Abstract

A cryogenic fuel tank system includes a fuel tank configured to contain a cryogenic liquid with a headspace above the cryogenic liquid configured to contain cryogenic vapor. A fuel cell converts cryogenic vapor from the headspace to electricity and water vapor. A vent valve directs excess cryogenic vapor from the headspace to the fuel cell when a pressure in the fuel tank exceeds a predetermined pressure level.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60K 15/035 - Fuel tanks characterised by venting means
• B60K 15/03 - Fuel tanks
• B60L 50/75 - Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using propulsion power supplied by both fuel cells and batteries

Abstract

A system and method for liquefying a hydrogen gas feed stream uses a high-pressure hydrogen stream from a storage source to provide refrigeration to the system. After providing refrigeration to the system, the hydrogen from the high-pressure storage source is at a pressure not lower than the pressure of a cold box feed stream of the system, where the cold box feed stream includes the hydrogen gas feed stream and at least one recycle stream, and is not recycled back through the system but instead exits the system.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

A cryogenic carbon capture system includes a flue gas cooling device in fluid communication with a heat engine. The flue gas cooling device receives a fluid stream that is downstream from the heat engine and a cooled liquid coolant stream so that the fluid stream is cooled by the cooled liquid coolant stream and a cooled flue gas stream is formed. A cryogenic carbon capture unit receives at least a portion of the cooled flue gas stream and separates carbon dioxide from the first portion of the cooled flue gas stream so that a clean flue gas stream and a carbon dioxide stream are formed. A liquid coolant cooling device receives the clean flue gas stream and a liquid coolant stream and cools the liquid coolant stream using the clean flue gas stream so that the cooled liquid coolant stream is formed and provided to the flue gas cooling device. The heat engine is in fluid communication with the cryogenic carbon capture system and receives a portion of a split stream that is downstream from the flue gas cooling device as an exhaust gas recirculation stream and an air stream.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
• F25J 3/06 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
• B01D 53/26 - Drying gases or vapours

Abstract

A system and method for cooling, purifying and liquifying a feed gas stream uses liquid nitrogen for cooling the system. After cooling the system, the warmed nitrogen is vented as a vapor. The system and method include a water condenser, a first and second cooler and a liquifier and production of at least first and second contaminant streams. Optionally, the system includes a compressor or blower and/or a separator.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 5/00 - Arrangements of cold-exchangers or cold-accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants

Abstract

A system for separating olefinic hydrocarbon and hydrogen in an effluent fluid stream from a dehydrogenation reactor includes a heat exchanger that receives and partially condenses the effluent fluid stream so that a mixed phase effluent stream is formed. A primary separation device receives and separates the mixed phase effluent stream into a primary vapor stream and a primary liquid product stream. A heat exchanger receives and partially condenses the primary vapor stream so that a mixed phase primary stream is formed. A secondary separation device receives and separates the mixed phase primary stream into a secondary vapor stream and a secondary liquid product stream. A heat exchanger receives and warms the secondary vapor stream to provide refrigeration for partially condensing the effluent fluid stream and a heat exchanger receives and warms the secondary vapor stream to provide refrigeration for partially condensing the primary vapor stream. A mixed refrigerant compression system provides refrigerant to a heat exchanger to provide refrigeration

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/06 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
• C07C 7/09 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by fractional condensation
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

A pump for pumping a cryogenic liquid includes a pump housing having a cylinder with a piston slidably positioned therein. An intermediate fluid chamber that receives an intermediate fluid is defined within the cylinder adjacent to a first end of the piston and a fluid pumping chamber is defined within the cylinder adjacent to a second end of the piston. An intermediate fluid seal is attached to the piston and engages the cylinder. A pumped fluid seal attached to the piston and configured to engage the cylinder, said pumped fluid seal spaced from the intermediate fluid seal so that a differential pressure space is defined within the cylinder between the intermediate fluid and pumped fluid seals. A differential pressure vent valve is in fluid communication with the differential pressure space. A differential pressure switch senses a pressure within the differential pressure space and opens the differential pressure vent valve when the pressure within the differential pressure space reaches a predetermined pressure level.

IPC Classes  ?

• F04B 15/08 - Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure the liquids having low boiling points
• F04B 53/14 - Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections

Abstract

2 polishing subsystem wherein a stream further enriched in carbon dioxide is produced.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
• B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography

Abstract

Provided are mixed refrigerant systems and methods and, more particularly, to a mixed refrigerant system and methods that provides greater efficiency and reduced power consumption via control of a liquid level in a cold vapor separator device.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

A system and method for cooling a gas using a mixed refrigerant includes a compressor system and a heat exchange system, where the compressor system may include an interstage separation device or drum with no liquid outlet, a liquid outlet in fluid communication with a pump that pumps liquid forward to a high pressure separation device or a liquid outlet through which liquid flows to the heat exchanger to be subcooled. In the last situation, the subcooled liquid is expanded and combined with an expanded cold temperature stream, which is a cooled and expanded stream from the vapor side of a cold vapor separation device, and subcooled and expanded streams from liquid sides of the high pressure separation device and the cold vapor separation device, or combined with a stream formed from the subcooled streams from the liquid sides of the high pressure separation device and the cold vapor separation device after mixing and expansion, to form a primary refrigeration stream.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
• F25B 9/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25B 1/10 - Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression

Abstract

A cryogenic fluid fueling system includes a first container configured to contain a first cryogenic liquid with a first headspace being positioned above the first cryogenic liquid. A heat exchanger vaporizes a portion of the first cryogenic liquid such that pressure within the first container is raised as vaporized cryogen moves into the first headspace. A second container is configured to contain a second cryogenic liquid with a second headspace being positioned above the second cryogenic liquid. A condensing coil is positioned within the second headspace of the second container and fluidically connected to the first interior of the first container such that a portion of the first cryogenic liquid is propelled into the condensing coil and is warmed to provide a first cryogenic vapor.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 9/02 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation

Abstract

Gas pressure actuated fill termination valves for cryogenic liquid storage tanks and storage tanks containing the same.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 6/00 - Methods or apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
• F17C 13/02 - Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
• F17C 13/04 - Arrangement or mounting of valves

Abstract

A storage tank system features a tank made of rigid material and an insulation assembly. The insulation assembly includes an inner membrane and an outer membrane wherein the inner membrane is located within the outer membrane and at least one of the inner membrane and outer membrane is made of a flexible material. An insulation medium is located in a space between the inner membrane and the outer membrane and a vacuum is applied to the space.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 13/00 - Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
• F17C 1/12 - Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge with provision for thermal insulation
• F17C 3/08 - Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
• F17C 3/06 - Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers on the inner surface, i.e. in contact with the stored fluid

Abstract

A main heat exchanger receives and partially condenses an effluent fluid stream so that a mixed phase effluent stream is formed. A primary separation device receives and separates the mixed phase effluent stream into a primary vapor stream including hydrogen and a primary liquid stream including an olefinic hydrocarbon. The main heat exchanger receives and warms at least a portion of the primary vapor stream to provide refrigeration for partially condensing the effluent fluid stream. The main heat exchanger also receives, warms and partially vaporizes the primary liquid stream. A mixed refrigerant compression system also provides refrigeration in the main heat exchanger.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen

Abstract

A low-cost getter material comprising palladium and manganese oxide and methods of making the same. A tank including said getter material, and a method of removing hydrogen gas.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 3/08 - Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask

Abstract

A body structure has an inlet port that receives fluid, a first outlet port that connects to a top-fill line of a cryogenic tank, a second outlet port that connects to a bottom-fill line of a cryogenic tank and a slider tube cylinder. A cylinder housing connects to the body structure and has a pressure comparison cylinder with upper and lower volumes, with the latter in fluid communication with a cryogenic tank. A piston having a piston shaft slides within the pressure comparison cylinder. A pressure regulator is in fluid communication with the upper volume and the slider tube cylinder. A slider tube is connected to the piston shaft and slides within the slider tube cylinder. The slider tube cylinder selectively directs fluid to a top-fill line through the first outlet port or to a bottom-fill line through the second outlet port.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 5/02 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with liquefied gases
• G05D 16/00 - Control of fluid pressure

Abstract

A system for cryogenic gas delivery includes a cryogenic tank configured to contain a cryogenic liquid and a gas within a headspace above the cryogenic liquid. The system also includes first and second vaporizers and a use outlet. A first pipe is configured to transfer gas from the headspace through the first vaporizer to the use outlet. A second pipe is configured to transfer liquid from the tank through the first vaporizer so that a first vapor stream is directed to the use outlet. A third pipe is configured to build pressure within the tank by transferring liquid from the tank through the second vaporizer so that a second vapor stream is directed back to the headspace of the tank. A first regulator valve is in fluid communication with the second pipe and opens when a pressure on an outlet side of the first regulator drops below a first predetermined pressure level. A second regulator valve is in fluid communication with the third pipe and opens when a pressure inside the tank drops below a second predetermined pressure level. The first predetermined pressure level is higher than the second predetermined pressure level.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 7/04 - Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
• F17C 13/04 - Arrangement or mounting of valves

Abstract

A system for cooling a gas with a mixed refrigerant includes a heat exchanger that receives and cools a feed of the gas so that a product is produced. The system includes a mixed refrigerant processing system having compression devices and aftercoolers as well as a low pressure accumulator and a high pressure accumulator. A cold vapor separator receives vapor from the high pressure accumulator and features a vapor outlet and a liquid outlet. Vapor from the cold vapor separator vapor outlet is cooled, expanded and directed to a primary refrigeration passage of the heat exchanger. Liquid from the liquid outlet of the cold vapor separator is subcooled, expanded and directed to the primary refrigeration passage. Liquid from the low pressure accumulator is subcooled, expanded and directed to the primary refrigeration passage. Liquid from the high pressure accumulator is subcooled, expanded and directed to the primary refrigeration passage.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen

Abstract

A cryogenic delivery tank includes a vessel having inner and outer shells and an interior that may contain a cryogenic liquid with a headspace above. A transfer pipe passes through the interior of the vessel and includes a head space coil positioned within an upper portion of the interior and a liquid side coil positioned in the lower portion of the interior. The transfer pipe has a first port adjacent to the head space coil and a second port adjacent to the liquid side coil. The first and second ports of the transfer pipe are configured to be removably attached to a second tank.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 7/02 - Discharging liquefied gases
• F17C 1/12 - Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge with provision for thermal insulation

Abstract

A main heat exchanger receives and partially condenses an effluent fluid stream so that a mixed phase effluent stream is formed. A primary separation device receives and separates the mixed phase effluent stream into a primary vapor stream including hydrogen and a primary liquid stream including an olefinic hydrocarbon. The main heat exchanger receives and warms at least a portion of the primary vapor stream to provide refrigeration for partially condensing the effluent fluid stream. The main heat exchanger also receives, warms and partially vaporizes the primary liquid stream. A mixed refrigerant compression system also provides refrigeration in the main heat exchanger.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

A system for removing nitrogen from a natural gas fluid feed stream includes a main heat exchanger that receives the natural gas fluid feed stream. A distillation column receives a cooled fluid stream from the main heat exchanger and features a return vapor outlet and a side vapor outlet port. The return vapor outlet provides nitrogen vapor to the main heat exchanger which is warmed therein. The side vapor outlet port provides vapor to the main heat exchanger and a reflux compressor receives and compresses the resulting fluid from the main heat exchanger. A reflux aftercooler receives and cools fluid from the reflux compressor, directs cooled fluid to the main heat exchanger and the resulting fluid is directed to a reflux separation device. The reflux separation device has a vapor outlet and a liquid outlet. The vapor outlet of the reflux separation device directs fluid to the main heat exchanger so that fluid is directed to the first reflux inlet port of the distillation column. The liquid outlet of the reflux separation device directs fluid to a second reflux inlet port of the distillation column.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream

Abstract

Provided are mixed refrigerant systems and methods and, more particularly, to a mixed refrigerant system and methods that provides greater efficiency and reduced power consumption.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 3/06 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen

Abstract

A split bay forced draft air-cooled heat exchanger includes first and second bay sub-assemblies. Each sub-assembly includes a tube bundle, a plenum half positioned under the tube bundle and base beams supporting the tube bundle and the plenum half. Also included is a fan assembly having a fan, a fan motor and a drive assembly and a machinery mount upon which the fan assembly is mounted. The machinery mount is attached to base beams of the first bay sub-assembly and is configured to removably attach to base beams of the second sub-assembly with the fan configured to force air into a plenum made up of the plenum halves and across the tube bundles.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24H 3/02 - Air heaters with forced circulation
• F28D 1/04 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
• F28D 1/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid

Abstract

A system and method for cooling a gas using a mixed refrigerant includes a compressor system and a heat exchange system, where the compressor system may include an interstage separation device or drum with no liquid outlet, a liquid outlet in fluid communication with a pump that pumps liquid forward to a high pressure separation device or a liquid outlet through which liquid flows to the heat exchanger to be subcooled. In the last situation, the subcooled liquid is expanded and combined with an expanded cold temperature stream, which is a cooled and expanded stream from the vapor side of a cold vapor separation device, and subcooled and expanded streams from liquid sides of the high pressure separation device and the cold vapor separation device, or combined with a stream formed from the subcooled streams from the liquid sides of the high pressure separation device and the cold vapor separation device after mixing and expansion, to form a primary refrigeration stream.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25B 9/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
• F25B 1/10 - Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression

Abstract

A system for removing freezing components from a feed gas includes a heat exchanger, a scrub column and a return vapor expansion device. The heat exchanger includes a reflux cooling passage and a return vapor passage. Vapor from the scrub column is directed through the return vapor expansion device, where the temperature and pressure are lowered. The resulting cooled fluid then travels to the return vapor passage of the heat exchanger and is used to cool a vapor stream in the reflux cooling passage to create a reflux fluid stream that is directed to the scrub column.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream

Abstract

Gas pressure actuated fill termination valves for cryogenic liquid storage tanks and storage tanks containing the same.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 7/04 - Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation

Abstract

Gas pressure actuated fill termination valves for cryogenic liquid storage tanks and storage tanks containing the same.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 6/00 - Methods or apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
• F17C 13/02 - Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
• F17C 13/04 - Arrangement or mounting of valves

Abstract

A cryogenic liquid dispensing system having a tank that holds cryogenic liquid and a basin configured to hold cryogenic liquid at a height above a bottom portion of the tank. The system is configured to pump cryogenic liquid for dispensing from the bottom portion of the tank when the cryogenic liquid in the tank is of a sufficient level to provide an adequate liquid head to permit pump operation, and is configured to pump cryogenic liquid for dispensing from the basin when the liquid in the tank is of an insufficient level to provide an adequate liquid head to permit pump operation to dispense cryogenic liquid.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 9/00 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure

Abstract

A system for separating olefinic hydrocarbon and hydrogen in an effluent fluid stream from a dehydrogenation reactor includes a heat exchanger that receives and partially condenses the effluent fluid stream so that a mixed phase effluent stream is formed. A primary separation device receives and separates the mixed phase effluent stream into a primary vapor stream and a primary liquid product stream. A heat exchanger receives and partially condenses the primary vapor stream so that a mixed phase primary stream is formed. A secondary separation device receives and separates the mixed phase primary stream into a secondary vapor stream and a secondary liquid product stream. A heat exchanger receives and warms the secondary vapor stream to provide refrigeration for partially condensing the effluent fluid stream and a heat exchanger receives and warms the secondary vapor stream to provide refrigeration for partially condensing the primary vapor stream. A mixed refrigerant compression system provides refrigerant to a heat exchanger to provide refrigeration.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/00 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
• C07C 7/09 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by fractional condensation
• F25J 3/06 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

Provided are mixed refrigerant systems and methods and, more particularly, to a mixed refrigerant system and methods that provides greater efficiency and reduced power consumption via control of a liquid level in a cold vapor separator device.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

A doser for dispensing a cryogenic fluid includes a doser body configured to receive the cryogenic fluid. A dosing arm has a proximal end and a distal end, with a central passage extending between the proximal and distal ends and configured to receive cryogenic fluid from the doser body. Multiple dosing heads are mounted to the distal end of the dosing arm with each of the dosing heads including a dosing valve. The dosing heads are configured to receive cryogenic fluid from the central passage of the dosing arm and to dispense the cryogenic fluid when the dosing valve is opened.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 9/00 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
• F17C 13/04 - Arrangement or mounting of valves

Abstract

A system for dispensing a cryogenic fluid includes a bulk storage tank configured to contain a supply of the cryogenic fluid. A heat exchanger coil is positioned in the headspace of at least one intermediate fluid tank, which contains an intermediate fluid, and is configured to receive and warm a cryogenic fluid from the bulk storage tank via heat exchange with intermediate fluid vapor in the headspace. A buffer tank receives fluid from the heat exchanger coil. A chiller coil is positioned within the intermediate fluid tank and is submerged within intermediate fluid liquid contained within the at least one intermediate fluid tank. The chiller coil receives fluid from the buffer tank and cools it via heat exchange with intermediate fluid liquid within which the chiller coil is submerged for dispensing.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 5/02 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with liquefied gases
• F17C 6/00 - Methods or apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases

Abstract

A system for cooling a gas includes a pre-cool heat exchanger and a liquefaction heat exchanger. The pre-cool heat exchanger uses a pre-cool refrigerant to pre-cool a feed gas stream prior to the stream being directed to a liquefaction heat exchanger. The liquefaction heat exchanger uses a mixed refrigerant to further cool the pre-cooled gas. The pre-cool heat exchanger also pre-cools the liquefaction mixed refrigerant used by the liquefaction heat exchanger.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream

Abstract

A system for transferring cryogenic fluid from a dispensing tank to a receiving tank is disclosed. The dispensing tank stores a supply of cryogenic liquid with a dispensing tank headspace above the liquid. A compressor has an inlet connected to the headspace of a receiving tank and an outlet connected to the headspace of the dispensing tank. A liquid transfer line is in fluid communication with the liquid side of the dispensing tank and the receiving tank. Cryogenic liquid is transferred from the dispensing tank to the receiving tank when the compressor is activated so as to transfer vapor from the headspace of the receiving tank to the headspace of the dispensing tank to create a pressure differential between the dispensing and receiving tanks.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 7/02 - Discharging liquefied gases
• F17C 5/02 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with liquefied gases
• F17C 5/00 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases
• F17C 7/00 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass

Abstract

A system for removing freezing components from a feed gas includes a heavy hydrocarbon removal heat exchanger and a scrub device. The scrub device includes a scrub column that receives a cooled feed gas stream from the heat exchanger and a reflux separation device. Vapor from the scrub column is directed to the heat exchanger and cooled to create a reflux stream that includes a liquid component. This reflux stream is directed to the reflux separation device and a resulting liquid component stream is used to reflux the column. Vapor from the reflux separation device is expanded and directed to the heat exchanger, where it provides refrigeration, and a processed feed gas line.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 3/00 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream

Abstract

A device for distributing a fluid to a processing component includes a vessel having an inlet port for receiving a stream of fluid. A vapor outlet line is in fluid communication with the fluid processing component and has a vapor outlet line inlet in fluid communication with the headspace of the vessel. A liquid outlet line has a liquid outlet line inlet in fluid communication with a liquid side of the vessel and the fluid processing component. A bypass line has a bypass line inlet in fluid communication with the liquid side of the vessel and a bypass line outlet in fluid communication with the vapor outlet line and is configured so that liquid travels through the bypass line and into the vapor outlet line when a liquid level within the vessel reaches a predetermined level so that a headspace is maintained above the liquid level as liquid enters the vessel through the inlet port, and liquid does not travel from the bypass line into the vapor outlet line when a liquid level within the vessel is below the predetermined level.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/06 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
• F25J 5/00 - Arrangements of cold-exchangers or cold-accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants

Abstract

A plate fin fluid processing device includes active layers, where each active layer includes a fin plate sandwiched between parting sheets so that an active fluid space is defined between the parting sheets. The active layers include an outermost active layer having an inlet and an outlet. A contingent layer body is positioned adjacent to the outermost active layer and includes a fin plate positioned between a parting sheet and a cap sheet. The contingent layer body has a fluid space that is sealed with respect to the atmosphere. A pressure monitoring system is in communication with the fluid space of the contingent layer body. An emergency pressure relief device is configured to release a pressure within the fluid space if a preset pressure is exceeded.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01M 3/26 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
• G01M 3/32 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators
• F28D 9/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
• F28F 3/00 - Plate-like or laminated elementsAssemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
• F28F 27/00 - Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus

Abstract

A system for condensing and phase separating a refrigerant fluid includes a condenser inlet header configured to receive a stream of refrigerant vapor. A condenser is in fluid communication with the condenser header and is configured to receive vapor and produce a mixed phase fluid stream. An elongated manifold separator including multiple mixed phase inlets is configured to separate mixed phase fluid received from the condenser. Resulting vapor and liquid streams exit vapor and liquid outlets of the manifold separator.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 43/00 - Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquidsArrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
• F25B 9/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
• F25B 39/04 - Condensers
• F25B 41/00 - Fluid-circulation arrangements
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen

Abstract

A tank is configured to store a supply of cryogenic liquid and a heat exchanger has a main line and a reheat line. A liquid pickup line directs cryogenic liquid from the tank to the main line of the heat exchanger. A trim heater exit tee receives fluid from the main line of the heat exchanger. Fluid exits the trim heater exit tee through an engine outlet and a trim heater outlet. Fluid exiting through the engine outlet flows through a flow restriction device and to a primary inlet of a trim heater return tee. A trim heater line receives fluid from the trim heater outlet of the trim heater exit tee and directs it to the reheat line of the heat exchanger after the fluid passes through a portion of the trim heater line positioned within the tank. Warmed fluid leaving the reheat line of the heat exchanger travels to a trim heater inlet of the trim heater return tee.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 7/04 - Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
• F17C 9/02 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation

Abstract

An integrated cryogenic fluid delivery system includes a tank adapted to hold a supply of cryogenic liquid and having an end wall. A shroud is positioned on the end wall and contains a shell and tube heat exchanger. The heat exchanger includes a shell defining a warming fluid chamber and having a shell inlet and a shell outlet in fluid communication with the warming fluid chamber. A number of cryogenic fluid coils are positioned within the warming fluid chamber and are in fluid communication with a cryogenic fluid inlet port and a cryogenic fluid outlet port. A fuel shutoff valve has an inlet in fluid communication with a liquid side of the tank and an outlet in fluid communication with the cryogenic fluid inlet port of the heat exchanger. A manual vent valve has an inlet in fluid communication with a headspace of the tank and an outlet. The fuel shutoff valve and the manual vent valve each have a control knob that is accessible from the first or second side of the shroud.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 13/04 - Arrangement or mounting of valves
• F28D 7/16 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
• F02M 21/06 - Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
• F02M 21/02 - Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
• F28D 21/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups

Abstract

A system for dispensing cryogenic liquid includes a container defining an interior with a partition dividing the interior into primary and reserve chambers. Cryogenic liquid within the primary chamber is separated from cryogenic liquid in the reserve chamber. The partition provides a headspace cornrnurrrcation passage. A primary pressure building circuit has an inlet selectively in liquid communication with the primary chamber and an outlet in fluid communication with the headspaces of the primary and reserve chambers. A reserve pressure building circuit has an inlet selectively in liquid communication with the reserve chamber and an outlet in fluid communication with the headspaces of the primary and reserve chambers. An equalizing circuit is selectively in liquid communication with the primary and reserve chambers. A dispensing line is selectively in liquid communication with the primary chamber.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 13/04 - Arrangement or mounting of valves
• F17C 9/00 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
• F17C 7/02 - Discharging liquefied gases

Abstract

A dewar for storing a cryogenic fluid features an inner vessel configured to store the cryogenic fluid and an outer vessel having an outer upper head and an outer lower head. The outer upper and lower heads are joined so as to define an interior chamber of the dewar. The inner vessel is positioned within the interior chamber of the outer vessel so that an insulation space, which is evacuated of air, is defined between the inner and outer vessels. A neck extends between the inner vessel and a central region of the outer upper head. The outer upper head and neck are configured so that the central region permanently deforms without breaking the neck when excessive shock loads are applied to the dewar.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25D 29/00 - Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
• F17C 13/00 - Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
• F17C 3/08 - Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
• F25D 3/10 - Devices using other cold materialsDevices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air

Abstract

A doser for dispensing a cryogenic fluid includes a doser body configured to receive the cryogenic fluid. The dosing arm has a proximal end and a distal end and a central passage extending between the proximal and distal ends. Furthermore, the dosing arm is configured to receive cryogenic fluid from the doser body. A bayonet connection removably connects the proximal end of the dosing arm to the doser body. A dosing head is mounted to the distal end of the dosing arm and is configured to receive cryogenic fluid from the central passage of the dosing arm and to dispense the cryogenic fluid.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 9/02 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
• F17C 3/08 - Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
• F17C 13/04 - Arrangement or mounting of valves
• F17C 7/02 - Discharging liquefied gases

Abstract

A dosing vessel includes a reservoir having an inlet and an outlet and is configured to contain a supply of a cryogenic liquid with a headspace above. The outlet is configured to be connected to a dosing arm having a dosing head. A low pressure sensor is configured to detect a vapor pressure in the headspace. A high pressure sensor is configured to detect a pressure in a bottom portion of the reservoir. An inlet valve is in fluid communication with the inlet of the reservoir and is placed in communication with a source of cryogenic liquid. A controller is in communication with the high and low pressure sensors and the inlet valve and is configured to store a preset liquid level or a preset differential pressure corresponding to the preset liquid level, to determine a measured differential pressure based on data from the high and low pressure sensors and to control the inlet valve based on the measured differential pressure and the preset liquid level or the preset differential pressure so that a liquid level of a cryogenic liquid stored in the reservoir is generally maintained at the preset liquid level.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 7/02 - Discharging liquefied gases
• F17C 5/04 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with liquefied gases requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. filling with helium or hydrogen
• G01F 23/18 - Indicating, recording, or alarm devices actuated electrically
• G01F 13/00 - Apparatus for measuring by volume and delivering fluids or fluent solid materials, not provided for in the preceding groups
• F17C 13/02 - Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
• F17C 13/04 - Arrangement or mounting of valves

Abstract

A system for liquefying a gas includes a liquefaction heat exchanger having a feed gas inlet adapted to receive a feed gas and a liquefied gas outlet through which the liquefied gas exits after the gas is liquefied in the liquefying passage of the heat exchanger by heat exchange with a primary refrigeration passage. A mixed refrigerant compressor system is configured to provide refrigerant to the primary refrigeration passage. An expander separator is in communication with the liquefied gas outlet of the liquefaction heat exchanger, and a cold gas line is in fluid communication with the expander separator. A cold recovery heat exchanger receives cold vapor from the cold gas line and liquid refrigerant from the mixed refrigerant compressor system so that the refrigerant is cooled using the cold vapor.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 3/00 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen

Abstract

A cryogenic fluid delivery system includes a main tank system with a main tank adapted to contain a first supply of cryogenic liquid, and reserve tank system with reserve tank adapted to contain a second supply of cryogenic liquid. A pressure building circuit is adapted to delivery vapor to the head space of the main tank to build pressure in the main tank and a fuel delivery line supplies cryogenic fuel from either the main tank or the reserve tank to a use device. The reserve tank stores saturated cryogenic fuel that is delivered to the use device via the fuel delivery line while the cryogenic liquid in the main tank is being saturated. The fluid delivery system automatically switches to delivering cryogenic fuel from the main tank to the use device via the fuel delivery line upon saturation of the cryogenic liquid in the main tank.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 7/04 - Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
• F17C 3/00 - Vessels not under pressure

Abstract

A system and method for cooling and liquefying a gas in a heat exchanger that includes compressing and cooling a mixed refrigerant using first and last compression and cooling cycles so that high pressure liquid and vapor streams are formed. The high pressure liquid and vapor streams are cooled in the heat exchanger and then expanded so that a primary refrigeration stream is provided in the heat exchanger. The mixed refrigerant is cooled and equilibrated between the first and last compression and cooling cycles so that a pre-cool liquid stream is formed and subcooled in the heat exchanger. The stream is then expanded and passed through the heat exchanger as a pre-cool refrigeration stream. A stream of gas is passed through the heat exchanger in countercurrent heat exchange with the primary refrigeration stream and the pre-cool refrigeration stream so that the gas is cooled. A resulting vapor stream from the primary refrigeration stream passage and a two-phase stream from the pre-cool refrigeration stream passage exit the warm end of the exchanger and are combined and undergo a simultaneous heat and mass transfer operation prior to the first compression and cooling cycle so that a reduced temperature vapor stream is provided to the first stage compressor so as to lower power consumption by the system. Additionally, the warm end of the cooling curve is nearly closed further reducing power consumption. Heavy components of the refrigerant are also kept out of the cold end of the process, reducing the possibility of refrigerant freezing, as well as facilitating a refrigerant management scheme.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

A system and method for cooling a gas using a mixed refrigerant includes a compressor system and a heat exchange system, where the compressor system may include an interstage separation device or drum with no liquid outlet, a liquid outlet in fluid communication with a pump that pumps liquid forward to a high pressure separation device or a liquid outlet through which liquid flows to the heat exchanger to be subcooled. In the last situation, the subcooled liquid is expanded and combined with an expanded cold temperature stream, which is a cooled and expanded stream from the vapor side of a cold vapor separation device, and subcooled and expanded streams from liquid sides of the high pressure separation device and the cold vapor separation device, or combined with a stream formed from the subcooled streams from the liquid sides of the high pressure separation device and the cold vapor separation device after mixing and expansion, to form a primary refrigeration stream.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25B 9/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
• F25B 1/10 - Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression

Abstract

A system and method for cooling and liquefying a gas in a heat exchanger that includes compressing and cooling a mixed refrigerant using first and last compression and cooling cycles so that high pressure liquid and vapor streams are formed. The high pressure liquid and vapor streams are cooled in the heat exchanger and then expanded so that a primary refrigeration stream is provided in the heat exchanger. The mixed refrigerant is cooled and equilibrated between the first and last compression and cooling cycles so that a pre-cool liquid stream is formed and subcooled in the heat exchanger. The stream is then expanded and passed through the heat exchanger as a pre-cool refrigeration stream. A stream of gas is passed through the heat exchanger in countercurrent heat exchange with the primary refrigeration stream and the pre-cool refrigeration stream so that the gas is cooled. A resulting vapor stream from the primary refrigeration stream passage and a two-phase stream from the pre-cool refrigeration stream passage exit the warm end of the exchanger and are combined and undergo a simultaneous heat and mass transfer operation prior to the first compression and cooling cycle so that a reduced temperature vapor stream is provided to the first stage compressor so as to lower power consumption by the system. Additionally, the warm end of the cooling curve is nearly closed further reducing power consumption. Heavy components of the refrigerant are also kept out of the cold end of the process, reducing the possibility of refrigerant freezing, as well as facilitating a refrigerant management scheme.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen

Abstract

A system for liquefying a gas includes a liquefaction heat exchanger having a feed gas inlet adapted to receive a feed gas and a liquefied gas outlet through which the liquefied gas exits after the gas is liquefied in the liquefying passage of the heat exchanger by heat exchange with a primary refrigeration passage. A mixed refrigerant compressor system is configured to provide refrigerant to the primary refrigeration passage. An expander separator is in communication with the liquefied gas outlet of the liquefaction heat exchanger, and a cold gas line is in fluid communication with the expander separator. A cold recovery heat exchanger receives cold vapor from the cold gas line and liquid refrigerant from the mixed refrigerant compressor system so that the refrigerant is cooled using the cold vapor.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen

Abstract

In accordance with at least one aspect of this disclosure, a system for dissolving gases into a liquid without side-stream pumping includes a pressure vessel defining a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, a gas inlet device disposed within an internal chamber of the pressure vessel, a gas source in selective fluid communication with the gas inlet device and the internal chamber of the pressure vessel through a gas control valve and configured to provide a gas pressure, a liquid inlet pipe in selective fluid communication with the liquid inlet of the pressure vessel through a liquid inlet valve, and an outlet pipe in selective fluid communication with the liquid outlet through a liquid outlet valve for discharging the liquid from the internal chamber of the pressure vessel. The gas pressure both facilitates the dissolving of the gas in the liquid and forces the liquid out of the pressure vessel when the liquid is exposed to the gas pressure.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01F 1/00 - Dissolving
• B01F 3/04 - Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed gases or vapours with liquids
• B01F 15/00 - Accessories for mixers
• B01F 15/02 - Feed or discharge mechanisms
• B01F 13/06 - Mixers adapted for working at sub- or super-atmospheric pressure

Abstract

A frangible closure coupling is used with or on pipe of a tank that contains a potentially dangerous fluid, such as liquid natural gas. The closure coupling mitigates the uncontrolled release of fluid from the tank in the event of a rupture of a pipe attached to the tank.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16K 17/14 - Safety valvesEqualising valves opening on surplus pressure on one sideSafety valvesEqualising valves closing on insufficient pressure on one side with fracturing member
• F04B 15/08 - Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure the liquids having low boiling points
• F17C 7/02 - Discharging liquefied gases
• F17C 13/04 - Arrangement or mounting of valves
• B61C 17/02 - BunkersTanksTendersWater or fuel pick-up or scoop apparatusWater or fuel supply fittings
• F16L 55/10 - Means for stopping flow in pipes or hoses
• F17C 13/06 - Closures, e.g. cap, breakable member
• F17C 3/00 - Vessels not under pressure

Abstract

Disclosed is an liquid natural gas supply and delivery system with a multimode fuel gas delivery system and process. The tender is capable of supplying gaseous methane fuel to an cryogenic tank via direct pumping, pressure transfer, or any combination mode due to a configuration of pumps, heat exchangers, and piping and controls. There is redundancy in the tender and it can operate with saturated or unsaturated liquid.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 3/00 - Vessels not under pressure
• F17C 7/04 - Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
• F04B 15/08 - Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure the liquids having low boiling points
• F17C 7/02 - Discharging liquefied gases
• F17C 13/04 - Arrangement or mounting of valves
• B61C 17/02 - BunkersTanksTendersWater or fuel pick-up or scoop apparatusWater or fuel supply fittings
• F16L 55/10 - Means for stopping flow in pipes or hoses
• F17C 13/06 - Closures, e.g. cap, breakable member

Abstract

Provided are mixed refrigerant systems and methods and, more particularly, to a mixed refrigerant system and methods that provides greater efficiency and reduced power consumption.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
• F25B 9/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point

Abstract

Cooling of a meter by liquid flowing in a flow that is reverse from dispensing flow is described. A plurality of tubes is configured to transport a plurality of fluids comprising a first fluid and a second fluid. Dispense valves attached to corresponding tubes are configured to open when the first fluid is dispensed from a pump to a first outlet. Recirculation valves attached to respective tubes are configured to open when the second fluid is transported from the pump to a second outlet. A meter attached to a tube of the plurality of tubes is configured to measure properties of a fluid when the fluid flows through the tube, wherein the fluid is one of the first fluid and the second fluid. The meter is configured to sense reverse flow when the second fluid flows from the outlet section to the inlet section.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25D 3/10 - Devices using other cold materialsDevices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
• F28F 27/02 - Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
• G01F 1/84 - Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters

Abstract

An integrated cryogenic fluid delivery system includes a cryogenic liquid tank having an interior, a wall and a geometry. The interior of the cryogenic liquid tank contains a supply of cryogenic liquid. A fuel pickup line is positioned within the interior of the tank and is in fluid communication with a vaporizer so that the vaporizer receives and vaporizes cryogenic liquid from the tank. The vaporizer is positioned outside of the tank and is secured to the wall. The vaporizer also has a shape that conforms with the geometry of the tank.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 9/02 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
• F02M 21/02 - Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
• F02M 21/06 - Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
• B60K 15/03 - Fuel tanks
• F17C 7/04 - Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
• F17C 13/12 - Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion

Abstract

A method for eliminating ground fog which results from vaporizing cryogenic fluids using ambient air. The method includes the steps of drawing an ambient air stream through an ambient air vaporizer thereby cooling the air stream and vaporizing the cryogenic fluid, and then passing the cooled air stream through a vent stack. The method further includes isolating the inlet air stream from the cold outlet air stream and dispersing the cold air into the atmosphere upon leaving the stack. The method further controls the relationship of the stack exit location and the ambient air vaporizer to prevent a temperature depression in the air surrounding the vaporizer which depression causes reduced vaporizer performance.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 9/02 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation

Abstract

A system for dispensing a cryogenic fluid includes a bulk tank containing a supply of cryogenic fluid. A heating circuit includes an intermediate tank and a heating device and has an inlet in fluid communication with the bulk tank and an outlet. A bypass junction is positioned between the bulk tank and the inlet of the heating circuit. A bypass circuit has an inlet in fluid communication with the bypass junction and an outlet so that a portion of cryogenic fluid from the bulk tank flows through the heating circuit and is warmed and a portion flows through the bypass circuit. A mixing junction is in fluid communication with the outlets of the bypass circuit and the heating circuit so that warmed cryogenic fluid from the heating circuit is mixed with cryogenic fluid from the bypass circuit so that the cryogenic fluid is conditioned. A dispensing line is in fluid communication with the mixing junction so that the conditioned cryogenic fluid may be dispensed. Warmed cryogenic fluid remaining in the heating circuit after dispensing is directed to the intermediate tank and used to warm cryogenic fluid directed through the heating circuit.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 7/02 - Discharging liquefied gases

Abstract

A system for dispensing a cryogenic liquid includes a storage tank containing a supply of the cryogenic liquid and a metering chamber. A liquid inlet line is in communication with the storage tank and the metering chamber so that the metering chamber receives cryogenic liquid from the storage tank. A meter run is in communication with the metering chamber and includes a metering element, a dispensing line and a dispensing valve. A stabilizing column is positioned within the metering chamber and includes vertically spaced openings. Vertically spaced first and second pressure sensors are in communication with the interior of the stabilizing column. A controller is in communication with the metering element, the first and second pressure sensors and the dispensing valve.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 13/00 - Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
• F17C 13/02 - Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
• G01F 1/00 - Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow

Abstract

A cryogenic fluid delivery system includes a tank adapted to contain a supply of cryogenic liquid, with the tank including a head space adapted to contain a vapor above the cryogenic liquid stored in the tank. A liquid withdrawal line is adapted to communicate with cryogenic liquid stored in the tank. A vaporizer has an inlet that is in communication with the liquid withdrawal line and an outlet that is in communication with a vapor delivery line. A pressure building circuit is in communication with the vapor delivery line and the head space of the tank. The pressure building circuit includes a flow inducing device and a control system for activating the flow inducing device when a pressure within the head space of the tank drops below a predetermined minimum pressure and/or when other conditions exist.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25B 39/02 - Evaporators
• F17C 7/04 - Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
• F17C 7/02 - Discharging liquefied gases
• F02M 21/02 - Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
• B60K 15/03 - Fuel tanks

Abstract

Described herein are at least systems and methods for cryogenic fluid delivery which utilize pumpless delivery of cryogenic fluid. The systems and methods utilize hydraulic pressure, saturation pressure, or a combination of both hydraulic pressure and saturation pressure to deliver cryogen to a use device, such as an engine.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 7/04 - Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
• F02M 21/02 - Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels

Abstract

A cryogenic fluid vaporizer using ambient air comprising a conduit through which the fluid is passed having an outer finned tubular sleeve which includes a thermal insulation barrier between the conduit and the outer finned tubular sleeve. A fan may be included to provide an increased rate of heat transfer from the air to the outer surface of the fins of the tubular sleeve. The combination of the externally finned area and the insulating thermal barrier prevents the information of ice or frost on the exterior surface of the fins during the transfer of heat from the ambient air to the cryogenic fluid providing a frost-free cryogenic ambient air vaporizer for continuous operation.

IPC Classes  ?

• F28F 13/00 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing

Abstract

Described herein are systems and methods for cryogenic fluid delivery. The systems may include a pressure vessel containing a cryogenic fluid formed of liquid and vapor that is connected to a use device via a withdrawal line. The withdrawal line connects to the cryogenic fluid in the pressure vessel via two routes, a liquid tube and a vapor line. The vapor line may include a back-pressure regulator that opens the vapor line depending on pressure in the system. The withdrawal line may include a pressure relief valve that exerts pressure on the liquid tube. A bypass line may connect the withdrawal line to the liquid tube. The bypass line has a check valve that permits free flow of cryogen from the withdrawal line to the liquid tube via the bypass line while prohibiting cryogen flow from the pressure vessel through the bypass line. The methods employ the systems described herein.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 7/04 - Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation

Abstract

An ullage tank in a vertical cryogenic storage vessel that can store a liquefied gas is described. The ullage tank includes a hollow member. The ullage tank has at least one opening that allows communication between the ullage tank and an inner vessel of the vertical cryogenic vessel. The hollow member has a first open end and a second open end. The hollow member forms a vertically disposed passage through the ullage tank. The first open end and the second open end are in communication with the inner vessel. Related methods, apparatuses, systems, techniques and articles are also described.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 5/02 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with liquefied gases
• F17C 3/00 - Vessels not under pressure

Abstract

Disclosed are systems and methods for dissolving gases into a fluid that is passing through a force-main and gravity sewer system. The system includes a dissolution tank having a pressure vessel for containing a liquid and for providing a regulated gas head space above the liquid, an inlet that permits passage of wastewater into the gas head space, and an outlet that permits passage of treated wastewater out of the pressure vessel. The system also includes a gas source in communication with the pressure vessel; a pump for supplying wastewater from a force-main or sewer system sump into the pressure vessel under conditions effective to dissolve oxygen gas in the wastewater; and a discharge device in communication with the outlet of the dissolution tank assembly for discharging treated wastewater.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01F 3/04 - Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed gases or vapours with liquids
• C02F 1/78 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
• C02F 1/74 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with air

Abstract

An apparatus and method for maximizing the dissolved concentration of ozone in a liquid. The apparatus includes a dissolution tank having a pressure vessel configured to contain a treated fluid and at least one gas in a head space above the treated fluid, an inlet configured to permit passage of an untreated fluid into the head space, and an outlet configured to permit passage of the treated fluid out of the vessel; a gas supply system configured to transport the at least one gas to the head space; a fluid supply system configured to provide the untreated fluid to the tank; a bleed-off system for removing gas from the head space so as to maximize the dissolved concentration of the ozone gas in the liquid; and a discharge device configured to pass the treated fluid from the tank into the target liquid.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01F 3/04 - Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed gases or vapours with liquids
• B01F 5/04 - Injector mixers
• B01F 3/08 - Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
• C02F 1/78 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
• C02F 7/00 - Aeration of stretches of water

Abstract

Disclosed is a system and method for treating wastewater. The system includes a bioreactor which defines a basin for receiving wastewater to be treated; a membrane module in fluid communication with the bioreactor; and a dissolution tank. The tank includes a pressure vessel that contains a portion of the wastewater to be treated and provides a regulated, pressurized gas head space above the wastewater. The tank also includes at least one liquid spray nozzle that permits passage of the wastewater into the gas head space of the pressure vessel and an outlet for discharging the wastewater having a desired gas concentration from the pressure vessel. The system also includes a pumping mechanism for supplying the wastewater to the spray nozzle of the tank such that fluid droplets are formed in the gas head space and the gas contained within the pressurized head space is dissolved into the wastewater.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01F 3/04 - Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed gases or vapours with liquids
• C02F 3/12 - Activated sludge processes
• C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
• C02F 1/78 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
• C02F 3/26 - Activated sludge processes using pure oxygen or oxygen-rich gas
• C02F 3/30 - Aerobic and anaerobic processes
• C02F 3/24 - Activated sludge processes using free-fall aeration or spraying

Abstract

2. A pressure builder having an inlet in communication with a bottom portion of the bulk tank and an outlet in communication with a top portion of the bulk tank vaporizes liquid from the bulk tank and delivers the resulting gas to the top portion of the tank so as to pressurize it. A baffle is positioned within the bulk tank. Below the baffle, a refrigeration system is connected to the heat exchanger coil so that a refrigerant fluid is supplied to and received from the heat exchanger coil so that the liquid below the baffle is subcooled and the liquid above the baffle is stratified. A liquid fill line is in communication with the interior of the bulk tank via a fill line opening that is positioned above the baffle. A liquid feed line is in communication with a bottom portion of the interior of the bulk tank so that subcooled liquid may be dispensed.

IPC Classes  ?

• B67D 7/08 - Arrangements of devices for controlling, indicating, metering or registering quantity or price of liquid transferred
• B67D 7/80 - Arrangements of heating or cooling devices for liquids to be transferred
• F17C 7/02 - Discharging liquefied gases

Abstract

A system and apparatus for regasifying liquefied natural gas (LNG) and other cryogenic liquids on a continuous basis utilizing improved atmospheric air vaporizer heat exchangers of the vertical single pass and parallel connected type. A multiplicity of such heat exchangers is positioned on a defined grid, such as to improve the natural convection of the ambient air heat source. An improved heat exchange system includes heat exchange elements within the heat exchangers comprised of hybrid externally finned elements, smooth interior stainless steel tubes thermally bonded within the externally finned elements, the tubes containing vortex generators. Flow distributors in the form of venturi shaped injectors are positioned at the inlet of each tube of the multiplicity of heat exchangers of the system.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 9/02 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation

Abstract

A system and method for cooling and liquefying a gas in a heat exchanger that includes compressing and cooling a mixed refrigerant using first and last compression and cooling cycles so that high pressure liquid and vapor streams are formed. The high pressure liquid and vapor streams are cooled in the heat exchanger and then expanded so that a primary refrigeration stream is provided in the heat exchanger. The mixed refrigerant is cooled and equilibrated between the first and last compression and cooling cycles so that a pre-cool liquid stream is formed and subcooled in the heat exchanger. The stream is then expanded and passed through the heat exchanger as a pre-cool refrigeration stream. A stream of gas is passed through the heat exchanger in countercurrent heat exchange with the primary refrigeration stream and the pre-cool refrigeration stream so that the gas is cooled. A resulting vapor stream from the primary refrigeration stream passage and a two-phase stream from the pre-cool refrigeration stream passage exit the warm end of the exchanger and are combined and undergo a simultaneous heat and mass transfer operation prior to the first compression and cooling cycle so that a reduced temperature vapor stream is provided to the first stage compressor so as to lower power consumption by the system. Additionally, the warm end of the cooling curve is nearly closed further reducing power consumption. Heavy components of the refrigerant are also kept out of the cold end of the process, reducing the possibility of refrigerant freezing, as well as facilitating a refrigerant management scheme.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen

Abstract

A system for producing hydrogen features a reactor including a reaction channel adapted to receive a reaction stream including a mixture of supercritical water and a hydrocarbon fuel. A catalyst is positioned in the reaction channel so that a product stream containing hydrogen is produced by a reaction in the reaction channel when the mixture is exposed to the catalyst; wherein the catalyst contains a catalytically active metal and a promoter in a metal format, selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium, rubidium, lithium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 7/00 - Apparatus for generating gases
• C10B 1/00 - Retorts
• C10J 3/48 - ApparatusPlants