A method for controlling data transmission within a telecommunications network involves providing interconnections to both a core network and to at least one user device via a base station. A configurable network is defined interconnecting the at least one core network and the base station. A first network slice is selected responsive to use of the configurable network by a first application. A second network slice is selected responsive to use of the configurable network by a second application. Data transmission are provided between the core network and the base station over the configurable network based on the selected first or second network slice.
H04B 1/00 - Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
H04L 41/0806 - Configuration setting for initial configuration or provisioning, e.g. plug-and-play
H04L 41/0816 - Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings the condition being an adaptation, e.g. in response to network events
H04L 41/0893 - Assignment of logical groups to network elements
H04L 41/5006 - Creating or negotiating SLA contracts, guarantees or penalties
H04L 67/10 - Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
2.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR COMBINING MIMO AND MODE-DIVISION MULTIPLEXING
A communications system includes a maximum ratio combining (MRC) circuit for receiving a plurality of data streams and processing the plurality of input data streams using maximum ration combining to improve signal to noise ratio. A MIMO transmitter transmits the MRC processed plurality of data streams over a plurality of separate communications links from the MIMO transmitter. Each of the plurality of separate communications links from one transmitting antenna of a plurality of transmitting antennas to each of a plurality of receiving antennas at a MIMO receiver. The MIMO transmitter transmits the MRC processed plurality of data streams using a channel matrix of an impulse response of a channel. The channel matrix is created using a pilot signal transmitted on a pilot channel.
A system for enabling signal penetration into a building includes a transceiver located on an exterior of the building for receiving signals at a first frequency transmitted from a source outside of the building. An optical bridge receives the signals at the first frequency that experiences losses when penetrating an exterior surface of the building, converts the received signals at the first frequency into a first format that overcome losses caused by penetrating an exterior surface of the building and transmits the signals through the exterior surface of the building. A WiFi transceiver located on the interior of the building and connected to the optical bridge converts between the signals in the first format and WiFi signals and for transmitting the WiFi signals to the interior of the building and receiving the WiFi signals from the interior of the building.
A transceiver for providing full-duplex communications includes a multilevel patch antenna array having a first patch antenna array for transmitting the first carrier signal on the first channel including a first plurality of patch antennas thereon and a second patch antenna array for receiving the second carrier signal on the second channel including a second plurality of patch antennas thereon. Transmitter circuitry associated with the first patch antenna array transmits first signals having a first orthogonal function applied thereto on a first channel on a first frequency band. Receiver circuitry associated with the second patch antenna array receives remotely transmitted second signals on a second channel on the first frequency band having a second orthogonal function applied thereto and the first signals transmitted from the first patch antenna array having the first orthogonal function applied thereto on the first channel on the first frequency band at a same time on the first frequency band. The receiver circuitry only processes received signals including the second orthogonal function. The first orthogonal function applied to the first signals transmitted from the first antenna array and the second orthogonal function applied to the second signals prevents interference between the first signals and the second signals that are being simultaneously transmitted and received on the first frequency band at the multilevel patch antenna array.
A system for transmitting millimeter wave signals comprising at least one repeater for communicating with a plurality of remote locations over millimeter wave communications links. The at least one repeater further comprises orbital angular momentum (OAM) processing circuitry for applying a selected orbital angular momentum to transmitted signals. The selected orbital angular momentum limits interference between the transmitted signals and the received signals at the at least one repeater. Full-duplex transmission circuitry processes the transmitted signals and the received signals received over the millimeter wave communications links using full-duplex communications with the plurality of remote locations. The at least one repeater relays the millimeter wave signals between at least a first millimeter wave transceiver at a first one of the plurality of remote locations and a second millimeter wave transceiver at a second one of the plurality of remote locations.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
6.
Hybrid digital-analog MMWAVE repeater/relay with full duplex
A system for transmitting millimeter wave signals includes at least one repeater for communicating with a plurality of remote locations over millimeter wave communications links. The at least one repeater further includes multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transmission circuitry for transmitting signals and receiving signals over the millimeter wave communications links to the plurality of remote locations. The at least one repeater further includes full-duplex transmission circuitry for processing the transmitted signals and the received signals over the millimeter wave communications links using full-duplex communications with the plurality of remote locations. The at least one repeater relays the millimeter wave signals between at least a first millimeter wave transceiver at a first one of the plurality of remote locations and a second millimeter wave transceiver at a second one of the plurality of remote locations.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
7.
SDR-based massive MIMO with v-RAN cloud architecture and SDN-based network slicing
A method for controlling data transmission within a telecommunications network involves providing interconnections to both a core network and to at least one user device via a base station. A configurable network is defined interconnecting the at least one core network and the base station. A first network slice is selected responsive to use of the configurable network by a first application. A second network slice is selected responsive to use of the configurable network by a second application. Data transmission are provided between the core network and the base station over the configurable network based on the selected first or second network slice.
H04L 12/28 - Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
H04L 41/0806 - Configuration setting for initial configuration or provisioning, e.g. plug-and-play
H04L 41/0816 - Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings the condition being an adaptation, e.g. in response to network events
H04L 67/10 - Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
H04B 1/00 - Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
A communications system comprises a maximum ratio combining (MRC) circuit for receiving a plurality of input data streams and for processing the plurality of input data streams using maximum ration combining to improve signal to noise ratio. A MIMO transmitter transmits the MRC processed carrier signal over a plurality of separate communications links from the MIMO transmitter, each of the plurality of separate communications links from one transmitting antenna of a plurality of transmitting antennas to each of a plurality of receiving antennas at a MIMO receiver.
A communications system has a transmitter circuit for transmitting a communications signal. The transmitter receives a plurality of input data streams and applies an orthogonal function to each of the plurality of input data streams. The transmitter groups the input streams having the orthogonal function applied thereto into a plurality of groups. The orthogonal functions applied to the plurality of input data streams do not repeat within the plurality of groups to limit interference between the input data streams within the group. The transmitter applies a different wavelength to each of the plurality of groups input data streams. The different wavelengths limit interference between the plurality of groups of input data streams. The transmitter applies a positive polarization and a negative polarization to each of the plurality of groups of input data having a different wavelength applied thereto. The positive and the negative polarizations are applied to a pair of groups having a same wavelength applied thereto limit interference between the pair of groups. The transmitter transmits the plurality of input of data streams over a plurality of channels on a communications link as the communications signal. Each of the plurality of channels has a unique combination of orthogonal function, wavelength and polarization associated therewith.
A system for providing a residential IP network includes a plurality of transceiver circuitries, each associated with a building, for transmitting signals to/from the associated building. An optical network unit transmits and receives signals at a first frequency with an optical network. A remote unit integrated with the optical network unit converts the received signals at the first frequency into a first format that overcome losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building over a wireless communications link and transmits the signals in the first format using beam forming and beam steering to provide the wireless signals to at least one of the plurality of transceiver circuitries. Each of the plurality of transceiver circuitries further includes first circuitry, located on an exterior of the building, for transmitting and receiving the signals in the first format. A first antenna associated with the first circuitry for transmits the signals in the first format into the interior of the building via a wireless communications link and receives signals from the interior of the building in the first format via the wireless communications link. Second circuitry, located on the interior of the building and communicatively linked with the first circuitry via the wireless communications link, receives and transmits the converted received signals in the first format that counteracts the losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building from/to the first circuitry. A second antenna associated with the second circuitry transmits the signals in the first format to the exterior of the building via the wireless communications link and receives signals from the exterior of the building in the first format via the wireless communications link.
A system for sterilizing biological material comprising beam generation circuitry for generating a radiating wave having radiating energy therein at a predetermined frequency therein. A controller controls the radiating wave generation at the predetermined frequency. The predetermined frequency equals a resonance frequency of a particular biological material and is determined responsive to a plurality of parameters from an influenza virus. The predetermined frequency induces a mechanical resonance vibration at the resonance frequency of the particular biological material within the particular biological material for destroying a capsid of the particular biological material. Radiating circuitry projects the radiating wave on a predetermined location to destroy the particular biological material at the predetermined location.
A system for sterilizing viruses includes beam generation circuitry for generating a radiating wave having radiating energy therein at a predetermined frequency therein. A controller controls the radiating wave generation at the predetermined frequency. The predetermined frequency equals a resonance frequency of a particular virus. The predetermined frequency induces a mechanical resonance vibration at the resonance frequency of the particular virus within the particular virus for destroying a capsid of the particular virus. Radiating circuitry projects the radiating wave on a predetermined location to destroy the particular virus at the predetermined location.
A repeater for transmitting millimeter wave signals. A transceiver communicates with a plurality of remote locations over millimeter wave communications links. The of transceiver comprises a patch antenna array including a plurality of patch antennas. The plurality of patch antennas include a transmitter array portion in a first orientation for transmitting signals and a receiver array portion in a second orientation for receiving signals. The receiver array portion is vertically separated from the transmitter array portion by a predetermined distance. The first and second orientations and the predetermined distance vertically separating the transmitter array portion from the receiver array portion limit interference between the transmitted signals and the received signals. Transceiver circuitry transmits the millimeter wave signals with at least a first millimeter wave transceiver at first one of the plurality of remote locations and a second millimeter wave transceiver at a second one of the plurality of remote locations.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
14.
A MINIATURIZED DEVICE TO STERILIZE SURFACES FROM COVID-19 AND OTHER VIRUSES
A system for sterilizing viruses includes beam generation circuitry for generating a radiating wave having radiating energy therein at a predetermined frequency therein. A controller controls the radiating wave generation at the predetermined frequency. The predetermined frequency equals a resonance frequency of a particular virus. The predetermined frequency induces a mechanical resonance vibration at the resonance frequency of the particular virus within the particular virus for destroying a capsid of the particular virus. Radiating circuitry projects the radiating wave on a predetermined location to destroy the particular virus at the predetermined location.
n. The first signals on the first channel are transmitted on the first frequency band on the first frequency band at a same time the second signals on the second channel are received on the first frequency band on the first frequency band.
A method for sterilizing viruses comprises generating a beam having radiating energy therein at a predetermined frequency for generating mechanical eigen-vibrations in a spherical virus to destroy the spherical virus and a predetermined cartesian beam intensity for imparting transverse shear forces to an icosahedral lattice structure of the spherical virus to destroy the icosahedral lattice structure of the spherical virus using beam generation circuitry. A resonance frequency of the spherical virus for inducing the mechanical eigen-vibrations in the spherical virus is determined based upon a size, geometry, and protein material of the spherical virus using a predetermined three-dimensional acoustical model of mechanical vibrations within the spherical virus. The beam generation at the predetermined frequency and the predetermined cartesian beam intensity is controlled using a controller responsive to the determined resonance frequency. The predetermined frequency equals the resonance frequency of the spherical virus. The beam on is radiated a predetermined area to destroy the spherical virus at the predetermined area using radiating circuitry. The mechanical eigen-vibrations at the resonance frequency of the spherical virus determined by the predetermined three-dimensional acoustical model are induced within the spherical virus to destroy the spherical virus responsive to the predetermined frequency. The transverse shear forces are imparted to the icosahedral lattice structure of the spherical virus to destroy the icosahedral lattice structure of the spherical virus.
A system for transmitting millimeter wave signals includes a plurality of transceivers for communicating with a plurality of remote locations over millimeter wave communications links. Each of the plurality of transceivers further includes a patch antenna array having a plurality of patch antennas. The plurality of patch antennas includes a transmitter array portion in a first orientation for transmitting signals and a receiver array portion in a second orientation for receiving signals. The first and second orientations limit interference between the transmitted signals and the received signals. Baseband processing circuitry converts between millimeter wave and baseband signals. The plurality of transceivers relays the millimeter wave signals between at least a first millimeter wave transceiver at first one of the plurality of remote locations and a second millimeter wave transceiver at a second one of the plurality of remote locations.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
18.
Universal quantum computer, communication, QKD security and quantum networks using OAM Qu-dits with digital light processing
A quantum computing system comprises an input port for receiving a modulated data stream comprising a plurality of bits. Orbital angular momentum processing circuitry receives the modulated data stream and applying at least one of at least three orbital angular momentum function modes to each of the plurality of bits of the modulated data stream to generate a qudit. The qudit comprises a quantum unit of information having any of d states where d has a value of at least 3. Each of the at least three orbital angular momentum function modes comprise separate orbital angular momentum states that are orthogonal to each other. A MicroElectroMechanical system (MEMS) circuitry associated with the orbital angular momentum processing circuitry generates a hologram for applying the at least one of the at least three orbital angular momentum function modes to each of the plurality of bits of the modulated data stream to generate the qudit. At least one quantum gate receives each of the qudits via at least one gate input and generates a quantum circuit output via at least one gate output responsive thereto. An output port for outputs the generated quantum circuit output.
G06E 3/00 - Devices not provided for in group , e.g. for processing analogue or hybrid data
19.
Multi-photon, multi-dimensional hyper-entanglement using higher-order radix qudits with applications to quantum computing, QKD and quantum teleportation
A system for use with quantum system comprises a light source for generating a first light beam, wherein the first light beam is modulated by a data stream. Entanglement circuitry receives the first light beam from the light source and generates at least two second light beams responsive to the first light beam. The at least two second light beams are entangled. Multistate photon processing circuitry processes each of the at least two second light beams to apply n-states to photons within the at least two light beams and create hyperentangled qudits, where n is greater than 2.
A method comprises first generating a plane wave light beam. At least one orbital angular momentum is applied to the plane wave light beam to generate and OAM light beam. Transitions of electrons between quantized states within a semiconductor material are controlled responsive to the at least one orbital angular momentum applied to the plane wave light beam. The OAM light beam is transmitted at the semiconductor material to induce the transitions of the electrons between the quantize states within the semiconductor material.
G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
G06N 10/00 - Quantum computing, i.e. information processing based on quantum-mechanical phenomena
G11C 13/04 - Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups , , or using optical elements
H01L 49/00 - Solid state devices not provided for in groups and and not provided for in any other subclass; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof
A system for sterilizing biological material comprising beam generation circuitry for generating a radiating wave having radiating energy therein at a predetermined frequency therein. A controller controls the radiating wave generation at the predetermined frequency. The predetermined frequency equals a resonance frequency of a particular biological material and is determined responsive to a plurality of parameters from an influenza virus. The predetermined frequency induces a mechanical resonance vibration at the resonance frequency of the particular biological material within the particular biological material for destroying a capsid of the particular biological material. Radiating circuitry projects the radiating wave on a predetermined location to destroy the particular biological material at the predetermined location.
A backhaul system comprises a small cell mesh network including a plurality of small cell mesh network backhaul nodes providing a backhaul network to provide an interconnection between at least one first network node for providing access to a core network and at least one second network node for providing access to an edge network. The small cell mesh network comprises a self-organized network (SON). At least one transmitter at each of the plurality of small cell mesh network backhaul nodes establishes communication links with other small cell mesh network backhaul nodes within the small cell mesh network providing the backhaul network. A controller for controlling communication link configuration by the at least one transmitter between the plurality of small cell mesh network backhaul nodes of the small cell mesh network providing the backhaul network. The controller is further configured to implement the self-organized network (SON) that reconfigure new communications links responsive to a broken communications link within the small cell mesh network providing the backhaul network. The communication link configurations are established by the controller using WiGig standards and a MAC layer configured to transmit on a wireless link of the backhaul network.
A system enabling signal penetration into a building comprising first circuitry, located on an exterior of the building, for transmitting and receiving signals at a first frequency that experience losses when penetrating into an interior of the building, converting the received signals at the first frequency into a first format that overcome losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building over a wireless communications link and converting received signals in the first format into the signals in the first frequency. A first antenna associated with the first circuitry transmits the signals in the first format into the interior of the building via a wireless communications link and receives signals from the interior of the building in the first format via the wireless communications link. First power circuitry provides system power to each of the first circuitry and the first antenna responsive to a provided power signal. Second circuitry, located on the interior of the building and communicatively linked with the first circuitry via the wireless communications link, for receives and transmits the converted received signals in the first format that counteracts the losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building from/to the first circuitry. A second antenna associated with the second circuitry transmits the signals in the first format to the exterior of the building via the wireless communications link and for receives signals from the exterior of the building in the first format via the wireless communications link. Second power circuitry provides system power to each of the second circuitry and the second antenna responsive to a generated power signal. First wireless power transmission circuitry located on the interior of the building generates a wireless power signal for transmission to the exterior of the building over a wireless power link responsive to the provided power signal. Second wireless power transmission circuitry located on the exterior of the building receives the wireless power signal over the wireless power link and generates the generated power signal responsive to the wireless power signal.
A system for identifying a target object includes a database containing a plurality of unique combinations of a plurality of orbital angular momentum modes. Each of the unique combinations of the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes is associated with a particular type of target object. A signal generator generates a signal having one of a plurality of orbital angular momentum modes applied thereto and directs the signal toward the target object. A transceiver transmits the signal toward the target object and receives a second signal having a unique combination of a plurality of orbital angular momentum modes reflected from the target object. A detection system compares the second signal having the unique combination of the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes with the plurality of unique combinations of the plurality of unique orbital angular unique combination of a plurality of orbital angular momentum modes within the database, identifies the target object responsive to the comparison of the second signal having the unique combination of the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes with the plurality of unique combinations of the plurality of unique orbital angular unique combination of a plurality of orbital angular momentum modes within the database and provides an output identifying the target object.
A system for transmitting signals includes Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) processing circuitry for receiving a plurality of input signals and applying a different orbital angular momentum to each of the plurality of input signals for transmission to a second location. Electromagnetic knot processing circuitry receives a plurality of OAM processed signals from the OAM processing circuitry and applies an electromagnetic knot to each of the received OAM processed signal before transmission to the second location. Multiplexing circuitry multiplexes the plurality of OAM/electromagnetic knot processed signals into a single multiplexed OAM/electromagnetic knot processed signal. A first signal degradation caused by environmental factors of the OAM/electromagnetic knot processed signal is improved over a second signal degradation caused by the environmental factors of a signal not including the electromagnetic knot. A transmitter transmits the single multiplexed OAM/electromagnetic knot processed signal to the second location.
H01Q 7/00 - Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
A telecommunications network comprises at least one core network interface for providing interconnection to a core network. At least one base station interface provides communications to at least one user device. At least one server defines a configurable network interconnecting the at least one core network interface and the base station. The configurable network comprises a cloud based virtual radio access network (VRAN). The at least one server defines logically independent network slicing for the configurable network that selects a first network slice responsive to use of the configurable network by a first application and selects a second network slice responsive to use of the configurable network by a second application. The at least one server implements the VRAN in a first configuration responsive to use of the first application by the configurable network and a second configuration responsive to use of the second application by the configurable network. At least one transceiver associated with the at least one base station interface for provides massive MIMO communications between the at least one server and the at least one user device.
H04L 67/10 - Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
H04L 41/0816 - Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings the condition being an adaptation, e.g. in response to network events
H04L 41/0806 - Configuration setting for initial configuration or provisioning, e.g. plug-and-play
H04B 1/00 - Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
A method for predicting future behavior for a dynamic system using an artificial intelligence system implemented within a computer hardware system. A predetermined amount of a time series group of data from the dynamic system defining previous behavior of the dynamic system are received at the artificial intelligence system. An attractor is constructed from the time series group of data that defines the previous behavior of the dynamic system using the artificial intelligence system. The attractor models the previous behavior of the dynamic system based on the predetermined amount of the time series group of data of the dynamic system. A prediction horizon for the predetermined amount of the time series group of data is determined with the artificial intelligence system using an attractor dimension of the constructed attractor and a Lyapunov exponent of the constructed attractor. The prediction horizon increases logarithmically as a length of the predetermined amount of the time series group of data from the dynamic system increases linearly. Prediction values of future behavior of the dynamic system are generated with the artificial intelligence system using the constructed attractor and the determined prediction horizon.
A system for enabling signal penetration into a building includes an antenna located on a roof of a building for receiving signals at a first frequency that experience losses when penetrating into an interior of the building from a remote base station. First circuitry, located on an outside of the building, receives the signals at the first frequency that experiences losses when penetrating into the interior of the building and converts the received signals at the first frequency into a first format that overcome losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building over a wireless communications link. The first circuitry is connected to the antenna via an Ethernet cable that transmits both electrical power and data. Power on Ethernet (POE) circuitry powers the antenna responsive to electrical power received via the Ethernet cable. Second circuitry is located on the interior of the building and communicatively links with the first circuitry via the wireless communications link, to receive and transmit the converted received signals in the first format that counteracts the losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building.
A system for providing small cell backhaul network communications includes a small cell backhaul network including a plurality of small cell network nodes each including transceivers for establishing wireless communication links with at least two other small cell network nodes and enabling communication with the at least two other small cell network nodes within the small cell backhaul network. The small cell backhaul network interconnecting an edge network with a core network through the plurality of small cell network nodes and enabling communication between the edge network and the core network over the wireless communications links. A software defined network (SDN) controller controls wireless communications links with each of the plurality of small cell network nodes. The transceivers at each of the plurality of small cell network nodes establish link configurations between the small cell network node and the at least two other small cell network nodes of the small cell backhaul network. A plurality of LTE interfaces, each associated with one of the small cell network nodes of the small cell backhaul network for provide control plane connectivity between the small cell network nodes and the SDN controller via a control channel and reduce SDN control latency.
A system for applying orbital angular momentum (OAM) to electrons of a semiconductor material comprises a light source generator for generating a plane wave light beam. Orbital angular momentum (OAM) processing circuitry applies at least one orbital angular momentum to the plan wave light beam to generate an OAM light beam. The OAM processing circuitry controls transitions of electrons between quantized states within the semiconductor material to perform quantum entanglement within the semiconductor material responsive to the at least one orbital angular momentum applied to the plane wave light beam. A transmitter transmits the OAM light beam at the semiconductor material to induce the transitions of the electrons between the quantize states and perform the quantum entanglement within the semiconductor material.
G06N 10/00 - Quantum computing, i.e. information processing based on quantum-mechanical phenomena
H01L 49/00 - Solid state devices not provided for in groups and and not provided for in any other subclass; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
A system for sterilizing viruses includes beam generation circuitry for generating a radiating wave having radiating energy therein at a predetermined frequency therein. A controller controls the radiating wave generation at the predetermined frequency. The predetermined frequency equals a resonance frequency of a particular virus. The predetermined frequency induces a mechanical resonance vibration at the resonance frequency of the particular virus within the particular virus for destroying a capsid of the particular virus. Radiating circuitry projects the radiating wave on a predetermined location to destroy the particular virus at the predetermined location.
A system for generating a blockchain including an input for receiving a plurality of groups of data. Blockchain processing circuitry generates the blockchain for the plurality of groups of data. The blockchain processing circuitry generates the blockchain by performing a first hash using the first group of data and a first nonce as an input to a hash function to generate a first digital signature for a first block, wherein the hash function uses encryption based on quantum key distribution and orbital angular momentum. The blockchain processing circuitry establishes the first block of the blockchain using the first group of data, the first nonce and the first digital signature. The blockchain processing circuitry performs a second hash using the second group of data, a second nonce and the first digital signature as an input to the hash function to generate a second digital signature for the second block, wherein the hash function uses encryption based on the quantum key distribution and the orbital angular momentum. The circuitry establishes the second block of the blockchain using the second group of data, the second nonce, the first digital signature and the second digital signature.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
H04L 9/06 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for blockwise coding, e.g. D.E.S. systems
A system for managing control of signal penetration into a building includes an exterior RF transmission unit located on an outside of the building, for transceiving signals at a first frequency that experiences losses when penetrating a structure of the building on a first RF communications link from an exterior base station and converting between the received signals at the first frequency and second signals in a first format that overcome losses caused by penetrating the structure of the building over a wireless communications link. An interior RF transmission unit located on the interior of the building and communicatively linked with the exterior RF transmission unit via the wireless communications link, receives and transmits the converted second signals in the first format that counteracts the losses caused by penetrating the structure of the building. A management control system configures operating parameters of the exterior RF transmission unit and the interior RF transmission unit within a system configuration controller. At least one interface enables user access to the management control system.
H04W 76/27 - Transitions between radio resource control [RRC] states
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
A system for enabling signal penetration into a building includes first circuitry, located on an exterior of the building, for transmitting and receiving signals at a first frequency that experience losses when penetrating into an interior of the building, converting the received signals at the first frequency into a first format that overcome losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building over a wireless communications link and converting received signals in the first format into the signals in the first frequency. The first circuitry receives the signals at the first frequency that are transmitted to the first circuitry using beam forming and beam steering. A first antenna associated with the first circuitry transmits the signals in the first format into the interior of the building via a wireless communications link and receives signals from the interior of the building in the first format via the wireless communications link. Second circuitry, located on the interior of the building and communicatively linked with the first circuitry via the wireless communications link, receives and transmits the converted received signals in the first format that counteracts the losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building from/to the first circuitry. A second antenna associated with the second circuitry transmits the signals in the first format to the exterior of the building via the wireless communications link and receives signals from the exterior of the building in the first format via the wireless communications link.
A system for generating a blockchain comprises first circuitry for receiving a first group of data. Blockchain processing circuitry generates a blockchain for a plurality of groups of data. The blockchain processing circuitry generates the blockchain by generating a first nonce for a first block of the blockchain. The blockchain processing circuitry performs a first hash using the first group of data and the first nonce as an input to a hash function to generate a first digital signature for the first block as an output. The hash function uses encryption based on quantum key distribution using N-state qudits where N is greater than 2. The block chain processing circuitry receives a second group of data and generates a second nonce for a second block of the blockchain. A second hash is performed using the second group of data, the second nonce and the first digital signature to generate a second digital signature for the second block as an output. The hash function uses encryption based on the quantum key distribution using N-state qudits where N is greater than 2.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
H04L 9/06 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for blockwise coding, e.g. D.E.S. systems
36.
Topological features and time-bandwidth signature of heart signals as biomarkers to detect deterioration of a heart
A system monitors an individual for conditions indicating a possibility of occurrence of irregular heart events. A database includes a plurality of combinations of at least a first signature and a second signature. A first portion of the plurality of combinations is associated with a normal heartbeat and a second portion of the plurality of combinations is associated with an irregular heart event. A wearable heart monitor that is worn on a body of the patient includes a heart sensor for generating a heart signal responsive to monitoring a beating of a heart of the individual. The monitor further includes a processor for receiving the heart signal from the heart sensor. The processor is configured to analyze the heart signal using a plurality of different processes. Each of the plurality of different processes generates at least one of the first signature and the second signature. The plurality of different processes provide a unique combination including at least the first signature and the second signature for the generated heart signal. The processor compares the unique combination with the plurality of combinations in the database, locates a combination of the plurality of combinations that substantially matches the unique combination and generates a first indication if the unique combination substantially matches one of the first portion of the plurality of combinations and a second indication if the unique combination substantially matches one of the second portion of the plurality of combinations.
A communications system comprises a maximum ratio combining (MRC) circuit for receiving a plurality of input data streams and for processing the plurality of input data streams using maximum ration combining to improve signal to noise ratio. A MIMO transmitter transmits the MRC processed carrier signal over a plurality of separate communications links from the MIMO transmitter, each of the plurality of separate communications links from one transmitting antenna of a plurality of transmitting antennas to each of a plurality of receiving antennas at a MIMO receiver.
A system for transmitting signals includes processing circuitry for receiving at least one input signal for transmission from the processing circuitry to a second location. Electromagnetic knot processing circuitry receives processed signals from the first processing circuitry and applies an electromagnetic knot to the received processed signal before transmission to the second location. A first signal degradation caused by environmental factors of the electromagnetic knot processed signal is improved over a second signal degradation caused by the environmental factors of a non-electromagnetic knot processed signal.
H01Q 7/00 - Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
G06N 10/00 - Quantum computing, i.e. information processing based on quantum-mechanical phenomena
39.
RE-GENERATION AND RE-TRANSMISSION OF MILLIMETER WAVES FOR BUILDING PENETRATION USING DONGLE TRANSCEIVERS
A system for enabling signal penetration into a building comprises first circuitry, located on an outside of the building, for receiving RF signals and converting the RF signals into a format that overcomes losses caused by penetrating a structure of the building over a wireless communications link. The first circuitry further comprises a first transceiver dongle including a signal processing chipset for converting the received RF signals to the format that overcomes the losses occurring when the signals penetrate the structure of the building. Second circuitry, located on the interior of the building, receives the signals in the format that overcomes the losses caused by penetrating the structure of the building over the wireless communications link and converts the signals to a second format for transmission to the wireless devices within the building. The second circuitry further comprises a second transceiver dongle including the signal processing chipset for converting the received signals in the format that overcomes the losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building into the second format.
A method comprises first generating a plane wave light beam. At least one orbital angular momentum is applied to the plane wave light beam to generate and OAM light beam. Transitions of electrons between quantized states within a semiconductor material are controlled responsive to the at least one orbital angular momentum applied to the plane wave light beam. The OAM light beam is transmitted at the semiconductor material to induce the transitions of the electrons between the quantize states within the semiconductor material.
G06N 10/00 - Quantum computing, i.e. information processing based on quantum-mechanical phenomena
H01L 49/00 - Solid state devices not provided for in groups and and not provided for in any other subclass; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
A transceiver dongle enables signal penetration into a building. The transceiver dongle includes an interface for connecting the transceiver dongle with a processing circuit that provides a received RF signal. A signal processing chipset converts the received RF signals to a format that overcomes losses occurring when the RF signals penetrate a structure of the building over a wireless communications link. Transceiver circuitry converts between the RF signals and signals in the format that overcomes losses occurring when the RF signals penetrate the structure of the building as controlled by the signal processing chipset. An antenna transmits and receives the signals in the format that overcomes losses from the transceiver circuitry between the transceiver dongle and a second transceiver dongle.
A quantum computing system includes an input port for receiving a data stream comprising a plurality of bits. Orbital angular momentum processing circuitry receives the data stream and applies at least one of a plurality of orbital angular momentum function modes to each of the plurality of bits of the data stream. Each of the plurality of orbital angular momentum function modes comprises separate orbital angular momentum states that are orthogonal to each other. DLP processing circuitry associated with the orbital angular momentum processing circuitry generates a hologram for applying the at least one of the plurality of orbital angular momentum function modes to each of the plurality of bits of the data stream. At least one quantum gate receives each of the of the plurality of bits of the data stream having at least one of the plurality of orbital angular momentum functions applied thereto via at least one gate input and generates a quantum circuit output via at least one gate output responsive thereto. An output port outputs the generated quantum circuit output.
A system for providing full-duplex communications comprises a first transceiver for simultaneously transmitting first signals having a first orthogonal function applied thereto on a first channel and simultaneously receiving second signals having a second orthogonal function applied thereto at a same time. A second transceiver simultaneously receives the first signals having the first orthogonal function applied thereto on the first channel and simultaneously transmits the second signals having the second orthogonal function applied thereto at the same time. Application of the first orthogonal function to the first signals and application of the second orthogonal function to the second signals prevents interference between the first signals and the second signals.
An apparatus for detecting material within a sample includes a light emitting unit for directing at least one light beam through the sample. The at least one light beam has a unique signature combination associated therewith responsive to passing through the sample. A Raman spectroscopic unit receives the at least one light beam that has passed through the sample and performs a Raman spectroscopic analysis to detect a first signature associated with the sample. An infrared spectroscopic unit receives the at least one light beam that has passed through the sample and performs an infrared spectroscopic analysis to detect a second signature associated with the sample. A database includes a plurality of unique combinations of the first signature and the second signature. Each of the plurality of unique combinations of the first signature and the second signature are associated with a particular material. A processor detects the material within the sample responsive to a comparison of a unique combination of the first signature and the second signature detected by the Raman spectroscopic unit and the infrared spectroscopic unit with the plurality of unique combinations of first signature and second signature within the database and determines a matching unique combination of the first signature and the second signature within the database, wherein identification of the unique combination of the first signature and the second signature enables detection of the material not detectable using either the first signature or the second signature alone.
G01N 21/3581 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using far infrared lightInvestigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using Terahertz radiation
G01N 33/483 - Physical analysis of biological material
G01N 21/63 - Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
45.
Unified cloud-based core network supporting multiple private cbrs networks of multiple operators with network slicing
A unified core network provides core network services to a number of telecommunications network operators. The unified core is partitioned into a number of slices with each slice being the core network for a network operator. Each network operator is then free to define services within its own partition to serve its own users. In this manner, the network operators are freed from building and maintaining a core network while simultaneously enjoying the benefit of having a core network.
H04M 15/00 - Arrangements for metering, time-control or time-indication
H04B 1/00 - Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
A system for providing small cell backhaul communications includes a small cell backhaul network including a plurality of small cell network nodes each including transceivers enabling communication with at least two other small cell network nodes. A software defined network (SDN) controller controls the transceivers at each of the plurality of small cell network nodes to establish link configurations between the plurality of small cell network nodes of the small cell backhaul network. The SDN controller implements an optimizer module for managing operation the small cell backhaul network. The optimizer module uses an OpenFlow protocol to gather wireless and power consumption statistics.
A system includes mode division multiplexing (MDM) processing circuitry for applying an orbital angular momentum (OAM) to each of a first group of a plurality of input signals and multiplexing the OAM processed signals together. Second processing circuitry performs wavelength distribution multiplexing (WDM) on a second group of the plurality of input signals, wherein the WDM processed signals and the MDM processed signals are orthogonal to one another. Combining circuitry combines the WDM processed signals and the MDM processed signals. Polarization processing circuitry adds polarization to at least one of the WDM processed signals, and the MDM processed signals and a transmitter transmits the combine and polarized processed signal over a link.
A system for enabling signal penetration into a building comprising first circuitry, located on an exterior of the building, for receiving signals at a first frequency that experiences losses when penetrating into an interior of the building and converting the received signals at the first frequency into a first format that overcome losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building over a wireless communications link. A first patch antenna array associated with the first circuitry transmits the signals in the first format into the interior of the building via a wireless communications link and for receives signals from the interior of the building in the first format via the wireless communications link. Second circuitry, located on the interior of the building and communicatively linked with the first circuitry via the wireless communications link, receives and transmits the converted received signals in the first format that counteracts the losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building from/to the first circuitry. A second patch antenna array associated with the second circuitry transmits the signals in the first format to the exterior of the building via the wireless communications link and for receives signals from the exterior of the building in the first format via the wireless communications link.
A system for providing full-duplex communications includes a first transceiver for transmitting first signals having a first orthogonal function of a plurality of orthogonal functions applied thereto on a first channel and receiving second signals having a second orthogonal function of the plurality of orthogonal functions on a second channel at a same time. A second transceiver transmits the second signals having the second orthogonal function of the plurality of orthogonal functions on the second channel and receives the first signals having the first orthogonal function of the plurality of orthogonal functions on the first channel at the same time. The first channel having the first orthogonal function applied thereto and the second channel having the second orthogonal function applied thereto do not interfere with each other enabling full duplex transmissions between the first transceiver and the second transceiver.
A system for providing full-duplex communications includes a first transceiver for transmitting first signals having a first orthogonal function of a plurality of orthogonal functions applied thereto on a first channel and receiving second signals having a second orthogonal function of the plurality of orthogonal functions on a second channel at a same time. A second transceiver transmits the second signals having the second orthogonal function of the plurality of orthogonal functions on the second channel and receives the first signals having the first orthogonal function of the plurality of orthogonal functions on the first channel at the same time. The first channel having the first orthogonal function applied thereto and the second channel having the second orthogonal function applied thereto do not interfere with each other enabling full duplex transmissions between the first transceiver and the second transceiver.
A system for wirelessly transmitting data provides an input for receiving an input data stream. First modulation circuitry applies quantum level overlay (QLO) modulation to the input data stream to generate a QLO modulated data stream. Second modulation circuitry applies quantum level orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) modulation to the QLO modulated data stream to create an OTFS/QLO modulated data stream. A transmitter transmits the OTFS/QLO modulated data stream.
A communications system includes a plurality of transmitting units that each generate a pilot signal modulated using quantum level overlay modulation to apply at least one orthogonal function to the pilot signal and transmit the modulated pilot signal from the transmitting unit over a pilot channel. A base station unit including a MIMO receiver for receiving the pilot signals over the pilot channels from the plurality of transmitting units, demodulating the modulated pilot signals using the quantum level overlay modulation to remove the at least one orthogonal function from the pilot signals and outputting the demodulated pilot signal. The at least one orthogonal function applied to the pilot signals are orthogonal to each other and substantially reduces pilot channel contamination between the pilot channels.
A system for enabling signal penetration into a building includes a first transceiver, located on an outside of the building, for transmitting and receiving signals at a first frequency outside of the building, wherein the signals at the first frequency do not easily penetrate into an interior of the building. A first up/down converter converts between a first version of the signals at the first frequency and a second version of the signals at a second frequency. The first frequency is higher than the second frequency and the signals at the second frequency better penetrate to the interior of the building and overcome losses caused by penetrating into an interior of the building. A second up/down converter converts between the second version of the signals at the second frequency that overcomes the losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building and a third version of the signals after transmission from the building exterior to the building interior. A router transmits and receives the third version of the signals within the interior of the building.
A system for enabling signal penetration into a building comprises first circuitry, located on an outside of the building, for receiving RF signals and converting the RF signals into a format that overcomes losses caused by penetrating a structure of the building over a wireless communications link. The first circuitry further comprises a first transceiver dongle including a signal processing chipset for converting the received RF signals to the format that overcomes the losses occurring when the signals penetrate the structure of the building. Second circuitry, located on the interior of the building, receives the signals in the format that overcomes the losses caused by penetrating the structure of the building over the wireless communications link and converts the signals to a second format for transmission to the wireless devices within the building. The second circuitry further comprises a second transceiver dongle including the signal processing chipset for converting the received signals in the format that overcomes the losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building into the second format.
The present invention, as disclosed and described herein, in one aspect thereof comprises a preform for making a vortex optical fiber includes a glass cylinder formed substantially of silicone dioxide that defines a core portion along a longitudinal axis of the glass cylinder and a cladding portion surrounding the core portion. The glass cylinder further defines a plurality of holes running parallel to the longitudinal axis from a first end of the glass cylinder to a second end of the glass cylinder.
A system for focusing an orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexed beam comprising OAM signal processing circuitry for generating an OAM multiplexed signal. The OAM multiplexed signal includes a plurality of data streams each having a unique orbital angular momentum applied thereto and multiplexed together within the OAM multiplexed signal. Each unique orbital angular momentum has a beam helicity value greater than l=2. An antenna array control circuit controls transmission of the multiplexed OAM signal from each of a plurality of antennas in an antenna array toward a focus point located below the ground as a transmission beam to cause the transmitted OAM multiplexed signals to converge at the focus point below the ground at substantially a same time to overcome a divergence of the transmitted plurality of OAM multiplexed signals caused by the beam helicity value of greater than l=2 for each of the unique orbital angular momentum.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
A unified core network provides core network services to a number of telecommunications network operators. The unified core is partitioned into a number of slices with each slice being the core network for a network operator. Each network operator is then free to define services within its own partition to serve its own users. In this manner, the network operators are freed from building and maintaining a core network while simultaneously enjoying the benefit of having a core network.
H04M 15/00 - Arrangements for metering, time-control or time-indication
H04B 1/00 - Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
An apparatus for detecting a material within a sample includes a light emitting unit for directing at least one light beam through the sample. A plurality of units receive the light beam that has passed through the sample and performs a spectroscopic analysis of the sample based on the received light beam. Each of the plurality of units analyze a different parameter with respect to the sample and provide a separate output signal with respect to the analysis. A processor detects the material with respect each of the provided separate output signals.
G01N 33/483 - Physical analysis of biological material
G01N 21/3581 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using far infrared lightInvestigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using Terahertz radiation
G01N 21/63 - Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
G01N 33/68 - Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urineTesting involving biospecific ligand binding methodsImmunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
G01N 33/487 - Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
59.
Unified nonlinear modeling approach for machine learning and artificial intelligence (attractor assisted AI)
A system for predicting future behavior for a dynamic system comprises a processor configured to implement an artificial intelligence system implementing nonlinear modeling and forecasting processing for analyzing the dynamic system. The nonlinear modeling and forecasting processing configures the processor to generate a time series group of data from the dynamic system. The nonlinear modeling and forecasting processing further configures the processor to generate prediction values of future behavior of the dynamic system by using the nonlinear modeling and forecasting implemented on the artificial intelligence system on the time series group of data.
A system for providing small cell backhaul communication comprises a small cell backhaul network includes a plurality of small cell network nodes. At least one transceiver at each of the plurality of small cell network nodes establishes communication links with other small cell network nodes within the small cell backhaul network. A fast failover group table is located at each of the plurality of small cell network nodes. A software defined network controller controls communication link configuration by the at least one transceiver. The software defined network controller calculates for each of the communications links within the small cell backhaul network a primary link and at least one back-up link. The software defined network controller stores the calculated primary link and at least one back-up link in the fast failover group table of each of the plurality of small cell network nodes. Each of the plurality of small cell network nodes locally determining to establish the at least one back-up link responsive to a determination that the primary link is down and the stored at least one back-up link for an associated small cell network node.
A system for providing small cell backhaul communication includes a small cell backhaul network including a plurality of small cell network nodes. A software defined network (SDN) controller controls link configuration between the plurality of small cell network nodes of the small cell backhaul network. The SDN controller communicates control channel information with the plurality of small cell network nodes over a primary access license (PAL) control channel using a citizens broadband radio services (CBRS) band that enables software defined networking.
A system contains a light source for generating a plane wave light beam. A MicroElectroMechanical (MEM) system includes an array of micro-mirrors for generating a light beam having a plurality of orbital angular momentum modes multiplexed together within the light beam responsive to the plane wave light beam and control signals for controlling the array of micro-mirrors. A controller generates the control signals to dynamically control a position of each of a plurality of micro-mirrors of the array of micro-mirrors to apply the plurality of orbital angular momentum modes on to the light beam. The controller controls the position of the plurality of micro-mirrors to dynamically generate a plurality of holograms for dynamically applying the plurality orbital angular momentum modes to the plane wave light beam and to dynamically encode a phase and amplitude of the light beam responsive to the control signals.
G03H 1/26 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
G03H 1/22 - Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
63.
SDR-based massive MIMO with V-RAN cloud architecture and SDN-based network slicing
A telecommunications network comprises at least one core network interface for providing interconnection to a core network. At least one base station provides communications to at least one user device. At least one server defines a configurable network interconnecting at least one core network interface and the base station. The at least one server defines logically independent network slicing for the configurable network that selects a first network slice responsive to use of the configurable network by a first application and selects a second network slice responsive to use of the configurable network by a second application. The at least one server further provides a data center based cloud architecture to support the first network slice when the first application is selected and the second network slice when the second application is selected.
H04B 1/00 - Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
A backhaul network comprises at least two of a distribution point, a splitter, an amplifier, a coupler and an optical network for use within the backhaul network. Predetermined locations are selected for the at least two of the distribution point, the splitter, the amplifier, the coupler and the optical network within the backhaul network based upon a constrained optimization process that reduces cost and improves backhaul network reliability. Each of the at least two of the distribution point, the splitter, the amplifier, the coupler and the optical network are located at one of the predetermined locations from the constrained optimization process.
H04L 12/24 - Arrangements for maintenance or administration
H04B 10/2575 - Radio-over-fibre, e.g. radio frequency signal modulated onto an optical carrier
H04J 14/02 - Wavelength-division multiplex systems
H04W 24/02 - Arrangements for optimising operational condition
H04W 28/02 - Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
G06F 9/455 - EmulationInterpretationSoftware simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
H04J 3/16 - Time-division multiplex systems in which the time allocation to individual channels within a transmission cycle is variable, e.g. to accommodate varying complexity of signals, to vary number of channels transmitted
A private wireless network for providing connections between a public wireless network and wireless devices includes a first interface to the public wireless network and at least one second interface to the wireless devices. A wireless communications network interconnecting the first interface and the second interface implementing a MulteFire wireless communications standard includes a first plurality of control layers. The wireless communications network further comprises a plurality of nodes within a mesh network. A plurality of transceivers is associated with each of the plurality of nodes within the mesh network. Each of the transceivers implement a software defined radio that may be configured within a plurality of transceiving configurations. At least one server implements at least a portion of the wireless communications network within the at least one server. The at least one server is configured to select a first slice portion of the first plurality of control layers of the wireless communications network and a first slice portion of at least a portion of the plurality transceivers in a first transceiving configuration to support operation of a first application or service and to select a second slice portion of the first plurality of control layers of the wireless communications network and a second slice portion of at least the portion of the plurality transceivers in a second transceiving configuration to support operation of a second application or service.
H04B 1/00 - Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
A system for enabling signal penetration into a building includes a first transceiver, located on an outside of the building, for transmitting and receiving signals at a first frequency outside of the building, wherein the signals at the first frequency do not easily penetrate into an interior of the building. A first up/down converter converts between a first version of the signals at the first frequency and a second version of the signals at a second frequency. The first frequency is higher than the second frequency and the signals at the second frequency better penetrate to the interior of the building and overcome losses caused by penetrating into an interior of the building. A second up/down converter converts between the second version of the signals at the second frequency that overcomes the losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building and a third version of the signals after transmission from the building exterior to the building interior. A router transmits and receives the third version of the signals within the interior of the building.
A multi-level antenna array includes a plurality of patch antennas. Each layer of a plurality of layers is separated from other layers by a distance and support a portion of the plurality of patch antennas. Each of a plurality of connectors is associated with one of the plurality of layers for supplying a signal for transmission by the associated layer. A feed network on each of the plurality of layers provides a connection between a connector of the plurality of connectors associated with the layer and the portion of the plurality of patch antennas located on the layer. Each layer of the plurality of layers transmits the signal having a different orthogonal function applied thereto and multiplexes each of the signals having the different orthogonal function applied thereto onto a single transmission beam.
H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
H01Q 15/02 - Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
H01Q 19/15 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source being a line source, e.g. leaky waveguide antennas
H01Q 19/19 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
H01Q 21/28 - Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
H01Q 25/00 - Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
H01Q 15/16 - Reflecting surfacesEquivalent structures curved in two dimensions, e.g. paraboloidal
H01Q 3/26 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elementsArrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
A system and method for detecting glycation levels within hemoglobin generates a first correlation matrix using a first light beam at a first wavelength passing through a hemoglobin sample. A second correlation matrix is generated using a second light beam at a second wavelength passing through the hemoglobin sample. The first correlation matrix is multiplied by an inverse of the second correlation matrix to obtain a third matrix. A fourth matrix is generated by taking a singular value decomposition of the third matrix. The fourth matrix comprises a unique biomarker for a level of glycation within the hemoglobin sample. The level of glycation within the hemoglobin sample is determined responsive to the fourth matrix and an indicator identifying the determined level of glycation is output.
G01N 21/35 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
An apparatus for detecting a material within a sample includes a light emitting unit for directing at least one light beam through the sample. A plurality of units receive the light beam that has passed through the sample and performs a spectroscopic analysis of the sample based on the received light beam. Each of the plurality of units analyze a different parameter with respect to the sample a provide a separate output signal with respect to the analysis. A processor detects the material with respect each of the provided separate output signals.
G01N 21/3581 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using far infrared lightInvestigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using Terahertz radiation
G01N 33/483 - Physical analysis of biological material
70.
Re-generation and re-transmission of millimeter waves for building penetration
A system for enabling signal penetration into a building comprising a receiver located on an outside of the building for receiving millimeter wave signals. At least one frequency downconverter for downconverts the received millimeter wave signals to a frequency level that overcomes losses occurring when the millimeter wave signals are transmitted from the outside the building to an interior of the building. Transceiver circuitry transmits the downconverted millimeter wave signals from the outside the building to the interior of the building. At least one frequency upconverter upconverts the received downconverted millimeter wave signals from the frequency level that overcomes losses occurring when the millimeter wave signals are transmitted from the outside the building to the interior of the building. A second transceiver transmits the upconverted millimeter wave signal in a second format to wireless devices within the building.
A system for enabling signal penetration into a building includes first circuitry, located on an outside of the building, for receiving signals at a first frequency that experiences losses when penetrating into an interior of the building and converting the received signals at the first frequency into a first format that overcome the losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building over a wireless communications link. The first circuitry further includes a first transceiver, implementing a first transmission chipset for RF transmissions in the first format that counteracts losses occurring when penetrating into the interior of the building, for receiving the signals at the first frequency and converting the received signals at the first frequency into the first format that overcomes the losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building. Second circuitry, located on the interior of the building is communicatively linked with the first circuitry for receiving and transmitting the converted received signals in the first format. The second circuitry further includes a second transceiver, implementing the first transmission chipset, for receiving and transmitting the converted signals in the first format from/to the first transceiver on the exterior of the building.
H04W 88/04 - Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user
H04B 1/00 - Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
A communications system comprises first signal processing circuitry for receiving a plurality of input data streams and applying a different orthogonal function to each of the plurality of input data streams. Second signal processing circuitry processes each of the plurality of input data streams having the different orthogonal function applied thereto to multiplex a first group of the plurality of input data streams having a first group of orthogonal functions applied thereto onto a carrier signal and to multiplex a second group of the plurality of input data streams having a second group of orthogonal functions applied thereto onto the carrier signal. A MIMO transmitter transmits the carrier signal including the first group of the plurality of input data streams having the first group of orthogonal functions applied thereto and the second group of the plurality of input data streams having the second group of orthogonal functions applied thereto over a plurality of separate communications links. Each of the plurality of separate communications links go from one transmitting antenna of a plurality of transmitting antennas to each of a plurality of receiving antennas at a MIMO receiver.
A system for enabling signal penetration into a building includes first circuitry, located on an outside of the building, for receiving signals at a first frequency that experiences losses when penetrating into an interior of the building and converting the received signals at the first frequency into a first format that overcome the losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building over a wireless communications link. The first circuitry further includes a first transceiver, implementing a first transmission chipset for RF transmissions in the first format that counteracts losses occurring when penetrating into the interior of the building, for receiving the signals at the first frequency and converting the received signals at the first frequency into the first format that overcomes the losses caused by penetrating into the interior of the building. Second circuitry, located on the interior of the building is communicatively linked with the first circuitry for receiving and transmitting the converted received signals in the first format. The second circuitry further includes a second transceiver, implementing the first transmission chipset, for receiving and transmitting the converted signals in the first format from/to the first transceiver on the exterior of the building.
A system for transmitting pilot signals has first signal processing circuitry for generating a pilot signal at a transmitting unit. An MLO modulation circuit modulates the pilot signal using quantum level overlay modulation to apply at least one orthogonal function to the pilot signal. A transceiver transmits the modulated pilot signal from the transmitting unit over a pilot channel. The at least one orthogonal function applied to the pilot signal substantially reduces pilot channel contamination on the pilot channel from other pilot channels.
A system for providing a connection to at least one user device responsive to an application or service being used by the at least one user device includes a configurable network for providing a communications link with the at least one user device. The configurable network also includes a plurality of control layers. At least one server implements at least a portion of the configurable network within the at least one server. The at least one server is configured to select a first slice portion of the plurality of control layers of the configurable network to support operation of a first application or service and to select a second slice portion of the plurality of control layers of the configurable network to support operation of a second application or service.
H04B 1/00 - Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
A communications system comprises a small cell mesh network including a plurality of small cell network mesh nodes. At least one V-band transmitter at each of the plurality of small cell network mesh nodes establishes communication links with other small cell network mesh nodes within the small cell mesh network. A controller controls communication link configuration by the at least one V-band transmitter between the plurality of small cell network mesh nodes of the small cell mesh network. The link configurations are established by the controller using WiGig standards and a MAC layer configured to transmit on a wireless link.
A communications system comprises first circuitry for receiving and processing a plurality of data streams to associate with each of the plurality of data streams an orthogonal function to cause each of the plurality of data streams to be mutually orthogonal to each other on a link to enable transmission of each of the plurality of data streams on the link at a same time. First quantum key processing circuit generates a secret key for transmissions to second circuitry over the link using a quantum key generation process based on E91 protocol. The first quantum key processing circuit further encoding the plurality of data streams for transmission on the link using the generated secret key based on the E91 protocol. Third circuitry transmits the encoded plurality of data streams on the link.
An apparatus for detecting a material within a sample includes a light emitting unit for directing at least one light beam through the sample. A plurality of units receive the light beam that has passed through the sample and performs a spectroscopic analysis of the sample based on the received light beam. Each of the plurality of units analyze a different parameter with respect to the sample a provide a separate output signal with respect to the analysis. A processor detects the material with respect each of the provided separate output signals.
G01N 21/3581 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using far infrared lightInvestigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using Terahertz radiation
An apparatus that detects a material within a sample includes signal generation circuitry that generates a first light beam having at least one fractional orbital angular momentum applied thereto and applies the first light beam to the sample. The at least one fractional orbital angular momentum imparts a phase factor to the first light beam. The orbital angular momentum generation circuitry includes a spiral phase plate having fraction step height to impart the at least one angular momentum to the first light beam. A detector receives the first light beam after the first light beam passes through the sample and detects the material responsive to a detection of a predetermined phase factor within the first light beam received from the sample.
G01N 33/483 - Physical analysis of biological material
G01N 33/487 - Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
G01N 21/17 - Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
A61B 5/145 - Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value
A61B 5/1455 - Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
G01N 24/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects
80.
Method for muxing orthogonal modes using modal correlation matrices
A method for transmitting an orthogonal function processed signal over a communications link on a fiber involves generating at least one mode crosstalk matrix illustrating mode crosstalk between transmitted modes and adjacent modes within the fiber. Adjacent modes to be multiplexed together are selected based on entries within the generated mode crosstalk matrix being less than or equal to a predetermined value. The transmitted modes and the selected adjacent modes are multiplexed together into the orthogonal function processed signal for transmission on the communications link on the fiber.
A system for providing small cell backhaul communication includes a small cell backhaul network including a plurality of small cell network nodes. A software defined network (SDN) controller controls link configuration between the plurality of small cell network nodes of the small cell backhaul network. The SDN controller communicates control channel information with the plurality of small cell network backhaul nodes over a control channel using a communications protocol that enables software defined networking.
A system for providing small cell backhaul communication includes a small cell backhaul network including a plurality of small cell network nodes. At least one mmWave transceiver at each of the plurality of small cell network nodes establishes communication links with other small cell network nodes within the small cell backhaul network. A software defined network (SDN) controller for controls communication link configuration by the at least one mmWave transceiver between the plurality of small cell network backhaul nodes of the small cell backhaul network. The link configurations are established by the SDN controller using mmWave communications.
A system provides a connection between a core network and at least one user device responsive to an application or service being used by the at least one user device. The system includes a dynamically configurable network including a plurality of control layers for connecting the core network and the at least one user device. At least one server implements the dynamically configurable network. The at least one server is configured to select a first slice portion of the plurality of control layers of the dynamically configurable network to support operation of a first application or service and to select a second slice portion of the plurality of control layers of the configurable network to support operation of a second application or service.
H04B 1/00 - Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
An apparatus for measuring a concentration of amyloid-beta within a chiral solution includes signal generation circuitry for generating a first signal having an applied first orbital angular momentum signature and applying the first signal to the chiral solution. A detector for receiving the first signal after the first signal passes through the chiral solution and determining the concentration of amyloid-beta within the chiral solution based on a detected second orbital angular momentum signature received from the chiral solution that comprises an amplitude measurement and a phase measurement.
A system for enabling signal penetration into a building includes first circuitry, located on an outside of the building, that receives millimeter wave signals and converting the millimeter wave signals into a format that penetrates into an interior of a building for reception by wireless devices within the building. Second circuitry, located on an inside of the building and communicatively linked with the first circuitry, receives the millimeter wave signals in the format that penetrates into an interior of the building and converts the millimeter wave signals in the format to a second format for transmission to the wireless devices within the building.
An apparatus for identifying a material within a sample comprising signal generation circuitry generates a first signal including a first orbital angular momentum (OAM) signature and applies the first signal to the sample. A detector receives the first signal after the first signal passes through the sample and identifies the material within the sample based on a detected second orbital angular momentum caused by an interaction of the first signal with chiral molecules within the sample.
G01N 21/17 - Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
A61B 5/1455 - Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
G01N 33/483 - Physical analysis of biological material
A61B 5/145 - Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value
G01N 33/487 - Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
G01N 24/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects
A method for transmitting a plurality of input streams from a transmitter to a receiver processes each of a plurality of input data streams to generate a plurality of parallel pairs of data streams including an in-phase stream (I) and a quadrature-phase stream (Q) for each of the plurality of input data streams. Each of the plurality of parallel pairs of data streams are modulated with a selected one of at least three prolate spheroidal wave functions, respectively, to generate a plurality of data signals, each of the plurality of data signals associated with one of the plurality of parallel pairs of data streams. A plurality of composite data streams are generated by overlaying at least one data signal of the plurality of data signals in a first data layer with the at least one data signal of the plurality of data signals in a second data layer. The plurality of composite data streams are processed to associate with each of the plurality of composite data streams an orthogonal function to cause each of the plurality of composite data streams to be mutually orthogonal to each other on the link to enable transmission of each of the plurality of the composite data streams on the link at a same time.
A system for transmission of optical data signals has first optical processing circuitry for receiving a plurality of digital signals and applying at least one of a Hermite-Gaussian function, a Laguerre-Gaussian function or an Ince-Gaussian function to each of the received plurality of digital signals. The first optical processing circuitry also combines each of the at least one of the Hermite-Gaussian function, the Laguerre-Gaussian function or the Ince-Gaussian function applied plurality of digital signals into a single carrier signal. An optical transmitter transmits the single carrier signal. An optical receiver receives the transmitted single carrier signal. Second optical processing circuitry separates the at least one of the Hermite-Gaussian function, the Laguerre-Gaussian function or the Ince-Gaussian function applied digital signals of the single carries signal into separate signals and removes the at least one of the Hermite-Gaussian function, the Laguerre-Gaussian function or the Ince-Gaussian function applied to each of the plurality of digital signals. An elliptical core fiber transmits the single carrier signal from the optical transmitter to the optical receiver. The elliptical core fiber includes an elliptical core have a major axis and a minor axis.
An apparatus for identifying a concentration of a specific material within a first material includes an input for receiving a signal after the signal passes through the first material. The signal has at least one orthogonal function therein and the at least one orthogonal function comprises at least one of an orbital angular momentum function or a Laguerre-Gaussian function. A detector detects the at least one orthogonal function within the signal, determines the concentration of the specific material within the first material based upon the detected at least one orthogonal function and generates an indication responsive to the determination. An output provides for an output of the generated indication.
A multi-level antenna array includes a plurality of patch antennas. Each layer of a plurality of layers is separated from other layers by a distance and support a portion of the plurality of patch antennas. Each of a plurality of connectors is associated with one of the plurality of layers for supplying a signal for transmission by the associated layer. A feed network on each of the plurality of layers provides a connection between a connector of the plurality of connectors associated with the layer and the portion of the plurality of patch antennas located on the layer. Each layer of the plurality of layers transmits the signal having a different orthogonal function applied thereto and multiplexes each of the signals having the different orthogonal function applied thereto onto a single transmission beam.
A system includes first signal processing circuitry to transmit a signal including a plurality of data streams over a link. The first signal processing circuitry generates a plurality of composite data streams by overlaying at least one first data signal of the plurality of data signals in a first data layer with at least one second data signal of the plurality of data signals in a second data layer. Second circuitry processes the plurality of composite data streams to associate with each of the plurality of composite data streams a function to provide minimization of a time-bandwidth product of the plurality of composite data streams to enable transmission of each of the plurality of composite data streams on the link at a same time.
A system for enabling signal penetration into a building includes first circuitry, located on an outside of the building, that receives millimeter wave signals and converting the millimeter wave signals into a format that penetrates into an interior of a building for reception by wireless devices within the building. Second circuitry, located on an inside of the building and communicatively linked with the first circuitry, receives the millimeter wave signals in the format that penetrates into an interior of the building and converts the millimeter wave signals in the format to a second format for transmission to the wireless devices within the building.
H04B 1/50 - Circuits using different frequencies for the two directions of communication
H04B 1/54 - Circuits using the same frequency for two directions of communication
H04B 5/00 - Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
H04B 7/04 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
H04W 88/04 - Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user
H01S 5/183 - Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
93.
System and method using OAM spectroscopy leveraging fractional orbital angular momentum as signature to detect materials
An apparatus detects a material within a sample using signal generation circuitry that generates an orbital angular momentum (OAM) twisted light beam having at least one orbital angular momentum applied thereto. The signal generation circuitry applies the at least one OAM twisted light beam to the sample. The OAM twisted light beam includes at least one fractional OAM state, at least one intensity signature and at least one phase signature unique to the material within the sample. A detector receives the OAM twisted light beam after the OAM twisted light beam passes through the sample and detects the material responsive to a presence of a unique combination of the at least one fractional OAM state, the at least one intensity signature and the at least one phase signature.
A61B 5/145 - Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value
A61B 5/1455 - Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
G01N 24/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects
A preform for making a vortex optical fiber comprises a glass cylinder formed substantially of silicone dioxide that defines a core portion along a longitudinal axis of the glass cylinder and a cladding portion surrounding the core portion. The glass cylinder further defines a plurality of holes running parallel to the longitudinal axis from a first end of the glass cylinder to a second end of the glass cylinder.
A method for transmission of orbital angular momentum (OAM) data over an optical fiber involves generating an optical signal at a selected wavelength. A ratio of a diameter of a core of the optical fiber to the selected wavelength of the optical signal enables transmission of a predetermined number of orbital angular momentum modes over the optical fiber. The optical signal is modulated with at least one input data stream and an OAM signal is applied to the modulated optical signal to generate the OAM data signal. The OAM data signal is transmitted over the optical fiber using a fiber launcher. A received OAM data signal is processed to extract the at least one input data stream.
An apparatus for performing an endoscopic procedure for detecting cancerous tissue includes a detection probe for detecting the cancerous tissue. The detection probe includes a first fiber for emitting an ultraviolet light beam having an orthogonal function applied thereto and a second fiber for receiving emissions from tissues responsive to the ultraviolet light beam emitted for the first fiber. An ultraviolet emission source generates the ultraviolet light beam. Orthogonal function circuitry applies the orthogonal function twist to the ultraviolet light beam. Detection circuitry detects fluorescence and orthogonal function within the emissions from the tissues received over the second fiber.
A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
A61B 1/00 - Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopesIlluminating arrangements therefor
A61B 1/06 - Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopesIlluminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
A61B 1/07 - Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopesIlluminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
97.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MULTI-PARAMETER SPECTROSCOPY
An apparatus for detecting a material within a sample includes a light emitting unit for directing at least one light beam through the sample. A plurality of units receive the light beam that has passed through the sample and performs a spectroscopic analysis of the sample based on the received light beam. Each of the plurality of units analyze a different parameter with respect to the sample a provide a separate output signal with respect to the analysis. A processor detects the material with respect each of the provided separate output signals.
A system for enabling signal penetration into a building includes first circuitry, located on an outside of the building, that receives millimeter wave signals and converting the millimeter wave signals into a format that penetrates into an interior of a building for reception by wireless devices within the building. Second circuitry, located on an inside of the building and communicatively linked with the first circuitry, receives the millimeter wave signals in the format that penetrates into an interior of the building and converts the millimeter wave signals in the format to a second format for transmission to the wireless devices within the building.
An antenna array includes a plurality of patch antennas including a plurality of layers. Each of the plurality of layers are separated by a distance and each support a portion of the plurality of patch antennas. A plurality of connectors are each associated with one of the plurality of layers and supply a signal for transmission by the associated layer. A feed network on each of the plurality of layers provides a connection between a connector associated with the layer and the portion of the patch antennas located on the layer. Each layer transmits a signal having a different orthogonal function applied thereto that multiplexes each of the signals having a different orthogonal function applied thereto onto a single transmission beam. A parabolic reflector reflects the single transmission beam from the plurality of layers of the antenna array.
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
H01Q 15/16 - Reflecting surfacesEquivalent structures curved in two dimensions, e.g. paraboloidal
H01Q 3/26 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elementsArrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
100.
Modulation and multiple access technique using orbital angular momentum
A system includes an interface for receiving a plurality of data streams from a plurality of data sources. A multiplexor groups the plurality of data streams into a plurality of groups. A plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) processing circuitries apply a same OFDM processing to each of the plurality of groups using a same combination of frequency and time slot combinations on each of the plurality of groups. A modulator modulates each of the OFDM processed groups onto a same signal bandwidth by applying a different, unique orthogonal function to each of the OFDM processed groups. The unique orthogonal functions defined by a path on and between the surfaces of a plurality of concentric orthogonal state spheres defining each of the different, unique orthogonal functions. A transmitter transmits modulated OFDM processed groups over the communications link in accordance with each of the different, unique orthogonal functions defined by the path on and between the surfaces of the plurality of concentric orthogonal state spheres.
