A radiation-assisted (typically solar-assisted)electrolyzer cell and panel for high-efficiency hydrogen production comprises a photoelectrode and electrode pair, with said photoelectrode comprising either a photoanode electrically coupled to a cathode shared with an anode, or a photocathode electrically coupled to an anode shared with a cathode; electrolyte; gas separators; all within a container divided into two chambers by said shared cathode or shared anode, and at least a portion of which is transparent to the electromagnetic radiation required by said photoanode (or photocathode) to apply photovoltage to a shared cathode (or anode) that increases the electrolysis current and hydrogen production.
C25B 11/091 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
C25B 11/00 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
H01M 14/00 - Electrochemical current or voltage generators not provided for in groups Manufacture thereof
C25B 9/70 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells
C25B 11/077 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide
C25B 11/042 - Electrodes formed of a single material
A radiation-assisted (typically solar-assisted) electrolyzer cell and panel for high-efficiency hydrogen production comprises a photoelectrode and electrode pair, with said photoelectrode comprising either a photoanode electrically coupled to a cathode shared with an anode, or a photocathode electrically coupled to an anode shared with a cathode; electrolyte; gas separators; all within a container divided into two chambers by said shared cathode or shared anode, and at least a portion of which is transparent to the electromagnetic radiation required by said photoanode (or photocathode) to apply photovoltage to a shared cathode (or anode) that increases the electrolysis current and hydrogen production.
C25B 11/091 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compoundElectrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
C25B 11/00 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
H01M 14/00 - Electrochemical current or voltage generators not provided for in groups Manufacture thereof
C25B 9/70 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells
C25B 11/077 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide
C25B 11/042 - Electrodes formed of a single material
A radiation-assisted (typically solar-assisted) electrolyzer cell and panel for high-efficiency hydrogen production comprises a photoelectrode (1) and electrode pair (2, 3), with said photoelectrode (1) comprising either a photoanode electrically coupled to a cathode (2) shared with an anode (3), or a photocathode electrically coupled to an anode shared with a cathode; electrolyte; gas separators; all within a container (9) divided into two chambers (7 A, 7b) by said shared cathode (2) or shared anode, and at least a portion of which (10) is transparent to the electromagnetic radiation required by said photoanode (1) (or photocathode) to apply photovoltage to a shared cathode (2) (or anode) that increases the electrolysis current and hydrogen production.
C25B 1/00 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
C25B 1/06 - Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals of hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water in cells with flat or plate-like electrodes
C25B 9/08 - Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
C25B 11/03 - ElectrodesManufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
A photoelectrochemical secondary cell comprising a photocatalytic anode, or photoanode; an anode; a cathode comprising a metal hydride; electrolyte; separator; and case at least a portion of which is transparent to the electromagnetic radiation required by said photoanode to charge said photoelectrochemical secondary cell.
Titania having high visible light photocatalytic activity is prepared by (a) mixing titania with carbon powder; (b) heating the titania/carbon powder mixture to at least about 1000° C. in an inert or weakly reactive atmosphere; and (c) thereafter heating the resultant powder mixture to a temperature in the range of about 350 to about 1000° C. in an oxidizing atmosphere. The resultant titania may be used for detoxifying or disinfecting liquids for gases, for generating hydrogen from aqueous media and in sunscreens and sunglasses.
Titania having high visible light photocatalytic activity is prepared by (a) mixing titania with carbon powder; (b) heating the titania/carbon powder mixture to at least about 1000°C in an inert or weakly reactive atmosphere; and (c) thereafter heating the resultant powder mixture to a temperature in the range of about 350 to about 1000°C in an oxidizing atmosphere. The resultant titania may be used for detoxifying or disinfecting liquids for gases, for generating hydrogen from aqueous media and in sunscreens and sunglasses, and as a fade resistant pigment.
Titania is a semiconductor and photocatalyst that is also chemically inert. With its bandgap of 3.2 and greater, to activate the photocatalytic property of titania requires light of about 390 nm wavelength, which is in the ultra-violet, where sunlight is very low in intensity. A method and devices are disclosed wherein stress is induced and managed in a thin film of titania in order to shift and lower the bandgap energy into the longer wavelengths that are more abundant in sunlight. Applications of this stress-induced bandgap- shifted titania photocatalytic surface include photoelectrolysis for production of hydrogen gas from water, photovoltaics for production of electricity, and photocatalysis for detoxification and disinfection.
Titania is a semiconductor and photocatalyst that is also chemically inert. With its bandgap of 3.2 and greater, to activate the photocatalytic property of titania requires light of about 390 nm wavelength, which is in the ultra-violet, where sunlight is very low in intensity. A method and devices are disclosed wherein stress is induced and managed in a thin film of titania in order to shift and lower the bandgap energy into the longer wavelengths that are more abundant in sunlight. Applications of this stress-induced bandgap-shifted titania photocatalytic surface include photoelectrolysis for production of hydrogen gas from water, photovoltaics for production of electricity, and photocatalysis for detoxification and disinfection.
Titania is a semiconductor and photocatalyst that is also chemically inert. With its bandgap of 3.0, to activate the photocatalytic property of titania requires light of about 390 nm wavelength, which is in the ultra-violet (UV), where sunlight is very low in intensity. A method and devices are disclosed wherein stress is induced and managed in a thin film of titania in order to shift and lower the bandgap energy into the longer wavelengths that are more abundant in sunlight. Applications of this stress-induced bandgap-shifted titania photocatalytic surface include photoelectrolysis for production of hydrogen gas from water, photovoltaics for production of electricity, and photocatalysis for detoxification and disinfection.
H01L 31/042 - PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
H02N 6/00 - Generators in which light radiation is directly converted into electrical energy (solar cells or assemblies thereof H01L 25/00, H01L 31/00)
