The present disclosure generally relates to a system for treating a surface, comprising an ultraviolet (UV) lighting arrangement configured to emit UV light towards the surface at a first and a second wavelength range to effectively reduce microorganisms at the surface.
The present disclosure generally relates to a system for treating a surface, comprising an ultraviolet (UV) lighting arrangement configured to emit UV light towards the surface at a first and a second wavelength range to effectively reduce microorganisms at the surface.
The present invention generally relates to a method for operating a plurality of field emission light sources, specifically for performing a testing procedure in relation to a plurality of field emission light sources manufactured in a chip based fashion. The invention also relates to a corresponding testing system.
The present disclosure generally relates to field emission cathode structure for a field emission arrangement, specifically adapted for enhance reliability and prolong the lifetime of the field emission arrangement by arranging a getter element underneath a gas permeable portion of the field emission cathode structure. The present disclosure also relates to a field emission lighting arrangement comprising such a field emission cathode structure and to a field emission lighting system.
The present invention generally relates to a system for treating a fluid and specifically to a treatment system configured for improved bacterial reduction, wherein the system comprises a field emission based UV light source adapted to emit light within a ultraviolet C (UVC) spectrum with a wavelength range having an upper range limit being higher compared to light emitted from a mercury based UV light source.
H01J 61/20 - Selection of substances for gas fillingsSpecified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent mercury vapour
H01J 61/44 - Devices characterised by the luminescent material
6.
Field emission light source adapted to emit UV light
A method for forming a light extraction layer including nanostructures, the method including: providing a substrate, the substrate being at least partially transparent to UV light; forming a non-aqueous precursor solution comprising fluorine and an alkaline earth metal to form alkaline earth metal difluoride particles; applying the precursor solution on at least a first side of the substrate; drying the substrate at a first temperature for a first period of time; and baking the substrate at a second temperature, higher than the first temperature, for a second period of time, thereby forming a light extraction nanostructure layer comprising alkaline earth metal difluoride nanostructures on the substrate. Also, a light extraction structure and to a UV lamp including such an extraction structure.
H01J 61/35 - VesselsContainers provided with coatings on the walls thereofSelection of materials for the coatings
C23C 18/12 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
H01J 61/40 - Devices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light by light-filtersDevices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light by coloured coatings in or on the envelope
H01J 63/04 - Vessels provided with luminescent coatingsSelection of materials for the coatings
H01J 9/20 - Manufacture of screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked-up, converted or storedApplying coatings to the vessel
F21V 8/00 - Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems
H01L 33/46 - Reflective coating, e.g. dielectric Bragg reflector
H01L 33/44 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by the coatings, e.g. passivation layer or anti-reflective coating
The present invention relates to a method for controllably growing ZnO nanowires, for example to be used in relation to field emission lighting. In particular, the invention relates to a method of controlling thermal oxidation conditions to achieve steady-state conditions between an oxygen consumption rate by a growing oxide on a surface of a structure and the decomposition rate of the oxygen-carrying species within the chamber. The invention also relates to a corresponding field emission cathode.
The present disclosure generally relates to field emission cathode structure for a field emission arrangement, specifically adapted for enhance reliability and prolong the lifetime of the field emission arrangement by arranging a getter element underneath a gas permeable portion of the field emission cathode structure. The present disclosure also relates to a field emission lighting arrangement comprising such a field emission cathode structure and to a field emission lighting system.
H01J 7/18 - Means for absorbing or adsorbing gas, e.g. by gettering
H01J 63/06 - Lamps with luminescent screen excited by the ray or stream
H01L 23/26 - Fillings characterised by the material, its physical or chemical properties, or its arrangement within the complete device including materials for absorbing or reacting with moisture or other undesired substances
B81B 7/02 - Microstructural systems containing distinct electrical or optical devices of particular relevance for their function, e.g. microelectro-mechanical systems [MEMS]
H01J 9/02 - Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
The present invention generally relates to an extraction structure for a UV lighting element. The present invention also relates to a UV lamp comprising such an extraction structure onto a substrate. The extraction structure comprises a plurality of nanostructures for anti-reflecting purposes. The nanostructures are grown on the top surface of at least one of the first and second side of the substrate.
H01J 5/16 - Optical or photographic arrangements structurally combined with the vessel
H01J 61/35 - VesselsContainers provided with coatings on the walls thereofSelection of materials for the coatings
H01J 61/40 - Devices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light by light-filtersDevices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light by coloured coatings in or on the envelope
G02B 1/118 - Anti-reflection coatings having sub-optical wavelength surface structures designed to provide an enhanced transmittance, e.g. moth-eye structures
H01J 61/72 - Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a main light-emitting filling of easily vaporisable metal vapour, e.g. mercury
H01J 65/04 - Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating
H01J 61/44 - Devices characterised by the luminescent material
H01J 63/06 - Lamps with luminescent screen excited by the ray or stream
The present invention generally relates to a method for operating a plurality of field emission light sources, specifically for performing a testing procedure in relation to a plurality of field emission light sources manufactured in a chip based fashion. Each field emission light source comprising a cathode side including an electrical cathode connection and an oppositely arranged anode side including an electrical cathode connection. The method comprises: - arranging the plurality of field emission light sources in vicinity of each other in a matrix formation having m rows and n columns, where the electrical cathode connections for the field emission light sources are electrically connected to each other in line with the columns, and the electrical anode connection for the field emission light sources are electrically connected to each other in line with the rows, - providing an electrical interface point for each of the m rows and the n columns, and - applying a control signal to at least one of the electrical interface points at each of the m rows and to at least one of the electrical interface points at each of the n columns, thereby energizing at least one of the field emission light sources for emitting light. The invention also relates to a corresponding testing system.
The present invention generally relates to a system for treating a fluid and specifically to a treatment system (200) configured for selectively activating a first (206) and a second UV light source (104). The aim of the invention is to reduce the effective energy consumption of a system for treating a fluid with UV light. The invention especially concerns to overcome the drawback with mercury light sources, which do not turn on immediately. Only the second UV light source (104) is an UV mercury based light source and the electrical power supply is configured to selectively deactivate the first UV light source (206) based on a predetermined condition based on a warm-up period for the second light source.
The present invention generally relates to a field emission light source and specifically to a field emission light source adapted to emit ultraviolet (UV) light. The light source has a UV emission member provided with an electron-excitable UV emitting material. The material is at least one of LuPO3:Pr3+, Lu2Si2O2:Pr3+, LaPO4:Pr3+, YBO3:Pr3+ and YPO4:Bi3+.
The present invention relates to the field of field emission lighting, and specifically to a method for forming a field emission cathode. The method comprises arranging a growth substrate in a growth solution comprising a Zn-based growth agent, the growth solution having a pre-defined pH-value at room temperature; increasing the pH value of the growth solution to reach a nucleation phase; upon increasing the pH of the solution nucleation starts. The growth phase is then entered by decreasing the pH. The length of the nanorods is determined by the growth time. The process is terminated by increasing the pH to form sharp tips. The invention also relates to a structure for such a field emission cathode and to a lighting arrangement comprising the field emission cathode.
H01J 9/02 - Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
H01J 63/02 - Details, e.g. electrode, gas filling, shape of vessel
H01J 63/06 - Lamps with luminescent screen excited by the ray or stream
C30B 7/14 - Single-crystal growth from solutions using solvents which are liquid at normal temperature, e.g. aqueous solutions the crystallising materials being formed by chemical reactions in the solution
B82Y 40/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
C30B 7/10 - Single-crystal growth from solutions using solvents which are liquid at normal temperature, e.g. aqueous solutions by application of pressure, e.g. hydrothermal processes
15.
SYSTEM FOR TREATING A FLUID WITH NON-MERCURY-BASED UV LIGHT
The present invention generally relates to a system for treating a fluid and specifically to a treatment system configured for improved bacterial reduction, wherein the system comprises a field emission based UV light source adapted to emit light within a ultraviolet C (UVC) spectrum with a wavelength range having an upper range limit being higher compared to light emitted from a mercury based UV light source.
The present invention generally relates to a field emission light source and specifically to a miniaturized field emission light source that is possible to manufacture in large volumes at low cost using the concept of wafer level manufacturing, i.e., a similar approach as used by integrated circuits (IC) and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The invention also relates to a lighting arrangement comprising at least one field emission light source.
The present invention generally relates to a method for forming a light extraction layer comprising nanostructures, the method comprising: providing a substrate, the substrate being at least partially transparent to UV light; forming a non-aqueous precursor solution comprising fluorine and an alkaline earth metal to form alkaline earth metal difluoride particles; applying the precursor solution on at least a first side of the substrate; drying the substrate at a first temperature for a first period of time; and baking the substrate at a second temperature, higher than the first temperature, for a second period of time, thereby forming a light extraction nanostructure layer comprising alkaline earth metal difluoride nanostructures on the substrate. The present invention also relates to a light extraction structure and to a UV lamp comprising such an extraction structure.
C23C 18/00 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating
H01J 61/35 - VesselsContainers provided with coatings on the walls thereofSelection of materials for the coatings
H01L 33/44 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by the coatings, e.g. passivation layer or anti-reflective coating
The present invention relates to a method for controllably growing ZnO nanowires, for example to be used in relation to field emission lighting. In particular, the invention relates to a method of controlling thermal oxidation conditions to achieve steady-state conditions between an oxygen consumption rate by a growing oxide on a surface of a structure and the decomposition rate of the oxygen-carrying species within the chamber. The invention also relates to a corresponding field emission cathode.
The present invention generally relates to an extraction structure for a UV lighting element. The present invention also relates to a UV lamp comprising such an extraction structure onto a substrate. The extraction structure comprises a plurality of nanostructures for anti-reflecting purposes. The nanostructures are grown on the top surface of at least one of the first and second side of the substrate.
The present invention generally relates to a system for treating a fluid and specifically to a treatment system (200) configured for selectively activating a first (206) and a second UV light source (104). The aim of the invention is to reduce the effective energy consumption of a system for treating a fluid with UV light. The invention especially concerns to overcome the drawback with mercury light sources, which do not turn on immediately. Only the second UV light source (104) is an UV mercury based light source and the electrical power supply is configured to selectively deactivate the first UV light source (206) based on a predetermined condition based on a warm-up period for the second light source.
The present invention relates to the field of field emission lighting, and specifically to a method for forming a field emission cathode. The method comprises arranging a growth substrate in a growth solution comprising a Zn-based growth agent, the growth solution having a pre-defined pH-value at room temperature; increasing the pH value of the growth solution to reach a nucleation phase; upon increasing the pH of the solution nucleation starts. The growth phase is then entered by decreasing the pH. The length of the nanorods is determined by the growth time. The process is terminated by increasing the pH to form sharp tips. The invention also relates to a structure for such a field emission cathode and to a lighting arrangement comprising the field emission cathode.
C30B 7/10 - Single-crystal growth from solutions using solvents which are liquid at normal temperature, e.g. aqueous solutions by application of pressure, e.g. hydrothermal processes
H01J 9/02 - Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
H01J 63/02 - Details, e.g. electrode, gas filling, shape of vessel
H01J 63/06 - Lamps with luminescent screen excited by the ray or stream
The present invention generally relates to a field emission light source and specifically to a miniaturized field emission light source that is possible to manufacture in large volumes at low cost using the concept of wafer level manufacturing, i.e. a similar approach as used by IC's and MEMS. The invention also relates to a lighting arrangement comprising at least one field emission light source. The field emission light source comprises: - a field emission cathode (106) comprising a plurality of nanostructures (104) formed on a substrate; - an electrically conductive anode structure (108) comprising a first wavelength converting material (118) arranged to cover at least a portion of the anode structure, wherein the first wavelength converting material is configured to receive electrons emitted from the field emission cathode and to emit light of a first wavelength range, and - means for forming an hermetically sealed and subsequently evacuated cavity (106) between the substrate of the field emission cathode and the anode structure, including a spacer structure (302, 110) arranged to encircle the plurality of nanostructures, wherein the substrate for receiving the plurality of nanostructures is a wafer (102').
There is provided a method for manufacturing a plurality of nanostructures comprising the steps of providing a plurality of spherical Zn structures andoxidizing the spherical structures in ambient atmosphere at a temperature in the range of 350°C to 600°C for a time period in the range of h to 172h, such that ZnO nanowires protruding from the spherical structures are formed. There is also provided a field emission arrangement comprising a cathode having the aforementioned ZnO nanowire structures arranged thereon.
The present invention generally relates to an x-ray source and specifically to an x-ray source suitable for large area x-ray generation. The invention also relates to a system comprising such an x-ray source.
The present invention relates to a power supply for a field emission light source. The novel power supply allows for a reduction in size as well as allowing for improvements relating to power factor and efficiency. The size reduction further allows the power supply to efficiently be integrated together with the field emission light source forming a lighting device.
H05B 41/233 - Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by DC or by low-frequency AC, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec AC having no starting switch for lamps not having an auxiliary starting electrode for low-pressure lamps using resonance circuitry
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
H01J 63/06 - Lamps with luminescent screen excited by the ray or stream
The present invention relates to a field emission lighting arrangement, comprising an anode and a cathode, where the shape of the cathode is selected based on the shape of a evacuated envelope in which the anode and cathode is provided. The inventive shape of cathode allows for an improved uniformity of an electric field provided between the anode and cathode during operation of the field emission lighting arrangement. The invention also relates to a corresponding method for selecting a shape of such a cathode.
The present invention relates to a field emission lighting arrangement, comprising an anode structure at least partly covered by a phosphor layer, an evacuated envelope inside of which an anode structure is arranged, and a field emission cathode, wherein the field emission lighting arrangement is configured to receive a drive signal for powering the field emission lighting arrangement and to sequentially activate selected portions of the phosphor layer for emitting light. The same control regime may be applied to an arrangement comprising a plurality of field emission cathodes and a single field emission anode. Advantages with the invention includes increase lifetime of the field emission lighting arrangement.
H01J 31/12 - Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical outputFlying-spot tubes for scanning purposes with luminescent screen
The present invention relates to a power supply for a field emission light source. The novel power supply allows for a reduction in size as well as allowing for improvements relating to power factor and efficiency. The size reduction further allows the power supply to efficiently be integrated together with the field emission light source forming a lighting device.
H05B 41/233 - Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by DC or by low-frequency AC, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec AC having no starting switch for lamps not having an auxiliary starting electrode for low-pressure lamps using resonance circuitry
H01J 63/06 - Lamps with luminescent screen excited by the ray or stream
29.
METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING NANOSTRUCTURES AND CATHODE FOR FIELD EMISSION LIGHTING ARRANGEMENT
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a plurality of nanostructures comprising the steps of providing a plurality of protruding base structures (104) arranged on a surface of a first substrate (102), providing a seed layer mixture, comprising a solvent/dispersant and a seed material, in contact with the protruding base structures, providing a second substrate arranged in parallel with the first substrate adjacent to the protruding base structures, thereby enclosing a majority of the seed layer mixture between the first and second substrates, evaporating the solvent, thereby forming a seed layer (110) comprising the seed material on the protruding base structures, removing the second substrate, providing a growth mixture, comprising a growth agent, in contact with the seed layer, and controlling the temperature of the growth mixture so that nanostructures (114) are formed on the seed layer via chemical reaction in presence of the growth agent.
The present invention relates to a field emission lighting arrangement, comprising an evacuated envelope inside of which an anode structure comprising a phosphor layer and afield emission cathode are arranged,the anode structure being configured to receive electrons emitted by the field emission cathode and to generate light when a voltage is applied between the anode structure and the field emission cathode, wherein the evacuated envelope comprises a light exit portion and a light reflective portion being adapted to reflect light generated at the anode structure, and the field emission lighting arrangement further comprises a heat sink arranged outside of the evacuated envelope and thermally coupled to the light reflective portion. Advantages with the invention includes increase lifetime of the field emission lighting arrangement.
The present invention relates to a field emission lighting arrangement, comprising an anode structure at least partly covered by a phosphor layer, an evacuated envelope inside of which an anode structure is arranged, and a field emission cathode, wherein the field emission lighting arrangement is configured to receive a drive signal for powering the field emission lighting arrangement and to sequentially activate selected portions of the phosphor layer for emitting light. The same control regime may be applied to an arrangement comprising a plurality of field emission cathodes and a single field emission anode. Advantages with the invention includes increase lifetime of the field emission lighting arrangement.
The present invention relates to afield emission cathode, comprising an at least partly electrically conductive base structure, and a plurality of electrically conductive micrometer sized sections spatially distributed at the base structure, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of micrometer sized sections each are provided with a plurality of electrically conductive nanostructures. Advantages of the invention include lower power consumption as well as an increase in light output of e.g. a field emission lighting arrangement comprising the field emission cathode.
H01J 31/12 - Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical outputFlying-spot tubes for scanning purposes with luminescent screen
H01J 63/02 - Details, e.g. electrode, gas filling, shape of vessel
H01J 63/06 - Lamps with luminescent screen excited by the ray or stream
33.
RESONANCE CIRCUITRY FOR A FIELD EMISSION LIGHTING ARRANGEMENT
The present invention relates to a field emission lighting arrangement, comprising a field emission light source comprising an anode and a cathode and having an inherent predetermined capacitance, an inductor having a predetermined inductance and connected to at least one of the anode and the cathode of the field emission light source, and a power supply connected to the field emission light source and the inductor and configured to provide a drive signal for powering the field emission light source, the drive signal comprising a first frequency component having a first frequency selected to be within a frequency range, based on the predetermined capacitance and the predetermined inductance, corresponding to the half power width at resonance of the field emission lighting arrangement. Advantages of the invention include lower power consumption as well as an increase in light output of the field emission lighting arrangement.
H05B 41/28 - Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters
The present invention relates to a field emission lighting arrangement (100), comprising a first field emission cathode (106), an anode structure (102) comprising a phosphor layer (108), and an evacuated envelope inside of which the anode structure (102) and the first field emission cathode are arranged, wherein the anode structure (102) is configured to receive electrons emitted by the first field emission cathode (106) when a voltage is applied between the anode structure and the first field emission cathode and to reflect light generated by the phosphor layer (108) out from the evacuated chamber. Advantages of the invention include lower power consumption as well as an increase in light output of the field emission lighting arrangement (100).
The present invention relates to an x-raysource, comprising a field emission cathode, an anode, connectorsfor allowing application of a high voltage between the cathode and the anode for enabling emission ofanx-ray beam, and an evacuated chamber insideof which the anode and the cathode are arranged, the evacuated chamber having an x-raytransparent window, wherein the field emission cathode consists of a carbonized solid compound foam having a continuous cellular structure, the continuous cellular structure providing multiple emission cites for emission of electrons ontothe anode when the high voltage is applied. The field emission cathode provides for the possibility to increase the efficiency of the x-raysystem as it is possible to in a much higher degree control the electrons emitted by the field emission cathode in terms of switching time, current, kinetic energy and the emission direction.
The present invention relates to an evaporation system (100), comprising a vacuum chamber (102), a crucible (104) for receiving an evaporation material, a substrate holder (112) for receiving a substrate (114), and an electron beam source (116) for heating the evaporation material to be deposited on the substrate, wherein the electron beam source together with the crucible and the substrate holder are arranged inside of the vacuum chamber, the electron beam source is a field emission electron beam source, and the evaporation system further comprises a control unit for controlling the direction of electrons emitted by the field emission electron beam source such that the emitted electrons heat the evaporation material such that it evaporates.
The present invention relates to a method for the manufacturing of a field-emission display (300), comprising the steps of arranging an electron-emission receptor (302) in an evacuated chamber, arranging a wavelength converting material (304) in the vicinity of the electron-emission receptor, and arranging an electron-emission source (100) in the evacuated chamber, the electron-emission source adapted to emit electrons towards the electron-emission receptor, wherein the electron-emission source is formed by providing a substrate, forming a plurality of ZnO-nanostructures on the substrate, wherein the ZnO-nanostructures each have a first end and a second end, and the first end is connected to the substrate, arranging an electrical insulation to electrically insulate the ZnO-nanostructures from each other, connecting an electrical conductive member to the second end of a selection of the ZnO-nanostructures, arranging a support structure onto of the electrical conductive member, and removing the substrate, thereby exposing the first end of the ZnO-nanostructures. Advantages with the invention include for example increased lifetime of the field-emission display as there will be a smaller sections of the nanostructures that will be non-height-aligned. Furthermore, by not having to height align the nanostructures using an expensive etching, grinding, or similar method step, it is possible to achieve a less expensive end product. The present invention also relates to a corresponding field-emission display.
A method for manufacturing a field emission cathode comprising the steps of providing a liquid compound comprising a liquid phenolic resin and at least one of a metal salt and a metal oxide, arranging a conductive cathode support (2) such that said conductive cathode support comes in a vicinity of said liquid compound (2) and heating said liquid compound (2). By performing the above mentioned steps, a solid compound foam is formed which is transformed from said liquid compound, said solid compound foam at least partly covering said conductive cathode support. Advantage with the novel compound comprises its improved work function and the minimal or non-existing training period. Hence, this novel method will provide the possibility to manufacture a field emission cathode at a fraction of the cost associated with the in prior art used methods and materials.
An electron/photon source based on field emission, cathodoluminescent and photo-enhanced field emission, comprising an evacuated chamber inside a housing, further comprising an anode and a cathode arranged inside said evacuated chamber. Furthermore, the cathode is arranged to emit electrons when a voltage is applied between the anode and cathode, said anode being arranged to emit light at a first wavelength range when receiving electrons emitted from said cathode, and a wavelength range converting material arranged to receive said emitted light of said first wavelength range and emit light at a second wavelength range. In a novel way, the present invention makes it possible to, in two steps, convert the electrons emitted from the cathode to visible light. The invention has shown to be advantageous, and makes it possible to select new emission materials, manufactured at a fraction of the cost associated with the earlier used materials where the electron to visible light conversion was done in one step.
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