A composition for separation and recovery of hydrolytic enzymes from saccharified hydrolysates. The composition comprises flocculants for flocculating particulates. When added to saccharified hydrolysates, the composition flocculates the particulates thereby separating a separating a clarified supernatant that comprises the hydrolytic enzymes. The compositions comprise one or more of cationic polyacrylamides, lignins, lignin derivatives, sulfonated lignin derivatives and mixtures thereof. Suitable lignin derivatives can be recovered from organosolv pretreatment of lignocellulosic feedstocks.
The present disclosure relates to a solvent extraction of the lignaceous residue of a biorefming process. The present disclosure relates, at least in part, to compositions comprising lignocellulosic biomass and an organic solvent wherein the lignocellulosic biomass comprises 35% or greater of lignin material. The present disclosure relates, at least in part, to compositions comprising lignocellulosic biomass and an organic solvent wherein the lignocellulosic biomass comprises 50% or less of carbohydrate. In certain embodiments the present compositions may have a viscosity of 5000 cps or less.
The present disclosure provides the use of a biomass-derived aromatic material as a sorbent for naphthenic acid. For example, the biomass-derived aromatic material may be a lignin derivative such as an Organsolv lignin derivative. The present disclosure further provides a method for reducing the amount of naphthenic acid in a substance, said method comprising applying a suitable amount of biomass-derived aromatic sorbent to the substance containing naphthenic acid; and allowing the sorbent to interact with the substance to remove at least a portion of the naphthenic acid from the substance.
This present invention relates to an organosolv process for the extraction of materials from lignocellulosic biomass. This invention further relates to the chemicals and their derivatives extracted from biomass, uses, apparatus, methods, and the like. In an embodiment of the invention the material extracted from the lignocellulosic biomass is levulinic acid.
The present disclosure provides an organosolv biorefining process. The present process comprises treating a lignocellulosic biomass in the presence of a solvent and under certain conditions to separate at least a part of the lignin from the biomass.
The present disclosure provides the use of lignin derivatives for remediation of oil discharge such as, for example, crude or refined oil spills. The present disclosure provides methods of remediating oil discharges such as, for example, accidental discharge into a marine environment.
B01D 15/02 - Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbentsApparatus therefor with moving adsorbents
B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
E02B 15/10 - Devices for removing the material from the surface
C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
The organosolv extraction of lignin and other materials from biomass feedstocks may be accomplished using a multi-stage batch extraction procedure such as the ALCELL® process. For several reasons, commercial plants may benefit by processing multiple batches simultaneously through the use of multiple extractors and associated hardware. By suitably modifying the timing sequences and system design, it is possible to share or even eliminate many of the solvent accumulators typically used in such systems and thereby reduce cost and simplify system design.
The present disclosure provides an organosolv process. The present process comprises treating a lignocellulosic biomass in the presence of a solvent and under certain conditions to separate at least a part of the lignin from the biomass.
The present disclosure provides derivatives of native lignin having a certain carbon content and/or a certain alkoxy content and their use in carbon fibres.
The present disclosure provides a binder composition comprising a diisocyanate and a derivative of native lignin. The derivative of native lignin is treated such that it is characterized by the aliphatic hydroxy content. The binder may be used in an adhesive system comprising: a. a resin comprising at least about 30% by weight of phenol-formaldehyde resin and at least about 30% by weight of derivative of native lignin; and b. an isocyanate based binder.
Processes and systems for concurrent recovery of lignin derivatives and syngas from a lignocellulosic feedstock. The processes and systems therefor generally comprise the steps of: (a) perfusing and cooking the lignocellulosic feedstock with a suitable organic solvent for a suitable period of time thereby producing a cellulosic solids output stream and a spent liquid solvent stream, said spent liquid solvent stream comprising solubilized lignin derivatives and other organic compounds; (b) separating said cellulosic solids output stream and said spent liquid solvent stream; (c) recovering lignin derivatives from the spent liquid solvent stream thereby producing at least a partially de-lignified spent liquid solvent stream; (d) recovering a portion of the organic solvent from the at least partially de-lignified spent liquid solvent stream thereby producing a stillage; and (e) gasifying the cellulosic solids output stream thereby producing a combustible syngas.
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
C07G 1/00 - Low-molecular-weight derivatives of lignin
C08H 8/00 - Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials
12.
DERIVATIVES OF NATIVE LIGNIN FROM HARDWOOD FEEDSTOCKS
The present invention provides hardwood derivatives of native lignin having an aliphatic hydroxyl content of from about 5.2 mmol/g to about 7 mmol/g. Surprisingly, it has been found that consistent and predictable antioxidant activity may be provided by selecting for derivatives of native lignin having a certain aliphatic hydroxyl content.
The present invention provides derivatives of native lignin having an ethoxy content of 0.45 mmol/g or greater. Surprisingly, it has been found that phenolic resins comprising derivatives of native lignin having ethoxy contents have acceptable performance characteristics such as bond strength.
C07G 1/00 - Low-molecular-weight derivatives of lignin
C08G 8/20 - Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ with polyhydric phenols
C08L 61/12 - Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols with polyhydric phenols
The present invention provides derivatives of native lignin having an aliphatic hydroxyl content of 2.35 mmol/g or less Suprisingly, it has been found that consistent and predictable antioxidant activity may be provided by selecting for deriatives of native lignin having a certain aliphatic hydroxyl content.
The present invention provides annual fibre lignin derivatives having an aliphatic hydroxyl content of from about 1 mmol/g to about 3.75 mmol/g Surprisingly, it has been found that consistent and predictable antioxidant activity may be provided by selecting for derivatives of native lignin having a certain aliphatic hydroxyl content
The present invention provides softwood derivatives of native lignin having an aliphatic hydroxyl content of from about 2.5 mmol/g to about 7 mmol/g. Surprisingly, it has been found that consistent and predictable antioxidant activity may be provided by selecting for derivatives of native lignin having a certain aliphatic hydroxyl content.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
(1) Chemical products extracted from wood and other fibrous plant materials, namely, lignocellulosic feedstocks, forest and agricultural biomass, energy crops of wheat and rye, namely, a cellulose rich fraction, a lignin rich fraction, wood derived phenolics and aromatics, wood sugars, furfural, ethyl acetate, vanillin, acetic acid, 5-methyl furfural and hemicellulose. (1) Chemical treatment of wood and other fibrous plant materials for the extraction from wood and other fibrous plant materials of chemical products, namely, a cellulose rich fraction, a lignin rich fraction, wood derived phenolics and aromatics, wood sugars, furfural, ethyl acetate, vanillin, acetic acid, 5-methyl furfural and hemicellulose.
An apparatus for processing sugar cane to concurrently produce sugar from cane juice, and ethanol and other co-products from bagasse. The apparatus comprises equipment for separating a cane juice stream and a fibrous bagasse from a sugar cane feedstock, equipment for refining the cane juice, equipment for processing the fibrous bagasse for recovery therefrom of a cellulosic pulp and a liquor stream, equipment for saccharifϊcation and fermentation of the cellulosic pulp to produce a fermentation beer therefrom, and equipment for recovery of an ethanol stream from the fermentation beer. Legacy sugar mills may be retrofitted with a bagasse biorefining apparatus to concurrently produce ethanol and co-products, with existing cane juice extraction and processing operations.
A modular process for organosolv fractionation of lignocellulosic feedstocks into component parts and further processing of said component parts into one or more of a delignified cellulose stream, a sugar stream, small-chain alcohol streams and four structurally distinct classes of lignin derivatives. The modular process comprises a first processing module configured for digesting lignocellulosic feedstocks with an organic solvent thereby producing a cellulosic solids fraction and a liquid fraction, a second processing module configured for de-lignifying the cellulosic solids fraction or for separating a sugar fraction from the cellulosic solids fraction, a third processing module configured for recovering from the liquid fraction at least a second class and a third class of lignin derivatives. At least some of the organic solvent is recovered, and a fourth module recovers a semi-solid waste material.
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Research, development, design and operation services in respect of biorefineries for the production of fuel-grade ethanol and biochemicals derived from biomass.
22.
CONCURRENT SACCHARIFICATION AND FERMENTATION OF FIBROUS BIOMASS
A process for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of a cellulosic solids fraction extracted from a lignocellulosic feedstock. The viscosity of the cellulosic solids fraction is reduced by intermixing with a liquid carbohydrate stream. A suitable liquid carbohydrate stream is a de-lignified liquids fraction that was previously separated from the solids fraction during processing of the lignocellulosic feedstock. Alternatively, the viscosity of the solids fraction may be reduced by commingling with a liquid carbohydrate stream comprising one or more monosaccharides. The reduced-viscosity cellulosic solids fraction is then commingled with a fermentative microbial inoculant and a cellulosic biomass-degrading enzyme composition. The commingled mixture is maintained in a pressurized reaction vessel under elevated temperatures to enable simultaneous enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulosic solids to monosaccharides and fermentation of the monosaccharides to produce an ethanolic beer. The ethanolic beer is distillable for recovery of fuel-grade ethanol and a stillage that may be further processed.
C12P 7/10 - Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate substrate containing cellulosic material
C08H 8/00 - Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials
C12M 1/00 - Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
C12M 1/40 - Apparatus specially designed for the use of free, immobilised, or carrier-bound enzymes, e.g. apparatus containing a fluidised bed of immobilised enzymes
C12P 19/14 - Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of a carbohydrase, e.g. by alpha-amylase
C13K 1/02 - GlucoseGlucose-containing syrups obtained by saccharification of cellulosic materials
23.
CONTINUOUS COUNTER-CURRENT ORGANOSOLV PROCESSING OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC FEEDSTOCKS
A modular process for organosolv fractionation of lignocellulosic feedstocks into component parts and further processing of said component parts into at least fuel-grade ethanol and four classes of lignin derivatives. The modular process comprises a first processing module configured for physico-chemically digesting lignocellulosic feedstocks with an organic solvent thereby producing a cellulosic solids fraction and a liquid fraction, a second processing module configured for producing at least a fuel-grade ethanol and a first class of novel lignin derivatives from the cellulosic solids fraction, a third processing module configured for separating a second class and a third class of lignin derivatives from the liquid fraction and further processing the liquid fraction to produce a distillate and a stillage, a fourth processing module configured for separating a fourth class of lignin derivatives from the stillage and further processing the stillage to produce a sugar syrup.
C07G 1/00 - Low-molecular-weight derivatives of lignin
C07H 19/00 - Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radicalNucleosidesMononucleotidesAnhydro derivatives thereof
A process for concurrent production of lignins, fuel alcohol, and biogas from lignocellulosic feedstocks. The process comprises: (1) pretreating a lignocellulosic feedstock to produce a solubilised liquid components stream comprising lignins, lignin-derived compounds, and a cellulosic pulp stream, (2) separating the liquid stream from the cellulosic pulp stream, (3) processing the liquid stream to separate and recover at least lignins, lignin-derived compounds, and semi-solid waste material, (b) processing the cellulosic pulp stream to saccharify and ferment the cellulose pulp to produce a beer which is then separated into fuel-grade alcohol and a waste stillage material, (4) anaerobically digesting the semi-solid waste material from the liquid stream and the waste stillage material to produce a biogas. The rate of anaerobic digestion can be manipulated by controllably supplying a portion of the monosaccharides produced from the cellulosic pulp. The cellulosic pulp stream may also be anaerobically digested.
C12P 7/08 - Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate
D21B 1/12 - Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods by the use of steam
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
Goods & Services
(1) Lignin compounds, namely, chemical products extracted from wood and other fibrous plant materials for use in adhesives, resins, pre-cursor to carbon fiber, animal feed additives, supplements, coatings, polyurethanes, polymers, aromatics, lubricants, UV blockers and absorbents;
