Abstract

c. allowing the compressible grout mix to set, wherein the compressible grout mix in the hardened state has a compressible ratio greater than the anticipated time dependent deformation.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 8/473 - Density reducing additives, e.g. for obtaining foamed cement compositions
• C04B 28/04 - Portland cements
• C04B 14/10 - Clay
• C04B 16/08 - Macromolecular compounds porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads
• C04B 24/04 - Carboxylic acidsSalts, anhydrides or esters thereof
• E21D 11/10 - Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situShuttering or other equipment adapted therefor
• E21D 11/38 - WaterproofingHeat insulatingSoundproofingElectric insulating
• E21F 15/00 - Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
• C04B 103/30 - Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers
• C04B 103/22 - Set retarders
• C04B 111/70 - Grouts
• C04B 111/00 - Function, property or use of the mortars, concrete or artificial stone

Abstract

The present invention provides for a compressible grout mix for filling an annular gap between a tunnel rock wall surface and a tunnel liner of a tunnel in a rock formation subject to time dependent deformation after excavation and a method of filling the annular gap between a tunnel rock wall surface and a tunnel liner of a tunnel in a rock formation subject to time dependent deformation after excavation utilizing the compressible grout mix for resilient absorption of forces in the hardened state of the compressible grout mix exerted by the time dependent deformation of the rock wall surface into the tunnel opening. The method includes: a. providing the compressible grout mix comprising hydraulic binding agent, bentonite clay, polymer foam particles, water-reducing admixture, water and air, b. placing the compressible grout mix in the annular gap between the tunnel wall rock surface and the tunnel liner, and c. allowing the compressible grout mix to set, wherein the compressible grout mix in the hardened state has a compressible ratio greater than the anticipated time dependent deformation.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21D 11/05 - Lining with building materials using compressible insertions
• C09K 8/473 - Density reducing additives, e.g. for obtaining foamed cement compositions
• C04B 28/04 - Portland cements
• C04B 14/10 - Clay
• C04B 16/08 - Macromolecular compounds porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads
• C04B 24/04 - Carboxylic acidsSalts, anhydrides or esters thereof
• E21D 11/10 - Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situShuttering or other equipment adapted therefor
• E21D 11/38 - WaterproofingHeat insulatingSoundproofingElectric insulating
• E21F 15/00 - Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
• C04B 103/30 - Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers
• C04B 103/22 - Set retarders
• C04B 111/70 - Grouts
• C04B 111/00 - Function, property or use of the mortars, concrete or artificial stone

Abstract

c. allowing the compressible grout mix to set, wherein the compressible grout mix in the hardened state has a compressible ratio greater than the anticipated time dependent deformation.

IPC Classes  ?

• C04B 14/10 - Clay
• C04B 16/08 - Macromolecular compounds porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads
• E21D 11/10 - Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situShuttering or other equipment adapted therefor
• C04B 28/04 - Portland cements
• E21D 11/00 - Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambersLinings thereforMaking such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
• C04B 24/26 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• C04B 103/30 - Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers
• C04B 111/70 - Grouts

Abstract

The present invention relates to a compressible grout mix for
use as a fill in applications requiring absorption of
compressive or deformation stresses between subterranean
formations and subterranean structures as well as a method of
filling a gap between subterranean formations and subterranean
structures in a subterranean formation subject to compressive or
deformation stresses utilizing the compressible grout mix for
resilient absorption of forces in the hardened state of the
compressible grout mix exerted by the time dependent deformation
of the rock wall surface into the tunnel opening. The
compressible grout mix contains hydraulic binding agent, polymer
foam particles, anti-wash agent, and water and the method
includes:
a. providing the compressible grout mix containing hydraulic
binding agent, polymer foam particles, anti-wash agent,
and water,
b. placing the compressible grout mix in the gap between the
subterranean formation and the subterranean structure, and
c. allowing the compressible grout mix to set, wherein the
compressible grout mix in the hardened state has a
compressible ratio greater than the anticipated
compressive and deformation stresses of the subterranean
formation.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21D 5/00 - Lining shaftsLinings therefor
• E21D 11/00 - Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambersLinings thereforMaking such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a steel segment assembly for lining a tunnel. The segment assembly has a frame to which is attached a steel panel, the frame and panel being a segment of a cylinder dimensioned to the desired tunnel diameter. The frame is preferably square, rectangular or trapezoidal in shape and is constructed of suitably dimensioned members having a square or rectangular cross section welded together. The frame has two curved spaced apart side members to form the long sides of the frame, the curved spaced apart side members being joined together at either end by end members to form the short sides of the frame. At least one intermediate member is provided between the two end members to bridge the two curved spaced apart side members to provide transverse structural support to the steel segment assembly.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21D 5/10 - Lining shaftsLinings therefor with iron or steel in the form of tubbing
• E21D 11/14 - Lining predominantly with metal

Abstract

The present invention provides for a compressible grout mix for filling an annular gap between a tunnel rock wall surface and a tunnel liner of a tunnel in a rock formation subject to time dependent deformation after excavation and a method of filling the annular gap between a tunnel rock wall surface and a tunnel liner of a tunnel in a rock formation subject to time dependent deformation after excavation utilizing the compressible grout mix for resilient absorption of forces in the hardened state of the compressible grout mix exerted by the time dependent deformation of the rock wall surface into the tunnel opening. The method includes: a. providing the compressible grout mix comprising hydraulic binding agent, bentonite clay, polymer foam particles, water- reducing admixture, water and air, b. placing the compressible grout mix in the annular gap between the tunnel wall rock surface and the tunnel liner, and c. allowing the compressible grout mix to set, wherein the compressible grout mix in the hardened state has a compressible ratio greater than the anticipated time dependent deformation.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21D 11/00 - Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambersLinings thereforMaking such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
• E21D 11/10 - Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situShuttering or other equipment adapted therefor

Abstract

The present invention provides for a compressible grout mix for
filling an annular gap between a tunnel rock wall surface and a
tunnel liner of a tunnel in a rock formation subject to time
dependent deformation after excavation and a method of filling
the annular gap between a tunnel rock wall surface and a tunnel
liner of a tunnel in a rock formation subject to time dependent
deformation after excavation utilizing the compressible grout
mix for resilient absorption of forces in the hardened state of
the compressible grout mix exerted by the time dependent
deformation of the rock wall surface into the tunnel opening.
The method includes:
a. providing the compressible grout mix comprising hydraulic
binding agent, bentonite clay, polymer foam particles,
water-reducing admixture, water and air,
b. placing the compressible grout mix in the annular gap
between the tunnel wall rock surface and the tunnel liner, and
c. allowing the compressible grout mix to set, wherein the
compressible grout mix in the hardened state has a compressible
ratio greater than the anticipated time dependent deformation.

IPC Classes  ?

• C04B 14/10 - Clay
• C04B 28/04 - Portland cements
• C04B 38/08 - Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic warePreparation thereof by adding porous substances
• C09K 8/473 - Density reducing additives, e.g. for obtaining foamed cement compositions
• E02D 3/12 - Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
• E21D 11/04 - Lining with building materials

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a clip connector for joining steel ribs together end to end to provide a support for lateral wood or steel beams used to line a tunnel. The clip connector has a generally C shaped cross section with a web section having a width approximately equal to the width of the flange of the steel rib and a length and shape sufficient to overlap the ends of the joined steel ribs. The clip has flanges extending from either side of the web to wrap around the flange of steel ribs and contain the flange of the steel rib.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21D 11/22 - Clamps or other yieldable means for interconnecting adjacent arch members either rigidly, or allowing arch member parts to slide when subjected to excessive pressure