Abstract

A system for protection from fires and electrical shock of components used in construction of electrical systems is disclosed using a sensing degree of characteristic before an arc fault, with the purpose to detect, annunciate, and remove the hazard before an electrical arc occurs.

IPC Classes  ?

• G08B 17/00 - Fire alarmsAlarms responsive to explosion
• G01K 11/18 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance of materials which change translucency
• G01K 11/06 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using melting, freezing, or softening
• G01R 31/02 - Testing of electric apparatus, lines, or components for short-circuits, discontinuities, leakage, or incorrect line connection
• H02S 40/34 - Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
• H01H 85/055 - Fusible members
• H01H 85/26 - Magazine arrangements
• H01H 85/42 - Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc using an arc-extinguishing gas
• H02H 3/08 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to excess current
• H01H 71/14 - Electrothermal mechanisms
• H02H 3/04 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned

Abstract

A method, apparatus, and system for protection from fires and electrical shock of components used in construction of electrical conduits is disclosed using non-electrical means to disrupt flow of electricity before an arc fault, with the purpose to disrupt flow of current before risk of arcing. The purpose of this invention is to remove the hazard before an electrical arc occurs.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02H 5/04 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
• G01K 11/18 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance of materials which change translucency
• G01K 11/06 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using melting, freezing, or softening
• G01R 31/02 - Testing of electric apparatus, lines, or components for short-circuits, discontinuities, leakage, or incorrect line connection
• H02S 40/34 - Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
• H01H 85/055 - Fusible members
• H01H 85/26 - Magazine arrangements
• H01H 85/42 - Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc using an arc-extinguishing gas
• H02H 3/08 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to excess current
• H01H 71/14 - Electrothermal mechanisms

Abstract

An apparatus and system for secure packaging, shipment, receipt and storage of mail, parcels and parcels is described. The apparatus includes an appliqué with a multitude of sensitized residue within that surround the parcel; the residue in the media forms a unique optical fingerprint, which is an exemplar image data for comparison. Substantial damage to one or more fibers alters the optical fingerprint pattern. The data is read and independently verified at waypoints and the destination. Comparing the current image data to the exemplar image data indicates damage or tampering.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints
• G07D 7/20 - Testing patterns thereon
• G07D 7/12 - Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation

Abstract

A system for autonomous protection from fires and electrical shock of components used in construction of photovoltaic arrays is disclosed. The system detects conditions that left unattended will result in conflagration of combustible materials and unwanted electrification. The disclosed system provides an active control mechanism that operates to take defective components off line and thus provide protection from fire and electrification hazards that otherwise could arise. The system also provides means for annunciation and notification when actions are taken. The system can be used, for example, to determine that a photovoltaic (PV) module is at risk of conflagration of its flammable structural elements due to intense heat of plasma produced by a direct current (DC) arc at a point in the grid of conductors that collect and carry current from photovoltaic cells exposed to solar irradiation.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02H 3/00 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection
• H02H 1/00 - Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
• H02H 7/20 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for electronic equipment