Abrégé

This invention refers to a magnetic anti-scaling device that can be coupled around piping with fluid flow inside it, comprising an external tube; and a plurality of magnetic arrangements, wherein each magnetic arrangement is formed by a cylindric support and a plurality of magnets circumferentially positioned on the cylindric support: where—in the plurality of magnetic arrangements comprises a sequency of magnetic arrangements placed side by side, and likely to be longitudinally coupled around the piping in an axisymmetric arrangement, so as to form, at least, a concentration plan of magnetic field; and wherein a spacer and an absorber are positioned at each end of the axisymmetric arrangement, and the external tube surrounds the axisymmetric arrangement. The application of a high-density magnetic flow orthogonally to the speed of the fluid to be treated inhibits formation of scales at the internal wall of piping, thus reducing scaling at the equipment upstream.

Classes IPC  ?

• C02F 1/48 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout au moyen de champs magnétiques ou électriques

Abrégé

The invention proposes a method that receives an unstructured document at the input, extracts its information, reorganizes and makes this information available in files that can be consumed by other systems. The method for extracting and structuring information comprises a (1) document page separator model, (2) block detection and segmentation model, (3) table extractor, (4) image extractor, (5) image classification model, (6) text extractor, (7) computer vision model for improving the image quality of the texts, (8) optical character recognition model, (09) model for spelling correction, (10) models for semantic enrichment of the text, (11) output file organizer and (12) metadata aggregator for information enrichment. There is also part of the invention a synthetic document generator that serves to create a training base made up of millions of synthetic documents, which emulate real documents commonly used by the O&G industry in different layout variations. These synthetic documents are used to train and update the artificial intelligence models used in the main process of extracting information. Accordingly, it comprises the following steps: (1) generation of synthetic documents, in different layout configurations; (2) training/tuning of computer vision and classification models; (3) quality control of the models under synthetic and real sets; (4) assessment of extraction results in the O&G domain; (5) identification of new formats or alterations to existing formats; (6) adjustment of parameters and configuration of new synthetic formats.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06V 30/416 - Extraction de la structure logique, p. ex. chapitres, sections ou numéros de pageIdentification des éléments de document, p. ex. des auteurs
• G06F 40/114 - Pagination
• G06F 40/232 - Correction orthographique, p. ex. vérificateurs d’orthographe ou insertion des voyelles
• G06V 10/764 - Dispositions pour la reconnaissance ou la compréhension d’images ou de vidéos utilisant la reconnaissance de formes ou l’apprentissage automatique utilisant la classification, p. ex. des objets vidéo
• G06V 10/82 - Dispositions pour la reconnaissance ou la compréhension d’images ou de vidéos utilisant la reconnaissance de formes ou l’apprentissage automatique utilisant les réseaux neuronaux
• G06V 30/10 - Reconnaissance de caractères
• G06V 30/414 - Extraction de la structure géométrique, p. ex. arborescenceDécoupage en blocs, p. ex. boîtes englobantes pour les éléments graphiques ou textuels

Abrégé

The present disclosure refers to a method for optimizing the selection of points to obtain formation static pressure based on the relation between the permeability index and the effective porosity. In an embodiment of a method is disclosed for marking out which intervals are most suitable for carrying out pressure measurements with wireline testers.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 15/08 - Recherche de la perméabilité, du volume des pores ou de l'aire superficielle des matériaux poreux
• G01N 24/08 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de la résonance magnétique nucléaire, de la résonance paramagnétique électronique ou d'autres effets de spin en utilisant la résonance magnétique nucléaire

Abrégé

The present disclosure refers to a method for building a SERS substrate from metal nanoparticles for determining the content of phosphonate-based scale inhibitors present at low concentrations in water using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The substrates also are used in detergent and dispersant products, in corrosion inhibitors and in water treatment systems in general, such as cooling water and boiler water, in addition to being applied in other fields such as the textile, concrete and paper industries.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 21/65 - Diffusion de Raman

Abrégé

The present disclosure describes a process of obtaining a carbon membrane derived from polymer polybenzoxazine, for improved separation of gases with different kinetic diameters such as helium (2.60 Å), hydrogen (2.89 Å), carbon dioxide (3,30 Å), oxygen (3.46 Å), nitrogen (3.64 Å), carbon monoxide (3.70 Å), methane (3.80 Å), ethylene (4.23 Å) and ethane (4.42 Å) from the molecular sieving mechanism.

Classes IPC  ?

• B01D 53/22 - Séparation de gaz ou de vapeursRécupération de vapeurs de solvants volatils dans les gazÉpuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p. ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par diffusion
• B01D 67/00 - Procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication de membranes semi-perméables destinées aux procédés ou aux appareils de séparation
• B01D 69/02 - Membranes semi-perméables destinées aux procédés ou aux appareils de séparation, caractérisées par leur forme, leur structure ou leurs propriétésProcédés spécialement adaptés à leur fabrication caractérisées par leurs propriétés
• B01D 69/06 - Membranes planes
• B01D 69/10 - Membranes sur supportSupports pour membranes
• B01D 71/02 - Matériaux inorganiques

Abrégé

The present invention refers to a process for obtaining reduced graphene oxide (rGO) porous membranes, homogeneous, without cracks, using very low quantities of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, highly adhered to the porous support and with high mechanical stability. The obtained rGO membranes present high quality and excellent operational efficiency and can be used in applications involving separation of ionic, molecular and biological species in liquid and gaseous phases, such as the treatment of water and industrial effluents and/or gas purification. Furthermore, the present invention also describes an ideal reactor to make it possible to obtain said reduced graphene oxide membranes obtained by the process described herein.

Classes IPC  ?

• B01D 71/02 - Matériaux inorganiques
• B01D 67/00 - Procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication de membranes semi-perméables destinées aux procédés ou aux appareils de séparation
• B01D 69/02 - Membranes semi-perméables destinées aux procédés ou aux appareils de séparation, caractérisées par leur forme, leur structure ou leurs propriétésProcédés spécialement adaptés à leur fabrication caractérisées par leurs propriétés
• B01D 69/10 - Membranes sur supportSupports pour membranes
• C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse

Abrégé

The present invention is applied in the area of offshore mooring systems and methods and, more specifically, relates to a system for increasing the load capacity of fixed points of mooring systems comprising: a chain connected to a pile and a connector; the pile comprising: —a lower portion internally containing ballast material; and —an upper portion filled with reagents containing a chemical reagent of composition A in a first compartment and a chemical reagent of composition B in a second compartment; wherein the compartment containing chemical reagent A and the compartment containing chemical reagent B are separated by a rupture diaphragm that autonomously and automatically ruptures when the pile is driven into seabed, generating products C and D and releasing energy in the form of heat due to the exothermic reaction between reagents A and B, without the generation of flame, thereby increasing the load capacity of the mooring systems by artificially increasing the undrained shear resistance of the foundation ground carried out through thermal weighting of foundation grounds.

Classes IPC  ?

• B63B 21/26 - Ancres avec système d'assurance de tenue sur le fond
• B63B 21/20 - Adaptations des chaînes, amarres, aussières ou matériels analogues, ou de leurs éléments

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a process and system capable of processing large volumes of petroleum samples to withdraw a sufficient amount for water characterization in petroleum, without the need for sample fractionation and subsequent volume recomposition. This reduces the number of steps and processing time, with low risk of contamination or decharacterization due to losses of important fractions. This process is carried out through the system consisting of the insulated and heated reservoir (1), temperature transmitter (2), temperature controller (3), electric resistance (4), flow control valve (5), blocking valves (6a; 6b; 6c; 6d), temperature indicator (7), self-desludging stacked plate centrifuge (8), oil sampling point (9), water sample extraction system (10), capillary tube (11), vacuum pump (12), water sample container (13), oil outlet (15), water inlet for activating the desludging (16), cleaning fluid inlet (17), outlet or vent (18).

Classes IPC  ?

• C10G 33/08 - Commande ou régulation

Abrégé

The invention described herein proposes that the study of pressure loss in an intelligent completion valve (ICV) is carried out considering both different annular flows and the existence of an axial flow coming from an upstream zone. To study pressure losses in ICVs in detail, the CFD-based methodology (Computational Fluid Dynamics) was adopted, where the geometry of a valve can be well represented by a detailed numerical simulation mesh, which allows high precision results. The invention described herein proves that when more than one completed interval produces simultaneously, a phenomenon that we call fluid confluence occurs, and this is responsible for an additional pressure loss. When there is a confluence of fluids, the pressure loss in the valve depends on both the flow coming from the annulus and the flow coming from upstream zones. The present invention proposes that a detailed pressure loss study be carried out for each valve, considering different flows of annular and column, with fluid properties consistent with the reservoir fluid. Numerical experiments are capable of providing pressure loss values that can be reproduced later. The present invention also provides a quadratic mathematical model that can be adjusted with the data obtained in the pressure loss studies detailed above.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06F 30/18 - Conception de réseaux, p. ex. conception basée sur les aspects topologiques ou d’interconnexion des systèmes d’approvisionnement en eau, électricité ou gaz, de tuyauterie, de chauffage, ventilation et climatisation [CVC], ou de systèmes de câblage

Abrégé

The present invention addresses to a method of cleaning rock samples from oil systems, based on the use of a nanofluid, which is capable of considerably accelerating the process. The developed method associates the potential of oil solubilization by the nanofluid under the temporary action of an ultrasound system, being faster and more efficient than the method traditionally used by distillation, then described in the State of the Art. The used procedure reduces the time required for the removal of oil and salt, a critical step in the characterization process of rock samples, normally from 120 to 365 days, to 3 to 7 days, using a low toxicity aqueous-based nanofluid, which does not change the properties of the rocks.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 1/34 - PurificationNettoyage
• G01N 1/44 - Traitement d'échantillons mettant en œuvre un rayonnement, p. ex. de la chaleur
• G01N 33/24 - Matériaux de la terre

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a modular optical profiler for measuring level, oil-water interface and water content in the emulsion layer. The profiler consists of optical sensor modules for temperature and pressure measurement and can be adapted for measurement in different tanks and operating processes, since it has small dimensions, flexibility and modularity. Furthermore, the profiler uses fiber optic Bragg gratings (FBG) to measure pressure and temperature gradients in production tanks. Further, the proposed modular optical profiler has the important advantage of measurement redundancy that, associated with the fusion of measurement data using different parameters, results in robust equipment that can function in different adverse operating conditions. Another important operational advantage is the possibility of customizing the number of sensors and their positions in the tank to adapt or optimize their operation in relation to the dimensional and operational characteristics of each tank or processing unit.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 13/00 - Recherche des effets de surface ou de couche limite, p. ex. pouvoir mouillantRecherche des effets de diffusionAnalyse des matériaux en déterminant les effets superficiels, limites ou de diffusion
• G01N 33/28 - Huiles

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a formulation of a low viscosity friction reducing agent, based on high molecular weight polyisobutylene in mineral oil, for application in two-phase and multiphase turbulent flow in oil production lines, preferably in umbilicals. Particularly, the product is specified for meet the technical requirements for subsea injection in production systems with wet completion and two-phase turbulent flow (liquid-gas) and multiphase (liquid-liquid-gas) with a gas-oil ratio (GOR) of 150 to 1,500 m3/m3, as it is the case of oil and gas extraction systems in pre-salt. The present invention also relates to a method for reducing friction in turbulent flow comprising the subsea injection of said formulation and the use of this formulation to reduce friction in two-phase or multiphase flow in subsea oil production lines.

Classes IPC  ?

• C09K 8/588 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c.-à-d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p. ex. fluides de déplacement caractérisées par l'utilisation de polymères spécifiques

Abrégé

The present invention finds its field of application as a means of operational flexibility and enabling different simultaneous modalities for the capture, utilization and storage of CO2 in an integrated manner through thermomechanical cycling in a cavern built in salt rock. More particularly, in regions close to oil fields where there is a layer of evaporite rock close to the same and suitable for the construction of a cavern in salt rock, for its use as a geological buffer (lung) for CO2 and thus ensuring the Net Carbon Negative Oil during the enhanced oil recovery in the exploitation life of an oil reserve.

Classes IPC  ?

• E21B 41/00 - Matériel ou accessoires non couverts par les groupes

Abrégé

The present invention relates to methods capable of realistically estimating the consumption of spare parts by target equipment (brand and model) and monitoring the actual consumption by this brand and model within a time frame defined by the user. The invention includes a primary estimation function that provides a prediction of parts to be consumed, together with their associated data, within a time frame relative to the start of operation of the equipment, based on the consumption history and processing, which results in probable average quantities or probable maximum quantities to be consumed by type/identification; and an auxiliary consumption monitoring function, offering a view/profile of the consumption of parts by a given piece of equipment within a time frame that may be relative or absolute to the start of operation. This function, among other information, allows filtering of the consumption behaviour of one or more pieces of equipment and comparison of consumption profiles across groups of equipment, either within the same industrial plant or across different plants. Together with the type/identification of each part consumed, the following information is provided in the results section of both the estimation and monitoring functions: manufacturer, lead time for each consumed part, manufacturer's part numbers, material numbers and, optionally, prices historically charged.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06Q 10/00 - AdministrationGestion
• G06Q 50/00 - Technologies de l’information et de la communication [TIC] spécialement adaptées à la mise en œuvre des procédés d’affaires d’un secteur particulier d’activité économique, p. ex. aux services d’utilité publique ou au tourisme

Abrégé

The present invention pertains to the field of modeling, simulation and evaluation of reservoirs and discloses preferred embodiments of a method for determining static and dynamic elastic and poroelastic parameters of rocks under hydrostatic confining pressure conditions, a system for carrying out said method and a computer-readable storage medium.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 15/08 - Recherche de la perméabilité, du volume des pores ou de l'aire superficielle des matériaux poreux
• G01N 3/12 - Test de pression
• G01N 29/04 - Analyse de solides
• G01N 29/07 - Analyse de solides en mesurant la vitesse de propagation ou le temps de propagation des ondes acoustiques
• G01N 33/24 - Matériaux de la terre

Abrégé

The lateral clamping module (MTL) is a device having the function of withstanding the bending moment and shear loads of the rigid riser termination, preventing problems of fatigue and wear due to movement and shock inside the supporting pipe. The MTL is actuated remotely from the production unit in the final stage of pull-in without the need for diving, or directly by ROV. The MTL also allows the lateral unclamping of the riser without diving.

Classes IPC  ?

• E21B 17/01 - Colonnes montantes pour têtes de puits immergées
• E21B 17/00 - Tiges ou tubes de forageTrains de tiges souplesTiges d'entraînementMasses-tigesTiges de pompageTubagesColonnes de production

Abrégé

The main object of this disclosure is to enable real-time impedimetric detection which provides greater sensitivity to scale formation in stainless steel tubes, as minimal changes on the capillary surface are detected in the form of an increase in the overall impedance of the system for systems in flow with real-time detection. Thus, the apparatus of the present disclosure includes at least one potentiostat, at least one working electrode (WE), at least one reference electrode (RE) and at least one counter electrode (CE), and at least one tube with an opening adapted to pass a fluid flow and at least two polymeric connectors at the ends, in which the working electrode is connected to the inlet of said tube.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 27/02 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'emploi de moyens électriques, électrochimiques ou magnétiques en recherchant l'impédance
• G01N 27/416 - Systèmes

Abrégé

The present invention discloses a method of monitoring images, particularly images from cameras on offshore platforms, where only low-frequency events trigger alarms and high-frequency events are ignored. Preferably, it implements the Multi-scale Structural Quality Score where the compared image frames are spaced in time, for example, by a space of 1 minute, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, or 60 minutes. If a quality score lower than a threshold quality score is obtained, or if the quality score obtained remains within a predetermined range for a time greater than a predetermined time limit, an alarm may be triggered. Accordingly, only events that represent a significant risk to operational and personnel safety and that persist for a certain period will trigger alarms. Consequently, spurious alarms that would be caused by low relevance events are avoided.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06T 7/00 - Analyse d'image
• G06V 10/74 - Appariement de motifs d’image ou de vidéoMesures de proximité dans les espaces de caractéristiques
• G08B 21/00 - Alarmes réagissant à une seule condition particulière, indésirable ou anormale, et non prévues ailleurs

Abrégé

The present disclosure relates to formulations of self-weighted and weighted stimulation fluids, such as acids or chelators, for the stimulation of the oil wells through gravitational positioning.

Classes IPC  ?

• E21B 43/25 - Procédés pour activer la production
• C09K 8/86 - Compositions à base d'eau ou de solvants polaires contenant des composés organiques

Abrégé

The present invention is applied in the field of completion and workover of subsea oil wells and, more specifically, refers to an assembly of umbilical protection and structural reinforcement of the completion and workover riser (CWOR), which comprises: a protection and reinforcement joint inserted into the tally of a CWOR, and at least one pair of stiffeners joined at the same height in the longitudinal direction to the outer wall of the CWOR.

Classes IPC  ?

• E21B 47/01 - Dispositifs pour supporter des instruments de mesure sur des trépans, des tubes, des tiges ou des câbles de forageProtection des instruments de mesure dans les trous de forage contre la chaleur, les chocs, la pression ou similaire
• E21B 17/01 - Colonnes montantes pour têtes de puits immergées

Abrégé

The proposed method aims to acquire qualitative and quantitative data about the different petrographic constituents of rock samples by means of automated recognition, quantification and segmentation mechanisms, and to articulate this information for the construction of rapid interpretations that generate added value for the petrographic service and support decisions at various stages of the oil exploration and production chain. The automated formulation of genetic processes aims to provide interpretative parameters regarding the genesis and modification of the deposits studied, in order to support geological interpretations in the construction of static and dynamic models.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06T 7/62 - Analyse des attributs géométriques de la superficie, du périmètre, du diamètre ou du volume
• G06T 7/90 - Détermination de caractéristiques de couleur
• G06T 7/174 - DécoupageDétection de bords impliquant l'utilisation de plusieurs images
• G06T 7/11 - Découpage basé sur les zones
• G06N 20/00 - Apprentissage automatique

Abrégé

The present invention relates to the field of technologies responsible for lithological classification; in other words, it relates to a rock classification system, more specifically, a system for lithological classification by means of the classification and hierarchisation of building blocks. The method for lithological classification is characterised in that the lithological classification is carried out using a system of classification and hierarchisation of the building blocks of a rock, wherein the method for lithological classification of a rock comprises the following steps: step I involves the user defining the classification system(s) to be used, with all its members; step II involves the user establishing the order of relevance of each building block of each member of the classification system cited in step I; step III involves recognising, in an analysed petrographic image, the occurrence or non-occurrence of the existing building blocks; and step IV involves comparing the arrangement of the presence/absence of the building blocks with the relationships established in step II in relation to the members established in step I.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06T 7/62 - Analyse des attributs géométriques de la superficie, du périmètre, du diamètre ou du volume
• G06T 7/90 - Détermination de caractéristiques de couleur
• G06T 7/174 - DécoupageDétection de bords impliquant l'utilisation de plusieurs images
• G06T 7/11 - Découpage basé sur les zones
• G06N 20/00 - Apprentissage automatique

Abrégé

A control process for microgrids for voltage regulation on the main bus and power factor (PF) regulation at generator terminals is presented, especially in events scheduled in the microgrid that result in electrical transients, such as direct starting of induction motors (IM). The technology takes advantage of idle capacity of distributed converters (for example: frequency inverters, “variable frequency drive” or VFD) of microgrids making them, in coordinated manner, injecting and/or absorbing reactive power, in addition to exploit the reduced latency of autonomous VFD control during the transient. The Power-Based Control (PBC) technique is used and a modified Volt-VAr function is created applied during the transitional regime.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02J 3/00 - Circuits pour réseaux principaux ou de distribution, à courant alternatif
• H02J 3/18 - Dispositions pour réglage, élimination ou compensation de puissance réactive dans les réseaux
• H02J 3/48 - Dispositions pour l’alimentation en parallèle d’un seul réseau, par plusieurs générateurs, convertisseurs ou transformateurs contrôlant la répartition de puissance entre les générateurs, convertisseurs ou transformateurs contrôlant la répartition de la composante en phase

Abrégé

The present invention refers to a thermodynamic system and a method to quantify the amount of oxidized methane and estimate the biodegradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbons in the contamination source zone in real time. The biodegradation rate is used to estimate the time required to reach safe levels in the concentration of contaminants in the soil. The system comprises a set of heat flux transducers distributed in the soil, different planes, a cylinder and a station with energy autonomy. The method includes analyzing the raw data, eliminating outliers caused by eventual probing failures, calculating the temperatures and their gradients for each moment measured at each observation point, calculating the temperature interpolant parameters for each moment using the temperatures and point derivatives, calculating the internal energy of the soil and the heat fluxes for each moment, calculating the cumulative value of energy transmitted, using a mathematical model to adjust the parameters of the decay curve, and identifying if there is any temporal dependence on the decay rates.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 25/48 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de moyens thermiques en recherchant la production de quantités de chaleur, c.-à-d. la calorimétrie, p. ex. en mesurant la chaleur spécifique, en mesurant la conductivité thermique sur une solution, sorption ou réaction chimique n'impliquant pas une oxydation par combustion ou catalyse
• G01K 3/10 - Thermomètres donnant une indication autre que la valeur instantanée de la température fournissant des différences de valeursThermomètres donnant une indication autre que la valeur instantanée de la température fournissant des valeurs différenciées par rapport au temps, p. ex. réagissant uniquement à une variation rapide de température
• G01N 33/24 - Matériaux de la terre

Abrégé

The method described in the present invention pertains to the field of technologies for classifying parameters related to lithological classification, that is, the rock classification system. More specifically, it relates to a method for characterization at microscopic level of lithology that includes porosity. The proposed method enables the acquisition of data related to pore chambers and the pore throats that connect them. Once the segment identified as "porosity" is subdivided into its essential elements, in addition to the estimated quantification (areal percentage associated with the void volume of the rock), it is possible to obtain geometric data of the pore chambers and pore throats from petrographic slides that reflect the geological complexity of a rock in a sample-based manner.

Classes IPC  ?

• E21B 49/00 - Test pour déterminer la nature des parois des trous de forageEssais de couchesProcédés ou appareils pour prélever des échantillons du terrain ou de fluides en provenance des puits, spécialement adaptés au forage du sol ou aux puits
• G01N 15/08 - Recherche de la perméabilité, du volume des pores ou de l'aire superficielle des matériaux poreux
• G06T 7/11 - Découpage basé sur les zones
• G06T 7/62 - Analyse des attributs géométriques de la superficie, du périmètre, du diamètre ou du volume
• G06F 18/24 - Techniques de classification

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a method for defining borehole wall image profiles from geological outcrops photographs. The objectives of the present invention are related to the creation of a planar projection of a pseudocylinder originating from longitudinal 2D images of geological outcrops available photographs. By means of the present invention, said created projection can be used by specific intelligence mechanisms, with pseudo image profiles being obtained for correlation with real image profiles. This said solution, unlike the prior art, allows that pseudo image profiles to be obtained at a low cost.

Classes IPC  ?

• E21B 47/002 - Relevés dans les trous de forage ou dans les puits par inspection visuelle
• G06T 3/60 - Rotation d’images entières ou de parties d'image
• G06T 7/62 - Analyse des attributs géométriques de la superficie, du périmètre, du diamètre ou du volume

Abrégé

The present invention relates to an autonomous chemical treatment system and method for drilling and completion probes, so that it allows the probe to carry out chemical treatments in subsea wells, dispensing the need to use the WSSV, which has a limited treatment capacity due to tank volumetry, generally smaller than the marine probes.

Classes IPC  ?

• E21B 41/00 - Matériel ou accessoires non couverts par les groupes
• C09K 8/52 - Compositions pour éviter, limiter ou éliminer les dépôts, p. ex. pour le nettoyage
• C09K 8/60 - Compositions pour activer la production en agissant sur la formation souterraine
• C09K 8/66 - Compositions à base d'eau ou de solvants polaires
• C09K 8/68 - Compositions à base d'eau ou de solvants polaires contenant des composés organiques
• E21B 33/068 - Têtes de puitsLeur mise en place comportant des dispositions pour introduire des objets dans les puits ou pour les en retirer, ou pour y introduire des fluides

Abrégé

The present invention proposes the use of a microcapsule composed of an oil-based drag-reducing polymer (DRP) as an internal phase and an external membrane composed of a thermosensitive material impermeable to the drag-reducing polymer in oil production fields, more specifically, in subsea umbilicals. The external membrane of the microcapsules is ruptured when exposed to an environment with a temperature above the temperature of the oil being produced, releasing its internal contents into the flowing oil.

Classes IPC  ?

• C09K 8/92 - Compositions pour activer la production en agissant sur la formation souterraine caractérisées par leur forme ou par la forme de leurs composants, p. ex. matériaux encapsulés
• C09K 8/82 - Compositions à base d'huile
• E21B 43/01 - Procédés ou dispositifs pour l'extraction de pétrole, de gaz, d'eau ou de matériaux solubles ou fusibles ou d'une suspension de matières minérales à partir de puits spécialement adaptés à l'extraction à partir d'installations sous l'eau

Abrégé

The present invention proposes a connection structure for a robot that operates inside pipes, as its small size allows high tractions in restricted spaces. It can be applied to form the connection structure of intervention robotic systems that operate under traction and can also be used to connect two umbilicals without using a large volume connector. Accordingly, the solution found by the present application solves the connection problems between two systems, the robot and the umbilical cable, and solves the problem of the state of the art, using a splice housing (1) that internally contains a splice hood (5).

Classes IPC  ?

• B25J 19/00 - Accessoires adaptés aux manipulateurs, p. ex. pour contrôler, pour observerDispositifs de sécurité combinés avec les manipulateurs ou spécialement conçus pour être utilisés en association avec ces manipulateurs
• B25J 11/00 - Manipulateurs non prévus ailleurs

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a method for detecting and warning of operational failures. The methodology was developed for hydrotreatment units and more specifically for monitoring pressure loss in hydrotreatment reactors, but it can be applied to any process that benefits from plant monitoring, especially in cases where the evolution of the undesirable event cannot be mapped by known equations. Adaptations for using in other process plants can be carried out by any specialist in that area, it is only necessary to map the variables that must be observed and define the monitoring needs in terms of acquisition interval, as well as the alarm settings that will depend on the dynamics of the process itself.

Classes IPC  ?

• G05B 23/02 - Test ou contrôle électrique
• G06F 17/13 - Opérations mathématiques complexes pour la résolution d'équations d'équations différentielles

Abrégé

The present invention falls within the area of well logging to evaluate formations in oil and gas producing fields. Particularly, the present invention describes a method for generating synthetic T1-T2 maps from marginal distributions of nuclear magnetic resonance logging tools, wherein the method comprises: decomposing marginal distributions of T1 and T2 relaxation times into an initial sum of log-normal functions with the same amplitudes and different means and standard deviations; setting the initial amplitudes, means and standard deviations so that the sum of log-normal functions corresponds to the marginal distributions of T1 and T2; and using the amplitudes, means and standard deviations set in a sum of two-dimensional log-normal functions to generate a synthetic T1-T2 map.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01V 3/38 - Traitement de données, p. ex. pour l'analyse, pour l'interprétation ou pour la correction
• G01V 3/32 - Prospection ou détection électrique ou magnétiqueMesure des caractéristiques du champ magnétique de la terre, p. ex. de la déclinaison ou de la déviation spécialement adaptée au carottage fonctionnant par résonance magnétique électronique ou nucléaire

Abrégé

Disclosed is a mechanism for retracting the wedges of a rigid riser support, consisting of a cam holder crown, rods with rollers, a drive spindle, a hydraulic actuator and springs; this system can be driven by ROV or remotely. The system allows the reduction of the need for shallow diving and enables interconnections of rigid risers by keelhauling, promoting competitiveness with the flexible riser solution.

Classes IPC  ?

• E21B 17/01 - Colonnes montantes pour têtes de puits immergées
• F16L 37/086 - Accouplements du type à action rapide dans lesquels l'assemblage entre les extrémités s'aboutant ou se chevauchant est maintenu par des organes de blocage combinés à un verrouillage automatique au moyen d'éléments d'enclenchement poussés radialement par des éléments faisant ressort
• F16L 37/092 - Accouplements du type à action rapide dans lesquels l'assemblage entre les extrémités s'aboutant ou se chevauchant est maintenu par des organes de blocage combinés à un verrouillage automatique au moyen d'éléments coincés entre le tuyau et la surface tronconique convergente du corps du raccord

Abrégé

The invention consists of a new sacrificial anode design that eliminates welding and reduces fixing time. This new anode design comprises a metallic appendix, which can be in the form of a hook, in order to hold and provide electrical contact between the anode and the jacket, or other part of the structure that is desired to be protected. In the contact region of the hook there will be a pointed device (3) to allow full electrical contact between the anode and the jacket element. Therefore, this electrical contact will be made by the anode's own weight, which may be added with a galvanically inert ballast to guarantee the contact until the end of the anode's lifetime.

Classes IPC  ?

• C23F 13/20 - Alimentation des électrodes en courant électrique
• C23F 13/18 - Moyens de support des électrodes

Abrégé

The present invention describes a hydraulic cement composition, process and use thereof, wherein the composition comprises a hydraulic cement composition with increased resistance against carbon dioxide (CO2) for application in reservoirs such as oil and gas and carbon capture and storage (CCS) wells; with improved performance of cement paste formulations as a material for application in primary, secondary cementing, recovery and/or plugging operations, of reservoirs/wells that operate with high CO2 content; as a technological alternative to guarantee the integrity of wells in CO2-rich environments for long periods of time, without any additional intervention to the already current operational procedures for cementing wells, and with cost reduction in relation to class G cement (currently, the main raw material); and sufficient chemical resistance to carry out enhanced oil (EOR) and gas (EGR) recovery by injecting high levels of CO2, increasing reservoir pressure throughout the extraction period of hydrocarbon reservoirs.

Classes IPC  ?

• C09K 8/493 - Additifs pour réduire ou empêcher la migration des gaz
• C04B 7/13 - Leurs mélanges avec des matières inorganiques cimentaires, p. ex. ciments Portland
• C04B 7/40 - DéshydratationMise en forme, p. ex. granulation
• C04B 7/52 - Broyage fin
• C04B 28/02 - Compositions pour mortiers, béton ou pierre artificielle, contenant des liants inorganiques ou contenant le produit de réaction d'un liant inorganique et d'un liant organique, p. ex. contenant des ciments de polycarboxylates contenant des ciments hydrauliques autres que ceux de sulfate de calcium
• C04B 111/00 - Fonction, propriétés ou utilisation des mortiers, du béton ou de la pierre artificielle
• C04B 111/22 - Résistance à la carbonatation
• C09K 8/42 - Compositions de cimentation, p. ex. pour la cimentation des tubes dans les trous de forageCompositions de bouchage, p. ex. pour tuer des puits

Abrégé

The present invention relates to HTS catalysts applied in hydrogen or synthesis gas production units, whether in steam reforming, autothermal reforming, dry or gasification reforming, chromium-free, consisting of iron oxide, containing platinum contents between 0.1 to 0.4% w/w, promoted by sodium contents between 0.1 to 0.3% w/w, and optionally aluminum contents between 5.0 to 6.0% w/w inserted into the crystal lattice of an iron oxide with a hematite (Fe2O3) crystal structure, thus, allowing high activity to be reconciled with excellent resistance to deactivation by exposure to high temperatures. In a second aspect, the present invention provides a carbon monoxide conversion process by bringing said catalyst into contact with a synthesis gas stream, where the maximum bed temperature can be limited by the injection of water or steam next to the feed of CO-containing gas at the reactor inlet.

Classes IPC  ?

• B01J 37/03 - PrécipitationCo-précipitation
• B01J 23/89 - Catalyseurs contenant des métaux, oxydes ou hydroxydes métalliques non prévus dans le groupe du cuivre ou des métaux du groupe du fer combinés à des métaux nobles
• B01J 35/70 - Catalyseurs caractérisés par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques, en général caractérisés par leurs propriétés cristallines, p. ex. semi-cristallines
• B01J 37/02 - Imprégnation, revêtement ou précipitation
• B01J 37/06 - Lavage
• B01J 37/08 - Traitement thermique
• C01B 3/40 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p. ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air par réaction d'hydrocarbures avec des agents gazéifiants avec des catalyseurs caractérisée par le catalyseur
• C01B 3/48 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p. ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air par réaction d'hydrocarbures avec des agents gazéifiants suivie par une réaction de la vapeur d'eau avec l'oxyde de carbone

Abrégé

The present invention relates to the development of equipment capable to monitor the deposition of inorganic compounds in saline solutions in high ion concentration conditions. This invention uses the principle of difference in electrical conductivity that the saline solution and the scale present. In this way, applying the electrical potential to the aqueous solution, through a pair of electrodes, generating an electric current that will be proportional to the conductivity of the compounds present in the medium.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 27/28 - Composants de cellules électrolytiques
• E21B 47/00 - Relevés dans les trous de forage ou dans les puits
• G01N 27/42 - Mesure du dépôt ou de la libération de matériaux d'un électrolyteCoulométrie, c.-à-d. mesure de l'équivalent de Coulomb du matériau dans un électrolyte

Abrégé

The invention provides polymeric membranes with a mixed matrix and hollow fibers, with high mechanical resistance, useful in high pressure gas permeation processes such as, in particular, the removal of CO2 from raw streams resulting from oil exploration. The membranes are formed by at least one polymeric layer consisting of at least one polymer and an inorganic filler of clay mineral nanoparticles. The respective co-extrusion processes applicable to the production of said membranes are also provided herein.

Classes IPC  ?

• B01D 67/00 - Procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication de membranes semi-perméables destinées aux procédés ou aux appareils de séparation

Abrégé

A sealing ring positioning device that, operated by a remotely operated vehicle (ROV), allows sealing rings to be installed, in the subsea environment, in a groove of a flange of a first pipeline to be interconnected to a second pipeline. The sealing ring positioning device is provided with an upper portion that is presented as a handle by which the ROV handles the device in a subsea environment, a lower portion having a semicircle shape and configured to hold the sealing ring to be arranged in the flange groove in a subsea environment, and a middle portion including a groove holding a magnet that is configured to hold the device firmly positioned in the pipeline in a subsea environment, during the arrangement of the ring in the groove of the flange.

Classes IPC  ?

• F16L 23/00 - Raccords à brides
• B63G 8/00 - Navires submersibles, p. ex. sous-marins
• F16L 23/22 - Raccords à brides caractérisés par les moyens d'étanchéité les moyens d'étanchéité étant des segments exclusivement en un matériau autre qu'un métal

Abrégé

A device for removing misalignments between flanges of pipeline ends. More specifically, a device that, operated by an ROV, allows flange holes at the ends of subsea pipelines to be aligned so that interconnection operations between said pipelines can be embodied. To this end, the device described herein comprises an elongated metallic body having at least two diameters and presenting a gradual reduction between the component diameters. Additionally, a fixed nut is mounted on the larger diameter side of the elongated body, followed by a manipulator for administration by the ROV. On the other hand, a movable nut is mounted on the smaller diameter side of the elongated body, and the tightening movement made by the ROV on this movable nut causes the device to pass through the holes to be aligned, precisely, in the direction of the larger diameter of the device of the invention.

Classes IPC  ?

• F16B 5/02 - Jonction de feuilles ou de plaques soit entre elles soit à des bandes ou barres parallèles à elles par organes de fixation utilisant un filetage
• F16B 37/04 - Dispositifs pour fixer les écrous à des surfaces, p. ex. à des feuilles, à des plaques

Abrégé

The present invention relates to devices and methods for containing gas leaks in pipelines. In particular, the present invention describes a device for eliminating gas leaks by sealing a gas leak in an expansion joint arranged between two pipes misaligned with each other, the device comprising a metallic structure comprising a sealing blanket, in which the metallic structure and blanket fully enclose the expansion joint using cables. In addition, the present invention describes a gas leak elimination device for sealing a gas leak in an expansion joint arranged between two aligned pipes, the device comprising a sealing blanket, steel cables, straps and fastening elements to fully enclose the expansion joint.

Classes IPC  ?

• F16L 55/17 - Dispositifs pour aveugler les fuites dans les tuyaux ou manches à partir de l'extérieur du tuyau au moyen de bagues, de bandes ou de manchons pressés contre la surface extérieure du tuyau ou de la manche

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a method for applying scale inhibitor to completion fluids during injectivity test operations. Said method takes advantage of the completion fluid to inhibit scaling in the reservoir by filling the porous spaces of the reservoir rock with the inhibited completion fluid. When the well is put into production, this inhibited fluid positioned inside the reservoir will be produced together with the oil and will inhibit the formation of scale inside the reservoir and on production equipment.

Classes IPC  ?

• E21B 37/06 - Procédés ou appareils pour nettoyer les trous de forage ou les puits utilisant des moyens chimiques pour empêcher ou limiter le dépôt de paraffine ou de substances analogues
• E21B 49/00 - Test pour déterminer la nature des parois des trous de forageEssais de couchesProcédés ou appareils pour prélever des échantillons du terrain ou de fluides en provenance des puits, spécialement adaptés au forage du sol ou aux puits

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a structure and method of hoisting pipelines for subsea connection assisted by a remotely operated vehicle, ROV. Particularly, the present invention describes a pipeline hoisting structure comprising three beams joined together in a U-shape, and two hoisting systems, each being coupled to one of the vertical beams of the hoisting structure.

Classes IPC  ?

• F16L 1/12 - Pose ou récupération des tuyaux sur ou sous l'eau

Abrégé

The present invention proposes a combined treatment of scale removal and inhibition in reservoir rock (inhibition squeeze), by using inhibitors derived from organophosphonic acid, in acidic medium, aiming at minimizing the intervention time in well scale mitigation operations, in addition to reducing costs per treatment and the risks associated with the process.

Classes IPC  ?

• C09K 8/528 - Compositions pour éviter, limiter ou éliminer les dépôts, p. ex. pour le nettoyage les dépôts inorganiques, p. ex. sulfates ou carbonates
• E21B 37/06 - Procédés ou appareils pour nettoyer les trous de forage ou les puits utilisant des moyens chimiques pour empêcher ou limiter le dépôt de paraffine ou de substances analogues

Abrégé

The present invention describes a system and method for analyzing carbon isotope ratio in natural gas. Said system comprises a sample injection vessel (1), a chromatograph (2) comprising a first chromatographic column (3) and a second chromatographic column (5), in which a combustion reactor (4) is presented between said first and second chromatographic columns, external to the chromatograph (2), and in which an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (6) is connected to the output of the second chromatographic column (5) and feeds the data system (7) with the results found for the sample in order to generate the chromatogram. The present invention describes a system and method for analyzing carbon isotope ratio in natural gas. Said system comprises a sample injection vessel (1), a chromatograph (2) comprising a first chromatographic column (3) and a second chromatographic column (5), in which a combustion reactor (4) is presented between said first and second chromatographic columns, external to the chromatograph (2), and in which an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (6) is connected to the output of the second chromatographic column (5) and feeds the data system (7) with the results found for the sample in order to generate the chromatogram. In a second modality, the method of analyzing the carbon isotopic ratio in natural gas comprises the use of said system, which allows greater separation between the nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide components, eliminating the interferences found in the state of the art.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/72 - Spectromètres de masse
• B01D 53/02 - Séparation de gaz ou de vapeursRécupération de vapeurs de solvants volatils dans les gazÉpuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p. ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par adsorption, p. ex. chromatographie préparatoire en phase gazeuse
• G01N 30/02 - Chromatographie sur colonne
• G01N 30/06 - Préparation
• G01N 31/12 - Utilisation de la combustion

Abrégé

The main objective of the present invention is to enable continuous monitoring and detect anomalous behavior in wells equipped with intelligent completion automatically by means of a method implemented with artificial intelligence. The present invention applies AI techniques to monitor wells in an oil field and has the ability to understand what the usual behavior of each well would be, based on temperature, pressure and flow rate sensors, and then identify by means of a stochastic technique of selection of outliers which a deviation from usual behavior would be. From the outlier detection, it is possible to quantify an anomaly probability and associate the same with a possible event, such as: sensor failure and loss of data, closure of one of the producing intervals, scale deposition, among others.

Classes IPC  ?

• E21B 47/07 - Température

Abrégé

The present invention proposes a process for extracting and determining nitrogenous and acidic compounds in various types of petroleums, derivatives or thermal degradation products, and in process waters before the production/refining phase. The present invention proposes a process for extracting and determining nitrogenous and acidic compounds in various types of petroleums, derivatives or thermal degradation products, and in process waters before the production/refining phase. When the methodology is applied to petroleum and byproducts, the process comprises the extraction steps (1); separation (2); pre-concentration (3); and analysis (4). The present invention proposes a process for extracting and determining nitrogenous and acidic compounds in various types of petroleums, derivatives or thermal degradation products, and in process waters before the production/refining phase. When the methodology is applied to petroleum and byproducts, the process comprises the extraction steps (1); separation (2); pre-concentration (3); and analysis (4). When the methodology is applied to thermal degradation products, there is a need for a previous step to simulate the heating of petroleum containing different chemicals (if necessary) with the purpose of promoting thermal degradation of the species present and of the petroleum, and generating nitrogen compounds with simpler composition.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 33/28 - Huiles

Abrégé

The present invention aims at solving the difficulty of coupling a subsea torque tool, which is usually used by ROVs, to the nuts of cases used to join flanges in pipelines and pipes. In this way, a nut guide (3) is proposed, which is used in pre-assembly and which is coupled to the nut (2) through an adhesive means or any other appropriate joining means, wherein the torque tool is quickly and smoothly guided to the ideal position for tightening or loosening the flanges by using the screw (1) and nut (2) assembly, facilitating the fitting and minimizing the number of alignment maneuvers between the torque tool and the nut (2).

Classes IPC  ?

• F16L 23/00 - Raccords à brides

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a system and method for passive optical monitoring of the concentration of multiple gases and/or multiple parameters at multiple points for obtaining and monitoring the methane concentration in offshore platforms and onshore structures, and also in the fields of mining, landfills and other industrial sectors. The system consists in the sending, by a remote fibre optic unit, of a frequency-modulated light pulse (intra-pulse modulation) that is optically selected and directed at optical splitters and delay lines for various measurement points of interest, giving rise to multiple signals that interact with the methane gas in reflective sensors, that is, sensors that reflect light, returning to the remote unit a time signal from N point sensors, which is detected by a single optical receiver and the time signals of which are analysed individually by calculating the fast Fourier transform (FFT). The FFT signal thus obtained contains an amplitude A0 at the zero frequency or DC component, f0, an amplitude A1 at the same modulation frequency as the laser, f1, and an amplitude A2 at twice the original laser frequency, f2 = 2 x f1. In this way, the system makes it possible to obtain the concentrations (C) from the N sensors on the basis of the amplitudes A0, A1 and A2, by calculating the mean (M) between log(A2/A0) and log(A2/A1), that is, M = ½ × [log(A2/A0) + log(A2/A1)], and a calibration curve, where M is invariant with respect to the optical loss of the fibre optic links and depends solely on the concentration.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01M 3/38 - Examen de l'étanchéité des structures ou ouvrages vis-à-vis d'un fluide par utilisation de la lumière
• G01N 21/17 - Systèmes dans lesquels la lumière incidente est modifiée suivant les propriétés du matériau examiné
• G01N 33/00 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par des méthodes spécifiques non couvertes par les groupes

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a method of controlling a flare gas recovery system, which meets all possible operational scenarios in a primary oil processing plant in a completely continuous, stable and transparent manner for the operator. In particular, the steps performed in the method proposed here include Initialization and Checking the availability of the main compressor, and Monitoring the system inlet pressure and Adjusting the compressor request. More precisely, the method described by the present invention is capable of operating in four operating modes, which comprise: a) a volume accumulation scenario for startup, referring to a system switched on with no compressor yet operating; b) a low burn scenario, referring to a system connected with a single compressor in operation; c) a high burn scenario, referring to a system connected with two compressors in operation; and d) a scenario of high sequential burns, referring to a system connected in “switch mode” between compressors.

Classes IPC  ?

• F23G 5/50 - Commande ou dispositifs de sécurité
• F23G 7/08 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets particuliers ou de combustibles pauvres, p. ex. des produits chimiques de gaz d'évacuation ou de gaz nocifs, p. ex. de gaz d'échappement utilisant des torchères, p. ex. dans des cheminées

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a deliquescent desiccant material, preferably for the dehydration of natural gas, which comprises the steps of (a) preparing a solution comprising water, alcohol, a weak base and a deliquescent salt; (b) stirring the solution obtained in (a) until complete dissolution of the deliquescent salt; (c) adding a silica precursor to the solution obtained in (b), and stirring for sufficient time for the mixing to be complete; and (d) keeping the solution obtained in (c) in an oven, until the liquid has completely evaporated. The present invention also relates to a deliquescent desiccant material, and to the use of said material for drying gases.

Classes IPC  ?

• B01D 53/28 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme agents desséchants
• B01D 53/26 - Séchage des gaz ou vapeurs
• B01J 20/10 - Compositions absorbantes ou adsorbantes solides ou compositions facilitant la filtrationAbsorbants ou adsorbants pour la chromatographieProcédés pour leur préparation, régénération ou réactivation contenant une substance inorganique contenant de la silice ou un silicate
• B01J 20/28 - Compositions absorbantes ou adsorbantes solides ou compositions facilitant la filtrationAbsorbants ou adsorbants pour la chromatographieProcédés pour leur préparation, régénération ou réactivation caractérisées par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques
• B01J 20/30 - Procédés de préparation, de régénération ou de réactivation

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a process for preparing fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts having porosity and accessibility controlled by the activity of water-soluble porogens. The catalyst produced can be used as an additive for fluid cracking, as additives for SOx and NOx reduction, as a combustion promoter and reduction of sulfur in cracked naphtha. It can also be used in hydrocracking, as a support for hydrotreating catalysts, catalytic pyrolysis of post-consumer polymers (rubber tires, plastic films, and so on) and pyrolysis of biomass.

Classes IPC  ?

• B01J 29/08 - Zéolites aluminosilicates cristallinesLeurs composés isomorphes du type faujasite, p. ex. du type X ou Y
• B01J 35/32 - Masse volumique apparente
• B01J 35/51 - Sphères
• B01J 35/61 - Surface spécifique
• B01J 35/63 - Volume des pores
• B01J 35/70 - Catalyseurs caractérisés par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques, en général caractérisés par leurs propriétés cristallines, p. ex. semi-cristallines
• B01J 37/02 - Imprégnation, revêtement ou précipitation
• B01J 37/03 - PrécipitationCo-précipitation
• B01J 37/12 - Oxydation
• B01J 37/30 - Échange d'ions
• C10G 11/05 - Alumino-silicates cristallins, p. ex. tamis moléculaires
• C10G 11/18 - Craquage catalytique, en l'absence d'hydrogène, des huiles d'hydrocarbures avec catalyseurs solides mobiles préchauffés selon la technique du "lit fluidisé"

Abrégé

In a first aspect, a Torpedo-type Support-Pile Module (SPM) is disclosed, which includes a panel for wet connection, a burial restrictor device, and a base jointly mounted to a Seismic Sensor Module (SSM), which houses a combination of a pressure sensor with particle velocity or particle acceleration sensors, in addition to inclination sensors. In a second aspect, a telescopic-type SPM is disclosed, which includes a panel for wet connection, a base jointly mounted to a SSM, and at least two cylindrical sections capable of being inserted into each other, thereby reducing the storage and transport volume of the SPM. The panel of any one of the SPMs is connected to a wet connector of a Subsea Seismic Data Acquisition Module (SSDAM), the SSDAM in turn providing power to the seismic sensors of the SSM during the seismic data capture. At the end of the capture, the seismic sensors send the acquired data to a memory located in the SSDAM, and the connection between the panel and the connector is finally disconnected. Also disclosed are seismic data acquisition methods and a seismic survey system, for the purposes of permanent marine seismic monitoring related to SPMs. Advantageously, this methodology has the possibility of applying part of the logistics described above in reverse, so that, at the end of the seismic data acquisition campaigns or even when convenient, the telescopic-type SPMs can be removed, freeing the seabed of such items and leaving the same as it was before installation.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01V 1/38 - SéismologieProspection ou détection sismique ou acoustique spécialement adaptées aux zones recouvertes d'eau
• G01V 1/18 - Éléments récepteurs, p. ex. sismomètre, géophone

Abrégé

The present disclosure relates to embodiments of alarm management methods and systems, which allow mapping the actual process of responding to alarms in a specific technical area. The mapping contributes to better effectiveness of alarm systems, thereby avoiding stops or even process accidents. An embodiment of a method includes obtaining an original record, performing a pre-processing application on the original record, grouping of cases, performing application of descriptive statistics, performing application of present percentage and expansion of occurrences, constructing an activity table with mining application, and providing technical data.

Classes IPC  ?

• G08B 31/00 - Systèmes d'alarme à prédiction caractérisés par une extrapolation ou un autre type de calcul utilisant des données historiques mises à jour
• G08B 27/00 - Systèmes d'alarme dans lesquels la condition déclenchant l'alarme est signalée par une station centrale à plusieurs sous-stations

Abrégé

The present invention proposes the use of microcapsules containing acids in its interior to adjust the pH of the scale inhibitor in oil reservoirs. The microcapsules are comprised of an inner moiety with organic or inorganic acid and an outer moiety comprised of an oil-soluble polymeric material at the reservoir temperature. The microcapsules open due to the effect of the reservoir temperature, releasing the acid into the corrosion inhibitor, hence changing its pH. The present invention further proposes a method of treatment using scale inhibitors using microcapsules containing acids in its interior to adjust the pH of the scale inhibitor in oil reservoirs, wherein the method comprises the steps of (a) preparing the scale inhibitor product; (b) pumping the inhibitor solution prepared into the standpipe manifold; (c) adding the acidic microcapsules to the scale inhibitor; and (d) injecting the inhibitor solution mixture containing the acidic microcapsules into the production well column.

Classes IPC  ?

• C09K 8/528 - Compositions pour éviter, limiter ou éliminer les dépôts, p. ex. pour le nettoyage les dépôts inorganiques, p. ex. sulfates ou carbonates
• E21B 37/06 - Procédés ou appareils pour nettoyer les trous de forage ou les puits utilisant des moyens chimiques pour empêcher ou limiter le dépôt de paraffine ou de substances analogues

Abrégé

The present invention belongs to the field of technologies aimed at production units with difficulties in dispersing gases from pressure relief systems. More specifically, the present invention relates to a gas dispersion intensifier assembly for a pressure relief system, which comprises: at least one blower; and a gas dispersion pipe with a gas outlet nozzle; wherein at least one blower is arranged externally and in the vicinity of the gas outlet nozzle, and projects an air flow toward the gas flow expelled by the gas outlet nozzle.

Classes IPC  ?

• B63J 2/08 - VentilationConditionnement d'air des cales
• B63B 17/00 - Éléments, détails ou accessoires de navires, non prévus ailleurs

Abrégé

The present invention describes a device with a jig for cutting clay mineral slides oriented for analyses of the X-ray diffractometry technique. The device speeds up the preparation of the clay mineral slide and guarantees the standardization of the final size of the material, for subsequent fitting into the holder of the manufacturer of the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) equipment. The device of the present invention can be manufactured from polyacetal and basically comprises at least one fixing screw, at least one orientation guide base and at least one removable holder. The device can be fully applied to any XRD analysis that is performed on glass slides. Examples of interested parties are the mining, cement and oil industries and other fields of exploration of mineral resources.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 1/06 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état solide, p. ex. par coupe à l'outil procurant une tranche mince, p. ex. "microtome"

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a biocidal composition and a method for eliminating invasive corals of the genus Tubastraea (sun coral) in a marine environment, using polymeric gels for in situ application to cover the surface of bioscaling, which act through a suffocation mechanism and/or poisoning through the administration of chemical biocides, with maximum lethality after 72 hours of up to 94%, for a single application.

Classes IPC  ?

• A01N 59/00 - Biocides, produits repoussant ou attirant les animaux nuisibles, ou régulateurs de croissance des végétaux, contenant des éléments ou des composés inorganiques
• A01N 25/04 - Dispersions ou gels
• A01P 15/00 - Biocides utilisés à des fins particulières non prévues dans les groupes

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a multifunctional hybrid catalyst with niobium and tin supported on hexagonal mesoporous silicas (HMSNb—Sn), synthesis process thereof through isomorphic substitutions and the process for obtaining biodegradable lubricating base oils using said catalyst.

Classes IPC  ?

• B01J 23/20 - Vanadium, niobium ou tantale
• B01J 21/08 - Silice
• B01J 35/30 - Catalyseurs caractérisés par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques, en général caractérisés par leurs propriétés physiques
• B01J 35/45 - Nanoparticules
• B01J 35/61 - Surface spécifique
• B01J 35/63 - Volume des pores
• B01J 35/64 - Diamètre des pores
• B01J 37/00 - Procédés de préparation des catalyseurs, en généralProcédés d'activation des catalyseurs, en général
• B01J 37/02 - Imprégnation, revêtement ou précipitation
• B01J 37/03 - PrécipitationCo-précipitation
• B01J 37/04 - Mélange
• B01J 37/08 - Traitement thermique
• C07C 67/26 - Préparation d'esters d'acides carboxyliques par réaction d'acides carboxyliques ou de leurs dérivés avec une liaison éther carbone-oxygène, p. ex. acétal, tétrahydrofuranne avec un cycle oxirane
• C10M 105/34 - Esters d'acides monocarboxyliques
• C10N 20/00 - Propriétés physiques particulières des constituants des compositions lubrifiantes
• C10N 20/02 - ViscositéIndice de viscosité

Abrégé

The present invention pertains to the field of measurement, monitoring and systematic supervision of carbon management and energy performance in oil and gas production and exploration units. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of monitoring energy and carbon performance for stationary production units that comprises: identifying stored operational data on energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions; structuring the operational data of interest; calculating at least one energy and carbon performance indicator corresponding to at least one level of a stationary production unit (SPU) among: installation, system, equipment, or a combination thereof; connecting information and structured data obtained from the operational data of one or more stored SPU levels; and building a display panel to display one or more displays that present the calculated performance indicators in real time. The present invention also describes an energy and carbon performance monitoring system for stationary production units.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06Q 50/06 - Fourniture d’énergie ou d’eau
• G06F 17/11 - Opérations mathématiques complexes pour la résolution d'équations

Abrégé

The present invention refers to a system and method for construction and completion of wells in the pre-salt production and injection fields. The application of the present invention allows a reduction in well construction time of approximately seven days considering the drilling and completion of the well. The system comprises string accessories, cement, AMB, production string, casings, HFIV, fluid, wellhead system, subsea equipment, DHSV and packer. The method aims at reducing one well phase, resulting in three drilling phases, with the running in of only two casings and the completion in an open well with part of the same exposed to the saline formation, herein called 2R-PAC.

Classes IPC  ?

• E21B 7/18 - Forage par action de jets de liquides ou de gaz, avec ou sans entraînement de grenaille
• E21B 10/26 - Trépans avec une partie pilote, c.-à-d. trépans comportant un organe coupant piloteTrépans pour élargir le trou de forage, p. ex. alésoirs
• E21B 49/00 - Test pour déterminer la nature des parois des trous de forageEssais de couchesProcédés ou appareils pour prélever des échantillons du terrain ou de fluides en provenance des puits, spécialement adaptés au forage du sol ou aux puits

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a method for assessing the quality of LWD (Logging While Drilling) image logs, comprising the processing of a plurality of LWD image logs; subdividing the LWD image logs into smaller pseudo-images of the same size; performing the normalization of each pseudo-image of the LWD image logs; and classifying the LWD image log according to its quality, which comprises classifying a plurality of sections of the LWD image log into three quality categories, including: good, medium or poor, using a trained neural network model for quality assessment of the LWD image log.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06T 7/00 - Analyse d'image
• E21B 47/002 - Relevés dans les trous de forage ou dans les puits par inspection visuelle

Abrégé

The present invention relates to the composition of calcite impregnated with chemical tracer, process for obtaining the same and process for identifying the origin of scale through mapping the tracer incorporated in the calcite, which is added to a viscous gel-based mattress. The present invention further comprises the use of said composition to identify the source of calcium carbonate scale in a well. Thus, it is possible to verify whether the origin of the calcium carbonate in the scale formed in the production column comes from the material injected into the well. Once this occurrence is confirmed, it is possible to plan ways to mitigate scale formation through material to combat circulation loss, thus avoiding production losses associated with scale formation.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 33/28 - Huiles

Abrégé

The present invention discloses, according to a preferred embodiment thereof, a tool for inspection of the condition of the internal surface of pipes, which comprises at least one PIG structural body, a plurality of eddy current sensors, and a pressure vessel housing a set of electronics in a tight manner inside the same. Furthermore, an inspection method using said inspection tool is disclosed.

Classes IPC  ?

• F16L 55/40 - Caractéristiques de structure du corps
• F16L 101/30 - Vérification, mesure ou test
• G01N 27/9013 - Dispositions de balayage
• G01N 27/904 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'emploi de moyens électriques, électrochimiques ou magnétiques en recherchant des variables magnétiques pour rechercher la présence des criques en utilisant les courants de Foucault avec plusieurs capteurs

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a biocidal composition and to a method for eliminating invasive corals of the genus Tubastraea (sun coral) in marine environments, using polymeric gels for local application to cover the surface of the biofouling, which act as a suffocation and/or poisoning mechanism by administering chemical biocides, with a maximum lethality after 72 hours of up to 94% for a single application.

Classes IPC  ?

• A01N 59/08 - Chlorures des métaux alcalinsChlorures des métaux alcalino-terreux

Abrégé

This technology refers to a control process for single-controllable low-voltage microgrids (Mgs) (SCM) having centralized communication. The process is based on the “Power-Based Control” (PBC) technique by adapting it to the context of SCMs through a modified PBC process (MPBC). The technology includes a process that provides the following technical effects: (1) sharing of active power and reactive power proportionately to the capacity of distributed energy resources (DERs or DGs) in the MG, for example, rendering the use of batteries based on different technologies (lead-acid, ion-lithium, etc.) compatible; (2) compensation for the current unbalance at the point of common coupling (PAC); (3) allows exploration of battery banks by balancing the charging status of storage elements; (4) allows implementation of the control process without knowing the electrical grid's parameters and topology; (5) is able to deal with the arbitrary connection of inverters into the MG, in addition to other advantages. The technology is applied in the technical field of equipment and infrastructure for the development of MGs.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02J 3/38 - Dispositions pour l’alimentation en parallèle d’un seul réseau, par plusieurs générateurs, convertisseurs ou transformateurs
• H02J 3/18 - Dispositions pour réglage, élimination ou compensation de puissance réactive dans les réseaux
• H02J 3/32 - Dispositions pour l'équilibrage de charge dans un réseau par emmagasinage d'énergie utilisant des batteries avec moyens de conversion

Abrégé

The present disclosure relates to a subsea device for installing a seal and a corresponding method. More precisely, the seal referred to in an embodiment of the present disclosure includes an elastomeric seal temporarily installed, until a definitive repair is possible to solve the leak of fluids, such as oil, identified, for example, in large-sized vessel structures.

Classes IPC  ?

• B63B 81/00 - Réparation ou entretien des navires
• B63B 17/00 - Éléments, détails ou accessoires de navires, non prévus ailleurs

Abrégé

The present disclosure refers to an electrochemical method for the indirect monitoring of the concentration of the active matter of scale inhibitors, composed of phosphonates, based on principles of advanced oxidative processes, which is viable for quality control of scale inhibitors in onshore and offshore installations. Additionally, the present disclosure refers to an electrochemical system for the indirect monitoring of the concentration of the active matter of scale inhibitors in onshore and offshore installations.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 27/48 - Systèmes utilisant la polarographie, c.-à-d. la mesure des variations d'intensité sous une tension qui varie lentement
• G01N 27/30 - Électrodes, p. ex. électrodes pour testsDemi-cellules

Abrégé

The present invention is in the field of technologies applied to fluid transporting pipelines and, more specifically, it refers to an acousto-optical transducer and a method capable of sensing, monitoring and quantifying losses and leaks in steam plants in oil and gas, food, energy generation industries, among others. Particularly, the present invention describes an acousto-optical transducer for sensing, locating and quantifying leaks in pipelines and equipment for use in distributed optical sensing systems. The apparatus comprises a structure that maximizes the acoustic sensitivity of the fiber, consisting of a housing; a waveguide; a membrane; and a membrane attachment bracket for supporting the membrane; wherein the waveguide is helically arranged and rigidly fixed under the membrane. The method describes the use of the device in optical sensing systems for monitoring steam losses.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01M 3/24 - Examen de l'étanchéité des structures ou ouvrages vis-à-vis d'un fluide par utilisation d'un fluide ou en faisant le vide par détection de la présence du fluide à l'emplacement de la fuite en utilisant des vibrations infrasonores, sonores ou ultrasonores
• F17D 5/06 - Prévention, interception ou localisation des pertes utilisant des moyens électriques ou acoustiques
• G01M 3/38 - Examen de l'étanchéité des structures ou ouvrages vis-à-vis d'un fluide par utilisation de la lumière

Abrégé

Soil maps are rarely used for the elaboration of road layouts, and there are no known algorithms that incorporate soil information dynamically. The best way to incorporate this knowledge of soils is to interpret the soil maps into a derived (interpreted) map known as the “road, pipelines and operational locations aptitude map”. This study generated an innovative algorithm that incorporates soil aptitude maps for road layouts, pipeline lines and escape routes. The novelty of the algorithm is that this aptitude information (interpreted from a map of soil classes) is collated together with relief and hydrography information. Thus, it is hypothesized that, in addition to the characteristics of the relief and proximity of watercourses, the soil map can help the decision-maker to unveil regions with serious problems that increase the costs of construction and maintenance of roads, pipelines, escape routes and operating locations.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06Q 10/0631 - Planification, affectation, distribution ou ordonnancement de ressources d’entreprises ou d’organisations
• G06Q 10/047 - Optimisation des itinéraires ou des chemins, p. ex. problème du voyageur de commerce

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a method for obtaining an anti-corrosive adhesive repair patch made from discarded PET bottles using the phase inversion technique by complete precipitation of recycled PET. The resulting film can be used as an adhesive patch and can be applied to any metal surface whether painted or not, without preparing the surface, which removes steps from the painting process and makes the method disclosed in the present invention less costly. Said adhesive repair patch is easy to apply by simply removing the liner and applying the patch to the structure, without the need for specialized labour, has a durability of a minimum of 2 years, and can be removed or not for maintenance painting. If removed, the adhesive PET patch comes off easily using a conventional hydroblasting method.

Classes IPC  ?

• C09J 123/26 - Adhésifs à base d'homopolymères ou de copolymères d'hydrocarbures aliphatiques non saturés ne possédant qu'une seule liaison double carbone-carboneAdhésifs à base de dérivés de tels polymères modifiés par post-traitement chimique
• C09J 127/22 - Adhésifs à base d'homopolymères ou de copolymères de composés possédant un ou plusieurs radicaux aliphatiques non saturés, chacun ne contenant qu'une seule liaison double carbone-carbone et l'un au moins étant terminé par un halogèneAdhésifs à base de dérivés de tels polymères modifiés par post-traitement chimique
• C08J 11/26 - Récupération ou traitement des résidus des polymères par coupure des chaînes moléculaires des polymères ou rupture des liaisons de réticulation par voie chimique, p. ex. dévulcanisation par traitement avec une substance organique par traitement avec des composés organiques contenant de l'oxygène contenant des groupes acide carboxylique, leurs anhydrides ou esters

Abrégé

The present invention consists of the formulation of Petroleum Asphalt Cement (CAP) produced by the asphalt residue (RASF) or vacuum residue (RV) using Plastic Pyrolysis Oil (OPP) as an alternative diluent and may optionally consist of elemental sulfur as well as typically fossil diluents with reduced levels. The present invention further describes the process for obtaining said CAP composition.

Classes IPC  ?

• C08L 95/00 - Compositions contenant des matières bitumeuses, p. ex. asphalte, goudron ou brai
• C08K 3/06 - Soufre

Abrégé

The invention is part of methods for separating microorganisms from their culture media and aims at solving the low efficiency and high environmental impact of processes for recovering oil-producing microalgae. For this purpose, the invention provides for the application of magnetic nanoparticles of bacterial origin (NMOBs) in processes for isolating microalgae from a cell culture or from a suspension of salt water or an effluent. NMOBs are particularly capable of recovering microalgae from hypersaline suspensions, favoring the use of marine microalgae in the production of oils with potential application in bio-oil and biofuel production processes. In addition to the use of NMOBs, the invention also provides for a process for recovering microalgae based on the addition of NMOBs to the microalgae suspension and subsequent application of external magnetic force.

Classes IPC  ?

• C12N 1/12 - Algues unicellulairesLeurs milieux de culture
• C12N 1/02 - Séparation des micro-organismes de leurs milieux de culture

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a method for reconstructing a Digital Outcrop Model (DOM), comprising placing an image acquisition device; capturing, processing and aligning a plurality of images; generating a sparse alignment cloud and performing its densification to generate a dense cloud; performing a first segmentation of the dense cloud into two portions based on two categories of geological relevance levels; carrying out decimation of the dense cloud portion of the low geological relevance category; joining the two portions of dense cloud; generating a three-dimensional triangular mesh; performing a second segmentation of the three-dimensional triangular mesh into two portions based on two categories of geological relevance levels; carrying out decimation of the three-dimensional triangular mesh portions of the low and high geological relevance categories; carrying out texturing of the three-dimensional triangular mesh portions of the high and low geological relevance categories; and joining the two three-dimensional triangular mesh portions to form an object defined as DOM.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06T 17/20 - Description filaire, p. ex. polygonalisation ou tessellation
• G06T 3/4023 - Changement d'échelle d’images complètes ou de parties d’image, p. ex. agrandissement ou rétrécissement basé sur la décimation de pixels ou de lignes de pixelsChangement d'échelle d’images complètes ou de parties d’image, p. ex. agrandissement ou rétrécissement basé sur l’insertion de pixels ou de lignes de pixels
• G06T 7/10 - DécoupageDétection de bords
• G06V 10/24 - Alignement, centrage, détection de l’orientation ou correction de l’image

Abrégé

This invention encompasses a system and a method used in the petrochemical and mechanical engineering area, more specifically in the area of protecting pipes or similarly shaped objects against external or internal damage or wear, which comprises a protective system for the ends and the inside of coated pipes, using the coating itself and other additional devices. The system is comprised of a cup (1), spacer (2), coating (3), external ring (4), and cap (5) used in the production line of the pipe-coating process, using the external coating itself, preventing corrosion and mechanical damage at the ends/bevel, in the sandblasted area of the collar and internal surface, from storage and transport to the location where it will be used, and welding in the field or on the vessel.

Classes IPC  ?

• F16L 57/06 - Protection des tuyaux ou d'objets de forme similaire contre les dommages ou les usures internes ou externes contre l'usure
• F16L 57/00 - Protection des tuyaux ou d'objets de forme similaire contre les dommages ou les usures internes ou externes

Abrégé

The present disclosure relates to a method of drilling an investigation well by use of an auxiliary table simultaneously with the operation of a main table of a dual-activity rig, which comprises assembling and lowering the drilling BHA (Bottom-Hole Assembly) with LWD (Logging While Drilling) tools and other components, starting drilling the investigation well with control of parameters, carrying out monitoring with ROV (Remoted Operated Vehicle) on the seabed for as long as possible, working on drilling parameters to optimize the drilling, within a defined rate for data acquisition, controlling flow rate in friable formations, moving viscous plugs to clean the investigation well, carrying out the pre-tests when part of the acquisition scope, promoting circulation of seawater to clean the investigation well, and filling the investigation well with heavy fluid.

Classes IPC  ?

• E21B 7/12 - Forage sous l'eau
• E21B 21/00 - Procédés ou appareils pour nettoyer les trous de forage par jet de fluide, p. ex. en utilisant l'air d'échappement du moteur
• E21B 33/14 - Procédés ou dispositifs de cimentation, de bouchage des trous, des fissures ou analogues pour la cimentation des tubes dans les trous de forage ou de sondage
• E21B 41/00 - Matériel ou accessoires non couverts par les groupes
• E21B 44/00 - Systèmes de commande automatique spécialement adaptés aux opérations de forage, c.-à-d. systèmes à fonctionnement autonome ayant pour rôle d'exécuter ou de modifier une opération de forage sans l'intervention d'un opérateur humain, p. ex. systèmes de forage commandés par ordinateurSystèmes spécialement adaptés à la surveillance de plusieurs variables ou conditions de forage
• E21B 47/06 - Mesure de la température ou de la pression

Abrégé

The present disclosure describes a control and management system of multiphase streams in subsea oil and gas production modules. The system comprises (i) a phase separator vessel; (ii) mixing lines; (iii) multiphase, single-phase, pressure, and level variation flow rate measuring instruments; (iv) flow rate and pressure sensors; (v) automatic control valves; and (vi) cascade PID pressure, level, and pressure controllers. The present disclosure describes a control and management system of multiphase streams in subsea oil and gas production modules. The system comprises (i) a phase separator vessel; (ii) mixing lines; (iii) multiphase, single-phase, pressure, and level variation flow rate measuring instruments; (iv) flow rate and pressure sensors; (v) automatic control valves; and (vi) cascade PID pressure, level, and pressure controllers. The system control is further carried out by controlling fluid accumulation inventory, controlling the gas-liquid ratio of the stream sent to a first stationary production unit and controlling the gas-liquid ratio of the stream sent to a second stationary production unit so that a maritime field works optimally and without stoppages or bottlenecks.

Classes IPC  ?

• E21B 43/36 - Aménagements pour la séparation installés sous l'eau
• E21B 43/01 - Procédés ou dispositifs pour l'extraction de pétrole, de gaz, d'eau ou de matériaux solubles ou fusibles ou d'une suspension de matières minérales à partir de puits spécialement adaptés à l'extraction à partir d'installations sous l'eau

Abrégé

The present disclosure refers to the use of very high resolution mass spectrometry analysis methodology in combination with the use of multivariate calibration models to predict Total Acidity Number (TAN). The models are built from data of total abundance value with the application of machine learning methods for regression.

Classes IPC  ?

• G16C 20/30 - Prévision des propriétés des composés, des compositions ou des mélanges chimiques
• G01N 33/28 - Huiles
• G16C 20/70 - Apprentissage automatique, exploration de données ou chimiométrie

Abrégé

The present invention is applied in the interpretation and processing of data from the PLT (Production Logging Tool) tool that are obtained during a cased well formation test. The present invention reduces the randomness of interpretation using an inverse method that does not require user zoning. For this, it is assumed that the function is increasing (valid in the vast majority of cases, otherwise there would need to be a cross flow) and that the solution is smooth, which is valid for the discretization used by this invention.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06F 30/28 - Optimisation, vérification ou simulation de l’objet conçu utilisant la dynamique des fluides, p. ex. les équations de Navier-Stokes ou la dynamique des fluides numérique [DFN]

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a method for predicting the restart of paraffinic oil flow by being able to estimate the precipitated paraffin fraction under conditions of production stoppage through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests and rheological evaluation, to predict the yield stress (TLE) profiles in pipes containing gelled paraffinic petroleum and the time interval until line blockage formation (available waiting time—TED).

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 25/48 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de moyens thermiques en recherchant la production de quantités de chaleur, c.-à-d. la calorimétrie, p. ex. en mesurant la chaleur spécifique, en mesurant la conductivité thermique sur une solution, sorption ou réaction chimique n'impliquant pas une oxydation par combustion ou catalyse
• G06F 30/28 - Optimisation, vérification ou simulation de l’objet conçu utilisant la dynamique des fluides, p. ex. les équations de Navier-Stokes ou la dynamique des fluides numérique [DFN]
• G06F 111/10 - Modélisation numérique
• G06F 113/08 - Fluides
• G06F 119/08 - Analyse thermique ou optimisation thermique
• G06F 119/14 - Analyse des forces ou optimisation des forces, p. ex. forces statiques ou dynamiques

Abrégé

The present invention relates to coupling/uncoupling and support mechanisms for connecting bend stiffeners to bellmouths, and aims to optimize pull-in and pull-out operations, reduce operating costs and times, and also completely replace shallow dives by operations without associated man-hours exposed to risk, such as those carried out using remotely-operated vehicles (ROVs). The proposed solution envisages a mechanism for coupling/uncoupling and supporting a bend stiffener, comprising a frontal actuation means, which has the feature of being easy to access and operate using ROVs, thereby replacing the multiple latch mechanisms used previously.

Classes IPC  ?

• E21B 17/02 - AccouplementsJoints
• E21B 17/01 - Colonnes montantes pour têtes de puits immergées
• E21B 19/00 - Manipulation de tiges, tubages, tubes ou autre objets analogues à l'extérieur du trou de forage, p. ex. dans la tour de forageAppareils pour faire avancer les tiges ou les câbles
• E21B 43/01 - Procédés ou dispositifs pour l'extraction de pétrole, de gaz, d'eau ou de matériaux solubles ou fusibles ou d'une suspension de matières minérales à partir de puits spécialement adaptés à l'extraction à partir d'installations sous l'eau
• F16L 37/084 - Accouplements du type à action rapide dans lesquels l'assemblage entre les extrémités s'aboutant ou se chevauchant est maintenu par des organes de blocage combinés à un verrouillage automatique
• F16L 37/14 - Raccords par insertion d'un élément entre surfaces à unir, p. ex. par un bout de fil, une goupille, une chaîne

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a method for storing chemical products or their solutions in reservoir rock. In said method, the cargo boat containing the chemical product to be stored in the reservoir is connected to the production platform through an appropriate connection and connecting to the well header. The product is pumped through the chemical product capture line using a triplex chemical injection pump aligned to the head of the production or injection well. The product is pumped through the surface lines, riser and subsea line and, passing through the WCT, it is injected into the reservoir through the production or injection string.

Classes IPC  ?

• E21B 43/16 - Procédés de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures
• C09K 8/584 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c.-à-d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p. ex. fluides de déplacement caractérisées par l'utilisation de tensio-actifs spécifiques
• E21B 43/017 - Stations satellites, c.-à-d. installations sous l'eau comprenant plusieurs têtes de puits satellites reliées à une station centrale

Abrégé

The present invention relates to the field of organic geochemistry wherein a method for accessing high molecular mass aromatic hydrocarbons and diamondoids was developed from comprehensive characterization carried out by high resolution spectrometry coupled with the atmospheric pressure photoionization source (APPI FT-ICR MS). Based on the compositional profile of diamondoids and aromatic hydrocarbons, it is possible to quickly and robustly classify oils in relation to their origin and thermal evolution. It is verified that the compositional detail provided by the APPI(+)-FT-ICR MS analysis allowed the development of new molecular indicators, accessed without the need for any preliminary separation technique, in order to become a powerful tool for prospecting the use of oils exploited for specific purposes.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 33/28 - Huiles
• G01N 1/38 - Dilution, dispersion ou mélange des échantillons
• H01J 49/38 - Omégatrons

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a process for capturing CO2 on a large scale using aqueous solutions of zwitterionic bases by contacting a gas stream containing one or more acid gases with said solutions. The internal salts obtained in the present invention have the advantage of not being volatile, being less susceptible to chemical and thermal decomposition, and also have lower absorption enthalpy. The present invention can be used in various industry sectors, such as in the energy sector, for capturing CO2 from exhaust gases, in the chemical sector, for removing CO2 from the gas streams of catalytic processes in which the CO2 can poison the catalysts, and, in particular, in the oil and gas sector, for purifying natural gas.

Classes IPC  ?

• B01D 53/14 - Séparation de gaz ou de vapeursRécupération de vapeurs de solvants volatils dans les gazÉpuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p. ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par absorption
• B01D 53/62 - Oxydes de carbone
• B01D 53/78 - Procédés en phase liquide avec un contact gaz-liquide
• B01D 53/96 - Régénération, réactivation ou recyclage des réactifs
• C07D 233/58 - Composés hétérocycliques contenant des cycles diazole-1, 3 ou diazole-1, 3 hydrogéné, non condensés avec d'autres cycles comportant deux liaisons doubles entre chaînons cycliques ou entre chaînons cycliques et chaînons non cycliques avec uniquement des atomes d'hydrogène ou des radicaux ne contenant que des atomes d'hydrogène et de carbone, liés aux atomes de carbone du cycle avec uniquement des atomes d'hydrogène ou des radicaux ne contenant que des atomes d'hydrogène et de carbone, liés aux atomes d'azote du cycle

Abrégé

The present invention addresses to a process for producing olefins and esters in the C10 to C13 range from fatty acid esters through a catalytic hydrogenation reaction followed by cross-metathesis of the hydrogenated product with light olefins.

Classes IPC  ?

• C07C 1/213 - Préparation d'hydrocarbures à partir d'un ou plusieurs composés, aucun d'eux n'étant un hydrocarbure à partir de composés organiques ne renfermant que des atomes d'oxygène en tant qu'hétéro-atomes à partir de composés carbonylés par scission d'esters
• B01D 3/14 - Distillation fractionnée
• B01J 21/04 - Alumine
• B01J 21/18 - Carbone
• B01J 23/44 - Palladium
• B01J 23/50 - Argent
• B01J 31/22 - Complexes organiques
• B01J 31/24 - Phosphines
• C07C 7/04 - Purification, séparation ou stabilisation d'hydrocarburesEmploi d'additifs par distillation
• C07C 68/00 - Préparation des esters de l'acide carbonique ou de l'acide formique halogéné
• C07C 68/08 - PurificationSéparationStabilisation

Abrégé

The invention teaches a method proposing two new indices for evaluating thermal evolution in oils from different basins and organofacies. The first index is based on the distribution ratio of high molecular weight sulfur compounds, belonging to the DBE 6 (benzothiophene) and DBE 9 (dibenzothiophene) series. The second index, called TEI, was created from the profile of aromatic hydrocarbons and molecules containing N, O and S. Both parameters were obtained from the direct characterization of the oils, by using the photoionization at atmospheric pressure (APPI) technique combined with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS).

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 24/14 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de la résonance magnétique nucléaire, de la résonance paramagnétique électronique ou d'autres effets de spin en utilisant la résonance cyclotron
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a method for optimization and recovery of second-generation sugar diluted stream, comprising pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis and mainly washing the residual solid from the enzymatic hydrolysis, which allows the increase of sugar recovery. The use of this sugar diluted stream is crucial for process integration, may have different possibilities of use, for example, can be applied in the mechanical refining step, microorganisms propagation, enzyme production, fermentation, enzymatic hydrolysis, including combination of uses.

Classes IPC  ?

• C08H 8/00 - Composés macromoléculaires dérivés de matériaux lignocellulosiques
• B01D 61/58 - Procédés à plusieurs étapes
• C12P 19/04 - Polysaccharides, c.-à-d. composés contenant plus de cinq radicaux saccharide reliés entre eux par des liaisons glucosidiques
• C12P 19/14 - Préparation de composés contenant des radicaux saccharide préparés par action d'une carbohydrase, p. ex. par action de l'alpha-amylase

Abrégé

The present invention refers to a method for obtaining the velocity field when restarting the flow of complex materials in a transient regime, comprising: defining the number of pairs of images to be obtained; defining the time parameters between pulses and frequency; obtaining and recording a plurality of pairs of images; processing the recorded pairs of images; checking the tracer particle displacement criterion; extracting the first frame of each image from each pair of images; uniting the first frames extracted from each image of each pair of images according to the displacement criterion of the tracer particles, creating new pairs of image frames; calculating the time correction factor between frames of the frames of each of the new pairs of image frames; applying correlation overlap to calculate flow velocity vectors; correlating the images of the new pairs of image frames, using adaptive correlation; obtaining the flow velocity vector map; calculating and applying the correction factor to obtain another vector map; applying a vector statistical function with the corrected velocity; obtaining the flow velocity profile in a transient regime; and obtaining the deformation map in a transient regime.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06T 7/246 - Analyse du mouvement utilisant des procédés basés sur les caractéristiques, p. ex. le suivi des coins ou des segments
• F17D 5/00 - Protection ou surveillance des installations
• G06T 7/215 - Découpage basé sur le mouvement

Abrégé

It addresses to a process and device capable of mitigating electric arc faults in electrical panels as quickly as a few milliseconds. The technology uses power thyristors that, after detecting the arc, make the electrical connection of the panel's input bus to ground potential in a controlled manner, diverting the arc currents to this preferred path and forcing their extinction. The proposed suppressor device has improved features, as it includes a “snubber” that forms with the current limiting impedance with inductive reactive component a resonant circuit of Resistance, Inductance (L) and Capacitance (RLC). The “snubber” is capable of mitigating adverse consequences of the RLC circuit voltage transient due to the thyristor shutdown, protecting the same against voltage rises and spurious triggers and limiting the voltage on the panel bus to values below those capable of sustaining the arc fault. The technology relates to equipment for industrial and commercial electrical systems, specifically load distribution centers (LDC) or motor control centers (MCC), which can be configured as a compartment within a LDC or MCC.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02H 7/22 - Circuits de protection de sécurité spécialement adaptés aux machines ou aux appareils électriques de types particuliers ou pour la protection sectionnelle de systèmes de câble ou de ligne, et effectuant une commutation automatique dans le cas d'un changement indésirable des conditions normales de travail pour appareillage de distribution, p. ex. système de barre omnibusCircuits de protection de sécurité spécialement adaptés aux machines ou aux appareils électriques de types particuliers ou pour la protection sectionnelle de systèmes de câble ou de ligne, et effectuant une commutation automatique dans le cas d'un changement indésirable des conditions normales de travail pour dispositifs de commutation
• H02H 1/00 - Détails de circuits de protection de sécurité

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a submarine system for generating and distributing electric power, comprising: one or more rotodynamic systems for generating electric power, provided with a set of rotating apparatuses; at least one central electric power distribution station; and at least one static or dynamic flow pattern homogenization/rectification device, wherein the flow of one or more productive reservoirs is channeled to at least one collector tube feeding one or more rotodynamic systems for generating electric power, which allow the creation of generation and distribution power stations and/or networks to maximize submarine electric power production (increase of the installed power capacity) in a non-intermittent manner using the submarine arrangement of the production system of the field and/or productive region connected to the stationary production unit (SPU).

Classes IPC  ?

• F03B 13/10 - Ensembles fonctionnels immergés comportant génératrices ou moteurs électriques
• F03B 13/06 - Centrales ou ensembles machine-appareil du type à accumulation d'eau
• F03G 7/04 - Mécanismes produisant une puissance mécanique, non prévus ailleurs ou utilisant une source d'énergie non prévue ailleurs utilisant les différences de pression ou les différences thermiques existant dans la nature

Abrégé

This technology is a process for controlling low voltage microgrids (MGs) with centralized communication, based on the “Power-Based Control” (PBC) technique adapting the same to a modified PBC (MPBC) process. The technology provides the following technical effects: 1) sharing of active power and reactive power proportionally to the capacity of distributed energy resources (DERs) of the MG; 2) power unbalance compensation at the point of common coupling (PCC or PAC in Portuguese); 3) the process can be implemented without knowing the parameters and topology of the power grid; 4) ability to handle the arbitrary connection of inverters in the MG; 5) it makes possible to distinguish between DERs connected to the MG in both types of connection: phase-phase and phase-neutral, wherein single-phase DERs connected arbitrarily between the phases share the amounts of balanced power, while the unbalanced and homopolar powers are steered only to the inverters connected between phase and neutral; 6) it allows the connection of the MG to multiple PCCs and also the operation in isolated mode (“islanded”). The technology is applied in the technical field of equipment and infrastructure for the development of MGs.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02J 3/48 - Dispositions pour l’alimentation en parallèle d’un seul réseau, par plusieurs générateurs, convertisseurs ou transformateurs contrôlant la répartition de puissance entre les générateurs, convertisseurs ou transformateurs contrôlant la répartition de la composante en phase
• H02J 3/38 - Dispositions pour l’alimentation en parallèle d’un seul réseau, par plusieurs générateurs, convertisseurs ou transformateurs
• H02J 3/50 - Dispositions pour l’alimentation en parallèle d’un seul réseau, par plusieurs générateurs, convertisseurs ou transformateurs contrôlant la répartition de puissance entre les générateurs, convertisseurs ou transformateurs contrôlant la répartition de la composante déphasée

Abrégé

The present invention pertains to the technical field of oil and gas; more specifically to the field of risers and flow line connections to offshore structures, and describes a pull-in cable deflector system in keelhauling of rigid risers comprising: a deflector assembly including a deflector device housed in a structural block, a sliding structure, at least two rails. The deflector device installed in the structural block is moved through a sliding structure on rails installed forward of the URB to the different pull-in or pull-out positions in keelhauling of rigid risers. The structural block is slidably mounted on a base frame by means of a system of sliding supports to perform a first adjustment of the transverse distance from the deflector device to the URB. The deflector device is then rotated around the vertical line depending on the azimuth of the support tube. A second adjustment of the transverse distance of the deflector device is performed during the pull-in operation.

Classes IPC  ?

• E21B 19/00 - Manipulation de tiges, tubages, tubes ou autre objets analogues à l'extérieur du trou de forage, p. ex. dans la tour de forageAppareils pour faire avancer les tiges ou les câbles
• E21B 17/01 - Colonnes montantes pour têtes de puits immergées

Abrégé

The present invention describes a composition that comprises viscous mattresses and calcite impregnated with scale inhibitors. In a second embodiment, the present invention relates to the process of preparing said composition. In another embodiment, a process for combating the circulation loss including the application, within the reservoir, of said composition during the drilling a well, is disclosed.

Classes IPC  ?

• C09K 8/588 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c.-à-d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p. ex. fluides de déplacement caractérisées par l'utilisation de polymères spécifiques

Abrégé

The present invention contemplates the distribution and network connection of instrumentation units, wherein each consists of a firmware based on a microcontroller and temperature and vibration sensors. These units, designated as measurement nodes, are installed at various points along the casing of the pieces of equipment that make up a subsea submersible centrifugal pump (SCP), enabling the characterization of temperature profiles and different modes of vibration throughout the body of the drive, opening the possibility of relating the operational condition to the measured data and of performing predictive actions that promote the increase of the useful life of the pieces of equipment. The present invention also contemplates the boarding of a microcontroller unit for processing the sensor signals. In addition to processing vibration components sampled at high frequency, the microcontroller unit will enable the transmission of such signals at low frequency to the platform. There will also be the flexibility to choose, by software, the formatting of the vibration data that will be sent, preferably the Autoregressive (AR) model. The invention further proposes the installation of a dielectric oil contamination detection sensor to monitor the dielectric oil contamination of the SCP motor.

Classes IPC  ?

• F04D 15/00 - Commande, p. ex. régulation de pompes, d'installations ou de systèmes de pompage
• F04D 13/06 - Ensembles comprenant les pompes et leurs moyens d'entraînement la pompe étant entraînée par l'électricité
• G01N 27/22 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'emploi de moyens électriques, électrochimiques ou magnétiques en recherchant l'impédance en recherchant la capacité

Abrégé

The present invention describes a device for actuation in the subsea environment, precisely in the termination, maintenance, repair or re-termination of umbilical cables through an ROV. By means of the proposed device, it becomes possible to correct the termination of subsea umbilicals without having to proceed with a saturation diving to take the required termination measures. The present invention describes a device for actuation in the subsea environment, precisely in the termination, maintenance, repair or re-termination of umbilical cables through an ROV. By means of the proposed device, it becomes possible to correct the termination of subsea umbilicals without having to proceed with a saturation diving to take the required termination measures. In short, the termination device 100 of the present invention is presented in an assembly comprising: a base 1, which supports a pressing and termination structure 2, wherein the structure 2 is fed by a feeding path 3 and, the final assembly of these elements is transported, or handled, by an ROV through a handle 4. The present invention describes a device for actuation in the subsea environment, precisely in the termination, maintenance, repair or re-termination of umbilical cables through an ROV. By means of the proposed device, it becomes possible to correct the termination of subsea umbilicals without having to proceed with a saturation diving to take the required termination measures. In short, the termination device 100 of the present invention is presented in an assembly comprising: a base 1, which supports a pressing and termination structure 2, wherein the structure 2 is fed by a feeding path 3 and, the final assembly of these elements is transported, or handled, by an ROV through a handle 4. Additionally, the present invention provides a subsea termination method, comprising steps such as: previous preparation in surface; positioning in a subsea environment; preparation of the end of the hose to be terminated; positioning of the hose centrally to the termination device; pressing the connector suitable for the hose; tightness test, and terminated hose installation.

Classes IPC  ?

• F16L 1/26 - Réparation ou assemblage des tuyaux sur ou sous l'eau
• B63G 8/00 - Navires submersibles, p. ex. sous-marins
• B63G 8/04 - Superstructures
• H02G 1/14 - Méthodes ou appareils spécialement adaptés à l'installation, entretien, réparation, ou démontage des câbles ou lignes électriques pour la jonction ou la terminaison de câbles

Abrégé

The present invention pertains to the technical field of pipe inspection, wherein instrumented pipe inspection tools (“pipeline inspection tools”—pigs) are used to verify the structural integrity of said pipes and describes a pipe inspection tool comprising a tool body and at least two articulated arms, wherein each articulated arm connects the tool body to a sensor and keeps said sensor in direct contact with the inner surface of a pipe.

Classes IPC  ?

• F16L 55/40 - Caractéristiques de structure du corps

Abrégé

The present invention refers to a method for controlling a plant of separation and treatment industrial processes without chemical reaction using artificial intelligence and machine learning, aiming at improving revenues and profits obtained, as well as the performance of the system, and the technique can be applied in steps of conceptual design for a unit in operation, comprising the steps of: defining objectives and gains of the plant; delimiting the plant; evaluation in steady state of the plant; evaluation in dynamic state of the plant; and performing non-linear dynamic simulation of the plant.

Classes IPC  ?

• G05B 19/418 - Commande totale d'usine, c.-à-d. commande centralisée de plusieurs machines, p. ex. commande numérique directe ou distribuée [DNC], systèmes d'ateliers flexibles [FMS], systèmes de fabrication intégrés [IMS], productique [CIM]

Abrégé

The present invention refers to an online monitoring system for the gravitational separation of oil emulsions, more specifically, a monitoring system for the properties related to the emulsions, such as the drop size distribution (DSD) and the water content (WC), simultaneously, in pressurized and heated systems at high pressures and temperatures, respectively, using near-infrared region (NIR) spectroscopy coupled with optical microscopy. The present invention refers to an online monitoring system for the gravitational separation of oil emulsions, more specifically, a monitoring system for the properties related to the emulsions, such as the drop size distribution (DSD) and the water content (WC), simultaneously, in pressurized and heated systems at high pressures and temperatures, respectively, using near-infrared region (NIR) spectroscopy coupled with optical microscopy. The online monitoring system is innovative as it overcomes the current need of the oil industry to remove aliquots from emulsified systems under high pressure and temperature, preferably up to 70 bar (7 MPa) and 150° C., respectively, for determination of the properties of emulsions, which causes disturbances and affects the physicochemical characteristics of emulsions. Thus, the invention makes it possible to infer about the stability of the emulsions under real operating conditions by monitoring the gravitational settling of water drops dispersed in a continuous phase of oil.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 33/28 - Huiles
• G01N 21/25 - CouleurPropriétés spectrales, c.-à-d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes
• G01N 21/85 - Analyse des fluides ou solides granulés en mouvement
• G01N 21/17 - Systèmes dans lesquels la lumière incidente est modifiée suivant les propriétés du matériau examiné
• G01N 21/84 - Systèmes spécialement adaptés à des applications particulières
• G01N 35/00 - Analyse automatique non limitée à des procédés ou à des matériaux spécifiés dans un seul des groupes Manipulation de matériaux à cet effet

Abrégé

The present invention was designed as a technological package capable of implementing the removal of up to 30 cm of biofouling, normally originating from sun coral, on support vessels of ships and oil platforms, without the need for help from divers. The integration of the solution consists of a robotic platform containing a robot for flat areas and a robot for recessed areas, which sends the waste originating from the removal, capturing and crushing to a modular waste-treatment system (MSET). The operations center enables the functioning of all of the integrated systems, being housed in a support vessel, which also has a system for automatically launching and recovering the robot, the control of the robotic platform containing a software architecture capable of allowing the operator to view, plan and record the missions.

Classes IPC  ?

• B63B 59/08 - Dispositifs de nettoyage des coques des parties immergées à flot
• B63G 8/00 - Navires submersibles, p. ex. sous-marins
• B63G 8/39 - Disposition des instruments de veille sonique, p. ex. basse fréquence, sonar
• B25J 9/16 - Commandes à programme

Abrégé

The present invention refers to a device with diametral magnetic arrays for installations in magnetic SUBs, aiming the remediation and mitigation of inorganic and organic scales in production columns. The proposed magnetic device meets several specific criteria based on the magnetohydrodynamic model (MHD). After applying the said device with the proposed magnetic field, an efficiency of the scale inhibition was experimentally observed through laboratory tests, obtained from the values of the masses encrusted in the walls of the experimental bench system in the laboratory, with respect to the application without magnetic field. The device described herein can be installed in any pipeline used to transport fluids, including underwater pipelines for oil wells. These fluids can be oils, lubricants, gases, steams, water, petroleum or liquids in general.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01F 7/02 - Aimants permanents
• E21B 37/00 - Procédés ou appareils pour nettoyer les trous de forage ou les puits
• F16L 58/00 - Protection des tuyaux ou des accessoires pour tuyaux contre la corrosion ou l'entartrage
• B03C 1/033 - Éléments constitutifsOpérations auxiliaires caractérisés par le circuit magnétique
• B03C 1/28 - Bouchons et jauges magnétiques

Abrégé

The present invention relates to a device for measuring thermal conductivity comprising at least two fiber optics, at least one encapsulation, in which the first fiber optic comprises at least one section with an etched Bragg grating and is configured as a temperature measurement sensor. The second fiber optic comprises at least one section doped with calcium oxide nanoparticles, wherein the second fiber optic is configured as a thermal conductivity measurement sensor. Encapsulation involves at least one section with an etched Bragg grating and at least one section doped with calcium oxide nanoparticles.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 25/18 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de moyens thermiques en recherchant la conductivité thermique
• G01K 11/3206 - Mesure de la température basée sur les variations physiques ou chimiques, n'entrant pas dans les groupes , , ou utilisant des changements dans la transmittance, la diffusion ou la luminescence dans les fibres optiques en des endroits distincts de la fibre, p. ex. utilisant la diffusion de Bragg