Abstract

A method according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: broadcasting a vehicle announcement protocol (VAP) request message via a communication network including a dispenser for supplying hydrogen to a mobility vehicle on the communication network, the VAP request message including identification information about the mobility vehicle; receiving, from the dispenser, a VAP response message including identification information about the dispenser on the communication network; and authenticating the pairing of the mobility vehicle and the dispenser by using the identification information about the mobility vehicle and the dispenser in the VAP request message and the VAP response message.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 69/16 - Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
• H04L 67/51 - Discovery or management thereof, e.g. service location protocol [SLP] or web services
• H04L 61/5076 - Update or notification mechanisms, e.g. DynDNS
• F17C 5/06 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with compressed gases
• H04L 61/5007 - Internet protocol [IP] addresses
• H04L 101/659 - Internet protocol version 6 [IPv6] addresses

Abstract

A charging communication method for electric mobility charging, according to the present invention, comprises the steps of: an EVCC requesting a grid code related to a BPT function from an EVSE; the EVCC receiving the grid code of a power network from the EVSE; and the EVCC performing, on the basis of the grid code of the EVSE, a subsequent preparation procedure related to the BPT function.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/30 - Constructional details of charging stations
• B60L 55/00 - Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• H04W 4/80 - Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

Disclosed is a wireless charging pad comprising a winding frame, and a coil wound a plurality of times according to a plurality of guides formed on the winding frame, wherein a flow groove extending to two sides from a central portion of the winding frame is formed on the winding frame on the side at which the guides are formed.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 50/10 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
• H01F 27/28 - CoilsWindingsConductive connections
• H01F 27/08 - CoolingVentilating
• B60L 53/12 - Inductive energy transfer
• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

Disclosed is a wireless charging pad comprising: a winding frame; and a coil disposed to surround a central space in the winding frame, wherein the coil is formed by winding a copper flat wire, polyimide films are respectively disposed on first opposite side surfaces of the copper flat wire parallel to a long axis of a cross section of the copper flat wire of the coil, and second opposite side surfaces of the copper flat wire parallel to a short axis of the cross section of the copper flat wire are open.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 50/00 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
• B60L 53/12 - Inductive energy transfer
• B60L 53/38 - Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
• H01F 27/32 - Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
• H01F 27/28 - CoilsWindingsConductive connections

Abstract

This method for bidirectional communication for hydrogen fueling comprises the steps of: negotiating a communication protocol with a dispenser for fueling hydrogen mobility with hydrogen, the communication protocol being negotiated on the basis of interoperability or compatibility-related information checked in advance with the dispenser; negotiating a fueling protocol; negotiating a fueling parameter on the basis of the fueling protocol; and, after hydrogen fueling is started on the basis of the negotiated fueling protocol and the negotiated fueling parameter, monitoring the state of the hydrogen fueling via fueling loop request messages and fueling loop response messages.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 13/38 - Information transfer, e.g. on bus
• G06F 13/14 - Handling requests for interconnection or transfer

Abstract

The present invention relates to a latent heat storage composite, a method for manufacturing same, and an electric heating device comprising same and, more specifically, to a latent heat storage composite, a method for manufacturing method same, and an electric heating device comprising same, wherein the latent heat storage composite comprises: a phase transition composite filler including a phase change material and a surface adsorption material formed on the surface of the phase change material; and a liquid metal matrix, wherein the phase transition composite filler is suspended in the liquid metal matrix and has viscoelastic properties while having excellent latent heat storage capacity and high thermal and electrical conductivity.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 5/14 - Solid materials, e.g. powdery or granular
• C09K 5/06 - Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice-versa
• F28D 20/02 - Heat storage plants or apparatus in generalRegenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups or using latent heat

Abstract

The present invention provides a communication method for constructing a new VAS environment so that a legacy charger supporting a charging service in V2G communication can provide an EV with a supported providers list (SPL), and an apparatus using same. The communication method by an SECC comprises the steps of: receiving, from an EV, a request message for a service list of a charging service; providing the EV with the service list including a first service identifier of a dedicated VAS for providing an SPL for an EMSP; receiving, from the EV, a request message for parameters of the dedicated VAS; and providing the EV with at least one service parameter set for the SPL supporting the dedicated VAS.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/30 - Constructional details of charging stations
• B60L 55/00 - Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements

Abstract

A charging communication method for electric mobility charging according to the present invention includes the steps in which: an EVCC discovers a first EVSE within a range by using a first communication technology; the EVCC acquires information for positioning electric mobility to a charging position for receiving power supplied from the first EVSE by using a second communication technology; the EVCC performs communication connection and pairing with an SECC of the first EVSE by using the first communication technology after the electric mobility is positioned at the charging position.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/30 - Constructional details of charging stations
• H04W 4/44 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for communication between vehicles and infrastructures, e.g. vehicle-to-cloud [V2C] or vehicle-to-home [V2H]
• H04W 4/80 - Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
• H04W 4/40 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]

Abstract

A method according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: discovering a dispenser for supplying hydrogen fuel to a mobility, allowing pairing information to be shared between the mobility and the dispenser, and pairing the mobility and the dispenser; on the basis of interoperability- or compatibility-related information between the mobility and the dispenser, allowing, between the mobility and the dispenser, negotiation of a communication protocol or a fuel supply protocol for a process in which the dispenser supplies the hydrogen fuel to the mobility; and transmitting, to the dispenser, information required for monitoring and controlling, performed on the basis of the fuel supply protocol, of the process in which the dispenser supplies the hydrogen fuel to the mobility.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 69/24 - Negotiation of communication capabilities
• F17C 5/06 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with compressed gases
• H04L 69/18 - Multiprotocol handlers, e.g. single devices capable of handling multiple protocols
• H04W 8/00 - Network data management
• H04W 76/10 - Connection setup
• H04W 12/069 - Authentication using certificates or pre-shared keys
• H04L 69/40 - Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass for recovering from a failure of a protocol instance or entity, e.g. service redundancy protocols, protocol state redundancy or protocol service redirection

Abstract

The method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of: sharing information about pairing between a mobility and a dispenser for fueling hydrogen to the mobility, and discovering the dispenser; checking information about interoperability or compatibility between the dispenser and the mobility on the basis of the information about pairing; performing pairing between the dispenser and the mobility, on the basis of the information about pairing; and, on the basis of the information about interoperability or compatibility between the dispenser and the mobility, conducting a subsequent process related to a fueling protocol or a communication protocol for a process in which the dispenser fuels hydrogen to the mobility through transmittance and reception of at least one message to and from the dispenser.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 5/00 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases
• F17C 13/02 - Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
• F17C 5/06 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with compressed gases
• H04L 61/5014 - Internet protocol [IP] addresses using dynamic host configuration protocol [DHCP] or bootstrap protocol [BOOTP]

Abstract

A cross-certificate method is performed by an electric vehicle (EV) for being supplied with power from electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) associated with a charging point operator (CPO) having established a trust relationship with a first vehicle to grid (V2G) root certificate authority (rootCA) and a second V2G root certificate authority. The cross-certificate method may include steps of: requesting charging from the electric vehicle supply equipment; receiving, from the electric vehicle supply equipment, a certificate chain held by the electric vehicle supply equipment; and verifying whether or not a last certificate of the certificate chain has been signed by the second V2G root certificate authority, wherein the last certificate of the certificate chain can be a cross-certificate issued by the second V2G root certificate authority.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 55/00 - Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• H04L 9/08 - Key distribution

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hydrogen fueling communication method between hydrogen infrastructure and hydrogen fuel mobility, using public key infrastructure-based security, and to a device using same. The hydrogen fueling communication method performed by a hydrogen fueling operator (HFO), comprises the steps of: receiving, from an upper route server, a first subordinate certificate including a signature value and signed information obtained by signing a public key and identification information of a first subordinate certification authority of the HFO with a private key of the upper root server; generating a second subordinate certificate including a signature value and signed information obtained by signing a public key and identification information of a second subordinate certification authority with a private key of the first subordinate certification authority; and issuing, to a dispenser, a dispenser leaf certificate including a signature value and signed information obtained by signing the public key and identification information of the dispenser with the private key of the second subordinate certification authority.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• H04L 9/08 - Key distribution
• F17C 5/06 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with compressed gases

Abstract

Disclosed are an endpoint security method and device applicable to a protocol for managing electric car charging/discharging infrastructure. The endpoint security method comprises the steps of: signing at least one key-value pair among elements in the main body of a message to be transferred to a second node of a communication architecture; and transmitting the message including the at least one signed key-value pair to the second node.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 9/40 - Network security protocols

Abstract

A control method for opening/closing of electric vehicle charging door is executed by electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) including a charging manipulator. The method includes steps of: positioning the charging manipulator at a location corresponding to the charging door of an electric vehicle; performing a protocol to open the charging door; checking whether the charging door is opened; and coupling the charging manipulator to the inlet of the charging door.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/35 - Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
• B60L 53/30 - Constructional details of charging stations
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles

Abstract

A charging communication method for charging an electric mobility, according to the present invention, comprises the steps of: discovering, by an EVCC, a first electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) within a range by using a first communication technology; obtaining, by the EVCC, information for positioning the electric mobility to a charging location for receiving power from the first EVSE by using the first communication technology; and performing, by the EVCC, a communication connection with a supply equipment communication controller (SECC) of the first EVSE, by using a second communication technology.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/30 - Constructional details of charging stations
• G01S 13/02 - Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systemsAnalogous systems
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
• H04W 76/14 - Direct-mode setup
• H04W 8/00 - Network data management
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 53/65 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• B60L 53/126 - Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver

Abstract

A charging method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: establishing a communication link with a mobile power supply device; performing at least one of mutual identification, authentication, or authorization between the mobile power supply device and an electric mobility means; starting a charging process for receiving power from the mobile power supply device; and terminating the charging process.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/30 - Constructional details of charging stations
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles

Abstract

A method according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: detecting errors that occur during communication for preparing the supply of hydrogen fuel between a mobility and a dispenser that supplies hydrogen fuel to the mobility, or during the supplying of hydrogen fuel by the dispenser to the mobility; with respect to the detected errors, determining whether the communication or the suppyling of hydrogen fuel stops; and performing follow-up processes defined on the basis of the detected errors.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 5/06 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with compressed gases
• H04W 4/40 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
• H04W 8/00 - Network data management
• H04W 4/80 - Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

A method according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: sharing, with a mobility, first interoperability information of a fueling protocol and a communication protocol between the mobility and a dispenser that fuels hydrogen to the mobility; monitoring the state of a hydrogen fueling environment or a communication/system environment related to the mobility and the dispenser in a sequential first process for hydrogen fueling to the mobility, and obtaining updated second interoperability information; and determining, on the basis of the updated second interoperability information, a first communication protocol and a first fueling protocol, which are to be used in at least one of the first process and a subsequent process of the first process.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 5/06 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with compressed gases
• H04W 4/40 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
• H04W 8/00 - Network data management
• H04W 4/80 - Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

A method according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises steps in which a mobility: on the basis of a fuel supply protocol determined by means of a negotiation between a dispenser and the mobility, transmits, to the dispenser, a request message including information related to an action including starting or suspension of hydrogen fuel supply; and receives, from the dispenser, a response message including information about whether the mobility has processed or is prepared to process the action included in the request message.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 5/06 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with compressed gases
• H04W 4/40 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
• H04W 8/00 - Network data management
• H04W 4/80 - Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

A method according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: negotiating a communication protocol with a dispenser for supplying, as fuel, hydrogen for mobility; negotiating, with the dispenser, a fuel supply protocol in order to receive, as fuel, the hydrogen from the dispenser; and negotiating, with the dispenser, fuel supply parameters based on the fuel supply protocol.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 5/06 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with compressed gases
• H04W 4/40 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
• H04W 8/00 - Network data management
• H04W 4/80 - Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

Heterodera sojaeHeterodera sojae, and uses thereof, the use of molecular marker of the present invention allowing, compared to conventional methods, early prediction of resistance of soybean resource to Heterodera sojae, and being expected to contribute to molecular crop breeding for developing elite soybean varieties.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12Q 1/6895 - Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms for plants, fungi or algae
• C12Q 1/6827 - Hybridisation assays for detection of mutation or polymorphism

Abstract

A power transmission method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: receiving, from a user of mobility, a current mobility needs request related to charging of the mobility; transmitting current mobility needs information to the user; receiving, from the user, a new mobility needs configuration request related to the charging of the mobility; and transmitting, to the user, a result message notifying whether or not new mobility needs have been applied to the mobility.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06Q 50/40 - Business processes related to the transportation industry
• B60L 55/00 - Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• H02J 3/32 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• G06F 21/31 - User authentication
• G06F 21/64 - Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a recombinant E. coli strain that produces xylitol from xylose, a method for preparing the same, and a use thereof. Specifically, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for producing xylitol, wherein the method includes: culturing the recombinant E. coli strain transformed with an expression vector including a gene encoding a YahK enzyme and the recombinant E. coli strain on a substrate containing xylose (stage 1); and obtaining the xylitol from the culture cultured in stage 1 (stage 2).

IPC Classes  ?

• C12P 7/18 - Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic polyhydric
• C12N 1/20 - BacteriaCulture media therefor
• C12N 9/04 - Oxidoreductases (1.), e.g. luciferase acting on CHOH groups as donors, e.g. glucose oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase (1.1)
• C12N 15/70 - Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for E. coli

Abstract

An image encoding/decoding method, device and recording medium based on accumulation of a region of interest of the present disclosure may include partitioning a current image to acquire a region of interest, cumulatively expressing the region of interest in a reference image of the current image and decoding the current image based on a reference image in which the region of interest is cumulatively expressed.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06T 9/00 - Image coding
• G06T 7/11 - Region-based segmentation
• G06T 7/62 - Analysis of geometric attributes of area, perimeter, diameter or volume
• G06V 10/25 - Determination of region of interest [ROI] or a volume of interest [VOI]

Abstract

An authentication method and device enable a charging station to verify a contract certificate of an electric vehicle based on a cross certificate when the charging station is not equipped with an MO RootCA certificate. An electric vehicle authentication method for providing plug-and-charge charging to the electric vehicle in the charging station includes: transmitting, to the electric vehicle, an SECC certificate chain including an SECC certificate and at least one charging device family SubCA certificate and receiving a verification result for the SECC certificate from the electric vehicle; receiving a contract certificate chain including a contract certificate from the electric vehicle; and verifying the cross certificate based on a predetermined RootCA certificate to obtain a public key of a charging operator RootCA or a charging operator SubCA included in the cross certificate and verifying the contract certificate based on an obtained public key.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• H04L 9/08 - Key distribution
• H04L 9/30 - Public key, i.e. encryption algorithm being computationally infeasible to invert and users' encryption keys not requiring secrecy

Abstract

A method according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: transmitting, to a communication entity related to a dispenser, a first message including a list of one or more first fueling protocols supported by a mobility and first communication protocols required for executing the one or more fueling protocols; and receiving, from the communication entity related to the dispenser, a response message including a second fueling protocol selected from the one or more first fueling protocols.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 69/00 - Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
• F17C 5/06 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with compressed gases
• F17C 13/02 - Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
• H04L 69/24 - Negotiation of communication capabilities
• F17C 13/00 - Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
• H04L 69/08 - Protocols for interworkingProtocol conversion

Abstract

A method according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: transmitting, to a communication entity related to a dispenser, first parameters including one or more of at least one first hydrogen fueling method compatibility supported by a mobility and at least one first physical property; and receiving, from the communication entity related to the dispenser, a response message which includes second parameters including one or more of at least one second hydrogen fueling method compatibility supported by the dispenser, at least one second physical property, and a fueling goal.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 69/00 - Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
• F17C 5/06 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with compressed gases
• F17C 13/02 - Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
• H04L 69/24 - Negotiation of communication capabilities
• F17C 13/00 - Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
• H04L 69/08 - Protocols for interworkingProtocol conversion

Abstract

Disclosed is a wireless power transfer pairing method and apparatus for concurrently performing a pairing procedure in a V2G WPT fine positioning procedure. The wireless power transfer pairing method comprises a step of, when an LF signal indicating that a secondary device of an electric vehicle is positioned within an alignment tolerance area on a primary device of an electric vehicle power supply device is detected, parking the electric vehicle, transmitting, to a supply equipment communication controller (SECC), a fine positioning request message in which a result code parameter is configured as a success, and transmitting, immediately after receiving from the SECC, a fine positioning response message in which a response code parameter is configured as OK, a pairing request message in which an identifier code parameter is configured as a pairing identification code and an EV processing parameter is configured as termination, to the SECC.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/126 - Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• B60L 53/36 - Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
• B60L 53/38 - Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles

Abstract

The present invention can provide a MOF/viologen hybrid ionogel-based electrochromic material comprising a compound represented by chemical formula 1 and a metal organic frame, a method for preparing same, and an all-in-one electrochromic device comprising same, wherein the electrochromic device exhibits reversible polychromic characteristics as well as excellent periodic stability and conductivity by comprising MOF/viologen hybrid ionogels, and allows for a simple process and reduced costs in an economic aspect by using all-in-one hybrid ionogels.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02F 1/1516 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising organic material
• G02F 1/153 - Constructional details
• C09K 9/02 - Organic tenebrescent materials

Abstract

Disclosed are a two-way hydrogen fueling communication process and a device using same, which can overcome the limitations and vulnerabilities of one-way communication and improve the safety, efficiency, and reliability of hydrogen fueling. The two-way hydrogen fueling communication process comprises the steps of: transmitting, to a dispenser, a request message containing a protocol list of communication protocols to be used for a fueling session of hydrogen fueling; and receiving, from the dispenser, a response message containing information about a common protocol selected by the dispenser, most preferred by a vehicle, and mutually supported by both the vehicle and the dispenser, wherein on the basis of the common protocol, the vehicle and the dispenser reach an agreement on the communication protocol to be used for fueling communication of hydrogen fueling.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 69/00 - Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
• F17C 5/06 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with compressed gases
• F17C 13/02 - Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
• H04L 69/24 - Negotiation of communication capabilities
• F17C 13/00 - Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
• H04L 69/08 - Protocols for interworkingProtocol conversion
• H04W 28/18 - Negotiating wireless communication parameters

Abstract

A communication method for hydrogen fueling, performed by a dispenser, according to the present invention comprises the steps of: identifying a communication protocol supported by a hydrogen vehicle and a communication protocol supported by a dispenser, on the basis of a communication sequence performed by the hydrogen vehicle and information transferred by means of the communication sequence; and determining a communication protocol to be performed between the hydrogen vehicle and the dispenser, on the basis of the communication protocol supported by the hydrogen vehicle and the communication protocol supported by the dispenser.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 69/00 - Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
• F17C 13/00 - Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
• H04L 69/08 - Protocols for interworkingProtocol conversion
• H04L 69/24 - Negotiation of communication capabilities
• H04W 28/18 - Negotiating wireless communication parameters
• H04L 69/28 - Timers or timing mechanisms used in protocols

Abstract

A mutual authentication method allows an electric vehicle (EV) to perform plug-and-charge (PnC) charging through communication with a charging station (CS) device. The mutual authentication method includes: accepting an SECC certificate chain including an SECC certificate and at least one charging device-based sub-certificate used for generation of the SECC certificate; verifying the SECC certificate by using the at least one charging device-based sub-certificate and a first root certificate; transmitting a verification result of the SECC certificate to the CS device, and providing the CS device with an EV certificate chain including an EV certificate for the EV and at least one EV-based sub-certificate used for generation of the EV certificate; accepting a verification result of the EV certificate from the CS device and generating a symmetric key; and transmitting or receiving an encrypted message to or from the CS device by using the symmetric key.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 53/65 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• B60L 53/34 - Plug-like or socket-like devices specially adapted for contactless inductive charging of electric vehicles
• B60L 53/68 - Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
• H04L 9/08 - Key distribution

Abstract

A charging communication method for charging electric vehicles, according to the present invention, comprises the steps of: establishing a communication connection by using a first communication technique between a SECC and an EVCC; initializing connection and pairing using a second communication technique between the SECC and the EVCC on the basis of information about the second communication technique; performing paring and positioning between a primary assembly and a secondary assembly by using the second communication technique between the SECC and the EVCC; and performing docking, charging, and undocking between the primary assembly and the secondary assembly by using the second communication technique between the SECC and the EVCC.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/30 - Constructional details of charging stations
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
• B60L 55/00 - Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• B60L 53/126 - Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• B60L 53/60 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations
• B60L 53/14 - Conductive energy transfer

Abstract

Disclosed are an active earlier pairing method and device for wireless LAN-based smart charging or smart charging and discharging, wherein it is not necessary to restart a V2GTP communication session of an Electric Vehicle Communication Controller (EVCC). An active pairing method performed by an electric vehicle (EV) comprises the steps of: transmitting, to a supply equipment communication controller (SECC) Discovery Protocol (SDP) server, an SDP request message including an EVID by which the EV can be identified; and receiving, from the SDP server communicating with SECCs, an SDP response message including information indicating a specific SECC that controls electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) in which the EV parks or into which the EV is plugged.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/126 - Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 53/16 - Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• H04W 12/50 - Secure pairing of devices
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

An early renegotiation method and apparatus are capable of quickly changing a communication state in changing a charging condition or charging environment, which can occur while performing a message exchange or a charging process between an electric vehicle and a grid. A method by which the electric vehicle performs early renegotiation in a message sequence between the electric vehicle and the grid includes steps of: receiving a service detail response message from a power supply device communication controller; searching for parameters that are compatible for direct current charging or alternating current charging; state-changing a service detail state into a vehicle positioning setup state for vehicle positioning by using automatic connection device or wireless power transmission, if compatible parameters cannot be found; and transmitting a vehicle positioning setup request message to the power supply device communication controller in the vehicle positioning setup state.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/126 - Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 53/62 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for installing a certificate on the basis of encryption and decryption of a contract certificate private key for an electric vehicle communication controller. The method for installing the certificate comprises: a step in which the electric vehicle communication controller transmits, to a secondary actor, a certificate installation request message signed with a private key associated with a manufacturer's provisioning certificate; and a step of receiving, from the secondary actor, a certificate installation response message signed with a private key associated with a leaf certificate of a certificate provisioning service, wherein an encrypted private key element of the certificate installation response message stores a private key belonging to a new contract certificate which is encrypted for the electric vehicle communication controller without a trust platform module, the private key belonging to the new contract certificate is encrypted with AES-GCM-256 on the basis of an encryption key which is entered from a public key of the manufacturer's provisioning certificate and generated through an ECDH protocol, and the private key encrypted with the AES-GCM-256 is included in a ciphertext at 528-bits or 448-bits after an initial initialization vector of a contract certificate data packet.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• H04L 9/08 - Key distribution
• H04L 9/06 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for blockwise coding, e.g. D.E.S. systems

Abstract

A method and apparatus for allowing an EV user outside the EV to change a target power transfer amount in a charging station including: allowing an access of an EV user through a path not passing the EV; receiving a change request for changing the target power transfer amount from the EV user through the path; transmitting, to the EV, a predetermined message including a new energy request included in the change request; receiving, from the EV, a parameter setting message designating the new energy request as a new target power transfer amount; and allowing a power transfer to be performed according to the new target power transfer amount.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 53/62 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a photolithography process method and a display device manufactured thereby, and more particularly, to a photolithography process method using a quantum dot thin film having greatly improved resistance to an organic solvent by applying a quantum dot coated with ligand onto a substrate and injecting a precursor used in atomic layer deposition, and a display manufactured thereby.

IPC Classes  ?

• H10K 71/20 - Changing the shape of the active layer in the devices, e.g. patterning
• C23C 16/455 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into the reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in the reaction chamber
• H10K 50/115 - OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers comprising active inorganic nanostructures, e.g. luminescent quantum dots
• H10K 71/16 - Deposition of organic active material using physical vapour deposition [PVD], e.g. vacuum deposition or sputtering
• C09K 11/08 - Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent, materials containing inorganic luminescent materials

Abstract

The present invention relates to a plant factory in which plants can be cultivated vertically by using artificial light or natural light, the plant factory comprising: a vertical-type culture bed on which plants are arranged in the longitudinal direction and cultivated; a plurality of artificial light sources which are arranged vertically at certain intervals and irradiate artificial light toward the plants; and a plurality of solar plates which are arranged vertically at certain intervals and radiate sunlight toward the plants, and thus, power consumption can be reduced and the quality of the plants can be improved.

IPC Classes  ?

• A01G 9/24 - Devices for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
• A01G 9/02 - Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes Glasses for cultivating flowers
• A01G 9/08 - Devices for filling-up flower-potsDevices for setting plants in pots
• H05B 47/105 - Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters
• H01L 31/048 - Encapsulation of modules
• H01L 31/054 - Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means

Abstract

A see-through display device includes an image generator configured to emit image light, a combiner which is arranged off-axis with respect to the image light and is configured to generate an off-axis aberration with respect to the image light, and a free-form optical element which is disposed on an optical path of the image light between the image generator and the combiner and is configured to generate a correction aberration with respect to the image light, the correction aberration being opposite to the off-axis aberration.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02B 27/01 - Head-up displays

Abstract

A curable composition for an electronic device, includes a curable material; and an oxide-containing complex; wherein the oxide-containing complex includes i) an oxide core and ii) an organic group chemically bound to an atom on a surface of the oxide core, the organic group includes a) a curable group reactable with the curable material and b) a linking group linking the atom on a surface of the oxide core to the curable group, and the oxide core includes an aluminum oxide, a silicon oxide, or a combination thereof.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 220/18 - Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
• C09J 133/08 - Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
• C07F 7/18 - Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
• C07F 7/28 - Titanium compounds
• C08J 5/18 - Manufacture of films or sheets

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a method for supporting installation of a contract certificate by a charging service providing device. As an example, the present disclosure may comprise the steps of: generating a first contract certificate for a first electric vehicle (EV); and transmitting the first contract certificate to a first external charging service providing device (CSP) with which a roaming contract has been made, so as to enable the first contract certificate to be installed in the first EV via the first external CSP in a roaming situation.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 53/62 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
• B60L 53/63 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity

Abstract

Provided is a bootstrap method for registering a charging station (CS), which was in an offline state, to an electric vehicle charging station management system (CSMS) and operating same. The bootstrap method comprises the steps of: storing at least partial bootstrap information in a CS so as to configure bootstrap information; connecting the CS to a CSMS by setting a security channel between the CS and the CSMS for maintaining registration information about the CS; and registering the CS to the CSMS.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/67 - Controlling two or more charging stations
• B60L 53/68 - Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
• B60L 53/30 - Constructional details of charging stations
• G06F 9/4401 - Bootstrapping

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a method and a device for inferring a behavioral intention on the basis of user feedback. According to the present invention, provided is a device for inferring a behavioral intention comprising: a processor; and a memory coupled to the processor, wherein the memory includes program instructions executable by the processor that are configured to: constitute a plurality of event operation rules consisting of a precondition corresponding to perceptual information and a conclusion corresponding to a behavioral intention, wherein at least some of the plurality of event operation rules include an event operation rule consisting of a plurality of conclusions for the same precondition, each of the plurality of conclusions at an initial time point having the same probability value; sequentially collect perceptual information including at least one of behavior, posture, object, and sound from a user's living environment over time; when there are a plurality of behavioral intentions inferred through the perceptual information collected at a first time point, select one of the plurality of behavioral intentions according to a probability distribution of each of the plurality of behavioral intentions; and adjust the probability value of each of the plurality of behavioral intentions on the basis of feedback received from the user with respect to the selected behavioral intention.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 16/36 - Creation of semantic tools, e.g. ontology or thesauri
• G06F 16/2453 - Query optimisation
• G06F 16/29 - Geographical information databases
• G06F 16/28 - Databases characterised by their database models, e.g. relational or object models
• G06F 16/242 - Query formulation
• G06F 17/18 - Complex mathematical operations for evaluating statistical data

Abstract

Disclosed is a control method for opening/closing of electric vehicle charging door executed by electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) including a charging manipulator. The method comprises the steps of: positioning the charging manipulator at a location corresponding to the charging door of an electric vehicle; performing a protocol to open the charging door; checking whether the charging door is opened; and coupling the charging manipulator to the inlet of the charging door.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/16 - Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• B60L 53/35 - Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles

Abstract

Disclosed herein are a method and apparatus for distributed image data processing. The method for distributed image data processing includes performing machine learning on an original image to produce a plurality of different task outputs, combining the plurality of task outputs to extract at least one final output, and compressing the final output and transmitting the final output to a server.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06V 10/96 - Management of image or video recognition tasks
• G06V 10/82 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using neural networks
• G06V 10/22 - Image preprocessing by selection of a specific region containing or referencing a patternLocating or processing of specific regions to guide the detection or recognition
• G06V 10/56 - Extraction of image or video features relating to colour

Abstract

1111-OH is the hydrogen atom having the lowest pKa in the molecular structure of the organic acid.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 69/734 - Ethers
• C07D 339/04 - Five-membered rings having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 2, e.g. lipoic acid
• C07D 309/40 - Oxygen atoms attached in positions 3 and 4, e.g. maltol
• C07C 67/26 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with a carbon-to-oxygen ether bond, e.g. acetal, tetrahydrofuran with an oxirane ring
• C07C 67/56 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by solid-liquid treatmentSeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by chemisorption

Abstract

Provided is a display apparatus including a combiner having asymmetric magnification. The display apparatus may include: an image forming device configured to form a virtual image; and a combiner configured to mix the virtual image with light containing an outside landscape and provide a viewer with the virtual image and the light that are mixed with each other, wherein the combiner may include a curved surface that varies a size of the virtual image with a first magnification in a first direction and a second magnification in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the second magnification being less than the first magnification.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02B 27/01 - Head-up displays
• G02B 6/34 - Optical coupling means utilising prism or grating

Abstract

The present invention relates to a structure for attachment/detachment of an energy pack for an electric vehicle and, more specifically, a structure for attachment/detachment of an energy pack for an electric vehicle, wherein: the energy capacity of a main energy supply device is reduced, and thereby fuel economy/efficiency can be increased through weight reduction; and an energy pack capable of additional energy supply is separately provided and detachably attached inside the vehicle depending on the travel distance of the vehicle, and thereby the driving conditions of the electric vehicle can be optimized without a need to change driving qualifications.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/80 - Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
• B60L 50/64 - Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
• H01M 8/2475 - Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
• H01M 50/249 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains

Abstract

A composite photocatalyst, a photocatalytic filter for air purification, and an air purification device that includes the photocatalytic filter. The composite photocatalyst includes: a first metal oxide particle; and second metal oxide particles arranged on a surface of the first metal oxide particle, wherein specific surface area of the second metal oxide particles is greater than specific surface area of the first metal oxide particle, and bandgap energy of the second metal oxide particles is greater than bandgap energy of the first metal oxide particle. The composite photocatalyst structure may degrade and remove gaseous pollutants under room temperature and atmospheric pressure conditions. The composite photocatalyst may be applied to various indoor and outdoor air purification systems in the form of a photocatalytic filter.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 27/00 - Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogenCatalysts comprising carbon compounds
• B01J 27/08 - Halides
• B01J 21/06 - Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafniumOxides or hydroxides thereof
• B01J 35/00 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
• B01J 35/10 - Solids characterised by their surface properties or porosity
• B01J 35/02 - Solids
• B01D 53/88 - Handling or mounting catalysts

Abstract

Disclosed is a pairing control method performed by a supply equipment communication controller (SECC) that controls power supply to an electrical vehicle. The pairing control method according to the present invention may comprise the steps of: performing a charging session start procedure with an electrical vehicle (EV); exchanging one or more pairing messages with the electrical vehicle; generating information on one or more alternative SECCs when pairing with the electrical vehicle fails; and transmitting a pairing response message including information on the one or more alternative SECCs to the electrical vehicle.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 53/30 - Constructional details of charging stations
• B60L 53/126 - Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver

Abstract

Disclosed is an electric vehicle (EV) user authorization method for charging an EV, the method performed by a device for mediating EV user authorization, in association with a mobility operator (MO) who makes a contract with an EV user and provides a charging service to a corresponding EV and a charge point operator (CPO) who supplies electric power to the EV which requests charging. The EV user authorization method may comprise the steps of: receiving association information between the EV and a charging service account from the mobility operator; storing the association information between the EV and the charging service account; receiving an association information identification request for an EV to be charged, from the charge point operator; and providing association information between the EV to be charged and the charging service account to the charge point operator.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/60 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations
• B60L 53/16 - Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• H04L 9/08 - Key distribution
• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• G06Q 50/06 - Energy or water supply

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for providing information about a mobility solution provider or a mobility service provider supporting PnC. This method comprises the steps of: receiving an authorization setup request message for PnC from an electric vehicle communication controller (EVCC) installed in an EV; generating a list of service providers supporting PnC of supply equipment associated with the EV according to the authorization setup request message; transmitting, to the EVCC, an authorization setup response message including the list of service providers; receiving, from the EVCC, an authorization request message including a contract certificate issued by a first service provider selected from the list of service providers; and transmitting, to the EVCC, an authorization response message for notifying the completion of the authorization of the PnC supported by the first service provider on the basis of the contract certificate.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06Q 50/30 - Transportation; Communications
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 53/30 - Constructional details of charging stations
• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system

Abstract

Disclosed is a wireless power transfer pairing method and apparatus for concurrently performing a pairing procedure in a V2G WPT fine positioning procedure. The wireless power transfer pairing method comprises a step of, when an LF signal indicating that a secondary device of an electric vehicle is positioned within an alignment tolerance area on a primary device of an electric vehicle power supply device is detected, parking the electric vehicle, transmitting, to a supply equipment communication controller (SECC), a fine positioning request message in which a result code parameter is configured as a success, and transmitting, immediately after receiving from the SECC, a fine positioning response message in which a response code parameter is configured as OK, a pairing request message in which an identifier code parameter is configured as a pairing identification code and an EV processing parameter is configured as termination, to the SECC.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/126 - Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 55/00 - Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• H02J 50/12 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
• H02J 50/80 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• H02J 50/90 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• H04W 4/40 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
• H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles

Abstract

Provided is an authentication method and apparatus that enables a charging station to verify a contract certificate of an electric vehicle on the basis of a cross-certificate in a situation where there are a multiple of MOs and the charging station does not have an MO root certificate. An electric vehicle certification method according to an aspect of the present invention may be performed for PnC charging of the electric vehicle in a charging station device configured to charge an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle certification method comprises: a step for transmitting to the electric vehicle a SECC certificate chain including a power supply device communication controller (SECC) certificate and at least one charging device series sub-certificate used to generate the SECC certificate, and receiving a result of verification of the SECC certificate from the electric vehicle; a step for receiving a contract certificate chain including a contract certificate from the electric vehicle; and a step for, when a cross-certificate is included in the contract certificate chain, verifying the cross-certificate on the basis of a predetermined root certificate, obtaining a public key of a charging operator root certification authority or a charging operator subordinate certification authority included in the cross-certificate, and verifying the contract certificate on the basis of the obtained public key.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 9/40 - Network security protocols
• G06Q 50/30 - Transportation; Communications
• H04L 65/40 - Support for services or applications
• H04W 4/40 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]

Abstract

A cross-certificate method is performed by an electric vehicle (EV) for being supplied with power from electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) associated with a charging point operator (CPO) having established a trust relationship with a first vehicle to grid (V2G) root certificate authority (rootCA) and a second V2G root certificate authority. The cross-certificate method may include steps of: requesting charging from the electric vehicle supply equipment; receiving, from the electric vehicle supply equipment, a certificate chain held by the electric vehicle supply equipment; and verifying whether or not a last certificate of the certificate chain has been signed by the second V2G root certificate authority, wherein the last certificate of the certificate chain can be a cross-certificate issued by the second V2G root certificate authority.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• H04L 9/08 - Key distribution
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 55/00 - Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements

Abstract

Disclosed are an active earlier pairing method and device for wireless LAN-based smart charging or smart charging and discharging, wherein it is not necessary to restart a V2GTP communication session of an Electric Vehicle Communication Controller (EVCC). An active pairing method performed by an electric vehicle (EV) comprises the steps of: transmitting, to a supply equipment communication controller (SECC) Discovery Protocol (SDP) server, an SDP request message including an EVID by which the EV can be identified; and receiving, from the SDP server communicating with SECCs, an SDP response message including information indicating a specific SECC that controls electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) in which the EV parks or into which the EV is plugged.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/126 - Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 53/16 - Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• H04W 80/06 - Transport layer protocols, e.g. TCP [Transport Control Protocol] over wireless
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

Disclosed are an early renegotiation method and apparatus capable of quickly changing a communication state in the changing of a charging condition or a charging environment, which can occur while performing a message exchange or a charging process between an electric vehicle and a grid. A method by which an electric vehicle performs early renegotiation in a message sequence between the electric vehicle and a grid comprises the steps of: receiving a service detail response message from a power supply device communication controller; searching for parameters that are compatible for direct current charging or alternating current charging, on the basis of the service detail response message; state-changing a service detail state into a vehicle positioning setup state for vehicle positioning by using an automatic connection device or wireless power transmission, if compatible parameters cannot be found; and transmitting a vehicle positioning setup request message to the power supply device communication controller in the vehicle positioning setup state.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 9/40 - Network security protocols
• H04L 65/40 - Support for services or applications
• B60L 55/00 - Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• B60L 53/62 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles

Abstract

Provided are a device and a method for authentication, which can increase security during a security channel configuration between an electric vehicle (EV) and a charging station (CS) for PnC charging. A mutual authentication method according to an aspect of the present invention may be executed so as to allow an EV to perform PnC charging through communication with a CS device. The mutual authentication method comprises the steps of: accepting, from the CS device, an SECC certificate chain including an SECC certificate and at least one charging device-based sub-certificate used for generation of the SECC certificate; verifying the SECC certificate by using the at least one charging device-based sub-certificate and a first root certificate stored in a storage device of the EV, so as to authenticate an SECC; transmitting a verification result of the SECC certificate to the CS device, and providing the CS device with an EV certificate chain including an EV certificate for the EV and at least one EV-based sub-certificate used for generation of the EV certificate; accepting a verification result of the EV certificate from the CS device and generating a symmetric key through a handshake with the CS device; and transmitting or receiving an encrypted message to or from the CS device by using the symmetric key.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for installing a certificate on the basis of encryption and decryption of a contract certificate private key for an electric vehicle communication controller. The method for installing the certificate comprises: a step in which the electric vehicle communication controller transmits, to a secondary actor, a certificate installation request message signed with a private key associated with a manufacturer's provisioning certificate; and a step of receiving, from the secondary actor, a certificate installation response message signed with a private key associated with a leaf certificate of a certificate provisioning service, wherein an encrypted private key element of the certificate installation response message stores a private key belonging to a new contract certificate which is encrypted for the electric vehicle communication controller without a trust platform module, the private key belonging to the new contract certificate is encrypted with AES-GCM-256 on the basis of an encryption key which is entered from a public key of the manufacturer's provisioning certificate and generated through an ECDH protocol, and the private key encrypted with the AES-GCM-256 is included in a ciphertext at 528-bits or 448-bits after an initial initialization vector of a contract certificate data packet.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• H04L 9/30 - Public key, i.e. encryption algorithm being computationally infeasible to invert and users' encryption keys not requiring secrecy
• H04L 9/08 - Key distribution
• H04L 9/06 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for blockwise coding, e.g. D.E.S. systems

Abstract

A method and apparatus are configured to automatically authenticate an electric vehicle (EV) charging user based on blockchain. A vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operator generates a smart contract for a specific EV or an EV user on a blockchain, and a mobility operator (MO) or a charge point operator acquire an access control authority to the blockchain. The EV user provides an authentication identifier to the MO. The MO generates an account identifier based on the authentication identifier, generates a contract on the blockchain based on the authentication identifier, the account identifier, an expiration date of the account identifier, and the activity status of the account identifier, and transmits contract information including the account identifier corresponding to the authentication identifier, the expiration date of the account identifier, and the activity status of the account identifier to the EV user.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• B60L 53/65 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 53/68 - Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• H04L 9/40 - Network security protocols
• H04L 9/00 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols
• H04W 4/44 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for communication between vehicles and infrastructures, e.g. vehicle-to-cloud [V2C] or vehicle-to-home [V2H]
• H04W 12/069 - Authentication using certificates or pre-shared keys

Abstract

Provided is a target power transmission amount changing method enabling an EV user to change a pre-set target power transmission amount by accessing EVSE directly or via a network from the outside of an EV, when the EV is being charged or in a charging standby state at a charging station. The target power transmission amount changing method according to an embodiment is for changing a target power transmission amount set by an electric vehicle through an interaction with a charging station, at the charging station, and comprises the steps of: allowing an access request of an electric vehicle user through a path that does not pass through the electric vehicle; accepting a change request regarding the target power transmission amount from the electric vehicle user, through the path; transmitting, to the electric vehicle, a predetermined message including a new energy requirement amount included in the change request; receiving, from the electric vehicle, a parameter setting message designating the new energy requirement amount as a new target power transmission amount; and allowing power transmission to be performed according to a changed target power transmission amount.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 53/62 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
• B60L 58/12 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
• H02J 50/10 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
• H02J 50/80 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Abstract

The present invention relates to a photolithography process method and a display device manufactured thereby, and, more particularly, to a photolithography process method using a quantum dot thin film and a display device manufactured thereby, the method applying, on a substrate, a quantum dot coated with a ligand and injecting a precursor used in an atomic layer deposition method, and thus greatly improves resistance to an organic solvent.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
• H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
• C23C 16/455 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into the reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in the reaction chamber
• H01L 27/32 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including components using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part with components specially adapted for light emission, e.g. flat-panel displays using organic light-emitting diodes

Abstract

A method for controlling wireless power transfer (WPT), performed by an electric vehicle (EV) device receiving power from a supply device is provided. The method includes checking service details regarding at least one method for fine positioning and pairing between the supply device and the EV device and selecting a service. Fine positioning is performed with the supply device according to a pairing method associated with the selected service. Additionally, LF pairing is performed based on the selected service; an initial alignment check is performed using pre-charging power transmission; and LPE pairing is performed based on the selected service and a result of the initial alignment check.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 50/80 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• H02J 50/90 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• B60L 53/12 - Inductive energy transfer
• H02J 50/10 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 53/38 - Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
• H02J 7/02 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• B60L 53/65 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• B60L 53/126 - Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver

Abstract

Disclosed are a self-cleaning device and a self-cleaning method for removing droplets by using electrical resistance heat and mechanical vibration. The self-cleaning device comprises: at least one electrode which is disposed on a solid material layer; an insulating layer which is disposed on the electrode; and at least one mechanical vibration unit. In the present invention, electrical resistance heat is generated by applying an electrical signal to the electrode, and the surface tension of droplets is reduced by the electrical resistance heat. The mechanical vibration unit generates mechanical vibration to convert the droplets with reduced surface tension into fine droplets and remove the fine droplets.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60S 1/54 - Cleaning windscreens, windows, or optical devices using gas, e.g. hot air
• B60S 1/02 - Cleaning windscreens, windows, or optical devices
• B08B 7/02 - Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by distortion, beating, or vibration of the surface to be cleaned

Abstract

An anamorphic optical system and a display apparatus including the same are disclosed. The anamorphic optical system includes an illumination system having astigmatism, and first and second correction lenses that are provided to have tangential power and sagittal power respectively and correct the astigmatism in the illumination system. The first and second correction lenses are provided in which a difference between a distance from the first correction lens to a tangential image formed by the first correction lens and a distance from the second correction lens to a sagittal image formed by the second correction lens corresponds to a distance between the first correction lens and the second correction lenses, and at least one of the first correction lens and the second correction lens has an asymmetric stop to form the tangential image and the sagittal image on the same surface.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02B 27/01 - Head-up displays
• G02C 7/08 - Auxiliary lensesArrangements for varying focal length

Abstract

wherein the three-dimensional network structure has a porosity of about 70 volume percent to about 95 volume percent, based on a total volume of the three-dimensional network structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 12/06 - Hybrid cellsManufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
• H01M 4/38 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
• H01M 4/485 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
• H01M 12/08 - Hybrid cellsManufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type

Abstract

Provided is a bootstrap method for registering a charging station (CS), which was in an offline state, to an electric vehicle charging station management system (CSMS) and operating same. The bootstrap method comprises the steps of: storing at least partial bootstrap information in a CS so as to configure bootstrap information; connecting the CS to a CSMS by setting a security channel between the CS and the CSMS for maintaining registration information about the CS; and registering the CS to the CSMS.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/50 - Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
• B60L 53/30 - Constructional details of charging stations
• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a method for supporting installation of a contract certificate by a charging service providing device. As an example, the present disclosure may comprise the steps of: generating a first contract certificate for a first electric vehicle (EV); and transmitting the first contract certificate to a first external charging service providing device (CSP) with which a roaming contract has been made, so as to enable the first contract certificate to be installed in the first EV via the first external CSP in a roaming situation.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• H04W 12/069 - Authentication using certificates or pre-shared keys
• G06Q 50/30 - Transportation; Communications

Abstract

A protein memory cell and a protein memory system are provided. The protein memory cell includes: first and second electrodes disposed to be spaced apart from each other on a micro channel; a gap region defined between the first and second electrodes on the micro channel; an outer region defined as an opposite side to the gap region based on the first or second electrode on the micro channel; and a photosensitive protein changing conductivity between the first and second electrodes while moving between the gap region and the outer region depending on structural conversion of a chromophore.

IPC Classes  ?

• G16B 50/30 - Data warehousingComputing architectures
• B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glasswareDroppers
• G01N 27/447 - Systems using electrophoresis
• C07K 14/435 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from animalsPeptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from humans

Abstract

A curable composition for an electronic device, includes a curable material; and an oxide-containing complex; wherein the oxide-containing complex includes i) an oxide core and ii) an organic group chemically bound to an atom on a surface of the oxide core, the organic group includes a) a curable group reactable with the curable material and b) a linking group linking the atom on a surface of the oxide core to the curable group, and the oxide core includes an aluminum oxide, a silicon oxide, or a combination thereof.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 220/18 - Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
• C09J 133/08 - Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
• C07F 7/18 - Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
• C07F 7/28 - Titanium compounds
• C08J 5/18 - Manufacture of films or sheets

Abstract

Provided is a display apparatus including an image forming optical system configured to form an image to be displayed, an eyepiece optical system configured to provide the image formed by the image forming optical system to a pupil of an observer, and an image shifting optical system disposed on an optical path between the image forming optical system and the eyepiece optical system, the image shifting optical system being configured to shift the image formed by the image forming optical system in a direction perpendicular to an optical axis, wherein the image shifting optical system includes a first optical member having a first focal length and a second optical member having a second focal length, and wherein a distance between the first optical member and the second optical member along the optical axis is equal to a sum of the first focal length and the second focal length.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06T 3/20 - Linear translation of whole images or parts thereof, e.g. panning
• G02B 27/00 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups ,
• G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
• G06T 5/00 - Image enhancement or restoration
• G06T 7/70 - Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras
• G06T 19/00 - Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
• G02B 27/01 - Head-up displays
• G06V 40/19 - Sensors therefor

Abstract

24424444433Aspergillus. spAspergillus. sp), which enables a high-throughput production of high value-added value organic acids such as oxalic acid by utilizing methanol obtained as a product from refining C1 gas such as methane.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 1/14 - Fungi Culture media therefor
• C12P 7/40 - Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group
• C12P 7/46 - Dicarboxylic acids having four or less carbon atoms, e.g. fumaric acid, maleic acid

Abstract

The present invention relates to a novel metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) inhibitor and an antibacterial composition to be used against multi-drug resistant bacteria, containing same, and is a compound of chemical formula 1 or a derivative thereof, and, more specifically, is 3,5-dichlorophenylboronic acid, (4-(4-amino-3- chlorophenoxy)-3,5-dichlorophenyl) boronic acid and (3,5-dichloro-4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl)boronic acid. An MBL inhibitor of chemical formula 1, according to the present invention, has an inhibitory activity against a broad spectrum of MBLs. Therefore, when an MBL according to the present invention and an antibiotic having a β-lactam structure are used together in treatment, degradation of the antibiotic due to MBL produced by microorganisms is prevented so that the duration of action and range of the antibiotic can be extended, and bacteria that can acquire resistance to an antibiotic due to the presence of MBL can be killed, and thus infection by multi-drug resistant bacteria is effectively prevented and treated.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 5/02 - Boron compounds
• A61K 31/69 - Boron compounds
• A61P 31/00 - Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics

Abstract

A compound having Formula I or its derivative may inhibit metallo-beta-lactamases. An investigation studying the effects of the compounds was provided by the invention of the activities of all subclasses (B1, B2, and B3) metallo-beta-lactamases. The compounds can be used for a pharmaceutical product with the ability to restore an anti-bacterial activity of a beta-lactam antibiotic, thereby treating and preventing a bacterial infection in an animal or human subject.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 31/69 - Boron compounds
• C07F 5/02 - Boron compounds
• A61P 31/04 - Antibacterial agents
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca

Abstract

The present invention relates to an inhibitor for carbapenem hydrolysis class D beta-lactamase and a preparation method thereof and, more particularly, to [3-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]boronic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for inhibiting CHDL, and a preparation method thereof. [3-(2-phenylethoxy)phenyl]boronic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to the present invention inhibits all six clinically important subgroups of CHDL and four newly emerging CHDL subgroups. Accordingly, the compound according to the present invention inhibits a wide variety of CHDLs such that when used together with beta-lactam antibiotics, the compound is effective for treatment of infections caused by bacteria that develop antibiotic resistance due to various CHDLs.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 5/02 - Boron compounds
• A61K 31/69 - Boron compounds
• A61P 31/00 - Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics

Abstract

A compound having Formula I is an inhibitor of carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D beta-lactamases. The compound inhibits the activities of clinically-important and emerging subgroups of carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D beta-lactamases. A method of treating a bacterial infection includes administering to a subject suffering from a bacterial infection a composition including an effective amount of the compound having Formula I or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 31/69 - Boron compounds
• A61P 31/04 - Antibacterial agents
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca

Abstract

Disclosed is a pairing control method performed by a supply equipment communication controller (SECC) that controls power supply to an electrical vehicle. The pairing control method according to the present invention may comprise the steps of: performing a charging session start procedure with an electrical vehicle (EV); exchanging one or more pairing messages with the electrical vehicle; generating information on one or more alternative SECCs when pairing with the electrical vehicle fails; and transmitting a pairing response message including information on the one or more alternative SECCs to the electrical vehicle.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/126 - Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 53/30 - Constructional details of charging stations

Abstract

A thermally releasable adhesive member includes a base resin and microcapsules dispersed in the base resin. At least one of the microcapsules includes a shell part which comprises a hydrophobic polymer material, and a hollow part which is defined by the shell part and contains an organic solvent.

IPC Classes  ?

• B32B 7/12 - Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
• B32B 27/06 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance
• C09J 5/06 - Adhesive processes in generalAdhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving heating of the applied adhesive
• H05K 5/00 - Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
• H05K 5/02 - Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus Details
• C08J 3/12 - Powdering or granulating
• C08L 33/08 - Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
• B32B 5/16 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, chopped fibres, powder

Abstract

The present invention relates to a structure for attachment/detachment of an energy pack for an electric vehicle and, more specifically, a structure for attachment/detachment of an energy pack for an electric vehicle, wherein: the energy capacity of a main energy supply device is reduced, and thereby fuel economy/efficiency can be increased through weight reduction; and an energy pack capable of additional energy supply is separately provided and detachably attached inside the vehicle depending on the travel distance of the vehicle, and thereby the driving conditions of the electric vehicle can be optimized without a need to change driving qualifications.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 53/80 - Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
• H01M 2/10 - Mountings; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
• H01M 8/2475 - Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks

Abstract

Disclosed is a cross-certificate method performed by an electric vehicle (EV) which desires to be supplied with power from electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) associated with a charging point operator (CPO) having established a trust relationship with a first vehicle to grid (V2G) root certificate authority (rootCA) and trusts a second V2G root certificate authority. The cross-certificate method according to an embodiment of the present invention may comprise the steps of: requesting charging from the electric vehicle supply equipment; receiving, from the electric vehicle supply equipment, a certificate chain held by the electric vehicle supply equipment; and verifying whether or not a last certificate of the certificate chain has been signed by the second V2G root certificate authority, wherein the last certificate of the certificate chain can be a cross-certificate issued by the second V2G root certificate authority.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol
• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• H04L 9/08 - Key distribution
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• G06Q 50/30 - Transportation; Communications

Abstract

A method for controlling wireless power transfer (WPT), performed by an electric vehicle (EV) device receiving power from a supply device is provided. The method includes checking service details regarding at least one method for fine positioning and pairing between the supply device and the EV device and selecting a service. Fine positioning is performed with the supply device according to a pairing method associated with the selected service. Additionally, LF pairing is performed based on the selected service; an initial alignment check is performed using pre-charging power transmission; and LPE pairing is performed based on the selected service and a result of the initial alignment check.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 50/80 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• H02J 50/90 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• B60L 53/12 - Inductive energy transfer
• H02J 50/10 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 53/38 - Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
• H02J 7/02 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• B60L 53/65 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• B60L 53/126 - Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver

Abstract

Disclosed is an electric vehicle (EV) user authorization method for charging an EV, the method performed by a device for mediating EV user authorization, in association with a mobility operator (MO) who makes a contract with an EV user and provides a charging service to a corresponding EV and a charge point operator (CPO) who supplies electric power to the EV which requests charging. The EV user authorization method may comprise the steps of: receiving association information between the EV and a charging service account from the mobility operator; storing the association information between the EV and the charging service account; receiving an association information identification request for an EV to be charged, from the charge point operator; and providing association information between the EV to be charged and the charging service account to the charge point operator.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol
• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• H04L 9/08 - Key distribution
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• G06Q 50/30 - Transportation; Communications

Abstract

Provided is a display apparatus including an image forming optical system configured to form an image to be displayed, an eyepiece optical system configured to provide the image formed by the image forming optical system to a pupil of an observer, and an image shifting optical system disposed on an optical path between the image forming optical system and the eyepiece optical system, the image shifting optical system being configured to shift the image formed by the image forming optical system in a direction perpendicular to an optical axis, wherein the image shifting optical system includes a first optical member having a first focal length and a second optical member having a second focal length, and wherein a distance between the first optical member and the second optical member along the optical axis is equal to a sum of the first focal length and the second focal length.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06T 3/20 - Linear translation of whole images or parts thereof, e.g. panning
• G06T 7/70 - Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras
• G06T 5/00 - Image enhancement or restoration
• G06T 19/00 - Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
• G02B 27/00 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups ,
• G02B 27/01 - Head-up displays
• G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
• G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints

Abstract

A charging control method, performed by an electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE), is provided. The method includes performing a charging session initiation procedure with an EV and calculating a session script hash associated with a charging session. A session access request is received from a user device and confirmed. Based on a result of the confirmation, session authentication is requested to the user device and a session script authentication value is received as a result of the session authentication from the user device. The method also includes determining whether to allow a user access to the charging session according to the session script authentication value.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 21/44 - Program or device authentication
• B60L 53/66 - Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• B60L 53/68 - Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
• G06F 21/30 - Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
• G06F 21/31 - User authentication

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing norbixin or bixin ethyl ester, which is a carotenoid-based compound, from a novel intermediate compound. When the novel intermediate compound is used, it is possible to manufacture norbixin or bixin ethyl ester in high yield through a simple process.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 317/24 - SulfonesSulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and doubly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
• C07C 67/30 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
• C07C 69/34 - Esters of acyclic saturated polycarboxylic acids having an esterified carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom
• C07C 315/02 - Preparation of sulfonesPreparation of sulfoxides by formation of sulfone or sulfoxide groups by oxidation of sulfides, or by formation of sulfone groups by oxidation of sulfoxides
• C07C 317/44 - SulfonesSulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
• C07C 67/465 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by oligomerisation
• C07C 67/313 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by introduction of doubly bound oxygen containing functional groups, e.g. carboxyl groups
• C07D 277/76 - Sulfur atoms attached to a second hetero atom

Abstract

A facial skin care device and a method of operating the same are disclosed. The facial skin care device comprises an oral insertion module configured to have a structure inserted in an oral cavity and include one or more oral electrodes contacted with a skin in the oral cavity, and a main body configured to include a main electrode connected electrically to at least one of the oral electrode on an outer surface of a facial skin and a current generation unit which is connected to the main electrode and generates current for applying electrical stimulation to the facial skin.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/04 - Electrodes
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
• A61N 1/32 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
• A61N 5/06 - Radiation therapy using light
• A61N 7/00 - Ultrasound therapy

Abstract

A composite comprises a first prepreg, a second prepreg directly bonded to the first prepreg, and a plurality of first thermally conductive particles dispersed and located between the first prepreg and the second prepreg.

IPC Classes  ?

• B32B 5/26 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by the presence of two or more layers which comprise fibres, filaments, granules, or powder, or are foamed or specifically porous one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer also being fibrous or filamentary
• B32B 17/04 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like in the form of fibres or filaments bonded with or embedded in a plastic substance
• B32B 37/10 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using direct action of vacuum or fluid pressure
• B32B 37/06 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
• B29C 70/08 - Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, with or without non-reinforced layers
• B29K 105/08 - Condition, form or state of moulded material containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition for improving memory, or a composition for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease, or a method for preparing said compositions, or a treatment method, wherein said compositions are characterized by comprising a cooked silkworm product and an Angelica root extract as effective components. As the present invention provides compositions using an Angelica root extract and a silkworm product rich in silk proteins and functional materials derived from mulberry leaves to improve memory and prevent or treat Alzheimer's disease, various health supplement products or drugs using the present invention are expected to be developed and commercialized, making it possible to fundamentally prevent and treat aging and dementia associated with aging, which are arising as a major problem in modern societies, and also to provide benefits of memory improvements in various other demographics, such as students, students studying for exams, office workers, etc.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 35/64 - Insects, e.g. bees, wasps or fleas
• A61K 38/17 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from animalsPeptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from humans
• A61K 36/232 - Angelica
• A61P 25/28 - Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
• A23L 33/10 - Modifying nutritive qualities of foodsDietetic productsPreparation or treatment thereof using additives
• A23L 33/17 - Amino acids, peptides or proteins
• A23L 33/105 - Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives

Abstract

The present invention provides a novel phytochemical-fructooligosaccharide conjugate having a structure in which a phytochemical in the form of phenolic acid is conjugated to a portion of saccharides constituting a fructooligosaccharide backbone. Compared to corresponding phenolic acid phytochemicals, the novel phytochemical-fructooligosaccharide conjugate according to the present invention is hardly decomposed under oral-gastrointestinal transit conditions such that most of the phytochemical-fructooligosaccharide conjugate can reach the large intestine. Thus, the novel phytochemical-fructooligosaccharide conjugate has good bioavailability in the large intestine when orally administered. In particular, a ferulic acid-fructooligosaccharide conjugate according to the present invention has an excellent colorectal cancer cell-selective killing effect as compared to commercial colorectal cancer treatment drugs, and can thus be used as a food or pharmaceutical material useful for preventing, alleviating, or treating colorectal cancer.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07H 3/06 - Oligosaccharides, i.e. having three to five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages
• C07H 1/00 - Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
• A23L 29/00 - Foods or foodstuffs containing additivesPreparation or treatment thereof
• A23L 33/10 - Modifying nutritive qualities of foodsDietetic productsPreparation or treatment thereof using additives
• A61P 35/00 - Antineoplastic agents
• B01J 31/02 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrostatic power generator having a large surface area and polymorphism, and a manufacturing method for same, and specifically relates to a layered electrostatic power generator which can be applied to various substrates such as fibers by applying a layered stacking technique, and has stable output characteristics obtained through uniform deposition, even when a nano/micro-sized structure is formed on a substrate, and a manufacturing method for the layered electrostatic power generator. The present invention includes: a substrate; a first solution applied on the substrate; and a second solution applied on the substrate on which the first solution is dried, wherein the first solution facilitates the deposition of the second solution on the substrate, and the second solution is formed of a polymer material that forms an electrode on the substrate to impart same with conductivity.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02N 1/04 - Friction generators

Abstract

The present invention relates to Internet of things. More particularly, the present invention relates to a transaction on the basis of a block chain and the like applied to Internet of media things, which is media-centric Internet of things. Representative drawing: figure 6

IPC Classes  ?

• G06Q 20/06 - Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used only among participants of a common payment scheme
• G06Q 20/32 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using wireless devices
• G06Q 20/38 - Payment protocolsDetails thereof

Abstract

An apparatus and a method for cleaning glass used in cars or cameras are disclosed. Said cleaning apparatus comprises glass, multiple electrodes placed in series on top of said glass, a dielectric layer stacked on top of said electrodes, and a hydrophobic layer stacked on top of said dielectric layer and on whose surface a droplet forms. Here, said droplet moves towards the outer edge of said glass by application of differing direct current voltages to several of said electrodes.

IPC Classes  ?

• B08B 7/02 - Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by distortion, beating, or vibration of the surface to be cleaned
• B08B 11/00 - Cleaning flexible or delicate articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
• G02B 27/00 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups ,
• B60S 1/02 - Cleaning windscreens, windows, or optical devices
• B60S 1/62 - Other vehicle fittings for cleaning
• B60J 1/00 - WindowsWindscreensAccessories therefor
• G01N 27/06 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a liquid
• G01N 21/17 - Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
• G02B 26/00 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements

Abstract

An apparatus and method for activating a lubrication layer in a concrete pump pipe, according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a chemical solution injection unit for annularly injecting a chemical solution, which activates a flow of concrete, into a concrete pump pipe along the inner circumferential surface of the concrete pump pipe; a chemical solution pumping unit for supplying a quantitative amount of the chemical solution to the chemical solution injection unit; and a control unit for calculating an estimated pressure per unit area of concrete according to the size of the concrete pump pipe, the physical properties of the concrete, and the flow rate of the concrete, and operating the chemical solution pumping unit when the pressure in the pipe is higher than the estimated pressure. Therefore, the present invention can constantly activate a lubrication layer throughout a concrete pump pipe.

IPC Classes  ?

• E04G 21/04 - Devices for both conveying and distributing
• F04B 19/04 - Pumps for special use
• F04B 19/22 - Other positive-displacement pumps of reciprocating-piston type

Abstract

The present invention relates to a power conversion apparatus for resolving a power imbalance between multiple output terminals of multiple power conversion modules operating in parallel. An embodiment of the present invention provides a power conversion apparatus comprising n (n is an integer≥2) power conversion modules connected in parallel and having multiple output terminals, wherein each of the n power conversion modules comprises: a first circuit unit having two output terminals; a second circuit unit having two output terminals; a core around which a coil is wound such that a current of the coil forms a path of a magnetic field; a primary-side first coil wound on a primary side of the core and having two connection terminals; a primary-side second coil wound on the primary side of the core and having two connection terminals; and a secondary-side coil wound on a secondary side of the core, wherein: for each of the power conversion modules, the two output terminals of one circuit unit among the first circuit unit or the second circuit unit are connected to the two connection terminals of one coil among the primary-side first coil or the primary-side second coil of the power conversion module including the one circuit unit; and the two output terminals of the other remaining circuit unit are connected to two connection terminals of one coil among the primary-side first coil or the primary-side second coil of another power conversion module.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 7/493 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
• H02M 7/5387 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration

Abstract

2020 polyene bis(phosphonate) of structural formula 2, the carotene compound of various structures can be produced by a single step reaction with various aldehyde compounds, so that the reaction is efficient and simple.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 9/40 - Esters thereof
• C07F 9/6541 - Five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
• C07C 403/02 - Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms
• C07C 403/04 - Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by halogen atoms
• C07C 403/10 - Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms by etherified hydroxy groups
• C07C 403/18 - Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by nitrogen atoms
• C07C 403/22 - Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by sulfur atoms

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention provide a device and method for implementing a laser light source having a narrow linewidth by using phase noise compensation, wherein: a laser light source having high operational stability and a narrow spectrum linewidth can be provided by applying both electrical negative feedback and phase noise compensation; and the laser light source can be employed regardless of the type of a light source, and thus can be applied to various fields including optical communication or optical signal transmission systems, various optical measurements, and signal processing systems.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01S 5/062 - Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying the potential of the electrodes
• H01S 3/08 - Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof

Abstract

Provided is a planar light concentration-type photovoltaic power generation apparatus. The embodiments of the present invention can attain high light concentration efficiency just by displacing in parallel a photovoltaic power generation panel in a horizontal direction without having to rotate same, can be installed on a roof, and can be produced so as to have a large surface area to thus facilitate mass production.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02S 40/22 - Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
• H02S 20/23 - Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
• H01L 31/0224 - Electrodes
• H02S 40/32 - Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
• H02S 40/38 - Energy storage means, e.g. batteries, structurally associated with PV modules

Abstract

Provided is a lighting apparatus using light-emitting diodes, the lighting apparatus comprising: a substrate; a light-emitting diode array, on the substrate, comprising a plurality of light-emitting diodes arranged with a previously set separation distance; a collimator unit for forming a first light pattern by converting beams emitted from the light-emitting diode array to parallel beams; and a diffusion unit for forming a third light pattern by dispersing the first light pattern into beams having a previously set radiation angle. The present invention allows integration with LEDs by utilizing simple secondary optical elements, is energy efficient and highly functional, and can provide light that is highly uniform and cost-effective.

IPC Classes  ?

• F21K 9/69 - Details of refractors forming part of the light source
• G02B 19/00 - Condensers
• G02B 3/08 - Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lens
• F21Y 115/10 - Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Abstract

A carbon nanocomposite includes a polymer nanowire comprising a plurality of carbon nanostructures, wherein the plurality of carbon nanostructures are electrically connected to each other within the polymer nanowire, and a portion of the plurality of carbon nanostructures protrude from a surface of the polymer nanowire.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/13 - Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulatorsProcesses of manufacture thereof
• H01M 4/133 - Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
• H01M 4/38 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
• H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
• H01M 4/86 - Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
• H01M 4/96 - Carbon-based electrodes
• H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
• H01M 12/08 - Hybrid cellsManufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
• H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material