Electroactive polymers having redox activatable moieties pendant from a polymeric backbone, and compositions of the electroactive polymers are disclosed. The polymers are useful in membranes for electrochemical cells, and for facilitation of electrolytically-based carbon dioxide enrichment.
B01D 71/72 - Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of groups
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C08G 61/10 - Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aromatic carbon atoms, e.g. polyphenylenes
2.
INTEGRATING SALT- OR ION-CONTAINING WATER WITH A CARBON OXIDE ELECTROLYZER
Provided herein are membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) for COx reduction. According to various embodiments, the MEAs are configured to address challenges particular to COx including managing water in the MEA. Bipolar and anion-exchange membrane (AEM)-only MEAs are described along with components thereof and related methods of fabrication.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C08F 293/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
Apparatuses having a support frame, a hydraulically actuated cylinder with at least a portion below the support frame, and (i) a pull plate below support frame and coupled to hydraulically actuated cylinder or (ii) a movable push plate above support frame and coupled to hydraulically actuated cylinder.
A platform technology that uses a novel membrane electrode assembly, including a cathode layer, an anode layer, a membrane layer arranged between the cathode layer and the anode layer, the membrane conductively connecting the cathode layer and the anode layer, in a COx reduction reactor has been developed. The reactor can be used to synthesize a broad range of carbon-based compounds from carbon dioxide and other gases containing carbon.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C25B 11/051 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
C25B 11/057 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of a single element or compound
C25B 13/02 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by shape or form
C25B 13/08 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
Goods & Services
Industrial chemicals; naphtha produced from a reactor or reactor chain utilizing carbon oxide as an input; hydrocarbon mixture for use in the manufacture of plastics and chemicals.
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Industrial chemical reactors. Carbon capture for others using direct air capture technology; production, treatment and refinement of fuel, diesel fuel, biofuel and biodiesel fuel for others; leasing of renewable energy equipment for use in converting renewable resources into chemicals, materials and fuels; greenhouse gas reduction services utilizing a chemical process that operates on effluent gas streams from power plants and other sources that generate carbon dioxide
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Clothing, namely, tops, bottoms, dresses, one piece clothing in the nature of one-piece suits, undergarments, socks, pantyhose, tights, shoes, neckwear, and headwear; tee-shirts; long sleeve tee-shirts; denim; pants; shorts; socks Industrial chemicals; carbon monoxide; captured carbon dioxide for industrial purposes; formate; formic acid; glyoxal for industrial chemical purposes; glycolaldehyde for industrial chemical purposes; ethanol not used as a fuel; acetone; n-propanol for industrial chemical purposes; methane; ethylene; ethylene glycol; allyl alcohol; acetic acid; synthesis gas for industrial use not used as a fuel; acetaldehyde; hydroxyacetone for industrial chemical purposes; propionaldehyde for industrial chemical purposes; polymers produced from the foregoing compounds, namely, polymer base compositions used in the manufacture of industrial, commercial, consumer, and domestic goods; carbon and carbon black for industrial purposes; unprocessed synthetic resins for use in the manufacture of plastic molding compounds; chemically modified plastic and clay composition for use in the manufacture of plastics; unprocessed composite carbon epoxy resins; detergents for use in manufacturing processes Non-medicated makeup preparations; detergents for household use; cosmetics; household cleaning preparations; spray cleaners for household purposes; cosmetic preparations for skincare; cosmetic preparations for bodycare; cosmetic oils Tablet computer; covers for tablet computers; monitors; handheld personal computers; personal computers; headphones; audio headphones; headphone cases; laptop computers; cell phone cases; cell phones; lap top covers
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
Goods & Services
Industrial chemicals; naphtha produced from a reactor or reactor chain utilizing carbon oxide as an input; hydrocarbon mixture for use in the manufacture of plastics and chemicals
A system includes a carbon dioxide electrolyzer comprising a cathode configured electrochemically reduce carbon dioxide, a carbon dioxide purification unit, shared infrastructure for the carbon dioxide electrolyzer and the carbon dioxide purification unit, and optionally a liquid hydrocarbon synthesis reactor.
C25B 15/023 - Measuring, analysing or testing during electrolytic production
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
Provided are methods for operating an electrolyzer equipped with an anion exchange membrane for carbon oxide reduction while monitoring conductivity of an anolyte solution. Adjustments can be made, or an anolyte restoration operation can be conducted when indicated by an elevated conductivity value or a reduced conductivity value; such as by replacing the anolyte solution with water, lowering the salt concentration of the anolyte solution or by current modulation. A method for activating an electrochemical cell and a method of preparing an electrochemical cell are also provided.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
The present disclosure relates to compositions, composite materials, and a method of forming electrodes for carbon oxide electrolysis using composite materials. The composite materials may include a first polymeric structure and a second polymeric structure, in which at least one of these structures includes an ionizable moiety or an ionic moiety. At least one of the polymeric structures includes a linking moiety. In some instances, both the first and second structures include an ionizable or ionic moiety. The present disclosure also relates to composite material that includes a crosslinked polymer networks with the first and second polymer structures according to formulas (I and II), or salt thereof.
The present disclosure relates to compositions, composite materials, and a method of forming electrodes for carbon oxide electrolysis using composite materials. The composite materials may include a first polymeric structure and a second polymeric structure, in which at least one of these structures includes an ionizable moiety or an ionic moiety. At least one of the polymeric structures includes a linking moiety. In some instances, both the first and second structures include an ionizable or ionic moiety. The present disclosure also relates to composite material that includes a crosslinked polymer networks with the first and second polymer structures according to formulas (I and II), or salt thereof.
C08G 61/10 - Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aromatic carbon atoms, e.g. polyphenylenes
C25B 11/057 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of a single element or compound
15.
COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND ELECTRODES FOR CARBON DIOXIDE ELECTROLYSIS
The present disclosure relates to compositions, composite materials, and a method of forming electrodes for carbon oxide electrolysis using composite materials. The composite materials may include a first polymeric structure and a second polymeric structure, in which at least one of these structures includes an ionizable moiety or an ionic moiety. At least one of the polymeric structures includes a linking moiety. In some instances, both the first and second structures include an ionizable or ionic moiety. The present disclosure also relates to composite material that includes a crosslinked polymer networks with the first and second polymer structures according to formulas (I and II), or salt thereof.
C08G 61/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
C08L 65/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
C09D 165/00 - Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chainCoating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
H10K 30/00 - Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
16.
ELECTROCHEMICAL COX REDUCTION AND HYDROGEN OXIDATION REACTOR
Provided herein are systems and methods for electrochemical COx reduction and hydrogen oxidation reactions to promote the reduction of carbon oxides (COx). Embodiments of the systems and methods may be used to produce carbon monoxide (CO) and water. In various embodiments, a reaction between carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen gas (H2) occurs at the anode of a CO2 reduction electrolyzer, promoting the production of reduction products (e.g., CO). In some embodiments, the methods may utilize a feed stream of H2 gas from various sources. In some embodiments, a water electrolyzer upstream of the COx reduction electrolyzer is a source of H2 gas. In some embodiments, the systems and methods include downstream integration processes and related apparatus. In some embodiments, the downstream integration processes include Fischer-Tropsch processes.
xx2222x22 gas. In some embodiments, the systems and methods include downstream integration processes and related apparatus. In some embodiments, the downstream integration processes include Fischer-Tropsch processes.
C07C 1/04 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
18.
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL SYSTEM HAVING A FLOW FIELD PLATE ASSEMBLY FOR REDUCING POROUS TRANSPORT LAYER INTRUSION
Various electrochemical cell systems are provided, including various flow field plate assemblies with reinforcement layers that may be particularly useful in the context of fuel cells and electrolyzer cells. Some flow field plate assemblies have a flow field plate (FF plate) having a floor surface and a plurality of raised features protruding from the floor surface, and a support lattice having a plurality of hub portions and a plurality of beam portions interconnecting the hub portions, with at least some of the hub portions being supported by the raised features of the FF plate, and the raised features of the FF plate may be distributed across the floor surface, and the hub portions of the support lattice and the raised features of the FF plate may space apart the beam portions from the floor surface so as to define a flow field depth.
C25B 9/75 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having bipolar electrodes
H01M 8/0228 - Composites in the form of layered or coated products
H01M 8/0258 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
H01M 8/026 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
19.
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL SYSTEM HAVING A FLOW FIELD PLATE ASSEMBLY FOR REDUCING POROUS TRANSPORT LAYER INTRUSION
Various electrochemical cell systems are provided, including various flow field plate assemblies with reinforcement layers that may be particularly useful in the context of fuel cells and electrolyzer cells. Some flow field plate assemblies have a flow field plate (FF plate) having a floor surface and a plurality of raised features protruding from the floor surface, and a support lattice having a plurality of hub portions and a plurality of beam portions interconnecting the hub portions, with at least some of the hub portions being supported by the raised features of the FF plate, and the raised features of the FF plate may be distributed across the floor surface, and the hub portions of the support lattice and the raised features of the FF plate may space apart the beam portions from the floor surface so as to define a flow field depth.
H01M 8/026 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
C25B 13/02 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by shape or form
C25B 13/05 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on inorganic materials
Provided herein are systems and methods for roll-to-roll deposition of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) and layers thereof. Embodiments of the systems and methods may be used for producing layers, including polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) and catalyst layers, of an MEA. In particular embodiments, the methods and systems may be used for producing anion-exchange membranes (AEMS). In other instances, the methods and systems may be used for producing cation-exchange membranes or bipolar membranes. Also provided are MEAs and layers thereof produced by the methods described herein. In some embodiments, the MEAs are configured for electrolysis and, in particular, for carbon oxide (COx) reduction. The methods and systems may also be employed for water electrolysis.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
Various electrochemical cell systems are provided. Some systems have a cathode end plate, an anode end plate, one or more electrochemical cells positioned between the cathode and anode end plates, tension members connecting the cathode end plate with the anode end plate, and tensioning devices, each configured to apply a tension force to one or more of the tension members such that the corresponding tension member or tension members apply a local compression force to a corresponding local portion of the cathode and anode end plates. The cathode and anode end plates distribute an aggregate compression force across the one or more electrochemical cells responsive, at least in part, to each corresponding local portion of the cathode and anode end plates receiving the local compression force from the corresponding tension member or tension members; each tensioning device is positioned between spaced apart from the cathode and anode end plates.
Various electrochemical cell systems are provided. Some systems have a cathode end plate, an anode end plate, one or more electrochemical cells positioned between the cathode and anode end plates, tension members connecting the cathode end plate with the anode end plate, and tensioning devices, each configured to apply a tension force to one or more of the tension members such that the corresponding tension member or tension members apply a local compression force to a corresponding local portion of the cathode and anode end plates. The cathode and anode end plates distribute an aggregate compression force across the one or more electrochemical cells responsive, at least in part, to each corresponding local portion of the cathode and anode end plates receiving the local compression force from the corresponding tension member or tension members; each tensioning device is positioned between spaced apart from the cathode and anode end plates.
A system includes a carbon dioxide electrolyzer comprising a cathode configured electrochemically reduce carbon dioxide, a carbon dioxide purification unit, shared infrastructure for the carbon dioxide electrolyzer and the carbon dioxide purification unit, and optionally a liquid hydrocarbon synthesis reactor.
C25B 9/19 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
24.
POLYSTYRENE COMBINED WITH IONOMERS HAVING AROMATIC BACKBONES
The present disclosure relates to polymers synthesized from ionomers having an aromatic hydrocarbon-containing backbone and an amine-containing ionic or ionizable moiety with polystyrene. The linkage between the ionomer and the polystyrene is made through covalent bonds or linking moieties. Electrochemical cells having polymer electrolyte membranes composed of the combined polymers are also described.
C08G 61/10 - Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aromatic carbon atoms, e.g. polyphenylenes
H01M 10/0565 - Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
H01M 50/414 - Synthetic resins, e.g. .thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
B01J 41/14 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
H01M 8/102 - Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
H01M 8/1081 - Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes starting from solutions, dispersions or slurries exclusively of polymers
26.
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL FRAME ASSEMBLIES WITH ANTI-BULGE FEATURES
Frame assemblies for use in locating and positioning flow fields in an electrochemical cell stack are provided. The frame assemblies may have a separator plate that is interposed between two frames. The separator plate may have one or more raised features positioned around or on either side of flow field regions of the separator plate that are defined by flow field apertures through the frames. The one or more raised features may extend into corresponding receiving features in one or both frames. The raised feature(s) may thus couple the frames to the separator plate and stiffen the frame assembly so as to prevent or reduce potential flexure of the frames due to pressures that develop within the flow field apertures. Various approaches are disclosed.
Frame assemblies for use in locating and positioning flow fields in an electrochemical cell stack are provided. The frame assemblies may have a separator plate that is interposed between two frames. The separator plate may have one or more raised features positioned around or on either side of flow field regions of the separator plate that are defined by flow field apertures through the frames. The one or more raised features may extend into corresponding receiving features in one or both frames. The raised feature(s) may thus couple the frames to the separator plate and stiffen the frame assembly so as to prevent or reduce potential flexure of the frames due to pressures that develop within the flow field apertures. Various approaches are disclosed.
H01M 8/0258 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
28.
POLYSTYRENE COMBINED WITH IONOMERS HAVING AROMATIC BACKBONES
The present disclosure relates to polymers synthesized from ionomers having an aromatic hydrocarbon-containing backbone and an amine-containing ionic or ionizable moiety with polystyrene. The linkage between the ionomer and the polystyrene is made through covalent bonds or linking moieties. Electrochemical cells having polymer electrolyte membranes composed of the combined polymers are also described.
Carbon oxide electrolyzers may be characterized by: (a) a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) comprising a cathode layer, an anode layer, and one or more polymeric electrolyte layers between and in contact with the cathode layer and the anode layer; (b) a porous transport layer (PTL) proximate the anode layer, and (c) optionally, a microporous layer (MPL) disposed between the MEA and the PTL.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
Carbon oxide electrolyzers may be characterized by: (a) a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) comprising a cathode layer, an anode layer, and one or more polymeric electrolyte layers between and in contact with the cathode layer and the anode layer; (b) a porous transport layer (PTL) proximate the anode layer, and (c) optionally, a microporous layer (MPL) disposed between the MEA and the PTL.
C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
C25B 11/056 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of textile or non-woven fabric
C25B 15/021 - Process control or regulation of heating or cooling
A method of forming a gas diffusion layer includes causing, at least in part, a stack of layers to be arranged between compressing surfaces of a press, the stack of layers including a plurality of gas diffusion layers. The method also includes causing, at least in part, the press to apply one or more compression cycles to the stack of layers to reduce a combined, uncompressed thickness of the plurality of gas diffusion layers between about 2% and about 30%.
C25B 9/77 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
B32B 5/02 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by structural features of a layer comprising fibres or filaments
B32B 9/00 - Layered products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups
B32B 9/04 - Layered products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups comprising such substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 15/14 - Layered products essentially comprising metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
B32B 15/20 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising aluminium or copper
B32B 27/12 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
B32B 37/06 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
B32B 37/10 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using direct action of vacuum or fluid pressure
B32B 38/00 - Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
Clamping devices for securing polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) during drying are provided. The clamping devices expose surfaces of the PEMs. The exposed surfaces of the PEMs are sprayed with one or more layers of material while the PEMs are secured by the clamping devices. One or more of the one or more layers of material can include a catalyst.
Integrated systems may be characterized by: (a) an aluminum production subsystem comprising an aluminum-producing electrolysis cell configured to electrolytically produce aluminum metal from an aluminum compound; and (b) a carbon dioxide reduction subsystem comprising a carbon dioxide electrolyzer, where the carbon dioxide reduction subsystem is configured to receive carbon dioxide produced by the aluminum production subsystem and provide the carbon dioxide to the carbon dioxide electrolyzer for reduction to a carbon-containing product.
Integrated systems may be characterized by: (a) an aluminum production subsystem comprising an aluminum-producing electrolysis cell configured to electrolytically produce aluminum metal from an aluminum compound; and (b) a carbon dioxide reduction subsystem comprising a carbon dioxide electrolyzer, where the carbon dioxide reduction subsystem is configured to receive carbon dioxide produced by the aluminum production subsystem and provide the carbon dioxide to the carbon dioxide electrolyzer for reduction to a carbon-containing product.
Disclosed are membrane electrode assemblies having a cathode layer comprising a carbon oxide reduction catalyst that promotes reduction of a carbon oxide; an anode layer comprising a catalyst that promotes oxidation of a water; a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) layer disposed between, and in contact with, the cathode layer and the anode layer; and a salt having a concentration of at least about 10 uM in at least a portion of the MEA.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C25B 13/08 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
36.
SYSTEMS AND TECHNIQUES FOR MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY LAYER APPLICATION
Clamping devices for securing polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) during drying are provided. The clamping devices expose surfaces of the PEMs. The exposed surfaces of the PEMs are sprayed with one or more layers of material while the PEMs are secured by the clamping devices. One or more of the one or more layers of material can include a catalyst.
Provided herein are hydrophobically-modified metal nanoparticle cathode catalysts for electrochemical reactions. The hydrophobic modifications may be incorporated onto the nanoparticles by either directly binding ligands or ionomers to the nanoparticles, or by indirectly binding an ionomer to the nanoparticle through a linker. The hydrophobically-modified metal nanoparticles may be hydrophobic ally-modified gold nanoparticles.
C25B 11/095 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one of the compounds being organic
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C25B 11/054 - Electrodes comprising electrocatalysts supported on a carrier
Provided herein are hydrophobically-modified metal nanoparticle cathode catalysts for electrochemical reactions. The hydrophobic modifications may be incorporated onto the nanoparticles by either directly binding ligands or ionomers to the nanoparticles, or by indirectly binding an ionomer to the nanoparticle through a linker. The hydrophobically-modified metal nanoparticles may be hydrophobically-modified gold nanoparticles.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C25B 9/77 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
C25B 11/091 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
C25B 11/095 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one of the compounds being organic
A CO2 purifier and a CO2 electrolyzer may be integrated in a single electrochemical unit or cell having a bipolar plate separating the purifier and electrolyzer. In some embodiments, the electrochemical cell has a single positive electrical terminal attached to an anode of the CO2 electrolyzer or the CO2 purifier, and a single negative electrical terminal attached to a cathode of the CO2 electrolyzer or the CO2 purifier. In such implementations a bipolar plate may serve as a counter-electrode for both the CO2 electrolyzer and the CO2 purifier.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C25B 13/08 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
B01D 53/10 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents with dispersed adsorbents
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
Systems and methods for acetic acid production include synthesizing acetic acid from carbon monoxide produced by a carbon dioxide electrolyzer and hydrogen produced by a water electrolyzer.
C07C 51/12 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reaction with carbon monoxide on an oxygen-containing group in organic compounds, e.g. alcohols
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C07C 29/78 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by physical treatment by condensation or crystallisation
C07C 51/43 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation
42.
INTEGRATED ELECTROLYTIC SYSTEM FOR CONVERTING CARBON OXIDES INTO CARBON CONTAINING PRODUCTS
An integrated system and method for conversion of carbon oxides to carbon containing products are disclosed. Pre-purification of a carbon oxide gas by electrodialysis, and subsequent electrochemical reduction of the purified gas with a carbon oxide electrolyzer equipped with a polymer electrolyte membrane yields carbon containing products.
C25B 9/21 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms two or more diaphragms
C25B 13/08 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
Aspects of the present disclosure provide a system for a carbon oxide electrolysis plant incorporating advanced electrochemical reactors incorporating membrane electrode assemblies as well as control mechanisms. The system provides efficient transport and production rates while minimizing the competing hydrogen formation reaction. The system may use multiple electrochemical reactors, scaling up production with high energy efficiency, while providing flexibility in the types of chemical product outputs.
An integrated system and method for conversion of carbon oxides to carbon containing products are disclosed. Pre-purification of a carbon oxide gas by electrodialysis, and subsequent electrochemical reduction of the purified gas with a carbon oxide electrolyzer equipped with a polymer electrolyte membrane yields carbon containing products.
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
B01D 53/96 - Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C25B 11/054 - Electrodes comprising electrocatalysts supported on a carrier
C25B 11/075 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
C25B 11/081 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the element being a noble metal
C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
45.
Interface for carbon oxide electrolyzer bipolar membrane
x including mitigating the deleterious effects of electrical current fluctuations on the MEA. Bipolar membrane MEAs equipped with an interface composed of nanoparticles are described.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C25B 11/093 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one noble metal or noble metal oxide and at least one non-noble metal oxide
C25B 15/06 - Detection or inhibition of short circuits in the cell
Aspects of the present disclosure provide a system for a carbon oxide electrolysis plant incorporating advanced electrochemical reactors incorporating membrane electrode assemblies as well as control mechanisms. The system provides efficient transport and production rates while minimizing the competing hydrogen formation reaction. The system may use multiple electrochemical reactors, scaling up production with high energy efficiency, while providing flexibility in the types of chemical product outputs.
Provided herein are methods for operating carbon oxide (COx) reduction reactors (CRR) and related apparatus. In some embodiments, the methods involve shutting off, reducing, or otherwise controlling current during various operation stages including hydration, break-in, normal operation, planned shut-offs, and extended shutoff or storage periods.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
x including managing water in the MEA. Bipolar and anion-exchange membrane (AEM)-only MEAs are described along with components thereof and related methods of fabrication.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C08F 293/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
xx including mitigating the deleterious effects of electrical current fluctuations on the MEA. Bipolar membrane MEAs equipped with an interface composed of nanoparticles are described.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C25B 13/05 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on inorganic materials
C25B 13/08 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
The disclosure relates to compositions comprising a first structure of the formula:
The disclosure relates to compositions comprising a first structure of the formula:
The disclosure relates to compositions comprising a first structure of the formula:
or a salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, Ar1, and n are defined herein. Materials, devices, and methods of using such compositions are also described.
A system contains a CO2 purifier and a CO2 electrolyzer. In operation, the CO2 purifier selectively captures CO2 from a gas stream and then releases purified CO2 as an output. The purified CO2 is then provided as an input to the cathode of the CO2 electrolyzer. The CO2 electrolyzer can electrochemically reduce the CO2 to a carbon-containing product (CCP) that may be stored, consumed, used to synthesize a valuable product, etc. The purifier may be an electrochemical cell that allows at least some non-CO2 inlet components to pass without being absorbed. Depending on the composition of the inlet stream, examples of non-absorbed components include water, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, oxygen, and sulfur-containing compounds.
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
22222222222 inlet components to pass without being absorbed. Depending on the composition of the inlet stream, examples of non-absorbed components include water, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, oxygen, and sulfur-containing compounds.
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
Various COx electrolyzer multi-cell architectures are provided, including various frame, flow field, gas diffusion layer, and repeat unit designs that may be particularly useful in the context of multi-cell COx electrolyzer cells.
Systems and methods for acetic acid production include synthesizing acetic acid from carbon monoxide produced by a carbon dioxide electrolyzer and hydrogen produced by a water electrolyzer.
C07C 51/12 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reaction with carbon monoxide on an oxygen-containing group in organic compounds, e.g. alcohols
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C07C 29/78 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by physical treatment by condensation or crystallisation
C07C 51/43 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation
Systems and methods for acetic acid production include synthesizing acetic acid from carbon monoxide produced by a carbon dioxide electrolyzer and hydrogen produced by a water electrolyzer.
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C07C 51/12 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reaction with carbon monoxide on an oxygen-containing group in organic compounds, e.g. alcohols
Provided are systems and methods for metal formate synthesis from carbon monoxide supplied by an electrolyzer having a membrane electrode assembly which incorporate the capacity to recover and recycle various chemical components of the production process. For the synthesis, carbon monoxide from an electrolyzer is reacted with a solubilized metal hydroxide in a batch process or a continuous process.
Systems and methods may utilize excess electrical energy produced by an electrical network. An example system includes a carbon dioxide electrolyzer configured to electrochemically reduce carbon dioxide to a carbon dioxide reduction product; a vessel configured to store the carbon dioxide reduction product; and an energy conversion device configured to chemically convert the carbon dioxide reduction product and produce electrical energy. The system may be configured to supply electrical energy produced by the energy conversion device to the electrical network. The system may be configured to provide electrical energy from the electrical network to the carbon dioxide electrolyzer.
Provided are systems and methods for metal formate synthesis from carbon monoxide supplied by an electrolyzer having a membrane electrode assembly which incorporate the capacity to recover and recycle various chemical components of the production process. For the synthesis, carbon monoxide from an electrolyzer is reacted with a solubilized metal hydroxide in a batch process or a continuous process.
C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
60.
CO2 PURIFICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD USING CO2-ABSORBING ELECTRODE CELLS COMBINED WITH PURE CO2 REDUCTION IN AN ELECTROLYZER TO PRODUCE CARBON CONTAINING PRODUCTS
Electroactive polymers having redox activatable moieties pendant from a polymeric backbone, and compositions of the electroactive polymers are disclosed. The polymers are useful in membranes for electrochemical cells, and for facilitation of electrolytically-based carbon dioxide enrichment.
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
Electroactive polymers having redox activatable moieties pendant from a polymeric backbone, and compositions of the electroactive polymers are disclosed. The polymers are useful in membranes for electrochemical cells, and for facilitation of electrolytically-based carbon dioxide enrichment.
B01D 71/72 - Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of groups
C08G 61/10 - Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aromatic carbon atoms, e.g. polyphenylenes
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C25B 9/70 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells
C25B 9/75 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having bipolar electrodes
C25B 9/77 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
C25B 13/02 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by shape or form
C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
07 - Machines and machine tools
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
Goods & Services
Industrial chemicals; Carbon monoxide; Captured carbon dioxide for industrial purposes; Formate; Formic Acid; Glyoxal for industrial chemical purposes; Glycolaldehyde for industrial chemical purposes; Ethanol not used as a fuel; Acetone; n-Propanol for industrial chemical purposes; Methane; Ethylene; Ethylene Glycol; Allyl Alcohol; Acetic acid; Synthesis gas for industrial use not used as a fuel; Acetaldehyde; Hydroxyacetone for industrial chemical purposes; Propionaldehyde for industrial chemical purposes; Polymers produced from the foregoing compounds, namely, polymer base compositions used in the manufacture of industrial, commercial, consumer, and domestic goods; Carbon and carbon black for industrial purposes; Unprocessed synthetic resins for use in the manufacture of plastic molding compounds; Chemically modified plastic and clay composition for use in the manufacture of plastics; Unprocessed composite carbon epoxy resins; Detergents for use in manufacturing processes Fuel; Diesel oil; Diesel fuel; Aviation fuel; Marine fuel; Ethanol fuels; Synthesis gas being fuel Industrial chemical reactors Carbon capture for others using direct air capture technology; Production, treatment and refinement of fuel, diesel fuel, biofuel and biodiesel fuel for others; Leasing of renewable energy equipment for use in converting renewable resources into chemicals, materials and fuels; Greenhouse gas reduction services utilizing a chemical process that operates on effluent gas streams from power plants and other sources that generate carbon dioxide Installation, maintenance and repair of machines
x reduction reactor has been developed. The reactor can be used to synthesize a broad range of carbon-based compounds from carbon dioxide and other gases containing carbon.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C25B 11/051 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
C25B 11/057 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of a single element or compound
C25B 13/02 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by shape or form
C25B 13/08 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
66.
COX ELECTROLYZER CELL FLOW FIELDS AND GAS DIFFUSION LAYERS
A method of forming a gas diffusion layer includes causing, at least in part, a stack of layers to be arranged between compressing surfaces of a press, the stack of layers including a plurality of gas diffusion layers. The method also includes causing, at least in part, the press to apply one or more compression cycles to the stack of layers to reduce a combined, uncompressed thickness of the plurality of gas diffusion layers between about 2% and about 30%.
B32B 3/26 - Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layerLayered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids
B32B 5/02 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by structural features of a layer comprising fibres or filaments
B32B 7/12 - Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
B32B 15/14 - Layered products essentially comprising metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
B32B 15/16 - Layered products essentially comprising metal next to a particulate layer
B32B 15/20 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising aluminium or copper
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C25B 9/77 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
Goods & Services
Industrial chemical reactors Carbon capture for others using direct air capture technology; Production, treatment and refinement of fuel, diesel fuel, biofuel and biodiesel fuel for others; Leasing of renewable energy equipment for use in converting renewable resources into chemicals, materials and fuels; Greenhouse gas reduction services utilizing a chemical process that operates on effluent gas streams from power plants and other sources that generate carbon dioxide Installation, maintenance and repair of machines
68.
COx electrolyzer cell flow fields and gas diffusion layers
A method of forming a gas diffusion layer includes causing, at least in part, a stack of layers to be arranged between compressing surfaces of a press, the stack of layers including a plurality of gas diffusion layers. The method also includes causing, at least in part, the press to apply one or more compression cycles to the stack of layers to reduce a combined, uncompressed thickness of the plurality of gas diffusion layers between about 2% and about 30%.
C25B 9/77 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
B32B 5/02 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by structural features of a layer comprising fibres or filaments
B32B 9/00 - Layered products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups
B32B 9/04 - Layered products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups comprising such substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 15/14 - Layered products essentially comprising metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
B32B 15/20 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising aluminium or copper
B32B 27/12 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
B32B 37/06 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
B32B 37/10 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using direct action of vacuum or fluid pressure
B32B 38/00 - Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
C25B 9/75 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having bipolar electrodes
Systems and methods may utilize excess electrical energy produced by an electrical network (107). An example system (101) includes a carbon dioxide electrolyzer (103) configured to electrochemically reduce carbon dioxide to a carbon dioxide reduction product (109); a vessel (111) configured to store the carbon dioxide reduction product (109); and an energy conversion device (115) configured to chemically convert the carbon dioxide reduction product (109) and produce electrical energy. The system may be configured to supply electrical energy produced by the energy conversion device to the electrical network (107). The system is configured to provide electrical energy from the electrical network (107) to the carbon dioxide electrolyzer (103).
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
A system preferably including a carbon dioxide reactor. A method for carbon dioxide reactor control, preferably including selecting carbon dioxide reactor aspects based on a desired output composition, running a carbon dioxide reactor under controlled process conditions to produce a desired output composition, and/or altering the process conditions to alter the output composition.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C25B 9/70 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
35 - Advertising and business services
Goods & Services
Fuel; Diesel oil; Diesel fuel; Aviation fuel; Marine fuel; Industrial and vehicular lubricants; All purpose lubricants; Ethanol fuels; Synthesis gas being fuel Promoting public awareness of environmental issues and initiatives
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Industrial chemicals; carbon monoxide; captured carbon
dioxide; formate; formic acid; glyoxal; glycolaldehyde;
ethanol; acetone; n-propanol; methane; ethylene; ethylene
glycol; allyl alcohol; acetic acid; acetaldehyde;
hydroxyacetone; propionaldehyde; polymers produced from the
foregoing compounds; carbon and carbon black for industrial
purposes; unprocessed synthetic resins for use in the
manufacture of plastic molding compounds; chemically
modified plastic and clay composition for use in the
manufacture of plastics; unprocessed composite carbon epoxy
resins; synthesis gas for industrial use not used as a fuel. Fuel; diesel oil; diesel fuel; aviation fuel; marine fuel;
fuel for aviation vehicles, namely, jet fuel produced using
at least one electrochemically-derived reactant, such as CO
derived from electrochemical reduction of CO2 and/or H2
derived from electrolysis of water; industrial and vehicular
lubricants; all purpose lubricants; synthesis gas being a
fuel. Carbon capture for others using direct air capture
technology; production, treatment and refinement of fuel,
diesel fuel, biofuel and biodiesel fuel for others; leasing
of renewable energy equipment for use in converting
renewable resources into chemicals, materials and fuels;
greenhouse gas reduction services utilizing a chemical
process that operates on effluent gas streams from power
plants and other sources that generate carbon dioxide.
74.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CARBON DIOXIDE REACTOR CONTROL
A system optionally including a carbon oxide reactor. A method for carbon oxide reactor control, optionally including selecting carbon oxide reactor aspects based on a desired output composition, running a carbon oxide reactor under controlled process conditions to produce a desired output composition, and/or altering the process conditions to alter the output composition.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
75.
INTEGRATED SYSTEMS EMPLOYING CARBON OXIDE ELECTROLYSIS IN STEEL PRODUCTION
Systems for producing iron may include (a) a reactor configured to receive iron ore and a reducing gas, and from these produce iron; and (b) a carbon dioxide reduction electrolyzer configured to produce at least carbon monoxide and/or a hydrocarbon. Such systems may be configured to transport carbon dioxide produced by the reactor and/or produced by combustion of a gas generated by the reactor to a cathode side of the carbon dioxide reduction electrolyzer. Such systems may be further configured to transport at least a portion of the carbon monoxide and/or hydrocarbon produced by the carbon dioxide reduction electrolyzer to the reactor, where the carbon monoxide and/or hydrocarbon serves as at least a part of the reducing gas.
Systems for producing iron may include (a) a reactor configured to receive iron ore and a reducing gas, and from these produce iron; and (b) a carbon dioxide reduction electrolyzer configured to produce at least carbon monoxide and/or a hydrocarbon. Such systems may be configured to transport carbon dioxide produced by the reactor and/or produced by combustion of a gas generated by the reactor to a cathode side of the carbon dioxide reduction electrolyzer. Such systems may be further configured to transport at least a portion of the carbon monoxide and/or hydrocarbon produced by the carbon dioxide reduction electrolyzer to the reactor, where the carbon monoxide and/or hydrocarbon serves as at least a part of the reducing gas.
Systems and methods for increasing the concentration of a desired COx reduction reaction product are described. In some embodiments, the systems and methods include ethylene purification.
C25B 9/19 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
C25B 11/075 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
C07C 1/12 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of carbon from carbon dioxide with hydrogen
Aspects of this disclosure pertain to catalyst compositions that include electrically conductive support particles; and metal catalyst particles attached to the electrically conductive support particles. The catalyst compositions may be used in cathodes of carbon oxide reduction electrolyzers.
Aspects of this disclosure pertain to catalyst compositions that include electrically conductive support particles; and metal catalyst particles attached to the electrically conductive support particles. The catalyst compositions may be used in cathodes of carbon oxide reduction electrolyzers.
A system optionally including a carbon oxide reactor. A method for carbon oxide reactor control, optionally including selecting carbon oxide reactor aspects based on a desired output composition, running a carbon oxide reactor under controlled process conditions to produce a desired output composition, and/or altering the process conditions to alter the output composition.
C25B 9/19 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
Disclosed are membrane electrode assemblies having a cathode layer comprising a carbon oxide reduction catalyst that promotes reduction of a carbon oxide; an anode layer comprising a catalyst that promotes oxidation of a water; a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) layer disposed between, and in contact with, the cathode layer and the anode layer; and a salt having a concentration of at least about 10 uM in at least a portion of the MEA.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
C25B 13/08 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
11 - Environmental control apparatus
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Industrial chemicals; carbon monoxide; captured carbon dioxide; formate; formic acid; glyoxal; glycolaldehyde; ethanol; acetone; n-propanol; methane; ethylene; ethylene glycol; allyl alcohol; acetic acid; acetaldehyde; hydroxyacetone; propionaldehyde; polymers produced from the foregoing compounds; carbon and carbon black for industrial purposes; synthesis gas for industrial purposes; unprocessed synthetic resins for use in the manufacture of plastic molding compounds; chemically modified plastic and clay composition for use in the manufacture of plastics; unprocessed composite carbon epoxy resins; detergents for use in manufacturing processes. Fuel; diesel oil; diesel fuel; aviation fuel; marine fuel; industrial and vehicular lubricants; all purpose lubricants; synthesis gas. Reactors being industrial chemical installations. Carbon oxide processing, capture, recovery, treatment and purification for others using direct capture technology; production, treatment and refinement of fuel, diesel fuel, biofuel and biodiesel fuel for others; leasing of renewable energy equipment for use in converting renewable resources into chemicals, materials and fuels; greenhouse gas reduction processing services utilizing a chemical process that operates on effluent gas streams from power plants and other sources that generate carbon dioxide.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
Goods & Services
Industrial chemicals; carbon monoxide; captured carbon
dioxide; formate; formic acid; glyoxal; glycolaldehyde;
ethanol; acetone; n-propanol; methane; ethylene; ethylene
glycol; allyl alcohol; acetic acid; acetaldehyde;
hydroxyacetone; propionaldehyde; polymers produced from the
foregoing compounds; carbon and carbon black for industrial
purposes; unprocessed synthetic resins for use in the
manufacture of plastic molding compounds; chemically
modified plastic and clay composition for use in the
manufacture of plastics; unprocessed composite carbon epoxy
resins. Fuel; diesel oil; diesel fuel; aviation fuel; marine fuel;
industrial and vehicular lubricants; all purpose lubricants;
syngas.
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
(1) Automobile Fuel; diesel oil; diesel fuel; aviation fuel; marine fuel; aviation fuel, namely, jet fuel produced using at least one electrochemically-derived reactant, including carbon oxide and hydrogen gas; industrial and vehicular lubricants; all purpose lubricants; synthesis gas being a fuel. (1) Carbon capture for others using direct air capture technology; production, treatment and refinement of fuel, diesel fuel, biofuel and biodiesel fuel for others; leasing of renewable energy equipment for use in converting renewable resources into chemicals, materials and fuels; greenhouse gas reduction services utilizing a chemical process that operates on effluent gas streams from power plants and other sources that generate carbon dioxide.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
Goods & Services
Industrial chemicals; carbon monoxide; captured carbon
dioxide; formate; formic acid; glyoxal; glycolaldehyde;
ethanol; acetone; n-propanol; methane; ethylene; ethylene
glycol; allyl alcohol; acetic acid; acetaldehyde;
hydroxyacetone; propionaldehyde; polymers produced from the
foregoing compounds; carbon and carbon black for industrial
purposes; unprocessed synthetic resins for use in the
manufacture of plastic molding compounds; chemically
modified plastic and clay composition for use in the
manufacture of plastics; unprocessed composite carbon epoxy
resins. Fuel; diesel oil; diesel fuel; aviation fuel; marine fuel;
industrial and vehicular lubricants; all purpose lubricants;
synthesis gas.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
Goods & Services
Industrial chemicals; carbon monoxide; captured carbon
dioxide; formate; formic acid; glyoxal; glycolaldehyde;
ethanol; acetone; n-propanol; methane; ethylene; ethylene
glycol; allyl alcohol; acetic acid; acetaldehyde;
hydroxyacetone; propionaldehyde; polymers produced from the
foregoing compounds; carbon and carbon black for industrial
purposes; unprocessed synthetic resins for use in the
manufacture of plastic molding compounds; chemically
modified plastic and clay composition for use in the
manufacture of plastics; unprocessed composite carbon epoxy
resins. Fuel; diesel oil; diesel fuel; aviation fuel; marine fuel;
industrial and vehicular lubricants; all purpose lubricants;
synthesis gas.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
02 - Paints, varnishes, lacquers
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
20 - Furniture and decorative products
25 - Clothing; footwear; headgear
28 - Games; toys; sports equipment
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Industrial chemicals; carbon monoxide; captured carbon
dioxide; formate; formic acid; glyoxal; glycolaldehyde;
ethanol; acetone; n-propanol; methane; ethylene; ethylene
glycol; allyl alcohol; acetic acid; acetaldehyde;
hydroxyacetone; propionaldehyde; polymers produced from the
foregoing compounds; carbon and carbon black for industrial
purposes; unprocessed synthetic resins for use in the
manufacture of plastic molding compounds; chemically
modified plastic and clay composition for use in the
manufacture of plastics; unprocessed composite carbon epoxy
resins; detergents for use in manufacturing processes. Paints; paint thinners. Makeup; detergents for household use. Fuel; diesel oil; diesel fuel; aviation fuel; marine fuel;
industrial and vehicular lubricants; all purpose lubricants;
synthesis gas. Industrial chemical reactor machines. Eyewear, namely, sunglasses, eyeglasses and ophthalmic
frames and cases therefor; protective and safety eyewear;
eyewear for pets. Refrigerators; fridge-freezers; cooking stove; cooking oven;
microwave oven. Automobile parts, namely, structural and interior automobile
body parts, seats and paneling. Plastic in the form of bars, blocks, pellets, rods, sheets
and tubes for use in manufacturing and general industrial
use; plastics in extruded form for use in further
manufacturing; plastic composite material in the form of
profiles, boards, sheets, blocks, rods, powder, and pellets
for use in manufacturing; semi-worked synthetic plastic and
synthetic resins as semi-finished products in form of
pellets, rods, foils, foams, fibers, films and sheets;
building insulation; insulating materials and tapes; packing
materials. Furniture. Clothing, namely, tops, bottoms, dresses, one piece
clothing, undergarments, socks, pantyhose, tights, shoes,
neckwear, and headwear. Toys; infant toys; pet toys. Transport of captured carbon dioxide (CO2) for others;
physical storage of captured carbon dioxide (CO2) for
others. Carbon capture for others using direct air capture
technology; production, treatment and refinement of fuel,
diesel fuel, biofuel and biodiesel fuel for others; leasing
of renewable energy equipment for use in converting
renewable resources into chemicals, materials and fuels;
greenhouse gas reduction services utilizing a chemical
process that operates on effluent gas streams from power
plants and other sources that generate carbon dioxide.
x) reduction reactors (CRR) and related apparatus. In some embodiments, the methods involve shutting off, reducing, or otherwise controlling current during various operation stages including hydration, break-in, normal operation, planned shut-offs, and extended shutoff or storage periods.
C25B 9/23 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
02 - Paints, varnishes, lacquers
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
20 - Furniture and decorative products
25 - Clothing; footwear; headgear
28 - Games; toys; sports equipment
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Industrial chemicals; carbon monoxide; captured carbon
dioxide; formate; formic acid; glyoxal; glycolaldehyde;
ethanol; acetone; n-propanol; methane; ethylene; ethylene
glycol; allyl alcohol; acetic acid; acetaldehyde;
hydroxyacetone; propionaldehyde; polymers produced from the
foregoing compounds; carbon and carbon black for industrial
purposes; unprocessed synthetic resins for use in the
manufacture of plastic molding compounds; chemically
modified plastic and clay composition for use in the
manufacture of plastics; unprocessed composite carbon epoxy
resins; detergents for use in manufacturing processes. Paints; paint thinners. Makeup; detergents for household use. Fuel; diesel oil; diesel fuel; aviation fuel; marine fuel;
industrial and vehicular lubricants; all purpose lubricants;
synthesis gas. Industrial chemical reactors. Eyewear, namely, sunglasses, eyeglasses and ophthalmic
frames and cases therefor; protective and safety eyewear;
eyewear for pets. Refrigerators; fridge-freezers; cooking stoves; cooking
ovens; microwave ovens. Automobile parts, namely, structural and interior automobile
body parts, seats and paneling. Plastic in the form of bars, blocks, pellets, rods, sheets
and tubes for use in manufacturing and general industrial
use; plastics in extruded form for use in further
manufacturing; plastic composite material in the form of
profiles, boards, sheets, blocks, rods, powder, and pellets
for use in manufacturing; semi-worked synthetic plastic and
synthetic resins as semi-finished products in form of
pellets, rods, foils, foams, fibers, films and sheets;
building insulation; insulating materials and tapes; packing
[cushioning, stuffing] materials of rubber or plastics. Furniture. Clothing, namely, tops, bottoms, dresses, one piece
clothing, undergarments, socks, pantyhose, tights, shoes,
neckwear, and headwear. Toys; infant toys; pet toys. Transport of captured carbon dioxide (CO2) for others;
physical storage of captured carbon dioxide (CO2) for
others. Carbon capture for others using direct air capture
technology; production, treatment and refinement of fuel,
diesel fuel, biofuel and biodiesel fuel for others; leasing
of renewable energy equipment for use in converting
renewable resources into chemicals, materials and fuels;
greenhouse gas reduction services utilizing a chemical
process that operates on effluent gas streams from power
plants and other sources that generate carbon dioxide.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
02 - Paints, varnishes, lacquers
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
20 - Furniture and decorative products
25 - Clothing; footwear; headgear
28 - Games; toys; sports equipment
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Industrial chemicals; carbon monoxide; captured carbon
dioxide; formate; formic acid; glyoxal; glycolaldehyde;
ethanol; acetone; n-propanol; methane; ethylene; ethylene
glycol; allyl alcohol; acetic acid; acetaldehyde;
hydroxyacetone; propionaldehyde; polymers produced from the
foregoing compounds; carbon and carbon black for industrial
purposes; unprocessed synthetic resins for use in the
manufacture of plastic molding compounds; chemically
modified plastic and clay composition for use in the
manufacture of plastics; unprocessed composite carbon epoxy
resins; detergents for use in manufacturing processes. Paints; paint thinners. Makeup; detergents for household use. Fuel; diesel oil; diesel fuel; aviation fuel; marine fuel;
industrial and vehicular lubricants; all purpose lubricants;
synthetic gas. Industrial chemical reactors. Eyewear, namely, sunglasses, eyeglasses and ophthalmic
frames and cases therefor; protective and safety eyewear;
eyewear for pets. Refrigerators; fridge-freezers; cooking stoves; cooking
ovens; microwave ovens. Automobile parts, namely, structural and interior automobile
body parts, seats and paneling. Plastic in the form of bars, blocks, pellets, rods, sheets
and tubes for use in manufacturing and general industrial
use; plastics in extruded form for use in further
manufacturing; plastic composite material in the form of
profiles, boards, sheets, blocks, rods, powder, and pellets
for use in manufacturing; semi-worked synthetic plastic and
synthetic resins as semi-finished products in form of
pellets, rods, foils, foams, fibers, films and sheets;
building insulation; insulating materials and tapes; packing
[cushioning, stuffing] materials of rubber or plastics. Furniture. Clothing, namely, tops, bottoms, dresses, one piece
clothing, undergarments, socks, pantyhose, tights, shoes,
neckwear, and headwear. Toys; infant toys; pet toys. Transport of captured carbon dioxide (CO2) for others;
physical storage of captured carbon dioxide (CO2) for
others. Carbon capture for others using direct air capture
technology; production, treatment and refinement of fuel,
diesel fuel, biofuel and biodiesel fuel for others; leasing
of renewable energy equipment for use in converting
renewable resources into chemicals, materials and fuels;
greenhouse gas reduction services utilizing a chemical
process that operates on effluent gas streams from power
plants and other sources that generate carbon dioxide.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
Goods & Services
(1) Industrial chemicals, namely, chemical compositions for carbon dioxide conversion to fuel; carbon monoxide; captured carbon dioxide; formate; formic acid; glyoxal; glycolaldehyde; ethanol; acetone; n-propanol; methane; ethylene; ethylene glycol; allyl alcohol; acetic acid; acetaldehyde; hydroxyacetone; propionaldehyde; polymers produced using carbon dioxide for use in the manufacture of industrial products, consumer and household products, sealants, and automotive fluids; carbon and carbon black for use in the manufacture of industrial products, consumer and household products, sealants, and automotive fluids; unprocessed synthetic resins for use in the manufacture of plastic molding compounds; chemically modified plastic and clay composition for use in the manufacture of plastics; unprocessed composite carbon epoxy resins; industrial detergents for use in manufacturing processes.
(2) Diesel oil; diesel fuel; aviation fuel; marine fuel; industrial and vehicular lubricants; all purpose lubricants; synthesis gas.
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
Goods & Services
Fuel; diesel oil; diesel fuel; aviation fuel; marine fuel; fuel for aviation vehicles, namely, jet fuel produced using at least one electrochemically-derived reactant, jet fuel produced from CO derived from electrochemical reduction of CO2, jet fuel produced from H2 derived from electrolysis of water, and jet fuel produced from CO derived from electrochemical reduction of CO2 and H2 derived from electrolysis of water; industrial and vehicular lubricants; all purpose lubricants
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
02 - Paints, varnishes, lacquers
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
20 - Furniture and decorative products
25 - Clothing; footwear; headgear
28 - Games; toys; sports equipment
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
(1) Industrial chemicals; carbon monoxide; captured carbon dioxide; formate; formic acid; glyoxal; glycolaldehyde; ethanol; acetone; n-propanol; methane; ethylene; ethylene glycol; allyl alcohol; acetic acid; acetaldehyde; hydroxyacetone; propionaldehyde; polymers produced from the foregoing compounds; carbon and carbon black for industrial purposes; unprocessed synthetic resins for use in the manufacture of plastic molding compounds; chemically modified plastic and clay composition for use in the manufacture of plastics; unprocessed composite carbon epoxy resins; detergents for use in manufacturing processes.
(2) Paints; paint thinners.
(3) Makeup; detergents for household use.
(4) Fuel; diesel oil; diesel fuel; aviation fuel; marine fuel; industrial and vehicular lubricants; all purpose lubricants; synthesis gas.
(5) Industrial chemical reactor machines.
(6) Eyewear, namely, sunglasses, eyeglasses and ophthalmic frames and cases therefor; protective and safety eyewear; eyewear for pets.
(7) Refrigerators; fridge-freezers; cooking stove; cooking oven; microwave oven.
(8) Automobile parts, namely, structural and interior automobile body parts, seats and paneling.
(9) Plastic in the form of bars, blocks, pellets, rods, sheets and tubes for use in manufacturing and general industrial use; plastics in extruded form for use in further manufacturing; plastic composite material in the form of profiles, boards, sheets, blocks, rods, powder, and pellets for use in manufacturing; semi-worked synthetic plastic and synthetic resins as semi-finished products in form of pellets, rods, foils, foams, fibers, films and sheets; building insulation; insulating materials and tapes; packing materials.
(10) Furniture.
(11) Clothing, namely, tops, bottoms, dresses, one piece clothing, undergarments, socks, pantyhose, tights, shoes, neckwear, and headwear.
(12) Toys; infant toys; pet toys. (1) Transport of captured carbon dioxide (CO2) for others; Physical storage of captured carbon dioxide (CO2) for others
(2) Carbon capture for others using direct air capture technology; Production, treatment and refinement of fuel, diesel fuel, biofuel and biodiesel fuel for others; Leasing of renewable energy equipment for use in converting renewable resources into chemicals, materials and fuels; Greenhouse gas reduction services utilizing a chemical process that operates on effluent gas streams from power plants and other sources that generate carbon dioxide
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
04 - Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; fuels
05 - Pharmaceutical, veterinary and sanitary products
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
16 - Paper, cardboard and goods made from these materials
Goods & Services
Industrial chemicals; Carbon monoxide; Captured carbon dioxide for industrial purposes; Formate; Formic Acid; Glyoxal for industrial chemical purposes; Glycolaldehyde for industrial chemical purposes; Ethanol not used as a fuel; Acetone; n-Propanol for industrial chemical purposes; Methane; Ethylene; Ethylene Glycol; Allyl Alcohol; Acetic acid; Synthesis gas for industrial use not used as a fuel; Acetaldehyde; Hydroxyacetone for industrial chemical purposes; Propionaldehyde for industrial chemical purposes; Polymers produced from the foregoing compounds, namely, Polymer coating agents for paper, Unprocessed polymer resins, Polymer base compositions used in the manufacture of commercial, industrial and domestic goods, Polymers used in the manufacture of confectionery; Carbon and carbon black for industrial purposes; Unprocessed synthetic resins for use in the manufacture of plastic molding compounds; Chemically modified plastic and clay composition for use in the manufacture of plastics; Unprocessed composite carbon epoxy resins Fuel; Diesel oil; Diesel fuel; Aviation fuel; Marine fuel; Industrial and vehicular lubricants; All purpose lubricants; Oils, waxes for use in the manufacture of other products; Wax dispersions for use in the manufacture of chemicals, cosmetics and personal care products, crayons, candles, and adhesives; Industrial wax; Wax emulsions and wax powders for industrial applications; Wax for making candles; Ethanol fuels; Synthesis gas being fuel Skin preparations for medical use, namely, Preparations for cleansing the skin for medical use, Medicated skin soap, Medicated skin care preparations, and Medicated skin toners; Captured carbon dioxide (CO2) for medical purposes Blank record disks; Pre-recorded vinyl record albums featuring music; Pre-recorded vinyl record albums featuring spoken word Crayons; Wax crayons
