surface of the groove is coated with a metal having a first thickness. The sensor includes an analyte channel having a second thickness and is in contact with the metal. The analyte channel surrounds the fiber core and is configured to stream the analyte. The sensor further includes an outer layer surrounding the analyte channel. The refractive index of the analyte is detected based on an intensity lost by an incident light passing through the PCF-SPR sensor due to dissipation of plasmonic energy.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 21/41 - RefractivityPhase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
• G02B 6/02 - Optical fibres with cladding

Abstract

A method of illuminating a pavement including mixing asphaltenes and a polymer in a solvent to form a solution. The method further includes coating the pavement with the solution and evaporating the solvent to form a coated pavement, followed by irradiating the coated pavement. Following the irradiation, the asphaltenes emit light, thereby illuminating the pavement. The asphaltenes are homogeneously dispersed in a polymer matrix in the coated pavement. The polymer has a formula (I) as follows, 2 are each independently an optionally substituted alkyl group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an optionally substituted aryl group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and n is 2 to 10000.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08K 3/11 - Compounds containing metals of Groups 4 to 10 or of Groups 14 to 16 of the Periodic Table
• C08K 3/105 - Compounds containing metals of Groups 1 to 3 or of Groups 11 to 13 of the Periodic Table
• C08K 3/30 - Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
• C08L 35/02 - Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
• C08L 95/00 - Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar or pitch
• C09K 11/56 - Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent, materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing sulfur
• C09K 11/61 - Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent, materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine or unspecified halogen elements
• C09K 11/88 - Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent, materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing selenium, tellurium or unspecified chalcogen elements

Abstract

2S) from a subterranean geological formation using a nanocomposite material includes injecting a drilling fluid suspension with a pH of 10 or more containing a nanocomposite material in an amount of 0.01 to 1.5 percent by weight of the drilling fluid suspension into the subterranean geological formation. The nanocomposite material is a layered triple hydroxide material including copper, magnesium, iron, and a zeolitic imidazolate framework-67. The method further includes circulating the drilling fluid suspension in the subterranean geological formation and forming a water-based mud and scavenging the hydrogen sulfide from the subterranean geological formation by reacting the hydrogen sulfide with the nanocomposite material in the water-based mud.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 8/54 - Compositions for in situ inhibition of corrosion in boreholes or wells
• C09K 8/16 - Clay-containing compositions characterised by the inorganic compounds other than clay
• C09K 8/20 - Natural organic compounds or derivatives thereof, e.g. polysaccharides or lignin derivatives
• C09K 8/22 - Synthetic organic compounds
• E21B 21/00 - Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor

Abstract

A method of removing hydrogen sulfide from a subterranean geological formation includes injecting a drilling fluid suspension in the subterranean geological formation. The drilling fluid suspension has a pH of 10 or more and includes a layered triple hydroxide material, including manganese, copper, and aluminum, in an amount of 0.01 to 1.5 percent by weight of the drilling fluid suspension. The method further includes circulating the drilling fluid suspension in the subterranean geological formation and forming a water-based mud and scavenging the hydrogen sulfide from the subterranean geological formation by reacting the hydrogen sulfide with the layered triple hydroxide material in the water-based mud.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 8/54 - Compositions for in situ inhibition of corrosion in boreholes or wells
• B01D 53/52 - Hydrogen sulfide
• B01D 53/78 - Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
• C01G 45/22 - Compounds containing manganese, with or without oxygen or hydrogen, and containing two or more other elements
• C09K 8/03 - Specific additives for general use in well-drilling compositions
• E21B 21/00 - Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
• E21B 41/02 - Equipment or details not covered by groups in situ inhibition of corrosion in boreholes or wells

Abstract

A method of reducing carbon dioxide, with a catalyst including silver, copper, and melamine, where the catalyst includes 1-20 wt. % silver based on a weight of the copper, where particles of the catalyst have a polygonal shape and an average size of 0.5-3 μm, and where the copper and the silver form a complex with the melamine.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/23 - Carbon monoxide or syngas
• C01B 32/40 - Carbon monoxide
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 3/07 - Oxygen containing compounds
• C25B 3/26 - Reduction of carbon dioxide
• C25B 9/17 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof
• C25B 11/02 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
• C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
• C25B 11/095 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one of the compounds being organic

Abstract

An apparatus, for detecting mercury and total organic carbon, includes a first three-way T connected to a tube furnace, an absorption cell, and a three-way solenoid valve connected to a pressure regulator and a halogen trap. The tube furnace generates burnt products of samples including carbon dioxide, halogen acid, and mercury. The tube furnace is connected to a cylindrical outlet containing a mercury collection tube, which contains an absorptive material comprising gold particles and is disposed in the cylindrical outlet such that gases passing through the cylindrical outlet pass entirely through the mercury collection tube. The pressure regulator regulates a flow speed of an air or oxygen flow fed into the second three-way solenoid valve. The halogen trap removes the halogen acid from the burnt products. The apparatus further includes a non-dispersive infrared detector coupled to the halogen trap and detecting the carbon dioxide in the burnt products.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups
• G01N 21/3504 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
• H05B 3/42 - Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible

Abstract

A method of reducing carbon dioxide, with a catalyst including silver, copper, and melamine, where the catalyst includes 1-20 wt. % silver based on a weight of the copper, where particles of the catalyst have a polygonal shape and an average size of 0.5-3 μm, and where the copper and the silver form a complex with the melamine.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/02 - Hydrogen or oxygen
• C01B 32/40 - Carbon monoxide
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 1/23 - Carbon monoxide or syngas
• C25B 3/07 - Oxygen containing compounds
• C25B 3/26 - Reduction of carbon dioxide
• C25B 9/17 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof
• C25B 11/02 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
• C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
• C25B 11/095 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one of the compounds being organic

Abstract

The present disclosure describes an intermittency-based analyte sensor and a method for using the intermittency-based analyte sensor. The intermittency-based analyte sensor includes a microcantilever, a substrate, a plurality of electrodes, a contact pad and a microcontroller. The microcantilever has a micromechanical beam having has a fixed end and a free end. The substrate is connected to the fixed end of the micromechanical beam. The plurality of electrodes are configured to connect to a biased source of alternating voltage. The frequency of the alternating voltage is in a frequency range which generates intermittencies in a motion of the free end. The microcontroller monitors a frequency response of the micromechanical beam; compares the frequency response to a calibration curve, and provides an alert that an analyte has deposited on the surface of the micromechanical beam when the frequency response is less than a calibrated frequency response.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/22 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance

Abstract

A floating solar photovoltaic system and a method for cooling a back surface of a photovoltaic panel are described. The floating solar photovoltaic system includes a rectangular float having a divided top platform and four interconnected walls, and a cross-shaped support configured to fit between the walls and holding four pontoons within openings formed thereby. An anchoring system maintains positional stability using concrete blocks interconnected by plastic-coated stainless-steel wires. A bi-facial solar photovoltaic panel is supported by the cross-shaped support, upon triangular braces, to generate electrical power from solar radiation. A waterproof control panel cabinet is also supported with the cross-shaped support. The floating solar photovoltaic system implements environmental monitoring through temperature and irradiance sensors, with data collection and wireless transmission capabilities. An integrated power management system enables both energy storage and transmission through a maximum power point tracking converter.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02S 20/30 - Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
• B63B 35/44 - Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
• H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
• H02J 7/35 - Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
• H02S 40/32 - Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
• H02S 40/34 - Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
• H02S 40/38 - Energy storage means, e.g. batteries, structurally associated with PV modules
• H02S 40/42 - Cooling means
• H02S 50/00 - Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification

Abstract

A method including exciting a nanophosphor tracer of a compound of formula MgAlxGeyO3:zPr3+ nanoparticles, where x+y=1, and z is 0.1-0.5% with light, and further injecting the nanophosphor tracer at a first location in a subterranean geological reservoir where the nanophosphor tracer mixes with a subsurface fluid in the subterranean geological reservoir. The method further includes collecting a fluid sample from a second location in the subterranean geological reservoir and analyzing the fluid sample to detect the presence of the nanophosphor tracer in the fluid sample.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 8/58 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
• C01G 17/00 - Compounds of germanium
• C09K 11/77 - Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent, materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
• E21B 47/11 - Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements using tracersLocating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements using radioactivity

Abstract

A method and apparatus for converting an input frequency to a voltage signal using a passive band-pass filter. The method includes providing an input signal having a specified frequency and amplitude to a passive band-pass filter. The method also includes obtaining an attenuated signal corresponding to the input signal from the passive band-pass filter. The method also includes providing the attenuated signal to a peak detector to obtain a direct current (DC) signal having an output voltage proportional to the specified frequency. The passive circuitry includes a first circuit to receive an input signal having a specified frequency and amplitude, and output an attenuated signal corresponding to the input signal. The passive circuitry also includes a second circuit to convert the attenuated signal to a DC signal having an output voltage proportional to the specified frequency.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 23/06 - Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rateArrangements for measuring period of current or voltage by converting frequency into an amplitude of current or voltage
• G01R 19/25 - Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
• H03H 11/04 - Frequency selective two-port networks

Abstract

A method of emulsion detection includes executing an oil production process from a volume of a formation. While executing the oil production process, conducting real-time spectral induced polarization (SIP) measurements of the volume of the formation to determine a real-time real conductivity value (RCV) of a matrix material in the volume of the formation. The method further includes determining an onset of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion formation in the volume of the formation by analyzing the real-time RCV of the matrix material and optionally identifying the onset of the W/O emulsion formation when the real-time RCV first exceeds a first threshold value.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 33/28 - Oils
• G01N 15/00 - Investigating characteristics of particlesInvestigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
• G01N 15/02 - Investigating particle size or size distribution
• G01N 15/0205 - Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means
• G01V 3/06 - Electric or magnetic prospecting or detectingMeasuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination or deviation operating with propagation of electric current using AC

Abstract

A computer-implemented method for predicting a Seawater intrusion index in coastal aquifers in arid regions with multiple parameters in groundwater for a sustainable groundwater management includes selecting multiple parameters based on the level of informative contribution and the multicollinearity to obtain an input dataset, partitioning the input dataset into a modeling dataset and a testing dataset, dividing the modeling dataset into a training set and a validation set and tuning hyperparameters based on a grid search strategy for each model, training each model based on the training set and hyperparameters, evaluating each model based on the validation set and multiple statistical performance metrics, selecting a prediction model based on the testing dataset and the multiple statistical performance, predicting the Seawater intrusion index from the prediction model, and creating an adaptive groundwater management strategy based on the SWI index.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06N 20/00 - Machine learning
• G06N 5/022 - Knowledge engineeringKnowledge acquisition

Abstract

A method of synthesizing a hydroxyapatite (HAp) product from eggshells, including reacting eggshells with an inorganic base in a polar solvent to decarbonize the eggshells and form a calcium hydroxide material and a sodium carbonate material and mixing the calcium hydroxide material, in a polar solvent at a pH of greater than 10, with a phosphate salt to form a mixture including the hydroxyapatite product. A ratio of the calcium hydroxide material to the phosphate salt is from 1:1 to 5:1. The method further includes microwave irradiating the mixture for 1 to 10 minutes (min) at a temperature from 80 to 120 degrees Celsius (° C.), filtering the mixture to collect the hydroxyapatite product, and further drying the hydroxyapatite product.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 25/32 - Phosphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium
• B82Y 5/00 - Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery

Abstract

A distillation apparatus having a hot liquid block, a thermoelectric module (TEM), a condensation surface, a feed liquid chamber having a feed chamber inlet, a feed chamber outlet, and a membrane disposed on at least one side of the feed liquid chamber. One side of the membrane faces to the condensation surface. A water gap of 1 mm to 20 cm separates the condensation surface and the membrane. A permeate outlet in fluid communication with the water gap. A heating unit in fluid communication with the feed liquid chamber and the hot liquid block. A cooling unit in fluid communication with the permeate outlet. A multi-stage distillation apparatus with a plurality of distillation apparatuses. A process of distilling water, by feeding a liquid into the distillation apparatus through the hot block inlet and collecting distilled water from the permeate outlet.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 61/36 - PervaporationMembrane distillationLiquid permeation
• C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis

Abstract

A distillation apparatus having a hot liquid block, a thermoelectric module (TEM), a condensation surface, a feed liquid chamber having a feed chamber inlet, a feed chamber outlet, and a membrane disposed on at least one side of the feed liquid chamber. One side of the membrane faces to the condensation surface. An air gap of 1 mm to 20 cm separates the condensation surface and the membrane. A permeate outlet in fluid communication with the air gap. A heating unit in fluid communication with the feed liquid chamber and the hot liquid block. A cooling unit in fluid communication with the permeate outlet. A multi-stage distillation apparatus with a plurality of distillation apparatuses. A process of distilling water, by feeding a liquid into the distillation apparatus through the hot block inlet and collecting distilled water from the permeate outlet.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 61/36 - PervaporationMembrane distillationLiquid permeation
• B01D 63/08 - Flat membrane modules
• B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
• C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
• C02F 103/08 - Seawater, e.g. for desalination