The present invention is a cortical stimulator. The cortical stimulator includes an implanted portion and an external portion. The implanted portion includes an implanted coil, electronics package, and a plurality of electrodes adapted to stimulate neural tissue. The implanted coil transfers power and data to the electronics package and the electronics package drives the electrodes. The external portion includes support adapted to hold an external coil in close proximity to the implanted coil when implanted; the external coil supplies power and data to the implanted coil.
Briefly, and in general terms, the present invention is directed to a cortical stimulator for neuromodulation. The cortical stimulator is configured so as to stimulate or block the operation of a portion of the cortex, for example, but not limited to, the motor cortex of a subject who has suffered a stroke. The present disclosure of a cortical stimulator includes a flexible circuit electrode array connected to an electronics package and a coil inductively coupled to an external coil for power and data. The present invention includes an electrode array significantly larger than the area intended to be stimulated. The larger electrode array allows a clinician to select the location of stimulation after completion of the surgery.
Electrotherapy medical devices, namely, neuro-stimulation
devices for treatment of medical conditions; stimulating and
recording electrode implants; visual prostheses and visual
cortical implants; cortical electrodes integrally attached
to implantable cortical stimulators for treatment of medical
conditions; electrodes, stimulators, headpieces and wearable
processors; surgical apparatus and instruments; medical
apparatus and instruments for use in surgery; medical
devices.
Electrotherapy medical devices, namely, neuro-stimulation
devices for treatment of medical conditions; stimulating and
recording electrode implants; visual prostheses and visual
cortical implants; cortical electrodes integrally attached
to implantable cortical stimulators for treatment of medical
conditions; and systems, namely, electrodes, stimulators,
headpieces and wearable processors; surgical apparatus and
instruments; medical apparatus and instruments for use in
surgery; medical devices.
Electrotherapy medical devices, namely, neuro-stimulation devices for treatment of neurological conditions; stimulating and recording medical electrode implants composed of artificial materials; visual prostheses and visual cortical implants composed of artificial materials; Medical devices in the nature of medical cortical electrodes integrally attached to implantable cortical stimulators for treatment of neurological conditions and also featuring a system consisting of, medical electrodes, medical stimulators, headpieces for medical use and wearable processors for medical use; surgical apparatus and instruments; medical apparatus and instruments for use in surgery; medical devices for use in treating or diagnosing neurological conditions
Electrotherapy medical devices, namely, neuro-stimulation devices for treatment of neurological conditions; stimulating and recording medical electrode implants composed of artificial materials; visual prostheses and visual cortical implants composed of artificial materials; Medical devices in the nature of medical cortical electrodes integrally attached to implantable cortical stimulators for treatment of neurological conditions and also featuring a system consisting of, medical electrodes, medical stimulators, headpieces for medical use and wearable processors for medical use; surgical apparatus and instruments; medical apparatus and instruments for use in surgery; medical devices for use in treating or diagnosing neurological conditions
7.
Face detection tracking and recognition for a visual prosthesis
The present invention is a system for detecting, tracking and recognizing human faces in a visual prosthesis. In a visual prosthesis, the input camera is always higher resolution than the electrode array providing percepts to the subject. It is advantageous to detect, track and recognize human faces. This information can be provided to the subject by highlighting the face in the visual scene, providing auditor or vibratory notice that a human face is in the visual scene, looking up the face in a database to identify and annunciate the name of the person in the visual scene, or otherwise communicate the identity of the person, like providing a custom vibratory pattern corresponding to known individuals (like custom ring tones associated with caller ID) or automatically zooming in on a face to aid the subject in identifying the face.
The present invention is a cortical visual prosthesis. The cortical visual prosthesis includes an implanted portion and an external portion. The implanted portion includes an implanted coil, electronics package, and a plurality of electrodes adapted to stimulate neural tissue. The implanted coil transfers power and data to the electronics package and the electronics package drives the electrodes. The external portion includes a video processor and a pair of glasses adapted to be supported by a user's nose and ears. The glasses include a support adapted to hold an external coil in close proximity to the implanted coil when implanted; the external coil supplies power and data to the implanted coil.
Electrode arrays for biological implants are disclosed. The present disclosure provides array designs for improving apposition (reducing the space between the array and neural tissue). The present disclosure also provides electrode array designs that can be made approximately spherical to increase the field of view of a visual prosthesis while still maintaining good apposition to neural tissue.
The present invention is a method of processing a video image in an electronic video processor, including the steps of receiving an input image having an input field of view, generating a processed image from the input image, and having an output field of view smaller than the input field of view, searching for a predetermined pattern within the input image, providing an indication when the predetermined pattern is found in the input image, zooming the processed image to the input field of view and highlighting the predetermined pattern in the processed image in response to the indication.
This invention provides methods for the processing of platinum metallized high temperature co-fired ceramic (HTCC) components with minimum deleterious reactions between platinum and the glass constituents of the ceramic-glass body. The process comprises co-firing a multilayer laminate green ceramic-glass body with via structures filled with a platinum powder-based material in a reducing atmosphere with a specified level of oxygen partial pressure. The oxygen partial pressure should be maintained above a minimum threshold value for a given temperature level.
H05K 3/40 - Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
B32B 37/14 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
B32B 37/02 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by a sequence of laminating steps, e.g. by adding new layers at consecutive laminating stations
B32B 38/10 - Removing layers, or parts of layers, mechanically or chemically
B32B 37/24 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
e) filling the via with electrode material.
A layer of polymer is laid down. A layer of metal is applied to the polymer and patterned to create electrodes and leads for those electrodes. A second layer of polymer is applied over the metal layer and patterned to leave openings for the electrodes, or openings are created later by means such as laser ablation. Hence the array and its supply cable are formed of a single body. Alternatively, multiple alternating layers of metal and polymer may be applied to obtain more metal traces within a given width.
The method provides an excellent adhesion between the polymer base layer and the polymer top layer and insulation of the trace metals and electrodes.
H05K 3/06 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding the conductive material being removed chemically or electrolytically, e.g. by photo-etch process
A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
H05K 3/00 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
The invention is a method of automatically adjusting a visual prosthesis electrode array to the neural characteristics of an individual patient. By recording electrically evoked responses to a predetermined input stimulus, one can alter that input stimulus to the needs of an individual patient. A minimum input stimulus is applied to a patient, followed by recording an electrically evoked response to the input stimulus. By gradually increasing stimulus levels, one can determine the minimum input that creates a neural response, thereby identifying the threshold stimulation level. One can further determine a maximum level by increasing stimulus until a predetermined maximum neural response is obtained.
This invention provides methods for processing of platinum metallized high temperature co-fired ceramic (HTCC) components with minimum deleterious reaction between platinum and the glass constituents of the ceramic-glass body. The process comprises co-firing a multilayer laminate green ceramic-glass body with via structures filled with a platinum powder-based material in a reducing atmosphere with a specified level of oxygen partial pressure. The oxygen partial pressure should be maintained above a minimum threshold value for a given temperature level.
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
B32B 37/14 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
H05K 3/40 - Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
Electrotherapy medical devices namely neuro-stimulation devices for the treatment of blindness; stimulating and recording electrode implants for the treatment of blindness; visual prostheses and visual cortical implants; cortical electrodes integrally attached to implantable cortical stimulators for the treatment of blindness; ocular and retinal prostheses and retinal implants; retinal electrodes integrally attached to implantable retinal stimulators; and systems, namely electrodes, stimulators, headpieces and wearable video processors, for the treatment of blindness; surgical apparatus and instruments for the treatment of blindness; medical apparatus and instruments for use in surgery for the treatment of blindness; medical devices for the treatment of blindness.
Electrotherapy medical devices namely neuro-stimulation devices for the treatment of blindness; stimulating and recording electrode implants for the treatment of blindness; visual prostheses and visual cortical implants; cortical electrodes integrally attached to implantable cortical stimulators for the treatment of blindness; ocular and retinal prostheses and retinal implants; retinal electrodes integrally attached to implantable retinal stimulators; and systems, namely electrodes, stimulators, headpieces and wearable video processors, for the treatment of blindness; surgical apparatus and instruments for the treatment of blindness; medical apparatus and instruments for use in surgery for the treatment of blindness; medical devices for the treatment of blindness.
Electrotherapy medical devices, namely, neuro-stimulation devices for the treatment of blindness; stimulating and recording electrode implants for the treatment of blindness; visual prostheses and visual cortical implants; cortical electrodes integrally attached to implantable cortical stimulators for the treatment of blindness; ocular and retinal prostheses and retinal implants; retinal electrodes integrally attached to implantable retinal stimulators; and systems, namely, electrodes, stimulators, headpieces and wearable video processors, for the treatment of blindness; surgical apparatus and instruments for the treatment of blindness; medical apparatus and instruments for use in surgery for the treatment of blindness; medical devices for the treatment of blindness
Electrotherapy medical devices, namely, neuro-stimulation devices for the treatment of blindness; stimulating and recording electrode implants for the treatment of blindness; visual prostheses and visual cortical implants; cortical electrodes integrally attached to implantable cortical stimulators for the treatment of blindness; ocular and retinal prostheses and retinal implants; retinal electrodes integrally attached to implantable retinal stimulators; and systems, namely, electrodes, stimulators, headpieces and wearable video processors, for the treatment of blindness; surgical apparatus and instruments for the treatment of blindness; medical apparatus and instruments for use in surgery for the treatment of blindness; medical devices for the treatment of blindness
19.
Robust instantaneous frequency estimation for hearing prosthesis sound coding
A signal processing arrangement generates electrical stimulation signals to electrode contacts in an implanted cochlear implant array. An input sound signal is processed to generate band pass signals that each represent an associated band of audio frequencies. A characteristic envelope signal is extracted for each band pass signal based on its amplitude. Stimulation timing signals are generated for each band pass signal, including for one or more selected band pass signals using a timing function defined to: i. represent instantaneous frequency as determined by the band pass signal temporal fine structure features, and ii. exclude temporal fine structure features occurring within a time period shorter than a band-specific upper frequency limit. The electrode stimulation signals are produced for each electrode contact based on the envelope signals and the stimulation timing signals.
Electrotherapy medical devices namely neuro-stimulation devices for the treatment of blindness; stimulating and recording electrode implants for the treatment of blindness; visual prostheses and visual cortical implants; cortical electrodes integrally attached to implantable cortical stimulators for the treatment of blindness; ocular and retinal prostheses and retinal implants; retinal electrodes integrally attached to implantable retinal stimulators; and systems, namely electrodes, stimulators, headpieces and wearable video processors, for the treatment of blindness; surgical apparatus and instruments for the treatment of blindness; medical apparatus and instruments for use in surgery for the treatment of blindness; medical devices for the treatment of blindness.
21.
Visual prosthesis including an improved video processing unit
The present invention is an improved visual prosthesis including a video processing unit with user controls optimized for use by blind individuals. The controls include easily identifiable shapes. The controls are programmable to provide improved usability with a simple tactile interface.
Electrotherapy medical devices, namely, neuro-stimulation devices for the treatment of blindness; stimulating and recording electrode implants for the treatment of blindness; visual prostheses and visual cortical implants; cortical electrodes integrally attached to implantable cortical stimulators for the treatment of blindness; ocular and retinal prostheses and retinal implants; retinal electrodes integrally attached to implantable retinal stimulators; and systems, namely, electrodes, stimulators, headpieces and wearable video processors, for the treatment of blindness; surgical apparatus and instruments for the treatment of blindness; medical apparatus and instruments for use in surgery for the treatment of blindness; medical devices for the treatment of blindness
23.
Flexible circuit electrode array with wire or film support
The disclosure relates to a flexible circuit electrode array comprising: a polymer base layer; metal traces deposited on said polymer base layer, including electrodes suitable to stimulate neural tissue; a polymer top layer deposited on said polymer base layer and said metal traces; and at least one support embedded in said array. The disclosure further relates to a flexible circuit electrode array comprising: a polymer base layer; metal traces deposited on said polymer base layer, including electrodes suitable to stimulate neural tissue; a polymer top layer deposited on said polymer base layer and said metal traces; and a folded flexible circuit cable connecting the electrode array with an interconnection pad. The disclosure further relates to a method of making a flexible circuit electrode array comprising: depositing a polymer base layer; depositing metal on said polymer base layer; patterning said metal to form metal traces; depositing a polymer top layer on said polymer base layer and said metal traces; heating said flexible circuit electrode array in a mold to form a three dimensional shape in said flexible circuit electrode array, embedding a support at least in the base layer, top layer or between the base and top layer, and/or folding a flexible circuit cable at least once connecting the electrode array with an interconnection pad on the array.
The present invention is a depth sensing visual prosthesis. By depth sensing objects within an image, items located at a certain depths from the user can be removed to declutter an image. The resulting image presents only objects within a range of depth from the visual prosthesis user. Depth sensing can be accomplished in various ways including structured light, time of flight, or preferably, a stereo camera pair.
A61F 9/08 - Devices or methods enabling eye-patients to replace direct visual perception by another kind of perception
A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
A61F 9/00 - Methods or devices for treatment of the eyesDevices for putting in contact-lensesDevices to correct squintingApparatus to guide the blindProtective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints
Electrode arrays for biological implants are disclosed. Electrodes are arranged in such a way so that electrical traces overlap other electrical traces in a separate layer without X shaped crossing, while overlapping to a degree sufficient to prevent dielectric breakdown of the insulating, separating layer.
The present invention is a flexible circuit electrode array for neural stimulation including a polymer base layer, a metal trace layer on the polymer base layer, and a polymer top layer on the metal traces layer, where the metal trace layer forms at least one electrode made of multiple smaller common electrodes connected by electrical traces.
The present invention is a method of processing a video image in an electronic video processor including the steps of receiving an input image having an input field of view, generating a processed image from the input image, and having an output field of view smaller than the input field of view, searching for a predetermined pattern within the input image, providing an indication when the predetermined pattern is found in the input image, and zooming the processed image to the input field of view and highlighting the predetermined pattern in the processed image in response to the indication.
The present invention is an improved spatial fitting and training system for a visual prosthesis. The system of the present invention maps projected locations of percepts, where a person perceives a percept from a visual prosthesis to the intended location of the percepts. The projected location may vary over time. These test results can be used to correct a visual prosthesis or spatially map the visual prosthesis.
A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
A61N 1/372 - Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
G06F 19/00 - Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific applications (specially adapted for specific functions G06F 17/00;data processing systems or methods specially adapted for administrative, commercial, financial, managerial, supervisory or forecasting purposes G06Q;healthcare informatics G16H)
G16H 40/63 - ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilitiesICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for local operation
The present invention consists of an implantable device with at least one package that houses electronics that receives input data or signals, and optionally, power, from an external system through at least one coil attached to the at least one package, processes the input data and delivers electrical pulses to neural tissue through at least one array of multiple electrodes that is/are attached to the at least one package. The invention, or components thereof, is/are intended to be installed in the head, or on or in the cranium, or on the dura, or on or in the brain.
An implantable device having a biocompatible hermetic package made from a biocompatible electrically non-conductive substrate and a cover bonded to the substrate. In integrated circuit and passive circuits all bonded directly to the substrate.
A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
A61F 15/00 - Auxiliary appliances for wound dressingsDispensing containers for dressings or bandages
A61N 1/375 - Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings
H01L 23/055 - ContainersSeals characterised by the shape the container being a hollow construction and having an insulating base as a mounting for the semiconductor body the leads having a passage through the base
H01L 23/06 - ContainersSeals characterised by the material of the container or its electrical properties
H01L 23/08 - ContainersSeals characterised by the material of the container or its electrical properties the material being an electrical insulator, e.g. glass
H01L 23/10 - ContainersSeals characterised by the material or arrangement of seals between parts, e.g. between cap and base of the container or between leads and walls of the container
H01L 23/00 - Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
H01L 25/18 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices the devices being of types provided for in two or more different main groups of the same subclass of , , , , or
31.
Method for making a biocompatible hermetic housing including hermetic electrical feedthroughs
A method for fabricating a biocompatible hermetic housing including electrical feedthroughs, the method comprises providing a ceramic sheet having an upper surface and a lower surface, forming at least one via hole in said ceramic sheet extending from said upper surface to said lower surface, inserting a conductive thick film paste into said via hole, laminating the ceramic sheet with paste filled via hole between an upper ceramic sheet and a lower ceramic sheet to form a laminated ceramic substrate, firing the laminated ceramic substrate to a temperature to sinter the laminated ceramic substrate and cause the paste filled via hole to form metalized via and cause the laminated ceramic substrate to form a hermetic seal around said metalized via, and removing the upper ceramic sheet and the lower ceramic sheet material from the fired laminated ceramic substrate to expose an upper and a lower surface of the metalized via.
C04B 37/00 - Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
B32B 37/14 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
A peripheral nerve stimulator configured as a flexible circuit to stimulate or block the operation of a nerve or nerve bundle, including electrode array, cable and bond pad portions connected to an electronics package. The electrode array is configured for peripheral nerve modulation and may be curved cylindrically to encompass a nerve. A cylindrical curve can be imparted through thermoforming or by applying a stretchable polymer. The stretchable polymer places the electrode array portion into a cylinder when the electrode array portion is in a relaxed position. The electronics package includes low profile, stacked thin chip electronic components that are tunable in-situ, requiring less vertical and lateral space than stacked passives. The thin chip components may be high density trench capacitors, metal-on-semiconductor capacitors positioned on an integrated circuit chip. The thin chip components may include metal-insulator-metal capacitors having a tunable capacitance value and/or may be a binary capacitor array.
The present invention is an improved system for use of eye tracking including spatial mapping percepts in a visual prosthesis by presenting an electrically induced precept through a visual prosthesis, requesting a subject look to the direction of the percept and tracking their eye movement. Eye movement is both faster and more accurate than asking a visual prosthesis user to point to the location of a percept. This method can be beneficial in a retinal prosthesis, but is particularly useful in a cortical visual prosthesis where visual cortex does not match the retinotopic map. Methods are presented for calibrating an eye tracker. Eye tracking hardware may also be used for blanking video information base on the subject's natural blink reflex.
Electrode arrays for biological implants are disclosed, particularly for stimulating a retina. The present disclosure provides array for improving apposition (reducing the space between the array and the retina. The present disclosure also provides electrode array designs that can be made approximately spherical to increase the field of view of a visual prosthesis while still maintaining good apposition.
The present invention is a system for detecting, tracking and recognizing human faces in a visual prosthesis. In a visual prosthesis, the input camera is always higher resolution than the electrode array providing percepts to the subject. It is advantageous to detect, track and recognize human faces. Then information can be provided to the subject by highlighting the face in the visual scene, providing auditor or vibratory notice that a human face is in the visual scene, looking up the face in a database to state the name of the person in the visual scene, otherwise communication id like providing a custom vibratory pattern corresponding to known individuals (like custom ring tones associated with caller ID) or automatically zooming in on a face to aid the subject in identifying the face.
The present invention is a method of processing a video image in an electronic video processor including the steps of receiving an input image having an input field of view, generating a processed image from the input image, and having an output field of view smaller than the input field of view, searching for a predetermined pattern within the input image, providing an indication when the predetermined pattern is found in the input image, and zooming the processed image to the input field of view and highlighting the predetermined pattern in the processed image in response to the indication.
The present invention is a wireless transmission system for a prosthetic apparatus including a mounting system to be worn on a body, a wound wire transmission coil mounted to the mounting system and sending a stimulation signal, an implantable receiving coil receiving the stimulation signal and connected to a hermetic electronics package, an implantable telemetry transmitting coil connected to the hermetic electronics package, and a telemetry receiving coil printed on a printed circuit board, mounted to the mounting system and receiving the telemetry signal.
The present invention consists of an implantable device with a hermetic electronics package that houses electronics. The hermetic package is attached to a flexible circuit electrode array having its electrodes arranged in a trapezoidal electrode array field that is suitable to stimulate the visual cortex. The hermetic electronics package is provided with a fixation structure that secures, protects and dissipates heat from the electronics package. The entire implantable device can be entirely implanted within the head.
The present invention is an improved visual prosthesis including a video processing unit with user controls optimized for use by blind individuals. The controls include easily identifiable shapes. The controls are programmable to provide improved usability with a simple tactile interface.
The present invention is an improved spatial fitting and training system for a visual prosthesis. The system of the present invention maps projected locations of percepts, where a person perceives a percept from a visual prosthesis to the intended location of the percepts. The projected location may vary over time. This test results can be used to correct a visual prosthesis or spatially map the visual prosthesis.
A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
A61N 1/372 - Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
G06F 19/00 - Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific applications (specially adapted for specific functions G06F 17/00;data processing systems or methods specially adapted for administrative, commercial, financial, managerial, supervisory or forecasting purposes G06Q;healthcare informatics G16H)
The present invention is an improved fitting and training system for a visual prosthesis. Fitting a visual prosthesis through automated means is challenging and fitting a visual prosthesis manually is tedious for clinician and patent, and provides great opportunity for error. A hybrid of computer controlled and manual fitting provides effective, efficient and controlled fitting process. The process includes testing a group of electrodes in random order by providing a prompt followed by stimulation and the patient responding if they saw a percept. After each set, a maximum likelihood algorithm is used to determine the next stimulation level, or if further stimulation is needed for each electrode.
Methods and devices for verifying that proper visual stimulation is applied to the visual prostheses are described. In one of the methods, a visual stimulation system implanted on a subject is simulated externally. An external testing device is also discussed.
The invention is directed to a method of bonding a hermetically sealed electronics package to an electrode or a flexible circuit and the resulting electronics package that is suitable for implantation in living tissue, for a retinal or cortical electrode array to enable restoration of sight to certain non-sighted individuals. The hermetically sealed electronics package is directly bonded to the flex circuit or electrode by electroplating a biocompatible material, such as platinum or gold, effectively forming a plated rivet-shaped connection, which bonds the flex circuit to the electronics package. The resulting electronic device is biocompatible and is suitable for long-term implantation in living tissue.
H05K 3/32 - Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
H05K 3/40 - Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
The present invention is generally directed to visual neural stimulation and more specifically to improved usability of a visual prosthesis, and a visual prosthesis structure easily adaptable to the eye or the brain. They system includes a pattern recognition component, and zoom component combined with an indication component for indicating the location of the pattern, such as a face, in a zoomed out image.
The present invention is an improved method of electrically stimulating percepts in a patient with a visual prosthesis, to induce the perception of color. In particular, the present invention is a method of inducing the perception of color by determining experimentally which patterns induce which colors, storing that information and using the stored information to induce the perception of color according to video input data and the stored color information.
A visual prosthesis configured to convert a video image to stimulation patterns for stimulating visual neural tissue including a camera configured to obtain a video image, a video processing unit configured to receive the image from the camera and create stimulation patterns based upon the image, an implantable stimulation system suitable to stimulate visual neural tissue according to the stimulation patterns, a wireless communication system configured to send a stimulation signal from the video processing unit to the implantable stimulation system, and a voltage and current monitoring circuit in the video processing unit monitoring the stimulation signal sent by the video processing unit.
Polymer materials make useful materials as electrode array bodies for neural stimulation. They are particularly useful for retinal stimulation to create artificial vision. Regardless of which polymer is used, the basic construction method is the same. A layer of polymer is laid down. A layer of metal is applied to the polymer and patterned by wet etch to create electrodes and leads for those electrodes. The base polymer layer is activated. A second layer of polymer is applied over the metal layer and patterned to leave openings for the electrodes, or openings are created later by means such as laser ablation. Hence the array and its supply cable are formed of a single body.
H05K 3/00 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
H05K 3/06 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding the conductive material being removed chemically or electrolytically, e.g. by photo-etch process
The present invention is an improved fitting and training system for a visual prosthesis. Fitting a visual prosthesis through automated means is challenging and fitting a visual prosthesis manually is tedious for clinician and patent, and provides great opportunity for error. A hybrid of computer controlled and manual fitting provides effective, efficient and controlled fitting process. The process includes testing a group of electrodes in random order by providing a prompt followed by stimulation and the patient responding if they saw a percept. After each set, a maximum likelihood algorithm is used to determine the next stimulation level, or if further stimulation is needed for each electrode.
It is critical in an inductively link medical implant, such as a visual prosthesis or other neural stimulator, to adjust the external coil to a location to maximize communication between the external coil and internal coil. Converting the signal strength between the coils to a signal easily discernible by a clinician, preferably an audible tone, facilitates the adjustment of the external coil to a preferred location.
Novel multilayer composite material vias for biological implants are disclosed. The vias comprise two metals, so that the metal more compatible with biological environments is on one end of the via, and the metal more compatible with fabrication of a hermetic package is on the other end of the via.
A61F 2/00 - Filters implantable into blood vesselsProstheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the bodyAppliances for connecting them with the bodyDevices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
Electrode arrays for biological implants are disclosed. Electrodes are arranged in such a way so that electrical traces overlap other electrical traces in a separate layer without X shaped crossing, while overlapping to a degree sufficient to prevent dielectric breakdown of the insulating, separating layer.
An implantable device, including a first electrically non-conductive substrate; a plurality of electrically conductive vias through the first electrically non-conductive substrate; a flip-chip multiplexer circuit attached to the electrically non-conductive substrate using conductive bumps and electrically connected to at least a subset of the plurality of electrically conductive vias; a flip-chip driver circuit attached to the flip-chip multiplexer circuit using conductive bumps; a second electrically non-conductive substrate attached to the flip-chip driver circuit using conductive bumps; discrete passives attached to the second electrically non-conductive substrate; and a cover bonded to the first electrically non-conductive substrate, the cover, the first electrically non-conductive substrate and the electrically conductive vias forming a hermetic package.
The present invention consists of an implantable device with at least one package that houses electronics that sends and receives data or signals, and optionally power, from an external system through at least one coil attached to at least one package and processes the data, including recordings of neural activity, and delivers electrical pulses to neural tissue through at least one array of multiple electrodes that are attached to the at least one package. The device is adapted to electrocorticographic (ECoG) and local field potential (LFP) signals. A brain stimulator, preferably a deep brain stimulator, stimulates the brain in response to neural recordings in a closed feedback loop. The device is advantageous in providing neuromodulation therapies for neurological disorders such as chronic pain, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depression, or similar disorders. The invention and components thereof are intended to be installed in the head, or on or in the cranium or on the dura, or on or in the brain.
H05K 1/18 - Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components
H01L 23/055 - ContainersSeals characterised by the shape the container being a hollow construction and having an insulating base as a mounting for the semiconductor body the leads having a passage through the base
H05K 1/09 - Use of materials for the metallic pattern
H05K 3/00 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
H05K 3/32 - Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
H05K 3/36 - Assembling printed circuits with other printed circuits
H05K 3/40 - Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
54.
Video configuration file editor for visual prosthesis fitting
A method of editing a video configuration file downloadable to or from a video processing unit of a fitting system for a visual prosthesis is shown. The visual prosthesis has a plurality of electrodes and the video configuration file defines mapping of a video signal captured from a camera of the visual prosthesis to an electrical signal for the electrodes. The editing controls a brightness map for an individual electrode or electrode groups, together with a temporal stimulation pattern to which an individual electrode or electrode groups are assigned. A related computer-operated system is also disclosed.
Electrotherapy medical devices, namely, neuro-stimulation devices for the treatment of blindness, stimulating and recording electrode implants for the treatment of blindness, visual prostheses and visual cortical implants; cortical electrodes integrally attached to implantable cortical stimulators for the treatment of blindness, and systems, namely, electrodes, stimulators, headpieces and wearable video processors, for the treatment of blindness; surgical apparatus and instruments for the treatment of blindness; medical apparatus and instruments for use in surgery for the treatment of blindness; medical devices for the treatment of blindness
56.
Method and apparatus for predicting and controlling the percepts induced by a visual prosthesis
Here we present the first model that quantitatively predicts the apparent spatial position and shape of percepts elicited by retinal electrical stimulation in humans based on the known anatomy of the retina. This model successfully predicts both the shape of percepts elicited by single electrode stimulation and the shape and relative positions of percepts elicited by multiple electrode stimulation. Model fits to behavioral data show that sensitivity to electrical stimulation is not confined to the axon initial segment, but does fall off rapidly with the distance between stimulation and the initial segment. Using the model, it is possible to compensate, preferably with a look up table, to match percepts to a desired image.
A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
A61N 1/375 - Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings
G01N 29/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic wavesVisualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
G01N 29/26 - Arrangements for orientation or scanning
57.
Visual prosthesis with an improved electrode array adapted for foveal stimulation
The present invention is an improved method of electrically stimulating percepts in a patient with a visual prosthesis, to induce a more controlled perception of light. In particular, the present invention is an improved electrode array to maximize retinal response. The array of the present invention is an array with a center section with no electrode, surrounded by a ring of small high density electrodes. Electrodes beyond to ring are gradually larger and more widely spaced.
A video processing unit configured to convert a video image to stimulation patterns for stimulating neural tissue in a subject's eye and comprising a power button, wherein the video processing unit is configured to be powered on after a first time interval upon activation of a power button, wherein the video processing unit is configured to be powered off after a second time interval upon activation of a power button.
A system and method for guiding a motor into alignment with a transmission during assembly. The system may allow the motor to be placed into engagement with a motor mount in a first position, wherein in the first position, the position of the motor is constrained by guide structures such that the gear teeth of the drive gear and the gear teeth of a driven gear are not fully intermeshed, and a rotation axis of the drive gear is not parallel to a rotation axis of the driven gear. The motor may then be manipulated in the motor mount while constrained by the guide structures along a motion path until the gear teeth of the drive gear and the gear teeth of the driven gear are more fully intermeshed, and the rotation axis of the drive gear is substantially parallel to the rotation axis of the driven gear.
B25B 27/14 - Hand tools or bench devices, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same
B25B 27/00 - Hand tools or bench devices, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
The present invention is a visual prosthesis adapted for implantation in the brain, and more particularly with an electrode array adapted for implantation in the Calcarine Sulcus of the visual cortex. The electrode array of the invention has electrodes on each side and spaced appropriately for the Calcarine Sulcus and driven by an electronic circuit within a hermetic package small enough to be implanted with a skull.
Here we present the first model that quantitatively predicts the apparent spatial position and shape of percepts elicited by retinal electrical stimulation in humans based on the known anatomy of the retina. This model successfully predicts both the shape of percepts elicited by single electrode stimulation and the shape and relative positions of percepts elicited by multiple electrode stimulation. Model fits to behavioral data show that sensitivity to electrical stimulation is not confined to the axon initial segment, but does fall off rapidly with the distance between stimulation and the initial segment. Using the model, it is possible to compensate, preferably with a look up table, to match percepts to a desired image.
A visual prosthesis must convey luminance information across a range of brightness levels to accurately represent a visual scene. Thus, the brightness of phosphenes produced by individual electrodes should scale appropriately with luminance, and the same luminance should produce equivalently bright phosphenes across the entire electrode array. Given that the function relating current to brightness varies across electrodes, it is necessary to develop a fitting procedure that will permit brightness to be equated across an entire array. A visual prosthesis that generates stimuli by performing a brightness fitting that normalizes brightness across electrodes is described.
A visual prosthesis apparatus including a video capture device for capturing a video image, a video processing unit associated with the video capture device, the video processing unit configured to convert the video image to stimulation patterns, and a stimulation system configured to stimulate subject's neural tissue based on the stimulation patterns, wherein the stimulation system provides a span of visual angle matched to the subject's neural tissue being stimulated.
The present invention is a visual prosthesis for stimulating visual neurons to create the perception of light. The visual prosthesis electrically stimulating the retina with implanted electrodes exhibits interaction between electrodes stimulated closely together in both space and time. The visual prosthesis of the present invention includes means for determining a minimum distance at which spatiotemporal interactions occur, determining a minimum time at which spatiotemporal interactions occur, and avoiding stimulation of electrodes within the minimum distance during the minimum time. The minimum are ideally established for each individual patient. Alternatively, approximate minimums have been established by the applicants at 2 mm and 1.8 milliseconds.
The present invention is a non-destructive method of inspecting a bond, particularly a braze bond, in a hermetic package. The invention involves a unique hermetic package design adapted for ultrasonic inspection and a method of inspecting the package. This package and non-destructive inspection process are particularly useful in implantable neural stimulators such as visual prostheses.
A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
A61N 1/375 - Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings
G01N 29/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic wavesVisualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
G01N 29/26 - Arrangements for orientation or scanning
The present invention is an improved method of providing flexible image possessing in a visual prosthesis by providing downloadable video filters. In a visual prosthesis, the input video image is normally higher resolution than the output stimulation of the retina, optic nerve or visual cortex. It is advantageous to apply video processing algorithms (filters) to help provide the most useful information to the lower resolution electrode array. Different filters are more effective in different environments and for different subjects. Examples of situation dependent filters include reverse image, contrast increasing, edge detection, segmentation using chromatic information and motion detection. Filters loaded in the video processing unit may be selected dynamically to suit the situation or the user's preference. It is therefore advantageous to provide flexibility in applying filters. However, it is also important to maintain the security necessary for a medical device.
Stimulation inputs are provided to a visual prosthesis implant. The images captured by a video decoder are received and digitized to provide a plurality of video frames; integrity of the video frames is checked, the checked video frames are filtered, and the filtered video frames are converted to stimulation inputs. A similar system is also disclosed.
It is critical in an inductively link medical implant, such as a visual prosthesis or other neural stimulator, to adjust the external coil to a location to maximize communication between the external coil and internal coil. Converting the signal strength between the coils to a signal easily discernible by a clinician, preferably an audible tone, facilitates the adjustment of the external coil to a preferred location.
A method for fabricating a biocompatible hermetic housing including electrical feedthroughs, the method comprises providing a ceramic sheet having an upper surface and a lower surface, forming at least one via hole in said ceramic sheet extending from said upper surface to said lower surface, inserting a conductive thick film paste into said via hole, laminating the ceramic sheet with paste filled via hole between an upper ceramic sheet and a lower ceramic sheet to form a laminated ceramic substrate, firing the laminated ceramic substrate to a temperature to sinter the laminated ceramic substrate and cause the paste filled via hole to form metalized via and cause the laminated ceramic substrate to form a hermetic seal around said metalized via, and removing the upper ceramic sheet and the lower ceramic sheet material from the fired laminated ceramic substrate to expose an upper and a lower surface of the metalized via.
C04B 35/10 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxides based on aluminium oxide
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
H05K 3/00 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
C04B 37/00 - Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
H05K 3/40 - Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
B32B 37/14 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
The present invention is a new configuration for the external portion of a visual prosthesis in the form of a visor or glasses, including a frame supported by a user's nose and ears. The video processing unit is adapted to be connected by temple portions of the visor and rest on the user's upper back behind the user's neck, or behind the user's head. Controls for the video processor are on one or both temple portions of the visor.
A visual prosthesis apparatus including a video capture device for capturing a video image, a video processing unit associated with the video capture device, the video processing unit configured to convert the video image to stimulation patterns, and a stimulation system configured to stimulate subject's neural tissue based on the stimulation patterns, wherein the stimulation system provides a span of visual angle matched to the subject's neural tissue being stimulated.
An implantable device, including a first electrically non-conductive substrate with a plurality of electrically conductive vias. The device also includes a flip-chip multiplexer circuit attached to the electrically non-conductive substrate using conductive bumps, the circuit being electrically connected to at a subset of the plurality of electrically conductive vias. Another a flip-chip driver circuit is attached to the flip-chip multiplexer circuit using conductive bumps while a second electrically non-conductive substrate attached to the flip-chip driver circuit using conductive bumps. Discrete passives are attached to the second electrically non-conductive substrate and a cover is bonded to the first electrically non-conductive substrate. The cover, the first electrically non-conductive substrate and the electrically conductive vias form a hermetic package.
The present invention is a non-destructive method of inspecting a bond, particularly a braze bond, in a hermetic package. The invention involves a unique hermetic package design adapted for ultrasonic inspection and a method of inspecting the package. This package and non-destructive inspection process are particularly useful in implantable neural stimulators such as visual prostheses.
Polymer materials make useful materials as electrode array bodies for neural stimulation. They are particularly useful for retinal stimulation to create artificial vision. Regardless of which polymer is used, the basic construction method is the same. A layer of polymer is laid down. A layer of metal is applied to the polymer and patterned to create electrodes and leads for those electrodes. A second layer of polymer is applied over the metal layer and patterned to leave openings for the electrodes, or openings are created later by means such as laser ablation. Hence the array and its supply cable are formed of a single body.
A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
H05K 1/11 - Printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
H05K 3/00 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
H05K 3/06 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding the conductive material being removed chemically or electrolytically, e.g. by photo-etch process
The present invention is an electrode array for neural stimulation. In particular it is an electrode array for use with a visual prosthesis with the electrode array suitable to be positioned on the retina. The array includes multiple attachment points to provide for even pressure across the electrode array surface. The attachment points are arranged so as to not damage retinal tissue stimulated by the electrode array.
Polymer materials are useful as electrode array bodies for neural stimulation. They are particularly useful for retinal stimulation to create artificial vision, cochlear stimulation to create artificial hearing, and cortical stimulation, and many related purposes. The pressure applied against the retina, or other neural tissue, by an electrode array is critical. Too little pressure causes increased electrical resistance, along with electric field dispersion. Too much pressure may block blood flow. Common flexible circuit fabrication techniques generally require that a flexible circuit electrode array be made flat. Since neural tissue is almost never flat, a flat array will necessarily apply uneven pressure. Further, the edges of a flexible circuit polymer array may be sharp and cut the delicate neural tissue. It is advantageous that the array edges not contact tissue.
The present invention is an improved fitting and training system for a visual prosthesis. Fitting a visual prosthesis through automated means is challenging and fitting a visual prosthesis manually is tedious for clinician and patent, and provides great opportunity for error. A hybrid of computer controlled and manual fitting provides effective, efficient and controlled fitting process. The process includes testing a group of electrodes in random order by providing a prompt followed by stimulation and the patient responding if they saw a percept. After each set, a maximum likelihood algorithm is used to determine the next stimulation level, or if further stimulation is needed for each electrode.
The present invention is a visual prosthesis including a visor with an embedded camera and an optical filter to limit light entering the lens of the camera. This invention will allow use of custom filters to limit light intensity or certain light frequencies sent to the camera of the visual prosthesis in a variety of brightness conditions which will remove glare. It will allow modification of the color of the light sent to camera of the visual prosthesis to respond to different environments.
c) activating said insulator polymer base layer and depositing a top insulator polymer layer and forming one single insulating polymer layer with said base insulator polymer layer; wherein the insulator polymer layers were treated at a temperature from 80-150° C. and then at a temperature from 230-350° C.
An implantable device including a first electrically non-conductive substrate with a plurality of electrically conductive vias. The device also includes a flip-chip multiplexer circuit attached to the first substrate using conductive bumps, the circuit being electrically connected to at least a subset of the of the electrically conductive vias. Another flip-chip driver circuit is attached to the flip-chip multiplexer circuit using conductive bumps while a second electrically non-conductive substrate is attached to the flip-chip driver circuit, also using conductive bumps. Discrete passives are attached to the second electrically non-conductive substrate and a cover is bonded to the first substrate. The cover, the first substrate, and the electrically conductive vias form a hermetic package.
The present invention is a visual prosthesis which restores partial vision to patients blinded by outer retinal degeneration. While visual prosthesis users have achieved remarkable visual improvement to the point of reading letters and short sentences, the reading process is still fairly cumbersome. In the present invention the visual prosthesis is adapted to stimulate visual braille as a sensory substitution for reading written letters and words. The visual prosthesis system, used in the present invention, includes a 10×6 electrode array implanted epiretinally, a tiny video camera mounted on a pair of glasses, and a wearable computer that processes the video and determines the stimulation current of each electrode in real time.
The present invention is a non-destructive method of inspecting a bond, particularly a braze bond, in a hermetic package. The invention involves a unique hermetic package design adapted for ultrasonic inspection and a method of inspecting the package. This package and non-destructive inspection process are particularly useful in implantable neural stimulators such as visual prostheses.
A visual prosthesis apparatus and a method for limiting power consumption in a visual prosthesis apparatus. The visual prosthesis apparatus comprises a camera for capturing a video image, a video processing unit associated with the camera, the video processing unit configured to convert the video image to stimulation patterns, and a retinal stimulation system configured to stop stimulating neural tissue in a subject's eye based on the stimulation patterns when an error is detected in a forward telemetry received from the video processing unit.
The present invention is a system for detecting, tracking and recognizing human faces in a visual prosthesis. In a visual prosthesis, the input camera is always higher resolution than the electrode array providing percepts to the subject. It is advantageous to detect, track and recognize human faces. Then information can be provided to the subject by highlighting the face in the visual scene, providing auditor or vibratory notice that a human face is in the visual scene, looking up the face in a database to state the name of the person in the visual scene, otherwise communication id like providing a custom vibratory pattern corresponding to known individuals (like custom ring tones associated with caller ID) or automatically zooming in on a face to aid the subject in identifying the face.
An electrode array attached to neural tissue, such as the retina, necessarily has graded pressure exerted on the tissue, with higher pressure near the attachment point. Greater pressure improves contact between the electrodes and neural tissue while too much pressure may damage neural tissue. Hence it is advantageous to obtain equal pressure across the array field. In the present invention a central attachment point in the electrode field applies the most even pressure. Further, multiple and selective attachment points may be additionally provided on an electrode array allowing a surgeon to select the attachment points providing the best electrode tissue contact.
The present invention is a fitting system with a graphical interface with specific interface screens for specific functions. Methods and devices for fitting a visual prosthesis are described. In one of the methods, threshold levels and maximum levels for the electrodes of the prosthesis are determined and a map of brightness to electrode stimulation levels is later formed. A fitting system for a visual prosthesis is also discussed, together with a computer-operated system having a graphical user interface showing visual prosthesis diagnostic screens and visual prosthesis configuration screens.
An implantable hermetically sealed microelectronic device and method of manufacture are disclosed. The microelectronic device of the present invention is hermetically encased in a insulator, such as alumina formed by ion bean assisted deposition (“IBAD”), with a stack of biocompatible conductive layers extending from a contact pad on the device to an aperture in the hermetic layer. In a preferred embodiment, one or more patterned titanium layers are formed over the device contact pad, and one or more platinum layers are formed over the titanium layers, such that the top surface of the upper platinum layer defines an external, biocompatible electrical contact for the device. Preferably, the bottom conductive layer is larger than the contact pad on the device, and a layer in the stack defines a shoulder.
e) filling said via with electrode material.
A layer of polymer is laid down. A layer of metal is applied to the polymer and patterned to create electrodes and leads for those electrodes. A second layer of polymer is applied over the metal layer and patterned to leave openings for the electrodes, or openings are created later by means such as laser ablation. Hence the array and its supply cable are formed of a single body. Alternatively, multiple alternating layers of metal and polymer may be applied to obtain more metal traces within a given width.
The method provides an excellent adhesion between the polymer base layer and the polymer top layer and insulation of the trace metals and electrodes.
H05K 3/00 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
H05K 3/10 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
Here we present the first model that quantitatively predicts the apparent spatial position and shape of percepts elicited by retinal electrical stimulation in humans based on the known anatomy of the retina. This model successfully predicts both the shape of percepts elicited by single electrode stimulation and the shape and relative positions of percepts elicited by multiple electrode stimulation. Model fits to behavioral data show that sensitivity to electrical stimulation is not confined to the axon initial segment, but does fall off rapidly with the distance between stimulation and the initial segment. Using the model, it is possible to compensate, preferably with a look up table, to match percepts to a desired image.
The present invention consists of an implantable device with at least one package that houses electronics that sends and receives data or signals, and optionally power, from an external system through at least one coil attached to the at least one package and processes the data, including recordings of neural activity, and delivers electrical pulses to neural tissue through at least one array of multiple electrodes that is/are attached to the at least one package. The device is adapted to electrocorticographic (ECoG) and local field potential (LFP) signals. The output signals provide control for a motor prosthesis and the inputs signals provide sensory feedback for the motor prosthesis. The invention, or components thereof, is/are intended to be installed in the head, or on or in the cranium or on the dura, or on or in the brain.
A critical element of a retinal prosthesis is the stimulating electrode array, which is placed in close proximity to the retina. It is via this interface that a retinal prosthesis electrically stimulates nerve cells to produce the perception of light. The impedance load seen by the current driver consists of the tissue resistance and the complex electrode impedance. The results show that the tissue resistance of the retina is significantly greater than that of the vitreous humor in the eye. Circuit models of the electrode-retina interface are used to parameterize the different contributors to the overall impedance.
Stimulation inputs are provided to a visual prosthesis implant. The images captured by a video decoder are received and digitized to provide a plurality of video frames; integrity of the video frames is checked, the checked video frames are filtered, and the filtered video frames are converted to stimulation inputs. A similar system is also disclosed.
A flexible circuit electrode array, which comprises: a polymer base layer; metal traces deposited on said polymer base layer, including electrodes suitable to stimulate neural tissue; a polymer top layer deposited on said polymer base layer and said metal traces; and a partial or entire coating of the base and top layer by a soft polymer.
A method of editing a video configuration file downloadable to or from a video processing unit of a fitting system for a visual prosthesis is shown. The visual prosthesis has a plurality of electrodes and the video configuration file defines mapping of a video signal captured from a camera of the visual prosthesis to an electrical signal for the electrodes. The editing controls a brightness map for an individual electrode or electrode groups, together with a temporal stimulation pattern to which an individual electrode or electrode groups are assigned. A related computer-operated system is also disclosed.
A flexible circuit electrode array with more than one layer of metal traces comprising: a polymer base layer; more than one layer of metal traces, separated by polymer layers, deposited on said polymer base layer, including electrodes suitable to stimulate neural tissue; and a polymer top layer deposited on said polymer base layer and said metal traces. Polymer materials are useful as electrode array bodies for neural stimulation. They are particularly useful for retinal stimulation to create artificial vision, cochlear stimulation to create artificial hearing, or cortical stimulation many purposes. The pressure applied against the retina, or other neural tissue, by an electrode array is critical. Too little pressure causes increased electrical resistance, along with electric field dispersion. Too much pressure may block blood flow.
H05K 3/02 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding
H05K 3/10 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
H05K 1/11 - Printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
H05K 3/00 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
H05K 3/38 - Improvement of the adhesion between the insulating substrate and the metal
The present invention is an electrode array for neural stimulation. In particular it is an electrode array for use with a visual prosthesis with the electrode array suitable to be positioned on the retina. The array includes multiple attachment points to provide for even pressure across the electrode array surface. The attachment points are arranged so as to not damage retinal tissue stimulated by the electrode array.
The invention involves a flexible circuit electrode array device comprising: a polymer layer; wherein the polymer layer includes one or more metal traces, an electrode array; one or more bond pads; and the electrode array is located on the opposite side of the polymer layer.
The invention further involves a method for backside processing of a flexible circuit electrode device, comprising: applying polymer film on a substrate; processing the front side; releasing the polymer film from substrate; flipping over the polymer film and fixing it onto the substrate; processing the backside; and final releasing of the polymer film from the substrate.
The invention further involves a method for backside processing of a flexible circuit electrode device, comprising: processing the front side without releasing the polymer; processing the backside by sacrificial substrate method, or by laser drilling method; and releasing the polymer film from the substrate.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
16 - Paper, cardboard and goods made from these materials
41 - Education, entertainment, sporting and cultural services
44 - Medical, veterinary, hygienic and cosmetic services; agriculture, horticulture and forestry services
Goods & Services
Assessment forms and/or questionnaires in downloadable electronic form for evaluating the functional vision and well being for vision impaired people; downloadable electronic publications namely assessment forms and/or questionnaires for evaluating the functional vision and well being for vision impaired people; electronic publications recorded on computer media namely assessment forms and/or questionnaires for evaluating the functional vision and well being for vision impaired people; assessment forms and/or questionnaires in electronic format for evaluating the functional vision and well being for vision impaired people; electronic publications in the nature of tests and supporting materials for the assessment of function and well being in low vision patients. Assessment forms and/or questionnaires for evaluating the functional vision and well being for vision impaired people; printed publications in the nature of tests and supporting materials for the assessment of function and well being in low vision patients. Training in administration of tests for the assessment of function and well being in low vision patients. Conducting tests for the assessment of function and well being in low vision patients.
100.
Method and apparatus for fitting a visual prosthesis using electrically evoked electroretinograms
The invention is a method of automatically adjusting a retinal electrode array to the neural characteristics of an individual patient. By recording electrically evoked electroretinograms (eERG) to a predetermined input stimulus, one can alter that input stimulus to the needs of an individual patient. A minimum input stimulus is applied to a patient, followed by recording the eERG response to the input stimulus. By gradually increasing stimulus levels, one can determine the minimum input that creates a neural response, thereby identifying the threshold stimulation level. One can further determine a maximum level by increasing stimulus until a predetermined maximum neural response is obtained. However, eERG signals include a significant amount of noise. Applicants have developed novel techniques for artifact reduction and noise filtering to provide an accurate measure of neural activity.
