Embodiments are disclosed for determining states of electrical equipment using diagnostic parameter prediction error. A prediction error value is determined for a plurality of predicted diagnostic parameter values over a predetermined time period for at least one component of an electrical equipment. The prediction error value suppresses variations observed in behavior of the at least one component. The determined prediction error value is compared to an expected prediction error value. An indication of a state of the at least one component is selectively generated based on the comparison.
A power transformer, comprising a core and a winding is provided. The core comprises a limb (2) and a yoke (4). The winding is wound around the limb (2) and has an extension along a main axis of the limb. The power transformer further comprises an energy harvesting device (8) coupled to at least one of the core (2) or the winding. The energy harvesting device (8) comprises a ferromagnetic part (10) and a coil (12) wound around at least a portion of the ferromagnetic part (10). The energy harvesting device (8) is arranged in such a way that a part of a magnetic flux MF generated in the power transformer induces an electromotive force in the energy harvesting device (8). The coil (12) comprises a wire wound around a main axis (A2) of the coil (12) and has an extension along the main axis of the coil (12) which is less than the extension of the winding.
The invention relates to a shaft system for transmitting a torque. The shaft system comprises a first component configured to deliver torque from a drive shaft, a first shaft connectable to the first component, and a second shaft connectable to, and axial extendable relative to, the first shaft. The first shaft comprises a toothed structure configured to mate with a toothed structure of the first component in a first coupling, and to mate with a toothed structure of the second shaft in a second coupling, such that in operation of the shaft system, torque is transferred from the first component to the second shaft via the first shaft.
F16D 1/108 - Quick-acting couplings in which the parts are connected by simply bringing them together axially having retaining means rotating with the coupling and acting by interengaging parts, i.e. positive coupling
4.
ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICE EQUIPPED WITH AT LEAST ONE WIRELESS SENSOR
An electromagnetic device comprises an enclosure (12), at least one winding (16, 18) in the interior of the enclosure, at least one wireless sensor (26A, 26B, 26C, 26D) attached to the winding for sensing at least one property or deficiency of the electromagnetic device and at least one active communication unit (14A, 14B) comprising transceiving circuitry and at least one antenna, wherein the transceiving circuitry is placed on the exterior of the enclosure (12) and the least one antenna is placed inside the enclosure (12) for communication with the at least one sensor (26A, 26B, 28A), wherein the at least one sensor comprises at least one sensor attached to the winding, and wherein the at least one sensor (26A) attached to the winding is a printed electronic sensor comprising electronics (PE) printed on an insulating substrate (S), where the substrate faces the at least one winding (18).
The present disclosure relates to a transformer system (10) comprising a power transformer (1) comprising a metal tank (2) filled with an electrically insulating liquid (3), and a wireless sensor arrangement (11) submerged in the insulating liquid within the tank. The sensor arrangement comprises a radio transmitter (12) for wirelessly transmitting sensor readings to the outside of the transformer through an opening (4a and/or 4b) in the tank, said opening being provided with a liquid-tight seal comprising a solid insulator for preventing leakage from the tank of the insulating liquid and wherein the radio transmitter (12) is configured for transmitting the sensor readings using a carrier frequency within the range of from 100 kHz to 1 MHz.
The present disclosure relates to a protection device (7) configured for being electrically connected to a test tap (9) of a HV bushing for protecting the bushing from transient overvoltages. The protection device comprises at least two parallel connected protection branches (20) connected between the test tap and a ground connector (24) configured for connecting to ground. Each of the protection branches comprises a plurality of parallel connected gas discharge tubes (21), a Transient-Voltage-Suppression (TVS) diode (22) connected in series with the gas discharge tubes, and a resistor (23) connected in series with the gas discharge tubes and across the TVS diode.
H02H 9/04 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
H02H 9/06 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using spark-gap arresters
7.
TELESCOPIC ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR AND HIGH VOLTAGE ARRANGEMENT
A telescopic electric conductor comprising an electrically conductive first tube having a longitudinal axis; an electrically conductive second tube movable relative to the first tube along the longitudinal axis while being at least partly received within the first tube; and an electrically conductive flexible element arranged inside the first tube, the flexible element being mechanically and electrically connected to the first tube and to the second tube, and the flexible element being arranged to elastically deform along the longitudinal axis. A high voltage arrangement comprising a telescopic electric conductor is also provided.
HIGH VOLTAGE SYSTEM COMPRISING A TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION DETERMINING DEVICE A high voltagesystem(9) comprising: a high voltage bushing (5) having a bushing body (5a) configured to be assembled with a tank (3a) filled with a dielectric liquid (3b) wherein the bushing body (5a) has a cavity (5b), and the bushing (5) comprises a dielectric liquid levelsensor (5f) configured to measure a dielectric liquid level (11) in the cavity (5b), and a temperature distribution determining device (7) configured to determine a heat distribution in the bushing (5) based on the dielectric liquid level (11) measured bythe dielectric liquid level sensor (5f). (Fig. 1)
A high-voltage lead-through device (14) comprises an insulator body (20) having a solid exterior and including insulation, a main conductor (22) passing therethrough, a sensor (30) adjacent the main conductor (22) inside the insulator body measuring a physical property of the device and a communication unit (28) adjacent the main conductor outside the insulator body (20), wherein the main conductor has a first electric potential (P1), a section (CS) of the solid exterior of the insulator body faces a second electric potential (P2), the communication unit is connected to the sensor using a signal conductor (26) as a first electrical communication medium and the communication unit employs a different communication medium for communicating with a data distribution device at a third electric potential.
The present invention relates to a method and monitoring device, for monitoring N number of transformer bushings operating in substantially the same environment. N being any number more than 1. The method comprises estimating (S2) an absolute value for the capacitances of each of the bushings, the absolute values for the capacitances being denoted Cx, and estimating (S3) an absolute value for the loss factor or the power factor of each of the bushings, the absolute values for the loss factors or the power factors being denoted Fx. X is a number representing which bushing the value is associated to and X largerthan 1. The method further comprises calculating (S4) ?-values for all C values and ?-values for all F values, according to: ?Cx = Cx - Cx+1, for all values up to, and including, ?CN-1, ?CN = CN C1, for ACN, ?Fx = Fx - Fx+1, for all values up to, and including, ?FN-1, ?FN = FN F1, for ?FN, and determining (S5) whether the ?-values are within predefined ranges.
G01R 27/26 - Measuring inductance or capacitanceMeasuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance methodMeasuring loss factorMeasuring dielectric constants
G01R 31/12 - Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage
An electrical device comprising: voltage carrying components, a solid insulation system (8) configured to electrically insulate the voltage carrying components, and a moisture sensor (2) configured to detect moisture in the solid insulation system (8), wherein the moisture sensor (2) comprises: a capacitor (9) having: a first electrode (3), a second electrode (5), and a dielectric material (7) arranged between the first electrode (3) and the second electrode (5), wherein the solid insulation system (8) forms the dielectric material (7), the capacitance of the capacitor (9) providing an indication of a moisture level in the dielectric material (7).
G01N 27/22 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
Embodiments presented herein relates to an externally gapped line arrester, EGLA, for transmission lines. The EGLA comprising a series varistor unit, SVU, (1) having a first end and a second end, the SVU configured to be connected between a transmission line and ground, a primary sparkover gap unit (8) serially connected to the first end of the SVU, a secondary gap arranged between the second end of the SVU and ground, and the secondary gap serially connected to the second end of the SVU, a shorting-link device (3) connected in parallel with the secondary gap, and a disconnecting device (4) arranged in the shorting-link device, the disconnecting device configured to open the shorting-link device when the SVU is overloaded. A method for impulse protection performed by an EGLA is also presented.
H01T 1/14 - Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure
H02G 13/00 - Installations of lightning conductorsFastening thereof to supporting structure
H02H 9/06 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using spark-gap arresters
The present invention relates to a shatter protection for a high voltage apparatus with a ceramic insulator and a method for producing the shatter protection comprising: winding a first helix shape of an electrically insulating fiber composite material at a first pitch, causing a first gap between the winding turns, and winding a second helix shape of the insulating material onto the first helix shape, the winding of the second helix shape in the opposite direction as the winding of the first helix shape and wound at a second pitch, and causing a second gap between the winding turns. Thereby forming an electrically insulating tube, with a diameter of the first helix shape being such that there is a minimum distance between the first helix shape and the ceramic insulator when the electrically insulating tube and the ceramic insulator are arranged concentrically, and with holes formed by the first and second gap between the winding turns.
H01B 17/00 - Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
H02G 3/04 - Protective tubing or conduits, e.g. cable ladders or cable troughs
H02G 7/00 - Overhead installations of electric lines or cables
14.
MAGNETIC CORE FOR AN ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION DEVICE, AN ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION DEVICE COMPRISING THE SAME, AND A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A MAGNETIC CORE
A magnetic core for an electromagnetic induction device is provided, comprising a limb made of a grain-oriented material, a yoke made of an amorphous material, and an auxiliary joint member made of the grain-oriented material. The auxiliary joint member joints the limb with the yoke. A grain orientation of the limb is perpendicular to the grain orientation of the auxiliary joint member. A method of manufacturing a magnetic core of an electromagnetic induction device is also provided. The method comprises jointing a limb made of a grain-oriented material with an auxiliary joint member made of the grain-oriented material such that a grain orientation of the limb is perpendicular to the grain orientation of the auxiliary joint member, and jointing a yoke made of an amorphous material with the auxiliary joint member.
The present disclosure relates to a filled silicone rubber (SiR) material (2) comprising at least 20 wt% of alumina tri-hydrate (ATH) as a filler (4) dispersed in SiR (5) to below the percolation threshold. The ATH is a mixture of a first ATH powder and a second ATH powder. The particle size distribution of the first and second ATH powders are such that the d90 value of the second ATH powder is less than the di0 value of the first ATH powder. The disclosure also relates to an insulator 1 made from the filled SiR material (2), and to a use of the insulator in a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) application.
A cooling system for a high voltage electromagnetic induction device, includes: at least one duct filled with a first coolant and surrounded by a second coolant, each being routed along a direction of natural convection;at least one group of fans, each fan of the group being mounted along a respective duct of the at least one duct along the direction of natural convection and being configured to blow for the-second-coolant-forced cooling;at least one group of electric motors, each electric motor being configured to operate a respective fan of the at least one group of fans;at least one group of switches, each switch being configured to control a respective electric motor of the at least one group of electric motors. A method of cooling a high voltage electromagnetic induction device is also provided. By using the option of operating fans with higher cooling rate, because of the less fans are operating, the predetermined cooling capacity can be reached with lower power consumption.
The present invention relates to a static electric induction apparatus (1b) comprising a winding (2) including a plurality of winding units (3), at least one first spacer element (5) arranged between the winding units (3) and including a first groove (18) defined in the surface thereof, and a sensor system for monitoring the temperature in the apparatus, wherein the sensor system comprises an elongated and flexible temperature sensing element (16) disposed in the first groove.The first groove (18) has a curved part that receives the flexible temperature sensing element which is wound at least one revolution in the first groove (18). The first groove enters and exits the first spacer element in one and the same end of the first spacer element. The apparatus comprises an elongated second spacer element (14a) extending in an axial direction on the outside of the winding (2). The second spacer element (14a) comprises an elongated second groove (22) arranged in communication with the first groove, and the flexible temperature sensing element (16) is disposed in the first and second grooves.
The present invention relates to a system (1) for wireless power transfer comprising a power transfer device (2) comprising a capacitor unit (6) and an inductor unit (4) connected in series to form an LC resonant circuit. The inductor unit (4) is designed to form an envelope (5) with a toroidal shape, the envelope forming an inductor coil with at least one turn, which generates an oscillating magnetic field outside of the envelope used for the wireless power transfer. The ends of each turn are electrically insulated from each other by means of an insulation gap, and appropriately connected by wires inside the envelope. The capacitor unit (6) is disposed inside this envelope such that the envelope wraps the capacitor unit and wires between the capacitor unit and the inductor unit.
The present disclosure relates to a method of determining the capacitance and loss-factor of each of a plurality of capacitive components of an electrical power device, wherein the method comprises: a) obtaining for each capacitive component a respective capacitance value and loss-factor value, and b) processing the capacitance values and the loss-factor values, wherein the processing involves removing a common influence of temperature on the capacitance values from the capacitance values and removing a common influence of temperature on the loss-factor values from the loss-factor values to obtain for each capacitive component a temperature-compensated capacitance value and a temperature-compensated loss-factor value.
G01R 27/26 - Measuring inductance or capacitanceMeasuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance methodMeasuring loss factorMeasuring dielectric constants
The present disclosure relates to a method of monitoring switching by an on-load tap changer (OLTC) (1) from a first contact (3a) to a second contact (3b) of a transformer winding (2). The method comprises measuring a voltage of the transformer. The method also comprises measuring a temperature of the OLTC. The method also comprises, based on the measured voltage and temperature, determining whether the switching from the first contact to the second contact has been successful.
H01F 29/04 - Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group with tappings on coil or windingVariable transformers or inductances not covered by group with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
H02H 7/055 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for transformers for tapped transformers or tap-changing means thereof
The present invention relates to a high voltage circuit breaker comprising first and second interrupter units(42, 44) located in a high voltage region, each interrupter unit including a movable contact (3b; 43b) arranged movable between an opened and closed state, and an operating mechanism (46) located in the high voltage region and arranged to move the movable contacts (3b; 43b) between the opened and closed states. The operating mechanism comprises a first actuator (48) arranged to operate the movable contact (3b) of the first interrupter unit (42), and a second actuator (50) arranged to operate the movable contact (43b) of the second interrupter unit (44), and the first and second actuators are configured to move the movable contacts of the first and second interrupter units (42, 44) independently of each other. The high voltage circuit breaker comprises a power supply source(19) located in aground region, and a power transfer arrangement for transferring power from the power supply source(19) to the operating mechanism (46) comprising a wireless power transfer device (25) adapted for wireless power transmission between the ground region and the high voltage region. The first and second actuators (48, 50) are integrated in one single unit (51) disposed between the first and second interrupter units, and said power transfer device (25) is configured to supply the first and second actuators with power.
The invention is concerned with a monitoring device, method and computer program product for monitoring a transformer comprising a tap changer. The transformer has at least two magnetically coupled windings and a tap changer comprising impedance elements and a changeover switch configured to gradually pass the impedance elements when changing between two tap changer positions during a tap change operation. The method is performed in the monitoring device and comprises: obtaining (50) waveforms of measured power transmission properties recorded at the first and second transformer sides, processing (52, 54, 56) the recorded waveforms for obtaining at least one waveform (Ploss) representing a tap change operation, and extracting (56, 60) information indicative of the performance of the tap change from the at least one waveform that represents the tap change operation.
H01F 29/02 - Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group with tappings on coil or windingVariable transformers or inductances not covered by group with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
H02H 7/055 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for transformers for tapped transformers or tap-changing means thereof
The invention is concerned with a protection device, method and computer program product for protecting a transformer comprising a tap changer and a transformer arrangement comprising a transformer and a protection device. The transformer has at least two magnetically coupled windings with terminals (MT1, MT2, MT3, MT4) at which power enters and exits the transformer and a tap changer comprising impedance elements and a switch configured to gradually connect the impedance elements when changing between two tap changer positions during a tap changing operation. The method is performed in the protection device and comprises: obtaining (32) measurements of power transmission properties (Iin, Uin, Iout, Uout) at the magnetically coupled windings, estimating (34, 38, 46) energy deposited in the impedance elements during a tap changing operation based on the measured physical properties, comparing (40) the estimated deposited energy with a failure threshold, and protecting (42) the transformer in case the threshold is exceeded, wherein the estimating of the deposited energy comprises determining the power loss of the transformer between the terminals (MT1, MT2) where power enters and the terminals (MT3, MT4) where power leaves the transformer and integrating the power loss.
H02H 7/055 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for transformers for tapped transformers or tap-changing means thereof
24.
HIGH VOLTAGE CABLE FOR A WINDING AND ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION DEVICE COMPRISING THE SAME
The present disclosure relates to a cable(1) for a high voltage winding of an electromagnetic induction device. The cable (1) comprises a conductor (5) having a width w, and a shield (3) arranged around at least a portion of the conductor (5), wherein in any cross-section of the conductor (5) the conductor has rounded corners (5a) with a radius r in the range w/5
H01B 7/30 - Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for reducing conductor losses when carrying AC, e.g. due to skin effect
H01B 9/02 - Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
The present invention relates to a system and a method for determining the power loss of a transformer (100). The method comprises measuring(201) voltage and current (V~H, I~H) at the primary side (101) of the transformer, calculating input power(202) by multiplying the measured current and voltage on the primary side (101) of the transformer; measuring (203) voltage and current (V~L, I~L) at the secondary side (102) of the transformer, calculate a nominal error ratio, calculating output power by multiplying the measured current and voltage on the secondary side of the transformer. The method further involves calculating (206) a first corrected power loss by means of multiplying the input power with the nominal error ratio and subtract the output power.
The present disclosure relates to a method of determining phasor components of a periodic waveform, wherein the method comprises: a) sampling the periodic waveform, b) determining a frequency spectrum of the sampled periodic waveform by means of a frequency transform utilizing a Gaussian window function, wherein a ratio np defined by the duration (T0) of the sampling of the periodic waveform divided by the width parameter (tw) of the Gaussian window function is at least 5, c) selecting a region of the frequency spectrum containing a frequency peak defined by a group of consecutive frequency bins each being defined by a frequency value and a magnitude value, and d) determining phasor components of the periodic waveform based on the group of consecutive frequency bins.
A high-voltage cable fitting (30) with a rigid core insulator (1) that has a first conical outer surface (4) extending concentrically about a longitudinal axis (5). An elastomeric stress relief element (6) has a first conical inner surface (7) is designed for mating the first conical outer surface (4) at an interface (9). A rigid member (11) is provided for pressurizing the elastomeric stress relief element (6) at the interface (9). The stress relief element (6) is pressed onto the rigid core insulator (1). The rigid member (11) has at least one pressure enhancing portion (17) extending circumferential about the longitudinal axis (5) for causing an additional axial expansion stress (23) in a sleeve portion (19) of the stress relief element (6) extending along the first conical outer surface (4) of the core insulator (1) in an assembled state of the cable fitting (30).
A high-voltage cable fitting, typically a cable end termination or a cable joint, comprises coaxially arranged around an axis (A) a rigid conical insulator, an electrically insulating, elastomeric stress-relief cone (20) matching the rigid conical insulator through a conical interface (30) and an axially aligned current path. The current path connects a conductor (42) of the cable (40) to a high-voltage current terminal (43) arranged on top of the rigid conical insulator and provided for connection to a high-voltage component. The rigid conical insulator is configured as a condenser core (10) and comprises a plurality of electrically conductive field-grading layers (13a, 13b, 13c), which are arranged concentrically around the axis (A), and a rigid polymeric matrix (14) which embeds the field-grading layers. In order to keep the size of the cable fitting small and to enable the fitting to carry high rated continuous currents a section (41) of the cable conductor (42), which is stripped off the insulation (44) of the cable (40), extends from the conical interface (30) to the high-voltage current terminal (43) and forms the axially aligned current path, and the condenser core (10) comprises an axially aligned tubular duct (11) which receives the stripped-off section (41) of the cable conductor (42) and which passes two opposing front faces (12a, 12b) of the condenser core (10)
The present disclosure relates to a method of manufacturing a capacitive electrical device. The method comprises a) bonding a first electrical insulation film with a second electrical insulation film to obtain a single electrical insulation film that has a larger surface area than any of the first electrical insulation film and the second electrical insulation film has alone, b) providing a conductive layer onto the single electrical insulation film, and c) winding the single electrical insulation film and the conductive layer around a shaft to obtain a layer of the single electrical insulation film and a layer of the conductive layer wound onto the shaft, thereby forming the capacitive electrical device.
A system for transient over voltage protection of a three-phase transformer. Two surge arresters are series connected across each winding of the transformer and the center point connection of the two surge arresters is electrically connected to a middle location of the winding. Three additional surge arresters are electrically connected from each phase to ground in the case of either a delta or Y connected transformer; and/or connected from a neutral point to ground in the case of a Y connected transformer. The system allows for all of the surge arresters to be packaged as an integrated surge arrester system to minimize induced transient over voltages and high stresses on the transformer winding due to internal resonances.
H01F 27/34 - Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
H01F 27/40 - Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
A surge arrester module (1 ) comprising : - first and second end electrodes (2, 3); and - a stack (4) of cylindrical elements (5) including at least one varistor block. The first end electrode comprises a first part (7) and a second part (8). A connecting element (20) is provided between said parts (7, 8) in order to keep them electrically connected to each other if a gap is formed between them. At least one clamping member (12) is connected to the second end electrode (3) and to the first part (7) of the first end electrode (2) in order to press them towards each other in the axial direction. Said at least one clamping member or at least one other clamping member ( 16) is connected to the second end electrode (3) and to the second part (8) of the first end electrode (2) in order to press them towards each other in the axial direction.
The present disclosure relates to a method for controlling a chain-link power converter (1), said converter comprising three phase legs (2), each of which phase legs comprising a plurality of series-connected converter cells (3), each of the cells comprising a DC capacitor, the phase legs being connected in a delta configuration. The method comprises: detecting an unsymmetrical voltage condition at a terminal of the converter; determining a ratio between a zero sequence and a negative sequence component of a compound current to be injected into the converter, based on the detected unsymmetrical voltage condition; calculating the compound current comprising the zero sequence component and the negative sequence component in accordance with the determined ratio; and injecting the compound current into the converter to control the converter in view of the detected unsymmetrical voltage condition.
It is provided a power converter for transferring power between a high voltage DC connection and a high voltage AC connection. The power converter comprises a power converter assembly (6) comprising: a first converter arm (13a), a first reactor (15a), a second reactor (15b) and a second converter arm (13b), connected serially between the positive (DC+) and negative terminals (DC-) of the DC connection. The high voltage AC connection is provided between the first reactor (15a) and the second reactor (15b). Each one of the converter arms comprises a plurality of converter cells and each one of the converter cells comprises a switching element and an energy storage element. Both the first reactor and the second reactor are oil filled reactors.
H02J 5/00 - Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks
H02M 7/48 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
H02M 7/483 - Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltage levels
H02M 7/493 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
The present invention relates to a terminal bushing sealing element, adapted to be fitted between a terminal bushing and a barrier element. The sealing element is elastic, has an annular shape, and comprises a wall with an inner surface and an outer surface. A first opening is provided at a first end of the sealing element and a second opening is provided at a second end of the sealing element, which is opposite to the first end and the wall extends between the first end and the second end. The wall comprises a first wall portion that is inclined such that a diameter of the sealing element increases from the first end in the direction towards the second end. The sealing element provides for improved sound attenuation while maintaining a long creepage distance and may be used in sound attenuation casings that are included in power capacitor arrangements.
An apparatus for enclosing a medium and/or high voltage unit connectable to an electric power system. The unit comprises one or a plurality of electrical components and generates heat as a by-product during operation. The apparatus comprises a housing comprising a main chamber housing a seat for holding the unit. The main chamber is arranged to house the unit. The housing comprises at least one gas exit opening at an upper part of the housing and at least one gas entry opening. The housing comprises a sound-absorptive gas exit chamber provided with the at least one gas exit opening. The housing comprises a sound-absorptive gas entry chamber provided with the at least one gas entry opening. A first free heat convection path is provided inside the housing between the at least one gas entry opening and the at least one gas exit opening, via the gas entry chamber, via the main chamber and via the gas exit chamber, in order to provide cooling. Each of the gas exit chamber and the gas entry chamber houses at least one sound-absorbing member for absorbing sound produced by the unit during operation. At least one of the gas exit chamber and the gas entry chamber has at least one heat conducting wall and at least one free space provided between the at least one sound-absorbing member and said wall such that the first free heat convection path is provided inside the housing between the at least one gas entry opening and the at least one gas exit opening via the at least one free space.
The present invention relates to a metallized film capacitor element comprising a plurality of concentrically arranged cylindrical sub-elements (3a-c), each sub-element including at least one metal coated dielectric film wound in a plurality of turns. The capacitor element further comprises one or more thermally conductive sections (4a-b) provided between the sub-elements. Each of the thermally conductive sections includes a sheet wound at least one turn and having a higher thermal conductivity than the metal coated dielectric film of the sub-elements. The second invention also relates to a thermally conducting film for improving the thermal conductivity of electrical power components. The thermally conducting film comprises an electrically insulating film and thermally conductive and electrically insulating particles disposed on at least one side of the film.
It is presented a converter arm for power conversion. The converter arm comprises: a plurality of converter cells, wherein each converter cell comprises a plurality of semiconductor switches, an energy storage element and at least three control signal connections arranged to control the conducting state of the plurality of semiconductor switches. Each converter cell is connected to receive a control signal from at least three entities via said control signal connections, wherein at least two of the three entities are neighbouring converter cells, and each converter cell is arranged to forward a control signal to all connected neighbouring converter cells via said control signal connections. A corresponding converter device is also presented.
The present invention relates to acircuit breaker including a first (1) and a second (2) contact movable relative each other between an open position, in which the contacts are at a distance from each other, and a closed position,in which the contacts are in electrical contact with each other.The first contact includes one or more contact elements (3) adapted to be in electrical contact with the second contact when the contacts are in the closed position, and a mesh(8)made of metal arranged in thermal contact with the contact elements.The mesh is arranged to at least partly surround the contact elements to allow heat to conduct from the contact elements to the mesh.
The present disclosure relates to a method of testing the integrity of a second seal (2) of an electrical insulator (8); the method comprising: filling a first volume (10) of the insulator with a gas comprising a detectable component, closing a second closable opening (4), evacuating a second volume (11) through a first closable opening (5), and determining that a second seal (6) between the second sealing element (2) and the body (8) or the closed second closable opening (4) is leaking if the detectable component is detected in the evacuated gas from the second volume (11). An electrical insulator is also disclosed.
G01M 3/22 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables, or tubesInvestigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipe joints or sealsInvestigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for valves
H01B 17/36 - Insulators having evacuated or gas-filled spaces
H02B 13/065 - Means for detecting or reacting to mechanical or electrical defects
40.
TRANSFORMER CONFIGURATION FOR A HVDC BACK-TO-BACK CONVERTER
An AC-AC converter system (500) comprises transformers and converter units (540a, b) on primary and secondary sides (550a, b) of the system, respectively. The converter system is connected to first and second AC networks (550a, b) and the converter units are interconnected by means of a DC link (560, 562). By integrating at least part of two transformers connected to the first and second network respectively into one transformer unit (530a-c), a cost efficient transformer configuration can be achieved. The converter system is preferably a back-to-back HVDC sytem.
H01F 30/04 - Fixed transformers not covered by group having two or more secondary windings, each supplying a separate load, e.g. for radio set power supplies
H01F 30/12 - Two-phase, three-phase or polyphase transformers
H02M 5/45 - Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
H02M 5/458 - Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 7/00 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power outputConversion of DC power input into AC power output
The present invention relates to an electrical insulator 1 comprising: a first connector 2 of an electrically conducting material; a second connector 3 of an electrically conducting material; and an electrically insulating material 9 being arranged between the first connector 2 and the second connector 3, insulating said connectors from each other; wherein a part 11 of the first connector 2 extends past a part 12 of the second connector 3, partly enveloping said part 12 of the second connector. The invention also relates to a surge arrester arrangement, to a use of an electrical insulator 1 for insulating a surge arrester, and to a method for production of such an electrical insulator 1.
A circuit breaker (100) is disclosed. The circuit breaker (100) comprises a first current path section (102a) and a second current path section (102b). At least one of the first and second current path section (102a, 102b) comprises a first current path section member (106a, 106b) and at least one second current path section member (107a, 107b). The at least one second current path section member (107a, 107b) is arranged in spaced relation to a surface (109a, 109b) of the first current path section member (106a, 106b). The at least one second current path section member (107a, 107b) is electrically coupled with the first current path section member (106a, 106b) via at least a first coupling surface portion (110a, 110b) of the surface (109a, 109b) of the first current path section member (106a, 106b).
H01H 33/02 - High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means Details
H01H 33/14 - Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc
H01H 33/91 - Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by, or in conjunction with, the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
43.
A METHOD IN AN ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM, CONTROLLER, COMPUTER PROGRAMS, COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCTS AND ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM
The invention relates to a method (20) in an electric power system (1) comprising one or more power generation source (s) (3, 4, 5) and a dynamic power compensator (6) having a battery energy storage (10). The method (20) comprises the steps of: detecting (21) a frequency disturbance within the electricity power system (1) requiring an additional power generation source (3, 4, 5) to be connected to the electricity power system (1) in order to meet a power demand; and controlling (22) the power output from the battery energy storage (10) of the dynamic power compensator (6) during start-up of the additional power generation source (3, 4, 5), thereby limiting the frequency disturbance within the electric power system (1). The invention also relates to a controller, computer program, computer program products and electric power system.
The invention concerns a wireless communication device (24) for a wireless network employing a wireless time division communication structure, where the wireless communication device comprises a wireless transmitter (32), a wireless receiver (38) and an access control unit (30), which is configured to order the wireless transmitter to transmit, in a contention interval, a priority setting of a wireless communication device competing for resources, where the priority setting is transmitted as a signal having a frequency representing the priority setting, order the wireless receiver to receive, in the contention interval, priority settings of other competing wireless communication devices as signals having frequencies representing these priority settings, compare the transmitted priority setting with the received priority settings and seize a following data interval if the transmitted priority setting is higher than the received priority settings.
45.
DYNAMIC ASSIGNING OF BANDWIDTH TO FIELD DEVICES IN A PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM
The invention concerns a wireless network managing device (22) for a wireless network (WN1) that is part of a process control system (10). The wireless network managing device comprises a node determination element configured to receive an operator selection of at least one node in the process control system via an operator terminal (12) and determine a field device (24) implementing the functionality of the node, and a bandwidth control element configured to adjust a bandwidth assigned to said at least one field device in an auxiliary data section of a communication structure used by the wireless network based on the received operator selection in order to increase system responsiveness.
G05B 19/418 - Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
The invention relates to a method 30 for de-energizing a chain-link converter 1 comprising one or more phase legs L1, L2, L3, each phase leg L1, L2, L3 comprising a number of series-connected converter cells 21, 22,..., 2n. The phase legs L1, L2, L3 are connected to a respective charging resistor RL1, RL2, RL3. The method 30 comprises the steps of: opening 31 AC circuit breakers 4L1, 4L2, 4L3 arranged between a power grid 3 and the chain-link converter 1, opening 32 charging resistors switches SL1, SL2, SL3 arranged in parallel with a respective one of charging resistors RL1, RL2, RL3, and circulating 33 a current within the chain-link converter 1 through the charging resistors RL1, RL2, RL3 and each phase leg L1, L2, L3, whereby the DC capacitor 71, 72,..., 7n are discharged. The invention also relates to a controller, computer program and computer program products.
H02M 1/36 - Means for starting or stopping converters
H02M 7/48 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
47.
STRENGTHENING ELEMENT FOR A MOUNTING FLANGE OF A HOLLOW CYLINDRICAL INSULATOR HOUSING
According to a first aspect there is provided an insulator housing suitable for electrical products for high voltage, for example, surge arresters, breakers or bushings. The insulator housing comprises a first cylindrical end and a second cylindrical end having a hollow insulator body. The first end and/or second end is provided with a cylindrical flange for attaching the insulator housing to an external device at a first end of the flange. At least one strengthening element is arranged at a second end of the flange.
The invention relates to a device for quick closing of an electric circuit having a main spark gap with main electrodes and a triggering device. The triggering device has an auxiliary spark gap with auxiliary electrodes for igniting an arc in the main spark gap. The auxiliary electrodes are shielded from the main spark gap by a shielding unit (4) having channel means (9, 10) extending therethrough from an auxiliary spark gap facing side (11) to a main spark gap facing side (12) of the shielding unit (4). According to the invention, device further includes a nozzle (6) with a first end being most close to the auxiliary spark gap and a second end most close to the main spark gap. The first end has an inlet opening (7) that is in connection with the channel means (9, 10) and the second end has an outlet opening (8). The invention also relates to a corresponding method and to a use of the device.
It is presented a gate control circuit comprising: a gate input arranged to receive an input gate feed signal; a gate output arranged to be connected, during normal operation, to at least one switching module for controlling current through a main circuit, the gate output being connected to the gate input; a power supply; and a switch connected between the power supply and the gate output, the switch being arranged to close as a response to a failure. A corresponding power module and method are also presented.
The invention relates to as witching apparatus for closing and/or opening an electric circuit. It has an actuating unit (3, 5, 22)and a bistable mechanism(6). The actuating unit (3, 5, 22) is linearly movable between a first end position in which the switching apparatus is in a closed state and a second end position in which the switching apparatus is in an open state. The linear movement defines an axis. The bistable mechanism is arranged to ensure that the actuating unit (3,, 22) is held in either of the end positions. According to the invention,the bistable mechanism includes a cam means (7a, 7b) mechanically connected to the actuating unit (3, 5, 22) and at least one cam follower (8). The invention also relates to a use of the invented apparatus.
A bushing (11) comprising a bottom contact (3), and a tubular conductor (2), having a lower part having an end in electrical and mechanical contact with the bottom contact, and a draw rod arrangement, inside the conductor, arranged to exert sufficient contact pressure between the bottom contact and the conductor, and the draw rod arrangement comprises a member (10) in mechanical contact with the conductor and draw rod (1) having a second end, fixedly connected to the bottom contact, and a first end in connection to the member and clamping means (5), the clamping means is adapted to apply a force, urging the member in the direction of the bottom contact to generate sufficient contact pressure between the bottom contact and the conductor. The member (10) of the draw rod arrangement is arranged to apply said force to the lower part of the conductor.
A device (400) for sensing a binary signal (450) is provided. The device comprises means (410) for measuring a signal level of the signal, means (420) for determining whether the measured signal level is "low" or "high", means (430) for providing a variable input impedance, and means (440) for controlling the input impedance in response to the measured signal level. The variable input impedance may be provided by way of a transistor (T) and a resistor (R), and by controlling the duty ratio of the transistor using pulse width modulation. Preferably, the input impedance is controlled to be low for low signal levels and to be high for high signal levels, which results in a more reliable sensing of binary signals. The device may be used for detecting the state of contact transducers suffering from parasitic resistances caused by moist and/or polluted environments. Further, a method of sensing a binary signal is provided.
A high voltage DC switchyard (40) comprises at least one busbar (41, 42), at least two DC lines (43-46) connected to said at least one busbar through DC breakers (50-55) comprising a section of at least one semiconductor device (48) of turn-off type and rectifying member (49) in anti-parallel therewith. At least one said DC line is connected to at least one said busbar through a unidirectional said DC breaker (50, 52, 53, 55), i.e. a DC breaker that may only block current therethrough in one direction.
A plant for transmitting electric power comprises a high voltage DC line (4-7), a DC breaker (8-13) connected in series with the DC line and configured to break a fault current upon occurrence of a fault on said DC line, means (21) configured to detect occurrence of a fault current, a control unit (22) configured to control a said DC breaker for protecting equipment connected to the DC line upon occurrence of a said fault current and means configured to dissipate energy stored in a faulty current path of the DC line between said location (23) and these means upon occurrence of a said fault to the moment of said control of said DC breaker. The energy dissipating means comprises a series connection of an energy consuming braking resistor (28) and a free-wheeling rectifying member (29) connected between ground and said DC line to conduct current while forming a free-wheeling path therethrough upon said control of said DC breaker upon occurrence of a said fault.
H02H 3/20 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to excess voltage
H02J 3/36 - Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
A high voltage DC breaker apparatus configured to break a fault current occurring in a high voltage DC conductor (15) comprises a current limiting arrangement (11) having at least one section (12) with at least one semiconductor device (13) of turn-off type and at least one arrester (14) connected in parallel therewith, and a mechanical DC breaker (18) connected in series with the current limiting arrangement and including a mechanical switch (19). The mechanical DC breaker is configured to enable breaking of a fault current in said DC conductor (15) once said semiconductor devices of said arrangement have been turned off.
H01H 33/59 - Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the AC cycle
An electrical bushing for providing electrical insulation of a conductor extending through the bushing is disclosed. The bushing comprises: at least one conductive foil concentrically arranged around the conductor location; and at least one FGM part, made from a field grading material and at least partly arranged in the extension of at least part of a foil edge (205/405) of a conductive foil. The FGM part and the conductive foil, in the extension of which the FGM part is arranged, are in electrical contact.
A substation has a converter comprising a first set (S1) of series connected converter valve elements provided between a first (V1) and a second (V2) potential, where the absolute value of the second potential is higher than the absolute value of the first potential, and a second set (S2) of converter valve elements, comprising at least one converter valve element, provided between the second and a third potential (V3), where the absolute value of the third potential is higher than the absolute value of the second potential and all converter valve elements of the second set are placed inside one or more casings (28) placed on elongated post-like insulation (24), where the potential of the end of the post-like insulation on which the casings are placed is in a range between the second and the third potential, while the other end of the post like insulation is at ground potential.
H02M 7/521 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
58.
SWITCHING MODULE FOR USE IN A DEVICE TO LIMIT AND/OR BREAK THE CURRENT OF A POWER TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION LINE
A switching module (38), intended to be used in a medium or high voltage DC breaker or a DC current limiter, comprises at least one power semiconductor switching element (1, 2), a gate unit (31 ) arranged to turn the at least one power semiconductor switching element on and off, respectively, according to a switching control signal, and an energy storage capacitor (25) arranged to provide power to a power supply input (29) of the gate unit. The switching module comprises further power transformation means (20) arranged to receive an optical power signal, to transform the optical power signal into an electrical power signal and to provide the electrical power signal to the energy storage capacitor (25).
H02M 1/092 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices the control signals being transmitted optically
The invention relates to a battery energy storage system comprising a control unit (7a-c, 12a-c, 17) and a plurality of battery units (2a-c). The battery units (2a-c) are arranged in series, and each battery unit (2a-c) comprises at least one semiconductor switch (23) and at least one battery module (22) comprising a plurality of battery cells (22). Each battery module (22) is connected in series with a respective semiconductor switch (23), and the control unit (7a-c, 12a-c, 17) is operatively connected to the at least one semiconductor switch and adapted to control the at least one semiconductor switch (23) of every battery unit (2a-c).
The present invention relates to an apparatus for connection between power transmission system field equipment and control and protection equipment and comprising at least one input/output module (24). The module (24) comprises a box (34) enclosing a circuit board with at least one signal handling unit, at least one bus connector (36, 38) that stretches through a first side of the box, and a set of terminal blocks (40) for connection of field wires to the field equipment, where the terminal blocks are placed on a second side of the box. The at least one signal handling unit includes at least one unit for conversion of input and output signals to and from the field equipment and bus communication according to a bus communication protocol.
H01R 9/26 - Clip-on terminal blocks for side-by-side rail or strip-mounting
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
The present invention relates to a fault detection system for detection of line faults on an electrode line in an HVDC system wherein the electrode line comprises a first and second branch connected in parallel. The fault detection system comprises a first and second pulse generation circuit arranged to generate electrical pulses onto the first and second branches, respectively, as well as first and second current measurement devices arranged to generate signals indicative of electrical signals occurring in first and second injection lines, respectively. The possibility of independent generation of electrical pulses onto the first and second branches, respectively, as well as the independent registration of first and second signal patterns representing electrical signals on the first and second injection lines, respectively, increases the information content in the collected data, thereby facilitating for a more reliable analysis of whether or not a fault is present on the electrode line.
G01R 31/11 - Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks using pulse-reflection methods
H02H 5/10 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to mechanical injury, e.g. rupture of line, breakage of earth connection
H02H 7/26 - Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occurred
H02J 3/36 - Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
62.
DEVICE AND METHOD TO BREAK THE CURRENT OF A POWER TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION LINE AND CURRENT LIMITING ARRANGEMENT
A device (13) to break an electrical current flowing through a power transmission or distribution line (14) comprises a parallel connection of a main breaker (8) and a non-linear resistor (11), where the main breaker (8) comprises at least one power semiconductor switch of a first current direction. The device (13) further comprises a series connection of a high speed switch (10) comprising at least one mechanical switch and of an auxiliary breaker (9), the auxiliary breaker having a smaller on-resistance than the main breaker (8) and comprising at least one power semiconductor switch of the first current direction. The series connection is connected in parallel to the parallel connection. In a method to use the device (13) first the auxiliary breaker (9) is opened, thereby commutating the current to the main breaker (8), afterwards the high speed switch (10) is opened and afterwards the main breaker (8) is opened thereby commutating the current to the non-linear resistor (11). The device (13) can further be used in a current limiting arrangement.
The invention relates to a spring operated actuator for an electrical switching apparatus. The actuator has a main shaft (1) transmitting the actuation movement to the switching apparatus and has opening spring means and closing spring means. According to the invention the opening spring means includes an opening torsion spring (3) and the closing means includes a closing torsion spring (4). The axes of the torsion springs (3, 4) extend in the same direction and at a distance from each other that is less than 20 % of the external opening spring diameter.
It is presented a method for calculating insertion indices for a phase leg of a DC to AC modular multilevel converter. Each phase leg comprises two serially connected arms, wherein each arm comprises a number of submodules, wherein each submodule can be in a bypass state or a voltage insert mode. The insertion index comprises data representing the portion of available submodules that should be in the voltage insert mode. The method comprises the steps of : calculating a desired arm voltage for an upper arm connected to the upper DC source common bar and a lower arm connected to the lower DC source common bar, obtaining values representing actual total arm voltages in the upper arm and lower arm, respectively, and calculating modulation indices for the upper and lower arm, respectively, using the respective desired arm voltage and the respective value representing the total actual arm voltage. A corresponding apparatus is also presented.
An arrangement for exchanging power with a three-phase electric power network comprises a Voltage Source Converter (5) having three phase legs (A-C) with each a series connection of switching cells. The three phase legs are interconnected by forming a delta-connection. The arrangement also comprises a control unit (19) configured to calculate a value for amplitude and phase position for a zero-sequence current for which, when circulated in the delta-connection circuit of said three phase legs, the balance of the total direct voltage of each of said three phase legs (A-C) with respect to the other two phase legs is restored will there be an unbalance and control the semiconductor devices of switching cells of the phase legs to add such a zero-sequence current to the currents of each phase leg of the converter.
H02J 3/18 - Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
H02M 5/458 - Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
An arrangement for exchanging power, in shunt connection, with a three-phase electric power network (1) comprises a Voltage Source Converter (5) having at least three phase legs (6-11) with each a series connection of switching cells (15). Each switching cell has at least two semiconductor assemblies (16, 17) connected in series and having each a semiconductor device (18) of turn-off- type and a rectifying element (19) connected in anti-parallel therewith and at least one energy storing capacitor (20). A control unit (41) is configured to control the semiconductor devices of each switching cell and to deliver a voltage across the terminals thereof being zero or U, in which U is the voltage across the capacitor. The control unit is also configured to calculate a value for amplitude and phase position for a second negative sequence-current or a zero-sequence voltage or a value of a dc current for which, when added to said three phase legs upon generation of a negative-sequence current, the resulting energy stored in the energy storing capacitors in each said phase leg will be constant and to control the semiconductordevices of said switching cells of the phase legs to add such a current or voltage to the currents and voltages, respectively, of each phase leg of the converter.
The invention concerns a method of controlling an inverter device, a control device as well as an inverter device and a direct current power transmission system. The direct current power transmission system (10) is provided for connection to an AC voltage bus (13) of an AC power system (14) and comprises the control device (24) and the inverter device (18) that converts between DC power and AC power. The control device (24) receives measurements of the voltage (VAC) at the AC voltage bus (13) and controls the inverter device (18) to provide a constant AC voltage on the bus.
The invention provides improved control of a power transmission system having a first group of measurement units (10, 12, 14) in a first geographical area (A_1) providing a first set of phasors and a second group of measurement units (16, 18) in a second geographical area (A_2) providing a second set of phasors, where the phasors in the sets are generated at the same instant in time. In this system the power control device (32) includes a phasor aligning unit (30) that time aligns the first and second sets of phasors and a control unit (33) that compares each set of phasors with a corresponding phasor number threshold, determines that a first control condition is fulfilled if each phasor number threshold has been exceeded and enables the provision of a common signal if the first control condition is fulfilled. The common signal is based on the obtained phasors in the first and second sets.
An arrangement to determine a cell capacitor voltage value (U dc) of a cell (10") of a multi-cell power converter comprises the cell (10") and a control unit (28). The cell (10") itself comprises four power electronic valves (1-4) interconnected as a full-bridge converter having a first and a second phase leg, where each phase leg comprises a series-connection of two (1, 3; 2, 4) of the four power electronic valves and where the connection point (6; 7) between the two power electronic valves of each phase leg is externally connectable, a cell capacitor (5) being connected in parallel to the first and the second phase legs, and four gate units (16-19), each being connected to a corresponding one of the power electronic valves (1-4) as well as to the control unit (28). Each of the four gate units (16-19) comprises a voltage measurement unit (24-27) adapted to take a continuous voltage measurement across the corresponding power electronic valve, and each of the four gate units (16-19) is adapted to transmit its continuous voltage measurement. The control unit (28) is adapted to receive from each of the four gate units (16-19) its continuous voltage measurement and to determine the cell capacitor voltage value (U dc) based on at least one of these voltage measurements.
Voltage source converter based on a chain-link cell topology, said converter comprising one or more phases (L1, L2, L3), each of said phases comprising one or more series- connected chain- link cell modules connected to each other, an output voltage of said voltage source converter is controlled by control signals applied to said cell modules. In case of failure of a chain- link cell module that module is controlled, by said control signals, such that zero output voltage is provided at its output voltage AC terminal.
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02M 7/793 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power outputConversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using discharge tubes only
71.
METHOD IN A CASCADED TWO-LEVEL CONVERTER, CONTROL DEVICE AND COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCTS
The invention relates to a method (20) for providing a switching order signal to a cell (2 1..., 2n) of a cascaded two-levelconverter (1). The (2 1..., 2n) comprises a capacitor parallel-connected with two series-connected semiconductor devices (3a, 3b). The cascaded two-level converter comprises two or more of the cells cascade connected and arranged in a phase, divided into two phase arms (7, 8), between a first pole (4a) and a second pole (4b) of a direct voltage side. The method (20) is characterized by the steps of : measuring (21) voltages of the capacitor of the cell; calculating (22) a compensated voltage reference based on a voltage reference and the measured voltages of the capacitors, wherein the voltage reference corresponds to a desired ac current to be output on an ac-side; using the compensated voltage reference (r) to calculate a switching order signal, and providing the switching order signal to the cells (2 1..., 2n).
H02M 1/12 - Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output
H02M 7/797 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power outputConversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
A method and a device to supervise a power network (1) are described, where data representing at least a part of the power network (1) are processed and transformed into graphical data (PG), the graphical data (PG) are displayed on a graphicaldisplay unit (5) as a first visualization (7) of the power network (1) at a less detailed zoom level (Zoom 1) and a user request on how to modify the first visualization (7) is processed, where the user request is received from a user input unit (6). In the first visualization (7), there is displayed at least one selectable element (9) which is selectable via the user input unit (6) and which is assigned to a predefined portion of the power network (1) and to a more detailed zoom level (Zoom 2). After a user request is receivedindicating that the selectable element (9) was selected by a user, the predefined portion of the power network (1) is displayedat the more detailed zoom level (Zoom 2) as a second visualization (10) on top of the first visualization (7).
The invention relates to power networks, and in particular to a battery energy source arrangement 4 and voltage source converter system in such network. The battery energy source arrangement comprises a battery energy storage 2, which in turn comprises one or more parallel-connected battery strings 51,..., 5i,..., 5n, and connection means for connecting a voltage of battery strings 51,..., 5i,..., 5n to a load 1. The battery energy arrangement 4 comprises further battery string voltage adapter devices 71,..., 7i,..., 7n connected in series with a respective one of the one or more battery strings 51,..., 5i,..., 5n wherein the battery string voltage adapter devices 71,..., 7i,..., 7n are designed to handle only a fraction of the voltage handled by the battery strings 51,..., 5i,..., 5n.
H02J 3/32 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
H02M 7/797 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power outputConversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
A plant for transmitting electric power through HVDC comprises two converter stations (101, 102) interconnected by a bipolar direct voltage network (103) and each connected to an alternating voltage network (104, 105). Each converter station has a Voltage Source Converter with switching cells each including at least one energy storing capacitor. The Voltage Source Converters are configured to utilize a direct voltage having a higher magnitude for a first of the poles than for a second thereof with respect to ground.
A device for breaking DC currents exceeding 2500 A has a resonance circuit (2) connected in parallel with an interrupter (1 ) and a surge arrester (7) connected in parallel with the resonance circuit. The resonance circuit has a series connection of a capacitor (3) and an inductance (4). The relationship of the capacitance in .mu.F to the inductance in .mu.H of the resonance circuit is .gtoreq. 1.
H01H 33/59 - Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the AC cycle
76.
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TRANSMISSION LINE CONTROL
It is presented an apparatus comprising: a converter (118) having an AC side and a DC side, a switch (112) adapt-ed to be connected to a transmission line (104) on a first side and the switch being adapted to be connected to a load (122) on a second side, the second side also being connected to the AC side of the converter, an energy storage device (120), connected to the DC side of the converter. In a first operating mode, the switch is closed, such that an energy storage current flows to or from the energy storage device to charge or discharge the energy storage device, respectively, using the converter' for any necessary conversion between AC and DC. In a second operating mode, the switch is open, preventing current from flowing from the trans-mission line to the converter, and the energy storage device supplies a direct current which is converted to an alternating current by the converter. Moreover, in the first operating mode, the apparatus is configured such that a power transfer on the transmission line corresponds to a surge impedance loading of the transmission line, by affecting the energy storage current. A corresponding method is also presented.
A Voltage Source Converter having at least one phase leg connected to opposite poles of a direct voltage side of the converter and comprising a series connection of switching elements (7!) including at least one energy storing capacitor and configured to obtain two switching states, namely a first switching state and a second switching state, in which the voltage across said at least one energy storing capacitor and a zero voltage, respectively, is applied across the terminals of the switching element, has semiconductor chips of said switching elements arranged in stacks (S) comprising each at least two semiconductor chips. The converter comprises an arrangement (39) configured to apply a pressure to opposite ends of each stack.
H01L 25/07 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses , , , , or , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in subclass
H01L 25/11 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses , , , , or , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in subclass
An elongated member has an outer sleeve-like rigid insulator shell (1) surrounding a high voltage conductor (5) extending in the longitudinal direction of the shell and a gap (10) inside the shell next to the internal wall of the shell at least partially surrounding said conductor and filled with a medium (11) of a material of with electrically insulating properties. Said medium is formed by an electrically insulating material containing hollow spaces at least partially filled with gas, and the material is adapted to expand upon a temperature rise thereof by reversibly compressing said hollow spaces and reducing the volume thereof.
A universal control and diagnostic system (10) for a transformer (12) that may be retrofit with existing control and tap-changer equipment, the system providing for remote monitoring and control of the equipment and for measuring various criteria associated with the tap-changer to substantially minimize damage to the equipment during a maneuver and for substantially avoiding carbonization of a connected contact.
G01R 31/327 - Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
G05F 1/147 - Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is actually regulated by the final control device is AC using tap transformers or tap changing inductors as final control devices with motor driven tap switch
H01F 29/04 - Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group with tappings on coil or windingVariable transformers or inductances not covered by group with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
H01H 9/00 - Details of switching devices, not covered by groups
H02H 7/055 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for transformers for tapped transformers or tap-changing means thereof
patents