The present invention relates to uses of novel surfactant compounds. Particularly, to uses of novel types of Guerbet-type surfactant compounds in applications such as, but not limited to, an additive to enhance coatings on an anionic surface, an additive to increase aerosol efficiency of foliar fertilizer detergent sprays and cosmetic sprays, agricultural chemicals, anti-freeze applications, coatings, cosmetics formulation, softener in baby shampoos or for applications for sensitive skin, personal care products, detergency, emulsification, emulsifiers, flotation, fertilizers, fuel additives, industrial cleaning, oil recovery, paper manufacturing for paper sizing to enhance the quality of the paper coatings, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, rust resistant coatings and corrosion inhibitors, and textile processing.
The present invention relates to uses of novel luminescent surfactant compounds. The invention further relates to novel uses of novel types of luminescent Guerbet-type surfactant compounds.
The present invention relates to novel surfactant compounds. Particularly, novel types of Guerbet-type surfactant compounds which have been shown to demonstrate superior surfactant properties.
C07C 229/12 - Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton the nitrogen atom of the amino group being further bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings to carbon atoms of acyclic carbon skeletons
C11D 1/00 - Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compoundsUse of these compounds as a detergent
C07D 201/00 - Preparation, separation, purification, or stabilisation of unsubstituted lactams
C07C 229/16 - Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton the nitrogen atom of the amino group being further bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings to carbon atoms of hydrocarbon radicals substituted by amino or carboxyl groups, e.g. ethylenediamine-tetra-acetic acid, iminodiacetic acids
C07D 265/32 - 1,4-OxazinesHydrogenated 1,4-oxazines not condensed with other rings with oxygen atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
The invention relates to a ventilation monitoring system comprising a ventilation data capturing device connected between a patient and a ventilator device dedicated to the patient, for collecting ventilation data between the patient and ventilator device; an on-site device; a remote device for communicating with the ventilation data capturing device and the on-site device; at least one processor; and at least one memory device coupled to the at least processor configured to: collect ventilation data from the ventilation data capturing device; transmit the collected ventilation data to the remote device/server for analysis; and generate output data comprising the instructions/commands for actioning on the ventilator device, to provide suitable ventilation support to the patient, or generate output data comprising the status of the ventilator device associated with the ventilation data capturing device.
A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes
G16H 40/67 - ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilitiesICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for remote operation
5.
Method of Determining Risk for Chronic Stress and Stroke
The invention provides methods of determining risk for chronic stress and stroke. More specifically, the invention relates to an early prognostic index that can be used to predict chronic stress and stroke risk. There is provided a method of evaluating the risk of developing chronic stress and stroke, the method including obtaining a biological sample from an individual; measuring the levels of a set of biomarkers in the biological sample obtained from the individual; measuring the levels of a set of clinical markers of the individual; using a computer to programmatically generate an index based on the levels of biomarker in the biological sample obtained from the individual in combination with levels of the individuals clinical marker; and using the index to identify a likelihood that the individual will experience chronic stress and stroke.
G16H 50/30 - ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data miningICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for calculating health indicesICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data miningICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for individual health risk assessment
G01N 33/72 - Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urineTesting involving biospecific ligand binding methodsImmunological testing involving blood pigments, e.g. hemoglobin, bilirubin
G01N 33/68 - Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urineTesting involving biospecific ligand binding methodsImmunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
G01N 33/94 - Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urineTesting involving biospecific ligand binding methodsImmunological testing involving narcotics
G01N 33/74 - Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urineTesting involving biospecific ligand binding methodsImmunological testing involving hormones
G01N 33/92 - Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urineTesting involving biospecific ligand binding methodsImmunological testing involving lipids, e.g. cholesterol
C12Q 1/34 - Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganismsCompositions thereforProcesses of preparing such compositions involving hydrolase
A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
6.
COBALT TELLURIUM OXIDE AS A PHOTOCHARGED ELECTROCATALYST
The present invention relates to photosensitive and/or photoactive electrochemical cobalt tellurium oxide compounds which may be used as a photo-electrocatalyst in an electrochemical process and/or a semiconductor in a photovoltaic cell. More particularly, the invention relates to cobalt-tellurium-oxide compounds that are capable of storing and discharging current density after illumination
C25B 9/50 - Cells or assemblies of cells comprising photoelectrodesAssemblies of constructional parts thereof
C25B 11/052 - Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
C25B 11/077 - Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalysts material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide
This invention relates to methods and systems for providing test results, particularly test results from a PCR test of a biological sample, in an automated fashion. The method comprises receiving test data acquired from medical test equipment and processing the test data with a classifier to determine a corresponding test result automatically with a performance measurement. If the performance measurement associated is below a predetermined threshold, the method comprises transmitting the test data to a clinician, receiving a test result from the clinician; and updating the classification database with the test data and the corresponding test result received from the clinician; and if the performance measurement associated with the classification is above the threshold, randomly selecting and transmitting test data to the clinician; receiving a test result from the clinician; and if necessary, updating the classification database with the test data and the corresponding test result from the clinician.
G16H 50/20 - ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data miningICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems
The invention relates to a ventilation monitoring system comprising a ventilation data capturing device connected between a patient and a ventilator device dedicated to the patient, for collecting ventilation data between the patient and ventilator device; an on-site device; a remote device for communicating with the ventilation data capturing device and the on-site device; at least one processor; and at least one memory device coupled to the at least processor configured to: collect ventilation data from the ventilation data capturing device; transmit the collected ventilation data to the remote device/server for analysis; and generate output data comprising the instructions/commands for actioning on the ventilator device, to provide suitable ventilation support to the patient, or generate output data comprising the status of the ventilator device associated with the ventilation data capturing device.
The invention provides methods of determining risk for chronic stress and stroke. More specifically, the invention relates to an early prognostic index that can be used to predict chronic stress and stroke risk. There is provided a method of evaluating the risk of developing chronic stress and stroke, the method including obtaining a biological sample from an individual; measuring the levels of a set of biomarkers in the biological sample obtained from the individual; measuring the levels of a set of clinical markers of the individual; using a computer to programmatically generate an index based on the levels of biomarker in the biological sample obtained from the individual in combination with levels of the individual's clinical marker; and using the index to identify a likelihood that the individual will experience chronic stress and stroke.
C12Q 1/00 - Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganismsCompositions thereforProcesses of preparing such compositions
G01N 33/48 - Biological material, e.g. blood, urineHaemocytometers
G16B 20/00 - ICT specially adapted for functional genomics or proteomics, e.g. genotype-phenotype associations
G16B 25/10 - Gene or protein expression profilingExpression-ratio estimation or normalisation
G16H 50/30 - ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data miningICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for calculating health indicesICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data miningICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for individual health risk assessment
10.
METHOD OF DETERMINING RISK FOR CHRONIC STRESS AND STROKE
The invention provides methods of determining risk for chronic stress and stroke. More specifically, the invention relates to an early prognostic index that can be used to predict chronic stress and stroke risk. There is provided a method of evaluating the risk of developing chronic stress and stroke, the method including obtaining a biological sample from an individual; measuring the levels of a set of biomarkers in the biological sample obtained from the individual; measuring the levels of a set of clinical markers of the individual; using a computer to programmatically generate an index based on the levels of biomarker in the biological sample obtained from the individual in combination with levels of the individual's clinical marker; and using the index to identify a likelihood that the individual will experience chronic stress and stroke.
This invention relates to photosensitive and/or photoactive electrochemical europium-tellurium-oxide compounds which may be used as a photo-electrocatalyst in an electrochemical process and/or as a semiconductor in a photovoltaic cell. More particularly, the invention relates to europium-tellurium-oxide compounds which retains an increased electro active state induced therein during a preceding illumination step. There is provided for the electrochemical process to be any one of an oxygen evolution reaction and an oxygen reduction reaction.
This invention relates to a device for absorbing vibration at an engine of a vehicle, transmitted to the engine by wheel inputs, resulting in a reduction of vibration at the engine and the vehicle body. The vibration absorber device comprises an absorber mass fixed to the engine via a biasing means. The mass and biasing means are selected to have a natural frequency which coincides with a natural frequency of a bounce mode of an engine mount system. Consequently, operatively, at least a portion of vibrations transmitted from external sources to the engine, through the engine mounts, is absorbed by the absorber device.
This invention relates to a drive circuit (10) and method for driving a transformer (12) that comprises primary and secondary windings (14, 16) which are connected in a primary winding circuit (18) and a secondary circuit (20) respectively. The secondary circuit comprises a variable secondary load impedance (21) comprising a resistance Rs and capacitance Cs and has a secondary resonance frequency. The drive circuit comprises a DC current source (34) and a switching circuit (36.3) which is switchable between an open and closed configuration by a signal applied to a control terminal (38) thereof. The current source and the switching arrangement are connected in parallel with one another as well as with the primary winding circuit. A feedback circuit (40) is connected in parallel with the primary winding circuit and comprises an output terminal (40.3) connected to the control terminal (38) of the switching arrangement, to cause the switching arrangement to switch at a frequency equal to the secondary resonance frequency.
F02P 23/04 - Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays
F02P 3/01 - Electric spark ignition installations without subsequent energy storage, i.e. energy supplied by an electrical oscillator
F02P 5/145 - Advancing or retarding electric ignition sparkControl therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
F02P 9/00 - Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
H01T 13/44 - Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices with transformers, e.g. for high-frequency ignition
H01T 19/00 - Devices providing for corona discharge
F23Q 3/00 - Ignition using electrically-produced sparks
14.
Production of a carbonaceous feedstock material from a waste carbon source
The production carbonaceous feedstock material from waste containing carbon sources and the use thereof in gasification processes for hazardous emissions of greenhouse gases and sulphur are significantly minimized and enhanced reaction rates are described. A process for producing a carbonaceous feedstock material from waste containing carbon sources, including the steps consisting of: (i) introducing a source of biochar to a source of discard coal fines to form a bio-coal mixture; (ii) introducing a catalyst additive selected from the group consisting of a source of an alkali metal or a source of an alkaline earth metal to the bio-coal mixture; (iii) optionally, contacting the bio-coal mixture with a binder; and (iv) compacting the resulting mixture of step (ii) or (iii) to form one or more carbonaceous feedstock briquettes, the size of said briquettes having a dimension of at least 5 mm.
An ignition plug 10 comprises an elongate cylindrical body 12 of an electrically insulating material having a first end 12.1, a second end 12.2 opposite to the first end and a first face 14 at the first end. A first elongate electrode 16 having a first end 16.1 and a second end 16.2 extends longitudinally in the body. The first electrode terminates at the first end thereof a first distance d1 from the first end of the body in a direction towards the second end of the body. The body hence defines a blind bore 18 extending between the first end of the first electrode and the first end of the body. A second electrode is provided on an outer surface of the body and terminates at one of a) flush with the first face 14 of the body and b) a second distance d2 from the first end of the body in a direction towards the second end of the bod.
The present invention relates to an electrocatalyst for use in the reduction of oxygen. The invention further extends to a reactor provided with said electrocatalyst and a method for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) using the aforementioned reactor. According to a first (and second) aspect of the invention, there is provided an electrocatalyst for use in the ORR, the electrocatalyst being provided as a combination of three or more metals described by the following formula: RxNiyAlz,wherein: R is one or more metals selected from the platinum-group metals; x has a value of from 1 to 40 (1 to 30); y has a value of from 25 to 70 (25 to 70); and z has a value of from 1 to 20 (25 to 70).
B01J 23/89 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
The present invention relates to an array of combinatorial screening electrodes and to an electrochemical system for combinatorial screening of different electrocatalysts incorporating such an array. The array 12 of combinatorial screening electrodes 14 are arranged on a surface of a substrate 16, with each electrode 14 having a respective electrode surface area. The substrate 16 has inner and outer zones (18, 20), with the inner zone 18 having an inner zone surface area and the outer zone 20 surrounding the inner zone 18. All electrodes 14 forming part of the array 12 are arranged within the outer zone 20. The inner zone surface area is furthermore at least 5 times larger than the electrode surface area of the largest electrode14 in the array 12.
The present invention relates to an electrocatalyst for use in the electrolysis of water. The invention further extends to an electrolytic reactor provided with said electrocatalyst and a method for the electrolysis of water using the aforementioned electrolytic reactor. According to a first (and second) aspect of the invention, there is provided an electrocatalyst for use in the electrolysis of water, the electrocatalyst being provided as a combination of three or more metals described by the following formula RxNiyAIz, wherein R is one or more metals selected from the platinum-group metals; x has a value of from 1 to 40 (1 to 30); y has a value of from 25 to 70 (25 to 70); and z has a value of from 1 to 20 (25 to 70).
B01J 23/89 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
19.
A METHOD AND COMPOSITION FOR TREATING BEES AGAINST VARROA MITES
The invention discloses a composition for the treatment of bees against parasitic infestation such as Varroa destructor and Varroa Jacobsoni mite infestation. The composition comprises a mixture of Fenton's reagent(s) to operatively produce free radicals, and a bee attractant in a suitable solution. The Fenton's reagent and/or the concentration thereof are selected such as to be detrimental to the antioxidant defence metabolism of the parasite, and preferably complementary to the bee's metabolism. The invention extends to a method for the treatment of bees against said infestation; and a kit for administering said composition to the bee.
A01N 25/00 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of applicationSubstances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
20.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COLLECTING MYCOBACTERIUM COMPLEX SPECIES FROM THE ORAL CAVITY OF A PATIENT
This invention relates to a method and device for collecting a Mycobacterium complex species, such Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) from the oral cavities of particularly children and infants. A device is provided which has a distal end and an operative end portion manufactured from a parent polymer which has been functionalised with a chemical compound having an affinity to the Mycobacterium complex species to collect same such that the presence thereof in the sample can be detected. The invention further extends to a method of preparing biological material obtained from such collected sample.
A61B 10/00 - Instruments for taking body samples for diagnostic purposesOther methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. for vaccination diagnosis, sex determination or ovulation-period determinationThroat striking implements
A61K 39/04 - Mycobacterium, e.g. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
21.
PRODUCTION OF A CARBONACEOUS FEEDSTOCK MATERIAL FROM A WASTE CARBON SOURCE
The present invention relates to a process for the production of a carbonaceous feedstock material from waste containing carbon sources. The present invention further relates to the use of the carbonaceous feedstock material in gasification processes whereby hazardous emissions of greenhouse gases and sulphur are significantly minimized and reaction rates are greatly enhanced. According to a first aspect thereof, there is provided a process for producing a carbonaceous feedstock material from waste containing carbon sources, the process including the steps consisting of: (i) introducing a source of biochar to a source of discard coal fines to form a bio-coal mixture; (ii) introducing a catalyst additive selected from the group consisting of a source of an alkali metal or a source of an alkaline earth metal to the bio-coal mixture; (iii) optionally, contacting the bio-coal mixture with a binder; and (iv) compacting the resulting mixture of step (ii) or (iii) to form one or more carbonaceous feedstock briquettes, the size of said briquettes having a dimension of at least 5 mm.
An ignition plug 10 comprises an elongate cylindrical body 12 of an electrically insulating material having a first end 12.1, a second end 12.2 opposite to the first end and a first face 14 at the first end. A first elongate electrode 16 having a first end 16.1 and a second end 16.2 extends longitudinally in the body. The first electrode terminates at the first end thereof a first distance d1 from the first end of the body in a direction towards the second end of the body. The body hence defines a blind bore 18 extending between the first end of the first electrode and the first end of the body. A second electrode is provided on an outer surface of the body and terminates at one of a) flush with the first face 14 of the body and b) a second distance d2 from the first end of the body in a direction towards the second end of the bod.
An ignition system (10) comprises a high voltage transformer (12) comprising a primary winding (12.1) and a secondary winding (12.2). A primary resonant circuit (26) is formed by the primary winding (12.1) and a primary circuit capacitance (24). A secondary resonant circuit (16) is formed by an ignition plug (14), as a load, the secondary winding (12.2); the ignition plug (14) being represented by a secondary circuit capacitance (18) and a secondary circuit load resistance (Rp) put in parallel. Said load resistance value varies during an ignition cycle.The primary resonant circuit (26) and the secondary resonant circuit (16) have a common mode resonance frequency (fc) and a differential mode resonance frequency (fd). A controller (28) is configured to cause a drive circuit (22) to drive the primary winding at a frequency, which is either the common-mode resonance frequency (fc) or the differential mode resonance frequency (fd) and is connected to a feed-back circuit (50) to adapt the frequency of the primary winding to the variable load resistance.
THE SOUTH AFRICAN NUCLEAR ENERGY CORPORATION LIMITED (South Africa)
NORTH-WEST UNIVERSITY (South Africa)
Inventor
Grobler, Anne Frederica
Zeevaart, Jan Rijn
Abstract
This invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for parenteral or oral administration containing a radioactive compound which can be used diagnostically or therapeutically. The composition comprises a micro- emulsion constituted by a dispersion of vesicles or microsponges of a fatty acid based component in an aqueous or other pharmacologically acceptable carrier in which nitrous oxide is dissolved, the fatty acid based component comprising at least one long chain fatty acid based substance selected from the group consisting of free fatty acids and derivatives of free fatty acids, and the radioactive compound.
A vehicle overload monitoring system (100) is provided which includes a plurality of control stations (106) situated along a road transportation corridor. Each control station (106) has a unique identifier associated therewith and includes at least one vehicle weighing mechanism (108), at least one electronic identification mechanism (110) for identifying a vehicle (112) passing therethrough and a communications module for communicating with other control stations (106) along the corridor. Each control station (106) is configured to receive, by way of the communications module, weight measurement data and vehicle identifiers gathered by one or more other control stations (106) along the road transportation corridor, and to associate the received information with the unique identifiers of the control stations (106) by which they were gathered. The control station (106) may then at least partially utilize the associated information to determine whether a vehicle (112) passing through the control station (106) should be weighed by way of the vehicle weighing mechanism (108).
G01G 19/02 - Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in groups for weighing wheeled or rolling bodies, e.g. vehicles
G01G 23/01 - Testing or calibrating of weighing apparatus
G01G 23/37 - Indicating the weight by electrical means, e.g. using photoelectric cells involving digital counting
G01G 23/42 - Recording or coding devices specially adapted for weighing apparatus electrically operated
The present invention relates to a process for the partial oxidation of unagglomerated chromite ore and to the use of the claimed process in currently applied ferrochromium production processes. According to a first aspect thereof, the present invention provides a process for the partial oxidation of chromite. The said process includes the steps consisting of: (i) providing a source of unagglomerated chromite ore; (ii) subjecting the source of unagglomerated chromite ore to pre-oxidation at a temperature of 700" C to 1 100°C, both values inclusive; (iii) controlling the above-mentioned pre-oxidation temperature such that maximum migration of iron (Fe) to the surface of the chromite ore particles takes place and minimum Cr203 formation takes place; and (iv) forming a pre-oxidized source of unagglomerated chromite ore wherein maximum migration of iron (Fe) to the surface of the chromite ore particles takes place, as well as minimum Cr203 formation takes place. The present invention further provides for the use of the product prepared in accordance with the foregoing process.
The present invention relates to a process for the partial oxidation of unagglomerated chromite ore and to the use of the claimed process in currently applied ferrochromium production processes. According to a first aspect thereof, the present invention provides a process for the partial oxidation of chromite. The said process includes the steps consisting of: (i) providing a source of unagglomerated chromite ore; (ii) subjecting the source of unagglomerated chromite ore to pre-oxidation at a temperature of 700" C to 1 100°C, both values inclusive; (iii) controlling the above-mentioned pre-oxidation temperature such that maximum migration of iron (Fe) to the surface of the chromite ore particles takes place and minimum Cr203 formation takes place; and (iv) forming a pre-oxidized source of unagglomerated chromite ore wherein maximum migration of iron (Fe) to the surface of the chromite ore particles takes place, as well as minimum Cr203 formation takes place. The present invention further provides for the use of the product prepared in accordance with the foregoing process.
A continuous solids/fluid contacting process and equipment are provided in which appropriate solids are contacted with a fluid that is selected from a liquid, a gas and a combination thereof, under elevated pressure and optionally elevated or reduced temperature. The solids have properties that enable them to be compacted into a generally impervious plug that is formed one in the inlet to a reaction zone and one in an outlet. The plugs are formed at positions where the flights of the screw of an extruder have been modified to form a plug in an inlet to the reaction zone and in an outlet from the reaction zone so that a high pressure extraction or reaction is possible between the inlet and outlet. The arrangement allows for the progressive movement of solids past the modified flights. Fluid is introduced into the reaction zone and withdrawn from the reaction zone at selected positions.
A switched mode drive circuit 10 comprises a first switch 14 having a first terminal 14.1 and a second terminal 14.2, a second switch 16 having a first terminal 16.1 and a second terminal 16.2, an inductive component 20 comprising at least a first winding part 20.1 having a first end 20.1.1 and a second end 20.1.2 and a second winding part 20.2 having a first end 20.2.1 and a second end 20.2.2 and an energy storage device 18 having a first pole 18.1 and a second pole 18.2. The first and second terminals of each of the first and second switches and the first and second ends of each of the first and second winding parts are connected in series over the first and second poles of the energy storage device and the first and second winding parts are configured in one of a common mode and a differential mode.
H02M 3/337 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
30.
Plant support formulation, vehicle for the delivery and translocation of phytologically beneficial substances and compositions containing same
A plant supporting formulation which is also suitable for use as a delivery vehicle, or a component of a delivery vehicle, for the delivery of one or more phytologically beneficial substances to a plant, and for enhancing the translocation of such delivered substance(s) in or on the plant, the formulation comprising a micro-emulsion constituted by a dispersion of vesicles or microsponges of a fatty acid based component in an aqueous carrier, the fatty acid based component comprising at least one long chain fatty acid based substance selected from the group consisting of free fatty acids and derivatives of free fatty acids. The dispersion is preferably characterized in that at least 50% of the vesicles or microsponges are of a diametrical size of between 50 nm and 5 micrometer. The dispersion is further also characterized in that the micro-emulsion has a zeta potential of between −25 mV and −60 mV.
The invention provides for a method of enhancing immunological responses to an antigen in a vaccine formulation, and for a vaccine formulation that provides for an enhanced immunological response to an antigen. In the method and formulation the antigen is administered with an adjuvant which adjuvant comprises a solution of nitrous oxide gas in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier solvent for the gas and which adjuvant includes at least one fatty acid or ester or other suitable derivative thereof selected from the group consisting of oleic acid, linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid [C20: 5ω3], decosahexaenoic acid [C22: 6ω3], ricinoleic acid and derivatives thereof selected from the group consisting of the C1 to C6 alkyl esters thereof, the glycerol-polyethylene glycol esters thereof and the reaction product of hydrogenated natural oils composed largely of ricinoleic acid based oils, such as castor oil with ethylene oxide.
A system for reducing interference drag on an aircraft 40 during flight comprises an air intake opening 42 defined in the aircraft in a region of a wing-root 28 of the aircraft. The air intake opening is preferably provided in the fuselage 12 and extends at least in part from the wing- root 28 of the aircraft in a direction towards an upstream end 16 of the aircraft.
This invention pertains to a method of preparing biological material from a biological sample selected from the group consisting of blood and sputum samples. The method includes the step of altering at least one constitutive characteristic of the biological sample in the presence of a capturing scaffold by adding a lysis buffer containing a solubilising agent and a detergent to the biological sample, for simultaneously inhibiting coagulation of the biological sample; lysing the biological sample to release the biological material from the biological sample, thus making the biological material available; and capturing at least one fraction of the biological material on the capturing scaffold.
The present invention relates to a method for the selective separation and recovery of metal solutes from an acidic aqueous solution by solvent extraction techniques. The present invention further relates to the selective separation and recovery of hafnium and zirconium metal solutes; of niobium and tantalum metal solutes; and of the platinum group metal (hereinafter referred to as "PGM") solutes from solution by the use of membrane based solvent extraction. According to one aspect thereof, the present invention provides a method for the selective separation and recovery of hafnium and zirconium metal solutes from an acidic aqueous solution, the method including the steps of: a) providing an acidic aqueous solution, the acidic aqueous solution including a source of at least two metal solutes wherein the at least two metal solutes are selected from the group consisting of hafnium and zirconium; b) contacting an organic medium with an aqueous stripping solution to form a water-in-oil emulsion; c) introducing the water-in-oil emulsion to a lumen side of a hollow fiber membrane contactor; d) introducing the acidic aqueous solution to a shell side of the hollow fiber membrane contactor; e) allowing one or more metal solutes to be transferred from the acidic aqueous solution to the water-in-oil emulsion; f) recovering a first metal solute from the water-in-oil emulsion; g) optionally, repeating any one or more of the steps described herein above where the recovery of a second and/or further metal solute is required; and h) optionally, repeating any one or more of the said steps where the purity of the first, second and/or further metal solute is desired to be improved. The present invention further provides for hafnium and zirconium metal solutes; of niobium and tantalum metal solutes; and of the platinum group metal solutes, recovered by the method of the present invention, substantially as described herein.
This invention relates to a method of distinguishing between different pathogens in a biological sample (both specific and non-specific) in a reference system, including the steps of obtaining a biological sample containing at least one pathogen, extracting at least one group of carbon based compounds having a relatively low molecular weight, from at least one pathogen in the sample using at least one extraction solvent, analysing the extracted group of carbon based compounds to prepare a data matrix comprising a set of values representing the relative concentrations of the said biomarker compounds in the sample; and applying a discriminant models to predict the pathogen strain membership within a specific group of pathogens and calculate the Mahalanobis distance measure of the patient obtained biological sample using only the selected biomarkers compounds.
This invention relates to a method of producing a recombinant enzyme, more particularly, this invention relates to a method of producing water soluble enzymatically active recombinant glycine N-acyltransferase (GLYAT (E.G. 2.1.3.13)), including the steps of providing a suitable expression host; preparing a vector including a gene for expressing GLYAT in the expression host to form an expression piasmid; transforming the host with the expression piasmid to form an expression system; expressing the GLYAT gene in the expression system; and separating the expressed GLYAT from the expression system.
The present invention relates to a novel synthesis method for acyl-pantetheine derivatives. The present invention further relates to the use of said synthesized acyl-pantetheine derivatives as a starting material in the enzymatic synthesis of acyl-coenzyme A derivatives. According to a first aspect thereof, the present invention provides a method for the synthesis of acyl-pantetheine derivatives, the method including the steps of: a) providing a source of pantetheine; b) providing a source of acyl ester; and c) contacting the source of pantetheine with the source of acyl ester to form the corresponding acyl-pantetheine derivative, having the general formula (I), wherein R is an acyl group.The present invention also provides a method for the synthesis of acyl-coenzyme A derivatives as well as the use of a source of pantetheine and a source of acyl ester in the preparation steps of these two methods.
This invention relates to a composition formulated into a parenteral or injectable dosage form for the treatment of cancer, more particularly, this invention relates to a composition formulated into a parenteral dosage form suitable for administration in and around cancerous tissue, the composition including: a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent including from 20% to 100% ethanol (V/V); and a reverse transcriptase inhibitor exhibiting an anti-cancer effect, dissolved in the solvent.
A61K 31/551 - Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole having two nitrogens as ring hetero atoms, e.g. clozapine, dilazep
A61K 31/7072 - Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom containing condensed or non-condensed pyrimidines having oxo groups directly attached to the pyrimidine ring, e.g. cytidine, cytidylic acid having two oxo groups directly attached to the pyrimidine ring, e.g. uridine, uridylic acid, thymidine, zidovudine
A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
This invention relates to a macrolide composition, more particularly an amorphous form (Form-III) of 3R, 4S, 5S, 6R, 7R, 9R, 11S, 12R, 13S, 14R-6- [(2S, 3R, 4S, 6R)-4-dimethylamino-3- hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-14- ethyl-7, 12, 13-trihydroxy-4-[(2R, 4R, 5S, 6S)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4, 6- dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxy-10- (2-methoxyethoxymethoxyimino) -3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13- hexamethyl-1-oxacyclotetradecan- 2-one or roxithromycin characterised by the absence of peaks in the infra-red spectrum of amorphous (Form-Ill) of roxithromycin at 3577.15; 3526.03; 3465.27 and 3276.24 cm-1 relative to the infra-red spectrum of the prior art roxithromycin raw material displaying peaks at 3577.15; 3526.03; 3465.27 and 3276.24 cm-1 and further characterised by an increased solubility of at least 50% over prior art anhydrous and monohydrated roxithromycin in acetate buffer (pH 4.5), phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) and water.
A61K 31/7048 - Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin
C07H 17/08 - Hetero rings containing eight or more ring members, e.g. erythromycins
A glider 10 comprises a body 12, a closed cockpit 18 and an air extractor 22 for extracting air from the cockpit. The extractor is mounted on the body in a region of negative pressure relative to general ambient or atmospheric pressure, in use. The extractor comprises a body 24 defining an inlet 28, which is in airflow communication with the cockpit 18, an outlet 32 and a flow passage 34 extending between the inlet and the outlet. An airflow conditioning arrangement 38 is mounted in the passage.
The invention relates to a metastable unsolvated crystalline form (Form- IV) of nevirapine, having at least one characteristic x-ray powder diffraction peak at approximately 7.1 ° to 7.5° two theta. The invention further relates to a preparation method of producing a particulate anhydrous unsolvated form of nevirapine.
The invention relates to an amorphous non-crystalline glass form (Form-ll) of 3R, 4S, 5S, 6R, 7R, 9R, 11S, 12R, 13S, 14R-6-[(2S, 3R, 4S, 6R)-4- dimethylamino-3- hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-14- ethyl-7, 12, 13- trihydroxy-4-[(2R, 4R, 5S, 6S)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4, 6-dimethyloxan-2- yl]oxy-10-(2-methoxyethoxymethoxyimino)-3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13-hexamethyl- 1-oxacyclotetradecan- 2-one or roxithromycin having at least one characteristic infra-red spectrum peak at approximately 3580 to 3464 cm-1. The invention further relates to a preparation method of increasing the solubility of roxithromycin including the steps of selecting anhydrous roxithromycin or monohydrated roxithromycin; elevating the temperature of the roxithromycin to above the melting point thereof; and reducing the temperature of the melt sufficiently to allow it to set into an amorphous non-crystalline glass form (Form-ll) of roxithromycin having relatively increased solubility without decreasing the stability of thereof.
The invention relates to an amorphous non-crystalline glass form (2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R) -2-ethyl-3,4, 10- trihydroxy- 3,5,6,8,10,12,14- heptamethyl-15-oxo- 11- {[3,4,6- trideoxy-3- (dimethylamino) -β-D-xylo- hexopyranosyl]oxy}-1-oxa- 6- azacyclopentadec-13-yl 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-α-L-ribo- hexopyranoside or azithromycin having an infra-red pattern displaying characteristic relatively broad peaks at approximately 3500 and 1727 cm-1 and characteristic peaks at approximately 2970 and 2938 cm-1. The invention further relates to a preparation method of increasing the solubility of azithromycin including the steps of selecting anhydrous, monohydrated or dihydrated azithromycin; elevating the temperature of the azithromycin to above the melting point thereof; and reducing the temperature of the melt sufficiently to allow it to set into an amorphous non-crystalline glass form (Form-ll) of azithromycin having relatively increased solubility without decreasing the structural stability thereof.
A method of protecting a synchronous machine (10) connected to an electricity network (12) against pole-slip comprises the steps of continuously monitoring a power transfer angle (δ) between an electromotive force (EMF) of the machine and a reference voltage Vref. In the event of a fault (24) on the electricity network which may result in pole-slip of the machine (10), deriving a representation of power transfer (P) relating to the machine against the power transfer angle (δ) utilizing data relating to a value of a current or a voltage measured on a terminal (26) of the machine before the fault has occurred and computed data relating to an expected future value of a current or voltage on the terminal (26), after the fault has occurred. The method then utilizes the representation and a stability criterion to predict whether the machine (10) may become unstable and if instability is predicted, causes the machine (10) to be disconnected at 32 or 34 from the electricity network (12).
H02P 9/30 - Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
H02P 9/00 - Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
H02P 25/02 - Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
H02P 9/10 - Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
H02P 29/02 - Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
45.
POLYMORPHS OF NEVIRAPINE AND METHOD FOR INCREASING THE SOLUBILITY OF A TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR COMPOSITION
The invention provides a method for increasing the solubility of nevirapine, including the steps of rendering nevirapine in a gaseous phase; and rendering the gaseous phase in a relatively more soluble solid particulate form. The invention further provides for a crystalline Form-VI (36) of nevirapine having an X-ray diffraction pattern of (2-theta values in degrees) 9.2953, 1 1.2023, 12.7019, 12.9796, 13.5273, 15.4670, 17.2597, 19.1038, 19.7267, 21.1303, 22.9381, 25.5589, 26.4913, 27.2150, 27.7283, 29.7134, and 33.8343 degrees two theta. The invention further provides for the preparation of microspherical and/or nanospherical Form-V (34) and crystalline Form-VI (36) of nevirapine as well as novel dosage forms including parenteral-, inhalant-, transdermal- and oral dosage forms.
The transformer (10) comprises a core (12), a primary winding (14) and a secondary winding 16. The core comprises an elongate limb (13) having a main axis (15) and comprising a plurality of segments (12.1 to 12. n) of a magnetic material and gaps (18.1 to 18.n-1) between segments arranged in alternating relationship along the main axis (15). The main axis (15) is parallel to a direction of a magnetic field in the limb (13). Each gap has a linear segment separating extent (gj which is parallel to the main axis (15). The value of n is larger than three and the gaps are filled with an isolation medium (20).
This invention relates to prodrugs based on artemisinin and to a method of manufacturing such prodrugs. The prodrugs of artemisinin according to the invention have the general structure A-B-M wherein A is a dihydroartemisinin moiety; B is a linking group; and M is a moiety selected from the group consisting of moieties derived from anti-malarial drugs other than artemisinin, in particular quinoline derivatives, and moieties derived from amine compounds. The invention further relates to the use of such prodrugs in the prevention and treatment of malaria and in the manufacture of a medicament for use in such treatment. This invention also relates to the oral and transdermal application of such prodrugs.
A61K 47/48 - Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers, inert additives the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer drug conjugates
A61K 31/357 - Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having two or more oxygen atoms in the same ring, e.g. crown ethers, guanadrel
A61K 31/4706 - 4-Aminoquinolines8-Aminoquinolines, e.g. chloroquine, primaquine
THE SOUTH AFRICAN NUCLEAR ENERGY CORPORATION LIMITED (South Africa)
NORTH-WEST UNIVERSITY (South Africa)
Inventor
Nel, Johannes, Theodorus
Van Der Walt, Izak, Jacobus
Grunenberg, Alfred, Teo
Bruinsma, Odolphus, Simon, Leo
Le Roux, Marco
Krieg, Henning, Manfred
Marx, Sanette
Abstract
A process for recovering a gaseous component comprising at least one fluorine-containing compound from a mixture of gaseous compounds. The process includes, in a separation zone (12), bringing a mixture of gaseous constituents, including at least one fluorine-containing constituent, into contact with a gas permeable separating medium (16) comprising a polymeric compound, so that a first gaseous component comprising at least one fluorine-containing constituent is separated from a second gaseous component comprising the balance of the gaseous constituents. The first gaseous component is withdrawn from the separation zone as a permeate (34) or a retentate, while the second gaseous component is withdrawn from the separation zone as the retentate (26), when the first gaseous component is withdrawn as the permeate, and as the permeate, when the first gaseous component is withdrawn as the retentate.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
B01D 71/42 - Polymers of nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile
49.
ELECTROLYSIS CELL COMPRISING SULFUR DIOXIDE-DEPOLARIZED ANODE AND METHOD OF USING THE SAME IN HYDROGEN GENERATION
Electrolysis cell and method of using the same in hydrogen generation. According to one embodiment, the electrolysis cell includes a frame having an interior. A proton exchange membrane (PEM) is disposed within the frame to divide the interior into two chambers. An anode in the form of a gas diffusion electrode is disposed within the interior of the frame and is spaced apart from the PEM, the space between the anode and the PEM being filled with an aqueous sulfuric acid. A cathode is disposed within the interior of the frame and is ionically coupled to the PEM. In use, gaseous sulfur dioxide is delivered to the side of the anode facing away from the sulfuric acid solution, and a current is supplied to the electrolysis cell. Consequently, sulfur dioxide is oxidized at the anode, and molecular hydrogen is generated at the cathode.
A distributed low noise amplifier (DLNA) (10) comprises at least a first amplifier part 30.1 providing a first path 36.1 form an input (14) of the amplifier to an output (22) of the amplifier and a second amplifier part 30.2 providing a second path 36.2 from the input (14) to the output (22). Each of the first and second paths being associated with a respective and different change in phase. The difference being larger than (30) degrees in a noise suppression band to cause a phase difference between noise generated by the amplifier arrangement propagating along the first and second paths and destructive interference of the noise before the output (22) of the DLNA, thereby to suppress noise in the noise suppression band. The respective gains of the amplifier parts 30.1 to 30. n may decrease in a direction from the input (14) of the amplifier (10) to the output (22) thereof.
The invention provides a formulation for the administration of al least one therapeutic mammalian protein to a mammal or a protein selected from the group, and for enhancing the absorption, distribution and release of the at least one therapeutic mammalian protein in or on the mammal, the formulation consisting of at least one therapeutic mammalian protein in a micro-emulsion which micro-emulsion is constituted by a dispersion of vesicles or microsponges of a fatty acid based component in an aqueous or other pharmacologically acceptable carrier in which nitrous oxide is dissolved, the fatty acid based component comprising at least one long chain fatty acid based substance selected from the group consisting of free fatty acids and derivatives of free fatty acids. I further provides a method of the effective delivery of at least one therapeutic mammalian protein to mammal and for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of such at least one therapeutic mammalian protein, th method comprising the step of administering the at least one therapeutic mammalian protein to the mammal in such a formulation. consisting of insulin, parathyroid hormone, parathyroid-like hormone, glucagon, insulinotrophic hormone, vasopressin and hormones involved in the reproductive system, chemotactins; cytokines including interleukins 1,2 and RA but excluding the interferons; chemokines; enzymes including proteases and protease inhibitors; growth factors including acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors, epidermal growth factor, tumor necrosis factors, platelet derived growth factor, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor, neurite growth factor and insulin-like growth factor-1, hormones including the gonadotrophins and somatomedians, immunoglobulins, lipid-binding proteins and soluble CD4, urokinase, streptokinase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, L-asparaginase, pepsin, uricase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase, carboxypeptidase, lactase, sucrase. ciliary neurite transforming factor (CNTF), clotting factor VIII, erythropoletin, thrombopoletin, insulintropin, cholecystokinin, glucagon-like peptide I, intrinsic factor, Ob gene product, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), brain-derived neurite factor, phenylalanine transporter, brush border enzymes and transporters.
A61K 38/17 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from animalsPeptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from humans
A61K 47/12 - Carboxylic acidsSalts or anhydrides thereof
A61K 47/14 - Esters of carboxylic acids, e.g. fatty acid monoglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides, parabens or PEG fatty acid esters
A61K 31/201 - Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to an acyclic chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. stearic, palmitic or arachidic acid having one or two double bonds, e.g. oleic or linoleic acid
A monitoring system for monitoring the heart activity of an athlete while being active, comprises a base station (12) comprising a wireless transceiver (20) connected to a computing device (14). At least one relay station RS#1 to RS#4 is locatable in the region of an activity area (22). Mounted on the body of the athlete (24.1 to 24.n) is a monitoring apparatus (30) for monitoring an electrical signal relating to the heart activity of the athlete. A wireless communications link comprising a first channel (f1) enables communications of data relating to the signal monitored between the at least one relay station and the base station. A second channel (f2) enables communications of the data between the monitoring apparatus on the athlete and the at least one relay station. The computing device is configured to process the data and user selectively to output the heart rate and/or an ECG of the athlete.
An ignition system (10) comprises a spark plug (12) having a first end (14) defining a spark gap (16) between a first electrode (18) and a second electrode (20). A transformer (46) comprising a primary winding 44 and a secondary winding (50) also forms part of the system. The secondary winding is connected in a secondary circuit to the first electrode 18 and the secondary winding has a resistance of less than 1k俑 and an inductance of less than 0.25H. A drive circuit (26) is connected to the primary winding.
F02D 35/02 - Non-electrical control of engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
54.
COMPOSITION IN THE FORM OF A MICROEMULSION CONTAINING FREE FATTY ACIDS AND/OR FREE FATTY ACID DERIVATIVES
The invention provides a plant supporting formulation which is also suitable for use as a delivery vehicle, or a component of a delivery vehicle, for the delivery of one or more phytologically beneficial substances to a plant, and for enhancing the translocation of such delivered substance(s) in or on the plant, the formulation comprising a micro-emulsion constituted by a dispersion of vesicles or microsponges of a fatty acid based component in an aqueous carrier, the fatty acid based component comprising at least one long chain fatty acid based substance selected from the group consisting of free fatty acids and derivatives of free fatty acids The dispersion is preferably characterized in that at least 50% of the vesicles or microsponges are of a diametrical size of between 50 nm and 5 micrometers. The dispersion is further also characterized in that the micro-emulsion has a zeta potential of between -25 mV and -60 mV.
The invention provides a plant supporting formulation which is also suitable for use as a delivery vehicle, or a component of a delivery vehicle, for the delivery of one or more phytologically beneficial substances to a plant, and for enhancing the translocation of such delivered substance(s) in or on the plant, the formulation comprising a micro-emulsion constituted by a dispersion of vesicles or microsponges of a fatty acid based component in an aqueous carrier, the fatty acid based component comprising at least one long chain fatty acid based substance selected from the group consisting of free fatty acids and derivatives of free fatty acids The dispersion is preferably characterized in that at least 50% of the vesicles or microsponges are of a diametrical size of between 50 nm and 5 micrometers. The dispersion is further also characterized in that the micro-emulsion has a zeta potential of between -25 mV and -60 mV.
This invention relates to a method and system (10) for controlling the boundary layer of an airfoil (12) to reduce profile drag during flap deflection. The system (10) comprises first means for blowing air from a lower surface (14) of the airfoil (12) to trip airflow from laminar flow to turbulent flow during positive flap deflection; and second means for applying a suction force at the lower surface (14) of the airfoil (12) to preserve laminar flow during negative flap deflection.
This invention relates to a supplement, the use thereof and method for supplementing the concentration of free cellular L-proline in an organism, for restricting dehydration of such an organism, the supplement comprising an effective amount of free L-proline. The supplement is effective in reducing the levels of free radicals in organisms experiencing water stress. This invention further relates to a method of treating dehydration in humans and animals including the step of administering to an individual in need thereof an effective amount of a supplement according to the third aspect of the invention. An effective amount of free L-proline is typically between 20 and 1000 mg, preferably 100 mg free L-proline per kilogram body mass of the organism, three times a day.
This invention relates to the use of free L-proline in the preparation of a supplement, and to a supplement so prepared, as well as a method using such a supplement for supplementing the concentration of cellular free L-proline in abalone and for restricting the dehydration of abalone. The supplement is further effective in reducing the levels of free radicals in abalone experiencing water stress and hypoxic stress. The invention further relates to a method of restricting the dehydration of abalone during storage and transportation including the step of administering to abalone an effective amount of free L-proline.
patents
