Abstract

This invention provides a lubricating oil composition comprising at least 80 wt %, based on the overall weight of the lubricating oil composition, of base oil, wherein the base oil is selected from Group II, Group III and Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils and mixtures thereof, one or more additives, other than citric acid, selected from the group consisting of anti-wear additives, rust and corrosion inhibitors, dispersants, extreme pressure additives, friction modifiers, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, anti-oxidants, and one or more of citric acid and a derivative thereof.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10M 129/36 - Carboxylic acidsSalts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 7 or less carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups
• C10M 145/10 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
• C10N 40/08 - Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids

Abstract

Implementations of the disclosed subject matter provide a process for capture of carbon dioxide from a gaseous feed stream. The process may include a direct air capture (DAC) unit comprising: a first and second inlet faces located on opposite sides of the DAC unit. A sorbent material may be located inside the DAC unit and at or behind each of the inlet faces. An outlet may be located at the top of the DAC unit and may provide an exit gaseous outlet stream. The exit gaseous outlet stream may have a flow that is produced by at least one fan. The process may include receiving a gaseous feed stream at the inlet faces. The gaseous feed stream may have an average CO2 concentration greater than 95% of the CO2 concentration of ambient air, by minimizing reingestion of the exit gaseous outlet stream, for any wind direction and any wind speed.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
• B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
• B01D 53/18 - Absorbing unitsLiquid distributors therefor

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for preparing a polyurethane foam, comprising reacting a polyisocyanate with a polyether polyol component a) in the presence of a blowing agent, wherein polyether polyol component a) comprises: a1) a first polyether polyol having a molecular weight of from 300 to 1,500 g/mol, a hydroxyl value of from 100 to 650 mg KOH/g and a propylene oxide content above 50 wt. %; and a2) a second polyether polyol having a molecular weight of from 500 to 1,700 g/mol, a hydroxyl value of from 50 to 650 mg KOH/g, an ethylene oxide content above 30 wt. %, a propylene oxide content below 50 wt. % and a primary hydroxyl content below 40%.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 18/48 - Polyethers
• C08J 9/228 - Forming foamed products

Abstract

The present invention provides a biodegradable grease composition, comprising abase oil, a thickener, and an inorganic powder, wherein the base oil comprises a polyol ester oil and the thickener comprises a calcium complex soap.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10M 111/04 - Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups , each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
• C10M 117/10 - Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having more than one carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• C10M 125/10 - Metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates or bicarbonates
• C10M 125/24 - Compounds containing phosphorus, arsenic or antimony
• C10N 10/04 - Groups 2 or 12
• C10N 20/00 - Specified physical properties of component of lubricating compositions
• C10N 20/02 - ViscosityViscosity index
• C10N 20/06 - Particles of special shape or size
• C10N 30/12 - Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents, anti-corrosives
• C10N 50/10 - Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated semi-solidForm in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated greasy

Abstract

A hydroprocessing feed having a renewable feedstock is divided into a number of partial feed streams equal to or less than the number of hydrodemetallization catalyst beds. One of the partial feed streams is fed to a first hydrodemetallization catalyst beds, and a second of the partial feed streams is fed to a second hydrodemetallization catalyst beds. The effluent from the hydrodemetallization catalyst beds is passed to one or more hydrodeoxygenation catalyst beds to produce a hydrotreated effluent.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
• C10G 45/04 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used
• C10G 65/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
• C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste

Abstract

A sorbent housing module comprising two side segments, a top segment, and a bottom segment; an opening comprising two opposing faces, the opening being defined at least by the two side segments and the top and bottom segments. One face opening comprises a first seal assembly providing at least two zones being isolatable to each other. The other face opening comprises a second seal assembly providing at least one isolatable zone. Both seal assemblies comprise a plurality of seal elements that extend laterally across the opening, from one side segment to another side segment. At least one of the top segment and the bottom segment comprises a sliding mount component to enable the sorbent housing module to be moved along a track (202). The opening being configured to hold one or more sorbent structure(s) during adsorption and desorption of a selected gas.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/82 - Solid phase processes with stationary reactants
• B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides
• B01D 53/96 - Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants

Abstract

222-rich stream is recycled to the hydrotreating section.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
• C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
• C10G 67/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
• C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
• C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquidsRegeneration of used liquids
• C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
• C10G 47/00 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
• C10G 70/04 - Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups , , , , by physical processes

Abstract

A method for blending two liquified hydrocarbon streams. The method comprises pumping a stream of a first liquified hydrocarbon to a first blending point; pumping a stream of a second liquified hydrocarbon to the first blending point; combining the first and second liquified hydrocarbon streams at the blending point in a volumetric ratio of the first to the second liquified hydrocarbon stream in a range from 1:500, preferably 1:100, and up to 500:1 to provide a combined stream. The combined stream is provided from the first blending point to a blended-product storage container via the combined conduits, under an operating pressure that is higher than the saturation pressure of the combined stream, at least while the combined stream travels from the first blending point to the final valve immediately upstream of an inlet of the blended-product storage container.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10L 3/10 - Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas

Abstract

A mineral insulated cable includes an elongate core comprising a conducting ceramic-based material having a negative temperature coefficient. The elongate core is arranged on a central axis of the mineral insulated cable, and surrounded by an electrically insulating layer which comprises a mineral material. The conducting ceramic-based material is conductive relative to the electrically insulating layer. A metallic outer sheath concentrically envelopes around the electrically insulating layer. A current may be passed through the elongate core at high voltage, to generate up to 15 kW per meter of cable in heat.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05B 3/56 - Heating cables
• H01B 1/18 - Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon, or silicon
• H01B 13/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
• H05B 3/00 - Ohmic-resistance heating
• H05B 3/14 - Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic

Abstract

A mineral insulated cable which includes a core comprising of a resistive tube having a bore surrounded by a cylindrical wall, and a semi-conducting filler packed in the bore. The cylindrical wall is surrounded by an electrically insulating layer which includes a mineral material. The cylindrical wall is made of a metal material having a resistivity of at least 0.05 μΩ·m at 20° C. The semi-conducting filler is in electrical contact with said wall along a substantial length of the resistive tube. The semi-conducting filler has an electric bandgap that is smaller than an electric bandgap of the mineral material of the electrically insulating layer. A current may be passed through the core at high voltage, to generate up to 15 KW per meter of cable in heat.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01B 3/12 - Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances ceramics
• H05B 3/14 - Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
• H05B 3/56 - Heating cables

Abstract

A process for hydroprocessing a renewable feedstock involves reacting a renewable feedstock in a hydrotreating section under hydrotreating conditions sufficient to cause a hydrotreating reaction to produce a hydrotreated effluent. The hydrotreated effluent is separated to produce a hydrotreated liquid stream and a gaseous stream. The gaseous stream is directed to an amine column to provide an amine-treated hydrogen stream that is passed to a membrane unit to produce a hydrogen-rich stream. The hydrogen-rich stream is recycled to the hydrotreating section.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
• C10G 67/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
• C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
• C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
• C10G 70/04 - Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups , , , , by physical processes

Abstract

Syngas is produced from hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide. A steam methane reformer is configured to receive a hydrocarbon containing stream and steam, and to produce a first intermediate syngas stream from the hydrocarbon containing stream and the steam. At least a fraction of the hydrogen produced in the steam methane reformer is removed from the first intermediate syngas stream, and fed to a reverse water gas shift reactor in which carbon dioxide is reverse shifted to CO. The resulting CO-containing effluent stream is combined with a second intermediate syngas stream, which is a residue stream from the first intermediate syngas stream from which the fraction of hydrogen has been removed. Unconverted hydrogen which is discharged from the reverse water gas shift reactor, can be reintroduced in the second intermediate syngas stream together with the CO. The combined stream is a final syngas stream.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
• C10K 3/02 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment

Abstract

Implementations of the disclosed subject matter provide a method for operating a direct air capture (DAC) process. The method may include an array comprising a plurality of DAC units, each unit may include at least one side inlet face and an outlet. The array may have a shape that is not a single line formation and may have upwind and downwind sides dependent on a direction of a wind stream in the surrounding atmosphere. An air feed stream may be received at the inlet faces and may have an average CO2 concentration of at least 300 ppmv for all atmospheric conditions. A CO2 depleted outlet stream may be provided at the outlets and may have a flow generated by a device. Multiple recirculation zones may be generated by a subset of DAC units, and each zone may have an inner and outer sections, and a recirculation flow.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents

Abstract

A regenerating unit comprising: a pair of opposing doors, at least one door comprises (i) an inlet to provide a regenerating fluid to the sorbent housing module, the inlet being located near a top portion of the respective door and/or an outlet near a bottom portion of the respective door. In a closed position, the doors contact a seal assembly of respective face of the sorbent housing module. The contact is configured to provide one or more isolated zones between an end of the sorbent structure and the respective door. In the closed position, the regenerating unit comprises a regenerating-fluid-flow-path that traverses from a first isolated zone of the inlet door to a first isolated zone of the opposing door and downward and subsequently back to a second isolated zone of the inlet door before reaching the outlet.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/96 - Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
• B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides
• B01D 53/82 - Solid phase processes with stationary reactants
• B01J 20/34 - Regenerating or reactivating

Abstract

xyznn wherein W is single atom tungsten, O is oxygen, Si is silicon, Al is aluminium, x is in the range from 0.5 to 10 wt%, z is in the range from 0 to 20 wt%, y+n is in the range from 70 wt% to 99.5 wt%, and wherein the single atom tungsten has a particle size from 0.2 nm to 2 nm. The catalyst composition can be used for the selective dimerization and trimerization of branched olefins, in particular, isobutene.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 21/12 - Silica and alumina
• B01J 23/06 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of zinc, cadmium or mercury
• B01J 23/30 - Tungsten
• B01J 35/23 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a colloidal state
• B01J 35/45 - Nanoparticles
• B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
• B01J 37/08 - Heat treatment
• C07C 2/08 - Catalytic processes
• C07C 2/12 - Catalytic processes with crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves

Abstract

A process for the dimerization and trimerization of a branched olefin, wherein said branched olefin has from 3 to 10 carbon atoms, wherein the process comprises contacting a feedstream comprising the branched olefin with a tungsten single atom catalyst composition under dimerization/trimerization conditions.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 2/24 - Catalytic processes with metals
• C07C 11/02 - Alkenes
• B01J 23/30 - Tungsten
• C07C 2/10 - Catalytic processes with metal oxides

Abstract

A mineral insulated cable (5), comprising: an elongate core (10) comprising: a resistive tube (12) extending along a central axis (A) of the mineral insulated cable (5), wherein the resistive tube (12) comprises an outer surface and an inner surface, the inner surface defining an internal bore that also extends along the central axis (A); and a semi-conducting filler (14) packed into the internal bore of the resistive tube (12) and in electrical contact with the resistive tube (12) along a length thereof; an electrically insulating layer (16) concentrically enveloping around the elongate core (10), the electrically insulating layer (16) comprising a mineral material; and an outer sheath (18) concentrically enveloping around the electrically insulating layer (16); wherein an opening (11) is defined in the resistive tube (12), the opening (11) extending between the outer and inner surfaces of the resistive tube (12).

IPC Classes  ?

• H05B 3/56 - Heating cables

Abstract

This invention provides a generation-to-load system. The system comprises a renewable energy source RES platform comprising a plurality of renewable energy sources; and a load platform comprising a plurality of electrical loads, the plurality of electrical loads comprising at least one of a first type of electrical load having a narrow input operation power range and at least one of a second type of electrical load having a wide input operation power range, wherein at least two of the plurality of electrical loads are connected in series with one another. The system comprises a High Voltage DC HVDC bus system configured to provide electrical connection between the RES platform and the load platform, to receive incoming power from the RES platform, and to output power to the load platform; and a controller operatively coupled to the HVDC bus system. The controller is configured to automatically regulate the power output by the HVDC bus system to the electrical loads in the load platform, and maintain a power balance between the RES platform and the load platform. A corresponding method of operating such a system is also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 1/14 - Balancing the load in a network
• H02J 7/34 - Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering

Abstract

A process for the removal of contaminant from a contaminated liquid waste plastics oil, said process comprising: (i) contacting the contaminated liquid waste plastics oil having an initial contaminant content with a washing stream having a pH of greater than, the washing stream comprising a washing solvent, a phase transfer catalyst, and optionally a reducing agent; (ii) mixing the contaminated liquid waste plastics oil with the washing stream to produce a reaction mixture; (iii) settling the reaction mixture into at least a hydrocarbon phase having a final contaminant content that is less than the initial contaminant content, and an aqueous phase containing at least one reaction product of the contaminant and the washing stream, and (iv) separating the hydrocarbon phase from the aqueous phase.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 19/02 - Refining hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment with aqueous alkaline solutions
• C10G 55/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process plural serial stages only including at least one thermal cracking step
• C10G 55/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process plural serial stages only including at least one catalytic cracking step

Abstract

A batch process for preparing a polyether alcohol P having a hydroxyl number of greater than 115 mg KOH/g. The process starts by a) forming a starter mixture comprising starter compound S1 and a composite metal cyanide complex catalyst and activating the catalyst by adding an alkylene oxide, followed by b) continuously adding an alkylene oxide; and c) continuously adding starter compound S2.; No alkylene oxide is added between steps a) and b), and the continuous addition of alkylene oxide in step b) is not interrupted before the total weight of alkylene oxide needed to prepare polyether alcohol P has been added; step c) is stopped before step b) is stopped and once less than 80% of the total weight of alkylene oxide needed to prepare polyether alcohol P has been added in step b).

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 65/26 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
• C08G 18/48 - Polyethers
• C08G 101/00 - Manufacture of cellular products
• C08J 9/04 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent

Abstract

The invention relates to a batch process for preparing a polyether alcohol P having a hydroxyl number of greater than 115 mg KOH/g by reacting starter compound S1 and starter compound S2, which starter compounds have one active hydrogen atom or a plurality of active hydrogen atoms, with one or more alkylene oxides in the presence of a composite metal cyanide complex catalyst, comprising a) forming a starter mixture comprising starter compound S1 and the catalyst and activating the catalyst by adding more than 10 wt. % of an alkylene oxide, based on the weight of the starter mixture before adding the alkylene oxide, followed by b) continuously adding an alkylene oxide; and c) continuously adding starter compound S2; wherein starter compound S1 has (I) a nominal functionality which equals the nominal functionality of polyether alcohol P and a hydroxyl number which is within 10% of the hydroxyl number of polyether alcohol P and/or (II) an equivalent weight of from 10 to 10,000 g/mol; starter compound S2 has an equivalent weight of from 10 to 300 g/mol; no alkylene oxide is added between steps a) and b), and the continuous addition of alkylene oxide in step b) is not interrupted before the total weight of alkylene oxide needed to prepare polyether alcohol P has been added.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 65/26 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
• C08G 18/48 - Polyethers
• C08G 101/00 - Manufacture of cellular products
• C08J 9/04 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent

Abstract

The present invention provides a method of transferring liquid hydrogen (LH2) from a hydrogen liquefaction facility (1) into a mobile-LH2 tank (2), the hydrogen liquefaction facility comprising: • a liquefier (3); • a storage facility (4) comprising LH2; • a loading line (5) configured to be connected to the mobile-LH2 tank (2); • a tie-in point (6) connected to the loading line (5); • a first transport line (7) that is connected to the tie-in point (6) and that is connectable to either the liquefier (3) or the storage facility (4); • a second transport line (8) that connects the tie-in point (6) and the storage facility (4); the method comprising: (a) a loading mode in which LH2 is transferred from the storage facility (4) to the mobile-LH2 tank (2) - via at least a major part of the first transport line (7), the tie-in point (6) and the loading line (5); and - via at least a major part of the second transport line (8), the tie-in point (6) and the loading line (5); (b) a holding mode in which LH2 is transported through the first transport line (7), the second transport line (8) and the tie-in point (6) by: - transferring LH2 from the liquefier (3) to the storage facility (4) via the first transport line (7), the tie-in point (6) and the second transport line (8); or by recirculating LH2 from the storage facility (4) via the first transport line (7), the tie-in point (6) and the second transport line (8) or vice versa. In the holding mode of the present method, LH2 conditions are maintained in the first and the second transport lines. Thus, formation of hydrogen BOG during the initial phase of a subsequent loading operation is dramatically reduced.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 5/02 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with liquefied gases

Abstract

A method for treating grains having starch and non-starch carbohydrates, wherein the starch is present in an amount of at least 10 wt. % based on the dry weight of the grain. The grain is contacted with a solution containing at least one α-hydroxysulfonic acid; and to react under acid hydrolysis conditions to produce a product that is suitable for producing chemicals and/or fuel.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12P 7/10 - Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate substrate containing cellulosic material
• C12P 7/46 - Dicarboxylic acids having four or less carbon atoms, e.g. fumaric acid, maleic acid
• C12P 7/52 - Propionic acidButyric acids
• C12P 7/54 - Acetic acid
• C12P 7/56 - Lactic acid

Abstract

A method of preparing a hydropyrolysis catalyst, includes i) forming a slurry having alpha alumina, an alumina precursor, a binder and water; ii) performing spray granulation of said slurry to prepare solid catalyst or carrier spheres; and iii) drying the catalyst or carrier spheres and then calcining at a temperature in the range of 450° C. and 900° C. Active species including molybdenum and a metal selected from those in groups 8, 9 and 10 of the periodic table are incorporated into the hydropyrolysis catalyst, either by incorporating a molybdenum source and a source of a metal selected from those in groups 8, 9 and 10 of the periodic table into the slurry in step i) or by impregnating the calcined carrier spheres with a solution having a molybdenum source and a source of a metal selected from those in groups 8, 9 and 10 of the periodic table.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 27/19 - Molybdenum
• B01J 21/04 - Alumina
• B01J 35/31 - Density
• B01J 35/40 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
• B01J 35/51 - Spheres
• B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalystsProcesses, in general, for activation of catalysts
• B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
• B01J 37/08 - Heat treatment
• C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
• C10B 57/06 - Other carbonising or coking processesFeatures of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition containing additives
• C10G 1/02 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation
• C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts

Abstract

A feed nozzle assembly for co-currently introducing vapor and liquid into a reactor vessel which feed nozzle assembly includes: (a) an annular enclosure surrounding an annular feed conduit, (b) an atomizing vapor conduit surrounded by the annular feed conduit. The annular feed conduit includes a first portion having a first outlet and a second portion having a second outlet opposite the first outlet. The first outlet fluidly connects the first portion and the second portion. The second portion is lined with a non-metallic conduit. The second outlet of the annular feed conduit traverses the annular enclosure. The atomizing vapor conduit has an outlet end having one or more openings disposed upstream of the first outlet of the annular feed conduit.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 4/00 - Feed devicesFeed or outlet control devices
• B01J 6/00 - CalciningFusing
• B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
• B01J 19/02 - Apparatus characterised by being constructed of material selected for its chemically-resistant properties

Abstract

A fuel composition comprising: (i) at least 30 vol % of renewable gasoline component, wherein the renewable gasoline component has a RON of at least 80 and has been derived from an ethanol to gasoline process; and (ii) at least 5 vol % of a renewable alcohol component; and (iii) from 15 vol % to 50 vol % of petroleum-derived gasoline component; wherein the fuel composition has a RON of 95 or greater and comprises at least 50 vol % of renewable components. The fuel compositions of the present invention allow the formulation of a higher bio-content fuel, while still maintaining high RON, an improved distillation profile and low particulate emissions.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10L 1/182 - Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groupsSalts thereof
• C10L 1/16 - Hydrocarbons

Abstract

A process for pyrolyzing hydrocarbons includes removing oxidizing gases from an atmosphere of an enclosure environment and providing electrical current to resistance heating elements to heat the reaction tubes to a desired temperature. The electrical current is provided to the resistance heating elements after the oxidizing gases are removed from the atmosphere of the enclosure environment. A feed stream having the hydrocarbons is introduced into reaction tubes that are positioned in the enclosure environment. The feed stream within the reaction tubes is heated to a reaction temperature, thereby pyrolyzing the hydrocarbons in the feed stream, and pyrolyzed hydrocarbons are extracted from the enclosure environment in a product stream. The resistance heating elements are made from a high-temperature material.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 9/24 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by heating with electrical means
• C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a hydropyrolysis catalyst that includes molybdenum and a metal selected from those in groups 8, 9 and 10 of the periodic table as active species and in the range of from 35 to 60 wt % of alpha alumina with a particle density of at least 3.5 g/cm3 and 30 to 60 wt % of an alumina, which is not alpha alumina, with a particle density of at least 0.8 g/cm3, based on the overall weight of the catalyst in oxidic form. The present disclosure also provides a method of producing the hydropyrolysis catalyst.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 23/882 - Molybdenum and cobalt
• B01J 21/04 - Alumina
• B01J 35/30 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
• B01J 35/31 - Density
• B01J 35/40 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
• B01J 35/61 - Surface area
• B01J 35/63 - Pore volume
• B01J 35/64 - Pore diameter
• B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalystsProcesses, in general, for activation of catalysts
• B01J 37/04 - Mixing
• B01J 37/08 - Heat treatment
• C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation

Abstract

The invention relates to a batch process for preparing a polyether alcohol P having a hydroxyl number of equal to or lower than 115 mg KOH/g by reacting starter compound S1 and starter compound S2, which starter compounds have one active hydrogen atom or a plurality of active hydrogen atoms, with one or more alkylene oxides in the presence of a composite metal cyanide complex catalyst, comprising a) forming a starter mixture comprising starter compound S1 and the catalyst and activating the catalyst by adding an alkylene oxide, followed by b) continuously adding an alkylene oxide; and c) continuously adding starter compound S2; wherein no alkylene oxide is added between steps a) and b), and the continuous addition of alkylene oxide in step b) is not interrupted before the total weight of alkylene oxide needed to prepare polyether alcohol P has been added; and step c) starts before step b).

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 18/48 - Polyethers
• C08G 65/26 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds

Abstract

The invention relates to a batch process for preparing a polyether alcohol P having a hydroxyl number of equal to or lower than 115 mg KOH/g by reacting starter compound S1 and starter compound S2, which starter compounds have one active hydrogen atom or a plurality of active hydrogen atoms, with one or more alkylene oxides in the presence of a composite metal cyanide complex catalyst, comprising a) forming a starter mixture comprising starter compound S1 and the catalyst, followed by b) continuously adding an alkylene oxide; and c) continuously adding starter compound S2; wherein no alkylene oxide is added in step a) or between steps a) and b), and the continuous addition of alkylene oxide in step b) is not interrupted before the total weight of alkylene oxide needed to prepare polyether alcohol P has been added; and step c) starts before step b).

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 18/48 - Polyethers
• C08G 65/26 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds

Abstract

A method of catalytically pyrolyzing a gaseous methane-containing stream, includes feeding the stream in the form of gas bubbles into a reaction zone containing catalyst particles suspended in a molten salt and subjecting the stream to catalytic pyrolysis thereby obtaining solid carbon and gaseous hydrogen. As the molten salt, solid carbon and gaseous hydrogen are allowed to move upwards from the reaction zone to an intermediate zone, gas bubbles are broken by first bubble breakers having an open area of greater than 90%. As solid carbon, gaseous hydrogen and part of the molten salt are allowed to move further upwards from the intermediate zone to a separation zone, gas bubbles are broken by second bubble breakers.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 8/22 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium gas being introduced into the liquid
• B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
• B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
• C01B 3/26 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using catalysts
• C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
• C01B 32/05 - Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups , , ,

Abstract

The disclosure relates to efficient systems (10, 100) and methods for green-hydrogen production. A system (10) for off-grid green-hydrogen production is provided, the system (10) comprising: a renewable-energy source module (1) configured to provide power from one or more renewable-energy sources, an electrolyser module (2) configured to produce green hydrogen based on the power provided by the renewable-energy source module (1), a grid-forming energy-storage module (3) configured to provide grid-forming capabilities to the renewable-energy source module (1) and the electrolyser module (2), a plurality of power-converter modules (C1, C2, C3) configured to allow power flow between the renewable-energy source module (1), the electrolyser module (2), and the grid-forming energy-storage module (3), which are electrically connected to each other, and a central controller (5) configured to control the power flow by controlling the plurality of power-converter modules (C1, C2, C3).

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 3/28 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy
• H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
• H02J 3/48 - Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 15/02 - Process control or regulation

Abstract

A process for removing hydrogen from an oxygen gas stream includes electrolysing water in an electrolyser to generate a hydrogen-rich stream and an oxygen-rich stream. The oxygen-rich stream includes hydrogen. The process also includes feeding the oxygen-rich stream to a reactor having a gold-containing catalyst and contacting, in the reactor, the oxygen-rich stream with the gold-containing catalyst. The gold-containing catalyst includes gold and a second metal on an oxidic support and an oxygen partial pressure of the oxygen-rich stream in the reactor is greater than 1 bar.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 23/52 - Gold
• B01J 21/04 - Alumina
• B01J 35/30 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
• B01J 35/51 - Spheres
• B01J 35/61 - Surface area
• B01J 35/63 - Pore volume
• B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
• B01J 37/06 - Washing
• B01J 37/18 - Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water

Abstract

The present invention provides a process for the hydropyrolysis of biomass, said process comprising the steps of contacting biomass with a hydropyrolysis catalyst in a bubbling fluidised bed reactor under a hydrogen atmosphere, wherein the hydropyrolysis catalyst is prepared by a process comprising the steps of impregnating a gamma alumina carrier with a first impregnation solution comprising a tungsten salt, drying the tungsten-impregnated carrier; then impregnating the dried tungsten-impregnated carrier with a second impregnation solution comprising a source of a metal selected from those in groups 8, 9 and 10 of the periodic table, and, optionally, a molybdenum source, drying the fully impregnated carrier and then calcining it.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
• B01J 21/04 - Alumina
• B01J 23/883 - Molybdenum and nickel
• B01J 27/19 - Molybdenum
• B01J 35/30 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
• B01J 35/32 - Bulk density
• B01J 35/61 - Surface area
• B01J 35/63 - Pore volume
• B01J 35/64 - Pore diameter
• B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
• B01J 37/08 - Heat treatment
• C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
• C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation

Abstract

Implementations of the disclosed subject matter provide a method for operating a direct air capture (DAC) process including a fractal network layout. The method may include providing a plurality of base units, each base unit may include a plurality of DAC modules and a primary level node. Each primary level node may be connected to each of the DAC modules within the base unit by a process connection and/or a utility connection. A secondary level unit may include the plurality of base units. The secondary level unit may include a secondary level node which may be connected to each of the primary level nodes by process and/or utility connections. The method may include receiving an air stream at each of the DAC modules, contacting the air stream with a sorbent material, generating and transporting an outlet stream comprising CO2 from each of the DAC modules to the secondary level node.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents

Abstract

The present invention provides the use of a re-refined base oil in an industrial lubricating fluid, said industrial lubricating fluid comprising at least one base oil and at least one additive, in order to improve one or more of oxidation stability and low temperature performance of said industrial lubricating fluid.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10M 101/02 - Petroleum fractions
• C10N 30/00 - Specified physical or chemical property which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives

Abstract

This invention provides an electrical system having first and second power conversion stages. The first power conversion stage comprises a first transformer having a primary winding and one or more secondary windings. The second power conversion stage comprises a second transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, and a rectifier. There may be more than one second power conversion stage. The primary winding of each second transformer is connected in a circuit with the, or one of, the secondary windings of the first transformer so that each second power conversion stage is arranged in parallel with each other second power conversion stage. For each second power conversion stage, the input side of the rectifier is connected to the secondary winding of the second transformer, and the output side of the rectifier is configured to provide electrical power to an electrolyzer. The first transformer comprises a variable voltage transformer.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 15/02 - Process control or regulation

Abstract

This invention provides an electric vehicle charging apparatus comprising a primary circuit arrangement and a secondary circuit arrangement for charging a traction battery of an electric vehicle. The primary circuit arrangement has a primary transformer winding configured to electrically couple to an alternating current supply. The secondary circuit arrangement has a secondary transformer winding configured to electrically couple to the traction battery of the electric vehicle to define a secondary winding circuit. The secondary circuit arrangement also has a power converter system configured to receive an alternating current from the secondary transformer winding and to provide a direct current to the traction battery of the electric vehicle. The secondary transformer winding has fewer turns primary transformer winding. The apparatus also comprises a tap changing mechanism arranged to vary the operative number of turns in either the primary transformer winding or the secondary transformer winding.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/30 - Constructional details of charging stations
• B60L 53/53 - Batteries
• B60L 53/67 - Controlling two or more charging stations
• H01F 29/00 - Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group
• H01F 29/02 - Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group with tappings on coil or windingVariable transformers or inductances not covered by group with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
• H01H 9/00 - Details of switching devices, not covered by groups
• H02J 7/02 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
• H02M 7/02 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
• H02M 7/66 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power outputConversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal
• H02M 5/10 - Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using transformers

Abstract

Use of a deposit control additive composition in a diesel fuel composition, wherein the deposit control additive composition comprises an imide containing quaternary ammonium salt ('imide quat'), wherein the imide quat comprises the reaction product of: (a) a quaternizable compound that is the reaction product of: (i) a hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent, wherein the hydrocarbyl-substituent has a number average molecular weight ranging from 100 to 10000, and (ii) a nitrogen containing compound having a nitrogen atom capable of reacting with said hydrocarbyl- substituted acylating agent to form an imide, and further having at least one quaternizable amino group; and (b) a quaternizing agent suitable for converting the quaternizable amino group of the nitrogen containing compound to a quaternary nitrogen, for reducing the measured regeneration frequency of a diesel particulate filter in a vehicle combusting the diesel fuel composition.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10L 1/224 - AmidesImides
• C10L 10/06 - Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for facilitating soot removal
• C10L 1/222 - Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond

Abstract

A method for managing BOG comprising providing one or more receiving tanks, each receiving tank comprises a condensation reserve amount of liquefied gas and a bottom distribution header. The header comprises a length of at least 10% of a length of the receiving tank and (ii) a plurality of openings arranged along the length of the distribution header. At least one opening is arranged per meter along the length of the bottom distribution header. The method further comprises providing boil-off-gas (BOG) to at least one receiving tank via the plurality of openings of the header; recondensing the BOG in the at least one receiving tank using the condensation reserve amount of liquefied gas; and terminating the provision of the BOG before pressure of the at least one receiving tank exceeds a pressure threshold of that tank.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 6/00 - Methods or apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
• F17C 9/00 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
• F17C 9/02 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation

Abstract

The present invention provides a novel resin composition that has excellent filler distribution and workability; and a thixotropic modifying composition. One embodiment of the resin composition of the present invention is a resin composition containing a thermosetting resin, a filler, a base oil, and a thickening agent, and satisfies either of the following conditions (i) or (ii): - Condition (i): The content of the thickening agent relative to the total amount of the resin composition is 0.50 to 1.10 mass%. - Condition (ii): The total content of the base oil and the thickening agent relative to the total amount of the resin composition is 3.50 to 8.50 mass%.

IPC Classes  ?

• H10W 74/47 -

Abstract

An electrical system comprising one or more power distribution systems and an electrical heating system having a plurality of electrically powered heating circuits. Each power distribution system comprises a variable voltage transformer and a switchgear comprising a plurality of switches. The plurality of switches are connected in parallel to the output side of the transformer. Each electrically powered heating circuit is connected to a switch located within a switchgear of the, or one of the, power distribution systems so that each electrically powered heating circuit is operable independently of each other electrically powered heating circuit.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24H 15/37 - Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
• H05B 1/02 - Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to heating apparatus
• F24H 1/12 - Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
• F24H 9/20 - Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
• F24H 15/31 - Control of valves of valves having only one inlet port and one outlet port, e.g. flow rate regulating valves
• F24H 15/421 - Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based using pre-stored data

Abstract

22 from a stream of air by passing air through a capture unit comprising a sorbent structure The sorbent structure comprises an active component comprising sodium aluminate in an amount from 5 wt% and up to 40 wt% and a metal-containing support in an amount of at least 55 wt%, both based on the weight of the sorbent structure. The metal-containing support is selected from the group consisting of a metal alloy, metal oxide, metal-non-metal alloy, a ceramic material, and any combination thereof. The method further comprises capturing the carbon dioxide by the sorbent to provide a treated stream of air with less carbon dioxide exiting the capture unit.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/04 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
• B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
• B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides
• B01J 20/06 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group
• B01J 20/08 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxideSolid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group comprising bauxite
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• B01J 20/30 - Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating
• B01J 20/32 - Impregnating or coating
• B01J 20/34 - Regenerating or reactivating

Abstract

This invention provides a lubricating oil composition, comprising a Fischer-Tropsch-derived base oil with a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of no more than 3.0 cSt; a viscosity modifier comprising a polymethacrylate; and phosphorus containing additives such that the amount of phosphorus in the overall lubricating oil composition is at least 0.18 wt%.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10M 109/02 - Reaction products
• C10M 119/12 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
• C10M 137/00 - Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
• C10M 169/06 - Mixtures of thickeners and additives

Abstract

The present application relates to a battery charging method and apparatus based on bidirectional pulse current regulation including : acquiring charging demand information of a user, battery state information of a target battery, and charging strategies of a charging station for respective charging operating conditions, and on the basis of the charging strategies for the charging operating conditions, identifying charging processes and charging demands for the charging operating conditions; by means of a bidirectional current strategy, adjusting to obtain a bidirectional charging process for each charging operating condition, and constructing a battery model of the target battery; on the basis of the charging demand corresponding to each charging operating condition and the bidirectional charging process, performing simulation by means of the battery model to obtain battery health state information corresponding to each charging operating condition, so as to identify a bidirectional current dynamic regulation strategy for each charging operating condition; and on the basis of a target bidirectional charging process corresponding to the bidirectional current dynamic regulation strategy for the target charging operating condition, charging the target battery to complete the charging process of the target battery. The method can improve the service life of a battery in a charging process.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/80 -
• H01M 10/44 - Methods for charging or discharging
• H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
• H02J 7/82 -
• H02J 7/84 -
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• H02J 7/90 -
• H02J 7/94 -
• B60L 55/00 - Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements

Abstract

Combined combustion and pyrolysis (CCP) systems, and associated systems and methods, are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the CCP system includes an input valve fluidly coupleable to a fuel supply to receive a hydrocarbon reactant, a CCP reactor fluidly coupled to the input valve, and a carbon separation component fluidly coupled to the CCP reactor. The CCP reactor can include a combustion chamber, a reaction chamber in thermal communication with the combustion chamber and/or fluidly coupled to the input valve, and an insulating material positioned to reduce heat loss from the combustion chamber and/or the reaction chamber. The CCP reactor can also include a combustion component positioned to combust a fuel within the combustion chamber. The combustion can heat the reaction chamber and the hydrocarbon reactant flowing therethrough. The heat causes a pyrolysis of the hydrocarbon reactant that generates hydrogen gas and carbon.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 6/00 - CalciningFusing
• B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
• C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons

Abstract

A method for improving the electrical conductivity of a particulate bed, wherein said particulate bed comprises particles selected from one or more of silicon carbide, boron carbide, zinc oxide and zirconia oxide, and wherein said method comprises: (i) forming a particulate bed of said particles; (ii) attaching an electrical power source to the particulate bed; (iii) increasing the electrical power applied to the particulate bed until the electrical power increases to at least the critical power value, Pcrit, in W, calculated according to the equation: Pcrit = c*f*V/d, wherein f is the volume fraction taken up by the particles in particulate bed, V is the volume of the particulate bed in m3, d is the average particle diameter in m and c is a pre-factor, wherein c = 50 kW/m2; (iv) optionally, mixing the particles present in the particulate bed in situ in the particulate bed or ex situ of the particulate bed; and (v) optionally, repeating steps (i) to (iv), for one or more cycles; and a method of heating a heat transfer fluid, and a method of heating a heat storage material, wherein each of said heating methods comprises provision of a thermal energy storage device, which device comprises the afore mentioned particulate bed, and wherein each of said heating methods comprises increasing the electrical conductivity of the particulate bed by applying the afore- mentioned method.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 8/08 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with moving particles
• F28D 13/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed
• F28D 20/00 - Heat storage plants or apparatus in generalRegenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups or

Abstract

A surface-modified particle of silicon carbide or boron carbide, wherein said surface-modified particle has been prepared by a method comprising: (i) forming a particulate bed comprising silicon carbide and/or boron carbide particles; (ii) attaching an electrical power source to the particulate bed; (iii) increasing the electrical power applied to the particulate bed until the electrical power increases to at least the critical power value, Pcrit, calculated according to the equation: Pcrit = c*f*V/d, wherein f is the volume fraction taken up by the particles in particulate bed, V is the volume of the particulate bed in m3, d is the average particle diameter in m and c is a pre-factor, wherein c = 50 kW/m2; (iv) optionally, mixing the particles present in the particulate bed in situ in the particulate bed or ex situ of the particulate bed; and (v) optionally, repeating steps (i) to (iv), for one or more cycles; and a method for preparing said surface-modified particle.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 32/956 - Silicon carbide
• C01B 32/991 - Boron carbide
• B01J 8/08 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with moving particles
• F28D 13/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed
• F28D 20/00 - Heat storage plants or apparatus in generalRegenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups or

Abstract

Systems for producing hydrogen gas for local distribution, consumption, and/or storage, and related devices and methods are disclosed herein. A representative system includes a pyrolysis reactor that can be coupled to a supply of reaction material that includes a hydrocarbon. The reactor includes one or more flow channels positioned to transfer heat to the reaction material to convert the hydrocarbon into an output that includes hydrogen gas and carbon particulates. The system also includes a carbon separation system operably coupled to the pyrolysis reactor to separate the hydrogen gas the carbon particulates in the output. In various embodiments, the system also includes components to locally consume the filtered hydrogen gas.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
• B01J 6/00 - CalciningFusing
• B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
• B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside

Abstract

Systems for producing hydrogen gas for local distribution, consumption, and/or storage, and related devices and methods are disclosed herein. A representative system includes a pyrolysis reactor system that can be coupled to a supply of reaction material that includes a hydrocarbon. The pyrolysis reactor system includes one or more combustion components positioned to transfer heat to the reaction material to convert the hydrocarbon into an output that includes hydrogen gas and carbon particulates. The pyrolysis reactor system also includes a carbon separation system positioned to separate the hydrogen gas the carbon particulates in the output. In various embodiments, the system also includes components to locally consume the filtered hydrogen gas, such as a power generator, heating appliance, and/or a combined heat and power device.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 3/363 -
• B01D 46/00 - Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours

Abstract

A process for producing a hydroprocessed fluid having a reduced chlorine content, the process comprising: (i) providing a feed fluid which comprises a content of chlorine-containing contaminants, and (ii) subjecting the feed fluid to a hydroprocessing reaction in the presence of a hydrogen-rich gas stream, wherein the hydroprocessing reaction is carried out in a moving bed reactor which contains an alumina-based hydrodemetallization catalyst, to produce a hydroprocessed fluid having a reduced chlorine content. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feed fluid comprises a waste plastics pyrolysis oil.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
• C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
• C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
• C10G 45/18 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing with moving solid particles according to the "moving bed" technique

Abstract

Fuel composition comprising: (a) a gasoline base fuel suitable for use in a spark ignition internal combustion engine; and (b) a poly butene polymer, wherein the polybutene polymer has a number average molecular weight in the range from 200 to 10,000 g/mol and wherein greater than 30% of the polymer molecules in the poly butene polymer have a terminal vinylidene group; and (c) a tetraalkylethane compound having the formula (I): wherein Ar represents an aryl group and each X is independently selected from a hydrogen atom, substituted or unsubstituted, straight chain or branched C1-C12 alkyl group, (CH2)nOH or (CH2)nNH2, wherein n is in the range of 1 to 9, provided that at least one of the X groups in each CX3 group is a hydrogen atom. The fuel compositions of the present invention provide improved engine power and reduced burn duration. Fuel composition comprising: (a) a gasoline base fuel suitable for use in a spark ignition internal combustion engine; and (b) a poly butene polymer, wherein the polybutene polymer has a number average molecular weight in the range from 200 to 10,000 g/mol and wherein greater than 30% of the polymer molecules in the poly butene polymer have a terminal vinylidene group; and (c) a tetraalkylethane compound having the formula (I): wherein Ar represents an aryl group and each X is independently selected from a hydrogen atom, substituted or unsubstituted, straight chain or branched C1-C12 alkyl group, (CH2)nOH or (CH2)nNH2, wherein n is in the range of 1 to 9, provided that at least one of the X groups in each CX3 group is a hydrogen atom. The fuel compositions of the present invention provide improved engine power and reduced burn duration.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10L 1/14 - Organic compounds
• C10L 1/06 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for spark ignition
• C10L 1/16 - Hydrocarbons

Abstract

A computer-implemented method for automated testing of an ETL process comprising receiving configuration details at a user interface. The configuration details include: program configuration details, project configuration details, test case configuration details, test suite configuration details and connection configuration details. The configuration details are stored in a tool database. A test suite comprises one or more test cases, and one or more test cases are mapped to one or more test suites. One or more test suites are executed. Executing a test suite comprises loading the source data from a source data system and loading target data from a target data system into memory. A library of functions is accessed, and one or more functions are selected according to the configuration details. Using the selected functions, source data and target data are compared. The comparing produces discrepancy results which are stored in the tool database. Test execution results are also stored in the tool database. The method further comprises displaying the discrepancy results and test execution results in the user interface. Discrepancy results include information relating to one or more of the following discrepancies: a missing record discrepancy, an attribute discrepancy, a missing column discrepancy, a data type discrepancy, a value discrepancy, and a duplicate discrepancy.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 11/3698 - Environments for analysis, debugging or testing of software
• G06F 11/3668 - Testing of software
• G06F 16/25 - Integrating or interfacing systems involving database management systems

Abstract

Systems and methods for removing organic compounds byproducts from a product stream from a pyrolysis reactor and associated systems and methods are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the system includes a first condenser that is fluidly couplable to the product stream, a coalescer that is fluidly couplable to the product stream downstream from the first condenser along a first flow path, and a second condenser that is fluidly couplable to the product stream downstream from the first condenser along a second flow path. The system also includes a first valve positioned to regulate the flow of the product stream along the first flow path including a second valve positioned to regulate the flow of the product stream along the second flow path.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
• B01D 46/00 - Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
• B01D 46/42 - Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
• B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols

Abstract

An unloading valve includes a first barrier to seal an inlet port of the valve; and a second barrier to seal an outlet port of the valve. The first and second barriers are movably arranged in the flow path, and the first barrier is bidirectionally movable between the inlet port and the outlet port and further includes a biasing force acting on the first barrier directed towards the inlet port.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 43/12 - Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells

Abstract

An unloading valve for a gas lift system in a wellbore tubular that includes a valve float, an inlet port and outlet port. The valve float has a pointed end to reduce shear stress on the valve float. The inlet port has an inlet valve seat to receive the valve float whereby sealing the inlet port and further includes filleted or chamfered openings to improve fluid flow. The outlet port has an outlet valve seat to receive the valve float whereby sealing the outlet port when a flow exceeds a maximum flow and further includes conical shaped ends to improve fluid flow. The valve float is movably arranged in the flow path between the inlet port and the outlet port and is bidirectionally movable between the inlet valve seat and the outlet valve seat. Furthermore, a bias force act on the valve float directed towards the inlet valve seat.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 43/12 - Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells

Abstract

RUBBER PROCESS OIL The invention provides a rubber process oil comprising a hydrocarbon fluid comprising paraffinic hydrocarbons, naphthenic hydrocarbons, or a mixture thereof, wherein said hydrocarbon fluid has a kinematic viscosity at 100˚C of less than 10 cSt, and wherein said hydrocarbon fluid comprises a re-refined or recycled oil. The invention also provides a process for the production of a rubber composition said process comprising the steps of combining a natural or synthetic rubber with a rubber process oil comprising a hydrocarbon fluid comprising paraffinic hydrocarbons, naphthenic hydrocarbons, or a mixture thereof, wherein said hydrocarbon fluid has a kinematic viscosity at 100˚C of less than 10 cSt, and wherein said hydrocarbon fluid comprises a re-refined or recycled oil.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08L 9/06 - Copolymers with styrene
• C08L 23/22 - Copolymers of isobuteneButyl rubberHomopolymers or copolymers of other iso-olefins

Abstract

A clamp device (500) includes a first set of a plurality of connecting members (102; 114) that may connect to one another to form a first interconnected body (524) that surrounds a first pipe component (12) of a flange assembly; a second set of a plurality of connecting members (524) that may connect to one another to form a second interconnected body (524) that surrounds a second pipe (16) component of the flange assembly; and a plurality of longitudinal members (156) that may connect to the first and second interconnected bodies, when formed, to provide a compressive axial force at least between the interconnected bodies. Each interconnected body includes at least three load segments (104), each load segment may contact a neck portion of the respective pipe component to transfer at least a portion of the compressive axial force thereto; wherein the at least three load segments may be arranged around the respective neck portion; the connecting members include contact members and non-contact members, the contact members include the at least three load segments; each interconnected body includes a plurality of linking components (140; 144) that may connect a contact member with another connecting member to maintain the respective interconnected body while the compressive axial force is being applied.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16L 23/036 - Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially characterised by the tensioning members, e.g. specially adapted bolts or C-clamps

Abstract

A system that may treat a gas stream includes a sulfur removal unit that may remove sulfur from the gas stream and generate a first treated gas stream; an oxides of nitrogen removal unit disposed downstream from and fluidly coupled to the sulfur removal unit; and a heat exchange system disposed between the sulfur removal unit and the oxides of nitrogen removal unit. The heat exchange system includes a first heating element that may heat the first treated gas stream and generate a first heated gas stream having a first temperature, and a second heating element disposed downstream from and fluidly coupled to the first heating element. The second heating element may receive and heat the first heated gas stream and generate a second heated gas stream, and the second heated gas stream has a second temperature that is greater than the first temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/34 - Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
• B01D 53/60 - Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
• B01D 53/86 - Catalytic processes

Abstract

A method for predicting a CO2 storage risk assessment includes uploading a well information file for a well located in a subsurface formation to the generative model. The well information file is queried to extract information relevant to a set of well integrity rules. The query and the extracted information are converted into numerical vectors in an embedding step. A semantic similarity search is conducted to find and rank text using the numerical vectors. An answer to query is generated by the generative model and provided to a classification process based on the set of well integrity rules. A prediction for a subsurface CO2 storage risk assessment is computed for the well from the answer.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 30/28 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation using fluid dynamics, e.g. using Navier-Stokes equations or computational fluid dynamics [CFD]
• G06F 30/27 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation using machine learning, e.g. artificial intelligence, neural networks, support vector machines [SVM] or training a model

Abstract

An unleaded gasoline fuel composition for improving engine performance in spark ignition internal combustion engines comprises: a major amount of gasoline base fuel, and a detergent additive package, wherein the detergent additive package comprises a quaternary ammonium internal salt detergent and a Mannich base detergent mixture, wherein the quaternary ammonium internal salt is obtained from amines or polyamines that is substantially devoid of any free anion species, wherein the Mannich base detergent mixture comprises a first Mannich base detergent component derived from a di- or polyamine and a second Mannich base detergent component derived from a monoamine, wherein the weight ratio of the first Mannich base detergent to the second Mannich base detergent mixture ranges from about 1:6 to about 3:1, and wherein the weight ratio of the quaternary ammonium internal salt detergent and the Mannich base detergent mixture ranges from about 1:10 to about 1:100.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10L 10/18 - Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes use of detergents or dispersants for purposes not provided for in groups
• C10L 1/22 - Organic compounds containing nitrogen

Abstract

A method for inferring a well integrity criterion used for a CO2 storage site risk assessment of a subterranean formation uses a training well data set having a set of associated training labels. A backpropagation-enabled process is dependency-trained to identify contextual relationships between elements of the training well data set. The dependency-trained backpropagation-enabled process is label-trained using the training well data set and the associated training labels to assess a training well integrity criterion. The label-trained backpropagation-enabled process is used to compute a well integrity criterion in a non-training well data set.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 41/00 - Equipment or details not covered by groups
• G06N 3/084 - Backpropagation, e.g. using gradient descent

Abstract

A monometallic hydrodeoxygenation catalyst composition comprising one or more Group 6 metals and a support, wherein the support comprises alumina having a monomodal pore size distribution and a median pore size diameter in the range of from 100 to 300; and a process for the hydrodeoxygenation of a feedstock in the presence of said hydrodeoxygenation catalyst composition, wherein said feedstock comprises greater than 0.5 wt. % of a bio-derived feedstock, based on the total weight of the feedstock.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
• B01J 23/28 - Molybdenum
• B01J 23/30 - Tungsten
• B01J 35/64 - Pore diameter

Abstract

A tower assembly includes a tower and a pedestal. The assembly includes a T-flange for the pedestal including a first surface, a central impact zone for driving the pedestal into the ground; and a first plurality of bolt holes. The assembly also includes a T-flange for the tower including a second surface that comes in contact with the first surface, a recess for receiving the impact zone that leaves a gap above the impact zone, and a second plurality of bolt holes that align with the first plurality of bolt holes. Bolts can be used to secure the T-flange for the pedestal to the T-flange for the tower to secure the tower and the pedestal together.

IPC Classes  ?

• E04H 12/08 - Structures made of specified materials of metal
• E02D 27/42 - Foundations for poles, masts, or chimneys

Abstract

A method for predicting a CO2 storage risk assessment includes determining a set of well integrity rules and determining a classification process based on the set of well integrity risks. Data relevant to the set of well integrity rules is extracted from data for a well located in a subsurface formation. The extracted data is provided to the classification process. A prediction for a subsurface CO2 storage risk assessment is computed for the well. In a preferred embodiment, subsurface CO2 storage risk assessment for two or more wells in the subsurface formation are used to compute a prediction of a formation CO2 storage risk assessment.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06Q 10/0635 - Risk analysis of enterprise or organisation activities
• G06Q 50/02 - AgricultureFishingForestryMining

Abstract

A renewable paraffinic diesel fuel component comprising: - an n-paraffins content of at most 4 wt%, - an iso-paraffins content of at least 92.5 wt%, - a mono-branched iso-paraffins content of at most 30 5 wt%, - a content of iso-paraffins with more than two branches of at least 15 wt%, and wherein at least two of the following conditions are met: - a total C16 paraffinic content from 10 wt% to 20 wt%, - a total C17 paraffinic content from 30 wt% to 45 wt%, - a total C18 paraffinic content from 30 wt% to 45 wt%. The renewable paraffinic diesel fuel component has improved cold flow properties at the same time as having an optimal density.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
• C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
• C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition

Abstract

A regeneration system for removing carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide rich amine absorbent. The regeneration system comprises a regeneration tower configured to receive the carbon dioxide rich amine absorbent and water vapour, wherein the carbon dioxide rich amine absorbent and the water vapour are brought into contact in the regeneration tower to remove carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide rich amine absorbent and to generate a lean amine absorbent. The regeneration system further comprises one or more heaters configured to receive and directly heat the lean amine absorbent to generate the water vapour, wherein the generated water vapour is conveyed into the regeneration tower.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption

Abstract

A system for removing carbon dioxide from an input gas stream. The system comprises a gas-liquid contacting apparatus configured to receive an input gas stream and absorb carbon dioxide from the input gas stream using an amine absorbent to generate a carbon dioxide rich amine absorbent. The system further comprises a regeneration tower coupled to the gas-liquid contacting apparatus, configured to receive the carbon dioxide rich amine absorbent from the gas-liquid contacting apparatus, and configured to receive water vapour, wherein the carbon dioxide rich amine absorbent and the water vapour are brought into contact in the regeneration tower to remove carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide rich amine absorbent and to generate a lean amine absorbent. The system additionally comprises one or more heat generating components coupled to the regeneration tower, wherein the water vapour in the regeneration tower is generated using heat generated by the one or more heat generating components.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
• B01D 53/26 - Drying gases or vapours

Abstract

A method for determining a relative permeability of a porous medium uses a segmented structural image generated from a 3D image to produce a pore-scale output from a pore-scale flow simulation. A Darcy-scale flow model is generated by simulating fluid flow on boundary conditions of the pore-scale flow simulation and an initial relative permeability model. The Darcy-scale output is compared to the pore-scale output to determine a degree of match. The initial relative permeability model is updated and the Darcy-scale simulation and inverse modeling steps are repeated until the degree of match falls within a pre-determined tolerance.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 15/08 - Investigating permeability, pore volume, or surface area of porous materials
• G01N 15/0227 - Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means using imagingInvestigating particle size or size distribution by optical means using holography

Abstract

A method for processing images depicting an environment, comprises accessing an image database of images depicting the environment, accessing a point cloud corresponding to the environment, accessing camera pose information for each image in the image database, computing a depth map for each image in the image database using the point cloud and camera pose information and matching each depth map to the point cloud such that points in the depth map correspond to points in the point cloud. For each depth map, filtering the depth map is done to remove points in the depth map which are occluded by other points and produce a filtered depth map. The filtered depth maps are used to select images from the image database.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06V 20/64 - Three-dimensional objects
• G06V 10/30 - Noise filtering
• G06V 20/52 - Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects
• G06F 18/2433 - Single-class perspective, e.g. one-against-all classificationNovelty detectionOutlier detection

Abstract

This invention provides a heater comprising: a shell effective to contain a heat medium, the shell having a heat medium inlet and heat medium outlet; a tube bundle inside of the shell, said tube bundle containing multiple conduits, the conduits defining a plurality of volumes that are not in communication with the volume effective to contain the heat medium; and heating elements within the conduits, the heating elements being electrical resistance heating elements and being removable from the conduits.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05B 1/02 - Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to heating apparatus
• H05B 3/48 - Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
• H05B 3/82 - Fixedly-mounted immersion heaters
• H05B 3/12 - Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
• H05B 3/44 - Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor arranged within rods or tubes of insulating material

Abstract

In a heating space of an electrically heated apparatus, elongate electrical radiative heater elements, which each stretch between a proximal end and a distal end of each elongate electrical radiative heater element, are mechanically secured to a wall peripheral to the heating space. The electrically heated apparatus can be used in methods of heating a fluid.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24H 9/18 - Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
• B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
• F24H 9/02 - CasingsCover lidsOrnamental panels

Abstract

This invention provides a fuel composition comprising 5 wt% to 50 wt% alcohol and 50 wt% to 95 wt% of renewable cycloparaffinic gasoline, wherein the renewable cycloparaffinic gasoline comprises at least 40 wt% cycloparaffins, from 15 wt% to 25 wt% of aromatics, and from 20 wt% to 30 wt% of paraffins, by weight of the cycloparaffinic gasoline. The gasoline fuel composition of the present invention exhibits reduced particulate exhaust emissions from a vehicle operated by a spark ignition internal combustion engine.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
• C10L 1/06 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for spark ignition
• C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
• C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
• C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only

Abstract

12112212211, said process comprising: (a) reacting the first and second dialkyl carbonates in a reactor resulting in a product stream comprising the mixed dialkyl carbonate, unconverted first and second dialkyl carbonates and light components; (b) separating the product stream resulting from step (a) into a top stream comprising the unconverted first dialkyl carbonate and the light components and a bottom stream comprising the unconverted second dialkyl carbonate and the mixed dialkyl carbonate; (c) separating the top stream resulting from step (b) into a top stream comprising the light components and a bottom stream comprising the unconverted first dialkyl carbonate; (d) recycling the bottom stream resulting from step (c) to step (a); (e) separating the bottom stream resulting from step (b) into a top stream comprising the mixed dialkyl carbonate and a bottom stream comprising the unconverted second dialkyl carbonate; (f) recycling the bottom stream resulting from step (e) to step (a).

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 68/06 - Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids from organic carbonates
• C07C 68/08 - PurificationSeparationStabilisation
• C07C 69/96 - Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
• H01M 10/052 - Li-accumulators
• H01M 10/0569 - Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
• H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries

Abstract

121122,122 are different alkyl groups and R2 contains more carbon atoms than R1, said process comprising: (a) reacting the first and second dialkyl carbonates in a reactor resulting in a product stream comprising the mixed dialkyl carbonate, unconverted first and second dialkyl carbonates and light components; (b) separating the product stream resulting from step (a) into a top stream comprising the light components and a bottom 1stream comprising the unconverted first and second dialkyl carbonates and the mixed dialkyl carbonate; (c) separating the bottom stream resulting from step (b) into a top stream comprising the unconverted first dialkyl carbonate and a bottom stream comprising the second dialkyl carbonates and the mixed dialkyl carbonate; (d) recycling the top stream resulting from step (c) to step (a); (e) separating the bottom stream resulting from step (c) into a top stream comprising the mixed dialkyl carbonate and a bottom stream comprising the unconverted second dialkyl carbonate; (f) recycling the bottom stream resulting from step (e) to step (a).

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 68/06 - Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids from organic carbonates
• C07C 69/96 - Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
• H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
• H01M 10/0569 - Liquid materials characterised by the solvents

Abstract

121122122 are different alkyl groups and R2 contains more carbon atoms than R1, said process comprising: (a) reacting the first and second dialkyl carbonates in a reactor resulting in a product stream comprising the mixed dialkyl carbonate and unconverted first and second dialkyl carbonates; (b) separating the unconverted first and second dialkyl carbonates from the product stream resulting from step (a) and recycling the separated unconverted first and second dialkyl carbonates to step (a), wherein the total feed stream to step (a) comprises the mixed dialkyl carbonate in an amount of higher than 0.3 mol% and has a molar ratio of the second dialkyl carbonate to the first dialkyl carbonate which is lower than 2:1.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 68/06 - Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids from organic carbonates
• C07C 69/96 - Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
• H01M 10/0569 - Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
• H01M 10/052 - Li-accumulators
• H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries

Abstract

This invention provides a method of charging a battery (26) of an electric vehicle (20). The method comprises a step of establishing a primary data connection (31) between an EV controller (24) of the electric vehicle (20) and an EVSE controller (14) of an EV charging station (10) for exchanging data in accordance with an agreed data communication protocol. The EVSE controller (14) communicates to the EV controller (24) that a pulsed charging service is available, and the EV controller (24) communicates to the EVSE controller (14) that the pulsed charging service is desired. A proprietary secondary data connection (32) is established between the EV controller (24) and the EVSE controller (14) for exchanging data related to the pulsed charging service. Charging parameters are then exchanged between the EV controller (24) and the EVSE controller (14) over the primary data connection (31) to establish an energy transfer profile, wherein the energy transfer profile comprises a pulsed charging profile and is at least partly determined based on the data exchanged through the proprietary secondary data connection (32).

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/10 - Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehiclesCharging stations or on-board charging equipment thereforExchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
• B60L 53/62 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
• B60L 53/65 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 58/12 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
• B60L 58/16 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
• B60L 58/24 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries

Abstract

12112212211, said process comprising: (a) reacting the first and second dialkyl carbonates in a reactor resulting in a product stream comprising the mixed dialkyl carbonate, unconverted first and second dialkyl carbonates and light components; (b) separating the product stream resulting from step (a) into a top stream comprising the light components, an intermediate stream comprising the unconverted first dialkyl carbonate and a bottom stream comprising the unconverted second dialkyl carbonate and the mixed dialkyl carbonate; (c) recycling the intermediate stream resulting from step (b) to step (a); (d) separating the bottom stream resulting from step (b) into a top stream comprising the mixed dialkyl carbonate and a bottom stream comprising the unconverted second dialkyl carbonate; (e) recycling the bottom stream resulting from step (d) to step (a).

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 68/06 - Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids from organic carbonates
• C07C 69/96 - Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
• H01M 10/052 - Li-accumulators
• H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
• H01M 10/0569 - Liquid materials characterised by the solvents

Abstract

The present invention provides a process to prepare kerosene, the process at least comprising the steps of: (a) providing a syngas stream comprising hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO); (b) subjecting the syngas stream provided in step (a) to a Fischer-Tropsch reaction thereby obtaining a Fischer-Tropsch product comprising at least 50 wt. % of compounds boiling above 370° C.; (c) separating the Fischer-Tropsch product into at least a C1-C4 fraction, H2O and a C5+ fraction; (d) subjecting the C5+ fraction as separated in step (c) to hydroprocessing thereby obtaining a mixture comprising at least a kerosene fraction and a heavier fraction; (e) separating the mixture as obtained in step (d) thereby at least obtaining the kerosene fraction and the heavier fraction; (f) recycling at least a part of the heavier fraction as obtained in step (e) to the hydroprocessing of step (d).

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 1/12 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of carbon from carbon dioxide with hydrogen

Abstract

In a downhole completion, a perforated base pipe, having a central longitudinal axis, is concentrically surrounded by a sand screen. The sand screen is bound by an upper extremity and a lower extremity. At least one of the upper extremity and the lower extremity is slidable. The downhole completion may be manufactured by providing a perforated base pipe having a central longitudinal axis; providing an assembly with a plurality of ribs extending between the upper extremity and the lower extremity along a helical rib path; and shrink-fit wrapping at least one screen wire on the plurality of ribs while the assembly is concentrically arranged on the perforated base pipe whereby at least one, preferably both, of the upper extremity and the lower extremity are slidable on the perforated base pipe.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 43/08 - Screens or liners

Abstract

This invention relates to the use of a class of redox-active, nitrogen-containing compounds, and electrolytic compositions thereof, comprising at least a redox-active molecular core and at least one side chain, for use in energy storage devices, particularly redox flow batteries. The invention also relates to methods of making a redox flow battery comprising the compounds and/or compositions disclosed herein.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 201/00 - Preparation, separation, purification, or stabilisation of unsubstituted lactams
• C07C 201/00 - Preparation of esters of nitric or nitrous acid or of compounds containing nitro or nitroso groups bound to a carbon skeleton
• C07C 323/66 - Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and sulfur atoms, not being part of thio groups, bound to the same carbon skeleton containing sulfur atoms of sulfo, esterified sulfo or halosulfonyl groups, bound to the carbon skeleton
• C07D 241/46 - Phenazines
• H01M 8/124 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte

Abstract

A lubricating oil composition is provided which having a base number of at least 5mgKOH/g, measured according to the hydrochloric acid method according to JIS K2501, said lubricating oil composition comprising: (i)a base oil; (ii)a calcium detergent in an amount of more than 1000ppm of calcium based on the overall weight of the lubricating oil composition; (iii)a magnesium detergent selected from magnesium sulfonate, magnesium salicylate and mixtures thereof, present in an amount in the range of from 350 to 600ppm of magnesium based on the overall weight of the lubricating oil composition; wherein the magnesium detergent has a base number such that the value M of the base number (mgKOH/g) divided by the magnesium content (mass%) present in a petroleum ether solution is greater than 50 and wherein the magnesium detergent has a particle size distribution such that D50(nm)/D10(nm) is no more than 1.20.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10M 169/04 - Mixtures of base-materials and additives
• C10M 101/02 - Petroleum fractions
• C10M 129/10 - Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• C10M 159/20 - Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
• C10M 159/22 - Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing phenol radicals
• C10M 159/24 - Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing sulfonic radicals
• C10N 10/04 - Groups 2 or 12
• C10N 20/00 - Specified physical properties of component of lubricating compositions
• C10N 20/06 - Particles of special shape or size
• C10N 30/04 - Detergent or dispersant property
• C10N 40/25 - Internal-combustion engines

Abstract

This invention provides a lubricating oil composition having a base number of at least 5mgK0H/g, measured according to the hydrochloric acid method according to JIS K2501, said lubricating oil composition comprising : ( i ) a base oil; ( ii ) a calcium detergent in an amount of more than 1000ppm of calcium based on the overall weight of the lubricating oil composition; ( iii ) a magnesium detergent selected from magnesium sulfonate, magnesium salicylate and mixtures thereof, present in an amount in the range of from 350 to 600ppm of magnesium based on the overall weight of the lubricating oil composition; wherein the magnesium detergent has a base number such that the value M of the base number (mgKOH/g) divided by the magnesium content (mass% ) present in a petroleum ether solution is greater than 50 and wherein the magnesium detergent has a particle size distribution such that D50 (nm) /D10 (nm) is no more than 1. 20.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10M 169/04 - Mixtures of base-materials and additives

Abstract

(i) a mineral base oil containing one or more of fatty ammonium carboxylate salts of formula (I), wherein said lubricating grease composition is prepared by a process comprising the steps of combining the mineral base oil with the one or more fatty ammonium carboxylate salts of formula (I) and then thickening said base oil fatty ammonium carboxylate salt mixture with the simple lithium soap thickener.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10M 169/02 - Mixtures of base-materials and thickeners
• C10M 105/60 - Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines, quaternary amines having amino groups bound to an acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atom
• C10M 117/02 - Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen
• C10N 40/02 - Bearings
• C10N 50/10 - Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated semi-solidForm in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated greasy

Abstract

A method for providing an aggregated profile of estimated frequency support (FS) capacity over time for a plurality of batteries subject to a fluctuating power exchange schedule. The method comprises generating a plurality of ranges of FS C-Rates for corresponding SoCs of a battery of the plurality of batteries. In each generated range, a FS C-Rate can be selected for the respective SoC to provide FS without exceeding a power limit of the charging infrastructure; selecting a plurality of FS C-Rates for a plurality of corresponding SoCs using the generated ranges; generating a profile of estimated FS capacity at least by providing the plurality of selected FS C-Rates over time; repeating the steps for the plurality of batteries to generate a plurality of profiles of estimated FS capacity over time; and combining the plurality of profiles of estimated FS capacity over time.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 3/32 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• H02J 7/02 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters

Abstract

The present invention provides a process and apparatus for producing an alcohol product stream from a gas fermentation process. A feed gas stream comprising hydrogen and a carbon oxide is subjected to fermentation to convert at least a portion of the feed gas stream to an alcohol. Fermentation is conducted in a reactor having a plurality of trays.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12P 7/02 - Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
• C12P 7/24 - Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carbonyl group
• C12P 5/02 - Preparation of hydrocarbons acyclic
• C12P 7/40 - Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group
• C12M 3/00 - Tissue, human, animal or plant cell, or virus culture apparatus
• C12M 1/12 - Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology with sterilisation, filtration, or dialysis means

Abstract

A sting is proposed for use in a punch tool, for perforating and plugging of a downhole tubular with an insert. The sting has a sting base, which has a cylindrical sting body extending about a longitudinal punch axis. The base at a proximal end thereof is adapted for cooperation with a press device, to move the sting in a direction along the longitudinal punch axis toward the wall of the downhole tubular. The insert, also having a cylindrical body extending about the longitudinal punch axis, abuts the cylindrical sting body at an interface, and is secured to the cylindrical sting body by an external body that surrounds the interface. The external body is slidable onto the cylindrical sting body by application of a force along the longitudinal punch axis directed from the insert to the sting base. The sting can be used in a method of perforating and plugging.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 33/13 - Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
• E21B 43/112 - Perforators with extendable perforating members, e.g. actuated by fluid means

Abstract

A downhole tool, having an elongate tool housing, a collapsible sting (1), a press device, and a bending arm (2). The downhole tool may be run longitudinally in a bore of a downhole tubular arranged within a borehole in the Earth. The sting is pivotably mounted on a distal end of the bending arm, such that it can transition between a lying position and an erect position. With the sting in lying position, the downhole tool has a smaller lateral size than with the sting in erect position. In the erect position, the distal end of the sting laterally extends outside contours of the tool housing, whereas in the lying position the sting, including the base, may be fully within a lateral outer contour of the tool housing. The downhole tool can be used to perforate a wall of a downhole tubular arranged within a borehole in the Earth.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 43/112 - Perforators with extendable perforating members, e.g. actuated by fluid means

Abstract

A method for providing frequency support comprising generating an aggregated profile of estimated frequency support (FS) capacity over a period of time for a plurality (two or more) of batteries subject to a fluctuating power exchange schedule. providing a unit of time for FS service on an energy market based at least on the aggregated profile; implementing FS service for at least a portion of the provided unit of time in conjunction with a power exchange schedule of respective batteries; and monitoring the implementation of FS for a deviation, if any, between actual FS being provided against the aggregated profile.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 3/32 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
• H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
• H02J 3/48 - Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Abstract

The invention relates to a continuous process for the production of an alkylene carbonate by the reaction of an alkylene oxide with carbon dioxide in the presence of a catalyst, in which process fresh carbon dioxide is fed to the process as part of a feed (i) comprising carbon dioxide and oxygen, in which feed (i) the oxygen concentration is greater than 0.01 mole%; fresh alkylene oxide is fed to the process as part of a feed (ii) comprising alkylene oxide; the molar ratio between carbon dioxide in the feed (i) and the alkylene oxide in the feed (ii) is greater than 1.02:1; (a) the alkylene oxide, carbon dioxide and the catalyst are continuously introduced into a reaction zone, from which a liquid product stream containing alkylene carbonate and catalyst and a gas stream comprising carbon dioxide and oxygen are withdrawn; (b) the alkylene carbonate and a stream containing catalyst are separated from the liquid product stream; (c) the alkylene carbonate, separated in step (b), is recovered as product.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 317/36 - Alkylene carbonatesSubstituted alkylene carbonates
• H01M 10/056 - Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes

Abstract

121122122 are different alkyl groups, in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises an aluminum phosphate and the aluminum phosphate is obtained by a process comprising: (a) mixing an aluminum containing salt with phosphoric acid in a molar ratio [Al]/[P] of from 0.1:1 to 20:1; (b) mixing a base with the mixture resulting from step (a), resulting in the formation of an aluminum phosphate precipitate; (c) optionally heating the precipitate containing mixture; and (d) recovering the precipitate.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 68/06 - Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids from organic carbonates
• C07C 69/96 - Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
• H01M 10/0568 - Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
• H01M 10/0569 - Liquid materials characterised by the solvents

Abstract

A catalyst used for converting a heavy hydrocarbon, wherein the catalyst includes an extrudate having a co-mulled mixture of an inorganic oxide; and at least one metal from Group VIB and at least one metal from Group VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements. An atomic ratio of the at least one metal from Group VIII to the at least one metal from Group VIB is in the range of from 0.0 to 0.3, and the catalyst has a pore structure such that 15 vol.% to 25 vol.% of the total pore volume is present in pores of a diameter greater than 1,000 A and a surface area of that is greater than 150 square meters (m2)/gram (g) and less than 240 m2/g.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 35/64 - Pore diameter
• B01J 35/69 - Pore distribution bimodal
• B01J 27/19 - Molybdenum
• B01J 35/61 - Surface area
• B01J 35/63 - Pore volume
• C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
• B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalystsProcesses, in general, for activation of catalysts
• B01J 37/08 - Heat treatment
• B01J 37/20 - Sulfiding
• B01J 37/28 - Phosphorising

Abstract

Fuel composition comprising: (a) a gasoline base fuel suitable for use in a spark ignition internal combustion engine; and (b) a poly butene polymer: wherein the polybutene polymer has a molecular weight in the range from 200 to 10.000 g/mol, wherein greater than 30% of the polymer molecules in the polybutene polymer have a terminal vinylidene group and wherein the polybutene polymer is present at a level from 500 ppm to 5000 ppm, by weight of the fuel composition. The fuel compositions of the present invention provide improved engine power and reduced burn duration.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10L 1/16 - Hydrocarbons
• C10L 1/06 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for spark ignition

Abstract

The present invention provides a process for the production of polyether alcohol comprising the steps of: i. preparing a crude polyether alcohol by reacting a starter compound having one or more active hydrogen atoms with an alkylene oxide in a reactor in the presence of a composite metal cyanide complex catalyst; ii. subsequently subjecting the crude polyether alcohol to a stripping step at temperatures in the range of from 90 °C to 160 °C under reduced pressure, using an inert stripping agent, wherein the crude polyether alcohol is contacted with water and a solid acid catalyst at a temperature in the range of from 90 to 160 °C and any volatile substances are concurrently removed via concerted distillation.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 65/26 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
• C08G 65/30 - Post-polymerisation treatment, e.g. recovery, purification, drying
• C08L 71/02 - Polyalkylene oxides

Abstract

A method for operating a methanation zone comprising three or more methanation reactors. The method comprises: providing a feed gas stream to the methanation zone, when the operating capacity of the methanation zone falls below a turndown threshold at least due to a decreased amount of hydrogen in the feed stream, continuing to operate the methanation zone. During such operation, when a temperature of any reactor falls below 250 °C, heating at least a portion of a product stream from one or more reactors to produce a heated recycle stream; and providing the heated recycle stream to the methanation zone, preferably as part of the feed gas stream to maintain the temperature of all reactors in methanation zone at or above 250 °C at least until the hydrogen amount increases to above the turndown ratio.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10L 3/08 - Production of synthetic natural gas
• C07C 1/12 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of carbon from carbon dioxide with hydrogen
• C07C 9/04 - Methane
• B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes

Abstract

A method for operating a methanation zone comprising three or more methanation reactors. The method comprises: (when the operating capacity of the methanation zone falls below a turndown ratio: continuing to operate the methanation zone. During such operation, providing the fresh feed to sequentially less methanation zone(s) to provide a feed gas comprising hydrogen at or above the turndown ratio to as many methanation zone(s) in the system as can be supported by the fresh feed available; during at least step (c), when a temperature of any reactor falls below 250°C, providing at least a portion of the respective product stream of one or more producing methanation zones preferably as part of the feed gas stream to maintain the temperature of all reactors in the non-producing methanation zone(s) at or above 250°C at least until the hydrogen amount increases to above the turndown ratio.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10L 3/08 - Production of synthetic natural gas
• C07C 1/12 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of carbon from carbon dioxide with hydrogen
• C07C 9/04 - Methane
• B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes

Abstract

This invention provides a lubricating oil composition comprising: a) one or more additives, including in the range of from greater than 0.5 mass% to no more than 5 mass%, based on the overall mass of the lubricating oil composition, of at least one viscosity index improver; and b) a base oil composition having an aniline point in the range of from 114 to 120˚C, said base oil composition comprising: - in the range of from 20 to 60 mass%, based on the overall mass of the lubricating oil composition, of a group II base oil with a kinematic viscosity at 100˚C in the range of from 2.5 to 3.5 mm2/s; and - in the range of from 30 to 70 mass%, based on the overall mass of the lubricating oil composition, of a further base oil selected from the group consisting of group III base oils, group IV base oils and mixtures thereof with a kinematic viscosity at 100˚C in the range of from 3.6 to 5.0 mm2/s, wherein the lubricating oil composition has a kinematic viscosity at 100˚C in the range of from 6.1 to 9.3 mm2/s. The present invention also provides a method of improving NOACK volatility properties, which method comprises lubricating the crankcase of an engine with said lubricating oil composition in order to suppress volatility loss as measured in a NOACK test at 150˚C.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10M 111/06 - Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups , each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a compound of the type covered by group

Abstract

Implementations of the disclosed subject matter provide a process for capture of carbon dioxide from a gaseous feed stream. The process may include a direct air capture unit comprising an inlet air section, a sorbent section, and an outlet air section. A gaseous feed stream may be received at the inlet air section and the feed stream may be contacted with a sorbent material in the sorbent section. An exit gaseous outlet stream may be provided from the outlet air section. The total pressure loss across the inlet and outlet air sections may be maintained at less than 200 Pa. The feed stream may have a volumetric flow within the sorbent section having a maximum and a minimum flow. The unit may include at least one structural element for maintaining the minimum flow to be within a range of 0-20% lower than the maximum flow over the entire sorbent section.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
• B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption

Abstract

A process for improving yield of kerosene from a renewable feedstock involves hydrotreating a renewable feedstock and hydrocracking at least a portion of the hydrotreated effluent. The hydrocracked effluent is isomerized. The isomerized effluent is separated to produce an offgas stream, at least one fuel stream having a kerosene boiling point range, and a heavy fraction having a boiling point greater than the kerosene boiling point range. At least a portion of the heavy fraction is recycled to the hydrocracking zone.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
• C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps

Abstract

The present invention provides a process for producing ethylene, the process at least comprising the steps of: (a) providing a CO-containing stream (10); (b) converting the CO-containing stream (10) provided in step (a) in an electrolyzer (2) thereby producing an ethylene-containing vapour stream (30) and an ethanol-containing liquid stream (40); (c) subjecting at least a part of the ethylene-containing vapour stream (30) obtained in step (b) to hydration thereby obtaining a first ethanol-enriched stream (90); (d) separating the first ethanol-enriched stream (90) obtained in step (c) thereby obtaining a second ethanol-enriched stream (110) and a water-enriched stream (120); and (e) subjecting the second ethanol-enriched stream (110) to dehydration thereby obtaining ethylene (140).

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 3/03 - Acyclic or carbocyclic hydrocarbons
• C25B 3/07 - Oxygen containing compounds
• C25B 11/046 - Alloys
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes