Abstract

A method, equation, system, and device for electrically heating Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and other transparent conductive materials having a uniform sheet resistivity for defogging and de-icing in a cold environment. The use of nonparallel busbars for connecting the conductive materials reduces excessive and dangerous hot zones. The mathematical analysis and equations provide a means of precisely providing an intermittent electrical connection so that the Watt density and heating is uniform, allowing much higher temperature for de-icing and defogging and more efficient use of energy. This same concept can be used for three dimensional formed heaters to compensate for non uniform sheet resistivity. Also shown are a means of improved busbar designs and an equation and a means of altering sheet resistivity to produce electric heaters with non parallel busbars of various shapes for uniform heating

IPC Classes  ?

• A61F 9/02 - Goggles
• H05B 3/84 - Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields

Abstract

A method, equation, system, and device for electrically heating Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and other transparent conductive materials having a uniform sheet resistivity for defogging and de-icing in a cold environment. The use of nonparallel busbars for connecting the conductive materials reduces excessive and dangerous hot zones. The mathematical analysis and equations provide a means of precisely providing an intermittent electrical connection so that the Watt density and heating is uniform, allowing much higher temperature for de-icing and defogging and more efficient use of energy. This same concept can be used for three dimensional formed heaters to compensate for non uniform sheet resistivity. Also shown are a means of improved busbar designs and an equation and a means of altering sheet resistivity to produce electric heaters with non parallel busbars of various shapes for uniform heating and Watt density.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05B 3/84 - Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
• A42B 1/0182 - Peaks or visors
• A61F 9/02 - Goggles
• G02C 11/08 - Anti-misting means, e.g. ventilating, heatingWipers
• H05B 3/12 - Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material

Abstract

A method, equation, system, and device for electrically heating Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and other transparent conductive materials having a uniform sheet resistivity for defogging and de-icing in a cold environment. The use of nonparallel busbars for connecting the conductive materials reduces excessive and dangerous hot zones. The mathematical analysis and equations provide a means of precisely providing an intermittent electrical connection so that the Watt density and heating is uniform, allowing much higher temperature for de-icing and defogging and more efficient use of energy. This same concept can be used for three dimensional formed heaters to compensate for non uniform sheet resistivity. Also shown are a means of improved busbar designs and an equation and a means of altering sheet resistivity to produce electric heaters with non parallel busbars of various shapes for uniform heating and Watt density.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05B 3/84 - Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
• A42B 1/0182 - Peaks or visors
• A61F 9/02 - Goggles
• G02C 11/08 - Anti-misting means, e.g. ventilating, heatingWipers
• H05B 3/12 - Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material