A: 2 or less, and aniline point: 106° C. or more, and the mineral base oil is treated by catalytic dewaxing process and/or contains tertiary carbon atoms at a ratio of 7.4% or more to the total carbon atoms.
C10M 133/12 - Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyaminesQuaternary amines having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
C10M 169/04 - Mixtures of base-materials and additives
B21B 45/02 - Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
C10G 71/00 - Treatment by methods not otherwise provided for of hydrocarbon oils or fatty oils for lubricating purposes
8.
Organic EL element and method of manufacturing the same
A method of manufacturing an organic EL element having a corrugated structure, the organic EL element comprising a transparent supporting substrate, a transparent electrode, an organic layer, and a metal electrode, the method comprises the steps of: laminating on the transparent supporting substrate a curable-resin layer having concavity and convexity formed thereon in a periodic arrangement in a way that a curable resin is applied onto the transparent supporting substrate, the curable resin is then cured with a master block being pressed thereto, and thereafter the master block is detached; and obtaining an organic EL element by laminating on the curable-resin layer the transparent electrode, the organic layer, and the metal electrode individually so that a shape of the concavity and convexity formed on a surface of the curable-resin layer can be maintained.
H01L 21/00 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid-state devices, or of parts thereof
H01L 29/08 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode carrying current to be rectified, amplified, or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
9.
Raw coke for electricity storage carbon material and needle coke
The present invention provides a raw coke having such a structure that the graphitized product resulting from graphitization of the raw coke at a temperature of 2800° C. under an inactive gas atmosphere will have ratios of the crystallite size to the lattice constant of 360 or less in the (002) plane and 1500 or less in the (110) plane, as a raw coke providing active carbon produced by alkali-activating the raw coke, which is reduced in remaining alkali content and can simplify washing operation because washing liquid can easily pass through the activated carbon, or as a raw coke for the production of needle coke.
The present invention provides a raw coke having such a structure that the graphitized product resulting from graphitization of the raw coke at a temperature of 2800° C. under an inactive gas atmosphere will have ratios of the crystallite size to the lattice constant of 360 or less in the (002) plane and 1500 or less in the (110) plane, as a raw coke providing active carbon produced by alkali-activating the raw coke, which is reduced in remaining alkali content and can simplify washing operation because washing liquid can easily pass through the activated carbon, or as a raw coke for the production of needle coke.
The production of light hydrocarbons consisting of ethylene, propylene, butylenes, and of gasoline is enhanced by introducing a heavy oil feedstream derived from an external source into an ancillary downflow reactor that utilizes the same catalyst composition as an adjacent FCC unit for cracking the heavy oil and withdrawing the desired lighter hydrocarbon reaction product stream from the downflow reactor and regenerating the catalyst in the same regeneration vessel that is used to regenerate the spent catalyst from the FCC unit. The efficiency of the recovery of the desired lighter olefinic hydrocarbons is maximized by limiting the feedstream to the downflow reactor to heavy oils that can be processed under relatively harsher conditions, while minimizing production of undesired by-products.
C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10G 51/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more cracking processes only plural parallel stages only
12.
Method of treating biomass, fuel for fuel cell, gasoline, diesel fuel, liquefied petroleum gas, and synthetic resin
Disclosed is a lubricant composition which exhibits excellently low friction and excellent low-temperature storage stability, while having high flash point. Specifically disclosed is a lubricant composition for a sliding guide surface having excellent positioning performance, which is characterized by containing, in a lubricant base oil, (A) an acidic phosphate ester represented by the general formula (1) below in an amount of 0.02-0.1% by mass based on the total amount of the composition and (B) an aliphatic monoamine represented by the general formula (2) below in an amount of 0.005-0.1% by mass based on the total amount of the composition. (R1O)mP(=O)(OH)3-m (1) (In the formula (1), R1 represents a linear alkyl group having 4-8 carbon atoms, and m represents 1 or 2. When m is 2, the R1s may be the same as or different from each other.) R2nNH3-n (2) (In the formula (2), R2 represents a linear alkyl group or linear alkenyl group having 12-18 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 1-3. When n is 2 or 3, the R2s may be the same as or different from each other.)
a poly(meth)acrylate based viscosity index improver including a structural unit represented by general formula (1):
2/s at 100° C. and a viscosity index of 140 to 300.
A process for the preparation of norbornene derivatives, characterized by reacting a norbornadiene derivative of general formula (2) [wherein R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are each independently a hydrogen atom or the like; l is an integer of 0 or 1; m is an integer of 0 or 1; and n is an integer of 0 or 1] with a halogen compound of general formula (3): [wherein Z is a phenylene group or the like; X is a chlorine atom or the like; and R7 is a hydrogen atom or the like] in the presence of a solvent such as N,N-dimethylformamide, a reducing agent, and a palladium catalyst wherein phosphine ligands of general formula (1) [wherein R1s are each independently a cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group] coordinate to a divalent palladium atom, and thereby obtaining a norbornene derivative of general formula (4) [wherein R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, l, m and n are as defined for R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, l, m, n in general formula (2); R13 is as defined for R7 in general formula (3); and Z is as defined for Z in general formula (3)], wherein the substituent Z in general formula (4) is configured in the exo form.
C07C 2/72 - Addition to a non-aromatic carbon atom of hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring
C07C 13/605 - Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof with condensed rings with three condensed rings with a bridged ring system
C07C 43/205 - Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring the aromatic ring being a non-condensed ring
C07C 205/06 - Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton having nitro groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
Provided are a liquid delivery system wherein a pump downstream of a desulfurizer can be stably controlled, and a liquid fuel can be efficiently delivered; and a fuel cell system provided with the liquid delivery system. On the upstream side of a pump (105), a liquid fuel passes through a gas-liquid separating portion (103), so that gas bubbles of the liquid fuel which has been cooled by a cooling mechanism (101) and decompressed by a decompression mechanism (102) to reduce the solubility of the liquid fuel, are removed to separate gas from the liquid fuel. Further, the liquid fuel which has passed through the gas-liquid separating portion (103) is stored in a gas-liquid separating tank (104), so that the gas contained in the liquid fuel is moved upwardly in the liquid fuel to collect the gas on the upper side of the gas-liquid separating tank (104), and collect the liquid on the bottom side of the gas-liquid separating tank (104). Thus, the gas and the liquid of the liquid fuel are separated, so that the liquid fuel, the gas of which has been sufficiently removed, can be supplied to the pump (105).
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
Provided is a surface combustion burner wherein the possibility of backfire is reduced. A surface combustion burner which burns the mixture of vaporized kerosene and air on the combustion surface has a funnel-like channel, i.e. a channel in the shape of a funnel having the cross-sectional area enlarged toward the combustion surface, which introduces the mixture to the combustion surface.
Provided is a kerosene carburetor which can avoid the necessity of an air pump, a flowmeter and a controller for both the combustion air and the cooling air supplied to a surface combustion burner. A kerosene carburetor which supplies the mixture of vaporized kerosene and air to a surface combustion burner comprises a kerosene vaporization pot equipped with a heater and internally vaporizing kerosene, a kerosene channel, i.e. a channel communicating with the interior of the kerosene vaporization pot, through which kerosene is introduced to the kerosene vaporization pot, a first air channel, i.e. a channel communicating with the interior of the kerosene vaporization pot, through which air is introduced to the kerosene vaporization pot, a mixture channel, i.e. a channel communicating with the interior of the kerosene vaporization pot, through which the mixture of vaporized kerosene and air is discharged from the kerosene vaporization pot, a second air channel, i.e. a channel branched from the first air channel, and an orifice provided in the second air channel.
Provided is a fuel reformer having a multicylindrical structure such that the size of the fuel reformer can be reduced. The reformer is for reforming kerosene to produce reformed gas and comprises a burner for burning kerosene; a combustion cylinder having a cylindrical shape that forms a region through which the combustion gas generated by the burner is allowed to flow; a reforming catalyst layer having a hollow cylindrical shape that is disposed coaxially with the combustion cylinder inside the combustion cylinder; and a primary partition wall, which has a cylindrical shape, is disposed to the inside of the inner peripheral surface of the reforming catalyst layer and is for demarcating the region through which the combustion gas is allowed to flow and the reforming catalyst layer.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (Japan)
Inpex Corporation (Japan)
Nippon Oil Corporation (Japan)
Japan Petroleum Exploration Co., Ltd. (Japan)
Cosmo Oil Co., Ltd. (Japan)
Inventor
Onishi, Yasuhiro
Abstract
There is provided a synthesis reaction system which synthesizes a hydrocarbon compound by a chemical reaction of a synthesis gas including hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components, and a slurry having solid catalyst particles suspended in liquid and which extracts the hydrocarbon compound from the slurry. The synthesis reaction system includes a reactor main body which accommodates the slurry, a separator which separates the hydrocarbon compound included in the slurry from the slurry, a first flow passage which allows the slurry including the hydrocarbon compound to flow to the separator from the reactor main body, a second flow passage which allows the slurry to flow to the reactor main body from the separator, and a fluid supply nozzle which supplies a fluid toward at least any one of the separator, the first flow passage, and the second flow passage.
B01J 8/20 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium
C07C 27/00 - Processes involving the simultaneous production of more than one class of oxygen-containing compounds
21.
PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING COMPOSITE CONTAINER
A process for producing a composite container which has a desired shape and strength. A tow prepreg is wound around a liner to form a fibrous layer (S4). The fibrous layer is heated from inside the liner to reduce the viscosity of the resin infiltrated into the fibers wound around the liner to a value lower than the viscosity as measured before the winding around the liner (S5). Thereafter, the fibrous layer is heated from inside the liner to gradually cure the resin of the fibrous layer from the side near the liner surface toward the side apart therefrom (S6). Alternatively, a tow prepreg is wound around a liner to form a fibrous layer, and the fibrous layer is heated from inside the liner. The resin infiltrated into the fibers wound around the liner is thereby gradually cured from the side near the liner surface toward the side apart therefrom and is caused to generate heat as the curing proceeds.
A gas mixture discharged from a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus (20) is sent to a filter unit (30) by means of a pump (12), and after removing higher silanes in the filter unit (30), the gas mixture is separated into hydrogen and monosilane by means of a separation unit (40) which utilizes low temperature separation. The separated monosilane is removed by a silane gas removal unit (50). Meanwhile, the separated hydrogen is discharged into the atmosphere by a hydrogen gas discharge unit (60).
B01D 53/46 - Removing components of defined structure
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
C23C 16/44 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
F25J 3/08 - Separating gaseous impurities from gases or gaseous mixtures
H01L 21/205 - Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth using reduction or decomposition of a gaseous compound yielding a solid condensate, i.e. chemical deposition
Provided is a minimal flow rate liquid pump control device wherein the cost thereof can be reduced, and a minimal flow rate can be controlled with high accuracy. The amount of liquid within a liquid level adjuster (3) is measured to obtain measured values including the amount of reduced liquid, the average amount of reduced liquid, etc. In the range of minimal flow rate, it is difficult to directly measure the flow rate of liquid because the flow rate is infinitesimal. However, the total amount of liquid can be measured after the elapse of a certain period of time. Therefore, the measured value is compared with a value calculated on the basis of an instruction value, so that the difference between the actual amount of the transferred liquid and the calculated amount of the transferred liquid can be obtained. Further, if there is a difference therebetween, the instruction value is corrected to improve the accuracy of control of the flow rate. Further, the liquid level adjuster (3) which stores the liquid of a pump (2) is extremely less expensive than a expensive pump or flow rate measuring device. This prevents the cost for the entire system from increasing.
The production process of the invention comprises a first step of hydrodesulfurizing of catalytically-cracked gasoline so as to result in an olefin hydrogenation rate of no greater than 25 mol % in the catalytically-cracked gasoline, a total sulfur content of no greater than 20 ppm by weight based on the product oil weight, a sulfur content derived from thiophenes and benzothiophenes of no greater than 5 ppm by weight and a sulfur content derived from thiacyclopentanes of no greater than 0.1 ppm by weight, and a second step of further hydrodesulfurizing of the product oil obtained by the first step so as to result in a total of no greater than 30 mol % for the olefin hydrogenation rate in the first step and the olefin hydrogenation rate in the second step, a total sulfur content of no greater than 10 ppm by weight based on the product oil weight, and a sulfur content derived from thiols of no greater than 5 ppm by weight.
C10G 45/06 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10G 65/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
A desulfurization device (3) equipped with: a desulfurizer (7) containing therein a desulfurization catalyst (7a) with which sulfur is removed from a liquid fuel to be supplied to a reformer (5) which generates a hydrogen-containing reformed gas; a heater (8) which heats the desulfurization catalyst (7a); a manometer (14) which measures the pressure of the liquid fuel inside the desulfurizer (7); and a control unit (15) which controls the heater (8). The control unit (15) controls, on the basis of the pressure measured by the manometer (14), the heater (8) so that the pressure of the liquid fuel inside the desulfurizer (7) is kept at a given pressure which is the withstand pressure of the desulfurizer (7) or lower. By using this configuration, it is possible to provide the desulfurization device (3) and the fuel cell system in each of which the desulfurizer (7) can be inhibited from decreasing in reliability and durability.
C10G 29/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
H01M 8/06 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
An upgrading method for converting a low-grade coal having a low rank of coalification into an equivalent of caking coal, characterized by comprising at least a modification step of heating a powdery low-grade coal having a low rank of coalification to a temperature of 350 to 450°C in the presence of a petroleum- or coal-based modifier to modify the low-grade coal, said low-grade coal being a coal having a reactive maceral content exceeding 50% as determined by coal maceral analysis. Thus provided is an upgrading method for converting a non-caking or slightly caking coal, which is classified as low-grade coal, into an equivalent of caking coal which can be used as a material in producing coke for iron-making or the like.
C10B 57/08 - Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge
C10B 53/08 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form in the form of briquettes, lumps or the like
A method of designing a gas-solid separator that has an inner cylinder having a closed lower end and an opened upper end, and extending in a vertical direction; an outer cylinder that coaxially covers the inner cylinder from the outside and has a gas vent port formed on the upper end side of the inner cylinder and communicating with an exterior; and a plurality of axially extending long holes formed a side surface on the lower end side of the inner cylinder in a circumferential direction, one of long side edge parts of each of the long holes being provided with a guide blade that protrudes outward and is inclined circumferentially so as to cover the long hole.
A hydroisomerization catalyst according to the present invention is obtained by calcining a catalyst composite including an ion-exchanged molecular sieve or a calcined material thereof which is obtained by performing ion exchange of a molecular sieve containing an organic template in a solution containing a cation species and using water as a main solvent and at least one metal which is selected from a group consisting of metals belonging to Groups 8-10 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, molybdenum, and tungsten supported on the ion-exchanged molecular sieve or a calcined material thereof.
The hydrocarbon desulfurizing agent contains a porous inorganic oxide, nickel and/or a nickel oxide, zinc oxide, cobalt and/or a cobalt oxide, and molybdenum and/or a molybdenum oxide. The content of the porous inorganic oxide is 10‑30 mass%, the content of the nickel and/or the nickel oxide is 45‑75 mass%, and the content of the zinc oxide is 3‑40 mass% in terms of oxide, based on the total mass of the desulfurizing agent. According to the invention, it is possible to provide a hydrocarbon desulfurizing agent and a manufacturing method thereof with which sufficient desulfurizing capability can be sustained over a long period of time even when a starting material fuel such as kerosene is desulfurized under low-pressure conditions or in the absence of hydrogen, as well as provide a kerosene desulfurization method which utilizes said desulfurizing agent and a fuel cell system.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C10G 25/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
C10G 29/04 - Metals, or metals deposited on a carrier
2s], W/D=0.2 to 0.5, u1=5 to 300 [m/s], and u2=5 to 300 [m/s] are satisfied when a mass flow per unit area of a moving bed is Q [kg/nes], the difference between an outer diameter and an inner diameter of the moving bed is W [m], an inner diameter of a reaction tube is D [m], a linear velocity of a horizontal component of the stock oil at a jet orifice of the internal stock oil injection nozzle u1 [m/s], and a linear velocity of a horizontal component of the stock oil at a jet orifice of the external stock oil injection nozzle u2 [m/s].
B01J 8/08 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with moving particles
When the production of hydrogen and the recovery of carbon dioxide are simultaneously performed by using as a raw material a carbon-containing fuel, the increase of the system cost is suppressed and the efficiency is improved. Disclosed is a method for producing hydrogen and recovering carbon dioxide which method produces hydrogen from a carbon-containing fuel and recovers carbon dioxide, including: a hydrogen-containing gas producing step of obtaining a hydrogen-containing gas that contains hydrogen and carbon dioxide by reforming a carbon-containing fuel; a PSA step of separating, by using a pressure swing adsorption apparatus, the hydrogen-containing gas into a first hydrogen-enriched gas that is a gas enriched in hydrogen and a PSA offgas that is a gas enriched in the components other than hydrogen; and a step of obtaining, by treating the PSA offgas with a hydrogen separation membrane and a carbon dioxide separation membrane, a second hydrogen-enriched gas that is a gas enriched in hydrogen and a carbon dioxide-enriched gas that is a gas enriched in carbon dioxide. Also disclosed is an apparatus for embodying the method.
C01B 3/02 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
C01B 3/22 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
C01B 3/26 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using catalysts
32.
Fluid catalytic cracking process, and gasoline and liquefied petroleum gas obtained by the process
The fluid catalytic cracking process according to the present invention includes a first step of feeding a feedstock to a first fluid catalytic cracker, and catalytically cracking the feedstock in the first fluid catalytic cracker, so as to produce a fraction (LCO) having a boiling range of 221 to 343° C. and having a total aromatic content of 40 to 80 volume %; and a second step of feeding an oil to be processed containing the fraction to a second fluid catalytic cracker having a reaction zone, a separation zone, a stripping zone, and a regeneration zone, and catalytically cracking the oil in the reaction zone of the second fluid catalytic cracker, in the presence of a cracking catalyst, at an outlet temperature of the reaction zone of 550 to 750° C., a contact time between the oil and the catalyst of 0.1 to 1 second, and a catalyst/oil ratio of 20 to 40 wt/wt.
C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10G 51/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more cracking processes only plural serial stages only
C10L 1/06 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for spark ignition
Provided is a process for production of a hydrocarbon composition. In the process, urea is brought into contact with a hydrocarbon raw material comprising branched paraffins which each bear an alkyl group branch having five or less carbon atoms, whereby, among the branched paraffins, branched paraffins each having six or more carbon atoms between at least one end and the branch position are separated from the hydrocarbon raw material in the form of urea adducts. Thus, an objective hydrocarbon composition is obtained. The composition exhibits a high viscosity index and excellent low-temperature characteristics and is particularly suitable for use as a lube base oil or a lubricating oil composition.
C10M 177/00 - Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositionsChemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
2/s, pour point being −15 degree C. or less, aniline point being 100 degree C. or more, paraffinic content in saturates being 40 mass % or more, monocyclic naphthenic content being 25 mass % or less, bicyclic to hexacyclic naphthenic content being 35 mass % or less, iodine number being 2 or less, and ratio of tertiary carbon to the total carbon atoms composing the (A1) being 6.3% or more. The total mass of the composition is: (B) 0.005 to 0.5 mass % of a metallic detergent as metal content; (C1) 0.005 to 0.2 mass % of a boron-containing succinimide ashless dispersant as boron content; and (D) 0.005 to 0.2 mass % of a metal salt of phosphorus-containing acid as phosphorus content.
A process for hydrocarbon oil production which comprises: a first step in which a raw oil comprising oxygenic organic compounds and water-insoluble chlorine compounds is brought into contact with an adsorbent constituted of a porous inorganic oxide and at least one metal selected from the elements in Group IA, Group IIA, and Group IB to adsorb the water-insoluble chlorine compounds onto the adsorbent and thereby obtain a dechlorinated oil; a second step in which the dechlorinated oil is brought into contact with a hydrogenation catalyst constituted of a support comprising a porous inorganic oxide and at least one metal deposited on the support and selected from the elements in Group VIA and Group VIII of the periodic table, in the presence of hydrogen to yield reaction products including a hydrocarbon oil and water through the deoxidizing hydrogenation of the oxygenic organic compounds; and a third step in which the water is separated from the reaction products to obtain a product oil comprising the hydrocarbon oil.
C10G 67/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including a sorption process as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 25/05 - Removal of non-hydrocarbon compounds, e.g. sulfur compounds
C10G 45/04 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used
The cavity of a formwork body (1) wherein the inside of an outer shell (6) provided with a sealable cavity is heated to a designed temperature range higher than the melting point of sulfur is fully packed with a sulfur-containing material. As the sulfur-containing material becomes cold and thus shrinks within the cavity as described above, a lid is put on the top opening (11). Thus, the inside becomes sealable and a definite pressure is applied thereto. At the same time, replenish sulfur-containing material contained in a replenish tank (2), the inside of which has been heated to the designed temperature range as described above, is supplied into the cavity due to the pressure applied to the above-described replenish tank (2).
B28B 13/00 - Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articlesDischarging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
37.
Refrigerator oil and working fluid composition for refrigerating machine
The refrigerating machine oil of the invention is characterized by comprising an ester of a polyhydric alcohol and fatty acids with a content of a C10-C13 branched fatty acid of 50% by mole or greater. The working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine of the invention is characterized in that the working fluid composition comprises an ester of a polyhydric alcohol and fatty acids with a content of a C10-C13 branched fatty acid of 50% by mole or greater, and a refrigerant.
Disclosed is a lubricant oil composition containing: a lubricant base oil comprised of a mineral base oil and/or a synthetic base oil; (A) a metal system cleaning agent; (B) one type or two types or more of alkenyl succinimide and/or boron-containing alkenyl succinimide, and (C) zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate. With the total amount of the lubricant oil composition as a reference, the lubricant oil composition contains: as the amount of metal, 0.12 mass% - 2.0 mass% of component (A); as the amount of boron, 0 mass% - 0.03 mass%, and as the amount of nitrogen, 0.005 mass% - less than 0.08 mass% of component (B), with the mass ratio (B/N) of the boron amount (B) and the nitrogen amount (N) being 0 – 0.55, and as the amount of phosphorous, 0.005 mass% - 0.10 mass% of component (C). Thus, it is possible to provide a lubricant oil composition that, even though zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate is contained, can inhibit corrosion of a silver-containing material as a lubricant oil in contact with a silver-containing material.
C10M 139/00 - Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups
C10M 159/22 - Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing phenol radicals
The present invention provides a lubricating base oil comprising saturated components of 90% by mass or greater, wherein the proportion of cyclic saturated components among the saturated components is not greater than 40% by mass, and by having a viscosity index of 110 or higher and an iodine value of not greater than 2.5. The lubricating base oil of the invention exhibits excellent viscosity-temperature characteristics and heat and oxidation stability while also allowing additives to exhibit a higher level of function when additives are included. The lubricating base oil of the invention is suitable for use in various lubricating oil fields, and is especially useful for reducing energy loss and achieving energy savings in devices in which the lubricating base oil is applied.
C10M 171/00 - Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
42.
Method of minimal quantity lubrication cutting/grinding processing and oil composition used therefor
The present invention provides a method of minimal quantity lubrication cutting and grinding that can improve cutting and grinding properties and extend the life of tools. The minimal quantity lubrication cutting and grinding method of the present invention comprises supplying a compressed fluid containing 0.1 to 15 percent by volume of oxygen together with a cutting and grinding oil (particularly preferably an oil composition comprising an ester) to processing spots of a workpiece.
B26D 7/08 - Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
B24B 49/00 - Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or workArrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
A gas-solid separator has: an inner cylinder 10 having a closed lower end 11 and an opened upper end 1, and extending in a vertical direction; and an outer cylinder 2 that coaxially covers the inner cylinder 10 from the outside and has a gas vent port 6 formed on the upper end side and communicating with an exterior, wherein a plurality of axially extending long holes 4 are formed on a side surface on the lower end 11 side of the inner cylinder 10 in a circumferential direction, one of long side edge parts of each of the long holes 4 is provided with a guide blade 5 that protrudes outward and is inclined circumferentially so as to cover the long hole 4, and in a section of the outer cylinder 2 that surrounds the plurality of long holes 4 of the inner cylinder 10, an inner diameter D1 of a lower part is larger than an inner diameter D2 of an upper part.
A gas generated from a first crude oil and containing volatile organic compounds and a second crude oil are supplied to an absorber 16, thereby absorbing the volatile organic compounds in the gas into the second crude oil.
A hydrocarbon oil is obtained by hydrogenating a raw material oil containing an oxygen-containing hydrocarbon compound derived from an animal/plant oil, and a catalyst containing a porous inorganic oxide containing two or more elements selected from aluminum and the like and one or more metals selected from group 6A and group 8 elements of the periodic table and supported by the porous inorganic oxide, in the presence of hydrogen at a hydrogen pressure of not less than 1 MPa but less than 6 MPa; and then removing hydrogen and the like from the resulting hydrogenated product. The raw material oil contains a recycle oil which is obtained by recyclingly supplying a part of the hydrocarbon oil obtained by the preceding step in an amount of 0.5-5 times the mass of the oxygen-containing hydrocarbon compound, and 1-50 ppm by mass of a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon compound in terms of sulfur atoms with respect to the oxygen-containing hydrocarbon compound.
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
A gas oil base material which consists of a hydrocarbon fraction obtained by hydrotreating a raw material oil in the presence of hydrogen, wherein the raw material oil contains oxygen -containing hydrocarbons resulting from an animal or vegetable oil, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and sulfur-containing hydrocarbons. Further, the gas oil base material is characterized in that the n-paraffin content is 90mass% or above and that the average of (Bn-1/An) values in the range of 10≤n≤20 is 0.30 or above, wherein An is total content (unit: mass%) of paraffins having n carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon fraction; Bn-1 is total content (unit: mass%) of paraffins having (n-1) carbon atoms therein; and (Bn-1/An) is a ratio of Bn-1 to An, with the proviso that n (which represents the number of carbon atoms) is a prescribed even number satisfying the relationship: 10 ≤ n ≤ 20.
The present invention provides a lubricating oil composition with excellent torque capacity and shifting characteristics suitable for use as automatic or continuously variable transmission fluids, which composition comprises a base oil and, on the basis of the total mass of the composition, (A) a sulfonate detergent in an amount of 0.01 to 0.3 percent by mass in terms of metal (MeA); (B) a salicylate detergent in an amount of 0 or more than 0 and 0.1 percent by mass or less, in terms of metal (MeB); and (C) a boron-containing succinimide type ashless dispersant in an amount of 0.001 to 0.1 percent by mass in terms of boron (BoC); (MeB)/(MeA) being 0, or greater than 0 and 1.5 or less, and (MeA)/(BoC) being from 0.001 to 20.
C10M 133/44 - Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
C10M 163/00 - Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
49.
Raw coke for electricity storage carbon material and needle coke
The present invention provides a raw coke having such a structure that the graphitized product resulting from graphitization of the raw coke at a temperature of 2800° C. under an inactive gas atmosphere will have ratios of the crystallite size to the lattice constant of 360 or less in the (002) plane and 1500 or less in the (110) plane, as a raw coke providing active carbon produced by alkali-activating the raw coke, which is reduced in remaining alkali content and can simplify washing operation because washing liquid can easily pass through the activated carbon, or as a raw coke for the production of needle coke.
C10G 11/00 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
C10G 9/14 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
H01B 1/04 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of carbon-silicon compounds, carbon, or silicon
H01B 1/24 - Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon, or silicon
50.
VACUUM INSULATING MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
Disclosed are a vacuum insulating material having excellent heat insulating performance, and a method for producing the vacuum insulating material. A vacuum insulating material (1) has a filler (2) and an outer covering member (3) having a vacuum inside and enclosing the filler (2). The filler (2) is obtained by laminating two or more fiber array layers wherein continuous long fibers composed of a thermoplastic resin are stretched and arrayed generally linearly in one direction. The long fibers in an array layer are arranged in a direction which intersects the direction in which the long fibers in an adjacent array layer are arranged.
A kerosene composition excellent in combustibility, oxidative stability, and life-cycle characteristics is provided. The kerosene composition is obtained by mixing 10-90 vol.% kerosene base and 90-10 vol.% kerosene fraction obtained by the refining of, e.g., crude oil. The kerosene base is produced by hydrotreating, as a raw material, an animal/vegetable fat in which the proportion of constituent fatty acids having an alkyl group with 10-14 carbon atoms is 60 mass% or higher. The hydrotreating is conducted in the presence of hydrogen using a catalyst which comprises a porous inorganic oxide containing two or more elements selected among aluminum, silicon, zirconium, boron, titanium, and magnesium and, deposited on the inorganic oxide, a metal selected among the elements in Group 6A and Group 8 of the periodic table, under the conditions of a hydrogen pressure of 2-13 MPa, liquid hourly space velocity of 0.1-3.0 h-1, hydrogen/oil ratio of 150-1,500 NL/L, and reaction temperature of 150-480°C. The kerosene composition has an initial boiling point of 140°C or higher, final boiling point of 300°C or lower, flash point of 40°C or higher, sulfur content of 10 mass ppm or lower, 15°C density of 740-820 kg/m3, smoke point of 23 mm or more, and peroxide value less than 1 mass ppm.
A lubricating oil composition for wet clutches and/or four-cycle engines for motorcycles which can improve the power transmission performance of a wet clutch and reduce the friction of an engine and which is excellent in fuel consumption reduction, specifically, a lubricating oil composition which comprises a lube base oil, (A) 0.01 to 0.2mass% (in terms of phosphorus) of a metal salt of a prescribed phosphorus compound, (B) 0.005 to 0.5mass% (in terms of metal) of a metallic detergent consisting of a metal salt of an aromatic acid having a branched alkyl group, (C) 0.005 to 0.10mass% (in terms of boron) of a boron-modified succinimide ashless dispersant, and (D) 0.01 to 0.10mass% (in terms of molybdenum) of molybdenum dithiocarbamate.
C10M 129/10 - Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
C10M 129/54 - Carboxylic acidsSalts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing hydroxy groups
C10M 135/10 - Sulfonic acids or derivatives thereof
C10M 135/18 - Thio-acidsThiocyanatesDerivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups
C10M 135/30 - ThiolsSulfidesPolysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing hydroxy groupsDerivatives thereof
C10M 139/00 - Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups
C10M 159/22 - Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing phenol radicals
C10M 159/24 - Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing sulfonic radicals
Disclosed is a lubricant composition having excellent oxidation stability, which is characterized by containing, as a main component of a base oil, (A) a mineral oil having a composition including 10-50% by mass of a total aromatic content and 0.1-1.0% by mass of a sulfur content, a viscosity index of 85-100 and a pour point of not more than -10˚C. The lubricant composition is also characterized by further containing, based on the total amount of the composition, (B) 0.01-5% by mass of an antioxidant, (C) 0.01-0.1% by mass of an alkylphenoxy carboxylic acid, and (D) 0.005-0.1% by mass of a triazole derivative.
C10M 129/40 - Carboxylic acidsSalts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms monocarboxylic
C10M 133/44 - Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
Disclosed is a production method of solidified sulfur wherein materials containing sulfur in a molten state is stored in a material hopper (1) heated to within a set temperature range not lower than the melting point of sulfur, the materials containing sulfur thus stored is sucked by means of pressure generators (2a, 2b) and led out to cylinders (11a, 11b) heated to within the above-mentioned set temperature range, the materials containing sulfur thus led out is extruded from the cylinders by applying a predetermined pressure by the pressure generators and is poured through an inlet (24) into a formwork (5) that has an inner cavity in an enclosable state and is heated to within the above-mentioned set temperature range, the inlet of the formwork is closed after the cavity is filled with the materials containing sulfur, the materials containing sulfur poured into the cavity is cooled gradually by stopping heating of the formwork, and then a solidified sulfur, which is molded when the materials containing sulfur in the cavity is cooled and solidified, is taken out from the formwork.
C04B 28/36 - Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing sulfur, sulfides or selenium
A reforming device (10) for a fuel cell for reforming a raw fuel into a hydrogen-enriched reformed gas comprises a reforming section (12) for generating the reformed gas from the raw fuel and a steam supply means (100) for supplying steam into the reforming section (12). The steam supply means (100) includes a heat exchanger (108) for drying-out of water by exchanging heat with the reformed gas generated when the raw fuel is burned. The heat exchanger (108) has a cross sectional area larger than that of the pipe connected to the upstream side.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
H01M 8/06 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
A coating composition for hiding which comprises: a dispersion medium comprising 98-80 parts by mass of polybutene having a number-average molecular weight of 1,000-2,500 and 2-20 parts by mass of polyethylene having a density of 0.916-0.930 g/cm3 and an MFR of 4 or higher (the sum of both is 100 parts by mass); and 0.1-10 parts by mass of an inorganic pigment dispersed in the dispersion medium. The composition is excellent in the property of optically hiding the surface to be coated and the property of sealing the area to be coated. The coating surface has an excellent appearance. Whether the coating material is present in a coated area can be easily ascertained. This composition is intended to improve suitability for macroscopic/optical inspection steps in product assembly, etc. This coating composition for hiding is a highly functional composition which is superior to conventional compositions in heat resistance and applicability.
The present invention provides feedstock compositions for use of the production of an activated carbon for electric double layer capacitor electrodes or the production of needle coke, comprising a first heavy oil with an initial boiling point of 300° C. or higher, an asphalten content of 12 percent by mass or less, a saturate content of 50 percent by mass or more and a sulfur content of 0.3 percent by mass or less, produced as a residue resulting from vacuum-distillation of a petroleum-based oil and a second heavy oil with an initial boiling point of 150° C. or higher and a sulfur content of 0.5 percent by mass or less, produced by subjecting a hydrocarbon oil to fluidized catalytic cracking.
C10G 11/00 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
C10G 9/14 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
H01B 1/04 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of carbon-silicon compounds, carbon, or silicon
H01B 1/24 - Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon, or silicon
C10B 53/00 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
C10B 51/00 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by combined direct and indirect heating
Disclosed is an additive composition for lubricants, which can be prepared easily and is composed of a phosphorus-containing compound metal salt. The additive composition for lubricants has no adverse effect on rubber sealings such as swelling, while having excellent storage stability. Specifically disclosed is an additive composition for lubricants, which is characterized by blending, based on the total amount of the composition, 10-90% by mass of a metal salt of a phosphorus-containing compound represented by general formula (1) (wherein X4-X7 respectively represent an oxygen or sulfur atom, with at least one of X4-X7 being an oxygen atom; and R1-R3 respectively represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 3-18 carbon atoms, with at least one of R1-R3 not being a hydrogen atom) into a lubricant base oil which is selected from mineral oils, synthetic oils and mixtures thereof, and has a kinematic viscosity at 100˚C of 0.5-3 mm2/s, a %CA of not more than 3, and a sulfur content of not more than 0.05% by mass. (1)
C10N 30/00 - Specified physical or chemical property which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
A metal working fluid composition is provided which has excellent lubricity under highly severe conditions and satisfies requirements including oil removability, low odorousness, safety, and lubricant stability. The metal working fluid composition is characterized by comprising at least one lube base oil selected from mineral oils, synthetic oils, and fats and at least one specific amino acid derivative, the content of the amino acid derivative therein being 0.01-3 mass% of the whole amount of the composition. The composition is applied to metal processing including cold rolling, warm and hot rolling, pressing, punching, ironing, squeezing, drawing, forging, cutting, and grinding.
C10N 30/00 - Specified physical or chemical property which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
Disclosed is a lubricating oil composition that has a high metal-to-metal friction coefficient, has excellent shudder preventive properties and is suitable for use as automatic transmission oils and/or continuously variable transmission oils. The lubricating oil composition is characterized by comprising a lubricating base oil and the following materials (A) and (B) incorproated in the lubricating base oil: (A) 0.005 to 0.1% by mass in terms of boron (BoA) and 0.01 to 0.4% by mass in terms of nitrogen, based on the total amount of the composition, of (a1) a boronated alkylsuccinimide and/or a boronated alkenylsuccinimide having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 20,000 or a mixture of (a1) a boronated alkylsuccinimide and/or a boronated alkenylsuccinimide with (a2) a non-boronated alkylsuccinimide and/or a non-boronated alkenylsuccinimide; and (B) 0.01 to 0.5% by mass in terms of a metal (MeB), based on the total amount of the composition, of a metallic cleaning agent containing a straight-chain alkyl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms derived from an ethylene oligomer and having a base number of 100 to 500 mg KOH/g.
C10M 139/00 - Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups
C10N 20/00 - Specified physical properties of component of lubricating compositions
C10N 20/04 - Molecular weightMolecular weight distribution
C10N 30/00 - Specified physical or chemical property which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
Provided are a composite material and the like, which can realize a highly efficient photoelectric conversion material and the like. One aspect of the invention is a dye-sensitized solar cell device (10) that is characterized by comprising: a first substrate (11), a first conductive layer (12) formed on top of the first substrate; a Pt catalyst layer formed on top of the first conductive layer; an electrolyte layer (13) formed on top of the Pt catalyst layer; a dye adsorption metal oxide layer (14), formed on top of the electrolyte layer, where 7, 7, 8, 8- tetracyanoquinodimethane is adsorbed by anatase-type titanium oxide; a second conductive layer (15) formed on top of the dye adsorption metal oxide layer; and a second substrate (16) formed on top of the second conductive layer. The structure makes it possible to obtain a highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cell device, which can efficiently convert light over a broad wavelength range.
As a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition for trapping small organisms, use is made of a composition comprising: (A) 70 to 98% by mass of liquid polybutene having a number-average molecular weight of 200 to 1200; (B) 1.0 to 8.0% by mass of high-pressure method polyethylene having a melt index of 0.04 to 35; (C) 1.0 to 8.0% by mass of butyl rubber having a Mooney viscosity ML1+8 (at 125oC) of 30 to 60; and (D) 5 to 29% by mass of an alicyclic hydrocarbon resin. Thus, a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition for trapping small organisms, which has a high pressure-sensitive adhesiveness and good coating properties to an adherend, and in which the starting materials of the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition can be easily obtained and the pressure-sensitive composition can be produced at a good workability, is provided.
C09J 145/00 - Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic or in a heterocyclic ring systemAdhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
64.
ELLIPTICAL POLARIZER, METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME AND IMAGE DISPLAY EMPLOYING ELLIPTICAL POLARIZER
Provided is an elliptical polarizer which can be made thin while exhibiting a high production efficiency and can reduce the extent that a display image becomes hard to be seen because of the direction of the polarization axis even when a screen is observed through an optical member having polarization effect, e.g. through sunglasses. The elliptical polarizer comprises a translucent protective film, an anisotropic optical element consisting of a liquid crystal layer, a polarization element, and a translucent protective film that are laminated in the order mentioned. Also provided is a method for producing the elliptical polarizer, and an image display in which the elliptical polarizer is arranged.
G02F 1/1335 - Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
G06F 9/00 - Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
Disclosed is a lubricant composition containing a lubricant base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100˚C of 1-10 mm2/s, a %Cp of not less than 70 and a %CA of not more than 2, which composition also contains, based on the total amount of the composition, 0.01-10% by mass of a first viscosity index improver which is composed of a poly(meth)acrylate having a weight average molecular weight of not more than 100,000 and 0.01-50% by mass of a second viscosity index improver which is composed of a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of not less than 100,000 and containing a structural unit represented by Formula (1) in an amount of 0.5-70% by mole. The lubricant composition has a kinematic viscosity at 100˚C of 4-12 mm2/s and a viscosity index of 140-300. [In Formula (1), R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and R2 represents a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having 16 or more carbon atoms or a linear or branched organic group containing an oxygen atom and/or a nitrogen group and having 16 or more carbon atoms.]
C10M 161/00 - Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
C10M 129/76 - Esters containing free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
C10M 135/18 - Thio-acidsThiocyanatesDerivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups
C10M 139/00 - Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups
C10M 149/02 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
A gas oil composition which contains a low environmental load type gas oil base prepared by using, as the raw material, either an animal or vegetable oil or fat or hydrocarbons containing triglycerides resulting from an animal or vegetable oil or fat and which is excellent in life cycle CO2 emission characteristics, oxidation resistance and influence on members, specifically, a gas oil composition which is produced by blending 5 to 90vol% of a low environmental load type gas oil base prepared by subjecting an oil to be treated, which is obtained by mixing an animal or vegetable oil or fat and/or a component resulting from an animal or vegetable oil or fat with a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon compound in such amounts as to give a sulfur content of 1ppm to 2% by mass, to hydrotreating in the presence of hydrogen under prescribed conditions in two stages with 95 to 10vol% of a hydrotreated oil prepared from crude oil or the like and adding a predetermined amount of a low-temperature fluidity improver to the obtained blend and of which the 90% distillation temperature, flash point, cetane number, cold filter plugging point, sulfur content, oxygen content, triglyceride content, fatty acid alkyl ester content, total acid value, and acid value increase after oxidation resistance test fall within specific ranges respectively.
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/06 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10G 65/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
The present invention provides a process for producing aromatic hydrocarbons at a sufficiently high yield, from a light hydrocarbon containing mainly hydrocarbons having 7 or fewer carbon atoms. The process of the present invention comprises bringing a feedstock containing mainly light hydrocarbons having 2 to 7 carbon atoms into contact with a catalyst composition comprising at least a gallium-containing crystalline aluminosilicate wherein a reaction step for converting the feedstock to aromatic hydrocarbons comprises at least two or more reaction layers formed of the catalyst composition, arranged in series and heating means arranged either between or in the reaction layers, the amount of the catalyst in the first stage reaction layer is 30 percent by volume or less of the total catalyst volume, and/or the yield of the aromatics in the product outflowing from the first reaction layer is from 0.5 to 30 percent by mass.
C07C 2/54 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition of unsaturated hydrocarbons to saturated hydrocarbons, or to hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
The hydrorefining method of the invention is characterized by contacting, in the presence of hydrogen, a fuel stock comprising normal paraffins and oxygen-containing compounds, with a hydrorefining catalyst comprising a support containing USY zeolite and at least one solid acid selected from among silica-alumina, alumina-boria, silica-zirconia, silica-magnesia and silica-titania, and at least one metal selected from among metals of Group VIb and metals of Group VIII of the Periodic Table supported on the support.
C10G 45/12 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
C10G 45/64 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
C10G 45/06 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
B01J 21/06 - Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafniumOxides or hydroxides thereof
C10G 45/62 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 45/10 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
B01J 21/02 - Boron or aluminiumOxides or hydroxides thereof
Disclosed is a sheet material which is lightweight and thin and which has a large quantity of a metal adhered thereon. The sheet material comprises a base cloth (2) comprising at least one fiber-arranged layer (12A, 12B, 12C, 12D) on which unbroken long fibers are stretched and arranged almost linearly in one direction, wherein at least one surface of the base cloth (2) is plated.
H05K 9/00 - Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
B32B 15/14 - Layered products essentially comprising metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
D04H 3/16 - Non woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
70.
CYLINDER LUBRICATING OIL COMPOSITION FOR CROSSHEAD TYPE DIESEL ENGINE
A cylinder lubricating oil composition for diesel engines of the crosshead type is provided which is excellent in heat resistance and anti-seizing properties. The composition comprises a lube base oil and a phenate type metallic detergent (A) having an alkylphenol sulfide metal salt having five or more alkylphenol structures in the same molecule. This composition is useful especially in a two-stroke cycle diesel engine operated under such conditions that any or all of the following are satisfied: the bore size is 70 cm or larger; the engine is an ultra-long-stroke engine with a mean piston speed of 8 m/s or higher; the combustion pressure is 1.8 MPa or higher in terms of brake mean effective pressure (BMEP); and the cylinder wall temperature reaches 250°C or higher.
C10M 135/30 - ThiolsSulfidesPolysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing hydroxy groupsDerivatives thereof
C10M 159/22 - Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing phenol radicals
C10M 139/00 - Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups
C10M 159/20 - Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
C10M 159/24 - Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing sulfonic radicals
Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (Japan)
INPEX CORPORATION (Japan)
NIPPON OIL CORPORATION (Japan)
Japan Petroleum Exploration Co., Ltd. (Japan)
COSMO OIL CO., LTD. (Japan)
NIPPON STEEL ENGINEERING CO., LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
Nakashizu, Shigenori
Miyata, Yutaka
Sato, Kazuhito
Abstract
Disclosed is a method for the management of a wax fraction storage tank, which enables the management of a tank for storing a wax fraction produced by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis until the wax fraction is subjected to hydrogenolysis. The method is characterized by keeping the temperature in the tank at a temperature ranging from 90 to 130˚C and maintaining the inside of the tank in an inert gas atmosphere.
Provided is a method for starting a fuel cell system which can surely prevent oxidization/degradation of an anode by performing reformation from an early stage. The method is used for starting a fuel cell system having a reformer for reforming a carbon hydride-based fuel and a high-temperature type fuel cell. [A] M flow rates Fj are preset as a fuel flow rate, wherein M is an integer not smaller than 2 and 0 ឬ F1, Fj ឬ Fj+1 (wherein j is an integer not smaller than 1 and not greater than M-1), and FM is a fuel flow rate upon start completion. [B] The temperature of a reforming catalyst layer is increased while measuring the temperature of the reforming catalysis layer. [C] A fuel flow rate FR capable of reformation is calculated according to the measured temperature. [D] F = 0 if FR ឬ F1 and F = Fj if Fj ≤ FR ឬ Fj+1 (wherein j is an integer not smaller than 1 and not greater than M-1), and F = FM if FM ≤ FR. [E] If F exceeds the current value of the fuel flow rate, the fuel of the flow rate F is supplied to the catalyst layer and the reformed gas obtained by reformation is supplied to a fuel cell anode. The steps [C] to [E] are repeated until the fuel supply amount to the catalyst layer reaches FM. The fuel cell system may be appropriately applied to the method.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
H01M 8/04 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
H01M 8/06 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
H01M 8/12 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
Disclosed is a process for producing a hydrocarbon oil, which comprises the following steps: a washing step of contacting and mixing a raw material oil comprising an oil-and-fat component derived from an animal or plant with an acidic aqueous solution, thereby washing the raw material oil until the total content of an alkali metal component, an alkali earth metal component and a transition metal component in the raw material oil becomes 15 ppm by mass or less; and a hydrogenation/deoxidation step of contacting the washed raw material oil produced in the washing step with a hydrogenation catalyst under a pressurized hydrogen gas to produce the hydrocarbon oil. According to the process, the content of oxygen can be reduced satisfactorily in the production of a hydrocarbon oil by the hydrogenation/deoxidation of a raw material oil comprising an oil-and-fat component derived from an animal or plant, and it becomes possible to efficiently and stably produce a hydrocarbon oil having the stability against oxidation at a practically applicable level for use as a fuel oil. Also disclosed is a light oil for a diesel engine, which comprises a hydrocarbon oil having the above-mentioned properties as a base oil.
Disclosed is a lubricant oil composition. The lubricant oil composition comprises: a lubricant base oil containing a lubricant base oil component in an amount of 10 to 100 mass% relative to the total amount of the base oil; and a poly(meth)acrylate-type viscosity index improver having therein a constituent unit represented by the general formula (1) at a ratio of 0.5 to 70 mol%, wherein the lubricant base oil component has a urea adduct value of 4 mass% or less, a kinematic viscosity of 25 mm2/s or less at 40°C, and a viscosity index of 120 or more. The lubricant oil composition has a kinematic viscosity of 4 to 12 mm2/s at 100°C and a viscosity index of 140 to 300. (1) wherein R1 represents a hydrogen or a methyl group; and R2 represents a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having 16 or more carbon atoms.
C10N 30/00 - Specified physical or chemical property which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
A method for transporting a fluid catalytic cracking catalyst which can greatly reduce friction at a bend of a transportation piping when a fluid catalytic cracking catalyst (FCC catalyst) is transported therein in a dry state. The method for transporting a FCC catalyst comprises a step for transporting a FCC catalyst on a gas by feeding the gas in the transportation piping having a bend. The transportation piping is formed of a metal material and the bend consists of a first portion in the shape of a straight pipe, and a second portion in the shape of a straight pipe connected with the first portion. In the transportation step, the superficial air velocity of the gas is set at 5-20 m/s, the direction of the gas flowing through the second portion makes an angle of 45°-90° to the direction of the gas flowing through the first portion, and the density of the FCC catalyst is set at 5-10 g/L or 15-20 g/L.
C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique
2/s, the viscosity index of the composition is from 95 to 200, and the ratio of the kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of (A) the lubricating base oil (Vb) to (Vc) (=Vb/Vc) is 0.60 or greater, further, (C) a metallic detergent, (D) an ashless dispersant and (E) zinc dithiophosphate, each in a specific amount.
Disclosed is a raw material charcoal composition which is used as a raw material for a negative electrode material of lithium ion secondary batteries. This raw material charcoal composition is characterized in that when the composition is graphitized in an inert gas atmosphere at 2,800˚C, the ratio between the crystallite size Lc(002) and the lattice constant co(002) of the (002) plane as determined by x-ray diffraction analysis, namely Lc(002)/co(002), is not more than 180, and the ratio between the crystallite size La(110) and the lattice constant ao(110) of the (110) plane as determined by x-ray diffraction analysis, namely La(110)/ao(110), is not more than 1,500.
The refrigerator oil of the invention comprises an ester of a polyhydric alcohol and a fatty acid with a content of a C5-C9 fatty acid of 50-100 % by mole, a content of a C5-C9 branched fatty acid of at least 30 % by mole and a content of a C5 or lower straight-chain fatty acid of not greater than 40 % by mole, and it is used with a fluoropropene refrigerant and/or trifluoroiodomethane refrigerant. The working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine according to the invention comprises the ester and a fluoropropene refrigerant and/or trifluoroiodomethane refrigerant.
Disclosed is a refrigerator oil characterized by containing an ester of a polyhydric alcohol and a fatty acid containing 50-100% by mole of a fatty acid having 5-9 carbon atoms, not less than 30% by mole of a branched fatty acid having 5-9 carbon atoms, and not more than 40% by mole of a straight chain fatty acid having 5 or less carbon atoms. This refrigerator oil is also characterized by being used together with a fluoropropene refrigerant and/or a trifluoroiodomethane refrigerant. Also disclosed is a working fluid composition for refrigerating machines which is characterized by containing the above-described ester, and a fluoropropene refrigerant and/or a trifluoroiodomethane refrigerant.
C10N 30/00 - Specified physical or chemical property which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
Disclosed is an apparatus (4) for producing a reforming raw material for a fuel cell system (1), wherein a desulfurizer (6) for removing a sulfur component from a liquid fuel is disposed within a water vaporizer (5), which heats water (L) in a liquid phase state, through heat exchange with an off gas discharged from an SOFC stack (3), to vaporize the water(L), so that the desulfurizer (6) is immersed in the water (L) in the liquid phase state. According to this constitution, a desulfurizing agent within the desulfurizer (6) is heated to a temperature around the boiling point of the water (L) in the liquid phase state by heat exchange with the water (L) in the liquid phase state reservoired in the water vaporizer (5). In this case, the pressure of water (V) in a gas phase state within the water vaporizer (5) is regulated through an orifice (7) provided in a water vapor supply line (18). Accordingly, the boiling point of the water within the water vaporizer is regulated to a predetermined temperature. Thus, the desulfurizing agent within the desulfurizer (6) can be easily and reliably maintained at a proper temperature.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
H01M 8/04 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
H01M 8/06 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
H01M 8/12 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
A multifunctional, high-performance hydrocarbon composition is demanded. Concretely, a metalworking oil composition having high workability even under a severer lubricating condition while resisting to high productivity, and further capable of suppressing deterioration of working environments or degradation of quality of a product without rise of lubricant cost, a metalworking oil composition for minimal quantitative lubrication system, which is excellent in characteristics as a water-insoluble lubricant for nonferrous metalworking and also in characteristics as a lubricant for cutting/grinding by minimal quantitative lubrication method, and can attain improvement in working efficiency and a further extended tool life, an electric discharge machining oil improved in working environments such as odor or skin roughness and further improved in processing rate, particularly processing rate in high-level finish, a rust preventing oil composition improved in resin compatibility, and a detergent excellent in adaptability with organic material are demanded.
3, and including a n-paraffin content of 10 to 90% by mass, an aromatic content of 0 to 3% by volume, and a naphthene content of 0 to 20% by volume, a metalworking oil including the above-mentioned base oil and ester oil, and electric discharge machining oil, rust preventing oil, and a detergent composition including the above-mentioned base oil are provided.
C10M 107/02 - Hydrocarbon polymersHydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
C10M 171/00 - Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
C23G 5/024 - Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methodsApparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing hydrocarbons
82.
Solid phosphoric acid catalyst and methods of olefin dimerization reaction with the same
5) derived from the phosphoric acid. A method of olefin dimerization comprises bringing an olefin-containing feed material containing water in an amount of 10-1000 mass ppm into contact with the catalyst to initiate the reaction.
Disclosed is a method for producing an optical film wherein a homeotropic alignment liquid crystal layer can be easily formed by using an alignment film which is composed of a polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 75-90%. In this method for producing an optical film, the homeotropic alignment liquid crystal layer can be easily transferred to another member.
A process comprising: a first step in which catalytically cracked gasoline is hydrodesulfurized so that olefins contained in the catalytically cracked gasoline come to have a degree of hydrogenation of 25 mol% or lower and the catalytically cracked gasoline comes to have a total sulfur content not higher than 20 mass ppm of the product oil to be yielded, a content of sulfur derived from thiophene compounds and benzothiophene compounds not higher than 5 mass ppm of the product oil, and a content of sulfur derived from thiacyclopentane compounds not higher than 0.1 mass ppm of the product oil; and a second step in which the product oil obtained in the first step is further hydrodesulfurized so that the sum of the degree of olefin hydrogenation in the first step and the degree of olefin hydrogenation in this step is 30 mol% or less and the product oil comes to have a total sulfur content not higher than 10 mass ppm of the product oil and a content of sulfur derived from thiol compounds not higher than 5 mass ppm of the product oil.
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
C10G 45/06 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10L 1/06 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for spark ignition
85.
ARTIFICIAL GRAPHITE FOR NEGATIVE ELECTRODE OF LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF
Disclosed is an artificial graphite for a negative electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery, which is characterized by having a crystallite size (Lc) in the c-axis direction of 60 to 120 nm as measured by X-ray diffraction and also having a crystallite size (Lc) of 150 nm or greater after being graphitized at a temperature of 3000°C in an inert gas atmosphere.
An antiblocking-agent masterbatch obtained by compounding 100 parts by mass of a polyolefin resin with 1-40 parts by mass of fine polymer particles obtained by: passing two or more fluids including a liquid medium, a monomer, and a polymerization initiator successively through nets which are disposed at given intervals in a cylindrical passage and have a plane crossing the direction of the passage to thereby obtain an emulsion comprising the liquid medium and, dispersed therein, droplets comprising the monomer and the polymerization initiator; and heating this emulsion to polymerize the monomer. Also provided is a process for producing the masterbatch. When the fine polymer particles are incorporated into a polyolefin resin to produce the masterbatch for polyolefin resin films, gum generation can be prevented.
C08L 23/00 - Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bondCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
87.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REGULATING PARTICLE DIAMETER AND PARTICLE DIAMETER DISTRIBUTION OF EMULSIFIED PARTICLES IN EMULSION
A method of regulating the particle diameter and particle diameter distribution of emulsified particles in emulsion production which comprises successively passing two or more liquids which are substantially insoluble in each other through 50-200, excluding 50, sieve materials disposed in a cylindrical channel at intervals of 5-200 mm, the sieve materials corresponding to a 35- to 4,000-mesh sieve according to ASTM, and having a side crossing the direction of the channel to thereby attain the regulation. Also provided is an emulsifier as an apparatus for the method. The emulsifier is characterized by comprising: a liquid feed pump which feeds two or more liquids which are substantially insoluble in each other; and a cylindrical channel to which the two or more liquids are sent by the liquid feed pump, the cylindrical channel having a given number of sieve materials which have been disposed therein at a given interval and which each has a side crossing the direction of the channel.
B01F 3/08 - Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
B01F 5/06 - Mixers in which the components are pressed together through slits, orifices, or screens
B01J 13/00 - Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided forMaking microcapsules or microballoons
B01J 13/02 - Making microcapsules or microballoons
C08F 2/24 - Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (Japan)
INPEX CORPORATION (Japan)
NIPPON OIL CORPORATION (Japan)
Japan Petroleum Exploration Co., Ltd. (Japan)
COSMO OIL CO., LTD. (Japan)
NIPPON STEEL ENGINEERING CO., LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
Tanaka, Yuichi
Abstract
A process for producing a diesel fuel, characterized by fractionating in a first rectifier a synthetic oil obtained by the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis method into at least two fractions, i.e., an intermediate fraction and a wax fraction containing a wax ingredient heavier than the intermediate fraction, bringing the intermediate fraction into contact with a hydroisomerization catalyst to hydroisomerize the fraction and thereby obtain an isomerized intermediate fraction, bringing the wax fraction into contact with a hydrocracking catalyst to hydrocrack the fraction and thereby obtain a cracked wax fraction, fractionating the isomerized intermediate fraction and the cracked wax fraction in a second rectifier to fractionate these fractions into at least two fractions comprising a kerosine fraction and a gas oil fraction, and mixing the at least two fractions in a given proportion to obtain a diesel fuel having a dynamic viscosity as measured at 30°C of 2.5 mm2/s or higher and a pour point of -7.5°C or lower.
C10G 65/14 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural parallel stages only
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 47/00 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
89.
PROCESS FOR PRODUCING DIESEL FUEL BASE AND DIESEL FUEL BASE OBTAINED
Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (Japan)
INPEX CORPORATION (Japan)
NIPPON OIL CORPORATION (Japan)
Japan Petroleum Exploration Co., Ltd. (Japan)
COSMO OIL CO., LTD. (Japan)
NIPPON STEEL ENGINEERING CO., LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
Tanaka, Yuichi
Sato, Kazuhito
Abstract
A process for producing a diesel fuel base having improved low-temperature flowability which comprises: fractionating an FT synthetic oil in a first rectifier into a first intermediate fraction and a wax fraction heavier than the first intermediate fraction; hydroisomerizing the first intermediate fraction to obtain an isomerized intermediate fraction; hydrocracking the wax fraction to obtain a cracked wax fraction; and then subjecting a mixture of the resultant isomerized intermediate fraction and cracked wax fraction to fractional distillation in a second rectifier to obtain a diesel fuel base as a second intermediate fraction. Rectification conditions in the first rectifier and/or second rectifier are regulated to selectively reduce the content of n-paraffins having 19 or more carbon atoms in the heavy components of the diesel fuel base. Also provided is a diesel fuel base obtained by the process.
C10G 65/14 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural parallel stages only
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 47/00 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (Japan)
INPEX CORPORATION (Japan)
NIPPON OIL CORPORATION (Japan)
Japan Petroleum Exploration Co., Ltd. (Japan)
COSMO OIL CO., LTD. (Japan)
NIPPON STEEL ENGINEERING CO., LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
Tanaka, Yuichi
Abstract
A process for the production of naphtha which comprises hydrotreating a naphtha fraction separated from synthetic oil obtained by Fischer-Tropsch process, namely, FT synthetic oil, wherein the quantity of olefins in a hydrotreating unit is reduced by recycling a hydrotreated naphtha component in a controlled amount to the unit, whereby heat generation in the unit is inhibited to attain stable operation of the unit; and a process for the production of naphtha wherein the quantity of olefins in a hydrorefining unit is reduced by controlling the temperature at which a naphtha fraction is cut from FT synthetic oil through fractional distillation to attain stable operation of the unit.
C10G 45/02 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing
91.
BUBBLING TOWER HYDROCARBON REACTOR AND METHOD OF DETECTING SLURRY SURFACE LEVEL
Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (Japan)
INPEX CORPORATION (Japan)
NIPPON OIL CORPORATION (Japan)
Japan Petroleum Exploration Co., Ltd. (Japan)
COSMO OIL CO., LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
Onishi, Yasuhiro
Kato, Yuzuru
Yamada, Eiichi
Abstract
A bubbling tower hydrocarbon reactor in which a hydrocarbon compound is synthesized by the chemical reaction of synthesis gas, which comprises hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components, with a slurry obtained by suspending solid catalyst particles in a liquid. The bubbling tower hydrocarbon reactor comprises: a reactor main body which holds the slurry therein; a synthesis-gas supply unit which supplies the synthesis gas to the slurry; a pressure sensor which has been disposed above the surface of the slurry and measures the pressure of the synthesis gas above the liquid surface; other pressure sensors, which have been disposed below the surface of the slurry and measure the pressure of the slurry; and a level detector which detects the position of the surface of the slurry based on the results of measurements with the pressure sensors. The other pressure sensors have been disposed apart from each other in the axis direction for the reactor main body.
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
B01J 8/22 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium gas being introduced into the liquid
G01F 23/14 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measurement of pressure
Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (Japan)
INPEX CORPORATION (Japan)
NIPPON OIL CORPORATION (Japan)
Japan Petroleum Exploration Co., Ltd. (Japan)
COSMO OIL CO., LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
Onishi, Yasuhiro
Abstract
Disclosed is a synthesis reaction system for synthesizing a hydrocarbon compound through the chemical reaction between a synthetic gas mainly composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with a slurry comprising a solid catalyst particle suspended in a liquid and then collecting the hydrocarbon compound from the slurry. The synthesis reaction system comprises: a reactor main body for containing the slurry therein; a separator for separating the hydrocarbon compound contained in the slurry from the slurry; a first flow path for allowing the slurry containing the hydrocarbon compound to flow from the reactor main body into the separator; a second flow path for allowing the slurry to flow from the separator into the reactor main body; and a fluid supply nozzle for supplying the fluid to at least any one of the separator, the first flow path and the second flow path.
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
B01J 8/22 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium gas being introduced into the liquid
93.
BUBBLE-COLUMN-TYPE HYDROCARBON SYNTHESIS REACTOR, AND HYDROCARBON SYNTHESIS REACTION SYSTEM HAVING THE REACTOR
Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (Japan)
INPEX CORPORATION (Japan)
NIPPON OIL CORPORATION (Japan)
Japan Petroleum Exploration Co., Ltd. (Japan)
COSMO OIL CO., LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
Onishi, Yasuhiro
Kato, Yuzuru
Yamada, Eiichi
Abstract
Disclosed is a bubble-column-type hydrocarbon synthesis reactor for synthesizing a hydrocarbon compound through the chemical reaction between a synthetic gas mainly composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with a slurry comprising a solid catalyst particle suspended in a liquid. The bubble-column-type hydrocarbon synthesis reactor comprises: a reactor main body for containing the slurry therein; a synthetic gas supply unit for supplying the synthetic gas to the slurry; and an introduction unit for introducing a cooling fluid having a temperature lower than that of the slurry into the interior of the reactor main body.
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
B01J 8/22 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium gas being introduced into the liquid
94.
METHOD FOR EFFECTIVELY UTILIZING HEAT IN TUBULAR REFORMER
Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (Japan)
INPEX CORPORATION (Japan)
NIPPON OIL CORPORATION (Japan)
Japan Petroleum Exploration Co., Ltd. (Japan)
COSMO OIL CO., LTD. (Japan)
NIPPON STEEL ENGINEERING CO., LTD. (Japan)
CHIYODA CORPORATION (Japan)
Inventor
Yagi, Fuyuki
Kawazuishi, Kenichi
Abstract
This invention provides a method for effectively utilizing heat in a tubular reformer which, in using a steam reforming method or a carbon dioxide reforming method in a reforming step in a GTL process for producing various hydrocarbon oils from natural gas, can improve the thermal utilization efficiency. The method comprises a synthesis gas producing step of passing natural gas and steam and/or carbon dioxide gas through a tubular reformer packed with a reforming catalyst to convert them to a synthesis gas, a Fischer-Tropsh oil producing step of subjecting the produced synthesis gas to a Fischer-Tropsh reaction to produce a Fischer-Tropsh oil, and an upgrading step of hydrogenating and distilling the produced Fischer-Tropsh oil to produce various hydrocarbon oils. Excess heat produced in the synthesis gas production process is recovered, and the recovered heat is used as heat for hydrogenation and/or distillation in the upgrading step.
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C10G 45/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
C10G 47/00 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
95.
AMORPHOUS CARBON MATERIAL FOR NEGATIVE ELECTRODE OF LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
Disclosed is an amorphous carbon material for negative electrodes of lithium ion secondary batteries, which is characterized by having a true density of 1.800-2.165 g/cm3. This amorphous carbon material for negative electrodes of lithium ion secondary batteries is also characterized in that the true density becomes not less than 2.255 g/cm3 when it is graphitized at a temperature of 3000˚C in an inert gas atmosphere.
Provided is a wiping cloth capable of efficiently removing micro-dusts. The wiping cloth (1) comprises a fiber layer laminate (11) constituted by laminating fiber layers (12A-12D). The fiber layer (12A) forming a wiping surface is formed in a fiber-arranged layer in which continuous long fibers are substantially linearly arranged in one direction.
D04H 3/04 - Non woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
D04H 3/16 - Non woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
97.
AIR PURIFICATION FILTER AND AIR PURIFICATION FILTER ASSEMBLY
An air purification filter that is used together with another filter, prevents scatter of cut pieces of fibers separated from the another filter, and effectively reinforces the another filter. The air purification filter (2) has a fiber array layer body formed by layering fiber array layers over each other, where, in each of the fiber array layers, continuous long fibers are substantially linearly arranged aligned in one direction. The air purification filter (2) is adapted to be placed closer to a space (10) to be air conditioned than the another air purification filter (1) placed at an air outlet of an air conditioning facility. In the fiber array layers, some fiber array layers and the remaining fiber array layers are layered over each other such that the directions of extension of the fibers of the some and remaining fiber array layers are different.
F24F 7/10 - Ventilation with ducting systems with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan with air supply, or exhaust, through perforated wall, floor or ceiling
B01D 39/14 - Other self-supporting filtering material
B01D 39/16 - Other self-supporting filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
B01D 46/10 - Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
B03C 3/28 - Plant or installations without electricity supply, e.g. using electrets
D04H 3/04 - Non woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
D04H 3/14 - Non woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
TUNGSTEN-CONTAINING MESOPOROUS SILICA THIN FILM, HIGHLY HYDROPHILIC MATERIAL CONTAINING THE SAME, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING TUNGSTEN-CONTAINING MESOPOROUS SILICA THIN FILM
Disclosed is a tungsten-containing mesoporous silica thin film, which is a mesoporous silica thin film made from a solution containing a silica precursor and a water-soluble tungsten compound. This tungsten-containing mesoporous silica thin film has a molar ratio of the tungsten content relative to the silicon content, namely W/Si of 0.001-0.04, a film thickness of 0.1-5 μm and an average pore diameter of not more than 20 nm.
A fuel cell system (1) having a PEFC stack (4) in an internal space (S) of a housing (6) has a sheath heater (13) provided in the internal space (S) and heating the internal space (S). The sheath heater (13) is mounted on the bottom surface side of the internal space (S) of the housing (6) with a gap provided between the bottom surface and the sheath heater (13). A mounting plate (12) on which internal devices including the PEFC stack (4) are mounted is placed in the internal space (S) of the housing (6). The sheath heater (13) is placed between the mounting plate (12) and the bottom surface of the internal space (S).
This invention provides a method for starting a fuel cell system which can reliably conduct reforming from an early stage and can more reliably prevent an oxidative deterioration in anode, and a fuel cell system suitable for the method. The method is a method for starting a fuel cell system comprising a reformer comprising a reforming catalyst layer for reforming a hydrocarbon fuel to produce a hydrogen-containing gas, and a high temperature-type fuel cell for generating electric power using a hydrogen-containing gas. The method comprises a) the step of raising the temperature of the reforming catalyst layer while measuring the temperature of the reforming catalyst layer, b) the step of calculating the flow rate of a hydrocarbon fuel which can be reformed in the reforming catalyst layer based on the measured temperature of the reforming catalyst layer, and c) the step of supplying the hydrocarbon fuel at the calculated flow rate into the reforming catalyst layer to reform the fuel, and supplying the resultant reformed gas into an anode of a high temperature-type fuel cell. The amount of the hydrocarbon fuel supplied into the reforming catalyst layer is increased while repeating step b) and step c) until the amount of the hydrocarbon fuel supplied into the reforming catalyst layer reaches the flow rate at the time of the completion of the start.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
H01M 8/04 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
H01M 8/06 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
H01M 8/12 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
patents
