A method of operating a solar energy system comprises: periodically reorienting the plurality of PV modules to maximize an instantaneous electrical output from during a first period of time characterized by a predominance of a direct solar component, and reorienting the plurality of PV modules to a plurality of orientations so as to maximize cumulative electrical output over the duration of a second period of time characterized at least at a beginning thereof by a predominance of a diffuse solar component and further characterized at least at an end thereof by a predominance of the direct solar component. At least a first reorienting during the second period of time is effective to pivot the plurality of PV modules away from an on-sun orientation.
G01S 3/786 - Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system the desired condition being maintained automatically
G05D 3/10 - Control of position or direction without using feedback
G05D 3/12 - Control of position or direction using feedback
H02S 10/00 - PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
2.
UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEMS FOR USE IN SOLAR ENERGY INSTALLATIONS
An unmanned aerial system (UAS) is provided for use in regulating operation of a solar energy system. The solar energy system comprises a plurality of photovoltaic (PV) modules and one or more drive systems configured to pivot the plurality of PV modules through respective ranges of orientations. The UAS comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) programmable to fly in proximity to one or more PV modules, the proximity being in accordance with at least one of an imaging range and a communications range. The UAS also comprises an imaging device borne by the UAV and configured to capture one or more images of PV modules, and a communications device borne by the UAV and configured to transmit a command to a controller of the solar energy system to change an operating parameter of the PV modules.
A solar energy collection system comprises an array of photovoltaic (PV) modules arranged to be pivoted about a longitudinal axis of the array by a drive system comprising an electric motor and a gearing arrangement, and a group of plants arranged to produce a crop. An irrigation system is configured to supply water to the group of plants in accordance with an irrigation program, and comprises a fluid conveyance that delivers at least some of the water to surfaces of the PV modules, which are disposed so that most of the delivered water entrains dirt on the surfaces of the PV modules and drips down to reach the plants. A controller configured to control the array of PV modules, wherein the controller is configured to orient the PV modules to a cleaning orientation prior or during delivery of the water.
H02S 40/44 - Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
A01G 25/02 - Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
A solar energy collection system comprises an array of photovoltaic (PV) modules arranged to be pivoted about a longitudinal axis of the array by a drive system comprising an electric motor and a gearing arrangement, and a group of plants arranged to produce a crop. An irrigation system is configured to supply water to the group of plants in accordance with an irrigation program, and comprises a fluid conveyance that delivers at least some of the water to surfaces of the PV modules, which are disposed so that most of the delivered water entrains dirt on the surfaces of the PV modules and drips down to reach the plants. A controller configured to control the array of PV modules, wherein the controller is configured to orient the PV modules to a cleaning orientation prior or during delivery of the water.
A solar energy system comprising a photovoltaic array, an inverter, and an energy storage device is operated according to the following steps: (a) accessing irradiance data for a past time period; (b) acquiring an irradiance forecast for a future time period having a length of not more than 15 minutes and having a cumulative irradiance forecast of between 20% and 80% of clear-sky irradiance; (c) calculating a smoothed energy target-value for an imminent time step within the future time period, using the irradiance data for the past time period and the forecasted irradiance for the future time period; and (d) during the time step, delivering a quantity of energy to the inverter based on the calculated smoothed energy target-value. The energy storage device stores energy when more is produced than delivered, and discharges energy when more is delivered than is produced.
A control system for a solar energy system causes motor assemblies to pivot the photovoltaic (PV) arrays of the solar energy system about respective longitudinal axes, e.g., to track the sun across the sky. The solar energy system also has an inverter with a known inverter rating, e.g., for a given output level and ambient temperature. The control system is programmed, inter alia, to determine when a calculated electrical output of the PV arrays, e.g., a future electrical output during an imminent future time period, exceeds the inverter rating. The control system then causes some or all of the PV arrays to pivot out of regular solar tracking mode into a position that introduces higher cosine losses, so as to reduce real-time electrical output from at least the direct normal component of real-time solar irradiance incident on the PV arrays involved in order not to exceed the inverter rating, or to exceed it less.
F24S 40/52 - Preventing overheating or overpressure by modifying the heat collection, e.g. by defocusing or by changing the position of heat-receiving elements
F24S 30/40 - Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
F24S 50/20 - Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
H02S 20/32 - Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
A solar energy system includes a photovoltaic (PV) assembly and a drive system. The PV assembly comprises a support subassembly and an array of PV panels pivotable therewith about a longitudinal axis of the PV assembly. The drive system comprises a motor assembly comprising an electric motor and a gearing arrangement, and a pivot wheel comprising a hoop-portion and joined to the PV assembly. The hoop portion includes an outer circumferential channel, and two opposing catches defining a maximum pivot range. A chain resides partly within the circumferential channel, is engaged with the two opposing catches, and is also in geared communication with the motor assembly such that the motor is operable to rotate the pivot wheel. In some embodiments, the opposing catches define a maximum pivot range through an arc of more than π radians and less than 2π radians.
A solar energy system comprising a plurality of photovoltaic (PV) panels for production of electricity, electrically coupled to a recipient system Each of the PV panels includes a negative terminal and a positive terminal. An electronic element, including at least one component requiring power for operation or charging thereof, is electrically connected to the negative terminal and to the positive terminal of one of the plurality of PV panels. Electricity for powering the electronic element is tapped from electricity produced by the one of the plurality of PV panels, such that the quantity of produced electricity delivered to the recipient system is reduced.
Various implementations described herein are directed to an apparatus including an assembly for supporting a plurality of photovoltaic panels above a ground. The assembly may be supported by one or more poles. Each of the plurality of poles may include a fixed portion configured to be fixed on the ground and a moveable portion configured to be moveably coupled to at least one of the fixed portion or the assembly. The moveable portion may have a closed configuration. At the closed configuration, the moveable portion may support the assembly by being coupled to the fixed portion, and an open configuration. At the open configuration, the moveable portion may be detached from at least one of the fixed portion and the assembly.
A solar energy system comprising a plurality of photovoltaic (PV) panels for production of electricity, electrically coupled to a recipient system. Each of the PV panels includes a negative terminal and a positive terminal. An electronic element, including at least one component requiring power for operation or charging thereof, is electrically connected to the negative terminal and to the positive terminal of one of the plurality of PV panels. Electricity for powering the electronic element is tapped from electricity produced by the one of the plurality of PV panels, such that the quantity of produced electricity delivered to the recipient system is reduced.
H02S 40/36 - Electrical components characterised by special electrical interconnection means between two or more PV modules, e.g. electrical module-to-module connection
H02S 40/32 - Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
H02S 40/38 - Energy storage means, e.g. batteries, structurally associated with PV modules
11.
OPTIMIZATION OF A VALUE FUNCTION FOR SHARING AN AVAILABLE SOLAR RESOURCE
A method of operating a solar energy collection system comprising an array of pivotable PV modules and a group of plants arranged to produce a crop, includes performing a optimization of a value function based on a current state, responsively to predicted insolation, by dynamically determining one or more orientations for the array of PV modules, and controlling, based on the optimization of the value function, at least one of the PV modules to switch orientation to increase or decrease instantaneous photovoltaic conversion of incident solar radiation by the array of PV modules and/or increase or decrease instantaneous photosynthetic conversion of the incident solar radiation by the group of plants.
H02S 20/32 - Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
G06Q 10/04 - Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
A method of operating a solar energy collection system comprising an array of pivotable PV modules and a group of plants arranged to produce a crop, includes performing a optimization of a value function based on a current state, responsively to predicted insolation, by dynamically determining one or more orientations for the array of PV modules, and controlling, based on the optimization of the value function, at least one of the PV modules to switch orientation to increase or decrease instantaneous photovoltaic conversion of incident solar radiation by the array of PV modules and/or increase or decrease instantaneous photosynthetic conversion of the incident solar radiation by the group of plants.
A solar energy system includes a photovoltaic (PV) assembly and a drive system. The PV assembly comprises a support subassembly and an array of PV panels pivotable therewith about a longitudinal axis of the PV assembly. The drive system comprises a motor assembly comprising an electric motor and a gearing arrangement, and a pivot wheel comprising a hoop-portion and joined to the PV assembly. The hoop portion includes an outer circumferential channel, and two opposing catches defining a maximum pivot range. A chain resides partly within the circumferential channel, is engaged with the two opposing catches, and is also in geared communication with the motor assembly such that the motor is operable to rotate the pivot wheel. In some embodiments, the opposing catches define a maximum pivot range through an arc of more than π radians and less than 2π radians.
H02S 20/32 - Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
H02S 40/32 - Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
H02J 3/00 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02J 3/46 - Controlling the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
F16H 19/08 - Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for interconverting rotary motion and oscillating motion
G05B 19/042 - Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
A control system for a solar energy system causes motor assemblies to pivot the photovoltaic (PV) arrays of the solar energy system about respective longitudinal axes, e.g., to track the sun across the sky. The solar energy system also has an inverter with a known inverter rating, e.g., for a given output level and ambient temperature. The control system is programmed, inter alia, to determine when a calculated electrical output of the PV arrays, e.g., a future electrical output during an imminent future time period, exceeds the inverter rating. The control system then causes some or all of the PV arrays to pivot out of regular solar tracking mode into a position that introduces higher cosine losses, so as to reduce real-time electrical output from at least the direct normal component of real-time solar irradiance incident on the PV arrays involved in order not to exceed the inverter rating, or to exceed it less.
A solar energy system comprising a photovoltaic array, an inverter, and an energy storage device is operated according to the following steps: (a) accessing irradiance data for a past time period; (b) acquiring an irradiance forecast for a future time period having a length of not more than 15 minutes and having a cumulative irradiance forecast of between 20% and 80% of clear-sky irradiance; (c) calculating a smoothed energy target-value for an imminent time step within the future time period, using the irradiance data for the past time period and the forecasted irradiance for the future time period; and (d) during the time step, delivering a quantity of energy to the inverter based on the calculated smoothed energy target-value. The energy storage device stores energy when more is produced than delivered, and discharges energy when more is delivered than is produced.
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