A multi-layer device comprising a first substrate and a first electrically conductive layer on a surface thereof, the first electrically conductive layer having a sheet resistance to the flow of electrical current through the first electrically conductive layer that varies as a function of position.
G02F 1/1514 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
An electrochromic device is provided. The device includes a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate, a first electrically conductive layer with a first resistance gradient arranged on an inner surface of the first transparent substrate, a second electrically conductive layer with a second resistance gradient arranged on an inner surface of the second transparent substrate. The device includes a first bus bar in contact with the first electrically conductive layer, a second bus bar in contact with the second electrically conductive layer, a first sense voltage pad arranged on the inner surface of the first transparent substrate configured to measure a local cell potential at a sense voltage measurement position within the electrochromic device, wherein the first and second resistance gradients are configured to form a region comprising a maximum local cell potential approximately coinciding with the sense voltage measurement position.
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
G09G 3/38 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
A method includes receiving a three-dimensional (3D) model of environment relative to a first electrochromic device. The 3D model includes one or more objects and the first electrochromic device. The method further includes determining, based on the 3D model, reflections. Each of the reflections is from a corresponding surface of the one or more objects to the first electrochromic device for a corresponding sun position. The method further includes generating a reflection map based on the reflections. The method further includes determining a current sun position. The method further includes determining, based on the reflection map and the current sun position, a first desired tinting state of the first electrochromic device. The method further includes causing a current tinting state of the first electrochromic device to correspond to the first desired tinting state.
A sky sensor device for measuring direct normal illuminance (DNE) value is described. One method controls a camera sensor to capture a series of exposure-bracketed images having a first dynamic range and generate an image from the series of exposure-bracketed images, the image having a second dynamic range higher than the first dynamic range. The method controls an illuminance sensor to measure a global illuminance value. The method determines a global horizontal diffuse value based on at least the image. The method determines a direct normal illuminance (DNE) value using the global illuminance value and the global horizontal diffuse value.
H04N 23/71 - Circuitry for evaluating the brightness variation
H04N 23/741 - Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene by increasing the dynamic range of the image compared to the dynamic range of the electronic image sensors
5.
Electrochromic devices with patterned electrically conductive layers
An electrochromic device is provided. The device includes a first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate and a first electrically conductive layer and a second electrically conductive layer. A first bus bar is in contact with the first electrically conductive layer and a second bus bar in contact with the second electrically conductive layer. The first and second electrically conductive layers are patterned with sets of scribed lines substantially parallel to the corresponding bus bar, wherein the sets of scribed lines are made up of a series of collinear segments, which are gaps in the electrically conductive layer, wherein the length of the collinear segments, the period, the valve width and the offset between segments in adjacent scribed lines determines the resistance to the flow of electrons traversing a set of scribed lines in the direction substantially perpendicular to the corresponding bus bar.
E06B 3/67 - Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes in spaced relationship, the panes being permanently secured together, e.g. along the edges characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation
E06B 9/24 - Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshineSimilar screens for privacy or appearance
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
G09G 3/38 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
A method includes identifying images corresponding to sky conditions. The method further includes isolating cloud pixels from sky pixels in each of the images. Responsive to determining percentage of cloud pixels in one or more of the images meets a threshold value, the method further includes determining predicted cloud movement relative to sun position by tracking similar feature points between two or more images of the images. The method further includes causing a tint level of an electrochromic device to be controlled based on the predicted cloud movement relative to the sun position.
Disclosed is a system, method, and computer program product that employs high dynamic range (HDR) image processing and manipulation algorithms for capturing and measuring real-time sky conditions for processing into control input signals to a building's automated fenestration (AF) system, daylight harvesting (DH) system and HVAC system. The photometer comprises a color camera and a fitted fish-eye lens to capture 360-degree, hemispherical, low dynamic range (LDR) color images of the sky. Both camera and lens are housed in a sealed enclosure protecting them from environmental elements and conditions. In some embodiments the camera and processes are controlled and implemented by a back-end computer.
G05B 13/02 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
F24F 11/30 - Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
F24F 11/46 - Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
F24F 11/62 - Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
A multi-layer device comprising a first substrate and a first electrically conductive layer on a surface thereof, the first electrically conductive layer having a sheet resistance to the flow of electrical current through the first electrically conductive layer that varies as a function of position.
G02F 1/1514 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
A sky sensor device for measuring direct normal illuminance (DNE) value is described. One sky sensor device includes a camera sensor to capture a series of images, an illuminance sensor to measure illuminance, and a processing device coupled to the camera sensor and the illuminance sensor. The processing device determines a DNE value using the series of images and the illuminance.
H04N 23/71 - Circuitry for evaluating the brightness variation
H04N 23/741 - Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene by increasing the dynamic range of the image compared to the dynamic range of the electronic image sensors
10.
Tungsten oxide nanostructure thin films for electrochromic devices
A method of manufacturing a thin film is provided. The method includes providing a plurality of crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide particles, size-reducing the crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide particles by grinding to produce crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide nanostructures, and coating the crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide nanostructures onto a substrate to produce a thin film. An electrochromic multi-layer stack is also provided.
B05D 1/26 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
B32B 5/16 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, chopped fibres, powder
B32B 9/00 - Layered products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups
B32B 9/04 - Layered products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups comprising such substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 23/12 - Layered products essentially comprising cellulosic plastic substances next to a particulate layer
B32B 27/14 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin next to a particulate layer
B32B 27/28 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin comprising copolymers of synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the following subgroups
C03C 17/34 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
A method includes receiving first dimensions of an electrochromic device and second dimensions of one or more obstructions of the electrochromic device. The method further includes generating, based on the first dimensions and the second dimensions, an obstruction map that indicates at least one of an obstructed portion or an unobstructed portion of the electrochromic device. The method further includes determining, based the obstruction map, a first desired tinting state of the electrochromic device. The method further includes causing a current tinting state of the electrochromic device to correspond to the first desired tinting state.
A multi-layer device comprising a first substrate and a first electrically conductive layer on a surface thereof, the first electrically conductive layer having a sheet resistance to the flow of electrical current through the first electrically conductive layer that varies as a function of position.
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
G02F 1/1514 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
An electrochromic device is provided. The device includes a first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate and a first electrically conductive layer and a second electrically conductive layer. A first bus bar is in contact with the first electrically conductive layer and a second bus bar in contact with the second electrically conductive layer. The first and second electrically conductive layers are patterned with sets of scribed lines substantially parallel to the corresponding bus bar, wherein the sets of scribed lines are made up of a series of collinear segments, which are gaps in the electrically conductive layer, wherein the length of the collinear segments, the period, the valve width and the offset between segments in adjacent scribed lines determines the resistance to the flow of electrons traversing a set of scribed lines in the direction substantially perpendicular to the corresponding bus bar.
G09G 3/38 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
E06B 9/24 - Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshineSimilar screens for privacy or appearance
E06B 3/67 - Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes in spaced relationship, the panes being permanently secured together, e.g. along the edges characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation
G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
A method includes identifying a plurality of images corresponding to sky conditions and isolating cloud pixels from sky pixels in each of the plurality of images. Responsive to determining percentage of cloud pixels in one or more of the plurality of images meets a threshold value, the method further includes determining predicted cloud movement relative to sun position. The method further includes causing a tint level of an electrochromic device to be controlled based on the predicted cloud movement relative to the sun position.
A method of controlling smart windows with dynamic tenancy, performed by a control system is provided. The method includes coupling a control system having a plurality of smart windows each having one or more electrochromic devices, to a plurality of remote devices, and managing, in the control system, configurable smart window groups each having in membership one or more of the plurality of smart windows. The method includes managing, in the control system, configurable user groups each having in membership one or more of a plurality of users in association with the smart window groups, and controlling transmissivity of the electrochromic devices of the plurality of smart windows in accordance with the configurable smart window groups, the configurable user groups and the plurality of remote devices.
A method of manufacturing a thin film is provided. The method includes providing a plurality of crystalline cathodic electrochromic particles comprising an alkali metal oxide material, size-reducing the crystalline cathodic electrochromic particles by grinding to produce crystalline cathodic electrochromic nanostructures, providing a substrate, and coating the crystalline cathodic electrochromic nanostructures onto the substrate to produce a thin film, wherein the thin film is an electrochromic thin film.
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
A method of controlling tint for a plurality of electrochromic devices, performed by a control system, is provided. The method includes receiving a request to change tint level of a plurality of electrochromic devices, and consulting transfer functions for tint level relative to drive for each of the plurality of electrochromic devices, wherein at least one of the plurality of electrochromic devices has a transfer function differing from at least one other of the plurality of electrochromic devices. The method includes driving each of the plurality of electrochromic devices in accordance with the transfer functions, so as to coordinate tint level or rate of change of tint level across the plurality of electrochromic devices.
A method of manufacturing a thin film is provided. The method includes providing a plurality of crystalline anodic electrochromic particles, size-reducing the crystalline anodic electrochromic particles by grinding to produce crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide nanostructures, and coating the crystalline anodic electrochromic nanostructures onto a substrate to produce a thin film. An electrochromic multi-layer stack is also provided.
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
The current invention describes an electrochromic panel having optimized visual properties. The properties have been optimized to provide an electrochromic panel having a very transparent clear state and a very black and opaque dark state. The coloration of the electrochromic panel has also been optimized to provide options for aesthetically pleasing windows. In one embodiment, the clear state comprises a CIE-Lab L* in transmission from 70 to 95, b* in transmission from −8 to 8, and a* in transmission from −4 to 4 and a dark state comprises a Tvis less than 0.01%, a CIE-Lab b* in transmission from −8 to 8, and a CIE-Lab a* in transmission from −8 to 8.
A system includes a gateway having a memory, and a processing device coupled to the memory. The processing device is to identify a first subset of a data stream associated with a smart window system. The first subset of the data stream includes sensor data that has changed more than a threshold amount. Responsive to identifying the first subset of the data stream, the processing device is to transmit the first subset of the data stream to a server device. The server device is to generate one or more instructions based on the first subset of the data stream. Responsive to receiving the one or more instructions from the server device, the processing device is to cause one or more electrochromic devices to be controlled based on the one or more instructions.
A multi-layer device comprising a first substrate and a first electrically conductive layer on a surface thereof, the first electrically conductive layer having a sheet resistance to the flow of electrical current through the first electrically conductive layer that varies as a function of position.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G02F 1/03 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels or Kerr effect
G09G 3/19 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
A multi-layer device comprising a first substrate, a first electrically conductive layer on a surface thereof, and a first current modulating layer, the first electrically conductive layer having a sheet resistance to the flow of electrical current through the first electrically conductive layer that varies as a function of position.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G02F 1/03 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels or Kerr effect
G09G 3/19 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
B32B 17/06 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
G02F 1/1345 - Conductors connecting electrodes to cell terminals
24.
Building model generation and intelligent light control for smart windows
A smart window system is provided. The system includes a plurality of smart windows, each having at least one electrochromic window and a plurality of sensors. The system includes a control system coupling the plurality of smart windows and the plurality of sensors. The control system is configured to couple to a network, and configured to generate a building model that includes information regarding the plurality of smart windows and is based on information from the plurality of sensors and information from the network.
A method for controlling an electrochromic device is provided. The method includes applying a constant supply current to the electrochromic device and determining an amount of charge transferred to the electrochromic device, as a function of time and current supplied to the electrochromic device. The method includes ceasing the applying the constant supply current, responsive to a sense voltage reaching a sense voltage limit and applying one of a variable voltage or a variable current to the electrochromic device to maintain the sense voltage at the sense voltage limit, responsive to the sense voltage reaching the sense voltage limit. The method includes terminating the applying the variable voltage or the variable current to the electrochromic device, responsive to the determined amount of charge reaching a target amount of charge.
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
B60R 1/08 - Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots
E06B 9/24 - Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshineSimilar screens for privacy or appearance
G01R 19/00 - Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
G05B 19/042 - Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
G09G 3/16 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments by control of light from an independent source
G09G 3/19 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
H04L 67/12 - Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
26.
Thin film lithium tungsten oxides for electrochromic applications and methods of making the same
An electrochromic multi-layer stack is provided. The electrochromic multi-layer stack includes a thin film that includes lithium tungsten oxide with lithium included in the fully bleached state. The electrochromic multi-layer stack also includes an electrically conductive layer, and an outer substrate. An electrochromic device is also provided.
B32B 15/04 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 17/06 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
Process for forming a multi-layer electrochromic structure, the process comprising depositing a film of a liquid mixture onto a surface of a substrate, and treating the deposited film to form an anodic electrochromic layer, the liquid mixture comprising a continuous phase and a dispersed phase, the dispersed phase comprising metal oxide particles, metal alkoxide particles, metal alkoxide oligomers, gels or particles, or a combination thereof having a number average size of at least 5 nm.
B05D 1/00 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
B05D 3/04 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
B32B 17/10 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
C03C 17/25 - Oxides by deposition from the liquid phase
C23C 18/12 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
30.
Electrochromic multi-layer devices with cross-linked ion conducting polymer
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
31.
Shear stress reduction in electrochromic device assemblies
An electrochromic integrated glazing unit (IGU) comprises an electrochromic lite, a glass lite, a spacer, and a sealant. The electrochromic lite can have a first piece of carrier glass, a second piece of carrier glass, and an electrochromic device disposed between them, where the first and second pieces of carrier glass can be offset such that the first piece of carrier glass extends farther than both the second piece of carrier glass and the electrochromic device along a first edge of the electrochromic lite. A sealant can be disposed between the first piece of carrier glass and the glass lite along a first edge of the electrochromic IGU and further disposed between the second piece of carrier glass and the glass lite. An electrochromic laminated glass unit (LGU) with a similar electrochromic lite can contain one or more shear blocks disposed at a first edge of the electrochromic LGU.
E06B 3/66 - Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes in spaced relationship, the panes being permanently secured together, e.g. along the edges
E06B 3/67 - Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes in spaced relationship, the panes being permanently secured together, e.g. along the edges characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation
Process for forming a multi-layer electrochromic structure, the process comprising depositing a film of a liquid mixture onto a surface of a substrate, and treating the deposited film to form an anodic electrochromic layer, the liquid mixture comprising a continuous phase and a dispersed phase, the dispersed phase comprising metal oxide particles, metal hydroxide particles, metal alkoxide particles, metal alkoxide oligomers, gels or particles, or a combination thereof having a number average size of at least 5 nm.
C23C 18/12 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
B05D 1/00 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
B05D 3/04 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
Automated control of an electrochromic device is described. A method includes receiving a first image captured from a first viewpoint of an electrochromic device. The method further includes identifying at least one of an obstructed portion of the first image or an unobstructed portion of the first image. The method further includes generating an obstruction map based on the at least one of the obstructed portion of the first image or the unobstructed portion of the first image. The method further includes determining, based on the obstruction map, a desired tinting state of the electrochromic device and causing a current tinting state of the electrochromic device to correspond to the desired tinting state.
A method includes receiving data from components of a smart window system and, responsive to determining that a first portion of the data corresponds to a first identifier, storing the first portion of the data in association with the first identifier. The method further includes receiving, via a graphical user interface (GUI) presented on a user device, a view request and, responsive to determining that the view request corresponds to the first identifier, retrieving the first portion of the data. The method further includes causing the GUI to be modified to display the first portion of the data and, responsive to user interaction with the GUI that was modified based on the view request, receiving, via the GUI presented on the user device, a change request to implement a change associated with electrochromic windows. The method includes causing a first component to implement the change associated with the electrochromic windows.
G06F 3/048 - Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
G06F 3/0484 - Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] for the control of specific functions or operations, e.g. selecting or manipulating an object, an image or a displayed text element, setting a parameter value or selecting a range
G06F 3/0482 - Interaction with lists of selectable items, e.g. menus
E06B 9/24 - Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshineSimilar screens for privacy or appearance
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
A dual rail driver for an electrochromic device is provided. The dual rail driver includes a power supply having a first power supply rail and a second power supply rail and an H bridge connected to the first power supply rail and the second power supply rail and configurable to couple to an electrochromic device. The dual rail driver includes a controller coupled to the H bridge through a failsafe module and configurable to control switches of the H bridge to charge and discharge the electrochromic device from the first power supply rail and the second power supply rail. The failsafe module is configurable to override one or more signals from the controller that controls the switches of the H bridge through the failsafe module, responsive to detecting anomaly of the electrochromic device.
Disclosed is a system, method, and computer program product that employs high dynamic range (HDR) image processing and manipulation algorithms for capturing and measuring real-time sky conditions for processing into control input signals to a building's automated fenestration (AF) system, daylight harvesting (DH) system and HVAC system. The photometer comprises a color camera and a fitted fish-eye lens to capture 360-degree, hemispherical, low dynamic range (LDR) color images of the sky. Both camera and lens are housed in a sealed enclosure protecting them from environmental elements and conditions. In some embodiments the camera and processes are controlled and implemented by a back-end computer.
F24F 11/30 - Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
G05B 13/02 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
F24F 11/62 - Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
F24F 11/46 - Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
A system for causing electrochromic devices to be controlled is described. The system may include a memory and a processing device coupled to the memory. The processing device may receive a data stream from a driver controlling a set of electrochromic devices, transmit a first subset of the data stream to a server device, and store at least a second subset of the data stream in a data file in the memory. The processing device may receive one or more instructions from the server device and transmit the one or more instructions to the driver to cause the set of electrochromic devices to be controlled based on the one or more instructions.
A method includes identifying components of a smart window system. The components include electrochromic devices, drivers, and one or more gateways. Each of the drivers is to control a corresponding electrochromic device and each of the drivers is to receive instructions from a server device via a corresponding gateway. The method further includes determining physical linking, network linking, and application linking of the smart window system. The method further includes displaying, via a graphical user interface (GUI), the components of the smart window system, the physical linking, the network linking, and the application linking. The method further includes determining a first component of the plurality of components is to be replaced by a new component, causing the new component to be configured based on configurations of the first component, and updating the GUI based on the new component that has been configured based on the configurations of the first component.
G06F 3/0482 - Interaction with lists of selectable items, e.g. menus
G09G 3/38 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
G09G 3/20 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix
A multi-layer device comprising a first substrate, a first electrically conductive layer and a first current modulating structure on a surface thereof, the first current modulating structure comprising a composite of a resistive material and a patterned insulating material, the first current modulating structure having a cross-layer resistance to the flow of electrical current through the first current modulating structure that varies as a function of position.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G02F 1/00 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics
G09G 3/19 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
A distributed energy management system (EMS) for supplying power to a set of drivers that charge and discharge a set of electrochromic devices is described. One distributed EMS includes an external power supply interface to couple to an external power supply, a multi-device boost power supply comprising a set of batteries, and a driver interface to supply power to a set of drivers that charge and discharge a set of electrochromic devices. The distributed EMS also includes a communication subsystem to communicate with the set of drivers and EMS circuitry to supply power to the set of drivers, via the driver interface, based on a power state of the multi-device boost power supply and a state of the set of electrochromic devices.
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
H02J 9/00 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
41.
Overcharge-aware driver for electrochromic devices
A overcharge-aware electrochromic device driver for preventing overcharge of an electrochromic device is described. One driver applies a constant supply current to an electrochromic device from a power supply. The driver determines an amount of charge as a function of time and current supplied to the electrochromic device. The driver determines whether the amount of charge reaches an overcharge limit before a sense voltage reaches a first sense voltage limit. Responsive to the amount of charge reaching the overcharge limit, the driver sets the sense voltage as a second sense voltage limit that is lower than the first sense voltage limit, ceases the constant supply current, and applies one of a variable voltage or a variable current to the electrochromic device from the power supply to maintain the sense voltage at the second sense voltage limit.
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G02F 1/1516 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising organic material
B60R 1/08 - Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots
A smart window-based security system is provided. The system includes a plurality of smart windows, each smart window of the plurality of smart windows having at least one electrochromic window and at least one sensor integrated into the smart window. The plurality of smart windows are coupled together in a system having at least one processor configured to detect a personal or property security threat, such as an intruder or fire based, on information from sensors of the plurality of smart windows.
E06B 9/24 - Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshineSimilar screens for privacy or appearance
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
E06B 9/68 - Operating devices or mechanisms, e.g. with electric drive
E06B 9/32 - Operating, guiding, or securing devices therefor
G08B 25/08 - Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using communication transmission lines
43.
Charge sequestration methods for electrochromic devices
A method of controlling an electrochromic device is provided. The method includes measuring an open circuit voltage between a first electrode and a reference electrode in the electrochromic device in a fully bleached state. The method includes calculating a charge Q to return the first electrode to a baseline state and darkening the first electrode in the electrochromic device to a darkened state. The method includes transferring charge from the first electrode in the darkened state to a redox element.
E06B 3/67 - Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes in spaced relationship, the panes being permanently secured together, e.g. along the edges characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation
E06B 9/24 - Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshineSimilar screens for privacy or appearance
B32B 17/10 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
A smart driver system for electrochromic devices is provided. The system includes at least one smart driver having one or more processors, memory and a communication module. The at least one smart driver is configurable to couple to or integrate with one or more smart windows having electrochromic devices. The at least one smart driver is configurable to input identification information from a plurality of self-identifying components of a smart window system, including the one or more smart windows, and to self-initialize or self-adjust a plurality of operating parameters for operation of the self-identifying components in accordance with the identification information.
G06K 7/10 - Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensingMethods or arrangements for sensing record carriers by corpuscular radiation
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
G08C 17/02 - Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
H04Q 9/00 - Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
E06B 9/24 - Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshineSimilar screens for privacy or appearance
G06F 3/0484 - Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] for the control of specific functions or operations, e.g. selecting or manipulating an object, an image or a displayed text element, setting a parameter value or selecting a range
45.
Tungsten oxide nanostructure thin films for electrochromic devices
A method of manufacturing a thin film is provided. The method includes providing a plurality of crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide particles, size-reducing the crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide particles by grinding to produce crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide nanostructures, and coating the crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide nanostructures onto a substrate to produce a thin film. An electrochromic multi-layer stack is also provided.
C03C 17/34 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
B32B 27/28 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin comprising copolymers of synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the following subgroups
B32B 27/14 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin next to a particulate layer
B32B 5/16 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, chopped fibres, powder
B32B 9/04 - Layered products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups comprising such substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B05D 1/26 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
A window is provided. The window includes an electrochromic device having variable transmissivity and a region of the electrochromic device arranged with an indicator that is configured to indicate one of levels of the transmissivity or changes of the transmissivity of the electrochromic device.
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
G02F 1/13 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
G08B 5/36 - Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmissionVisible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electromagnetic transmission using visible light sources
G08B 3/10 - Audible signalling systemsAudible personal calling systems using electric transmissionAudible signalling systemsAudible personal calling systems using electromagnetic transmission
G08B 6/00 - Tactile signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems
A wall controller is provided. The wall controller includes a projection screen arranged to project a digital image onto the projection screen from the projector, wherein the projector has an optical axis that is non-orthogonal to the projection screen. The wall controller includes a housing having the projection screen mounted thereto. A housing is dimensioned to fit a second end of the housing through an aperture in a first wall, fit the second end into a wall space between the first wall and a second wall, and fit a majority of the first end of the housing into the aperture until the projection screen is parallel to a surface of the first wall. The aperture dimensioned to fit the first end of the housing or the front portion of the projection screen.
G03B 21/14 - Projectors or projection-type viewersAccessories therefor Details
H04N 9/31 - Projection devices for colour picture display
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
G06F 3/0354 - Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the userAccessories therefor with detection of 2D relative movements between the device, or an operating part thereof, and a plane or surface, e.g. 2D mice, trackballs, pens or pucks
G06F 3/0362 - Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the userAccessories therefor with detection of 1D translations or rotations of an operating part of the device, e.g. scroll wheels, sliders, knobs, rollers or belts
G06F 3/0488 - Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
G03B 21/10 - Projectors with built-in or built-on screen
An electrochromic multi-layer stack is provided. The electrochromic multi-layer stack includes a thin film that includes lithium tungsten oxide with lithium included in the fully bleached state. The electrochromic multi-layer stack also includes an electrically conductive layer, and an outer substrate. An electrochromic device is also provided.
B32B 15/04 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 17/06 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
A method of controlling smart windows with dynamic tenancy, performed by a control system is provided. The method includes coupling a control system having a plurality of smart windows each having one or more electrochromic devices, to a plurality of remote devices, and managing, in the control system, configurable smart window groups each having in membership one or more of the plurality of smart windows. The method includes managing, in the control system, configurable user groups each having in membership one or more of a plurality of users in association with the smart window groups, and controlling transmissivity of the electrochromic devices of the plurality of smart windows in accordance with the configurable smart window groups, the configurable user groups and the plurality of remote devices.
A multi-layer device comprising a first substrate and a first electrically conductive layer on a surface thereof, the first electrically conductive layer having a sheet resistance to the flow of electrical current through the first electrically conductive layer that varies as a function of position.
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
G02F 1/1514 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
A multi-layer device comprising a first substrate, a first electrically conductive layer on a surface thereof, and a first current modulating layer, the first electrically conductive layer having a sheet resistance to the flow of electrical current through the first electrically conductive layer that varies as a function of position.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G02F 1/03 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels or Kerr effect
G09G 3/19 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
B32B 17/06 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
G02F 1/1345 - Conductors connecting electrodes to cell terminals
52.
Electrochromic devices with patterned electrically conductive layers configured to minimize diffraction effects
An electrochromic device comprises a first transparent substrate and a first electrically conductive layer arranged on a surface of the first transparent substrate, wherein the first electrically conductive layer is patterned with curved scribed line segments. The curved scribed line segments comprise a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction, and the distance from each curved scribed line segment to a line along the longitudinal direction of each curved scribed line segment varies nonmonotonically as a function of position along the curved scribed line segment.
G02F 1/03 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels or Kerr effect
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G09G 3/19 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
An electrochromic device is provided. The device includes a first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate and a first electrically conductive layer and a second electrically conductive layer. A first bus bar is in contact with the first electrically conductive layer and a second bus bar in contact with the second electrically conductive layer. The first and second electrically conductive layers are patterned with sets of scribed lines substantially parallel to the corresponding bus bar, wherein the sets of scribed lines are made up of a series of collinear segments, which are gaps in the electrically conductive layer, wherein the length of the collinear segments, the period, the valve width and the offset between segments in adjacent scribed lines determines the resistance to the flow of electrons traversing a set of scribed lines in the direction substantially perpendicular to the corresponding bus bar.
E06B 3/67 - Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes in spaced relationship, the panes being permanently secured together, e.g. along the edges characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation
E06B 9/24 - Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshineSimilar screens for privacy or appearance
G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
G09G 3/38 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
A dual rail driver for an electrochromic device is provided. The dual rail driver includes a power supply having a first power supply rail and a second power supply rail and an H bridge connected to the first power supply rail and the second power supply rail and configurable to couple to an electrochromic device. The dual rail driver includes a controller coupled to the H bridge through a failsafe module and configurable to control switches of the H bridge to charge and discharge the electrochromic device from the first power supply rail and the second power supply rail. The failsafe module is configurable to override one or more signals from the controller that controls the switches of the H bridge through the failsafe module, responsive to detecting anomaly of the electrochromic device.
Methods for cutting strengthened glass are disclosed. The methods can include using a laser. The strengthened glass can include chemically strengthened, heat strengthened, and heat tempered glass. Strengthened glass with edges showing indicia of a laser cutting process are also disclosed. The strengthened glass can include an electrochromic film.
B23K 26/40 - Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
C03B 33/02 - Cutting or splitting sheet glassApparatus or machines therefor
B23K 26/38 - Removing material by boring or cutting
E06B 3/66 - Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes in spaced relationship, the panes being permanently secured together, e.g. along the edges
B23K 26/402 - Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved involving non-metallic material, e.g. isolators
C03B 33/09 - Severing cooled glass by thermal shock
A smart driver system for electrochromic devices is provided. The system includes at least one smart driver having one or more processors, memory and a communication module. The at least one smart driver is configurable to couple to or integrate with one or more smart windows having electrochromic devices. The at least one smart driver is configurable to input identification information from a plurality of self-identifying components of a smart window system, including the one or more smart windows, and to self-initialize or self-adjust a plurality of operating parameters for operation of the self-identifying components in accordance with the identification information.
G06K 7/10 - Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensingMethods or arrangements for sensing record carriers by corpuscular radiation
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
G08C 17/02 - Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
H04Q 9/00 - Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
E06B 9/24 - Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshineSimilar screens for privacy or appearance
G06F 3/0484 - Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] for the control of specific functions or operations, e.g. selecting or manipulating an object, an image or a displayed text element, setting a parameter value or selecting a range
57.
Building model generation and intelligent light control for smart windows
A smart window system is provided. The system includes a plurality of smart windows, each having at least one electrochromic window and a plurality of sensors. The system includes a control system coupling the plurality of smart windows and the plurality of sensors. The control system is configured to couple to a network, and configured to generate a building model that includes information regarding the plurality of smart windows and is based on information from the plurality of sensors and information from the network.
A multi-layer device comprising a first substrate and a first electrically conductive layer on a surface thereof, the first electrically conductive layer having a sheet resistance to the flow of electrical current through the first electrically conductive layer that varies as a function of position.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G02F 1/03 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels or Kerr effect
G09G 3/19 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
A smart window-based security system is provided. The system includes a plurality of smart windows, each smart window of the plurality of smart windows having at least one electrochromic window and at least one sensor integrated into the smart window. The plurality of smart windows are coupled together in a system having at least one processor configured to detect a personal or property security threat, such as an intruder or fire based, on information from sensors of the plurality of smart windows.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G08B 13/08 - Mechanical actuation by opening, e.g. of door, of window, of drawer, of shutter, of curtain, of blind
E06B 9/24 - Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshineSimilar screens for privacy or appearance
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
60.
Electrochromic lithium nickel group 4 mixed metal oxides
Multi-layer devices comprising a layer of an electrochromic lithium nickel oxide composition on a first substrate, the lithium nickel oxide composition comprising lithium, nickel and a Group 4 metal selected from titanium, zirconium, hafnium and a combination thereof.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
C09K 9/00 - Tenebrescent materials, i.e. materials for which the range of wavelengths for energy absorption is changed as a result of excitation by some form of energy
61.
Electrochromic multi-layer devices with composite current modulating structure
A multi-layer device comprising a first substrate, a first electrically conductive layer and a first current modulating structure on a surface thereof, the first current modulating structure comprising a composite of a resistive material and a patterned insulating material, the first current modulating structure having a cross-layer resistance to the flow of electrical current through the first current modulating structure that varies as a function of position.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G02F 1/00 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics
G09G 3/19 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
62.
Process for preparing multi-layer electrochromic stacks
Process for forming a multi-layer electrochromic structure, the process comprising depositing a film of a liquid mixture onto a surface of a substrate, and treating the deposited film to form an anodic electrochromic layer, the liquid mixture comprising a continuous phase and a dispersed phase, the dispersed phase comprising metal oxide particles, metal alkoxide particles, metal alkoxide oligomers, gels or particles, or a combination thereof having a number average size of at least 5 nm.
B05D 1/00 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
B05D 3/04 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
B32B 17/10 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
C03C 17/25 - Oxides by deposition from the liquid phase
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
C23C 18/12 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
63.
Tiled electrochromic devices on carrier glass and methods of making the same
A tiled electrochromic (EC) device comprises a carrier glass, a first EC panel laminated to the carrier glass, a second EC panel laminated to the carrier glass, and a seam between the first EC panel and second EC panel. The first and second EC panels comprise an active area, a clear state and a dark state, and the tiled EC device is capable of switching between a clear state and a dark state.
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
An electrochromic multi-layer stack is provided. The multi-layer stack includes an electrochromic multi-layer stack having a first substrate, a first electrically conductive layer, a first electrode layer, an ion conductor layer, a second substrate, a second electrically conductive layer, and a second electrode layer. The multi-layer stack includes a redox element, wherein the redox element is electrically isolated from the first and second electrically conductive layers and the first and second electrode layer and is laterally adjacent to either the first electrically conductive layer and the first electrode, or the second electrically conductive layer and the second electrode layer. A method for controlling an electrochromic device is also provided.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G02F 1/1503 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect caused by oxidation-reduction reactions in organic liquid solutions, e.g. viologen solutions
E06B 3/67 - Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes in spaced relationship, the panes being permanently secured together, e.g. along the edges characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation
E06B 9/24 - Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshineSimilar screens for privacy or appearance
G02F 1/1516 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising organic material
G02F 1/1514 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
66.
Electrochromic multi-layer devices with current modulating structure
A multi-layer device comprising a first substrate, a first electrically conductive layer on a surface thereof, and a first current modulating layer, the first electrically conductive layer having a sheet resistance to the flow of electrical current through the first electrically conductive layer that varies as a function of position.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G02F 1/03 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels or Kerr effect
G09G 3/19 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
B32B 17/06 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
G02F 1/1345 - Conductors connecting electrodes to cell terminals
A method of controlling tint for a plurality of electrochromic devices, performed by a control system, is provided. The method includes receiving a request to change tint level of a plurality of electrochromic devices, and consulting transfer functions for tint level relative to drive for each of the plurality of electrochromic devices, wherein at least one of the plurality of electrochromic devices has a transfer function differing from at least one other of the plurality of electrochromic devices. The method includes driving each of the plurality of electrochromic devices in accordance with the transfer functions, so as to coordinate tint level or rate of change of tint level across the plurality of electrochromic devices.
A smart driver system for electrochromic devices is provided. The system includes at least one smart driver having one or more processors, memory and a communication module. The at least one smart driver is configurable to couple to or integrate with one or more smart windows having electrochromic devices. The at least one smart driver is configurable to input identification information from a plurality of self-identifying components of a smart window system, including the one or more smart windows, and to self-initialize or self-adjust a plurality of operating parameters for operation of the self-identifying components in accordance with the identification information.
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
G06K 7/10 - Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensingMethods or arrangements for sensing record carriers by corpuscular radiation
G08C 17/02 - Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
H04Q 9/00 - Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
E06B 9/24 - Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshineSimilar screens for privacy or appearance
G06F 3/0484 - Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] for the control of specific functions or operations, e.g. selecting or manipulating an object, an image or a displayed text element, setting a parameter value or selecting a range
69.
Tungsten oxide nanostructure thin films for electrochromic devices
A method of manufacturing a thin film is provided. The method includes providing a plurality of crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide particles, size-reducing the crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide particles by grinding to produce crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide nanostructures, and coating the crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide nanostructures onto a substrate to produce a thin film. An electrochromic multi-layer stack is also provided.
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
B05D 1/26 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
A multi-layer device comprising a first substrate and a first electrically conductive layer on a surface thereof, the first electrically conductive layer having a sheet resistance to the flow of electrical current through the first electrically conductive layer that varies as a function of position.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
G02F 1/1514 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
An electrochromic device, with an external power supply configured to supply a limited amount of power to the electrochromic device and a boost circuit power supply that is local to the electrochromic device and configured to supply power to the electrochromic device that is larger than the limited amount of power supplied by the external power supply is provided.
H02J 1/08 - Three-wire systemsSystems having more than three wires
G05F 1/563 - Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices including two stages of regulation, at least one of which is output level responsive, e.g. coarse and fine regulation
E06B 9/24 - Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshineSimilar screens for privacy or appearance
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
72.
Electrochromic multi-layer devices with cross-linked ion conducting polymer
C08K 5/43 - Compounds containing sulfur bound to nitrogen
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
02 - Paints, varnishes, lacquers
06 - Common metals and ores; objects made of metal
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
19 - Non-metallic building materials
21 - HouseHold or kitchen utensils, containers and materials; glassware; porcelain; earthenware
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Glass coatings; glass sealers; anti-reflective coatings for glass; sealant coatings and inks in the nature of coatings, all for use on glass. Tint laminations; tints, coatings, paints, varnishes and lacquers, all for use with glass. Electrochromic metal interior partition windows; for use as part of a light management system for buildings. Electronic controllers for adjusting and controlling glass panels; electronic controllers for adjusting and controlling insulated glass units; glass covered with an electrical conductor; solar glass and solar glassware for scientific, industrial, testing, and photovoltaic uses, namely, glass with embedded solar cells and incorporated solar cells for use as solar cells, and use as solar panels for the production of electricity; protective glass carrying an electrically conducting layer on one or two faces, namely, glass sheets provided with an electrically conducting coating, for use in the manufacture of photovoltaics, flat panel display screens, electronic and electrochromic devices; electric meters including electric rechargeable energy meters; electric solar energy meters; energy level indicators, namely, solar energy indicators; electric power controllers; charge regulators, namely, voltage regulators; diodes; cathodic protection apparatus, namely, anodes, cathodes, power supplies, dry cells, wet cells, photovoltaic cells, electronic power monitors, test stations for electrical current, electronic recorders for storing and archiving information related to power system faults; probes for testing electrical current and testing stored energy reserves and computers; electrodes; solar glass transparent electrodes for microcrystalline, polycrystalline and monocrystalline photovoltaic cells; electrochromic window control systems consisting of a window that can be controlled wirelessly from a remote location; electrochromic window control systems consisting of a window that can be controlled with a window driver through wired connectivity; electrochromic window control systems consisting of a power distributing box, a window, window driver, driver cabinet, power supply cabinet, and user interfaces, namely, wall keypads, web consoles, web dashboards, wall interfaces, and smart phones; electrochromic window control systems consisting of integrated software for control within the window; software applications for use on computers and hand-held devices to control electrochromic windows from a remote location; electronic devices, namely window drivers and system gateway and computer software that allow users to remotely interact with electrochromic window systems; electronic devices, namely window drivers and system gateway, and computer software that allow the sharing and transmission of data and information between devices for the purposes of facilitating electrochromic window control; electrochromic window control systems consisting of wireless connectivity in the nature of Ethernet routers to the internet to access software updates, installation, user authentication, remote security, and instructions for use; electronic devices, namely window drivers and system gateways; computer software for installation, optimization, and diagnostic analysis of an electrochromic window control system; electrochromic window control systems consisting of a web dashboard for commercial use for the management of data collection, data reporting, system performance, energy use and savings; downloadable software for access by third parties to an electronic window control system; hardware and software for the integration of electrochromic windows with vehicles, boats, vessels, and train control systems; downloadable software for energy efficiency analysis and usage optimization of an electrochromic window control system. Glass windows for vehicles; automobile sunroofs; mirrors for vehicles, namely, rear view mirrors and side view mirrors. Window glass, namely, glass panels for building construction; residential and commercial building glass; insulated and non-insulated glass units with electrochromic coating for windows used in building construction; building materials, namely, electrochromic glass and insulated glass units; residential and commercial non-metal building materials, namely, windows, window frames, doors, door frames, skylights, building partitions, and wall panels; glass tiles and tiles of glass agglomerates for covering floors, walls and ceilings; textured glass for building use in solar energy facilities; panels, sheets, plates, panes, tiles, rods, and tubes, all of glass or reinforced glass for building; decorative glass and glass moldings for building; colored sheet glass for building; security glass panels for building; insulating glass; deflecting glass, namely, heat deflecting glass and light deflecting glass for building; articles of plate glass, namely, tempered, convex and silvered glass assembled to form glazing and laminated glazing for use in building construction; glass having semi-reflecting properties for building; laminated flat glass, flat glass sheets, and glass sheets used for building; clear and extra clear glass sheets used for building; solar control, low emissivity, and coated glass sheets used in building; glazing glass for building; glass glazing units in the nature of glass and insulated glass for building construction purposes; glass incorporating electronic and solar modules for construction, insulating glass, and safety glass as windows, replacement windows, building facade elements, roofs, and roof elements; electrochromic non-metal windows; electrochromic vinyl windows; electrochromic non-metal interior partition windows; non-metal skylights made of electrochromic glass; non-metal sliding doors made of electrochromic glass; all the aforesaid being part of a light management system for buildings. Unfinished glass for use in windows, sunroofs, mirrors, solar panels, side panels, parts and accessories for vehicles, aircraft, vessels, trains, and other apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water; Unworked or semi-worked glass for use in the manufacture of vehicle windows, sunroofs, mirrors, solar panels, side panels, parts and accessories for vehicles, aircraft, vessels, trains, and other apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water; partly wrought textured glass for the use in the manufacture of solar energy units. Installation, maintenance and repair services for glass units for windows; providing information regarding the maintenance care, installation, and repair of glass units for windows; consultation services regarding the maintenance care, installation, and repair of glass units for windows. Treatment of materials, namely, glass materials; processing and finishing of glass; glass tinting, tempering, polishing, etching, and grinding; custom manufacture of solar and electrical power structures and related energy products, namely, electrochromic glass, glass walls, windows, doors, glass railings, glazing, moveable panel systems, control and automation systems for use in building, thermal blinds, thermal shades, thermal shutters, moveable insulation panels for exterior and interior windows, electrical wire management and organizing systems and replacement parts therefor; custom manufacture of solar and electrical power structures and related energy products, namely, temperature and humidity controlled chambers, fiberglass reinforced panels and structural insulated panels, insulation materials, aerogels for use in the further manufacture of windows, skylights, solariums, insulated glazing, wall panels, solar photovoltaic panels and systems and components, and photo luminescent skylights and components; information, consultancy and advisory services relating to all the aforesaid. Product research and development; consulting services in the fields of glass design technology, glass design, energy efficiency, and building materials design; scientific research and development; product development, research, design, engineering, inspection, and testing of glass, glass structures, and products that use glass, for identifying performance characteristics, building integrity, structural integrity, thermal performance, infiltration, impact rating, glass performance, acoustical testing, and blast rating; custom design of solar and electrical power structures and related energy products, namely, electrochromic glass, glass walls, windows, doors, glass railings, glazing, moveable panel systems, control and automation systems for use in building construction, thermal blinds, thermal shades, thermal shutters, moveable insulation panels for exterior and interior windows, electrical wire management and organizing systems and replacement parts therefor; custom design of temperature and humidity controlled chambers, fiberglass reinforced panels and structural insulated panels, insulation materials, aerogels for use in the further manufacture of windows, skylights, solariums, insulated glazing, wall panels, solar photovoltaic panels and systems and components, and photo luminescent skylights and components; information, consultancy and advisory services relating to all the aforesaid.
Window glass, namely, glass panels for building construction; Residential and commercial building glass; Insulated and non-insulated glass units with electrochromic coating for windows used in building construction; Building materials, namely, electrochromic glass and insulated glass units; residential and commercial non-metal building materials, namely, windows, window frames, doors, door frames, skylights, building partitions, and wall panels; insulating glass; laminated flat glass, flat glass sheets, and glass sheets used for building; clear and extra clear glass sheets used for building; solar control, low emissivity, and coated glass sheets used in building; glazing glass for building; glass incorporating electronic and solar modules for construction, insulating glass, and safety glass as windows; electrochromic non-metal windows; electrochromic vinyl windows; electrochromic non-metal interior partition windows; non-metal skylights made of electrochromic glass; non-metal sliding doors made of electrochromic glass
A method for controlling an electrochromic device is provided. The method includes applying a constant supply current to the electrochromic device and determining an amount of charge transferred to the electrochromic device, as a function of time and current supplied to the electrochromic device. The method includes ceasing the applying the constant supply current, responsive to a sense voltage reaching a sense voltage limit and applying one of a variable voltage or a variable current to the electrochromic device to maintain the sense voltage at the sense voltage limit, responsive to the sense voltage reaching the sense voltage limit. The method includes terminating the applying the variable voltage or the variable current to the electrochromic device, responsive to the determined amount of charge reaching a target amount of charge.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
02 - Paints, varnishes, lacquers
06 - Common metals and ores; objects made of metal
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
19 - Non-metallic building materials
21 - HouseHold or kitchen utensils, containers and materials; glassware; porcelain; earthenware
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Glass coatings; glass sealers; anti-reflective coatings for glass; sealant coatings and inks in the nature of coatings, all for use on glass. Tint laminations; tints, coatings, paints, varnishes and lacquers, all for use with glass. Electrochromic metal interior partition windows; for use as part of a light management system for buildings. Electronic controllers for adjusting and controlling glass panels; electronic controllers for adjusting and controlling insulated glass units; glass covered with an electrical conductor; solar glass and solar glassware for scientific, industrial, testing, and photovoltaic uses, namely, glass with embedded solar cells and incorporated solar cells for use as solar cells, and for use as solar panels for the production of electricity; protective glass carrying an electrically conducting layer on one or two faces, namely, glass sheets provided with an electrically conducting coating, for use in the manufacture of photovoltaics, flat panel display screens, electronic and electrochromic devices; electric meters; electric rechargeable energy meters; electric solar energy meters; energy level indicators, namely, solar energy indicators; electric power controllers; charge regulators, namely, voltage regulators; diodes; cathodic protection apparatus, namely, anodes, cathodes, power supplies, dry cells, wet cells, photovoltaic cells, electronic power monitors, test stations for electrical current, electronic recorders for storing and archiving information related to power system faults; probes for testing electrical current and testing stored energy reserves and computers; electrodes; solar glass transparent electrodes for microcrystalline, polycrystalline and monocrystalline photovoltaic cells; electrochromic window control systems consisting of a window that can be controlled wirelessly from a remote location; electrochromic window control systems consisting of a window that can be controlled with a window driver through wired connectivity; electrochromic window control systems consisting of a power distributing box, a window, window driver, driver cabinet, power supply cabinet, and user interfaces, namely, wall keypads, web consoles, web dashboards, wall interfaces, and smart phones; electrochromic window control systems consisting of integrated software for control within the window; software applications for use on computers and hand-held devices to control electrochromic windows from a remote location; electronic devices, namely window drivers and system gateway and computer software that allow users to remotely interact with electrochromic window systems; electronic devices, namely window drivers and system gateway, and computer software that allow the sharing and transmission of data and information between devices for the purposes of facilitating electrochromic window control; electrochromic window control systems consisting of wireless connectivity in the nature of Ethernet routers to the internet to access software updates, installation, user authentication, remote security, and instructions for use; electronic devices, namely window drivers and system gateway; computer software for installation, optimization, and diagnostic analysis of an electrochromic window control systems; electrochromic window control systems consisting of a web dashboard for commercial use for the management of data collection, data reporting, system performance, energy use and savings; downloadable software for access by third parties to an electronic window control system; hardware and software for the integration of electrochromic windows with vehicles, boats, vessels, and train control systems; downloadable software for energy efficiency analysis and usage optimisation of an electrochromic window control system. Glass windows for vehicles; automobile sunroofs; mirrors for vehicles; rear view mirrors and side view mirrors for vehicles. Window glass, namely, glass panels for building construction; residential and commercial building glass; insulated and non-insulated glass units with electrochromic coating for windows used in building construction; building materials, namely, electrochromic glass and insulated glass units; residential and commercial non-metal building materials, namely, windows, window frames, doors, door frames, skylights, building partitions, and wall panels; glass tiles and tiles of glass agglomerates for covering floors, walls and ceilings; textured glass for building use in solar energy facilities; panels, sheets, plates, panes, tiles, rods, and tubes, all of glass or reinforced glass for building; decorative glass and glass moldings for building; colored sheet glass for building; security glass panels for building; insulating glass; deflecting glass, namely, heat deflecting glass and light deflecting glass for building; articles of plate glass, namely, tempered, convex and silvered glass assembled to form glazing and laminated glazing for use in building construction; glass having semi-reflecting properties for building; laminated flat glass, flat glass sheets, and glass sheets used for building; clear and extra clear glass sheets used for building; solar control, low emissivity, and coated glass sheets used in building; glazing glass for building; glass glazing units in the nature of glass and insulated glass for building construction purposes; glass incorporating electronic and solar modules for construction; insulating glass, and safety glass as windows, replacement windows, building facade elements, roofs, and roof elements; electrochromic non-metal windows; electrochromic vinyl windows; electrochromic non-metal interior partition windows; non-metal skylights made of electrochromic glass; non-metal sliding doors made of electrochromic glass; all the aforesaid being part of a light management system for buildings. Unfinished glass for use in windows, sunroofs, mirrors, solar panels, side panels, parts and accessories for vehicles, aircraft, vessels, trains, and other apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water; unworked or semi-worked glass for use in the manufacture of vehicle windows, sunroofs, mirrors, solar panels, side panels, parts and accessories for vehicles, aircraft, vessels, trains, and other apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water; partly wrought textured glass for the use in the manufacture of solar energy units. Installation, maintenance and repair services for glass units for windows; providing information regarding the maintenance care, installation, and repair of glass units for windows; consultation services regarding the maintenance care, installation, and repair of glass units for windows. Treatment of materials, namely, glass materials; processing and finishing of glass; glass tinting, tempering, polishing, etching, and grinding; custom manufacture of solar and electrical power structures and related energy products, namely, electrochromic glass, glass walls, windows, doors, glass railings, glazing, moveable panel systems, control and automation systems for use in building, thermal blinds, thermal shades, thermal shutters, moveable insulation panels for exterior and interior windows, electrical wire management and organizing systems and replacement parts therefor; custom manufacture of solar and electrical power structures and related energy products, namely, temperature and humidity controlled chambers, fiberglass reinforced panels and structural insulated panels, insulation materials, aerogels for use in the further manufacture of windows, skylights, solariums, insulated glazing, wall panels, solar photovoltaic panels and systems and components, and photo luminescent skylights and components; information, consultancy and advisory services relating to all the aforesaid. Product research and development; consulting services in the fields of glass design technology, glass design, energy efficiency, and building materials design; scientific research and development; product development, research, design, engineering, inspection, and testing of glass, glass structures, and products that use glass, for identifying performance characteristics, building integrity, structural integrity, thermal performance, infiltration, impact rating, glass performance, acoustical testing, and blast rating; custom design of solar and electrical power structures and related energy products, namely, electrochromic glass, glass walls, windows, doors, glass railings, glazing, moveable panel systems, control and automation systems for use in building construction, thermal blinds, thermal shades, thermal shutters, moveable insulation panels for exterior and interior windows, electrical wire management and organising systems and replacement parts therefor; custom design of temperature and humidity controlled chambers, fiberglass reinforced panels and structural insulated panels, insulation materials, aerogels for use in the further manufacture of windows, skylights, solariums, insulated glazing, wall panels, solar photovoltaic panels and systems and components, and photo luminescent skylights and components; information, consultancy and advisory services relating to all the aforesaid.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
02 - Paints, varnishes, lacquers
06 - Common metals and ores; objects made of metal
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
19 - Non-metallic building materials
21 - HouseHold or kitchen utensils, containers and materials; glassware; porcelain; earthenware
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Glass coatings; glass sealers; anti-reflective coatings for glass; sealant coatings and inks in the nature of coatings, all for use on glass. Tint laminations; tints, coatings, paints, varnishes and lacquers, all for use with glass. Electrochromic metal interior partition windows; for use as part of a light management system for buildings. Electronic controllers for adjusting and controlling glass panels; electronic controllers for adjusting and controlling insulated glass units; glass covered with an electrical conductor; solar glass and solar glassware for scientific, industrial, testing, and photovoltaic uses, namely, glass with embedded solar cells and incorporated solar cells for use as solar cells, and for use as solar panels for the production of electricity; protective glass carrying an electrically conducting layer on one or two faces, namely, glass sheets provided with an electrically conducting coating, for use in the manufacture of photovoltaics, flat panel display screens, electronic and electrochromic devices; electric meters; electric rechargeable energy meters; electric solar energy meters; energy level indicators, namely, solar energy indicators; electric power controllers; charge regulators, namely, voltage regulators; diodes; cathodic protection apparatus, namely, anodes, cathodes, power supplies, dry cells, wet cells, photovoltaic cells, electronic power monitors, test stations for electrical current, electronic recorders for storing and archiving information related to power system faults; probes for testing electrical current and testing stored energy reserves and computers; electrodes; solar glass transparent electrodes for microcrystalline, polycrystalline and monocrystalline photovoltaic cells; electrochromic window control systems consisting of a window that can be controlled wirelessly from a remote location; electrochromic window control systems consisting of a window that can be controlled with a window driver through wired connectivity; electrochromic window control systems consisting of a power distributing box, a window, window driver, driver cabinet, power supply cabinet, and user interfaces, namely, wall keypads, web consoles, web dashboards, wall interfaces, and smart phones; electrochromic window control systems consisting of integrated software for control within the window; software applications for use on computers and hand-held devices to control electrochromic windows from a remote location; electronic devices, namely window drivers and system gateway and computer software that allow users to remotely interact with electrochromic window systems; electronic devices, namely window drivers and system gateway, and computer software that allow the sharing and transmission of data and information between devices for the purposes of facilitating electrochromic window control; electrochromic window control systems consisting of wireless connectivity in the nature of Ethernet routers to the internet to access software updates, installation, user authentication, remote security, and instructions for use; electronic devices, namely window drivers and system gateway; computer software for installation, optimization, and diagnostic analysis of an electrochromic window control systems; electrochromic window control systems consisting of a web dashboard for commercial use for the management of data collection, data reporting, system performance, energy use and savings; downloadable software for access by third parties to an electronic window control system; hardware and software for the integration of electrochromic windows with vehicles, boats, vessels, and train control systems; downloadable software for energy efficiency analysis and usage optimisation of an electrochromic window control system. Glass windows for vehicles; automobile sunroofs; mirrors for vehicles; rear view mirrors and side view mirrors for vehicles. Window glass, namely, glass panels for building construction; residential and commercial building glass; insulated and non-insulated glass units with electrochromic coating for windows used in building construction; building materials, namely, electrochromic glass and insulated glass units; residential and commercial non-metal building materials, namely, windows, window frames, doors, door frames, skylights, building partitions, and wall panels; glass tiles and tiles of glass agglomerates for covering floors, walls and ceilings; textured glass for building use in solar energy facilities; panels, sheets, plates, panes, tiles, rods, and tubes, all of glass or reinforced glass for building; decorative glass and glass moldings for building; colored sheet glass for building; security glass panels for building; insulating glass; deflecting glass, namely, heat deflecting glass and light deflecting glass for building; articles of plate glass, namely, tempered, convex and silvered glass assembled to form glazing and laminated glazing for use in building construction; glass having semi-reflecting properties for building; laminated flat glass, flat glass sheets, and glass sheets used for building; clear and extra clear glass sheets used for building; solar control, low emissivity, and coated glass sheets used in building; glazing glass for building; glass glazing units in the nature of glass and insulated glass for building construction purposes; glass incorporating electronic and solar modules for construction; insulating glass, and safety glass as windows, replacement windows, building facade elements, roofs, and roof elements; electrochromic non-metal windows; electrochromic vinyl windows; electrochromic non-metal interior partition windows; non-metal skylights made of electrochromic glass; non-metal sliding doors made of electrochromic glass; all the aforesaid being part of a light management system for buildings. Unfinished glass for use in windows, sunroofs, mirrors, solar panels, side panels, parts and accessories for vehicles, aircraft, vessels, trains, and other apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water; unworked or semi-worked glass for use in the manufacture of vehicle windows, sunroofs, mirrors, solar panels, side panels, parts and accessories for vehicles, aircraft, vessels, trains, and other apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water; partly wrought textured glass for the use in the manufacture of solar energy units. Installation, maintenance and repair services for glass units for windows; providing information regarding the maintenance care, installation, and repair of glass units for windows; consultation services regarding the maintenance care, installation, and repair of glass units for windows. Treatment of materials, namely, glass materials; processing and finishing of glass; glass tinting, tempering, polishing, etching, and grinding; custom manufacture of solar and electrical power structures and related energy products, namely, electrochromic glass, glass walls, windows, doors, glass railings, glazing, moveable panel systems, control and automation systems for use in building, thermal blinds, thermal shades, thermal shutters, moveable insulation panels for exterior and interior windows, electrical wire management and organizing systems and replacement parts therefor; custom manufacture of solar and electrical power structures and related energy products, namely, temperature and humidity controlled chambers, fiberglass reinforced panels and structural insulated panels, insulation materials, aerogels for use in the further manufacture of windows, skylights, solariums, insulated glazing, wall panels, solar photovoltaic panels and systems and components, and photo luminescent skylights and components; information, consultancy and advisory services relating to all the aforesaid. Product research and development; consulting services in the fields of glass design technology, glass design, energy efficiency, and building materials design; scientific research and development; product development, research, design, engineering, inspection, and testing of glass, glass structures, and products that use glass, for identifying performance characteristics, building integrity, structural integrity, thermal performance, infiltration, impact rating, glass performance, acoustical testing, and blast rating; custom design of solar and electrical power structures and related energy products, namely, electrochromic glass, glass walls, windows, doors, glass railings, glazing, moveable panel systems, control and automation systems for use in building construction, thermal blinds, thermal shades, thermal shutters, moveable insulation panels for exterior and interior windows, electrical wire management and organising systems and replacement parts therefor; custom design of temperature and humidity controlled chambers, fiberglass reinforced panels and structural insulated panels, insulation materials, aerogels for use in the further manufacture of windows, skylights, solariums, insulated glazing, wall panels, solar photovoltaic panels and systems and components, and photo luminescent skylights and components; information, consultancy and advisory services relating to all the aforesaid.
A smart window-based security system is provided. The system includes a plurality of smart windows, each smart window of the plurality of smart windows having at least one electrochromic window and at least one sensor integrated into the smart window. The plurality of smart windows are coupled together in a system having at least one processor configured to detect a personal or property security threat, such as an intruder or fire based, on information from sensors of the plurality of smart windows.
An electrochromic device is provided. The device includes a substrate and an electrochromic stack on the substrate. The stack includes a first set of bus bars, a first transparent conductive layer, at least one electrochromic layer, a second transparent conductive layer, and a second set of bus bars, wherein at least one of the first transparent conductive layer or the second transparent conductive layer includes resistivity that varies by horizontal location according to a resistivity profile. In some embodiments the resistivity profile has a vertical component that may or may not be in addition to the horizontal component. Various embodiments of these materials can be tuned as to profiles of vertical resistance and horizontal sheet resistance.
06 - Common metals and ores; objects made of metal
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
19 - Non-metallic building materials
21 - HouseHold or kitchen utensils, containers and materials; glassware; porcelain; earthenware
35 - Advertising and business services
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Laminated plastic films for use on windows; Glass sealants for windows; tints, namely colourants for use in the manufacture of glass; tinted plastic films for use on windows; Anti-reflective coatings for window glass; ink for colouring window glass
(2) Electronic controller for adjusting and controlling glass panels; Electronic controllers for adjusting and controlling the tint of insulated window glass; Glass having a transparent conductive coating; Solar glass and solar glassware for scientific, industrial, testing, and photovoltaic uses, namely, glass with embedded solar cells and incorporated solar cells for use as solar cells, and use as solar panels for the production of electricity; protective glass carrying an electrically conducting layer on one or two faces, namely, glass sheets provided with an electrically conducting coating, for use in the manufacture of photovoltaics, flat panel display screens, electronic and electrochromic devices; electric meters namely electric rechargeable energy meters; electric solar energy meters; energy level indicators, namely, solar energy indicators; electric power controllers; charge regulators, namely, voltage regulators; cathodic protection apparatus, namely, anodes, cathodes, power supplies, dry cells, wet cells, photovoltaic cells, electronic power monitors, test stations for electrical current, electronic recorders for storing and archiving information related to power system faults; probes for testing electrical current and testing stored energy reserves and computers; electrodes, namely, solar glass transparent electrodes for microcrystalline, polycrystalline and monocrystalline photovoltaic cells; electrochromic window control system consisting of a window that can be controlled wirelessly from a remote location; electrochromic window control system consisting of a window that can be controlled with a window driver through wired connectivity; electrochromic window control system including a window, window driver, driver cabinet, power distributor, power supply cabinet, and user interfaces, namely, wall keypads, web consoles, web dashboards, wall interfaces, and smart phones; electrochromic window control system consisting of integrated software for control within the window; software application for use on computers and hand-held devices to control electrochromic windows from a remote location. Electronic devices and computer software that allow users to remotely interact with electrochromic window systems; electronic devices and computer software that allow the sharing and transmission of instructions for tinting windows between devices for the purposes of facilitating electrochromic window control; electrochromic window control system consisting of wireless connectivity to the internet to access software updates, installation, user authentication, remote security, and instructions for use; Electronic devices and computer software for installation, optimization, and diagnostic analysis of an electrochromic window control system; electrochromic window control system including a web dashboard for commercial use for the management of data collection, data reporting, system performance, energy use and savings; downloadable software for access by third parties to an electronic window control system; hardware and software for the integration of electrochromic windows with vehicles, boats, vessels, and train control systems; downloadable software for energy efficiency analysis and usage optimization of an electrochromic window control system
(3) Glass windows for vehicles; Automobile sunroofs; mirrors for vehicles, namely, rear view mirrors and side view mirrors, electrochromic windows for vehicles, boats, and trains
(4) Window glass, namely, glass panels for building construction; Residential and commercial building glass; Insulated and non-insulated glass units with electrochromic coating for windows used in building construction; Building materials, namely, electrochromic glass and insulated glass units; residential and commercial non-metal building materials, namely, windows, window frames, doors, door frames, skylights, building partitions, and wall panels; glass tiles and tiles of glass agglomerates for covering floors, walls and ceilings; textured glass for building use in solar energy facilities; panels, sheets, plates, panes, tiles, rods, and tubes, all of glass or reinforced glass for building; decorative glass and glass moldings for building; colored sheet glass for building; security glass panels for building; insulating glass for building; deflecting glass, namely, heat deflecting glass and light deflecting glass for building; articles of plate glass, namely, tempered, convex and silvered glass assembled to form glazing and laminated glazing for use in building construction; glass having semi-reflecting properties for building; laminated flat glass, flat glass sheets, and glass sheets used for building; clear and extra clear glass sheets used for building; solar control, low emissivity, and coated glass sheets used in building; glazing glass for building; glass glazing units in the nature of glass and insulated glass for building construction purposes; glass incorporating electronic and solar modules for construction, insulating glass, and safety glass as windows, replacement windows, building facade elements, roofs, and roof elements; electrochromic non-metal windows; electrochromic vinyl windows; electrochromic interior partition windows; non-metal skylights made of electrochromic glass; non-metal sliding doors made of electrochromic glass
(5) Unfinished glass for use in windows, sunroofs, mirrors, solar panels, side panels, parts and accessories for vehicles, aircraft, vessels, trains, and other apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water; Unworked or semi-worked glass for use in the manufacture of vehicle windows, sunroofs, mirrors, solar panels, side panels, parts and accessories for vehicles, aircraft, vessels, trains, and other apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water; partly wrought textured glass for the use in the manufacture of solar energy units (1) Installation, maintenance and repair services for glass units for windows; Providing information regarding the maintenance care, installation, and repair of glass units for windows; consultation services regarding the maintenance care, installation, and repair of glass units for windows; Installation, maintenance and repair services for electrochromic window control systems
(2) Treatment of materials, namely, glass materials; Glass tinting, tempering, polishing, etching, and grinding; custom manufacture of solar and electrical power structures and related energy products, namely, electrochromic glass, glass walls, windows, doors, glass railings, glazing, moveable panel systems, control and automation systems for use in building, thermal blinds, thermal shades, thermal shutters, moveable insulation panels for exterior and interior windows, electrical wire management and organizing systems and replacement parts therefor, temperature and humidity controlled chambers, fiberglass reinforced panels and structural insulated panels, insulation materials, aerogels for use in the further manufacture of windows, skylights, solariums, insulated glazing, wall panels, solar photovoltaic panels and systems and components, and photo luminescent skylights and components
(3) Product research and development; Consulting services in the fields of glass design technology, glass design, energy efficiency, and building materials design; scientific research and development of electrochromic materials, devices, and windows; product development, research, design, engineering, inspection, and testing of glass, glass structures, and products that use glass, for identifying performance characteristics, building integrity, structural integrity, thermal performance, infiltration, impact rating, glass performance, acoustical testing, and blast rating; custom design of solar and electrical power structures and related energy products, namely, electrochromic glass, glass walls, windows, doors, glass railings, glazing, moveable panel systems, control and automation systems for use in building construction, thermal blinds, thermal shades, thermal shutters, moveable insulation panels for exterior and interior windows, electrical wire management and organizing systems and replacement parts therefor; custom design of temperature and humidity controlled chambers, fiberglass reinforced panels and structural insulated panels, insulation materials, aerogels for use in the further manufacture of windows, skylights, solariums, insulated glazing, wall panels, solar photovoltaic panels and systems and components, and photo luminescent skylights and components; software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software for users to remotely interact with electrochromic window systems; software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software that allows the sharing and transmission of instructions for tinting windows, troubleshooting of mechanical and electrical problems with window tinting operations between devices for the purposes of facilitating electrochromic window control; software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software for updates, installation, user authentication, remote security, and instructions for use of an electrochromic window system, software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software for optimization and diagnostic analysis of an electrochromic window control system. Software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software for energy efficiency analysis and usage optimization of an electrochromic window control system. Cloud computing featuring software for users to remotely interact with electrochromic window systems; cloud computing featuring software that allows the sharing and transmission of instructions for tinting windows, troubleshooting of mechanical and electrical problems with window tinting operations between devices for the purposes of facilitating electrochromic window control; cloud computing featuring software for updates, installation, user authentication, remote security, and instructions for use of an electrochromic window system, cloud computing featuring software for optimization and diagnostic analysis of an electrochromic window control system
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
19 - Non-metallic building materials
21 - HouseHold or kitchen utensils, containers and materials; glassware; porcelain; earthenware
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Glass coatings and tint laminations; Glass sealers; Tints, coatings, paints, varnishes and lacquers, all for use with glass; Anti-reflective coatings for glass; sealant coatings and inks in the nature of coatings, all for use on glass. Electronic controller for adjusting and controlling glass panels; Electronic controller for adjusting and controlling insulated glass units; Glass covered with an electrical conductor; Solar panels; Solar glass and solar glassware; Solar glass and solar glassware for scientific, industrial, testing, and photovoltaic uses, namely, glass with embedded solar cells and incorporated solar cells for use as solar cells, and use as solar panels for the production of electricity; electrically conducting protective glass; protective glass carrying an electrically conducting layer on one or two faces, namely, glass sheets provided with an electrically conducting coating, for use in the manufacture of photovoltaics, flat panel display screens, electronic and electrochromic devices; electric meters; electric rechargeable energy meters; electric solar energy meters; energy level indicators; solar energy indicators; electric power controllers; charge regulators; voltage regulators; diodes; cathodic protection apparatus; anodes; cathodes; power supplies; dry cells; wet cells; photovoltaic cells; electronic power monitors; test stations for electrical current; electronic recorders for storing and archiving information related to power system faults; probes for testing electrical current; probes for testing stored energy reserves and computers; electrodes; solar glass transparent electrodes for microcrystalline, polycrystalline and monocrystalline photovoltaic cells; electrochromic window control systems; electrochromic window control system consisting of a window that can be controlled wirelessly from a remote location; electrochromic window control system consisting of a window that can be controlled with a window driver through wired connectivity; electrochromic window control system including a window, window driver, driver cabinet, power distributor, power supply cabinet, and user interfaces, namely, wall keypads, web consoles, web dashboards, wall interfaces, and smart phones; electrochromic window control system consisting of integrated software for control within the window; software applications for use on computers and hand-held devices; software applications for use on computers and hand-held devices to control electrochromic windows from a remote location; electronic devices and computer software that allow users to remotely interact with electrochromic window systems; electronic devices and computer software that allow the sharing and transmission of data and information between devices for the purposes of facilitating electrochromic window control; electrochromic window control system consisting of wireless connectivity to the internet to access software updates, installation, user authentication, remote security; electronic devices and computer software for installation, optimization, and diagnostic analysis of an electrochromic window control system; electrochromic window control system including a web dashboard for commercial use for the management of data collection, data reporting, system performance, energy use and savings; downloadable software for access by third parties to an electronic window control system; hardware and software for the integration of electrochromic windows with vehicles, boats, vessels, and train control systems; downloadable software for energy efficiency analysis and usage optimization of an electrochromic window control system. Glass windows for vehicles; automobile sunroofs; mirrors for vehicles; mirrors for vehicles, namely, rear view mirrors and side view mirrors; electrochromic windows for vehicles, boats, and trains. Glass panels; building glass; protective glass; layered glass; window glass, namely, glass panels for building construction; residential and commercial building glass; insulated and non-insulated glass units with electrochromic coating for windows used in building construction; building materials, namely, electrochromic glass and insulated glass units; residential and commercial non-metal building materials; windows; window frames; doors; door frames; skylights; building partitions; wall panels; glass tiles and tiles of glass agglomerates for covering floors, walls and ceilings; textured glass for building use in solar energy facilities; panels, sheets, plates, panes, tiles, rods, and tubes, all of glass or reinforced glass for building; decorative glass and glass moldings for building; colored sheet glass for building; security glass panels for building; insulating glass; deflecting glass; heat deflecting glass and light deflecting glass for building; articles of plate glass, namely, tempered, convex and silvered glass assembled to form glazing and laminated glazing for use in building construction; glass having semi-reflecting properties for building; laminated flat glass, flat glass sheets, and glass sheets used for building; clear and extra clear glass sheets used for building; solar control, low emissivity, and coated glass sheets used in building; glazing glass for building; glass glazing units in the nature of glass and insulated glass for building construction purposes; glass incorporating electronic and solar modules for construction; insulating glass and safety glass as windows, replacement windows, building facade elements, roofs, and roof elements; electrochromic non-metal windows; electrochromic vinyl windows; electrochromic interior partition windows; non-metal skylights made of electrochromic glass; non-metal sliding doors made of electrochromic glass; all the aforesaid being part of a light management system for buildings. Unfinished glass; semi-worked glass; unfinished glass for use in windows, sunroofs, mirrors, solar panels, side panels, parts and accessories for vehicles, aircraft, vessels, trains, and other apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water; Unworked or semi-worked glass for use in the manufacture of vehicle windows, sunroofs, mirrors, solar panels, side panels, parts and accessories for vehicles, aircraft, vessels, trains, and other apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water; partly wrought textured glass for the use in the manufacture of solar energy units. Installation, maintenance and repair services for glass units for windows; Providing information regarding the maintenance care, installation, and repair of glass units for windows; consultation services regarding the maintenance care, installation, and repair of glass units for windows; Installation, maintenance and repair services for electrochromic window control systems. Treatment of materials, namely, glass materials; Processing and finishing of glass; Glass tinting, tempering, polishing, etching, and grinding; custom manufacture of solar and electrical power structures and related energy products; custom manufacture of electrochromic glass, glass walls, windows, doors, glass railings, glazing, moveable panel systems, control and automation systems for use in buildings; custom manufacture of thermal blinds, thermal shades, thermal shutters, moveable insulation panels for exterior and interior windows, electrical wire management and organizing systems and replacement parts therefor; custom manufacture of temperature and humidity controlled chambers, fiberglass reinforced panels and structural insulated panels, insulation materials, aerogels for use in the further manufacture of windows, skylights, solariums, insulated glazing, wall panels, solar photovoltaic panels and systems and components, and photo luminescent skylights and components; information and advisory services relating to all the aforesaid. Product research and development; Consulting services in the fields of glass design technology, glass design, energy efficiency, and building materials design; scientific research and development; product development, research, design, engineering, inspection, and testing of glass, glass structures, and products that use glass, for identifying performance characteristics, building integrity, structural integrity, thermal performance, infiltration, impact rating, glass performance, acoustical testing, and blast rating; custom design of solar and electrical power structures and related energy products; custom design of electrochromic glass, glass walls, windows, doors, glass railings, glazing, moveable panel systems, control and automation systems for use in building construction, thermal blinds, thermal shades, thermal shutters, moveable insulation panels for exterior and interior windows, electrical wire management and organizing systems and replacement parts therefor; custom design of temperature and humidity controlled chambers, fiberglass reinforced panels and structural insulated panels, insulation materials, aerogels for use in the further manufacture of windows, skylights, solariums, insulated glazing, wall panels, solar photovoltaic panels and systems and components, and photo luminescent skylights and components; software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software for users to remotely interact with electrochromic window systems; software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software that allows the sharing and transmission of data and information between devices for the purposes of facilitating electrochromic window control; software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software for updates, installation, user authentication, remote security, and instructions for use of an electrochromic window system, software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software for optimization and diagnostic analysis of an electrochromic window control system Software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software for energy efficiency analysis and usage optimization of an electrochromic window control system; Cloud computing featuring software for users to remotely interact with electrochromic window systems; cloud computing featuring software that allows the sharing and transmission of data and information between devices for the purposes of facilitating electrochromic window control; cloud computing featuring software for updates, installation, user authentication, remote security, and instructions for use of an electrochromic window system, cloud computing featuring software for optimization and diagnostic analysis of an electrochromic window control system; information and advisory services relating to all the aforesaid.
Methods for cutting strengthened glass are disclosed. The methods can include using a laser. The strengthened glass can include chemically strengthened, heat strengthened, and heat tempered glass. Strengthened glass with edges showing indicia of a laser cutting process are also disclosed. The strengthened glass can include an electrochromic film.
B23K 26/38 - Removing material by boring or cutting
E06B 3/66 - Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes in spaced relationship, the panes being permanently secured together, e.g. along the edges
B23K 26/40 - Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
B23K 26/402 - Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved involving non-metallic material, e.g. isolators
C03B 33/09 - Severing cooled glass by thermal shock
A distributed device control system is provided. The system includes a plurality of windows, each window of the plurality of windows having at least one electrochromic window, a voltage or current driver for the at least one electrochromic window, and a first control system local to the window. The system includes a plurality of window controllers, each window controller configured to couple to one or more of the plurality of windows and having a second control system, for the one or more of the plurality of windows, local to the window controller. The system includes a command and communication device configured to couple to each of the plurality of window controllers, configured to couple to a network, and having a third control system, for the plurality of windows, wherein control of the plurality of windows is distributed across the plurality of windows, the plurality of window controllers, the command and communication device, and a portion of the network.
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
G09G 3/16 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments by control of light from an independent source
G09G 3/19 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
B60R 1/08 - Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots
E06B 9/24 - Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshineSimilar screens for privacy or appearance
G05B 19/042 - Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
G01R 19/00 - Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
Disclosed is a system, method, and computer program product that employs high dynamic range (HDR) image processing and manipulation algorithms for capturing and measuring real-time sky conditions for processing into control input signals to a building's automated fenestration (AF) system, daylight harvesting (DH) system and HVAC system. The photometer comprises a color camera and a fitted fish-eye lens to capture 360-degree, hemispherical, low dynamic range (LDR) color images of the sky. Both camera and lens are housed in a sealed enclosure protecting them from environmental elements and conditions. In some embodiments the camera and processes are controlled and implemented by a back-end computer.
G05B 13/02 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
Window glass, namely, glass panels for building construction; Residential and commercial building glass; Insulated and non-insulated glass units with electrochromic coating for windows used in building construction; Building materials, namely, electrochromic glass and insulated glass units; residential and commercial non-metal building materials, namely, windows, window frames, doors, door frames, skylights, building partitions, and wall panels; insulating glass; laminated flat glass, flat glass sheets, and glass sheets used for building; clear and extra clear glass sheets used for building; solar control, low emissivity, and coated glass sheets used in building; glazing glass for building; glass incorporating electronic and solar modules for construction, insulating glass, and safety glass as windows; electrochromic non-metal windows; electrochromic vinyl windows; electrochromic non-metal interior partition windows; non-metal skylights made of electrochromic glass; non-metal sliding doors made of electrochromic glass
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Electronic controller for adjusting and controlling glass panels; Electronic controller for adjusting and controlling insulated glass units; electric power controllers; electrochromic window control system consisting of a window that can be controlled wirelessly from a remote location; electrochromic window control system consisting of a window that can be controlled with a window driver through wired connectivity; electrochromic window control system consisting of a power distributing box, a window, window driver, driver cabinet, power supply cabinet, and user interfaces, namely, wall keypads, web consoles, web dashboards, wall interfaces, and smart phones; electrochromic window control system consisting of integrated software for control within the window; software application for use on computers and hand-held devices to control electrochromic windows from a remote location. Electronic devices, namely, window drivers and system gateway and computer software that allow users to remotely interact with electrochromic window systems; electronic devices, namely, window drivers and system gateway, and computer software that allow the sharing and transmission of data and information between devices for the purposes of facilitating electrochromic window control; electrochromic window control system consisting of wireless connectivity in the nature of Ethernet routers to the internet to access software updates, installation, user authentication, remote security, and instructions for use; Electronic devices, namely, window drivers and system gateway, and computer software for installation, optimization, and diagnostic analysis of an electrochromic window control system; electrochromic window control system consisting of a web dashboard for commercial use for the management of data collection, data reporting, system performance, energy use and savings; downloadable software for access by third parties to an electronic window control system; downloadable software for energy efficiency analysis and usage optimization of an electrochromic window control system Installation, maintenance and repair services for glass units for windows; Providing information regarding the maintenance care, installation, and repair of glass units for windows; consultation services regarding the maintenance care, installation, and repair of glass units for windows; Installation, maintenance and repair services for electrochromic window control systems Consulting services in the fields of glass design technology, glass design, energy efficiency, and building materials design; product development, research, design, engineering, inspection, and testing of glass, glass structures, and products that use glass, for identifying performance characteristics, building integrity, structural integrity, thermal performance, infiltration, impact rating, glass performance; custom design of solar and electrical power structures and related energy products, namely, electrochromic glass, glass walls, windows, doors, glass railings, glazing, moveable panel systems, control and automation systems for use in building construction, electrical wire management and organizing systems and replacement parts therefor; software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software for users to remotely interact with electrochromic window systems; software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software that allows the sharing and transmission of data and information between devices for the purposes of facilitating electrochromic window control; software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software for updates, installation, user authentication, remote security, and instructions for use of an electrochromic window system, software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software for optimization and diagnostic analysis of an electrochromic window control system. Software as a service (SAAS) services featuring software for energy efficiency analysis and usage optimization of an electrochromic window control system. Cloud computing featuring software for users to remotely interact with electrochromic window systems; cloud computing featuring software that allows the sharing and transmission of data and information between devices for the purposes of facilitating electrochromic window control; cloud computing featuring software for updates, installation, user authentication, remote security, and instructions for use of an electrochromic window system, cloud computing featuring software for optimization and diagnostic analysis of an electrochromic window control system
A cloud learning system for smart windows is provided. The system includes at least one server configured to couple via a network to a plurality of window systems, each of the plurality of window systems having at least one control system and a plurality of windows with electrochromic windows and sensors, wherein the at least one server includes at least one physical server or at least one virtual server implemented using physical computing resources. The at least one server is configured to gather first information from the plurality of window systems, and configured to gather second information from sources on the network and external to the plurality of window systems. The at least one server is configured to form at least one rule or control algorithm usable by a window system, based on the first information and the second information, and configured to download the at least one rule or control algorithm to at least one of the plurality of window systems.
An electrochromic multi-layer stack is provided. The multi-layer stack includes an electrochromic multi-layer stack having a first substrate, a first electrically conductive layer, a first electrode layer, an ion conductor layer, a second substrate, a second electrically conductive layer, and a second electrode layer. The multi-layer stack includes a redox element, wherein the redox element is electrically isolated from the first and second electrically conductive layers and the first and second electrode layer and is laterally adjacent to either the first electrically conductive layer and the first electrode, or the second electrically conductive layer and the second electrode layer. A method for controlling an electrochromic device is also provided.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
A distributed device control system is provided. The system includes a plurality of windows, each window of the plurality of windows having at least one electrochromic window, a voltage or current driver for the at least one electrochromic window, and a first control system local to the window. The system includes a plurality of window controllers, each window controller configured to couple to one or more of the plurality of windows and having a second control system, for the one or more of the plurality of windows, local to the window controller. The system includes a command and communication device configured to couple to each of the plurality of window controllers, configured to couple to a network, and having a third control system, for the plurality of windows, wherein control of the plurality of windows is distributed across the plurality of windows, the plurality of window controllers, the command and communication device, and a portion of the network.
A method for controlling an electrochromic device is provided. The method includes applying a constant supply current to the electrochromic device and determining an amount of charge transferred to the electrochromic device, as a function of time and current supplied to the electrochromic device. The method includes ceasing the applying the constant supply current, responsive to a sense voltage reaching a sense voltage limit and applying one of a variable voltage or a variable current to the electrochromic device to maintain the sense voltage at the sense voltage limit, responsive to the sense voltage reaching the sense voltage limit. The method includes terminating the applying the variable voltage or the variable current to the electrochromic device, responsive to the determined amount of charge reaching a target amount of charge.
G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G02F 1/163 - Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cellsCircuit arrangements therefor
G09G 3/16 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments by control of light from an independent source
G09G 3/19 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
B60R 1/08 - Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots
A multi-layer device comprising a first substrate, a first electrically conductive layer and a first current modulating structure on a surface thereof, the first current modulating structure comprising a composite of a resistive material and a patterned insulating material, the first current modulating structure having a cross-layer resistance to the flow of electrical current through the first current modulating structure that varies as a function of position.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G02F 1/03 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels or Kerr effect
G09G 3/19 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
A multi-layer device comprising a first substrate and a first electrically conductive layer on a surface thereof, the first electrically conductive layer having a sheet resistance to the flow of electrical current through the first electrically conductive layer that varies as a function of position.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G02F 1/03 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels or Kerr effect
G09G 3/19 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments by control of light from an independent source using electrochromic devices
Multi-layer devices comprising a layer of an electrochromic lithium nickel oxide composition on a first substrate, the lithium nickel oxide composition comprising lithium, nickel and a Group 5 metal selected from niobium, tantalum and a combination thereof.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
94.
Electrochromic lithium nickel group 4 mixed metal oxides
Multi-layer devices comprising a layer of an electrochromic lithium nickel oxide composition on a first substrate, the lithium nickel oxide composition comprising lithium, nickel and a Group 4 metal selected from titanium, zirconium, hafnium and a combination thereof.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
C09K 9/00 - Tenebrescent materials, i.e. materials for which the range of wavelengths for energy absorption is changed as a result of excitation by some form of energy
95.
Process for preparing multi-layer electrochromic stacks
Process for forming a multi-layer electrochromic structure, the process comprising depositing a film of a liquid mixture onto a surface of a substrate, and treating the deposited film to form an anodic electrochromic layer, the liquid mixture comprising a continuous phase and a dispersed phase, the dispersed phase comprising metal oxide particles, metal alkoxide particles, metal alkoxide oligomers, gels or particles, or a combination thereof having a number average size of at least 5 nm.
B05D 1/00 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
B05D 3/04 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
B32B 17/10 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
C03C 17/25 - Oxides by deposition from the liquid phase
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
C23C 18/12 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
96.
Wet-coating of thin film lithium nickel oxides for electrochromic applications
Process for forming a multi-layer electrochromic structure, the process comprising depositing a film of a liquid mixture onto a surface of a substrate, and treating the deposited film to form an anodic electrochromic layer, the liquid mixture comprising a continuous phase and a dispersed phase, the dispersed phase comprising metal oxide particles, metal hydroxide particles, metal alkoxide particles, metal alkoxide oligomers, gels or particles, or a combination thereof having a number average size of at least 5 nm.
G02F 1/1523 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
C23C 18/12 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
B05D 1/00 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
B05D 3/04 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
Methods for cutting strengthened glass are disclosed. The methods can include using a laser. The strengthened glass can include chemically strengthened, heat strengthened, and heat tempered glass. Strengthened glass with edges showing indicia of a laser cutting process are also disclosed. The strengthened glass can include an electrochromic film.
C03B 33/09 - Severing cooled glass by thermal shock
B23K 26/38 - Removing material by boring or cutting
E06B 3/66 - Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes in spaced relationship, the panes being permanently secured together, e.g. along the edges
B23K 26/40 - Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
98.
Electrochromic lithium nickel group 6 mixed metal oxides
Multi-layer devices comprising a layer of an electrochromic lithium nickel oxide composition on a first substrate, the lithium nickel oxide composition comprising lithium, nickel and a Group 6 metal selected from molybdenum, tungsten and a combination thereof.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
Multi-layer electrochromic structures comprising an anodic electrochromic layer comprising a lithium nickel oxide composition on a first substrate, the anodic electrochromic layer comprising lithium, nickel and a Group 6 metal selected from molybdenum, tungsten and a combination thereof, wherein (i) the atomic ratio of lithium to the combined amount of nickel, molybdenum, and tungsten in the anodic electrochromic layer is at least 0.4:1, respectively, (ii) the atomic ratio of the combined amount of molybdenum and tungsten to the combined amount of nickel, molybdenum and tungsten in the anodic electrochromic layer is at least about 0.025:1, respectively, and (iii) the anodic electrochromic layer exhibits an interplanar distance (d-spacing) of at least 2.5 Å as measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD), comprises at least 0.05 wt. % carbon, and/or has a coloration efficiency absolute value of at least 19 cm2/C.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
Multi-layer devices comprising a layer of an electrochromic lithium nickel oxide composition on a first substrate, the lithium nickel oxide composition comprising lithium, nickel and a Group 5 metal selected from niobium, tantalum and a combination thereof.
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
