A method of preparing layered hydrotalcite-like PVC heat stabilizer from vermiculite is disclosed, including the following steps. Vermiculite is pretreated to prepare nano scale vermiculite flakes. Fluoride, ammonia and water are added, and layered powder layered hydrotalcite-like compound and silica product are prepared through a series of reactions such as ultrasonic dispersion, which realizes the preparation of vermiculite functional products, and is applied to PVC products to improve the heat stability of PVC. The disclosure can directly prepare vermiculite base layered powder products, has the function of stripping layered vermiculite, and has the advantages of low reaction temperature and low energy consumption. In addition, the treatment agent fluoride can be recycled and reused, which is suitable for industrial production. The prepared product has the advantages of excellent high temperature resistance, anti-aging performance, flame retardant performance as well as certain infrared and ultraviolet blocking capabilities.
A method for extracting and separating salt alkali from saline alkali soil and soil improvement is disclosed. A foundation pit, square convex edge and cylindrical partition are arranged on a saline alkali land. Nitric or phosphoric acid solution is added to obtain a saline alkali pool. A trench is set around, and/or, a cylinder is set in the center of saline alkali pool. The evaporating material is prepared from vermiculite, laid on plastic wrapping material, and/or added into the cylinder. The salt alkali is precipitated and enriched through natural evaporation. The evaporating material enriched with salt alkali is taken out to be dissolved, separated and washed to obtain saline alkali solution and vermiculite or evaporating material. The vermiculite material is returned for reuse, and the above process is repeated. Alkali solution and intercalation agent are added into saline alkali solution to react and crystallize to obtain functional materials.
A composting device includes a stirring device, a conveyor belt and a decomposing device. The stirring device, the conveyor belt and the decomposing device are connected successively. A composting method is further provided. An efficient device that can mix livestock and poultry manure, straws and additives fully and uniformly is researched and developed, a conventional method is broken, new innovation is achieved, and the efficiency is improved.
A method for producing an organic fertilizer enabling an increased microbial diversity and abundance in soil, and use of the organic fertilizer are provided. The method comprises composting fresh S. alopecuroides plants together with sheep and/or goat manure through anaerobic fermentation. It is found through experiments that, by applying the organic fertilizer produced by the method to a soil in which melon plants are grown, both abundance of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere of the plants and contents of soluble solids and sugar in fruit of the plants are increased. By a combination of taxonomic composition of the microbial communities in the rhizosphere and RDA analysis, it is further found that abundance of multiple bacterial and fungal species conducive to growth and disease resistance of the plants, is substantially increased and positively correlated with the soluble solids and sugar contents in the fruit.
A process for producing a surfactant having two head groups and a single tail group per molecule, including steps of: producing a compound of Formula (1) from ethanol and carbon disulfide; producing a compound of Formula (2) from a carboxylic acid and bromine; producing a compound of Formula (3) from the compound of Formula (2) and methanol; producing a compound of Formula (4) from the compound of Formula (1) and the compound of Formula (3); and producing a compound of Formula (5) from the compound of Formula (4) by a direct oxidation process or by a peracid oxidation process. The surfactant produced by the process has lower critical micelle concentration and enables a lower surface tension of a liquid as compared with prior surfactants with two head groups per molecule, thereby enabling the amount of surfactant required and thus the cost to be substantially reduced.
C09K 23/00 - Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
C07C 67/08 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
C07C 303/16 - Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acidsPreparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof by oxidation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides, or polysulfides with formation of sulfo or halosulfonyl groups
C07C 329/16 - Esters of dithiocarbonic acids having sulfur atoms of dithiocarbonic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
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