This hot dipped steel material has: a steel material; and a plating layer that is formed on the surface of the steel material and has a specific chemical composition. The thickness of the plating layer is 5 μm or more. The plating layer has a first region and a second region, and satisfies the following formulae (1) to (6): (1) Ra_A ≤ 10.0; (2) Ra_B ≤ 10.0; (3) 1.5 ≤ |Ra_A - Ra_B|; (4) 150 ≤ HV_x ≤ 350; (5) 200 ≤ HV_max; and (6) 0.80 ≤ HV_big/HV_sml ≤ 1.50.
C23C 2/06 - Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
B24C 1/04 - Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effectsUse of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass
B24C 11/00 - Selection of abrasive materials for abrasive blasts
Provided is a cooling structure (1) having water-cooling medium flow paths (25) formed so as to be in contact with a bottom surface portion (10a) of a battery pack (10). The cooling structure (1) has a flow path formation part (21) that forms a portion of the water-cooling medium flow paths (25). The flow path formation part (21) is joined to an adherend member by an adhesion part (30). The adherend member is made of a steel sheet obtained by forming an inorganic coating or a resin coating as a chemical conversion coating on an Al-based plated steel sheet or a Zn-based plated steel sheet. The flow path formation part (21) is made of an aluminum alloy. The thickness of the adhesion part (30) is at least 0.0005 mm. The adhesion part (30) protrudes by at least 0.1 mm toward the water-cooling medium flow paths (25). The flow path interval between the water-cooling medium flow paths (25) is at most 20 mm. The width of the water-cooling medium flow paths (25) is at most 60 mm.
C23C 22/40 - Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH < 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates
C23C 22/53 - Treatment of zinc or alloys based thereon
C23C 22/56 - Treatment of aluminium or alloys based thereon
H01M 10/651 - Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by parameters specified by a numeric value or mathematical formula, e.g. ratios, sizes or concentrations
H01M 10/655 - Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
H01M 10/6568 - Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
3.
HOT-DIP PLATED STEEL MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING HOT-DIP PLATED STEEL MATERIAL
C22C 18/04 - Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
C23C 2/06 - Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
C23C 8/16 - Oxidising using oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. H2O, CO2
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
4.
DETERMINATION SYSTEM, DETERMINATION METHOD, AND COMPUTER PROGRAM
This determination system comprises: an imaging device provided in a conveyance machine for conveying iron scrap; and a foreign matter determination device that acquires a determination target image captured by the imaging device and determines whether the iron scrap includes foreign matter.
The present invention has as its object to provide grain-oriented electrical steel sheet better improved in core loss in control of magnetic domains for forming laser grooves in cold rolled steel sheet. The present invention provides grain-oriented electrical steel sheet meeting the following requirements for achieving the object:
The present invention has as its object to provide grain-oriented electrical steel sheet better improved in core loss in control of magnetic domains for forming laser grooves in cold rolled steel sheet. The present invention provides grain-oriented electrical steel sheet meeting the following requirements for achieving the object:
That is, it provides grain-oriented electrical steel sheet comprising a base material steel sheet having a plurality of grooves on the surface of the steel sheet and a glass coating on the surface of the base material steel sheet, in which grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, an absolute value of an angle θ formed by a direction perpendicular to a rolling direction and a sheet thickness direction of the base material steel sheet and a longitudinal direction of the grooves is 0 to 40°, a width W of the grooves is 20 μm to 300 μm, a depth D of the grooves is 10 μm to 40 μm, and a pitch P of the grooves in the rolling direction is 1.0 mm to 30 mm, and, when a thickness of the glass coating at flat parts of the surface of the base material steel sheet is t1, a glass coating thickness of deepest parts of the grooves in the recessed parts of the grooves is t2, and a glass coating thickness of side parts of the grooves is t3, the relationship of formula (1) is satisfied:
The present invention has as its object to provide grain-oriented electrical steel sheet better improved in core loss in control of magnetic domains for forming laser grooves in cold rolled steel sheet. The present invention provides grain-oriented electrical steel sheet meeting the following requirements for achieving the object:
That is, it provides grain-oriented electrical steel sheet comprising a base material steel sheet having a plurality of grooves on the surface of the steel sheet and a glass coating on the surface of the base material steel sheet, in which grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, an absolute value of an angle θ formed by a direction perpendicular to a rolling direction and a sheet thickness direction of the base material steel sheet and a longitudinal direction of the grooves is 0 to 40°, a width W of the grooves is 20 μm to 300 μm, a depth D of the grooves is 10 μm to 40 μm, and a pitch P of the grooves in the rolling direction is 1.0 mm to 30 mm, and, when a thickness of the glass coating at flat parts of the surface of the base material steel sheet is t1, a glass coating thickness of deepest parts of the grooves in the recessed parts of the grooves is t2, and a glass coating thickness of side parts of the grooves is t3, the relationship of formula (1) is satisfied:
(t2+t3)/2≥t1 formula (1)
H01F 1/18 - Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials thereforSelection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets with insulating coating
B23K 26/364 - Laser etching for making a groove or trench, e.g. for scribing a break initiation groove
C21D 8/12 - Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
C21D 9/46 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for sheet metals
The zinc-plated steel sheet includes a base steel sheet having a predetermined chemical composition, a Fe—Al alloy layer formed on at least a part of a surface of the base steel sheet, and a zinc-plated layer formed on the base steel sheet surface or a surface of the Fe—Al alloy layer, the base steel sheet has an internal oxide layer of 0.2 μm or more in a sheet thickness direction from the base steel sheet surface, the Fe—Al alloy layer has an average thickness of 1 nm or more and less than 100 nm, and in a cross section in a thickness direction, the grain boundary coverage by an oxide is 60% or more in the internal oxide layer, a coverage of the base steel sheet surface by the Fe—Al alloy layer is 40% or more, and the tensile strength is 980 MPa or more and 2000 MPa or less.
A vehicle body 1 includes a center pillar 4 and a side sill 5. A front portion 5a and a rear portion 5b of the side sill 5 are restricted from moving inward in a width direction at a front restricting position X2F and a rear restricting position X2R, respectively. The center pillar 4 includes an overlapping portion 22 that covers an external surface of the side sill 5. A center position of the center pillar 4 is specified as X0, a front end position of the overlapping portion 22 from the center position X0 is specified as X1F, and a distance from the center position X0 to the front restricting position X2F is specified as L0. A distance from the center position X0 to the end portion position X1F is specified as L1. A ratio L1/L0 between the distances is 0.36≤L1/L0≤0.48.
B62D 21/15 - Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
The present invention has as its object to provide grain-oriented electrical steel sheet better improved in core loss in control of magnetic domains for forming laser grooves in cold rolled steel sheet. The present invention provides grain-oriented electrical steel sheet meeting the following requirements for achieving the object:
The present invention has as its object to provide grain-oriented electrical steel sheet better improved in core loss in control of magnetic domains for forming laser grooves in cold rolled steel sheet. The present invention provides grain-oriented electrical steel sheet meeting the following requirements for achieving the object:
That is, it provides grain-oriented electrical steel sheet comprising a base material steel sheet having a plurality of grooves on its surface and a glass coating on the surface of the base material steel sheet, in which grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, an absolute value of an angle θ formed by a direction perpendicular to a rolling direction and a sheet thickness direction of the base material steel sheet and a longitudinal direction of the grooves is 0 to 40°, a width W of the grooves is 20 μm to 300 μm, a depth D of the grooves is 10 μm to 40 μm, and a pitch P of the grooves in the rolling direction is 1.0 mm to 30.0 mm, and, at an inside of the glass coating directly under surfaces of the recessed parts of the grooves, one or more fine grains of a long axis of 1 μm or more and 20 μm or less are present in a cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the grooves.
C21D 8/12 - Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
C21D 9/46 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for sheet metals
In this blast furnace operation method, a first reducing gas containing a hydrogen-based reducing gas as a main component is blown into a blast furnace, a second reducing gas recovered and separated from furnace top exhaust gas and containing at least 50% of CO gas by volume fraction is blown into the blast furnace, and the temperature of the second reducing gas is raised to a blowing temperature before the second reducing gas is blown into the blast furnace, wherein the blowing temperature of the second reducing gas is determined on the basis of the amount of the first reducing gas blown into the blast furnace and the amount of the second reducing gas blown into the blast furnace.
The present invention provides an Ni-based alloy tube which is capable of achieving sufficient nitriding resistance in a high-temperature ammonia environment. An Ni-based alloy tube according to the present disclosure has a chemical composition set forth in the description, and a developed area ratio Sdr on the inner surface of the Ni-based alloy tube satisfies formula (1). (1): Cr/((2.0 + 0.8 × Fe + 6.0 × Ti) × (1.5 + 10.0 × Sdr)) ≥ 0.9 In formula (1), the content, in mass%, of an element is assigned to each of the corresponding element symbols. In cases where an element is not contained, "0" is assigned to the corresponding element symbol.
C22F 1/00 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
C22F 1/10 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
11.
CUTTING DEVICE, CUTTING METHOD, AND MULTILAYER MATERIAL
This cutting device cuts a workpiece sandwiched in a first direction, wherein: a first tool 110 and a second tool 120 are arranged facing one other in the first direction; a blade portion 110a of the first tool and a blade portion 120a of the second tool each have a pressing surface S1 perpendicular to the first direction and a first vertical wall surface S2 perpendicular to the pressing surface S1; at least one of the blade portion 110a of the first tool and the blade portion 120a of the second tool has a tool inclined surface S3 between the pressing surface S1 and the first vertical wall surface S2, the angle formed by the pressing surface S1 and the tool inclined surface S3 being an obtuse angle; and a clearance C [mm] between the first tool 110 and the second tool 120 and a distance d [mm] between the pressing surfaces S1 satisfy formula (A). (A): n
B23D 19/06 - Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by rotary discs having rotary shearing discs arranged in co-operating pairs with several spaced pairs of shearing discs working simultaneously, e.g. for trimming or making strips
A crawler link (7), which is a wear-resistant component, comprises: a high-hardness part (7A) that is composed of steel having a specific component composition, has a hardness of 57-60 HRC, and has a martensite structure; and a low-hardness part (7B) that is a region other than the high-hardness part (7A), has a lower hardness than the high-hardness part (7A), and has a martensite structure. The high-hardness part (7A) includes: a parent phase composed of martensite; and carbides (92) dispersed in a lath (91) of the parent phase. The area ratio of the carbides (92) in the cross section of the high-hardness part (7A) is at least 9%.
This spot welding device is a spot welding device for performing spot welding on a plurality of steel sheets overlapping with each other by clamping the plurality of steel sheets between a pair of electrodes, and energizing the plurality of steel sheets while pressurizing the plurality of steel sheets, in which a speed at which the pair of electrodes approach each other is limited to at least 12.0 mm/s or slower during a period from start of the energization to end of the energization.
An austenitic stainless steel with good strength and ductility is provided. An austenitic stainless steel has a chemical composition of, in mass %: 0.005 to 0.060% C; 0.20 to 1.20% Si; 4.0 to 8.0% Mn; 12.0 to 15.0% Ni; 19.0 to 24.0% Cr; 1.0 to 4.0% Mo; 0.05 to 0.40% Nb; 0.05 to 0.40% V; 0.20 to 0.50% N; up to 0.050% Al; and other elements, the tensile strength being not lower than 800 MPa, the braking elongation being not lower than 35%, the steel satisfying the following expressions, (1) and (2): (1) 0.7×Nb≤[Nb]≤0.30; and (2) 20×[Nb]/D≥0.050. In expressions (1) and (2), the Nb content in the chemical composition represented in mass %, the amount of Nb determined through analysis of an electrolytic extraction residue represented in mass %, and the crystal grain size represented in μm are substituted for “Nb”, “[Nb]”, and “D”, respectively.
C21D 9/52 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for wiresHeat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for strips
This steel sheet includes, in mass % C: 0.15% to 0.50%, Si: 0.01% to 1.00%, Mn: 1.00% to 3.00%, P: 0% to 0.0200%, S: 0.0001% to 0.0200%, Al: 0.001% to 0.100%, and N: 0% to 0.0200%, with the remainder being Fe and impurities, in which a metallorgraphic structure has an area fraction of 0% to 10.0% of retained austenite and 0% to 5.0% of pearlite, ferrite, and bainite in total, with the remaining structure being martensite and tempered martensite, a maximum diameter of MnS predicted by extreme value statistics is 30 μm or less, a surface roughness Ra is 5 μm or less, and a surface layer has a Vickers hardness of greater than or equal to a tensile strength TS (MPa) of the steel sheet×0.25.
A martensitic stainless steel material having high strength, and having excellent corrosion resistance in a corrosive environment in which SOx or NOx is mixed is provided. The martensitic stainless steel material according to the present disclosure satisfies a chemical composition described herein, and satisfies Formula (1). The yield strength is 862 MPa or more. In the martensitic stainless steel material, a number ratio of Mg oxides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 μm or more with respect to Ca oxides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 μm or more, Ca sulfides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 μm or more, and the Mg oxides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 μm or more is 45.0% or more.
A martensitic stainless steel material having high strength, and having excellent corrosion resistance in a corrosive environment in which SOx or NOx is mixed is provided. The martensitic stainless steel material according to the present disclosure satisfies a chemical composition described herein, and satisfies Formula (1). The yield strength is 862 MPa or more. In the martensitic stainless steel material, a number ratio of Mg oxides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 μm or more with respect to Ca oxides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 μm or more, Ca sulfides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 μm or more, and the Mg oxides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 μm or more is 45.0% or more.
0.001
≤
Ca
+
Mg
≤
0.005
(
1
)
A martensitic stainless steel material having high strength, and having excellent corrosion resistance in a corrosive environment in which SOx or NOx is mixed is provided. The martensitic stainless steel material according to the present disclosure satisfies a chemical composition described herein, and satisfies Formula (1). The yield strength is 862 MPa or more. In the martensitic stainless steel material, a number ratio of Mg oxides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 μm or more with respect to Ca oxides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 μm or more, Ca sulfides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 μm or more, and the Mg oxides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 μm or more is 45.0% or more.
0.001
≤
Ca
+
Mg
≤
0.005
(
1
)
Where, a content of a corresponding element in percent by mass is substituted for each symbol of an element in Formula (1).
[Problem] To further improve the punching property while maintaining ironing moldability during drawing-and-ironing molding. [Solution] A film-laminated steel sheet according to the present invention comprises: a steel sheet that serves as a base material; a film layer that is provided on the front and back surfaces of the steel sheet and that is constituted by a thermoplastic polyester film; and a wax layer that is provided on the film layer, wherein the adhesion amount of the wax layer is within the range of 0.030-0.135 g/m2 per surface, the adhesion amount of the wax layer is different between the front-side surface and the back-side surface of the steel sheet, and the adhesion amount ratio, which is obtained by dividing the adhesion amount of the wax layer on a large-adhesion-amount-side surface by the adhesion amount of the wax layer on a small-adhesion-amount-side surface, is within the range of 1.05-1.35.
B32B 15/09 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
[Problem] To further improve drawing moldability while maintaining punch release properties during DI molding. [Solution] A film-laminated steel sheet according to the present invention comprises: a steel sheet serving as a base material; a film layer composed of a thermoplastic polyester film and disposed on the front and back surfaces of the steel sheet; and a wax layer disposed on the film layer, wherein the coating weight of the wax layer is 0.030-0.120 g/m2 per surface, the coating weight of the wax layer differs between the front surface and the back surface of the steel sheet, and the coating weight ratio obtained by dividing the coating weight of the wax layer on a higher coating weight-side surface by the coating weight of the wax layer on a lower coating weight-side surface is in the range of 1.04-1.67.
B32B 15/09 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
A structural member (S, S2) comprises a wheel house (20) and side frames (31). The wheel house (20) includes a wheel house body (21) and a flange (22). The wheel house body (21) forms a space for accommodating a wheel. The flange (22) protrudes outward from the distal end of the wheel house body (21). The side frames (31) are formed integrally with the wheel house (20). The side frames (31) are joined to the wheel house (20) by welding. In each side frame (31), the minimum value of the Vickers hardness of the heat affected zone of a welded portion (50) is 70% or more of the Vickers hardness of the non-welded portions.
A prediction device according to the present invention comprises a prediction unit that calculates a first fraction for a first period and a second fraction for a second period for each phase of a plating layer on the basis of how much of each of a plurality of components is included in the plating layer, calculates the period length of the first period, which is until a portion of the corrosion of the plating layer reaches a base steel, on the basis of a corrosion rank for each phase, the first fraction for each phase, and a first corrosion speed for each phase, calculates the period length of the second period, which follows the first period, on the basis of the corrosion rank for each phase, the second fraction for each phase, and a second corrosion speed for each phase, and calculates the total of the period length of the first period and the period length of the second period as prediction results for the corrosion resistance of the plating layer.
This cold-rolled steel sheet has a predetermined chemical composition, in which a metallographic structure at a ¼ depth position, which is a ¼ thickness position from a surface, contains, by volume percentage, retained austenite: more than 1.0% and less than 8.0%, tempered martensite: 80.0% or more, ferrite and bainite: 0% or more and 15.0% or less in total, and martensite: 0% or more and 5.0% or less, and in the metallographic structure, a prior γ grain size is 5.0 μm or more and 25.0 μm or less, and a number density of retained γ on a prior γ grain boundary is 100/mm2 or less.
A steel material reduced in tensile residual stress at a sheared edge, in particular a fractured surface, is disclosed. The steel material of the present disclosure has a sheared edge, the sheared edge has a rollover, a fractured surface, and a burr, the fractured surface includes a first part and a second part, the first part is formed by a first crack propagating from the rollover side to the burr side, the second part is formed by a second crack propagating from the burr side to the rollover side, and an area ratio of the first part in the fractured surface is greater than an area ratio of the second part in the fractured surface.
A method for manufacturing a projection weld joint according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a first energizing step of energizing a steel sheet and a steel member so as to form a plurality of joint portions by projection welding a steel member to a first surface of a steel sheet that is a non-coated steel sheet or a zinc-type-coated steel sheet, in which the steel sheet has a tensile strength of 1.5 GPa or more, and the steel sheet has a Ceq of 0.30 mass % or more, and the manufacturing method further includes: a cooling step of quenching each of the plurality of joint portions; and a second energizing step of further energizing the steel sheet and the steel member so as to temper an end region in each of the plurality of joint portions.
Provided is a steel sheet for hot stamping having a predetermined chemical composition and a metallographic structure comprising, by area ratio, ferrite: 10% or more and pearlite: 10% or more, wherein a total of ferrite and pearlite is 80% or more, and a dispersion index of pearlite is 0.50 or more. Further, provided is a hot stamped part having a predetermined chemical composition and a metallographic structure comprising, by area ratio, at least one of martensite, bainite, and tempered martensite in a total of 90% or more, wherein a standard deviation in a hardness distribution of prior austenite grains at a sheet thickness ¼ position is 150 Hv or less.
Provided is a welded joint characterized by comprising: a plurality of overlapped steel sheets; a spot welding part having a nugget, a pressure contact part formed around the nugget, and a heat-affected part; and a separation part, at least one of the steel sheets being an Al-containing plated steel sheet provided with a base material steel sheet and a plating layer formed on at least the surface, from among the surfaces of the base material steel sheet, that corresponds to an overlap surface where a plurality of steel sheets overlap, the plating layer of the Al-containing plated steel sheet containing Zn and/or the steel sheet adjacent to the Al-containing plated steel sheet having Zn-containing plating on the surface thereof that corresponds to the overlap surface, the plating layer in the separation part on the outside of the heat-affected part having a prescribed chemical composition, the thickness of an Fe-Al phase being 10-200 μm in the plating layer of the separation part in a region 1 mm from the end section of the pressure contact part, and the area ratio of a Zn-rich phase being 0-20%.
Provided is a steel sheet characterized in that the tensile strength thereof is 1660 MPa or more, the metal structure thereof has, in terms of area%, 85.0% or more of martensite and 1.0%-7.0% of residual austenite, the balance structure making up 10.0% or less.
A martensitic stainless steel material having high strength, and having excellent corrosion resistance in a corrosive environment in which SOx or NOx is mixed is provided. The martensitic stainless steel material according to the present disclosure satisfies a chemical composition described herein, and satisfies Formula (1). The yield strength is 758 to less than 862 MPa. In the martensitic stainless steel material, a number ratio of Mg oxides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 m or more with respect to Ca oxides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 m or more, Ca sulfides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 m or more, and the Mg oxides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 m or more is 40.0% or more. 0.0010 Ca+Mg 0.0050...(1) Where, a content of a corresponding element in percent by mass is substituted for each symbol of an element in Formula (1).
B21B 1/16 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire or material of like small cross-section
B21B 1/22 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling bands or sheets of indefinite length
B21B 19/04 - Rolling basic material of solid, i.e. non-hollow, structurePiercing
C21D 8/00 - Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
C21D 9/08 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
NIPPON STEEL Chemical & Material Co., Ltd. (Japan)
Inventor
Kondo, Narumi
Kimura, Keiichi
Takahashi, Kazuhiro
Hiraga, Takuya
Abstract
A titanium alloy foil, wherein when a thickness is represented by t, the t is 0.005 mm or more and 0.200 mm or less, in X-ray diffraction intensities obtained when X-ray diffraction is performed on a surface, a peak intensity of a 200 plane of a crystal of a body-centered cubic structure is 5.0 times or larger a maximum peak intensity from other crystal structures, in X-ray diffraction intensities of the crystal of the body-centered cubic structure among the X-ray diffraction intensities, the peak intensity of the 200 plane or a peak intensity of a 211 plane is larger than a peak intensity of a 110 plane, and a tensile strength is 1,000 MPa or more and 1,800 MPa or less.
There is provided a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a predetermined chemical composition, in which an area fraction of a crystal structure A composed of crystal grains having a grain size of 100 μm or more is 1% to 30% in a cross section parallel to a rolled plane of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet, an average grain size of a crystal structure B which is a crystal structure other than the crystal structure A is 40 μm or less, and a Vickers hardness HvA of the crystal structure A and a Vickers hardness HvB of the crystal structure B satisfy Equation 1 ((HvA2+HvB2)/2−(HvA+HvB)2/4≤7.0).
C21D 8/12 - Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
C21D 9/46 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for sheet metals
A hot-dip plated steel material has a plating layer on a surface of a steel material, in which the plating layer contains Al: more than 22.5% and 50.0% or less, Mg: more than 3.0% and 15.0% or less, Ca: 0.03 to 0.6%, Si: 0.03 to 1.0%, Fe: 2 to 25%, and a remainder consisting of Zn and impurities, and, in an X-ray diffraction pattern of a surface of the plating layer, measured under conditions in which an X-ray output is a voltage of 50 kV and a current of 300 mA using a Cu-K ray, I1 obtained from an X-ray diffraction peak of Al0.5Fe1.5 is 1.1 or more, and I2 obtained from X-ray diffraction peaks of Zn, Al, and MgZn2 is 0.25 or less.
A steel sheet has a predetermined chemical composition, a microstructure at a t/4 portion ranging from ⅛ to ⅜ of a sheet thickness in a sheet thickness direction from a surface includes, by area ratio, ferrite: less than 10.0% and pearlite: more than 90.0%, a remainder of the microstructure is one or two or more of bainite, martensite, and residual austenite, granular cementites present on block boundaries and granular cementites present on colony boundaries have a maximum diameter of 0.50 μm or less in the microstructure, the number of grains of the granular cementites present on the block boundaries and grains of the granular cementites present on the colony boundaries per unit length is 0.3 pieces/μm or more and 5.0 pieces/μm or less, the granular cementites are cementites having an aspect ratio of less than 10, and a tensile strength is 1,200 MPa or more.
A hot stamped body, including: a steel material; and a plated layer, wherein a chemical composition of the plated layer contains, in mass %, 0 to 70% of Al, 10 to 60% of Fe, 0 to 20% of Si, and a C-group element being any one kind or two kinds of Li and Y, with a content of 0.00001 to 0.3% in total, and optionally further contains any one kind or two or more kinds of Sb, Pb, B, Cu, Ti, Cr, Nb, Ni, Mn, Mo, Ag, Co, Sn, and Bi, and a remainder being of Zn and an impurity, wherein the plated layer contains an n-Zn phase or a Zn-containing phase is used.
The duplex stainless steel pipe according to the present disclosure consists of, by mass %, C: 0.030% or less, Si: 1.00% or less, Mn: 0.10 to 7.00%, P: 0.040% or less, S: 0.0050% or less, Cr: 20.0 to 30.0%, Ni: 4.2 to 10.0%, Mo: 0.5 to 5.0%, Cu: 0.5 to 6.0%, N: less than 0.350%, O: 0.0005 to 0.0100%, and Ca: 0.0005 to 0.0100%, with the balance being Fe and impurities. A microstructure consists of, in volume ratio, ferrite in an amount of 30 to 80% with the balance being austenite. A yield strength is 552 MPa or more. A number density of Ca oxides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 μm or more is 500/100 mm2 or more.
Provided is a welded joint in which: a base material has a specific chemical composition in which α in the below formula is 5.0 to 16.0; the tensile strength is 615 MPa to 930 MPa; as regards the microstructure at a position 1/4 of the thickness from the surface, the total of the area percentages of lower bainite and martensite is 15.0% or more, the total of the area percentages of upper bainite, lower bainite, and martensite is 90.0% or more, and the area percentage of residual austenite is less than 1.7%; and the effective grain size in the region between the melt line of the weld part and a position that is 1 mm away from the melt line of the welding heat-affected part is 100.0 μm. Also provided is a pressure vessel including the welded joint. α=0.50×√[C]×(1+0.64[Si])×(1+4.10[Mn])×(1+0.27[Cu])×(1+0.52[Ni])×(1+2.33[Cr])×(1+3.14[Mo])
A hot-dip plated steel sheet has a plating layer, in which the plating layer contains Al: more than 30.0% and 50.0% or less, Mg: more than 5.0% and 15.0% or less, Si: more than 0.5% and 1.0% or less when Al is more than 30.0% and less than 35.0%, and 0.03% or more and 1.0% or less when Al is 35.0% or more and 50.0% or less, Fe: 0% or more and 5.0% or less, and a remainder consisting of Zn and impurities, and, in an X-ray diffraction pattern of a surface of the plating layer, I1 obtained from X-ray diffraction peaks of Zn, Al, and MgZn2 is 0.10 or less and I2 obtained from an X-ray diffraction peak of Al2O5Si is 1.05 or more.
A manufacturing method of a laminated iron core includes: a step of pressing, with a die (2), an electrical steel sheet having a coating containing an adhesive that exhibits adhesive ability through heating, provided to a sheet surface thereof, to obtain a unit iron core (1); and a step of laminating the unit iron cores (1) pressed with the die (2), and heating the sheet surface of the unit iron core (1) of an uppermost layer at a plurality of partial regions to make the unit iron core (1) of the uppermost layer to be partially adhered to the unit iron core (1) of a lower layer thereof at a plurality of regions. As above, by performing the presswork and the lamination substantially simultaneously as a series of operation, it is possible to increase the efficiency of manufacture of the laminated iron core without increasing the man-hour.
H01F 41/02 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformersApparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils or magnets
An electrical steel sheet includes an annular body. At least one of a plurality of adhesion layers (41) is a first adhesion layer. In one of two electrical steel sheets sandwiching the first adhesion layer in a stacking direction, when an imaginary axis intersecting with a central axis of the annular body and extending in an easy-magnetization direction is defined as an L-axis, an imaginary axis intersecting with the central axis and intersecting with the L-axis is defined as a C-axis, and the electrical steel sheet is partitioned into a plurality of sections(S) in a circumferential direction of the annular body by the L-axis and the C-axis, at least one of the plurality of sections(S) is a first section. In the first section, an area of the first adhesion layer in a first portion (P1) of the electrical steel sheet where a main magnetic flux is generated in the L-axis direction is smaller than an area of the first adhesion layer in a second portion (P2) of the electrical steel sheet where the main magnetic flux is generated in the C-axis direction.
A welded rail having excellent fatigue damage resistance and breakage resistance of a welded joint portion according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a plurality of rail portions; and a welded joint portion joining the rail portions, in which a HAZ width (W) is 60 mm or less, and when an interval between a most softened portion and a welding center measured along a longitudinal direction is defined as WX and a region where the distance from the welding center is 0.6 WX to 0.7 WX and the depth from a top portion outer surface is 2 to 5 mm is defined as a pro-eutectoid cementite structure evaluation region, in the pro-eutectoid cementite structure evaluation region, a total number of intersections (N) of a pro-eutectoid cementite structure intersecting a cross line including two line segments having a length of 100 μm parallel to the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction is 26 or less.
An evaluation device (100) evaluates the vibration of a magnetic material. The evaluation device (100) is provided with a magnetic core (10), a plurality of winding parts (20), and first measurement devices (31, 32, 33). The magnetic core (10) is made of a magnetic material. The magnetic core (10) includes a leg part (11). The winding parts (20) are arranged with a gap (G) in the axial direction of the leg part (11), and are attached to the leg part (11) in such a manner that the leg part (11) is exposed from the gap (G). The winding parts (20) are constructed to excite the magnetic core (10) by energization. The first measurement devices (31, 32, 33) measure the vibration of the leg part (11).
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present invention has a desired chemical composition, and in the internal region, the average aspect ratio of prior-austenite grains is 4.00-6.00, the area ratio of the martensite is 90% or more, and the value obtained by dividing the average aspect ratio of prior-austenite grains in the surface layer region by the average aspect ratio of prior-austenite grains in the internal region is less than 0.950.
This hot-stamp molded body has a desired chemical composition, has a tensile strength of 1800 MPa or more, has an average value of residual stress on a steel sheet surface of −250 MPa or less, and has an Hvs/Hvi ratio of 0.90 or less, Hvs/Hvi being the ratio of the average hardness Hvs in a surface layer region that is a region 20-50 μm deep from the surface and the average hardness Hvi at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface.
C22C 38/58 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
B24C 1/10 - Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effectsUse of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
B24C 11/00 - Selection of abrasive materials for abrasive blasts
C21D 1/18 - HardeningQuenching with or without subsequent tempering
C21D 7/06 - Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
C21D 9/00 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor
C21D 9/46 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for sheet metals
This shock-absorbing member is long in one direction and comprises a hollow tube and a reinforcement arranged in a fixed manner inside the hollow tube. The hollow tube comprises a steel material having a tensile strength of 650-1600 MPa. The reinforcement comprises a steel material having a tensile strength of 590-1600 MPa. In a cross section perpendicular to the lengthwise direction of the shock-absorbing member, the hollow tube has a top wall section and a pair of side wall sections, the reinforcement has a horizontal plate connected between the pair of side wall sections and a vertical plate connected between the top wall section and a position between one end and the other end of the horizontal plate, the hollow tube has a first part, a second part, and a third part arranged in this order along the lengthwise direction, and the second part has a fold start point section.
B62D 21/15 - Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
B60R 19/18 - Means within the bumper to absorb impact
B62D 21/00 - Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
Disclosed is a technology for imparting a color tone difference to a silicon nitride-based sintered body. A silicon nitride-based sintered body according to the present disclosure is characterized by having a plurality of crystal grains and a grain boundary phase that bonds the crystal grains to each other, and by having a lightness difference of 5 or more in terms of the L* value. The silicon nitride-based sintered body according to the present disclosure is obtained, for example, by kneading a silicon nitride powder and a powder of an auxiliary starting material so as to obtain a granulated body, and subsequently molding the granulated body and firing the molded body under specific conditions.
Disclosed is a technique that increases the brightness of a surface of a silicon nitride-based sintered body. A silicon nitride-based sintered body according to the present disclosure has a plurality of crystal grains and a grain boundary phase that binds the crystal grains to each other, has an L* value of 55 or more in at least a portion of the surface, and has a thickness of 10 mm or more. The silicon nitride-based sintered body according to the present disclosure is obtained, for example, by kneading a silicon nitride powder and a powder of a sub-raw material to obtain a granulated body, and then molding and sintering the granulated body under a predetermined condition.
A vehicle body 1 includes a center pillar 4, and a side sill 5 that is connected to the center pillar 4. The side sill 5 has a closed cross-sectional shape including an outer surface 153a that is arranged in an orientation along the vertical direction Z and that faces outward in a vehicle width direction Y, a bottom surface 154a that is arranged below the outer surface 153a and that is in an orientation facing the ground, and a lower flange 155 projecting downward from the bottom surface 154a. The center pillar 4 includes an overlapping portion 22 arranged so as to cover an external surface of the side sill 5 at a portion connected to the side sill 5. A lower end 224b of the overlapping portion 22 extends along the bottom surface 154a of the side sill 5.
B62D 21/15 - Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
In a rotor core cross section, positions of open-end front-side corner portions (1131a, 1131c) are on a rear side in a rotation direction of a rotor core (811) further than reference positions (831a, 831b).
An excitation waveform determination device (100) sets an initial candidate solution group (IS) and a new candidate solution group (US) as one or a plurality of candidate groups of an excitation waveform based on a harmonic superimposition condition (HC) being information that specifies a harmonic to be superimposed on a fundamental wave included in the excitation waveform, executes an electromagnetic field analysis to calculate respective electromagnetic forces generated in a stator (320) when making the candidate solutions included in the one or plurality of set candidate solution groups of the excitation waveform flow through a motor (M), and determines the excitation waveform based on a result of the execution of the electromagnetic field analysis.
H02P 23/04 - Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control specially adapted for damping motor oscillations, e.g. for reducing hunting
H02P 23/14 - Estimation or adaptation of motor parameters, e.g. rotor time constant, flux, speed, current or voltage
A duplex stainless steel material that has excellent general corrosion resistance and pitting resistance in a supercritical corrosive environment in which SOX gas and O2 gas are contained in a supercritical CO2 gas is provided. A duplex stainless steel material of the present disclosure has the chemical composition described in the description, and in the duplex stainless steel material, on a precondition that the content of each element is within a range described in the description, Fn defined by Formula (1) is 44.0 or more, and a total number per 1 mm2 of Mn sulfides having an equivalent circular diameter of 1.0 μm or more and Ca sulfides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 μm or more is 0.50/mm2 or less.
A duplex stainless steel material that has excellent general corrosion resistance and pitting resistance in a supercritical corrosive environment in which SOX gas and O2 gas are contained in a supercritical CO2 gas is provided. A duplex stainless steel material of the present disclosure has the chemical composition described in the description, and in the duplex stainless steel material, on a precondition that the content of each element is within a range described in the description, Fn defined by Formula (1) is 44.0 or more, and a total number per 1 mm2 of Mn sulfides having an equivalent circular diameter of 1.0 μm or more and Ca sulfides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 μm or more is 0.50/mm2 or less.
Fn
=
Cr
+
3.3
(
Mo
+
0.5
W
)
+
16
N
+
2
Ni
+
Cu
+
2
Co
+
10
Sn
(
1
)
A duplex stainless steel material that has excellent general corrosion resistance and pitting resistance in a supercritical corrosive environment in which SOX gas and O2 gas are contained in a supercritical CO2 gas is provided. A duplex stainless steel material of the present disclosure has the chemical composition described in the description, and in the duplex stainless steel material, on a precondition that the content of each element is within a range described in the description, Fn defined by Formula (1) is 44.0 or more, and a total number per 1 mm2 of Mn sulfides having an equivalent circular diameter of 1.0 μm or more and Ca sulfides having an equivalent circular diameter of 2.0 μm or more is 0.50/mm2 or less.
Fn
=
Cr
+
3.3
(
Mo
+
0.5
W
)
+
16
N
+
2
Ni
+
Cu
+
2
Co
+
10
Sn
(
1
)
Where, the content in mass % of a corresponding element is substituted for each symbol of an element in Formula (1).
A method for manufacturing a riveted joint includes: causing a shaft portion of a steel rivet having the shaft portion and a head portion to pass through through-holes of a plurality of overlaid sheet members; sandwiching the rivet between a pair of electrodes in axial direction of the rivet; applying a force to the rivet and energizing the rivet with the electrodes to form a deformed portion at a distal end of the shaft portion; and cooling the rivet. In the rivet after cooling, a Vickers hardness HB of the head portion satisfies 130≤HB≤330, and a Vickers hardness HA of the deformed portion, a thickness TA of the deformed portion, a Vickers hardness HJ of a portion of the shaft portion at center in axial direction and at center in radial direction, diameter DJ of the shaft portion, a Vickers hardness HB of the head portion, and a thickness TB of the head portion satisfy HJ×DJ≥4.7×HB×TB and HA×TA≥1.3×HB×TB.
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present invention has a desired chemical composition, and in the internal region, the average aspect ratio of prior-austenite grains is 3.00 to 5.50, the area ratio of bainite is 70 to 95%, the area ratio of martensite is 5 to 30%, and the value obtained by dividing the average aspect ratio of prior-austenite grains in the surface layer region by the average aspect ratio of prior-austenite grains in the internal region is less than 1.00.
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present invention has a desired chemical composition, and in the internal region, the average aspect ratio of prior-austenite grains is 2.00 or more and less than 4.00, the area ratio of the martensite is 90% or more, and the value obtained by dividing the average aspect ratio of prior-austenite grains in the surface layer region by the average aspect ratio of prior-austenite grains in the internal region is less than 0.950.
This impact absorption member is provided in a vehicle body, is formed along a prescribed longitudinal direction, and includes a closed cross section part in which a cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction has a closed cross-sectional shape. The impact absorption member is provided with: a low-strength part; a high-strength part that has the central part in the plate thickness direction in parallel with the low-strength part, the central part having a higher Vickers hardness than the central part in the plate thickness direction of the low-strength part; and a joining part that joins the low-strength part and the high-strength part. The maximum bending angle of the high-strength part is set according to the maximum bending angle of the low-strength part.
This shock absorption member has a configuration in which a breaking start-point is provided in a hollow tube, or a configuration in which a breaking start-point is provided in a reinforcement. The shock absorption member further includes a pair of reinforcement parts that extend along an extension direction of each ridge section of the hollow tube, each reinforcement part being provided at a position adjacent to the ridge section on an outer surface of a side wall part when the hollow tube is viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction at a position of a start point section.
F16F 7/12 - Vibration-dampersShock-absorbers using plastic deformation of members
B62D 21/15 - Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
This estimation device comprises a control unit that, by using an estimation model constructed in advance by using known data including supplementary information that is information on iron scrap including iron to be recycled and information on a concentration of an impurity element included in the iron scrap, estimates a concentration of an impurity element included in iron scrap to be evaluated.
25i250i00≤0.70; the Mg content in the surface oxide film is 0.05 atom% or more; and the adhesion amount of the plating layer is 20 g/m2 or more per surface.
This steel material has a prescribed chemical composition, wherein, in a cross-section perpendicular to the rolling direction, when d/2 is defined as the length of a line segment connecting the center of gravity of the cross-section to the surface of the cross-section which is nearest to the center of gravity, and a d/4 part is defined as the position of d/4 in the direction of the center of gravity from said surface, at the d/4 part of the cross-section, the number density of MnS with an area of 1.0-10.0 μm2is not more than 70.0 per mm2, the number density of MnS with an area of greater than 10.0 μm2is not more than 4.00 per mm2, and the number density of Nb-based precipitates with an area or not less than 20.0 μm2is not more than 0.20 per mm2.
The present invention provides a method for producing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet in which a plurality of grooves that extends in a direction that is generally parallel to the width direction of a steel sheet is formed in the longitudinal direction of the steel sheet, the method including: a first groove formation step for forming a first groove comprising a plurality of grooves which extends in a direction that is generally parallel to the width direction on a cold-rolled steel sheet that serves as a material for the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet; a secondary recrystallization annealing step for annealing the cold-rolled steel sheet, on which the first groove has been formed, so as to align the easy axis of magnetization of the cold-rolled steel sheet in the longitudinal direction to form a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet; and a second groove formation step for forming a second groove comprising a plurality of grooves which extends in a direction that is generally parallel to the width direction on the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet using a contact-type groove formation process.
C21D 8/12 - Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
C21D 9/46 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for sheet metals
θθθ is not more than 1.50%; the average particle diameter of the cementite particles is not more than 1.50 μm; the maximum particle diameter of the cementite particles is not more than 5.00 μm; and the spheroidization ratio of the cementite particles is not less than 75%.
A vehicle subframe 10 is fixed to a vehicle body, and includes a structural member that extends in a curved manner in a planar view from above the vehicle body, wherein: the structural member is made of a steel material and has an open cross-sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to an extension direction; the cross-sectional shape differs depending on a position in the extension direction of the structural member; and the structural member includes a reinforcing member 14 that is fixed at a predetermined position in the extension direction of the structural member.
[Problem] To provide a battery case and a lithium-ion battery that have exceptional electrolyte resistance and make it possible to prevent peeling of an oxide film on the inner-surface side of the battery case. [Solution] The present invention relates to a battery case for a lithium ion-battery, the battery case having a case body portion that accommodates a battery unit and a lithium-salt-containing electrolyte solution, and a lid portion that seals the case body portion. The material of the case body portion and the lid portion is a plated steel sheet in which a plating layer is provided to a base material steel sheet. A weld part at which the case body portion and the lid portion are joined to each other by welding is present in the battery case. The inner-surface side of the battery case at the weld part has a weld metal that contains not less than 0.3 mass% but less than 60.0 mass% of the main constituent component of the plating layer, and an oxide film layer that is present in a portion of the surface of the weld metal that may contact the electrolyte solution. The oxide film layer has a thickness of 5.0 μm or less.
H01M 50/15 - Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
H01M 50/103 - Primary casingsJackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
H01M 50/107 - Primary casingsJackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
C22C 18/04 - Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
C22C 19/03 - Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
C22C 19/05 - Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
C22F 1/00 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
C22F 1/16 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
C23C 2/02 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
C23C 28/02 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and only coatings of metallic material
Provided are a steel material and a pressure vessel containing the steel material, the steel material containing 2.65-4.45% of Ni in terms of mass%, comprising C, Si, Mn, P, S, Al, O, N, Cu, Cr, Mo, B, Nb, Ti, V, Mg, Ca, REM, Fe, and impurities within prescribed composition ranges, and being such that: α, represented by the expression α = 0.50 × √[C] × (1 + 0.64[Si]) × (1 + 4.10[Mn]) × (1 + 0.27[Cu]) × (1 + 0.52[Ni]) × (1 + 2.33[Cr]) × (1 + 3.14[Mo]), is 4.0-16.0; β, represented by the expression β = [Mn] × [P]-[Mo]/100, is 0.017 or lower; the tensile strength is 590-930 MPa; the microstructure at a site at 1/4 of the thickness in the thickness direction from the surface of the steel material includes lower bainite and martensite; the total area ratio of the lower bainite and the martensite is 15.0% or higher; and the total area ratio of upper bainite, the lower bainite, and the martensite is 90.0% or higher.
Provided are a steel material and a pressure vessel that includes the steel material, the steel material having a specific chemical composition in which α is 5.0-16.0 and a tensile strength of 615-930 MPa, and a microstructure in a location at 1/4 of the thickness from the surface of the steel material including lower bainite and martensite, the total area ratio of the lower bainite and the martensite being 15.0% or more, the total area ratio of the upper bainite, the lower bainite, and the martensite being 90.0% or more, the area ratio of residual austenite being less than 1.7%, and the Mn concentration of a center segregation part in a location at 1/2 of the thickness being 2.00% or less. α = 0.50 × √[C] × (1 + 0.64[Si]) × (1 + 4.10[Mn]) × (1 + 0.27[Cu]) × (1 + 0.52[Ni]) × (1 + 2.33[Cr]) × (1 + 3.14[Mo])
Provided is a rail capable of obtaining excellent wear resistance and damage resistance. A rail (1) according to an embodiment of the present invention contains 0.80%-1.20% of C, 0.80%-2.50% of Si, 0.10%-2.00% of Mn, 0.0250% or less of P, and 0.0250% or less of S in terms of mass%, with the balance being Fe and impurities. The metal structure of a head surface part (10A) has a pearlite area ratio of 95% or more and a Vickers hardness of 400 HV or more. In the head surface part (10A), the Si positive segregation degree, which is the ratio of the maximum value of the Si concentration in a Si positive segregation band to the Si concentration in a bulk region, is more than 1.00 to 1.35, and the Si negative segregation degree, which is the ratio of the minimum value of the Si concentration in a Si negative segregation band to the Si concentration in the bulk region, is 0.90 to less than 1.00.
This invention provides a welded joint that, even after PWHT, has a tensile strength of at least 780 MPa and excels in toughness. A welded joint (1) according to the present invention contains a weld metal in a welded part (2), and is characterized in that the weld metal has a specific chemical composition, and in a region between a depth position of 2 mm from the surface and a depth position of 12 mm from the surface in the center part of the welded part (2), the same contains a reheated zone region (32) at a structure ratio of 34% or more.
B23K 31/00 - Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by any single one of main groups
B23K 9/095 - Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
This automotive structural member is provided with a hat-shaped first member and a hat-shaped second member. The first member has a first top plate, two first vertical walls, two first flanges, and first standing parts. The first flanges are respectively located between the first vertical walls and the first standing parts. The second member has a second top plate, two second vertical walls, and two second flanges. The second top plate is positioned between the two first vertical walls of the first member. The second vertical walls respectively face the first vertical walls of the first member. Each gap formed between the second vertical wall and the first vertical wall is 5.0 mm or less. The second flanges are respectively joined to the first flanges. The second member comprises a steel material having a tensile strength of 690 MPa or more.
B60R 19/04 - Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects formed from more than one section
B62D 21/15 - Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
25i250i00 ≤ 0.70; the Mg content in the surface oxide film is 0.10% by atom or more; and the adhesion amount of the plating layer is 20 g/m2 or more per one surface.
The present invention provides a plated steel sheet which is characterized by including a base steel sheet and a plating layer that is formed on the surface of the base steel sheet, and which is also characterized in that: the plating layer has a specific chemical composition; the plating layer includes an Fe-Al phase that is located at the interface with the base steel sheet, and a main layer that is located on the Fe-Al phase; in a cross-section of the main layer, the area ratio of a Mg-Al-Zn-Si intermetallic compound phase having an Al content of 10% by mass or more is 0.010% or more; the Fe-Al phase contains 3.0-15.0% by mass of Si and 2.0-15.0% by mass of Zn; and the adhesion amount of the plating layer is 20 g/m2 or more per one surface.
This steel material has a prescribed chemical composition. When the Al content in mass% is defined as [Al] and the N content is defined as [N], the [Al] and the [N] satisfy a prescribed relationship. In a cross section perpendicular to a rolling direction, if the length of a line segment connecting the center of gravity of the cross section and the surface of the cross section closest to the center of gravity is defined as d/2, when the position of d/2 in the direction of the center of gravity from the surface is defined as a d/2 part, and the position of d/4 in the direction of the center of gravity from the surface is defined as a d/4 part, the solid solution Al amount is 0.018 mass% or more and the solid solution N amount is 0.009 mass% or more in both the d/2 part and the d/4 part, the number density of MnS having an area of 1.0-10.0 μm2is 70.0 particles/mm2or less in the d/4 part, and the number density of MnS having an area exceeding 10.0 μm2is 4.0 particles/mm2 or less.
A sub-frame 10 for a vehicle is fixed to a vehicle body, and comprises a structural member which is curved and extends in a plan view from an upper direction of the vehicle body. The structural member is made of steel material, and cross-sectional shapes thereof in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction are closed cross sections and vary according to a position of the structural member in the extension direction.
θθθ is 1.30% or less. The average particle diameter of the cementite particles is 1.50 μm or less. The maximum particle diameter of the cementite particles is 5.00 μm or less. The spheroidizing rate of the cementite particles is 75% or greater.
A joint structure of an automobile frame member comprises a first member and a second member. The first member includes a top plate, two vertical walls, two first ridgeline portions, and a continuous flange. The second member includes a first wall surface facing an axial end portion of the first member, a second wall surface extended from the first wall surface to the other side from the first member side, and a second ridgeline portion sandwiched between the first wall surface and the second wall surface. The continuous flange has an interval h, between the second ridgeline portion and the top plate, satisfying -10 mm ≤ h ≤ 10 mm, and angles θ formed by a surface perpendicular to the top plate and the two vertical walls, respectively, each satisfy 20° ≤ θ ≤ 45°.
B62D 21/02 - Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted comprising longitudinally or transversely arranged frame members
B60R 19/04 - Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects formed from more than one section
Provided are a steel material and a pressure vessel that includes the steel material. The steel material has a specific chemical composition that results in α as given by the following formula being 4.0–16.0, the tensile strength is 590–930 MPa, the microstructure at 1/4 of the thickness from the surface includes lower bainite and martensite, the total area percentage of lower bainite and martensite is at least 15.0%, the total area percentage of upper bainite, lower bainite, and martensite is at least 90.0%, and the Mn concentration of a center segregation part at 1/2 of the thickness is no more than 2.00%. α=0.50×√[C]×(1+0.64[Si])×(1+4.10[Mn])×(1+0.27[Cu])×(1+0.52[Ni])×(1+2.33[Cr])×(1+3.14[Mo])
This steel material has a specific chemical composition resulting in α being 5.0-16.0 and β being 0.017 or less, has a tensile strength of 615-930 MPa, and has, at a site 1/4 of the thickness from the surface, a micro-structure which includes lower bainite and martensite, and in which the total of the area percentages of the lower bainite and the martensite is 15.0% or more, the total of the area percentages of upper bainite, the lower bainite, and the martensite is 90.0% or more, and the area percentage of retained austenite is less than 1.7%. α=0.50×√[C]×(1+0.64[Si])×(1+4.10[Mn])×(1+0.27[Cu])×(1+0.52[Ni])×(1+2.33[Cr])×(1+3.14[Mo]) β=[Mn]×[P]-[Mo]/100
Provided is a steel material having a specific chemical composition in which Ceq represented by formula (1) is not less than 0.350, wherein: tensile strength is 490-720 MPa; in the microstructure at a site which is at 1/4 of the thickness from the surface, a transformation structure generated at a low temperature has a total area ratio of not less than 70%; and average crystal grain size is not more than 25.0 μm. Formula (1): Ceq=[C]+[Mn]/6+[Ni]/15+[Cu]/15+[Cr]/5+[Mo]/5+[V]/5
Provided is a welded joint which has a specific chemical composition in which Ceq represented by formula (1) is 0.350 to 0.490 inclusive, and a tensile strength of 490 MPa to 720 MPa inclusive, wherein: the number density of inclusions having an equivalent circle diameter of 0.01 µm to 0.50 µm inclusive and containing Ti and N is 1.0 × 105or more per mm2 in a portion at 1/4 of the thickness and a portion at 1/2 of the thickness from the surface in the thickness direction; in the portion at 1/4 of the thickness and the portion at 1/2 of the thickness, the average particle diameter of inclusions containing Ti and N is 150 nm or less; and the effective crystal grain size in a region between the fusion line of the welded part and a position of the heat affected zone separated by 1 mm from the fusion line is 100.0 μm or less. Also provided is a pressure vessel which includes the welded joint. Formula (1): Ceq = [C] + [Mn]/6 + [Ni]/15 + [Cu]/15 + [Cr]/5 + [Mo]/5 + [V]/5
This grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is characterized in that the base steel sheet has a chemical composition containing, in mass %, Si:2.5-4.5%, Mn:0.01-1.00%, N:≤0.01%, C:≤0.01%, sol.A1:0.01%, S:≤0.01%, Se:≤0.01%, P:0.00-0.05%, Sb:0.00-0.50%, Sn:0.00-0.30%, Cr:0.00-0.50%, Cu:0.00-0.50%, Ni:0.00-0.50%, and Bi:0.0000-0.0100%, with the remainder including Fe and impurities, the magnetic flux density B8 in the rolling direction of the sheet is ≥1.93 T, a deformed region extending over the entire width of the sheet is periodically formed at an interval L of 3-30 mm, in a direction intersecting the rolling direction, this region has a width W of 0.2-30.6 mm, a protrusion having a maximum height Dprotrusion of 1-5 m is formed on one surface of this region, and a recessed part having a maximum depth Drecess of 1-4 μm is formed on the opposite surface.
C21D 8/12 - Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
C21D 9/46 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for sheet metals
An Fe-based amorphous alloy according to one embodiment of the present disclosure has an amorphous structure and contains, in terms of at%, 8.0-18.0% B, 0-2.0% Si, 0.10-5.00% C, 0.10-3.50% P, 0-0.60% Mn, and 78.00-86.00% Fe, with the remainder being impurities.
C22C 45/02 - Amorphous alloys with iron as the major constituent
B22D 11/00 - Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
B22D 11/06 - Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
H01F 1/147 - Alloys characterised by their composition
H01F 1/153 - Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals
The present application discloses a ceramic sintered body that exhibits both toughness and abrasion resistance. A ceramic sintered body according to the present disclosure contains a first compound and a second compound. The first compound is silicon carbide, and the second compound is a diboride of a Group 4 element. The proportion of the second compound in the ceramic sintered body is 50-70 mass%. In a case where a 300 µm x 300 µm area of a polished surface of the ceramic sintered body is divided into 400 15 µm x 15 µm compartments, and the areal ratio of the first compound is specified for each of the compartments, the coefficient of variation CV of the areal ratio of the first compound is more than 0.14 and less than 0.23.
C04B 35/58 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxides based on borides, nitrides or silicides
84.
GRAIN-ORIENTED ELECTRICAL STEEL SHEET AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR
In the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an aspect of the present invention, a magnetic domain refinement treatment line, which is a part on which a magnetic domain refinement treatment is performed, exists in a magnetic domain control treatment lines which form an angle of 0° to 45° with respect to an orthogonal-to-rolling direction and are arranged in a rolling direction. It is preferable that the average magnetic domain width in an area, in which the magnetic domain refinement treatment line does not exist among the magnetic domain control treatment lines, and of which the length is 1 mm or more, is 500 μm or less. Alternatively it is preferable that the average magnetic domain width in an area, in which the magnetic domain refinement treatment line does not exist among the magnetic domain control treatment lines, and which includes two or more of magnetic walls, is 500 μm or less.
C21D 10/00 - Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
H01F 1/16 - Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials thereforSelection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
85.
WOUND CORE PRODUCING APPARATUS AND WOUND CORE PRODUCING METHOD
This wound core producing apparatus (40) is a wound core producing apparatus (40), the wound core being formed by bending and laminating a steel sheet (21), the wound core producing apparatus (40) including a bending device (20) that bends the steel sheet (21), and a feed roll (60) that feeds the steel sheet (21) to the bending device (20), in which a diameter of the feed roll (60) is 5 mm to 500 mm, a pressure applied to the steel sheet (21) by the feed roll (60) is 0.4 MPa to 2.4 MPa, and a Shore hardness of an outer circumferential surface of the feed roll (60) measured at 45° C. is A38 or more and A90 or less.
H01F 41/02 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformersApparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils or magnets
H01F 27/245 - Magnetic cores made from sheets, e.g. grain-oriented
86.
GRAIN-ORIENTED ELECTRICAL STEEL SHEET AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR
On a surface of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, a rate (a groove existence rate) of a part (a groove formation line) where a groove having a depth of 5 μm to 50 μm and a width of 10 μm to 300 μm exists among a total extension of magnetic domain control treatment lines which forms an angle of 0° to 45° with respect to an orthogonal-to-rolling direction and are arranged in a rolling direction is 50% or more in a first region which is a region where a β angle which is a deviation angle of a grain from a Goss orientation around an axis in the orthogonal-to-rolling direction is 1° or less, and the groove existence rate is less than 50% in a second region where the β angle is more than 2°.
This steel sheet has a desired chemical composition and is such that in a metal structure at a position that is 1/4 of the sheet thickness from the surface, prior austenite grains having an aspect ratio of less than 2.0 constitute less than 20% in terms of area%, prior austenite grains having an aspect ratio of greater than or equal to 2.0 and less than 6.0 constitute greater than or equal to 40%, prior austenite grains having an aspect ratio of greater than or equal to 6.0 constitute less than 30%, bainite constitutes 70-95%, and martensite constitutes 5-30%.
2233 is 4.0 mass% or more and the content of crystal water is 5 mass% or more, is reduced with a reducing gas using a fluidized bed; and a fluidized bed heat treatment step in which the iron ore powder, in which at least a part thereof is metallized by the fluidized bed reduction step, is heat treated with a non-oxidizing gas using a fluidized bed. The temperature in the fluidized bed in the fluidized bed heat treatment step is higher than the temperature in the fluidized bed in the fluidized bed reduction step, and the gas flow rate of the non-oxidizing gas in the fluidized bed in the fluidized bed heat treatment step is 1.5 times or more higher than the gas flow rate of the reducing gas in the fluidized bed in the fluidized bed reduction step, or four times or more the minimum fluidization velocity of the fluidized bed in the fluidized bed reduction step.
A press device (20) is provided with punches (21, 22), pads (23, 24), a die (25), and a support mechanism (26). A first punch (21) includes a punch top surface (211). A second punch (22) includes a punch top surface (221), a punch shoulder (222), a punch side surface (223), and a punch flange surface (224). The die (25) includes a die bottom surface (251), a die shoulder (252), a die side surface (253), and a die flange surface (254). The support mechanism (26) supports the second punch (22) such that the punch shoulder (222) is disposed closer to the die bottom surface (251) side than the punch top surface (211). The support mechanism (26) is configured to move the second punch (22) relative to the first punch (21) in a pressing direction (D1).
This plated steel sheet includes a steel sheet, and a plated layer disposed on a surface of the steel sheet, in which the plated layer has a chemical composition containing, in mass%, Al: 10.0 to 25.0%, Mg: 3.0 to 10.0%, Fe: 0.01 to 2.0%, and Si: more than 0 to 2.0%, with a remainder including Zn and impurities, and a number density of Mg2Si phases having a major axis of 2 μm or more exposed on the surface of the plated layer is 3 to 150 per area of 10,000 μm2.
A hot-rolled steel sheet has a predetermined chemical composition, a microstructure at a location of ¼ of a sheet thickness and at a location of 100 μm from a surface comprising, in area %, one or more of martensite and tempered martensite: 95% or more in total, and ferrite, bainite and pearlite: 5% or less in total, and an average dislocation density at the location of 100 μm from the surface is 1.2 times or more of an average dislocation density at the location of ¼ of the sheet thickness.
In an automobile hood, further enhancement of pedestrian protection properties when a pedestrian collides with a rear part of the automobile hood is enabled. An inner panel 2 of an automobile hood 1 includes: a pedestal 7; a plurality of units 9 each including an inclined wall 12 rising from the pedestal 7, and a flange 11; and beads 21 and 22 including at least one of a structure for connecting together outer end portions 55 of the inner panel 2 in a height direction Z perpendicular to a sheet thickness direction of the inner panel 2 and a structure for connecting an outer circumferential portion 73 of the pedestal 7 and the outer end portion 55. A plurality of the beads 21 and 22 are provided, and are arranged on a rear portion 1a side of the inner panel 2.
A lap welded joint includes a plurality of steel sheets that are partially or entirely overlapped, a spot-welded portion that joins overlapping portions of two or more of the steel sheets, and an arc-welded portion that is disposed to temper a nugget of the spot-welded portion. One or more of the spot-welded steel sheets are high strength steel sheets having a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more. A portion in which a hardness measurement value of the nugget of the spot-welded portion is minimized is present between a center of the nugget and the arc-welded portion. A difference between a minimum value of the hardness measurement value of the nugget and a maximum value of the hardness measurement value of the nugget is equal to or greater than 25 HV.
A hot-dip plated steel material has a plating layer on a surface of a steel material, in which the plating layer contains Al: more than 22.5% and 50.0% or less, Mg: more than 3.0% and 15.0% or less, Ca: 0.03 to 0.6%, Si: 0.03 to 1.0%, Fe: 2 to 25%, and a remainder consisting of Zn and impurities, and, in an X-ray diffraction pattern of a surface of the plating layer, measured under conditions in which an X-ray output is a voltage of 50 kV and a current of 300 mA using a Cu-Kα ray, I1 obtained from an X-ray diffraction peak of Al0.5Fe1.5 is 1.1 or more, and I2 obtained from X-ray diffraction peaks of Zn, Al, and MgZn2 is 0.25 or less.
A hot-dip plated steel sheet has a plating layer, in which the plating layer contains Al: more than 30.0% and 50.0% or less, Mg: more than 5.0% and 15.0% or less, Si: more than 0.5% and 1.0% or less when Al is more than 30.0% and less than 35.0%, and 0.03% or more and 1.0% or less when Al is 35.0% or more and 50.0% or less, Fe: 0% or more and 5.0% or less, and a remainder consisting of Zn and impurities, and, in an X-ray diffraction pattern of a surface of the plating layer, I1 obtained from X-ray diffraction peaks of Zn, Al, and MgZn2 is 0.10 or less and I2 obtained from an X-ray diffraction peak of Al2O5Si is 1.05 or more.
A hot-dip plated steel sheet includes a hot-dip plated layer formed on a surface of a steel sheet, the hot-dip plated layer contains 4 to 22 mass % of Al and 1.0 to 10 mass % of Mg with a remainder including Zn and impurities, a pattern portion and a non-pattern portion are formed in the hot-dip plated layer, an element concentrated region containing an element M and an interface alloy layer containing Fe and Al are present at an interface between the steel sheet and the hot-dip plated layer in the pattern portion, an average concentration of the element M contained in the hot-dip plated layer present in the pattern portion and the element concentrated region is 0.0010 to 2 mass %, and in the element concentrated region, the element M is concentrated two or more times the hot-dip plated layer present in the pattern portion, or the element M is unevenly distributed.
A coating liquid for forming an insulation coating for grain-oriented electrical steel sheets, which contains boric acid and hydrated silicate particles containing aluminum, a method for producing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet comprising applying the coating liquid to a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet after final annealing, and then performing a baking treatment, and a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet.
C21D 8/12 - Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
C21D 9/46 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for sheet metals
C23C 22/50 - Treatment of iron or alloys based thereon
In a forming method for processing a metal plate and a battery tray according to the present invention, a raw metal plate (10A) has a predetermined excess length at each edge part and a predetermined corner shape at a corner part. For the raw metal plate (10A), in a portion of a first edge part (15) that lies further toward a blank corner part (17) than a straight line (L11), the blank corner part (17), and a portion of a second edge part (16) that lies further toward the blank corner part (17) than a straight line (L21), an outer shape line (163) of the raw metal plate (10A) is located outside, namely on the side opposite to a bottom surface part (110C) relative to the polygonal line comprising a line segment (P1P3) and a line segment (P3P2).
An electromagnetic steel sheet with an adhesive coating film according to the present invention comprises: an electromagnetic steel sheet; and an adhesive coating film provided on at least a part of one surface or both surfaces of the electromagnetic steel sheet, the adhesive coating film containing a cross-linkable thermoplastic resin A and a thermoplastic resin B other than the cross-linkable thermoplastic resin A. The adhesive coating film has a hardness of 200-260 MPa. The adhesive coating film has a hardness of 200-300 MPa after heating at 200°C for 5 minutes.
B32B 15/08 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
H01F 1/147 - Alloys characterised by their composition
H01F 27/245 - Magnetic cores made from sheets, e.g. grain-oriented
A battery unit (100) is provided with a plurality of cooling members (10) and a plurality of battery cells (20). Each of the cooling members (10) include a first member (11) and a second member (12). The first member (11) and the second member (12) are each formed of a metal plate. The second member (12), together with the first member (11), forms a space (13) into which a cooling liquid is supplied. Each of the battery cells (20) uses a metal can (21) as an exterior material. Each of the battery cells (20) is disposed between the space (13) of one of the cooling members (10) and the space (13) of another one of the cooling members (10). Each of the battery cells (20) is bonded to the first member (11) or the second member (12) in one of the cooling members (10) and/or another one of the cooling members (10).
H01M 10/647 - Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
H01M 10/653 - Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
H01M 10/6555 - Rods or plates arranged between the cells
H01M 10/6568 - Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
