An optical fiber measurement device (100) for monitoring bolt axial force comprises: an optical fiber (23) which is for measuring the strain of a body being measured; a fiber mounting and fixing body (25) which includes a fiber mount nut (21S), which is obtained by altering the shape of the outer peripheral portion of a nut (21) of one among a plurality of sets of bolts (20) and nuts (21) and installing the optical fiber (23) thereon; and an optical fiber strain distribution measurement unit (24) which measures the distribution of the hoop strain of the fiber mount nut (21S) caused by the axial force of a bolt along the optical fiber (23) mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the fiber mount nut (21S). The hoop strain and the distribution of the hoop strain of the fiber mount nut (21S) are measured in advance by the optical fiber strain distribution measurement unit (24), and the optical fiber (23) is mounted at a prescribed position in the axial direction that corresponds to the value of the hoop strain or the distribution of the hoop strain as measured in advance to monitor the bolt axial force.
G01L 5/00 - Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
G01L 1/24 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis
2.
POWER CABLE MONITORING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SENSOR ROPE
This power cable monitoring system includes: a power cable including a power transmission cable provided at an inner circumferential part, an armoring wire provided at an outer circumferential part, and sensor ropes having an optical fiber to detect a physical quantity of a measurement target; and a backscattering light measurement device which measures distribution of the physical quantity of the measurement target, using backscattering light from the optical fiber, wherein distribution of temperature and strain of the power cable is obtained from a frequency shift signal of Rayleigh backscattering light obtained by the backscattering light measurement device on the basis of a signal detected by the sensor ropes, and a polarization distribution signal obtained from the Rayleigh backscattering light.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G02B 6/44 - Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
A Rayleigh intensity pattern measurement device includes: a tunable-wavelength LD (1); an optical coupler; a reception unit which receives coherent light from the tunable-wavelength LD and the Rayleigh scattering light; and an RIP digital processing unit which receives an output signal from the reception unit by an A/D converter, calculates a cross-correlation coefficient from two different Rayleigh intensity pattern signals obtained from the Rayleigh scattering light, and stores a cross-correlation coefficient obtained from a result of comparison with a given threshold. If the compared cross-correlation coefficient is smaller than the threshold, the cross-correlation coefficient is calculated until becoming equal to or greater than the threshold, and Rayleigh frequency shift is calculated from the cross-correlation coefficient that has become equal to or greater than the threshold, whereby a strain distribution or a temperature distribution of a measurement target is measured.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
4.
FIBER OPTIC STRAIN SENSOR AND SEISMIC MONITORING SYSTEM
A seismic monitoring system, including a fiber optic cable defining a central axis and including an axial optical fiber disposed along the central axis, and three helical optical fibers disposed helically around the central axis, said three helical optical fibers being equidistantly spaced apart, a strain sensing unit configured to measure axial strain distribution in the axial optical fiber and in the three helical optical fibers, and a processing server configured to calculate, from the measured axial strain distribution in the axial optical fiber and in the three helical optical fibers, axial strain distribution in the fiber optic cable, pressure distribution in the fiber optic cable, bending distribution in the fiber optic cable in a first direction, and bending distribution in the fiber optic cable in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
A seismic monitoring system, including a fiber optic cable defining a central axis and including an axial optical fiber disposed along the central axis, and three helical optical fibers disposed helically around the central axis, said three helical optical fibers being equidistantly spaced apart, a strain sensing unit configured to measure axial strain distribution in the axial optical fiber and in the three helical optical fibers, and a processing server configured to calculate, from the measured axial strain distribution in the axial optical fiber and in the three helical optical fibers, axial strain distribution in the fiber optic cable, pressure distribution in the fiber optic cable, bending distribution in the fiber optic cable in a first direction, and bending distribution in the fiber optic cable in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
G01L 1/24 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G01H 9/00 - Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
This optical fiber ultrasonic distribution measurement device (30) is provided with: a light source module (31) that has an LD (311), a chirped pulse light generation module (314), an optical fiber ring circuit (315) which has a predetermined ring length, into which chirped pulse light is input, and which outputs a chirped pulse light group at a prescribed sweep time interval, and a polarized wave diversity reception module (317) that receives back scattered light and laser light from the LD (311); and a ring chirp interval and delay control module (33) that controls the sweep time interval for chirped pulse light and delays the timing at which a chirped pulse light group enters a measurement object, wherein a plurality of pulses of chirped pulse light with different sweep frequency bands are caused to enter the measurement object, the same number of rays of back scattered light as the number of pulses of the chirped pulse light are received and restored, and in the restoration, the frequency band widths of the received signals are defined so as to receive the pulses of the chirped pulse light in such a manner that each chirped pulse light that has entered the measurement object is identified.
AGENCE NATIONALE POUR LA GESTION DES DECHETS RADIOACTIFS (France)
Inventor
Kishida Kinzo
Bertrand Johan
Abstract
An optical-fiber measurement cable (10) for a radiation environment, the cable having high-temperature resistance, burning resistance, and radiation resistance, includes: a base member (1) made of PEEK and having an embossed surface; and optical cables (4) provided in a central portion inside the base member (1), the cable being formed in a tape shape as a whole, and is characterized in that the optical cables (4) have, inside thereof, optical fibers (2) for measurement, and the surfaces of the optical cables (4) are covered by inorganic-organic hybrid polymer films (3).
G02B 6/44 - Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
G01D 5/26 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
G02B 6/00 - Light guidesStructural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
An armored DSS cable includes: an inner layer part including a first rope helically wound; and a surface layer part including an optical fiber module and a plurality of third ropes, the optical fiber module having an optical fiber and a plurality of second ropes helically surrounding the optical fiber and having a smaller outer diameter than the first rope, the third ropes having a larger outer diameter than the first rope, such that the optical fiber module and the third ropes are arranged on an identical circle and helically wound, wherein the inner layer part and the surface layer part are formed concentrically.
A fiber optic cable includes a braided core defining a plurality of helical grooves, and one or more optical fibers disposed along one or more of the helical grooves of the braided core. The elongated structures braided to form the braided core are composed of braided ropes or monolithic wires. An outer layer disposed over an outer surface of the braided core is composed of a metal layer or a flexible plastic layer.
A fiber optic cable includes a braided core (1) defining a plurality of helical grooves (3a-3c), and one or more optical fibers (4a-4c) disposed along one or more of the helical grooves (3a-3c) of the braided core (1). The elongated structures braided to form the braided core (1) are composed of braided ropes (2a-2c) or monolithic wires (2d-2f). An outer layer disposed over an outer surface of the braided core is composed of a metal layer (5) or a flexible plastic layer (6).
G02B 6/44 - Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
G01K 11/32 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
G01L 1/24 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis
11.
DISTRIBUTED POSITION DETECTION ROPE AND DISTRIBUTED POSITION DETECTION SYSTEM
NISHI NIPPON ELECTRIC WIRE & CABLE CO., LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
Kishida, Kinzo
Yamauchi, Yoshiaki
Kawabata, Junichi
Seno, Shoji
Nagatani, Hideki
Imai, Michio
Hamada, Yukihiro
Watanabe, Kazumitu
Abstract
A distributed position detection rope includes: basic optical elements each including an optical fiber, tensile strength bodies, and a sheath material and the tensile strength bodies; a cylindrical inner sheath layer having a first optical element formed by arranging a plurality of the basic optical elements which are arranged at positions on the same circle and are helically wound at a predetermined pitch along the axial direction of the axis; and a cylindrical outer sheath layer on the outer side of the inner sheath layer and having a second optical element which are arranged at positions on the same circle and are helically wound along the axial direction so as to have a placement angle different from that of the basic optical elements of the first optical element.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
12.
POWER CABLE MONITORING SYSTEM, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SENSOR ROPE
This power cable monitoring system comprises a power cable (100) including a power transmission cable (1) disposed in an inner circumferential portion, an armor wire (2) disposed in an outer circumferential portion, and a sensor rope (3, 4) including an optical fiber (7), for detecting a physical quantity of an object being measured, and a backscattered light measuring device (110) for measuring a distribution of the physical quantity of the object being measured, using backscattered light from the optical fiber (7), wherein a temperature and a strain distribution of the power cable (100) are obtained by means of a frequency shift signal of Rayleigh backscattered light obtained by the backscattered light measuring device (110), and a polarization distribution signal obtained by means of the Rayleigh backscattered light, on the basis of a signal detected by the sensor rope (3, 4).
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
An intelligent stirring system (100) for stirring a solution (30), the intelligent stirring system (100) comprising: a motor (7); a contactless electric power supply system (3); inverters (5, 6) for supplying electric power to the motor (7) and the contactless electric power supply system (3); a stirring tank (10) having an induction heating coil (2) for heating the solution (30) and a stirring blade (1) for stirring the solution (30), the stirring tank (10) being configured to enable thermal control of regions obtained by dividing a reserved solution (30) into a plurality of zones; optical fiber sensors (9a, 9b) for measuring the distribution of a physical quantity pertaining to a substance being controlled, parts of the optical fiber sensors (9a, 9b) being disposed within the stirring tank; optical-fiber-signal-analyzing equipment (50) for receiving and analyzing signals from the optical fiber sensors (9a, 9b); a control panel (51) for configuring a control quantity for each of the divided regions according to an output from the optical-fiber-signal-analyzing equipment (50); and a controller (52) for transmitting the control quantity for each region as configured by the control panel (51) to the inverters (5, 6). The amount of heat applied to each region can be configured on the basis of data from the controller (52).
A Rayleigh intensity pattern measurement device (100) comprises: a broadband wavelength variable LD(1); an optical coupler (4) which causes oscillated LD light to be incident on an optical fiber and emits Rayleigh scattering light from the optical fiber to a path that is different from the incident path of the LD light; a reception unit (13) which receives coherent light and the Rayleigh scattering light from the wavelength variable LD(1); and an RIP digital processing unit (14) which receives an output signal from the reception unit (13) through an AD converter (6), calculates a cross-correlation coefficient from two different Rayleigh intensity pattern signals obtained from the Rayleigh scattering light on the basis of data including phase information, and stores the cross-correlation coefficient obtained from the result of comparison with a given threshold value, wherein when the compared cross-correlation coefficient is smaller than the threshold value, a strain-distribution or a temperature distribution of a subject is measured by calculating the cross-correlation coefficient until the cross-correlation coefficient is equal to or greater than the threshold value and determining a Rayleigh frequency shift from the cross-correlation coefficient that is equal to or greater than the threshold value.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
This integrated IGA-DFOS system includes: an optical fiber (3) that is mounted to an object to be measured and senses a physical amount of the object to be measured; a distributed calculation optical fiber measurement device (4) that calculates the physical amount of the object to be measured on the basis of a sensing signal detected by the optical fiber (3) and obtains a distribution state of the physical amount; and a fiber-mesh-incorporated IGA analysis tool incorporating a fiber mesh that is modeled by a non-uniform rational B-spline base function and forms a shape of the optical fiber (3). The integrated IGA-DFOS system: inputs, to the fiber-mesh-incorporated IGA analysis tool, the distribution state of the physical amount of the object to be measured that is measured by the distributed calculation optical fiber measurement device (4) at a mounting position of the optical fiber (3); and analyzes and obtains the distribution state of the physical amount of the object to be measured at a position other than the mounting position of the optical fiber (3).
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
An armored DSS cable (40, 50), wherein an inner layer part and a surface layer part are configured concentrically. The inner layer part is composed of a first rope (3) wound in a spiral shape. The surface layer part is configured by spirally winding, on the same diameter line: a first optical fiber; an optical fiber module (10, 10a) having the optical fiber (1) and a plurality of second ropes (2) that spirally surround the optical fiber (1) and have an outer diameter smaller than that of the first rope (3); and a plurality of third ropes (4) having an outer diameter larger than that of the first rope (3).
NISHI NIPPON ELECTRIC WIRE & CABLE CO., LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
Kishida Kinzo
Yamauchi Yoshiaki
Kawabata Junichi
Seno Shoji
Nagatani Hideki
Imai Michio
Hamada Yukihiro
Watanabe Kazumitu
Abstract
A distributed position detection rope (100, 101) that comprises: basic optical elements (5) that include an optical fiber (1), a tensile strength body (2) that sandwiches the optical fiber (1), and a sheath material (3) that covers the optical fiber (1) and the tensile strength body (2); a cylindrical inside sheath layer (8b) that is provided coaxially and includes a plurality of first optical elements (5a) that are basic optical elements (5) that are arranged at the same radial position in a cross-section that is perpendicular to the axis of the distributed position detection rope and wound in a spiral at a prescribed pitch in the axial direction; and a cylindrical outside sheath layer (9) that is provided coaxially outside the inside sheath layer (8b) and includes a plurality of second optical elements (5b) that are basic optical elements (5) that are arranged at the same radial position in a cross-section that is perpendicular to the axis and wound in a spiral in the axial direction at a different placement angle from the basic optical elements (5) that are first optical elements (5a).
A method for detecting and specifying a vibration on the basis of a feature of a fiber-optic signal to determine a time and a spatial location of the present invention includes: Step 1 of acquiring a feature-expanded function vector and C-number of vibration categories by expanding a feature of initial data of a vibration signal from a distributed fiber-optic sensor; Step 2 of calculating a dimensionality reduction matrix based on the feature-expanded function vector; Step 3 of acquiring a dimensionality-reduced feature function by operating the dimensionality reduction matrix to the initial data and the feature-expanded function vector; Step 4 of acquiring a primary classification result of the vibration signal by performing a classification with reference to primary classification parameter acquired from a parameter database; and Step 5 of acquiring and outputting a secondary classification result of the vibration signal by performing removal of a wrong detection result and correction of a wrong classification result of the primary classification result.
G01H 9/00 - Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
G06N 20/10 - Machine learning using kernel methods, e.g. support vector machines [SVM]
G06F 18/22 - Matching criteria, e.g. proximity measures
G06F 18/214 - Generating training patternsBootstrap methods, e.g. bagging or boosting
G06F 18/2135 - Feature extraction, e.g. by transforming the feature spaceSummarisationMappings, e.g. subspace methods based on approximation criteria, e.g. principal component analysis
G06F 18/2413 - Classification techniques relating to the classification model, e.g. parametric or non-parametric approaches based on distances to training or reference patterns
G06F 18/243 - Classification techniques relating to the number of classes
An oil well production method in which a plurality of producers are arranged in a horizontal direction, includes boring a monitor well adjacent to one of the producers in the horizontal direction, installing a measurement optical fiber cable in the monitor well, performing Brillouin measurement and Rayleigh measurement for a strain distribution, a pressure distribution, and a temperature distribution of the monitor well along the measurement optical fiber cable over a period in which a fracture occurs hydraulically in the producers and an oil producing period, analyzing data measured through the Brillouin measurement and the Rayleigh measurement, and determining an arrangement interval of the producers in the horizontal direction and a hydraulic fracturing parameter.
E21B 43/30 - Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
E21B 49/00 - Testing the nature of borehole wallsFormation testingMethods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
G01V 1/22 - Transmitting seismic signals to recording or processing apparatus
G01V 1/42 - SeismologySeismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging using generators in one well and receivers elsewhere or vice-versa
E21B 43/267 - Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
A monitoring humidity measurement system includes: a humidity measurement optical fiber including a first optical fiber and a humidity detection layer provided so as to annularly cover the first optical fiber; a reference optical fiber including a second optical fiber; a plurality of optical communication cables; and a signal processing device configured to, with a laser beam entering into the first and second optical fibers, calculate and obtain Brillouin frequency shift and Rayleigh frequency shift of backscatter light from the first and second optical fibers based on the entering laser beam, and store predetermined constants, wherein reference data and target data are measured from the Rayleigh frequency shift and an initial humidity value calculated from the Brillouin frequency shift, and the value of humidity at the present time is calculated on the basis of Rayleigh frequency shift per unit humidity calculated from a difference between the above two data.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G01K 11/32 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
G01K 11/322 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres using Brillouin scattering
21.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SPECIFYING TIME-SPACE, AND FOR DETECTING AND IDENTIFYING VIBRATION ON BASIS OF OPTICAL FIBER SIGNAL FEATURE
This method specifies time-space, and detects and identifies vibration on the basis of an optical fiber signal feature. The method includes: a step 1 for expanding a feature with respect to initial data of a vibration signal from a distributed-type optical fiber sensor, and acquiring an expansion feature function vector and C number of vibration categories; a step 2 for calculating a dimension reduction matrix on the basis of the expansion feature function vector; a step 3 for acquiring a reduced-dimension feature function by applying the dimension reduction matrix to the initial data and the expansion feature function vector; a step 4 for acquiring a primary classification parameter from a parameter database and performing classification to acquire primary classification results for the vibration signal; and a step 5 for deleting erroneous detection results and correcting erroneous classification with respect to the primary classification results, and acquiring and outputting secondary classification results of the vibration signal.
A distributed fibre sensing system and a vibration detection and positioning method therefor are disclosed. The system comprises: a signal generating module, a light source module, an optical frequency comb generating module, a frequency sweeping and pulse generating module, an optical circulator, a sensing fibre, an interference module, a photoelectric conversion module and a detection and position module. The method comprises: obtaining a plurality of Rayleigh backscattering signals of the sensing fibre; performing a fading elimination processing on the Rayleigh backscattering signals, thereby obtaining a plurality of averaged Rayleigh backscattering signals of non-interference fading and polarization fading; performing a phase processing on the averaged Rayleigh backscattering signals, thereby obtaining phase variance curves; and determining a vibration point according to variances in the phase variance curves, and finally obtaining a position and a vibration waveform of the vibration point.
G01H 9/00 - Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
23.
Brillouin scattering measurement method and Brillouin scattering measurement device
In a measurement requiring a high space resolution using S-BOTDR, a pulse train composed of a plurality of pulses having the interval between the pulses longer than the phonon lifetime is interpulse-code-modulated. A Golay code is used for the interpulse code modulation to eliminate the sidelobes of the correlation in using a technique of correlation. In a technique without using correlation, an Hadamard matrix is used for the interpulse code modulation and the resultant matrix is inverted in the signal processing.
G01N 21/63 - Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
G01B 11/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G01K 11/32 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
G01K 11/322 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres using Brillouin scattering
24.
Fiber optic cable for measuring pressure, temperature, and strain distributions
A DPTSS fiber optic cable includes an optical fiber sheathing cylindrical metal tube accommodating a pressure sensor optical fiber and having a plurality of through holes formed therein; and pressure blocking sections formed at intervals in the axial direction of the cable.
G01B 11/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G01K 11/32 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
G01L 1/24 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis
G01L 11/02 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group or by optical means
G02B 6/44 - Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
25.
Rayleigh measurement system and Rayleigh measurement method
Initial data and target data are frequency-analyzed to obtain an initial Rayleigh-scattering spectrum (RSS) and a target RSS, respectively. A distance correction is performed for the target RSS by comparing the target RSS with the initial RSS, and a Rayleigh spectrum shift is determined on the basis of a correlation coefficient between the initial RSS and the target RSS after distance-corrected.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G01B 11/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
G01K 11/32 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
26.
Frequency synthesis-based optical frequency domain reflectometry method and system
Frequency synthesis-based optical frequency domain reflectometry method and system are disclosed. The method is to implement optical frequency reflectometry and comprises: performing an electro-optic modulation and an acousto-optic modulation on a local light to obtain an optical pulse; inputting the optical pulse as a detection pulse optical signal to a test optical fiber; and detecting an obtained Rayleigh backscattered optical signal under coherent detection with the local light, and then performing a photoelectric conversion and a demodulation, wherein: the electro-optic modulation is performed by using a single frequency signal; the acousto-optic modulation is performed by using a pulse signal; and the optical pulse is obtained by simultaneously sweeping multiple frequency components of an optical comb signal which is obtained by the electro-optic modulation.
H04B 10/071 - Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systemsArrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using a reflected signal, e.g. using optical time domain reflectometers [OTDR]
27.
Distributed pressure, temperature, strain sensing cable using metal wires with slot grooves and optical fibers in the slot grooves
A distributed pressure, temperature, strain (DPTS) sensing cable includes at least two slotted fiber optic metal wires each having a slot groove extended along in an outer circumference of the wires to encapsulate optical fibers in the slot grooves. The two slotted fiber optic metal wires have characteristics different from each other.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G02B 6/44 - Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
G01D 5/26 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
G01K 11/32 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
G01B 11/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
In the present invention, in measurement requiring high BOTDR spatial resolution, inter-pulse-code modulation is carried out using a pulse train of a plurality of pulses having intervals therebetween that are at least the length of the lifespan of a phonon. As a method for this inter-pulse-code modulation using correlation, a Golay code, which results in no correlation side lobe, is used. As a method not using correlation, inter-pulse-code modulation is carried out using a Hadamard matrix that is inverted through signal processing.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G01B 11/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
G01K 11/32 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
G01H 9/00 - Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
G01V 1/00 - SeismologySeismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
G01V 1/42 - SeismologySeismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging using generators in one well and receivers elsewhere or vice-versa
G01V 1/22 - Transmitting seismic signals to recording or processing apparatus
30.
CABLE FOR MEASURING PRESSURE, TEMPERATURE, AND STRAIN DISTRIBUTION OF MATERIAL
In the present invention, a plurality of through-holes are formed in a metallic cylindrical pipe that composes the outer circumferential part of a fiber-in-metallic-tube that is provided to an optical fiber cable and has an optical fiber provided therein that serves as a pressure sensor for measuring a distributed pressure, temperature, and strain system, and pressure blocking parts are provided so as to be distributed in the axial direction.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G01B 11/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
G01K 11/32 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
G01L 1/24 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis
G01L 11/02 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group or by optical means
31.
RAYLEIGH MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AND RAYLEIGH MEASUREMENT METHOD
In the present invention, when the correlation between initial data and target data in the frequency range of Rayleigh scattered light is determined, through the comparison of analysis results for the initial Rayleigh scattering spectrum (RSS) obtained from initial data measurement and analysis results for the target RSS obtained from target data measurement, previously obtained target RSS analysis results are subjected to distance correction, and Rayleigh spectral shift is determined on the basis of the correlation coefficient between the target RSS after distance correction and the initial RSS.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G01B 11/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
G01K 11/32 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
32.
Brillouin scattering measurement method and brillouin scattering measurement system
A Brillouin backscattered spectrum is obtained in such a way that two optical pulse pairs each composed of two pulses of different durations and of the same phase and Π phase difference are launched into a sensing optical fiber; Brillouin backscattered lights produced by the optical pulse pairs are detected into signals for the respective optical pulse pairs; the signals are sampled with two window functions whose time widths are equal to respective pulse durations of the optical pulse pair and whose delay time is variable; each sampled signal is transformed with a predetermined transformation; products of the transformed signals are calculated; and subtraction between the products is performed.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
H01S 5/12 - Construction or shape of the optical resonator the resonator having a periodic structure, e.g. in distributed feedback [DFB] lasers
This DPTSS cable is provided with at least two metal wire cables that each have a groove formed in the axial direction in the outer circumferential section and that each have an optical fiber in the groove. One of the metal wire cables is an optical fiber-embedded cable in which an optical fiber is embedded along the groove. The other one of the metal wire cables has a characteristic different from that of the former metal wire cable.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
34.
Fiber optic in vivo diagnostic sensor system and blood vessel insertable pressure distribution measurement device
A fiber optic biodiagnostic sensor system includes a blood vessel insertable pressure distribution measurement device to be inserted in vivo into a blood vessel to measure distributions of temperature and pressure of an object to be measured along a predetermined site, the device having an SM optical fiber deformable by temperature and strain, a structural member being in contact with a portion of the optical fiber to convert pressure of the to-be-measured object to strain of the optical fiber; and an outer layer converting the optical fiber and the structural member. The sensor system further includes a measurement unit emitting laser light into the SM optical fiber, detecting a frequency shift produced in the scattered light, and calculating a blood pressure at a given position of the optical fiber from a pressure change and a strain change of the SM optical fiber that are calculated from the frequency shift.
A61B 5/0215 - Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by means inserted into the body
A61B 5/1459 - Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter
G01L 1/24 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G01K 11/32 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
G01K 13/00 - Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR THE EARTH (Japan)
NEUBREX CO., LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
Xue, Ziqiu
Kishida, Kinzo
Yamauchi, Yoshiaki
Suzaki, Shinzo
Abstract
In an optical fiber cable that includes an optical fiber core for measuring pressure and a multilayer armor cable for measuring temperature, an annular clearance space having a desired thickness is formed between the optical fiber core and the multilayer armor cable and fixing members for fixing the optical fiber core and the multilayer armor cable are provided at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the optical fiber cable.
G02B 6/00 - Light guidesStructural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G02B 6/44 - Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
G01L 1/24 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis
G01K 11/32 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
A plurality of optical fibers is helically embedded in tubular installation layers on the outer circumferential surface of a shaped body having a circular cross section. A three-dimensional position of the shaped body after deformed produced by bend, torsion, or stretch due to external force is measured by utilizing frequency change or phase change of pulse laser light emitted into the optical fibers caused by Brillouin scattering and/or Rayleigh scattering occurring in the optical fiber deformed in accordance with the shaped body deformation.
G01B 11/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G01L 1/24 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis
RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR TH (Japan)
NEUBREX CO., LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
Xue, Ziqiu
Yamauchi, Yoshiaki
Kishida, Kinzo
Abstract
Under a known pressure is externally applied to a reference member to which an optical fiber is fixed, test light is allowed to enter the optical fiber, and at least one of a reference Brillouin measurement for determining a reference Brillouin frequency shift amount based on the Brillouin scattering phenomenon, and a reference Rayleigh measurement for determining a reference Rayleigh frequency shift amount based on the Rayleigh scattering phenomenon is performed. A Brillouin measurement coefficient or a Rayleigh measurement coefficient is determined from these calculation results. An optical fiber is fixed to a sample member, the volumetric change of which is unknown, and the same sample Brillouin measurement or sample Rayleigh measurement is performed to determine the frequency shift amount. The volumetric change of the sample member is determined from the sample Brillouin or the sample Rayleigh frequency shift amount, and from the Brillouin or the Rayleigh measurement coefficient.
G01B 11/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
G01B 11/24 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G01F 17/00 - Methods or apparatus for determining the capacity of containers or cavities, or the volume of solid bodies
G01D 18/00 - Testing or calibrating apparatus or arrangements provided for in groups
G01D 5/26 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
G01V 8/16 - Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers using one transmitter and one receiver using optical fibres
G01B 21/04 - Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
39.
Distribution measurement system for pressure, temperature, strain of material, monitoring method for carbon dioxide geological sequestration, assessing method for impact of carbon dioxide injection on integrity of strata, and monitoring method for freezing using same
RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR THE EARTH (Japan)
NEUBREX CO., LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
Xue, Ziqiu
Yamauchi, Yoshiaki
Kishida, Kinzo
Abstract
Distributions of a Brillouin frequency shift and a Rayleigh frequency shift in optical fibers set up in a material are measured from scattered waves of pulse laser light entered into the optical fibers, and distributions of pressure, temperature, and strain of the material along the optical fibers at a measurement time point are analyzed using coefficients that are inherent to the set up optical fibers and correlate pressure, temperature, and strain of material with the Brillouin frequency shift and the Rayleigh frequency shift.
G01N 21/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
G01K 11/12 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance
G01B 11/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
G01K 11/32 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
G01L 1/24 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis
G01L 19/00 - Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
40.
FIBER OPTIC BIODIAGNOSTIC SENSOR SYSTEM AND VASCULAR INSERTION TYPE DEVICE FOR MEASURING PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION
A fiber optic biodiagnostic sensor system provided with: a vascular insertion type device for measuring pressure distribution, the device being inserted into a blood vessel of a living body and measuring the temperature and pressure distribution of an object to be measured at predetermined locations, the device being provided with a single-mode (SM) optical fiber that deforms with temperature and strain, a structure which contacts the SM optical fiber and converts the pressure of the object to be measured (blood pressure) into the strain of the optical fiber, and an outer layer covering the SM optical fiber and the structure; and a measurement device for detecting frequency variation in scattered light generated by laser beam emission to the SM optical fiber and calculating and determining the blood pressure of the optical fiber at the predetermined locations on the basis of the temperature variation and strain variation for the SM optical fiber as determined from the frequency variation.
G01L 11/02 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group or by optical means
A61B 5/0215 - Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by means inserted into the body
A61B 5/1459 - Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter
A61B 10/00 - Instruments for taking body samples for diagnostic purposesOther methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. for vaccination diagnosis, sex determination or ovulation-period determinationThroat striking implements
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G01K 11/12 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance
G01L 1/24 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis
41.
OPTICAL FIBER CABLE, OPTICAL FIBER CABLE MANUFACTURING METHOD, AND DISTRIBUTED MEASUREMENT SYSTEM
RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR THE EARTH (Japan)
NEUBREX CO.,LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
Xue Ziqiu
Kishida Kinzo
Yamauchi Yoshiaki
Suzaki Shinzo
Abstract
In this optical fiber cable which includes an optical fiber core wire which measures pressure and a multilayer armored cable which measures temperature, a desired gap layer having an annular shape is formed between the optical fiber core wire and the multilayer armored cable, and fixing members which fix the optical fiber core wire and the multilayer armored cable are provided at a prescribed interval in the axial direction of the optical fiber cable.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G01B 11/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
G01K 11/12 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance
G01L 11/02 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group or by optical means
A distributed optical fiber sound wave detection device is provided with an optical pulse emission unit that causes an optical pulse to be incident into the optical fiber, and a Rayleigh scattered light reception unit that receives Rayleigh scattered light produced inside the optical fiber. The optical pulse emission unit outputs the optical pulse that is modulated using a code sequence which has a predetermined length and by which the optical pulse is divided into a plurality of cells. The Rayleigh scattered light reception unit includes a phase variation derivation unit that performs demodulation corresponding to the modulation in the optical pulse emission unit on the Rayleigh scattered light and determines a phase variation thereof from the demodulated Rayleigh scattered light, and a sound wave detection unit that determines a sound wave that has struck the optical fiber from the phase variation determined by the phase variation derivation unit.
H04B 10/08 - Equipment for monitoring, testing or fault measuring
H04B 10/071 - Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systemsArrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using a reflected signal, e.g. using optical time domain reflectometers [OTDR]
G01H 9/00 - Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
In the present invention, by way of a single optical fiber that is wound and attached to the outer circumference of a cylindrical body and that senses temperature and strain in the cylindrical body deformed by the pressure of a liquid, the pressure of the liquid is found from the strain in the cylindrical body generated by the pressure of the liquid by detecting changes both in the Brillouin scattering frequency and in the Rayleigh scattering frequency for the light scattered in the optical fiber and thereby separating and simultaneously detecting the temperature and strain in the cylindrical body.
G01L 11/02 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group or by optical means
G01L 1/24 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis
G01L 5/00 - Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
A plurality of optical fibers is embedded in a helical shape in a cylindrical attachment layer of the external periphery of a form body having a circular cross section. The optical fibers are deformed by the deformation generated in the form body due to bending, twisting, or elongating deformation produced by external pressure of the form body. A three-dimensional position after deformation produced by the bending, twisting, or elongating deformation of the form body is measured using the phase change or change in frequency in Rayleigh scattering or Brillouin scattering, which is scattered light from a pulse laser light emitted into the optical fiber, the phase change or change in frequency being generated by the deformation.
G01B 11/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
45.
SYSTEM FOR MEASURING DISTRIBUTIONS OF PRESSURE, TEMPERATURE, STRAIN OF SUBSTANCE, METHOD FOR MONITORING UNDERGROUND STORAGE OF CARBON DIOXIDE USING SAME, METHOD FOR EVALUATING INFLUENCE OF CARBON DIOXIDE INJECTION ON STABILITY OF STRATUM, AND FREEZING MONITORING METHOD
RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR THE EARTH (Japan)
NEUBREX CO., LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
Xue Ziqiu
Yamauchi Yoshiaki
Kishida Kinzo
Abstract
The present invention is designed to measure the distributions of a Brillouin frequency shift and a Rayleigh frequency shift in an optical fiber laid in a substance from the scattered wave of pulsed laser light incident on the optical fiber, and analyze the distributions along the optical fiber of the pressure, temperature, and strain of the substance at the time of measurement using a coefficient that is unique to the laid optical fiber and associates the pressure, temperature, and strain of the substance with the Brillouin frequency shift and the Rayleigh frequency shift.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
G01B 11/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
G01D 21/02 - Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
G01K 11/12 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance
G01L 1/24 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis
G01L 5/00 - Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
46.
METHOD FOR MEASURING VOLUMETRIC CHANGES IN OBJECTS
RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR THE EARTH (Japan)
NEUBREX CO., LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
Xue, Ziqiu
Yamauchi, Yoshiaki
Kishida, Kinzo
Abstract
While a known pressure is applied externally to a reference member on which an optical fiber is fixed, a test light is made to enter the optical fiber and at least one of a reference Brillouin measurement, for finding the amount of reference Brillouin frequency shift based on the Brillouin scattering phenomenon, or a reference Rayleigh measurement, for finding the amount of reference Rayleigh frequency shift based on the Rayleigh scattering phenomenon, is performed. A Brillouin measurement coefficient or a Rayleigh measurement coefficient is found from these calculation results. A sample member for which volumetric change is unknown is fixed to the optical fiber, and a sample Brillouin measurement or a sample Rayleigh measurement is performed to find the amount of frequency shift. The volumetric change of the sample member is found from the amount of sample Brillouin frequency shift or the amount of sample Rayleigh frequency shift, and the Brillouin measurement coefficient or the Rayleigh measurement coefficient.
In the present invention, a distributed optical fiber sound wave detection device is provided with an optical pulse emission unit that causes an optical pulse to be incident in an optical fiber and a Rayleigh scattered light reception unit for receiving Rayleigh-scattered light produced in the optical fiber. The optical pulse emission unit has a length that is prescribed on the basis of the length dimension of the optical fiber and outputs the optical pulse that is modulated using a code sequence which causes the optical pulse to be divided into a plurality of cells of prescribed lengths. The Rayleigh scattered light reception unit performs demodulation, corresponding to the modulation performed by the optical pulse emission unit, on the Rayleigh-scattered light, and the Rayleigh scattered light reception unit comprises a phase variation derivation unit for determining phase variation on the basis of the Rayleigh-scattered light subjected to the demodulation and a sound wave detection unit that, on the basis of the phase variation determined by the phase variation derivation unit, determines sound waves that have struck the optical fiber.
The present invention provides a distributed optical fiber sensor capable of measuring the strain and temperature of an object to be measured simultaneously and independently with high spatial resolution. A distributed optical fiber sensor FS is a distributed optical fiber sensor which uses an optical fiber 15 as a sensor, and a strain and temperature detector 14 measures a Brillouin frequency shift amount caused by a strain and a temperature generated in the optical fiber 15 by using a Brillouin scattering phenomenon, measures a Rayleigh frequency shift amount caused by the strain and temperature generated in the optical fiber 15 by using a Rayleigh scattering phenomenon, and calculates the strain and temperature generated in the optical fiber 15 from the measured Brillouin frequency shift amount and Rayleigh frequency shift amount.
G01B 11/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
G01L 1/24 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis
Provided is a distributed optical fiber sensor capable of measuring the strain and temperature of an object to be measured simultaneously and independently with high spatial resolution. A distributed optical fiber sensor (FS) uses an optical fiber (15) as a sensor, wherein a distortion and temperature detector (14) measures the amount of Brillouin frequency shift due to the strain and temperature generated in the optical fiber (15) using a Brillouin scattering phenomenon, measures the amount of Rayleigh frequency shift due to the strain and temperature generated in the optical fiber (15) using a Rayleigh scattering phenomenon, and calculates the strain and temperature generated in the optical fiber (15) from the measured amount of Brillouin frequency shift and amount of Rayleigh frequency shift.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
G01B 11/16 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
G01K 11/12 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance
A structure monitor system comprising a measuring unit 3 for measuring distortions of the structure S at respective points on a boundary by using an optical fiber sensor 2 laid on the boundary of the structure, numerical analysis unit 5 for calculating a distortion at a specified point on the structure S by a numerical analysis method with distortions measured by the measuring unit as a boundary condition, and a display unit 6 for displaying information on an analysis distortion by the numerical analysis unit 5 in a association with a position on the structure S.
G01B 5/30 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. mechanical strain gauge
A distributed optical fiber sensor uses a Brillouin scattering phenomenon to avoid manual adjustment and to measure strain and/or temperature with high accuracy and high spatial resolution. A stepwise optical light source generates an optical pulse having a stepwise distribution of intensity to increase toward the center, and a continuous light source generates continuous light on. The optical pulse is incident on a sensing optical fiber as probe light and the continuous light is incident as pump light to cause a Brillouin scattering phenomenon between the probe light and the pump light. A Brillouin time domain detector determines a Brillouin loss or gain spectrum from the light emerging from the sensing optical fiber and attributed to the Brillouin scattering phenomenon, and measures strain in and/or temperature of the sensing optical fiber in the longitudinal direction thereof based on the determined Brillouin loss or gain spectrum.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Measuring machines and instruments, namely, fibre-optic measuring machines and instruments for measuring deformation and temperature of constructions through the optical fibres to ensure optimal conditions for constructions. Construction services for the installation of optical fibres; operation, inspection and/or maintenance of building equipment . Technical examination of buildings, aircrafts, satellites and pipelines such as detection of cracking and measurement of strain and temperature so as to predict accidents or catastrophic failures.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Measuring machines and instruments, namely fibre-optic measuring machines and instruments for measuring deformation and temperature of constructions through the optical fibres to ensure optimal conditions for constructions.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Measuring machines and instruments, namely fiber optic machines for inspecting, detecting, and measuring strain, deformation, and temperature in the structure of buildings, aircraft, satellites, and pipelines Maintenance of building equipment Construction of optical fibers to the order and specification of others/custom construction of optical fiber Inspection, detection, and measurement of strain, deformation, and temperature in the structure of buildings, aircraft, satellites, and pipelines; inspection and maintenance of building equipment
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Measuring machines and instruments, namely fiber optic machines comprising of a laser diode, an optical frequency controller, an optical band pass filter, an optical receiver, and a data record memory for measuring deformation and temperature of constructions through the optical fibers to ensure optimal conditions for constructions
