Test stands are known in which vehicles have to be brought in on lifting platforms or independently and prepared for connection to the load devices.
Test stands are known in which vehicles have to be brought in on lifting platforms or independently and prepared for connection to the load devices.
In order to shorten the present set-up time and dismantling time on the test stand, a vehicle support (10) is proposed for a test stand (82) which has two longitudinal beams (12, 14), a front crossmember (22) and a rear crossmember (20) by means of which the two longitudinal beams (12, 14) are connected to each other, two bearing portions (26) which extend on the sides of the longitudinal beams (12, 14) facing away from the rear crossmember (20), two bearing portions (26) which extend on the sides of the longitudinal beams (12, 14) facing away from the front crossmember (20) and four supporting elements (36) which are attached to the four bearing portions (26). Rollers (38) are arranged at least on the two supporting elements (36) which are arranged on the sides of the longitudinal beams (12, 14) facing away from the front crossmember (22), and adapter devices (44) to which wheel hubs (46) of a vehicle (48) can be attached are attached to the supporting elements (36). Furthermore, a corresponding method for setting up a test stand with such a vehicle support is proposed.
Transmission test bench devices are known, comprising: a drive unit (10), which has a drive shaft (16); a drive unit support frame (12), via which the drive unit (10) is secured to a base structure (14); a torque transmission device (18), which has a drive element (38) that is at least indirectly torque-transmittingly connected to the drive shaft (16), and an output element (58); a transmission (22) which is to be tested and which has a transmission housing (24), an input shaft (20) that is torque-transmittingly connected to the output element (58) of the torque transmission device (18) in test mode, and an output shaft (28); a dynamometer (34), the input shaft (32) of which is at least indirectly torque-transmittingly connected to the output shaft (28) of the transmission (22) to be tested; and a dynamometer support frame (36), via which the at least one dynamometer (34) is secured to the base structure (14). In order to be able to dispense with additional stands and support frames, it is proposed that the torque transmission device (18) is radially surrounded by a securing housing (26) which has a first attachment part (62) via which the securing housing (26) is secured to the drive unit support frame (12), which has a second attachment part (92), via which the transmission housing (24) is secured to the securing housing (26), and which has a damped securing housing coupling (74), which is arranged between the two attachment parts (62, 92).
The present invention relates to a fuel cell group (10) for generating electrical energy, comprising a main fuel cell system (100) with at least one main fuel cell stack (120) and at least one auxiliary fuel cell system (200) with at least one auxiliary fuel cell stack (220), wherein the main fuel cell system (100) and the at least one auxiliary fuel cell system (200) are electrically connected in parallel, wherein the main fuel cell system (100) has a main control module (110) for variable control of a variable main operating point (HBP) and the auxiliary fuel cell system (200) has an auxiliary switching module (210) for switching between an off-state (AZ) and at least one specified on-state (EZ).
H01M 8/04225 - Dispositions auxiliaires, p. ex. pour la commande de la pression ou pour la circulation des fluides pendant le démarrage ou l’arrêtDépolarisation ou activation, p. ex. purgeMoyens pour court-circuiter les éléments à combustible défectueux pendant le démarrage
H01M 8/04992 - Procédés de commande des éléments à combustible ou des systèmes d’éléments à combustible caractérisés par la mise en œuvre d’algorithmes mathématiques ou de calcul, p. ex. les boucles de commande de rétroaction, la logique floue, les réseaux neuronaux ou l’intelligence artificielle
H01M 8/249 - Groupement d'éléments à combustible, p. ex. empilement d'éléments à combustible comprenant plusieurs groupements d'éléments à combustible, p. ex. ensembles modulaires
4.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EFFECTING AND DETERMINING A DEFECT ON A PEM FUEL CELL
The present invention relates to a system (100) and method for inducing and determining a specific fault and/or impairment on a PEM fuel cell (10). In addition to a measurement of operating parameters, a comparison of measurement signals with reference signals and a determination of whether a specific fault and/or impairment is present, a control of operating parameters in a test operation is in particular carried out according to provided stress factor patterns in which critical settings and/or courses of operating parameters are stored for the purpose of inducing faults and/or impairments on the fuel cell under test (10).
G01R 31/36 - Dispositions pour le test, la mesure ou la surveillance de l’état électrique d’accumulateurs ou de batteries, p. ex. de la capacité ou de l’état de charge
G01R 31/367 - Logiciels à cet effet, p. ex. pour le test des batteries en utilisant une modélisation ou des tables de correspondance
G01R 31/389 - Mesure de l’impédance interne, de la conductance interne ou des variables similaires
G01R 31/392 - Détermination du vieillissement ou de la dégradation de la batterie, p. ex. état de santé
H01M 8/04298 - Procédés de commande des éléments à combustible ou des systèmes d’éléments à combustible
H01M 8/10 - Éléments à combustible avec électrolytes solides
5.
TEST SYSTEM FOR TESTING AN ELECTRIC-MOTOR-DRIVEN TEST OBJECT, AND METHOD FOR CARRYING OUT TESTS FOR MEASURING DRIVE TORQUES, ROTATIONAL TORQUES OR LOAD TORQUES, OR THE HEAT GENERATION OF AN ELECTRIC-MOTOR-DRIVEN TEST OBJECT
The invention relates to various test systems for testing an electric-motor-driven test object (22), comprising a flange (18) to which an output shaft (24) of the electric-motor-driven test object (22) can be connected and which at its end opposite the output shaft (24) is connected to a shaft (14) that is mounted via an intermediate bearing (16) and is connected to a dynamometer (12), the dynamometer being electrically connected, via an inverter (26), to a control and evaluation unit (28) to which the test object (22) can be electrically connected and via which the test object (22) can be controlled. It is also known to provide mechanical brake units (40) by means of which the rotor can be blocked in order to carry out further tests. However, at very high rotational speeds and torques, the fatigue life or holding force of the brake unit (40) is insufficient. Accordingly, the invention proposes that, in addition to the braking force generated by the mechanical brake unit (40), a second, electric braking force is generated by subjecting the dynamometer (12), via the inverter (26), to a controlled torque acting in the opposite direction, by means of the control and evaluation unit (28). Small mechanical brake units (40) can thus be used.
The present invention relates to a diagnostic method (100) for diagnosing at least one fuel cell of a fuel cell system, wherein the diagnostic method (100) comprises the following steps:
providing (102) at least two different polarisation models (1) for extracting a diagnostic fuel cell parameter set (3) from a polarisation curve (2) of at least one fuel cell,
recording (104) at least one polarisation curve (2) from at least one measurement of at least one fuel cell,
applying (106) at least two of the previously recorded different polarisation models (1) to the at least one polarisation curve (2) of the at least one fuel cell, and
extracting (108) a diagnostic fuel cell parameter set (3) from the at least one polarisation curve (2) of the at least one fuel cell for each of the applied polarisation models (1).
H01M 8/04992 - Procédés de commande des éléments à combustible ou des systèmes d’éléments à combustible caractérisés par la mise en œuvre d’algorithmes mathématiques ou de calcul, p. ex. les boucles de commande de rétroaction, la logique floue, les réseaux neuronaux ou l’intelligence artificielle
The invention relates to a sealing device (1) for at least one fuel cell stack (2), in particular an SOFC fuel cell stack, comprising a housing (3) and at least one fuel cell stack (2) which is arranged or arrangeable within the housing (3), wherein the at least one fuel cell stack (2) comprises a plurality of fuel cells (4), wherein the fuel cells (4) each have at least one further seal (5) at their lateral ends, wherein the housing (3) surrounds the at least one fuel cell stack (3) with the further seal (5), wherein at least one sealing element (6) is arranged between the housing (3) and the further seal (5) for pressure equalisation.
The invention relates to a sealing device (1) for at least one fuel cell stack (2), in particular an SOFC fuel cell stack, comprising a housing (3) and at least one fuel cell stack (2) which is arranged or arrangeable within the housing (3), wherein the at least one fuel cell stack (2) comprises a plurality of fuel cells (4), wherein the fuel cells (4) each have at least one further seal (5) at their lateral ends, wherein the housing (3) surrounds the at least one fuel cell stack (3) with the further seal (5), wherein at least one sealing element (6) is arranged between the housing (3) and the further seal (5) for pressure equalisation.
The invention also relates to a fuel cell system, in particular an SOFC fuel cell system, with such a sealing device (1).
H01M 8/0276 - Moyens d’étanchéité caractérisés par leur forme
H01M 8/12 - Éléments à combustible avec électrolytes solides fonctionnant à haute température, p. ex. avec un électrolyte en ZrO2 stabilisé
H01M 8/2432 - Groupement d'éléments élémentaires de forme plane
H01M 8/2475 - Enceintes, boîtiers ou récipients d’empilements d’éléments à combustible
H01M 8/2483 - Détails des groupements d'éléments à combustible caractérisés par les collecteurs d’admission internes
H01M 8/249 - Groupement d'éléments à combustible, p. ex. empilement d'éléments à combustible comprenant plusieurs groupements d'éléments à combustible, p. ex. ensembles modulaires
8.
FUEL-CELL INSTALLATION AND METHOD FOR A FUEL-CELL INSTALLATION
The present invention relates to a fuel cell plant (1) with a fuel cell system (12) comprising a plurality of fuel cell stacks (10), wherein, in order to supply an electrical output network (24) with electrical energy generated by the operation of the fuel cell stacks (10), the fuel cell system (12) is or can be connected electrically with an electrical output network system (20) which comprises an electrical output network (24), characterised in that the fuel cell plant (1) further comprises an electrical power resistor network (50) comprising an electrical power resistor (52) to secure the load point of the fuel cell stacks (10) in the event of a fault, in particular a mains supply fault (104) of the electrical output network system (20), wherein, in order to supply the electrical power resistor network (50) with electrical energy generated by the operation of the fuel cell stacks (10), the fuel cell system (12) is connected electrically to the electrical power resistor network (50).
The present invention relates to an inspection method for controlling an opening duration (OD) of an outlet valve (142) of a liquid container (140) in an anode exhaust gas section (124) of a fuel cell system (100), wherein the following steps are provided:
opening the outlet valve (142) to drain liquid (F) from the liquid container (140),
recording the anode pressure (AP) in the anode exhaust gas section (124) at the time of opening the outlet valve (142),
setting an anode pressure reference value (APR) based on the recorded anode pressure (AP),
further monitoring of the anode pressure (AP) during the opening duration (OD) of the outlet valve (142),
determining an anode pressure deviation (APA) of the monitored anode pressure (AP) from the set anode pressure reference value (APR),
closing the outlet valve (142) when the determined anode pressure deviation (APA) exceeds a deviation threshold (AG).
H01M 8/04119 - Dispositions pour la commande des paramètres des réactifs, p. ex. de la pression ou de la concentration des réactifs gazeux avec apport simultané ou évacuation simultanée d’électrolyteHumidification ou déshumidification
Fuel cell system (1), in particular an SOFC system, comprising at least one fuel cell stack (2) with an anode section (3) and a cathode section (4), an air supply section (5), a fuel supply section (6), an exhaust gas section (7) with an afterburner (8) and a recirculation section (9), wherein a first heat exchanger (10) is arranged in the recirculation section (9), wherein a first dividing device (11a) is provided downstream of the first heat exchanger (10) to conduct a portion of the anode exhaust gas to the afterburner (8).
Fuel cell system (1), in particular an SOFC system, comprising at least one fuel cell stack (2) with an anode section (3) and a cathode section (4), an air supply section (5), a fuel supply section (6), an exhaust gas section (7) with an afterburner (8) and a recirculation section (9), wherein a first heat exchanger (10) is arranged in the recirculation section (9), wherein a first dividing device (11a) is provided downstream of the first heat exchanger (10) to conduct a portion of the anode exhaust gas to the afterburner (8).
The invention also relates to the use of such a fuel cell system (1).
The invention relates to a prechamber ignition unit (10) for an internal combustion engine (1), having a substantially hollow cylindrical housing (11) for receiving an ignition device (14) which opens into a prechamber (15) of the prechamber ignition unit (10), wherein at least one sealing and/or supporting ring (30, 17) is arranged in at least one sealing and/or support region (300, 170) of the prechamber ignition unit (10) between the ignition device (14) and the housing (11), and the prechamber ignition unit (10) has at least one residual gas store (23) which is fluidically connected to a prechamber (15) of the prechamber ignition unit (10) via at least one passage (25). In order to reduce irregular combustion events, a first sealing and/or supporting ring (30) is arranged in a first sealing and/or support region (300), and a second sealing and/or supporting ring (17) is arranged in a second sealing and/or support region (170), between the ignition device (14) and the housing (11), wherein the first sealing and/or support region (300) and the second sealing and/or support region (170) are axially mutually spaced in relation to an ignition device longitudinal axis (14a), and at least the first sealing and/or supporting ring (30) is arranged in the region of the passage (25) and has at least one passage channel (31) for fluidic connection between the residual gas store (23) and the prechamber (15). Fig. 2b
F02B 19/12 - Moteurs caractérisés par des chambres de précombustion avec allumage commandé
H01T 13/36 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement caractérisées par la jonction entre isolement et corps, p. ex. avec du ciment
H01T 13/54 - Bougies d'allumage avec des électrodes arrangées dans une chambre d'allumage partiellement close
The present invention relates to a battery storage device (100), in which a sealant (40) is arranged at a through-opening (13) which passes through a housing (10) and through which a busbar (30) passes between an interior (12) and an outer side (17) of the housing (10).
H01M 50/383 - Moyens pare-flammes ou moyens de prévention de l’allumage
H01M 50/211 - Bâtis, modules ou blocs de multiples batteries ou de multiples cellules caractérisés par leur forme adaptés aux cellules en forme de poche
H01M 50/30 - Aménagements pour faciliter l’échappement des gaz
The invention relates to a drive train (20) for a tracked vehicle, comprising two change-speed transmission units (1L, 1R) having a first power path (4) and a second power path (5L, 5R) between an input path (2) and an output path (3L, 3R), a planetary gear set (10L, 10R) which has a first transmission member (11), a second transmission member (12), a third transmission member (13) and a fourth transmission member (14) from the group of planetary transmission elements: sun gear (S1L, S1R, S2L, S2R), planet carrier (C1L, C1R C2L, C2R) and ring gear (R1L, R1R, R2L, R2R), wherein the first power path (4) can be connected to the first transmission member (11) via a first clutch (K1L, K1R) and to the fourth transmission member (14) via a third clutch (K3L, K3R), wherein the fourth transmission member (14) can be held by means of a first brake (B1L, B1R), the second transmission member (12) is connected to the output path (3L, 3R), the third transmission member can be held by means of a second brake (B2L, B2R), wherein the second power path (5L, 5R) can be connected to the fourth transmission member (14) of the planetary gear set (10L, 10R) via a second clutch (K2L, K2R), wherein the input path (2) of the two change-speed transmission units (1L, 1R) is or can be drivingly connected to at least one propulsion unit (21), in particular in the form of an internal combustion engine, and wherein the output path (3L, 3R) of the two change-speed transmission units (1L, 1R) is or can be connected to a drive wheel (25, 26). A torque converter (27) is arranged between the propulsion unit (21) and the input path (2). The drive train (20) has a left-hand change-speed transmission unit (1L) and a right-hand change-speed transmission unit (1R), wherein the output path (3L) of the left-hand change-speed transmission unit (1L) is or can be connected to a left-hand driving gear (25) and the output path (3R) of the right-hand change-speed transmission unit (1R) is or can be connected to a right-hand driving gear (26), and wherein a common input path (2) for the left-hand change-speed transmission unit (1L) and the right-hand change-speed transmission unit 1R) is or can be drivingly connected to the torque converter (27). The left-hand change-speed transmission unit (1L) and the right-hand change-speed transmission unit (1R) have a common sub-transmission (I1) which is drivingly connected on the input side to the torque converter (27).
B62D 11/10 - Direction pour roues non orientablesDirection pour véhicules à chenilles ou à dispositifs similaires par entraînement différencié des éléments en contact avec le sol sur les côtés opposés du véhicule par une seule source d'énergie principale en utilisant des mécanismes de transmission avec sorties de puissance différenciées sur côtés opposés, p. ex. des mécanismes de transmission à différentiel couplé ou épicycloïdaux
F16H 3/66 - Transmissions ayant au moins trois engrenages centraux composées d'un certain nombre de trains d'engrenage, sans entraînement passant d'un train à l'autre
F16H 37/06 - Combinaisons de transmissions mécaniques non prévues dans les groupes comportant essentiellement et uniquement des transmissions à engrenages ou à friction à plusieurs arbres d’entraînement ou entraînésCombinaisons de transmissions mécaniques non prévues dans les groupes comportant essentiellement et uniquement des transmissions à engrenages ou à friction avec dispositions pour répartir le couple entre plusieurs arbres intermédiaires
14.
SYSTEM FOR ACCOMMODATING ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL STACKS
The present invention relates to a system (100) for accommodating electrochemical cell stacks (10A, 10B) comprising a housing (20) and a compression system (30). According to the invention, a receptive element (13) separate from the housing (20), is arranged to an end of the at least one electrochemical cell stack (10A, 10B) and extending through a wall of the housing (20) for receiving the compression force exerted by compression system (30) and transmitting it on said end of the at least one electrochemical cell stack (10A, 10B), a gasket structure (42, 43) is arranged between the housing (20) and one of the end elements (11) of the at least one electrochemical cell stack (10A, 10B), wherein the receptive element (13) provides an adjustable clamping structure (12, 14, 15, 41; 17, 18, 19, 44) for providing compressive function for the gasket structure (42, 43) sealing the gas volume inside the housing (20) from the outside of the housing (20).
The present invention relates to a system (100) for accommodating electrochemical cell stacks (10A, 10B) comprising a housing (20) and a compression system (30) for applying a compression force on the electrochemical cells in the stacking direction (S). According to the invention, the system (100) comprises internal liners (23) extending through the housing (20) in a stacking direction (S) having open ends to the outside of the housing (20), for separating a gas volume (y) inside the liners (23) from an inner space gas volume (x) of the housing (20); wherein each of the tensioning means (32) of the compression system (30) extends through one of the liners (23).
The invention relates to an internal combustion engine (1), in particular a hydrogen-powered internal combustion engine (1), having: at least one cylinder (3); a cylinder head (5) comprising at least one upper partial cooling chamber (10) and at least one lower partial cooling chamber (11) which are separated from one another by an intermediate deck (12); and at least one receiving sleeve (9), which extends through the intermediate deck (12), for receiving a component, in particular a spark plug, which protrudes into a combustion chamber (8), wherein: the receiving sleeve (9) is firmly anchored in the cylinder head (5); and at least one flow transfer channel (15, 16) between the two partial cooling chambers (10, 11) is arranged in the region of the receiving sleeve (9) in order to allow the coolant to flow from one partial cooling chamber (10; 11) into the other partial cooling chamber (11; 10). In order to improve the cooling of thermally critical regions of the receiving sleeve, the receiving sleeve (9) has a flow transfer region (17) at least in the region of the intermediate deck (12), wherein: in the flow transfer region (17), at least one first flow transfer channel (10) extending substantially in the direction of an imaginary axis of rotation (9a) of the receiving sleeve (9) is arranged between an inner wall region (92) and an outer wall region (93) of the receiving sleeve (9); and preferably a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed first flow transfer channels (10) are arranged in the flow transfer region (17).
The invention relates to an internal combustion engine (1) having a cylinder (4) which is provided in a cylinder housing (2) and in which a piston (7) reciprocates in the direction of a cylinder axis (4a) of the cylinder (4) between a lower dead center (UT) and an upper dead center (OT), a first end (8) of the cylinder (4) being associated with the upper dead center ( OT) and a second end (9) of the cylinder (4) being associated with the lower dead center (UT); and a piston cooling device (12) having at least one annular piston cooling channel (16) which is provided in the region of the second end (9) of the cylinder (4) and which has at least one cooling nozzle (15; 151; 152) directed onto a lower surface (70) of the piston (7). In order to allow the piston (7) to be cooled with little effort, the annular piston cooling channel (16) is formed by a channel ring part (13) or is provided in a channel ring part (13) which is inserted or pressed into the cylinder (4), preferably from the side of the first end (8) of the cylinder (4), in the direction of the cylinder axis (4a).
The present invention relates to an electrochemical system (100) for power generation or for electrolysis, having a media supply region (10) for supplying media (40), wherein the media (40) have a reactant (42) and air (44), a cell stack (30) comprising a plurality of electrochemical cells (32), and a media feed region (20) for controlling the temperature of the media (40) and for conducting the media (40) from the media supply region (10) to the cell stack (30). The media feed region (20) has at least two heat exchangers (62, 64) and at least two electric heaters (22, 24) for indirectly heating a reactant inflow (28) comprising the reactant (42) in two stages, wherein the media feed region (20) has a first electric heater (22) for heating a first air flow (52) and a first heat exchanger (62) in order to heat the reactant inflow (28) to the cell stack (30) by means of the first heat exchanger (62) and the first air flow (52) in a first stage, wherein the media feed region (20) has a second electric heater (24) for heating a second air flow (54) and a second heat exchanger (64) in order to heat the reactant inflow (28) to the cell stack (30) by means of the second heat exchanger (64) and the second air flow (54) in a second stage, wherein the media feed region (20) has a third electric heater (26) for heating an air inflow (56) for feeding to the cell stack (30).
H01M 8/04014 - Échange de chaleur par des fluides gazeuxÉchange de chaleur par combustion des réactifs
H01M 8/04007 - Dispositions auxiliaires, p. ex. pour la commande de la pression ou pour la circulation des fluides relatives à l’échange de chaleur
H01M 8/04082 - Dispositions pour la commande des paramètres des réactifs, p. ex. de la pression ou de la concentration
H01M 8/04225 - Dispositions auxiliaires, p. ex. pour la commande de la pression ou pour la circulation des fluides pendant le démarrage ou l’arrêtDépolarisation ou activation, p. ex. purgeMoyens pour court-circuiter les éléments à combustible défectueux pendant le démarrage
H01M 8/04223 - Dispositions auxiliaires, p. ex. pour la commande de la pression ou pour la circulation des fluides pendant le démarrage ou l’arrêtDépolarisation ou activation, p. ex. purgeMoyens pour court-circuiter les éléments à combustible défectueux
H01M 8/04302 - Procédés de commande des éléments à combustible ou des systèmes d’éléments à combustible appliqués pendant des périodes spécifiques appliqués pendant le démarrage
The invention relates to an electromechanical steering device for a vehicle, said steering device having a steering wheel (10), a steering shaft to which the steering wheel (10) is fastened, a steering wheel actuator (16) which generates a reaction torque in response to the steering movement and generates a restoring torque or a steering torque and is connected to the steering shaft (12), a drive unit (24) which is connected to a steering linkage (26) for generating a steering movement of wheels (22) of the vehicle, and a central control unit (20) via which the drive unit (24) can be controlled on the basis of a detected steering movement of the steering wheel (10), wherein for the continuous and validatable determination of the position of the steering wheel (10), it is proposed that at least one relative position sensor (32, 34) is arranged on the steering wheel actuator (16), via which relative position sensor a movement of the steering wheel actuator (16) can be detected, and a signal transmitter (28) is arranged on the steering wheel (10) or the steering shaft (12), which signal transmitter interacts with a sensor switch (30) which receives and switches a signal of the signal transmitter (28) in a neutral position of the steering wheel (10), wherein the at least one relative position sensor (32, 34) and the sensor switch (30) are connected to the control unit (20) for data transmission.
The invention relates to an operating media supply unit (100) for a fuel cell stack (300). The operating media supply unit (100) has operating media discharge lines (121, 122, 123) for discharging fluid operating media from the fuel cells (360) of the fuel cell stack (300) and has operating media supply lines (111, 112, 113) for supplying fluid operating media to the fuel cells (360) of the fuel cell stack (300). The operating media supply lines (111, 112, 113) have a coolant supply line (113) and a cathode feed gas supply line (111) which are coupled to one another in a heat-transferring manner via a heat transfer portion (130) in order to change the temperature of a cathode feed gas (KZG) which is conducted, as one of the operating media, in the cathode feed gas supply line (111) to the fuel cell stack (300). The invention further relates to a fuel cell system (400) having a fuel cell stack (300) which is fluidically connected to the operating media supply unit (100) for the supply and discharge of the operating media. The invention further relates to a method for controlling the temperature of the cathode feed gas in the operating media supply unit (100), wherein the line portion of the coolant supply line (113) has a cross-sectional profile of which the cross-sectional area decreases, in relation to to the cross-sectional area at the external connection (140), with increasing proximity to the stack connection (150).
H01M 8/04029 - Échange de chaleur par des liquides
H01M 8/04007 - Dispositions auxiliaires, p. ex. pour la commande de la pression ou pour la circulation des fluides relatives à l’échange de chaleur
H01M 8/2485 - Dispositions pour le scellement des collecteurs d’admission externesDispositions pour le montage des collecteurs d’admission externes autour de l’empilement
21.
METHOD FOR THE OPTIMIZED SIMULATION OF A CHARACTERISTIC OF A BATTERY CELL
The present invention relates to a method for the optimized simulation of a characteristic of a battery cell, containing a method for determining a varying internal resistance (RG) of a battery cell, in which method an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is measured on the battery cell and an internal resistance (RG) of the battery cell is determined from a difference between a value of the locus curve with respect to a high-frequency measurement point (MPH) and a value of the locus curve with respect to a low-frequency measurement point (MPN) on the real-value axis (RE) of the Nyquist plot. In the further steps, a characteristic of the battery cell is simulated, comprising at least one output parameter from a simulated voltage (US), a simulated temperature (TS), a simulated state of charge (SOC) and a power limit, on the basis of a battery cell model (BM) according to input parameters comprising at least the previously measured current (I) and the previously measured temperature (TM). The simulated output parameter of the state of charge (SOC) is corrected on the basis of a predictive filter algorithm according to the measured voltage (UM) and the simulated voltage (US). Finally, to optimize the battery cell model (BM), a stored model parameter of the internal resistance (RG) is updated using a value which has been determined by the method for determining a varying internal resistance (RG) of a battery cell.
G01R 31/28 - Test de circuits électroniques, p. ex. à l'aide d'un traceur de signaux
G01R 31/367 - Logiciels à cet effet, p. ex. pour le test des batteries en utilisant une modélisation ou des tables de correspondance
G01R 31/3842 - Dispositions pour la surveillance de variables des batteries ou des accumulateurs, p. ex. état de charge combinant des mesures de tension et de courant
G01R 31/389 - Mesure de l’impédance interne, de la conductance interne ou des variables similaires
The present invention relates to an assembly station (100) for carrying out assembly operations on a product (P) under a conditioned assembly atmosphere (MA), having: a robot device (10), a housing (20) and a conditioning unit (30) which is connected to an assembly chamber (22). According to the invention, the assembly station (100) comprises a sensor module (40R) on the robot device (10) having at least one sensor (48, 49), the sensing region (E) of which is oriented to measure a contamination-related parameter on a surface of one of the components (K) of the product (P).
The invention relates to an internal combustion engine having a top-down cooling concept, in particular with a plurality of cylinders, having a liquid-cooled cylinder head with a first cooling chamber adjoining a fire deck and a second cooling chamber, which is separated from the first cooling chamber by an intermediate deck, and which is predominantly further away from the fire deck (10) than the first cooling chamber, wherein the first cooling chamber and the second cooling chamber are flow-connected to one another in the region of the ignition device, with an intake port arrangement on an intake side and an exhaust port arrangement on an exhaust side, having, per cylinder, two intake valves, two exhaust valves, an ignition device opening centrally into a combustion chamber and an injection device opening laterally into the combustion chamber, which is arranged between a first intake port and a second intake port of the intake port arrangement. In order to enable sufficient cooling of the injection device, the first intake port and the second intake port of each cylinder in the cylinder head are routed separately starting from at least one lateral flange surface of the cylinder head, and the injection device is at least partially surrounded by a cooling chamber, which is flow-connected to the second cooling chamber or is formed as part of the second cooling chamber.
Refrigerant circuits, which are coupled to a coolant circuit, for vehicles are known. The refrigerant circuit (10) has a first refrigerant branch (12) with a compressor (16), a condenser (18) with a fan (20), a dryer (22), a thermostatic expansion valve (28) and an evaporator (30), which serves to remove heat from an interior (31) of the vehicle, and a second refrigerant branch (14), which is arranged fluidically parallel to the thermostatic expansion valve (28) and the evaporator (30) and in which an expansion valve (34) and a cooler (36) are arranged, the cooler (36) being in heat exchange with a coolant circuit (38) in which, in addition to the cooler (36), at least one battery cooler (40) for the battery (42) of the vehicle and a coolant pump (44) are arranged. For such a combined coolant and refrigerant circuit, the invention provides a control method in which a cooling power of the cooler (36) is controlled via at least one first control circuit and a cooling power of the evaporator (30) is controlled via at least one second control circuit, wherein a prioritization is activated when the compressor (16) reaches a defined maximum speed or a defined maximum-permissible electrical power, or the pressure upstream of the compressor (16) or downstream of the cooler (36) falls below a defined minimum-permissible pressure, or the pressure downstream of the compressor (16) exceeds a defined maximum-permissible pressure.
The invention relates to a shunt for measuring an electric current. The shunt has an input region (1) with at least one input contact (4), and the shunt has an output region (3) with at least one output contact (5), wherein the shunt has at least one measuring section (2) which is arranged between the input region (1) and the output region (3). The invention is characterized in that the input region (1), the measuring section (2), and the output region (3) have the same material, and the measuring section (2) has a lower density than the input region (1) and the output region (3).
G01R 1/20 - Modifications des éléments électriques fondamentaux en vue de leur utilisation dans des appareils de mesures électriquesCombinaisons structurelles de ces éléments avec ces appareils
The invention relates to a shunt for measuring an electric current. The shunt has a conductor (1) with at least one input contact (3a) and at least one output contact (3b), wherein the conductor (1) has at least one measuring section (6), and at least one cooling device (5) is arranged on the conductor (1) in order to cool the conductor (1). The invention is characterized in that the conductor (1) extends along a longitudinal axis (A) along which a current substantially flows, the conductor (1) has two longitudinal segments (2a, 2b) which likewise extend along the longitudinal axis (A) and which are arranged at the same height along the longitudinal axis (A), each of the longitudinal segments (2a, 2b) has a contact point for introducing or discharging the current to be measured at a first end (4a) along the longitudinal axis (A), and the longitudinal segments (2a, 2b) are electrically connected together at a second end (4b) along the longitudinal axis (A).
G01R 1/20 - Modifications des éléments électriques fondamentaux en vue de leur utilisation dans des appareils de mesures électriquesCombinaisons structurelles de ces éléments avec ces appareils
The invention relates to a liquid-cooled cylinder head for an internal combustion engine with a top-down cooling concept, having a lower cooling chamber adjoining a fire deck and an upper cooling chamber which is separated from the lower cooling chamber by an intermediate deck and which is largely further away from the fire deck than the lower cooling chamber, wherein the lower cooling chamber and the upper cooling chamber are connected fluidically together in the region of a receiving sleeve, arranged centrally with respect to the cylinder, for a component leading centrally into a combustion chamber, via at least one annular overflow channel, formed by an overflow opening and the receiving sleeve, in the intermediate deck, wherein a diameter of the substantially circular overflow opening is larger than an outside diameter of the receiving sleeve, having an inlet channel arrangement with at least two inlet openings leading into the combustion chamber and an outlet channel arrangement with at least two outlet openings leading into the combustion chamber. In order to achieve optimal cooling of thermally critical regions, the invention provides that the overflow opening is arranged eccentrically with respect to the receiving sleeve, wherein a central axis of the overflow opening, extending through a center of the overflow opening, is spaced apart from the sleeve axis of the receiving sleeve.
The present invention relates to a method for open-loop or closed-loop control of a battery management system having an NDC-parameter-based battery model of a battery cell, characterized in that the NDC parameters are created in two stages (S1, S2), the battery model having a non-linear double capacitor model (10) and an RC2 model (20), wherein a dataset for a low charging rate (DS-nLR), a static dataset (DS-stat) and a dynamic dataset (DS-dyn) of the battery cell are used, wherein, in a first stage (S1), reduced NDC parameters are estimated at least on the basis of the dataset for a low charging rate (DS-nLR) and the static dataset (DS-stat), wherein, in a second stage (S2), the final NDC parameters of the battery model of the battery cell are created at least on the basis of the reduced NDC parameters of the first stage (S1) and the dynamic dataset (DS-dyn), and open-loop or closed-loop control of the battery management system is effected using the final NDC parameters of the battery model of the battery cell.
The invention is related to a fuel cell stack (100) for providing a fuel cell functionality, comprising multiple fuel cells (110) stacked upon each other along a stack direction (SD), wherein end plates (122, 124) cover the stacked fuel cells (110) at both ends (120), wherein the end plates (122, 124) are connected in stack direction (SD) with each other by a tensioning system (10), wherein the tensioning system (10) comprises at least one bendable tensioning means (20) being fixed with a first tensioning end (22) at one of the end plates (122), extending at least partly along the stack direction (SD) to the other end plate (124), being wound around at least one turning means (30) at the other end plate (124), having a spring element (40) at the second tensioning end (24) fixed at one of the end plates (122, 1244) providing a spring tensioning force (STF) in the tensioning means (20) between the second tensioning end (24) and first tensioning end (22) to provide a compression force (CF) to the fuel cells (110) via the two end plates (122, 124), wherein the tensioning system (10) comprises pulley block means to additionally influence the provided spring tensioning force (STF).
The invention relates to a core assembly (1) for a cylinder head (2) of an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one single-piece lost core (10), in particular a sand core, which has a plurality of core regions (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) for functionally different sections of the cylinder head (2), wherein, for at least one cylinder (20), a first core region (11) has at least one first mould surface (11a) for at least one inlet channel (21) opening into a combustion chamber roof (22) of the cylinder head via at least one inlet opening (21a), and a second core region (12) has at least one second mould surface (12a) for at least one part of a combustion chamber roof (22). In order to reduce the manufacturing complexity for a cylinder head (2), according to the invention the second core region (12) has at least one first chamfer forming surface (12b) for a region (22b) generating a charge movement around the inlet opening (21a) of the combustion chamber roof (22).
The present invention relates to an electrochemical cell system (100) having a plurality of electrochemical cell stack modules (200) which each have a fuel section (220) and an air section (230), the fuel sections (220) having a fuel supply section (222) for supplying fuel supply gas (BZG) and a fuel discharge section (224) for discharging fuel exhaust gas (BAG), the air sections (230) having an air supply section (232) for supplying supply air (ZL) and an exhaust air discharge section (234) for discharging exhaust air (AL), and having a common central module (300) for supplying the cell stack modules (200) with the operating media fuel supply gas (BZG) and supply air (ZL), and discharging the operating media fuel exhaust gas (BAG) and exhaust air (AL) from the cell stack modules (200), wherein the fuel supply sections (222) each have at least one media heating device (240) for active heating of the fuel supply gas (BZG) in a manner decentralised from the common central module (300).
H01M 8/249 - Groupement d'éléments à combustible, p. ex. empilement d'éléments à combustible comprenant plusieurs groupements d'éléments à combustible, p. ex. ensembles modulaires
The invention relates to a hybrid drive unit (1) for a motor vehicle, comprising a primary drive machine (ICE), a secondary drive machine (EM), and a transmission (2) which has at least one planetary gear set (PGS) and has a first drive path (3), a second drive path (4), and an output shaft (5) which is selectively connectable to the first drive path (3) or to the second drive path (4). The planetary gear set (PGS) has a first member (GP1), a second member (GP2), a third member (GP3) and a fourth member (GP4), wherein the first member (GP1) is connected or connectable to a primary drive shaft (PDa) of the primary drive machine (ICE), the second member (GP2) is connected or connectable to a secondary drive shaft (SDa) of the secondary drive machine (EM), the third member (GP3) is connected or connectable to the first drive path (3), and the fourth member (GP4) is connected or connectable to the second drive path (4). A first shift element (8) serves to connect the first drive path (3) to the output shaft (5). A second shift element (9) serves to connect the second drive path (4) to the output shaft (5). Two members (GP3, GP4) of the planetary gear set (PGS) are interconnectable for conjoint rotation by means of a third shift element (10).
B60K 6/387 - Embrayages actionnés, c.-à-d. embrayages mis en prise ou désaccouplés par des moyens d'actionnement électriques, hydrauliques ou mécaniques
B60K 6/48 - Agencement ou montage de plusieurs moteurs primaires différents pour une propulsion réciproque ou commune, p. ex. systèmes de propulsion hybrides comportant des moteurs électriques et des moteurs à combustion interne les moteurs primaires étant constitués de moteurs électriques et de moteurs à combustion interne, p. ex. des VEH caractérisés par l'architecture du véhicule électrique hybride du type parallèle
B60W 10/02 - Commande conjuguée de sous-ensembles de véhicule, de fonction ou de type différents comprenant la commande d'accouplements de la chaîne cinématique
B60W 10/06 - Commande conjuguée de sous-ensembles de véhicule, de fonction ou de type différents comprenant la commande des ensembles de propulsion comprenant la commande des moteurs à combustion
B60W 10/08 - Commande conjuguée de sous-ensembles de véhicule, de fonction ou de type différents comprenant la commande des ensembles de propulsion comprenant la commande des unités de traction électrique, p. ex. des moteurs ou des générateurs
F16H 3/72 - Transmissions à engrenages pour transmettre un mouvement rotatif à rapport de vitesse variable ou pour inverser le mouvement rotatif utilisant des engrenages à mouvement orbital avec entraînement secondaire, p. ex. un moteur régulateur, pour faire varier la vitesse d'une manière continue
B60K 6/445 - Agencement ou montage de plusieurs moteurs primaires différents pour une propulsion réciproque ou commune, p. ex. systèmes de propulsion hybrides comportant des moteurs électriques et des moteurs à combustion interne les moteurs primaires étant constitués de moteurs électriques et de moteurs à combustion interne, p. ex. des VEH caractérisés par l'architecture du véhicule électrique hybride du type série-parallèle du type à distribution par engrenage différentiel
33.
METHOD FOR DETERMINING A DC CURRENT VALUE ON A DC SIDE OF AN INVERTER
The present invention relates to a method for determining a DC current value (DCI) on a DC side (DCS) of an inverter (110), characterised by the following steps: - detecting an AC current value (ACI) for at least two phases on an AC side (ACI) of the inverter (110), - detecting a DC voltage value (DCU) on the DC side (DCS) of the inverter (110), - determining a DC current value (DCI) on the basis of the detected AC current value (ACI) and the detected DC voltage value (DCU) using a calibrated AC-DC relationship (ADB).
The invention relates to a computer-implemented method and system for indirectly measuring, by means of a trained machine learning model, deformation parameters for a crash test of a vehicle to be analyzed, having the following work steps: • detecting geometry parameters of a plurality of different vehicles, the parameters being measured by means of a sensor; • calculating a location probability distribution for each component and/or assembly, in particular each crash-relevant component and/or assembly, within a vehicle configuration space of the vehicle to be analyzed, the location probability distribution being derived from the detected geometry parameters; • determining boundary conditions with respect to the vehicle structure, in particular the arrangement of the components and the rigidities thereof, of the vehicle to be analyzed; • determining the vehicle structure, which is characterized by at least one geometry parameter, of a vehicle to be analyzed on the basis of the boundary conditions and the location probability distribution; • detecting at least one material parameter of individual portions of the vehicle structure, said parameters characterizing the mass, plastic properties, and elastic properties, in particular moduli of elasticity and flow curves, of the individual portions of the vehicle structure, the at least one geometry parameter and the at least one material parameter forming vehicle data relating to the vehicle to be analyzed; • calculating output data means of the machine learning model on the basis of input data, the input data being based on the vehicle data and the output data comprising a value for at least one first deformation parameter for the intrusion into the vehicle to be analyzed; and • outputting the at least one value for the first deformation parameter. The invention further relates to a computer-implemented method and a system for training the machine learning model.
G06F 30/15 - Conception de véhicules, d’aéronefs ou d’embarcations
G06F 30/23 - Optimisation, vérification ou simulation de l’objet conçu utilisant les méthodes des éléments finis [MEF] ou les méthodes à différences finies [MDF]
G06F 30/27 - Optimisation, vérification ou simulation de l’objet conçu utilisant l’apprentissage automatique, p. ex. l’intelligence artificielle, les réseaux neuronaux, les machines à support de vecteur [MSV] ou l’apprentissage d’un modèle
G06F 119/02 - Analyse de fiabilité ou optimisation de fiabilitéAnalyse de défaillance, p. ex. performance dans le pire scénario, analyse du mode de défaillance et de ses effets [FMEA]
G06F 119/14 - Analyse des forces ou optimisation des forces, p. ex. forces statiques ou dynamiques
The invention relates to a closure means (100) for closing a stator slot (510) in a stator (500) of an electric motor. The closure means (100) has a main body (101), said main body having a cross-section that is continuous along a longitudinal direction (LR) and having a ferromagnetic material. The cross-section has two spring sections (110, 120) each with oppositely oriented contact surfaces (111, 121) for making planar contact with a corresponding mating contact surface (511, 512) of the stator slot (510). The spring sections (110, 120) are elastically deformable between a relaxed position (P0) and a closed position (P2) when closing the stator slot (510) in order to generate spring forces onto the respective mating contact surface (51, 512) in a width direction (BR) transverse to the longitudinal direction (LR) via the two contact surfaces (111, 121). Furthermore, the cross-section has a connection free space (140) between the two spring sections (110, 120), which connection free space is free of ferromagnetic material. The invention further relates to a stator (500) which has at least one of the closure means (100). The invention additionally relates to mounting methods for mounting the closure means (100) in a stator slot (510).
The invention relates to a method for carrying out a test drive using a vehicle (1) having vehicle electronics (2), wherein the vehicle (1) moves through an area comprising other traffic objects (5, 5', 5", 10) during the test drive, the vehicle electronics (2) are connected to at least one server (6), in order to exchange data, before or during the test drive, the vehicle electronics (2) receive data relating to other traffic objects (5, 5', 5", 10) from the server (6), and the vehicle (1) is automatically or partly automatically controlled by the vehicle electronics (2) on the basis of the received data relating to the other traffic objects (5, 5', 5", 10). Data relating to at least one virtual traffic object (5") is input into the server before or during the test drive, said data comprising at least the position of the virtual traffic object (5").
G01M 17/06 - Comportement de la directionComportement du train de roulement
B60W 50/04 - Détails des systèmes d'aide à la conduite des véhicules routiers qui ne sont pas liés à la commande d'un sous-ensemble particulier pour surveiller le fonctionnement du système d'aide à la conduite
G07C 5/00 - Enregistrement ou indication du fonctionnement de véhicules
B60W 60/00 - Systèmes d’aide à la conduite spécialement adaptés aux véhicules routiers autonomes
B60W 30/00 - Fonctions des systèmes d'aide à la conduite des véhicules routiers non liées à la commande d'un sous-ensemble particulier, p. ex. de systèmes comportant la commande conjuguée de plusieurs sous-ensembles du véhicule
The invention relates to a method for operating a sensor (3) in a vehicle (1), wherein vehicle electronics (2) of the vehicle (1) measure at least one parameter of a traffic object (5, 5') different from the vehicle (1) by means of the sensor (3), and output at least one measured value on the basis of a sensor setting, and wherein the vehicle electronics (2) receive at least one data set from at least one traffic object (5, 5') different from the vehicle (1). The vehicle electronics (2) determine or calculate at least one comparison value of the parameter on the basis of the at least one data set, and the sensor setting is calibrated on the basis of the comparison value.
The invention relates to a computer-implemented method (100) for identifying combustion anomalies by indirectly measuring, by means of a classifier (2), status data of an internal combustion engine (1, 1a, 1b, 1c) to be analyzed, in which method: operating data of the internal combustion engine (1, 1a, 1b, 1c) to be analyzed are acquired; at least one feature is generated for the classifier (2) by processing at least a portion of the operating data by means of mathematical operations and/or by selecting a data range from the operating data; and status data of the internal combustion engine (1, 1a, 1b, 1c) to be analyzed are determined by applying the classifier (2) to the generated features.
F02D 35/02 - Commande non électrique des moteurs en fonction des conditions extérieures ou intérieures aux moteurs, non prévue ailleurs des conditions intérieures
F02D 41/14 - Dispositions de circuits pour produire des signaux de commande introduisant des corrections à boucle fermée
F02D 41/22 - Dispositifs de sécurité ou d'avertissement en cas de conditions anormales
F02D 41/00 - Commande électrique de l'alimentation en mélange combustible ou en ses constituants
G01M 15/11 - Test des moteurs à combustion interne par détection des défauts d'allumage
39.
METHOD FOR DETERMINING A GAS COMPOSITION IN AN ANODE SECTION OF A FUEL CELL STACK WITH ANODE GAS CIRCULATION
The present invention relates to a method for determining a gas composition (GZ) in an anode section (120) of a fuel cell stack (110) of a fuel cell system (100), comprising the following steps: - detecting an anode pressure (AD) for the anode section (120) of the fuel cell stack (110); - detecting an actual electrical power (IL) of a recirculation device (140) for a recirculation of an anode exhaust gas (AAG) from an anode discharge section (124) via a recirculation section (140) into an anode supply section (122) of the anode section (120) of the fuel cell stack (110); and, - determining a current gas composition (GZ) of the anode exhaust gas (AAG) based on the detected anode pressure (AD) and the detected actual electrical power (IL).
H01M 8/04223 - Dispositions auxiliaires, p. ex. pour la commande de la pression ou pour la circulation des fluides pendant le démarrage ou l’arrêtDépolarisation ou activation, p. ex. purgeMoyens pour court-circuiter les éléments à combustible défectueux
H01M 8/04313 - Procédés de commande des éléments à combustible ou des systèmes d’éléments à combustible caractérisés par la détection ou l'évaluation des variablesProcédés de commande des éléments à combustible ou des systèmes d’éléments à combustible caractérisés par la détection ou l'évaluation de la défaillance ou d'une fonction anormale
The present invention relates to a control method for controlling at least one operating parameter (BP) of a fuel cell system (100) having at least two fuel cell stacks (110), the fuel cell stacks (110) each having a fuel section (120) and an air section (130), wherein the following steps are provided: specifying a target value (SW) for the operating parameter (BP) to be controlled; specifying a control position (SP) of an actuator (140) common to at least two fuel cell stacks (110) for adjusting the operating parameter (BP) to be controlled on the basis of the specified target value (SW) for the at least two fuel cell stacks (110); detecting a respective at least one stack actual value (STI) of the operating parameter (BP) to be controlled for each fuel cell stack (110); determining a common system actual value (SYI) for the at least two fuel cell stacks (110) on the basis of the detected stack actual values (STI) by means of a combination relationship (KB) between the detected stack actual values (STI) and the common system actual value (SYI); determining a control deviation (RA) of the determined system actual value (SYI) from the predefined target value (SW); adapting the predefined control position (SP) on the basis of the control deviation (RA).
H01M 8/249 - Groupement d'éléments à combustible, p. ex. empilement d'éléments à combustible comprenant plusieurs groupements d'éléments à combustible, p. ex. ensembles modulaires
The invention relates to a vehicle test stand for carrying out a test run with a complete vehicle capable of banking, characterized in that a steering force module is provided on the vehicle test stand, which can be connected to a steering system of the banking-capable complete vehicle, a steering angle detection unit is provided for determining a steering angle (αM) of the steering system during the test run, a detection unit is provided for detecting a position (αL) of a driver relative to the banking-capable complete vehicle during the test run, a simulation unit is provided, which is designed to use the steering angle (αM) and the position (αL) of the driver in a simulation model in order to calculate a steering counter force (QA) acting on the steering system and counteracting a steering force (QL) exerted by the driver, and the steering force module is designed to apply the steering counter force (QA) to the steering system.
G09B 9/058 - Simulateurs pour l'enseignement ou l'entraînement pour l'enseignement de la conduite des véhicules ou autres moyens de transport pour l'enseignement de la conduite des véhicules terrestres pour l'enseignement de la conduite de cycles ou de motocyclettes
42.
PRE-AGING METHOD FOR PRE-AGING A BATTERY, AND TEST METHOD FOR TESTING SETS OF BATTERIES
The present invention relates to a pre-ageing method (10) and a pre-ageing system (20) for pre-ageing a battery (2) to a specified ageing condition, a test method (30) and a test system (40) for testing battery sets according to a specified test plan, as well as a computer program product.
G01R 31/392 - Détermination du vieillissement ou de la dégradation de la batterie, p. ex. état de santé
G01R 31/367 - Logiciels à cet effet, p. ex. pour le test des batteries en utilisant une modélisation ou des tables de correspondance
G01R 31/387 - Détermination de la capacité ampère-heure ou de l’état de charge
G01R 31/396 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour le test ou la surveillance d’éléments particuliers ou de groupes particuliers d’éléments dans une batterie
H01M 10/42 - Procédés ou dispositions pour assurer le fonctionnement ou l'entretien des éléments secondaires ou des demi-éléments secondaires
43.
BATTERY STORAGE-UNIT HOUSING FOR THE VARIABLE THERMAL INSULATION OF A BATTERY STORAGE UNIT AND METHOD THEREFOR
The present invention relates, inter alia, to a battery storage-unit housing (10) for the variable thermal insulation of a battery storage unit (20), comprising an inner housing (11), a thermal insulation layer (12) and an outer housing (13). According to the invention, formed in the insulation layer (12) there is at least one free space (14), parts of which are in contact with a surface of the inner housing (11) and parts of which are in contact with an opposite surface of the outer housing (13). The at least one free space (14) is connected in a media-conducting manner via an inlet (E) and an outlet (A), in order for a heat exchange medium (M) to be transferred through the at least one free space (14). The invention also proposes systems and a method for implementing hydraulically switchable insulation states.
H01M 10/6556 - Composants solides comprenant des canaux d'écoulement ou des tubes pour un échange de chaleur
H01M 10/6568 - Liquides caractérisés par des circuits d'écoulement. p. ex. boucles, situés à l'extérieur des éléments ou des boîtiers des éléments
H01M 10/658 - Moyens de commande de la température associés de façon structurelle avec les éléments par isolation ou protection thermique
H01M 50/231 - MonturesBoîtiers secondaires ou cadresBâtis, modules ou blocsDispositifs de suspensionAmortisseursDispositifs de transport ou de manutentionSupports caractérisés par le matériau des boîtiers ou des bâtis ayant une structure en couches
44.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR INDIRECTLY MEASURING A PROBABILITY OF THE OCCURRENCE OF A DEFECT IN A TEST OBJECT
The invention relates to a computer-implemented method (100) for indirectly measuring a probability of the occurrence of a defect in a test object of a type of technical devices, which are preferably batteries (2) or vehicles (3), having the following work steps: a) measuring state data in a plurality of technical devices of the type of technical devices, wherein the state data comprises whether the defect has occurred; b) measuring (101) operating data of the plurality of technical devices of the type and of the test object, wherein the operating data comprises value profiles of time-resolved measurement parameters and characterise an operating behaviour and an environment of a respective technical device from a field operation, wherein the operating data of those technical devices in which the defect has occurred are defect-marked in accordance with the result of the measurement in step a); c) generating (102) features by processing at least some of the operating data by means of mathematical operations and/or by selecting data regions from the operating data; d) selecting (103) features relevant in relation to the defect from the generated features by means of a concatenation of feature selection methods; e) training a probabilistic classification algorithm by means of the selected relevant features and the respectively associated state data, wherein a classifier (1) is generated; and f) generating (203) output data, comprising a probability of the occurrence of the defect in the test object, by applying the classifier (1) to input data based on the operating data of the test object.
G01R 31/367 - Logiciels à cet effet, p. ex. pour le test des batteries en utilisant une modélisation ou des tables de correspondance
G01R 31/396 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour le test ou la surveillance d’éléments particuliers ou de groupes particuliers d’éléments dans une batterie
The invention relates to a computer-implemented method for generating a classifier for indirectly measuring physical states of a test object of a type of battery or vehicle by training a classification algorithm, having the following steps: detecting operating data of a plurality of technical devices of the type, said operating data comprising value curves of time-resolved measurement parameters and characterizing the operating behavior and the environment of a respective technical device from a field operation, and state data of the respective technical device during the field operation; generating features by processing at least some of the operating data by means of mathematical operations and/or by selecting data regions from the operating data; selecting relevant features from the generated features by chaining feature selection methods; and training the classification algorithm using the relevant features and the respective associated state data, the classifier thus being generated. The state data characterizes the physical states of the technical devices, and at least two, preferably three or particularly preferably all of the following feature selection methods are selected: - random ranking (103A); - backward ranking (103B); - cluster-based selection (103C); and - subset refinement (103D), the respective selected feature selection methods being carried out according to the order defined by the aforementioned enumeration.
G06F 18/2113 - Sélection du sous-ensemble de caractéristiques le plus significatif en classant ou en filtrant l'ensemble des caractéristiques, p. ex. en utilisant une mesure de la variance ou de la corrélation croisée des caractéristiques
G06F 18/2115 - Sélection du sous-ensemble de caractéristiques le plus significatif en évaluant différents sous-ensembles en fonction d'un critère d'optimisation, p. ex. la séparabilité des classes, la sélection en avant ou l’élimination en arrière
G06F 18/21 - Conception ou mise en place de systèmes ou de techniquesExtraction de caractéristiques dans l'espace des caractéristiquesSéparation aveugle de sources
G06F 18/2415 - Techniques de classification relatives au modèle de classification, p. ex. approches paramétriques ou non paramétriques basées sur des modèles paramétriques ou probabilistes, p. ex. basées sur un rapport de vraisemblance ou un taux de faux positifs par rapport à un taux de faux négatifs
G06F 18/243 - Techniques de classification relatives au nombre de classes
G06F 18/27 - Régression, p. ex. régression linéaire ou logistique
G01R 31/367 - Logiciels à cet effet, p. ex. pour le test des batteries en utilisant une modélisation ou des tables de correspondance
G01R 31/392 - Détermination du vieillissement ou de la dégradation de la batterie, p. ex. état de santé
The present invention relates to a fuel cell system (100) for generating electrical energy, comprising a fuel cell stack (110) with an anode section (120) and a cathode section (130), the anode section (120) comprising an anode feed section (122) for supplying anode feed gas (AZG) and an anode discharge section (124) for discharging anode exhaust gas (AAG), wherein the anode discharge section (124) transitions into an anode recirculation section (140) for recirculating the anode exhaust gas (AAG) as anode recirculation gas (ARG) to the anode feed section (122), the cathode section (130) comprising a cathode feed section (132) for supplying cathode feed gas (KZG) and a cathode discharge section (134) for discharging cathode exhaust gas (KAG), wherein an active cooling device (180) is arranged in the anode recirculation section (140) for cooling the anode recirculation gas (ARG), wherein a water outlet (128) is arranged downstream of the active cooling device (180) to discharge the condensation water (KW) condensed in the active cooling device (180), wherein a mixing section (123) is arranged downstream of the water outlet (128) for mixing the anode recirculation gas (ARG) with fuel gas (BRG) and for supplying this, as anode feed gas (AZG), into the anode feed section (122).
H01M 8/04007 - Dispositions auxiliaires, p. ex. pour la commande de la pression ou pour la circulation des fluides relatives à l’échange de chaleur
H01M 8/04082 - Dispositions pour la commande des paramètres des réactifs, p. ex. de la pression ou de la concentration
H01M 8/04119 - Dispositions pour la commande des paramètres des réactifs, p. ex. de la pression ou de la concentration des réactifs gazeux avec apport simultané ou évacuation simultanée d’électrolyteHumidification ou déshumidification
A boxer module (10) for an electrochemical cell system (200), comprising a plurality of cell stacks (100) arranged one above another along a boxer direction (BR), each having a fuel section with a fuel supply section (122) for supplying fuel supply gas (KZG) and a fuel discharge section (124) for discharging fuel exhaust gas (KAG) and an air section having an air supply section (132) for supplying air supply gas (LZG) and an air discharge section (134) for discharging air exhaust gas (LAG), wherein at least one common module gas-conducting section (110) is arranged between two cell stacks (100) with a conducting direction (FR) transverse to the boxer direction (BR) such that the module gas-conducting section (110) separates a first module region (M1) with a first subset (T1) of the cell stacks (100) from a second module region (M2) with a second subset (T2) of the cell stacks (100), wherein the module gas-conducting section (110) is in common fluid-communicating connection with the fuel supply section (122), the fuel discharge section (124), the air supply section (132) or the air discharge section (134) of the cell stacks (110) of the two subsets (T1, T2) of the cell stacks (100) along the boxer section (BR).
H01M 8/249 - Groupement d'éléments à combustible, p. ex. empilement d'éléments à combustible comprenant plusieurs groupements d'éléments à combustible, p. ex. ensembles modulaires
H01M 8/12 - Éléments à combustible avec électrolytes solides fonctionnant à haute température, p. ex. avec un électrolyte en ZrO2 stabilisé
48.
BATTERY SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING A FIRST VOLTAGE AND FOR BEING SIMULTANEOUSLY CHARGED WITH A SECOND VOLTAGE
The invention relates to a battery system (10) for providing a first voltage and for being simultaneously charged with a second voltage, the battery system comprising: a plurality of battery devices (12a-12d), each having a positive terminal (20a-d) and a negative terminal (20e-h); a low-voltage connection (14) for providing the first voltage; and a charging connection (16) for charging the battery devices (12a-12d) with the second voltage, wherein each of the positive terminals (20a-d) can be switchably connected to the low-voltage connection (14) via an associated positive parallel switching device (18a-18d), and each of the negative terminals (20e-h) can be switchably connected to the low-voltage connection (14) via an associated negative parallel switching device (18e-18h); characterised by terminal connection lines (24a-24c) which switchably connect the battery devices (12a-12d) to form a series connection by connecting in each case one positive terminal (20a-d) to one negative terminal (20e-h) via in each case one series switching device (22a-22c), such that two terminals (20a-h) of end-positioned battery devices (12a-12d) form series-connection terminals (26a, 26b) of the series connection, wherein the series-connection terminals (26a, 26b) are connected to the charging connection (16), and the series switching devices (22a-22c) and/or the parallel switching devices (18a-18h) are contactors with return lines.
B60L 58/20 - Procédés ou agencements de circuits pour surveiller ou commander des batteries ou des piles à combustible, spécialement adaptés pour des véhicules électriques pour la surveillance et la commande des batteries de plusieurs modules de batterie ayant différentes tensions nominales
B60L 1/00 - Fourniture de l'énergie électrique à l'équipement auxiliaire des véhicules à traction électrique
The invention relates to a computer-implemented method (100) for identifying the cause of a defect occurring multiple times in technical devices of a type of technical device which is preferably a vehicle battery (2) or a vehicle (3), having the following steps: detecing (101) operating data of a plurality of technical devices of the type, said operating data comprising value curves of time-resolved measurement parameters and characterizing the operating behavior and the environment of a respective technical device from a field operation, and defect-related state data of the respective technical device, the operating data of the technical devices in which the defect has occurred being marked as defective; generating (102) features by processing at least some of the operating data by means of mathematical operations and/or by selecting data regions from the operating data, each said features being correlated with different possible causes of the defect; selecting (103) features relevant to the defect from the generated features by chaining feature selection methods; and identifying (104) the cause of the defect as the intersection (1) between the different possible defect causes with which the relevant features are correlated. The method is adapted so as to carry out a measure to resolve the defect on at least one technical device of said type.
G01R 31/36 - Dispositions pour le test, la mesure ou la surveillance de l’état électrique d’accumulateurs ou de batteries, p. ex. de la capacité ou de l’état de charge
G07C 5/08 - Enregistrement ou indication de données de marche autres que le temps de circulation, de fonctionnement, d'arrêt ou d'attente, avec ou sans enregistrement des temps de circulation, de fonctionnement, d'arrêt ou d'attente
H01M 50/24 - MonturesBoîtiers secondaires ou cadresBâtis, modules ou blocsDispositifs de suspensionAmortisseursDispositifs de transport ou de manutentionSupports caractérisés par les propriétés physiques des boîtiers ou des bâtis, p. ex. dimensions adaptés pour protéger les batteries de leur environnement, p. ex. de la corrosion
H01M 50/289 - MonturesBoîtiers secondaires ou cadresBâtis, modules ou blocsDispositifs de suspensionAmortisseursDispositifs de transport ou de manutentionSupports caractérisés par des éléments d’espacement ou des moyens de positionnement dans les racks, les cadres ou les blocs
H01M 50/30 - Aménagements pour faciliter l’échappement des gaz
zuzuzu) is located below a plane (E) which runs through the tire rotational axis (7) and which is parallel to a tangent (T) through the highest point (O) of the part of the test bench roller (5) in the housing interior (3) projecting into the housing interior (3).
G01L 5/28 - Appareils ou procédés pour la mesure des forces, du travail, de la puissance mécanique ou du couple, spécialement adaptés à des fins spécifiques pour le test des freins
The invention relates to an electrically driven axle (1) for a motor vehicle comprising a first electric machine (12) and a second electric machine (22). The first electric machine (12) is rotationally connected or can be rotationally connected to a first output shaft (15) via a first sub-transmission (10), and the second electric machine (22) is rotationally connected or can be rotationally connected to a second output shaft (25) via a second sub-transmission (20). The first sub-transmission (10) has a first input spur gear stage (13) and a first output spur gear stage (14), a first input shaft (11) rotationally connected to the first electric machine (12) being rotationally connected to a first countershaft (16) via the first input spur gear stage (13) and the first countershaft (16) being rotationally connected to the first output shaft (15) via the first output spur gear stage (14), and the second sub-transmission (20) has a second input spur gear stage (23) and a second output spur gear stage (24), a second input shaft (21) rotationally connected to the second electric machine (22) being rotationally connected to a second countershaft (26) via the second input spur gear stage (23) and the second countershaft (26) being rotationally connected to the second output shaft (25) via the second output spur gear stage (24). One of the countershafts (16; 26) is formed by a first hollow shaft (H1), and the other countershaft (26; 16) is provided within the first hollow shaft (H1). In order to improve the efficiency, the other countershaft (26; 16) is mounted within the first hollow shaft (H1) via at least one first radial bearing (R1), the input spur gear stages (13, 23) and output spur gear stages (14, 24) each have at least two helical spur gears, and between the first countershaft (16) and the second countershaft (26) is at least one first axial bearing (A1), which is designed to support the two countershafts (16, 26) with respect to one another in at least one axial direction (P1).
B60K 7/00 - Disposition du moteur dans ou jouxtant une roue motrice
B60K 17/04 - Agencement ou montage des transmissions sur les véhicules caractérisées par la disposition, l'emplacement ou le type de mécanisme de transmission
F16H 57/00 - Parties constitutives générales des transmissions
B60K 17/02 - Agencement ou montage des transmissions sur les véhicules caractérisées par la disposition, l'emplacement ou le type d'embrayage
The invention relates to a cylinder head (1) for an internal combustion engine, comprising a plurality of cylinders (2, 3), in particular in an in-line arrangement, which have at least one outlet opening (4, 5; 6, 7), preferably two outlet openings (4, 5; 6, 7), per cylinder (2, 3), wherein outlet paths (8, 9) emanate from the outlet openings (4, 5; 6, 7), which outlet paths open into at least one exhaust gas collection path (P1, P2), wherein the at least one exhaust gas collection path (P1, P2) extends substantially in a longitudinal direction (L) of the cylinder head (1) over at least two cylinders (2, 3), and wherein the at least one exhaust gas collection path (P1, P2) opens into a flange opening (19, 20) arranged in an end face (18) of the cylinder head (1). A compact and streamlined cylinder head (1) can be obtained if the at least one exhaust gas collection path (P1) is designed as an exhaust gas collection channel (10, 11) fully integrated into the cylinder head (1) and is produced by casting together with the cylinder head (1).
The present invention relates to a control method for controlling a valve position (VP) of a control valve (100) for controlling a gas flow, in particular in a fuel cell system, wherein the following steps are provided: - specifying a target position (SP) for the valve position (VP) of the control valve (100), - detecting the actual position (IP) for the valve position (VP) of the control valve (100), - determining a position difference (PD) between the target position (SP) and the actual position (IP), - specifying a positioning speed (PV) for the positioning movement (PB) of the control valve (100) from the actual position (IP) towards the target position (SP) on the basis of the determined positioning direction (PD), - moving the control valve (100) towards the target position (SP) at the specified positioning speed (PV).
F16K 1/22 - Soupapes ou clapets, c.-à-d. dispositifs obturateurs dont l'élément de fermeture possède au moins une composante du mouvement d'ouverture ou de fermeture perpendiculaire à la surface d'obturation à éléments de fermeture articulés à pivot comportant disque ou volet pivotant dont l'axe de rotation traverse le corps de soupape, p. ex. régulateurs à papillon
F16K 31/04 - Moyens de fonctionnementDispositifs de retour à la position de repos électriquesMoyens de fonctionnementDispositifs de retour à la position de repos magnétiques utilisant un moteur
G05D 7/06 - Commande de débits caractérisée par l'utilisation de moyens électriques
56.
METHOD FOR SEMI-AUTOMATICALLY MARKING RELEVANT INCIDENTS IN MEASUREMENT SERIES
The invention relates to a method for identifying relevant incidents in a measurement series of a real journey of a vehicle, comprising: capturing measurement data of a journey with a vehicle; determining anomaly data on the basis of the captured measurement data, which correspond to predefined time intervals of the journey, wherein the anomaly data describe a region of the measurement data, wherein an anomaly is characterised by the reaching of a predefined threshold value of the anomaly data and/or a condition in relation to the measurement data; automatically classifying at least one relevant incident on the basis of the determined anomaly data; and outputting the at least one classified relevant incident to a user via a user interface; and capturing an input of the user, wherein the input describes a classification of the at least one classified relevant incident which was output, and wherein classified data are formed which describe at least one identified relevant incident.
G07C 5/08 - Enregistrement ou indication de données de marche autres que le temps de circulation, de fonctionnement, d'arrêt ou d'attente, avec ou sans enregistrement des temps de circulation, de fonctionnement, d'arrêt ou d'attente
B60W 50/00 - Détails des systèmes d'aide à la conduite des véhicules routiers qui ne sont pas liés à la commande d'un sous-ensemble particulier
G06F 30/15 - Conception de véhicules, d’aéronefs ou d’embarcations
G06F 30/27 - Optimisation, vérification ou simulation de l’objet conçu utilisant l’apprentissage automatique, p. ex. l’intelligence artificielle, les réseaux neuronaux, les machines à support de vecteur [MSV] ou l’apprentissage d’un modèle
57.
DETERMINATION DEVICE FOR DETERMINING AT LEAST ONE EXHAUST GAS PARAMETER OF AN EXHAUST GAS FLOW OF A FUEL CELL SYSTEM
The invention relates to a determination device (10) for determining at least one exhaust gas parameter (AP) of an exhaust gas flow (ABS) of a fuel cell system (200), wherein a separating portion (20) with a separating interface (22) for fluidically connecting to a counter-separating interface (222) of an exhaust gas portion (220) of the fuel cell system (200) is provided for separating an analysis flow (ANS) from the exhaust gas flow (ABS); a condenser portion (30) is provided downstream of the separating portion (20), having a condenser device (100) for separating a liquid analysis condensate (ANK) from the analysis flow (ANS); and an analysis portion (40) is provided further downstream of the condenser portion (30), having an analysis device (42) for analyzing the analysis condensate (ANK) and determining at least one exhaust gas parameter (AP) in the analysis condensate (ANK).
Test devices for measuring torques, comprising an input shaft (20), an output shaft (26), a clutch (24) by means of which the rotation of the input shaft (20) can be transmitted to the output shaft (26), and a torque sensor (22) by means of which a torque transmitted from the input shaft (20) to the output shaft (26) can be measured, are known. According to the invention, the input shaft (20) is in the form of a hollow shaft through which the output shaft (26) extends from the clutch (24) to the opposite output side (28) of the output shaft (26). A test system having a test device (18) of this type is also proposed. By means of these test devices and assciated test systems, a small angular offset and a small radial offset can be compensated and the cantilever load on the clutch can be reduced because the lengths of the shafts can be reduced since they no longer have to project beyond the region of the wheel mounts of the vehicle axles.
In order to enable the cylinder heads (10a, 10b) to be easily adapted to different combustion methods and/or fuels during production, the first cylinder head (10a) and the second cylinder head (10b) are produced on the same production line (2), wherein the first cylinder head (10a) and the second cylinder head (10b) are each provided with a group of cylinder head screw bores (11a, 11b) in the same production line (2), said cylinder head screw bores being designed for the first cylinder head (10a) and the second cylinder head (10b) are substantially identical in number, position and size, wherein the first cylinder head (10a) is provided with at least one further cylinder head screw bore (12) and at least one injector bore (18) is formed in the second cylinder head (10b) at a substantially identical position instead of the further cylinder head screw bore (12).
F02B 69/00 - Moteurs à combustion interne transformables en un autre type de moteur à combustion non prévus en Moteurs à combustion interne de différents types caractérisés par des structures facilitant l'utilisation des mêmes pièces principales dans les différents types
The present invention is related to a plate device (10) for an electrochemical fuel cell (110) in a fuel cell stack (100), comprising at least one inlet port (20) for receiving a fluid flow (FF) within the fuel cell stack (100), an inlet transition section (30) for each inlet port (20) receiving the fluid flow (FF) from the at least one inlet port (20) and distributing it to a central section (40) providing the electrochemical fuel cell functionality, an outlet transition section (50) for each inlet port (20), receiving the fluid flow (FF) from the central section (40) and guiding it to at least one outlet port (60), wherein the inlet transition section (30) and the outlet transition section (50) comprise guiding means (70) for guiding the fluid flow (FF) across the inlet transition section (30) and the outlet transition section (40), wherein the inlet transition section (30) and/or the outlet transition section (50) comprise at least one activation area (32, 52) additionally providing the electrochemical fuel cell functionality and being separate from a regular area (34, 54) wherein the guiding means (70) in the activation area (32, 52) comprise an activation contact surface (ACS) to contact an adjacent plate device (10) and wherein the activation contact surface (ACS) is greater than a regular contact surface (RCS) of the guiding means (70) in the regular area (34, 54).
H01M 8/026 - CollecteursSéparateurs, p. ex. séparateurs bipolairesInterconnecteurs caractérisés par la configuration des canaux, p. ex. par le champ d’écoulement du réactif ou du réfrigérant caractérisés par les rainures, p. ex. leur pas ou leur profondeur
H01M 8/0263 - CollecteursSéparateurs, p. ex. séparateurs bipolairesInterconnecteurs caractérisés par la configuration des canaux, p. ex. par le champ d’écoulement du réactif ou du réfrigérant comprenant des chemins zigzagants ou en serpentins
H01M 8/04089 - Dispositions pour la commande des paramètres des réactifs, p. ex. de la pression ou de la concentration des réactifs gazeux
H01M 8/2483 - Détails des groupements d'éléments à combustible caractérisés par les collecteurs d’admission internes
H01M 8/10 - Éléments à combustible avec électrolytes solides
61.
SYSTEM FOR MEASURING TEMPORALLY RESOLVED FLOW PROCESSES OF GASES
Systems for measuring temporally resolved flow processes are known, comprising a rotational displacer (18) arranged in a gas line (10) between an inlet (12) and an outlet (14), a translational pressure difference sensor (26), which is arranged in a bypass line (16) bypassing the rotational displacer (18) and which comprises a displacement body (30) that is translationally movable in a measurement chamber (28), a detection device (32) that records the deflection of the displacement body (30) in the measurement chamber (28) and is connected to a control and evaluation unit (24), and a drive motor (20) via which the rotational displacer (18) is driven in a manner regulated via the control and evaluation unit (24) as a function of the measured values of the detection device (32). In order to be able to use these systems for measuring gases as well, it is proposed that the displacement body (30) comprises a body part (42) which is produced from a diamagnetic material and interacts with a magnetic field which is generated by magnets (40) in the measurement chamber (28) and which has an alternating polarity in a width direction (Y), which is directed perpendicularly to the displacement direction (X) of the displacement body (30) and perpendicularly to the gravitational force (Z), and has a constant polarity in the displacement direction (X).
G01F 1/28 - Mesure du débit volumétrique ou du débit massique d'un fluide ou d'un matériau solide fluent, dans laquelle le fluide passe à travers un compteur par un écoulement continu en utilisant des effets mécaniques par détection des effets dynamiques de l’écoulement par débitmètre à force d'entraînement, p. ex. du type à palette ou à poussée
G01F 1/34 - Mesure du débit volumétrique ou du débit massique d'un fluide ou d'un matériau solide fluent, dans laquelle le fluide passe à travers un compteur par un écoulement continu en utilisant des effets mécaniques en mesurant la pression ou la différence de pression
G01F 15/02 - Compensation ou correction des variations de pression, de poids spécifique ou de température
G01F 3/10 - Compteurs à rotor entraîné par engrenages ou lobé
62.
METHOD FOR CARRYING OUT A TEST RUN ON A VEHICLE TEST BENCH
The aim of the invention is to make carrying out a test run (P) with a vehicle (2) on a vehicle test bench (1) more reliable using GNSS signals (GS). This aim is achieved in that the vehicle (2) determines a comparative position (VP) of the vehicle (2) from sensor data (SD) from at least one further vehicle sensor (23) while the test run (P) is being carried out, and the vehicle (2) transmits the determined comparative position (VP) to the vehicle test bench (1), a change in position (ΔP) of the vehicle (2) is determined from the specified test run (P), and the target value (SWS) for the GNSS signal generator (22) is determined from the comparative position (VP) and the change in position (ΔP).
The present invention relates to an aerodynamic measuring grid (14), comprising: a guide frame (20) with longitudinal struts (34) and transverse struts (36), Kiel probes (22) arranged parallel to each other or substantially parallel to each other on the guide frame (20) and having a tubular main body (56) with a fluid inlet (28), a lance (44) with an inner channel (54), the lance (44) being arranged in the tubular main body (56) and an outer channel (70) being located between the lance (44) and the tubular main body (56), the inner channel (54) having an inner channel inlet (58) and an inner channel outlet (62) and the outer channel (70) having an outer channel inlet (67) and an outer channel outlet (68), a pressure measuring device (32), and air pressure lines which are each arranged between the inner channel outlet (62) of one of the Kiel probes (22) and the pressure measuring device (32) and at least partially in the longitudinal struts (34) and/or the transverse struts (36).
G01M 9/06 - Dispositions pour la mesure spécialement adaptées aux tests aérodynamiques
G01P 5/14 - Mesure de la vitesse des fluides, p. ex. d'un courant atmosphériqueMesure de la vitesse de corps, p. ex. navires, aéronefs, par rapport à des fluides en mesurant les différences de pression dans le fluide
G01P 5/165 - Agencement ou structure des tubes de Pitot
Method for monitoring the thermal load of at least one damping resistor (8) of an electrical conversion circuit, wherein: the at least one damping resistor (8) is part of at least one filter (5) comprising capacitors (7), preferably at least one LCL filter; the filter (5) has been connected between a transformer (2) and a power converter (1) along connecting lines (3) which connect a first side of the transformer (2) and an AC side of the power converter (1); a calculation parameter is determined which is characteristic of the thermal load of the damping resistor, characterised in that the calculation parameter (18, 19) is calculated from the voltages of the connecting lines (3).
H02M 1/12 - Dispositions de réduction des harmoniques d'une entrée ou d'une sortie en courant alternatif
H02M 1/32 - Moyens pour protéger les convertisseurs autrement que par mise hors circuit automatique
H02M 7/5395 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant alternatif sans possibilité de réversibilité par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des tubes à décharge avec électrode de commande ou des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande utilisant des dispositifs du type triode ou transistor exigeant l'application continue d'un signal de commande utilisant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs, p. ex. onduleurs à impulsions à un seul commutateur avec commande automatique de la forme d'onde ou de la fréquence de sortie par modulation de largeur d'impulsions
H02M 7/219 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant alternatif en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans possibilité de réversibilité par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des tubes à décharge avec électrode de commande ou des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande utilisant des dispositifs du type triode ou transistor exigeant l'application continue d'un signal de commande utilisant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs dans une configuration en pont
H02P 29/68 - Commande ou détermination de la température du moteur ou de l'entraînement basée sur la température d’un composant d’entraînement ou d’un composant semi-conducteur
The present invention relates to a fuel cell system (100) for generating electric current, having at least one fuel cell stack (110), the fuel cell stack (110) having an air side (120) and a fuel side (130) and the air side (120) having an air supply section (122) for supplying supply air (ZL) to the air side (120) and an exhaust air discharge section (124) for discharging exhaust air (AL) from the air side (120), and furthermore the fuel side (130) having a fuel supply section (132) for supplying fuel (BS) to the fuel side (130) and an exhaust gas discharge section (134) for discharging exhaust gas (AG) from the fuel side (130), a compressor device (140) being arranged in the air supply section (122) for compressing the supply air (ZL), a supply air/exhaust air heat exchanger (150) being arranged downstream of this compressor device (140) for transferring heat from the supply air (ZL) to the exhaust air (AL).
H01M 8/04007 - Dispositions auxiliaires, p. ex. pour la commande de la pression ou pour la circulation des fluides relatives à l’échange de chaleur
H01M 8/04014 - Échange de chaleur par des fluides gazeuxÉchange de chaleur par combustion des réactifs
H01M 8/04089 - Dispositions pour la commande des paramètres des réactifs, p. ex. de la pression ou de la concentration des réactifs gazeux
H01M 8/04111 - Dispositions pour la commande des paramètres des réactifs, p. ex. de la pression ou de la concentration des réactifs gazeux utilisant un assemblage turbine compresseur
The present invention relates to an electrolysis system (10), an electrolysis plant (30) with an electrolysis system (10) and a synthesis system (20) and a method (1000) for generating synthesis gas by means of the electrolysis system (10).
C25B 15/021 - Commande ou régulation des opérations de chauffage ou de refroidissement
C25B 15/08 - Alimentation ou vidange des réactifs ou des électrolytesRégénération des électrolytes
H01M 8/04014 - Échange de chaleur par des fluides gazeuxÉchange de chaleur par combustion des réactifs
H01M 8/0656 - Combinaison d’éléments à combustible avec des moyens de production de réactifs ou pour le traitement de résidus avec des moyens de production des réactifs gazeux par des moyens électrochimiques
H01M 8/0668 - Élimination du monoxyde de carbone ou du dioxyde de carbone
67.
CHARGING STATION FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY CHARGING A PLURALITY OF ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN VEHICLES
The invention relates to a charging station (10) for simultaneously charging a plurality of electrically driven vehicles (14), comprising: a DC voltage intermediate circuit (22); a plurality of basic converters (1a-1h) which are connected to the DC voltage intermediate circuit (22) and each of which is switchably connected to a charging connection (4a-4h) via a connection line (24a-24h); a boost converter (2a, 2b) which is connected to the DC voltage intermediate circuit (22) and which, during an operation of the charging station (10), can be connected to at least one of the charging connections (4a-4h) via a booster line (26a, 26b) and a respective connection node (18a-18h) on different connection lines of the connection lines (24a-24h); a vehicle communication device (31) for communicating charging information between the charging station (10) and the vehicles (14); and a control unit (27) for controlling the basic converters (1a-1h) and the boost converter (2a, 2b) according to a desired power transfer, each connection line (24a-24h) having a safety-related switch (6a-6h) between the charging connection (4a-4h) and the connection node (18a-18h).
B60L 53/10 - Procédés de chargement de batteries spécialement adaptées aux véhicules électriquesStations de charge ou équipements de charge embarqués pour ces batteriesÉchange d'éléments d’emmagasinage d'énergie dans les véhicules électriques caractérisés par le transfert d’énergie entre la station de charge et le véhicule
The present invention relates to a control method for controlling a reformer temperature, the method comprising the steps of: dividing a flow of reformer gas (22) into a flow of reformer feed gas (24) and a flow of reformer bypass gas (26) by means of a reformer gas flow divider (28); directing the flow of reformer feed gas (24) through a high-temperature valve (30) and a reformer (20) for steam reforming; directing the flow of reformer bypass gas (26) through an oxidation catalyst (40) for purifying exhaust gases, wherein the passage of the flow of reformer feed gas (24) through the high-temperature valve (30) and the reformer (20) is controlled by means of the high-temperature valve (30) in order to thereby control the reformer temperature.
C01B 3/38 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p. ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air par réaction d'hydrocarbures avec des agents gazéifiants avec des catalyseurs
H01M 8/04014 - Échange de chaleur par des fluides gazeuxÉchange de chaleur par combustion des réactifs
H01M 8/04089 - Dispositions pour la commande des paramètres des réactifs, p. ex. de la pression ou de la concentration des réactifs gazeux
H01M 8/0612 - Combinaison d’éléments à combustible avec des moyens de production de réactifs ou pour le traitement de résidus avec des moyens de production des réactifs gazeux à partir de matériaux contenant du carbone
69.
METHOD FOR CONFIGURING AND INTEGRATING A SIMULATION MODEL FROM A SOURCE TEST SYSTEM INTO A TARGET TEST SYSTEM
The invention relates to a method for configuring and integrating a simulation model (20) from a source test system (10) into a target test system (46), wherein a metadata structure (47) is created, by means of a conversion, in a neutral abstraction layer (44) from determined model configuration data and test system configuration data of a source test system (10), which metadata structure can be easily and automatically transferred, by means of a subsequent conversion, to a new target test system.
The present invention relates to an electrolysis device (100) for producing a fuel (B) in electrolysis cells of at least one electrolysis stack (110), comprising an air supply portion (122) for supplying feed air (ZL) to an air side (120) of the electrolysis stack (110) and an air discharge portion (124) for discharging exhaust air (AL) from the air side (120) of the electrolysis stack (110), and also comprising a water supply portion (132) for supplying water (W) to a fuel side (130) of the electrolysis stack (110) and a fuel discharge portion (134) for discharging fuel mixture (BG), which comprises fuel (B) and water (W), from the fuel side (130) of the electrolysis stack (110), wherein: the fuel discharge portion (134) has a condenser device (140) for cooling the fuel mixture (BG) to below a condensation temperature of water (W), for condensing the water (W) and separating the water from the fuel (B); in the fuel discharge portion (134), upstream of the condenser device (140), a fuel-mixture/feed-air heat exchanger (150) is arranged in heat-transferring contact with the air supply portion (122) for transferring heat from the fuel mixture (BG) to the feed air (ZL).
The invention is related to a fuel cell stack (100) for a fuel cell system (200) comprising multiple fuel cells (110) stacked upon each other along a stack direction (SD), wherein the fuel cells (110) are enclosed by end plates (10), wherein the end plates (10) are mechanically connected with each other by connection straps (120) extending along the stack direction (SD) on different sides of the fuel cells (110), wherein the connection straps (120) consist of fibre reinforced matrix material and are wound around connection lugs (122) connected to connection pins (60) of the end plates (10), wherein the end plates (10) are electrically insulating and the contact area between the end plates (10) and the fuel cells (110) is free from an insulating plate.
The present invention relates to a method for determining an estimated actual state of charge (SOC) of at least one battery cell (110) of a battery device (100), characterised by the following steps: - measuring the cell current (ZA) of the battery cell (110) over at least one time unit (TE); - determining a current actual battery charge (IBL) of the battery cell (110) based on an initial battery charge (ABL) and the detected cell current (ZA); - determining a current actual battery voltage (IBS) of the battery cell (110) by means of a non-linear, double capacitor model (NDC) based on the determined actual battery charge (IBL), - determining the actual state of charge (SOC) of the battery cell (110) based on the determined actual battery voltage (IBS).
G01R 31/367 - Logiciels à cet effet, p. ex. pour le test des batteries en utilisant une modélisation ou des tables de correspondance
G01R 31/3828 - Dispositions pour la surveillance de variables des batteries ou des accumulateurs, p. ex. état de charge utilisant l’intégration du courant
G01R 31/387 - Détermination de la capacité ampère-heure ou de l’état de charge
G01R 31/392 - Détermination du vieillissement ou de la dégradation de la batterie, p. ex. état de santé
G01R 31/396 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour le test ou la surveillance d’éléments particuliers ou de groupes particuliers d’éléments dans une batterie
73.
METHOD FOR DETERMINING A STATE OF HEALTH AND/OR AN INTERNAL RESISTANCE OF A BATTERY
The present invention relates to a method for determining a state of health (SOH) and/or an internal resistance (R0) of a battery, comprising the following steps: stimulating the battery with current, measuring a resulting voltage and a resulting current due to the stimulation of the battery, and measuring a temperature (T) of the battery and a state of charge (SOC) of the battery, applying an FFT algorithm to the resulting voltage to determine a plurality of frequency components of the resulting voltage, and applying the FFT algorithm to the resulting current to determine a plurality of frequency components of the resulting current, calculating a plurality of frequency components of the impedance from the plurality of frequency components of the resulting voltage and the plurality of frequency components of the resulting current, and determining the state of health (SOH) and/or the internal resistance (R0) of the battery by means of a trained neural network (NN), wherein the plurality of frequency components of the impedance, the temperature (T) of the battery, and the state of charge (SOC) of the battery are used as input data (70) for the trained neural network (NN).
The present invention relates to a test device (10) for a vehicle test stand for positioning on an axle of a test vehicle, comprising: a base frame (12); an electric load machine (14) which is disposed on the base frame (12) and has a load shaft (16) for applying a load torque to an axle of the test vehicle; a base plate (15) disposed on a side of the base frame (12) which, during operation, faces the ground; damping devices (18), which are disposed between the base frame (12) and the base plate (15) on two different sides of the load shaft (16) and at a distance perpendicular to the load shaft (16), for vibration damping of the base frame (12) relative to the base plate, wherein a connecting line (24) between two damping devices (18) disposed on different sides of the load shaft (16) runs through the load shaft (16).
G01M 13/025 - Bancs d’essai avec moyens d’entraînement en rotation et de chargeSimulations de charge ou d’entraînement
F16F 15/02 - Suppression des vibrations dans les systèmes non rotatifs, p. ex. dans des systèmes alternatifsSuppression des vibrations dans les systèmes rotatifs par l'utilisation d'organes ne se déplaçant pas avec le système rotatif
The invention relates to an aging method for an accelerated use-specific aging of battery cells (100) on a test stand in order to generate calibration information (KIN), said method being characterized by the following steps: − electrically connecting at least one battery cell (100) to an aging device (10), − carrying out a referencing process (R) for determining the actual SoH (IS) of the connected battery cell (100), − carrying out a first aging loop (AS1), having the steps of - carrying out a first aging process (AP1), which is specific to a first type of aging of the connected battery cell (100), and a subsequent referencing process (R) for determining the actual SoH (IS) of the connected battery cell (100) after the first aging process (AP1), - comparing the determined actual SoH (IS) with a first aging threshold value (AG1) and - repeating the first aging process (AP1) and the referencing process (R) until the determined actual SoH (IS) falls below the first aging threshold value (AG1), − carrying out a second aging loop (AS2), having the steps of - carrying out a second aging process (AP2), which is specific to a second type of aging of the connected battery cell (100) that differs from the first type of aging, and a subsequent referencing process (R) for determining the actual SoH (IS) of the connected battery cell (100) after the second aging process (AP2), - comparing the determined actual SoH (IS) with a second aging threshold value (AG2) and - repeating the second aging process (AP2) and the referencing process (R) until the determined actual SoH (IS) falls below the second aging threshold value (AG2), and − outputting calibration information (KIN), which contains measurement values of the connected battery cell (100), said measurement values being associated with at least one of the determined actual SoHs (IS), for use in a control device of a vehicle.
G01R 31/367 - Logiciels à cet effet, p. ex. pour le test des batteries en utilisant une modélisation ou des tables de correspondance
B60L 58/16 - Procédés ou agencements de circuits pour surveiller ou commander des batteries ou des piles à combustible, spécialement adaptés pour des véhicules électriques pour la surveillance et la commande des batteries en fonction du vieillissement de la batterie, p. ex. du nombre de cycles de charge ou de l'état de santé [SoH]
G01R 31/392 - Détermination du vieillissement ou de la dégradation de la batterie, p. ex. état de santé
G01R 35/00 - Test ou étalonnage des appareils couverts par les autres groupes de la présente sous-classe
41 - Éducation, divertissements, activités sportives et culturelles
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
Operation of businesses [for others] and Organization consultancy; Consultancy in the field of communications strategies in public relations; Professional business consultancy; Business management consultancy; professional businessconsultancy; Conducting of business research; Interim business management; Business management assistance in trade and industry; Market intelligence services; Market research services; Market studies; Marketing; Public relations services; Consultancy relating to business organisation; Business consultancy relating to marketing; Consultancy in connection with the acquisition of businesses; Marketing consulting; Consultancy and advisory services in the field of business strategy; public relations consultant; Business consultancy in connection with mergers and acquisitions; Management (advisory services for business -); Business organization consultancy services; Business administration and business consultancy services; conducting studies in the field of public relations; Preparation of market analysis reports; Advisory services relating to business; corporate management consultancy; Consultancy and advisory services in the field of business strategy. Educational instruction; Provision of training courses; Conducting courses, seminars and workshops; Publishing services; Education information; Providing on-line electronic publications, not downloadable; Online publication of electronic books and journals; Arranging and conducting of conferences; Arranging and conducting of congresses; Publication of texts. Consultancy and research in the fields of science, engineering and information technology; Technical consultancy relating to product development; Analysis and evaluation of product development; Providing of information in the field of product development; Mechanical and electrical engineering; Conducting technical project studies; Technical project planning in the field of engineering.
77.
CONTROL OF AN OPERATING FLUID SUPPLY FLOW FOR BRANCHING SECTIONS OF A FLOW PATH OF A FUEL CELL SYSTEM
The present invention relates to a method for controlling an operating fluid supply flow for supplying branching sections (211, 212, 213, 214) of a flow path (210) of a fuel cell system (300) with an operating fluid, which can be provided to the flow path (210) by an operating fluid conveying device (220) with an actual supply flow (IVS). First, the degrees of passage of control elements (230) are detected, the control elements being arranged downstream of the operating fluid conveying device (220) in the branching sections (211, 212, 213, 214) and the degree of passage of each of the control elements being controllable in order to individually set an actual branch supply flow (IZVS) in the respective branching section (211, 212, 213, 214). On the basis of at least one of the detected degrees of passage, a target supply flow (SVS) with which the operating fluid is to be provided to the branching sections (211, 212, 213, 214) by the operating fluid conveying device (220) is determined. The actual supply flow (IVS) is then controlled to the target supply flow (SVS). The invention further relates to a computer program product, a control device (100), a control system (200) and a fuel cell system (300), each of which make use of the method according to the invention.
The invention relates to an on-board system (100) and a method for evaluating the state of health (SOH) of a high-voltage battery (30) having a plurality of battery cells (31). Functional modules of the on-board system and method steps relate to the processes of: setting (11, S11) a discharge pulse via a measuring resistor (22) and a semiconductor switch (21); measuring (12, S12) cell voltages of individual battery cells (31) at a specified frequency; determining (13, S13) voltage differences between minimum cell voltages and maximum cell voltages; determining (14, S14) the internal resistance of the high-voltage battery (30); and determining (15, S15) the SoH on the basis of a characteristic diagram.
G01R 31/367 - Logiciels à cet effet, p. ex. pour le test des batteries en utilisant une modélisation ou des tables de correspondance
G01R 31/389 - Mesure de l’impédance interne, de la conductance interne ou des variables similaires
G01R 31/392 - Détermination du vieillissement ou de la dégradation de la batterie, p. ex. état de santé
G01R 31/396 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour le test ou la surveillance d’éléments particuliers ou de groupes particuliers d’éléments dans une batterie
The present invention relates to a method for controlling a battery system (10), in particular a vehicle battery system, having a plurality of battery units (12) connected in series, the method comprising the steps of: (a) measuring output voltages of the battery units (12) and, if the difference between two output voltages of different battery units (12) exceeds a threshold value: (b) carrying out balancing for charge equalisation between the two battery units (12) until the difference between the two output voltages is equalised, (c) repeating steps (a) and (b), and in the process: (d) measuring the time periods between which balancing is carried out, wherein the method is characterised by the steps of: (e) determining a change in the time periods over a plurality of measurements, and (f) controlling the battery system (10) depending on the change detected in step (e).
The invention relates to an electric drive axle (1) for a motor vehicle, comprising a first power path, which comprises a first electric machine (3) and a first gearbox (5), a second power path, which comprises a second electric machine (4) and a second gearbox (6), at least one supporting frame (13; 14; 30) and an axle bridge (2) which extends in the transverse direction of the vehicle, supports at least two drive wheels (11, 12) and forms a receiving space (17) for a differential (8), the receiving space (17) being delimited in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle by a first transmission opening (15) and a second transmission opening (16), wherein the first power path extends through the first transmission opening (15) of the axle bridge (2) and the second power path extends through the second transmission opening (16) of the axle bridge (2) and both power paths are or can be drivingly connected to the differential (8) and the differential also is or can be drivingly connected to the at least two drive wheels (11, 12), with a single-part or multi-part supporting frame (13; 14; 30) for receiving the gearboxes (5, 6). In order to reduce the resulting tolerance in the case of the electric drive axle (1), according to the invention the first gearbox (5) and/or the second gearbox (6) and the differential (8) are disposed on the single-part or multi-part supporting frame (13, 14; 30) and the single-part or multi-part supporting frame (13, 14; 30) extends through the first transmission opening (15) and through the second transmission opening (16) and is connected directly or indirectly to the axle bridge (2).
The present invention relates to a fuel cell tower (10) for a fuel cell system, the fuel cell tower comprising a housing (20) with a housing interior (22) in which at least two fuel cell stacks (30) are arranged one above the other along a stacking direction (SR), wherein at least one weight (40) is arranged in the housing interior (22) above the fuel cell stacks (30), in contact with the uppermost fuel cell stack (30) in a manner allowing the transmission of gravitational force (GK), for applying at least a portion of the gravitational force (GK) of the weight (40) onto the fuel cell stacks (30).
F16K 31/06 - Moyens de fonctionnementDispositifs de retour à la position de repos électriquesMoyens de fonctionnementDispositifs de retour à la position de repos magnétiques utilisant un aimant
H01M 8/247 - Dispositions pour serrer un empilement, pour l’aménagement d’un empilement dans un boîtier ou pour assembler plusieurs boîtiers
82.
CONNECTION ELEMENT FOR AN ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE CONNECTION OF AN ELECTRICAL STACK CONNECTION OF AN SOFC FUEL CELL STACK IN AN SOFC FUEL CELL TOWER
The present invention relates to a connection element (10) for an electrically conductive connection of an electrical stack connection (122) of an SOFC fuel cell stack (120) in an SOFC fuel cell tower (100) in which at least two SOFC fuel cell stacks (120) are placed one above the other in a stacking direction (SR), the connection element comprising an electrically conductive connection body (20) having a first body connection (22) and a second body connection (24) spaced apart therefrom, wherein the connection body (20) has at least one compensation portion (26) between the first body connection (22) and the second body connection (24) for elastic length compensation of the connection distance (AA) between the two body connections (22, 24) in a compensation direction (AR).
H01M 8/249 - Groupement d'éléments à combustible, p. ex. empilement d'éléments à combustible comprenant plusieurs groupements d'éléments à combustible, p. ex. ensembles modulaires
H01R 11/01 - Éléments de connexion individuels assurant plusieurs emplacements de connexion espacés pour des organes conducteurs qui sont ou qui peuvent être interconnectés de cette façon, p. ex. pièces d'extrémité pour fils ou câbles supportées par le fil ou par le câble et possédant des moyens pour faciliter la connexion électrique avec quelqu'autre fil, borne, ou organe conducteur, répartiteurs caractérisés par la forme ou par la disposition de l'interconnexion entre leurs emplacements de connexion
H01M 8/2475 - Enceintes, boîtiers ou récipients d’empilements d’éléments à combustible
H01M 8/12 - Éléments à combustible avec électrolytes solides fonctionnant à haute température, p. ex. avec un électrolyte en ZrO2 stabilisé
The present invention provides a method for creating a three-dimensional road map (44), comprising the steps of: a) providing a vehicle (10) which comprises a measuring device (12), which has an inertial measuring system, a GNSS antenna (20) and a camera device (13) which is time-synchronous with the inertial measuring system and the GNSS antenna (20); b) recording the vehicle orientation using the inertial measurement system, the vehicle position using the GNSS antenna (20), and images using the camera device (13) while driving along a lane (60) such that at least some of the images show an outer contact point (32) of a tire (16, 18) and a lane edge (36); c) determining a distance (42) between the outer contact point (32) of the tire (16, 18) and a lane edge point (34) of the lane edge (36) from vehicle orientation values that are each recorded at the same time in step b) and one of the images; d) calculating an absolute position (52) of the lane edge point (34) defined in step c) from the vehicle position and the distance (42) determined in step c) for the point in time;) repeating steps c) and d) for a plurality of temporally successive absolute positions (52); f) determining a first lane edge line (46) of the lane by connecting or interpolating the plurality of temporally successive absolute positions (52); and g) repeating steps b) to e) for a second lane edge (36) opposite the first lane edge (36) and then h) determining a second lane edge line (48) of the lane (60) opposite the first lane edge (36) by connecting or interpolating the plurality of temporally successive absolute positions (54) of the second lane edge (36); and i) outputting the three-dimensional road map (44), comprising the first lane edge line (46) and the second lane edge line (48).
The invention relates to a method for removing nitrogen oxides from an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine (1), operated using hydrogen as fuel, by means of an exhaust gas purification system (2) which has an SCR catalyst (4) and is connected to the internal combustion engine (1), wherein a metered amount of an ammonia-containing reducing agent to be supplied, at the inlet of the SCR catalyst (4), to the exhaust gas is determined. According to the invention, an air-fuel ratio λ of an air-fuel mixture combusted in the internal combustion engine (1) is determined and, if there are predefinable or predefined operating conditions of the internal combustion engine (1), the metered amount is determined on the basis of the determined air-fuel ratio λ. The invention further relates to a hydrogen engine (1) having a connected exhaust gas purification system (2) which has an SCR catalyst (4) and a metering unit (5) for supplying, on the inlet side of the SCR catalyst (4), an ammonia-containing reducing agent into an exhaust gas emitted by the hydrogen engine (1), and having a control unit (10) for determining a metered amount of the reducing agent for reducing nitrogen oxides present in the exhaust gas of the hydrogen engine (1).
F02D 19/02 - Commande des moteurs caractérisés par l'emploi de combustible non liquide, de combustibles multiples ou de substances non combustibles ajoutées au mélange carburant particulière aux moteurs fonctionnant avec des combustibles gazeux
F02D 41/00 - Commande électrique de l'alimentation en mélange combustible ou en ses constituants
F01N 3/20 - Silencieux ou dispositifs d'échappement comportant des moyens pour purifier, rendre inoffensifs ou traiter les gaz d'échappement pour rendre les gaz d'échappement inoffensifs par conversion thermique ou catalytique des composants nocifs des gaz d'échappement caractérisés par les méthodes d'opérationCommande spécialement adaptés à la conversion catalytique
The invention relates to an internal combustion engine (1) having a cylinder head (3), which is cooled according to a top-down cooling concept, for at least one cylinder (2), the cylinder head having, per cylinder (2), at least one injection device (130) with an injector (13) for directly introducing a fuel into a combustion chamber (12), wherein the cylinder head (3) has at least one lower cooling chamber (8) adjacent to a fire deck (7) and at least one upper cooling chamber (9) spaced apart from the fire deck (7), wherein the upper cooling chamber (9) and the lower cooling chamber (8) are separated from one another by an intermediate deck (10), wherein at least one overflow channel (11, 26) is formed between the upper cooling chamber (9) and the lower cooling chamber (8). In order to enable high engine braking powers and to avoid irregular combustion, it is provided that the injection device (130) is at least partially surrounded by a flow-guiding wall (31) in the region of an opening (16) of the injector (13).
F02F 1/40 - Culasses de cylindres avec moyens pour diriger, guider ou diffuser le liquide
F02M 21/02 - Appareils pour alimenter les moteurs en combustibles non liquides, p. ex. en combustibles gazeux stockés sous forme liquide en combustibles gazeux
F02M 53/04 - Injecteurs avec moyens de chauffage, de refroidissement ou d'isolation thermique
F02M 61/14 - Disposition des injecteurs par rapport aux moteursMontage des injecteurs
86.
Method for analyzing an automation system of an installation, emulator for at least partial virtual operation of an automation system of an installation, and system for analyzing an automation system of an installation
The invention relates to a method for analyzing an automation system an emulator for at least partial virtual operation of an automation system of an installation, and a system for analyzing an automation system of an installation. An environment scenario for the installation is simulated. A response signal to be detected by at least one environment sensor is derived from the perspective of the at least one environment sensor on the basis of the simulated environment scenario. The response signal is output to the at least one environment sensor by means of an emulator, wherein the at least one environment sensor generates sensor data on the basis of the output response signal. In addition, the automation system and/or the installation are/is operated by means of the generated sensor data and preferably further sensor data of real and/or simulated sensors.
B60W 50/06 - Détails des systèmes d'aide à la conduite des véhicules routiers qui ne sont pas liés à la commande d'un sous-ensemble particulier pour améliorer la réponse dynamique du système d'aide à la conduite, p. ex. pour améliorer la vitesse de régulation, ou éviter le dépassement de la consigne ou l'instabilité
B60W 30/095 - Prévision du trajet ou de la probabilité de collision
B60W 50/04 - Détails des systèmes d'aide à la conduite des véhicules routiers qui ne sont pas liés à la commande d'un sous-ensemble particulier pour surveiller le fonctionnement du système d'aide à la conduite
B60W 60/00 - Systèmes d’aide à la conduite spécialement adaptés aux véhicules routiers autonomes
The invention relates to a method (1000) for operating an electrolysis system (10) which has at least one electrolyzer stack (100), with an air side (120) and a reactant side (130), and different operating situations. The method (1000) has the steps of detecting the operating situation of the electrolysis system (10) and controlling the electrolysis system (10) on the basis of the detected operating situation. In the method (1000), the operating situation of the electrolysis system (10) is determined to be a special operating situation if the detected operating situation deviates from a normal operation of the electrolysis system (10) for generating a synthesis gas from a reactant as intended. For the detected special operating situation, at least one electric heater (221, 222) is controlled so as to control the temperature of air which can be supplied to the air side (120) in order to control the temperature of the electrolyzer stack (100). Furthermore, for the special operating situation, a heating gas is guided to the reactant side (130), said heating gas having at least one protective gas. The invention also relates to a computer program product, to a control device (20) for carrying out the method (1000), and to an electrolysis system (10) comprising the control device (20).
The present invention relates to a production process for an electrically conductive winding for a rotating electric machine and to an electrically conductive winding (100) which is intended for a rotating electric machine and has a main winding section (10) and at least one winding head section (20), which forms an axial end of the winding (100). The conductor ends (12, 21) of conductor elements (11, 22) of the main winding section (10) and of the at least one winding head section (20) are simultaneously connected to one another by means of a vibration- or friction-welding connection technique, with the construction of the winding (100) providing the suitable conductor sections (11, 22) and such assigned positioning and fixing of these conductor sections opposite one another as is required for the connection technique.
The present invention relates to a fuel cell tower (10) of a fuel cell system having a housing (20), which has a housing space (22), in which at least one fuel cell stack (30) is arranged, wherein the housing (20) has at least one side opening (24), which is closed by means of a side wall (40), wherein at least one compressible compression layer (50) is arranged between the side wall (40), which closes the at least one side opening (24), and the at least one fuel cell stack (30), which compressible compression layer at least in sections contacts the fuel cell stack (30) and an inner side (42) of the side wall (40) in a sealing manner.
H01M 8/2475 - Enceintes, boîtiers ou récipients d’empilements d’éléments à combustible
H01M 8/249 - Groupement d'éléments à combustible, p. ex. empilement d'éléments à combustible comprenant plusieurs groupements d'éléments à combustible, p. ex. ensembles modulaires
H01M 8/12 - Éléments à combustible avec électrolytes solides fonctionnant à haute température, p. ex. avec un électrolyte en ZrO2 stabilisé
The present invention relates to a fuel cell system (100) for generating electrical energy, comprising a fuel cell stack (110) with an anode section (120) and a cathode section (130), the anode section (120) comprising an anode supply section (122) for supplying anode feed gas (AZG) and an anode discharge section (124) for discharging anode exhaust gas (AAG), the cathode section (130) comprising a cathode supply section (132) for supplying cathode feed gas (KZG) and a cathode discharge section (134) for discharging cathode exhaust gas (KAG), wherein the anode discharge section (124) has a divider section (125) for dividing the anode exhaust gas (AAG) into an anode recirculation section (140) for recirculation as anode recirculation gas (ARG) and an anode outlet section (150) for discharge into the environment as anode outlet gas (AUG), wherein a condenser device (126) is arranged in the anode discharge section (124) or in the anode recirculation section (140) in heat-transmitting contact with the cathode supply section (132) to cool the anode exhaust gas (AAG) or the anode recirculation gas (ARG) by heating up the cathode feed gas (KZG), wherein a water outlet (128) is arranged downstream of the condenser device (126) to discharge the condensation water (KW) condensed in the condenser device (126), wherein a mixing section (123) is arranged downstream of the water outlet (128) for mixing the anode recirculation gas (ARG) with fuel gas (BRG) and for supplying this, as anode feed gas (AZG), into the anode supply section (122).
H01M 8/04014 - Échange de chaleur par des fluides gazeuxÉchange de chaleur par combustion des réactifs
H01M 8/04119 - Dispositions pour la commande des paramètres des réactifs, p. ex. de la pression ou de la concentration des réactifs gazeux avec apport simultané ou évacuation simultanée d’électrolyteHumidification ou déshumidification
H01M 8/0662 - Traitement des réactifs gazeux ou des résidus gazeux, p. ex. nettoyage
91.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPERATING A FUEL CELL SYSTEM
The invention relates to a method for operating a fuel cell system (10) that comprises at least one fuel cell stack (100) having an air side (120) and having a fuel side (130). The fuel cell system (10) is operated in various operating situations which include a normal operating situation (BS350) for outputting electrical power and numerous special operating situations during transitions from or to the normal operating situation (BS350). The method comprises detecting a present operating situation of the fuel cell system (10) and controlling the fuel cell system (10) in accordance with the detected present operating situation. For a detected special operating situation, an air temperature of air that can be fed to the fuel cell system (10) via an air inlet portion (112) is controlled by means of at least one electric heater (223, 243). Furthermore, a course of at least one flow path of the thus-heated air in the fuel cell system (10) is selected from at least two possible flow path courses in the fuel cell system (10) in accordance with the special operating situation. The invention also relates to a computer program product and to a control device (20) for carrying out the method. The invention also relates to a fuel cell system (10).
H01M 8/04014 - Échange de chaleur par des fluides gazeuxÉchange de chaleur par combustion des réactifs
H01M 8/04007 - Dispositions auxiliaires, p. ex. pour la commande de la pression ou pour la circulation des fluides relatives à l’échange de chaleur
H01M 8/04225 - Dispositions auxiliaires, p. ex. pour la commande de la pression ou pour la circulation des fluides pendant le démarrage ou l’arrêtDépolarisation ou activation, p. ex. purgeMoyens pour court-circuiter les éléments à combustible défectueux pendant le démarrage
H01M 8/04223 - Dispositions auxiliaires, p. ex. pour la commande de la pression ou pour la circulation des fluides pendant le démarrage ou l’arrêtDépolarisation ou activation, p. ex. purgeMoyens pour court-circuiter les éléments à combustible défectueux
H01M 8/0612 - Combinaison d’éléments à combustible avec des moyens de production de réactifs ou pour le traitement de résidus avec des moyens de production des réactifs gazeux à partir de matériaux contenant du carbone
92.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPERATING AN ELECTROLYSIS SYSTEM
The invention relates to a method for operating an electrolysis system (10) which has at least one electrolyzer stack (100), with an air side (120) and a reactant side (130), and different operating situations. The method has the steps of detecting the operating situation of the electrolysis system (10) and controlling the electrolysis system (10) on the basis of the detected operating situation. According to the method, residual gas (RG), having a composition such as that resulting from a synthesis process in which synthesis gas (SG) is converted into hydrocarbons in a synthesis installation (900), is guided to a catalyzer (411, 412) in order to catalytically combust the residual gas (RG). In the process, the residual gas (RG) is selectively supplied at least from a residual gas reservoir (443) of the electrolysis system (10) or from the synthesis installation (900) on the basis of the detected operating situation. The invention also relates to a computer program product, to a control device (20) for carrying out the method, and to a correspondingly equipped electrolysis system (10).
The present invention relates to an electrical system (100) and a method for determining impedance values of an electrochemical energy source (13) of an electrically driven means of transportation (10) by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The electrical system (100) comprises, inter alia, power electronics (11, 12) having: an EIS actuator portion for impressing measurement pulses of the EIS onto electrical power for the means of transportation (10) by means of the power electronics (11, 12) in accordance with the outputted commands of an EIS unit (15); a conversion portion for the power conversion of the power electronics (11, 12); and a superposing portion for superposing converted electrical power with the impressed measurement pulses of the EIS before output to an electrical connection to the electrochemical energy source (13).
H01M 10/48 - Accumulateurs combinés à des dispositions pour mesurer, tester ou indiquer l'état des éléments, p. ex. le niveau ou la densité de l'électrolyte
The present invention relates to a method for determining the temperatures of a battery system at a plurality of determination points of the battery system, having the steps of: capturing a plurality of data sets, wherein each of the data sets comprises temperature data at a plurality of measurement points of the battery system and physical parameters of the battery system, wherein the physical parameters comprise a current of the battery system, a voltage of the battery system, a load connected to the battery system, and/or individual temperatures; training the statistical temperature model using the captured data sets by linking the temperature data at the multiple measurement points of the battery system with the physical parameters using machine learning algorithms; and determining the temperatures at the plurality of points of the battery system based on the physical parameters using the statistical temperature model.
G01R 31/367 - Logiciels à cet effet, p. ex. pour le test des batteries en utilisant une modélisation ou des tables de correspondance
H01M 10/42 - Procédés ou dispositions pour assurer le fonctionnement ou l'entretien des éléments secondaires ou des demi-éléments secondaires
H01M 10/48 - Accumulateurs combinés à des dispositions pour mesurer, tester ou indiquer l'état des éléments, p. ex. le niveau ou la densité de l'électrolyte
96.
METHOD FOR DETECTING AN ELECTRICAL SHORT CIRCUIT IN A FUEL CELL STACK OF A FUEL CELL SYSTEM
The present invention relates to a method for detecting an electrical short circuit in a fuel cell stack (110) of a fuel cell system (120), the following steps being provided: - monitoring at least one gas pressure (GD) in the fuel cell system (100), - comparing the monitored gas pressure (GD) with at least one pressure threshold (DGW) to detect a pressure drop, - generating a short-circuit fault signal (KFS) if the monitored gas pressure (GD) falls below the at least one pressure threshold (DGW).
The present invention relates to a modular test system (100) for testing an electrolysis subsystem (200) which comprises at least one electrolysis component (20) with at least one electrolysis cell stack (20A), wherein the modular test system (100) has: a control module (10) for controlling a test mode of the electrolysis subsystem (200); a power supply emulator module (11) for emulating a dynamic power supply from a regenerative power generator; and a fluid supply emulator module (14) for emulating a dynamic fluid supply of a local water supply.
The invention relates to a method for monitoring an electrochemical cell system, the electrochemical cell system comprising at least one electrochemical unit (1) which has at least two electrochemical cells (2a - 2d), preferably battery cells, connected in series, wherein the potential of the electrochemical cells (2a - 2d) is tapped at least at a first measurement point (5a - 5e), at a second measurement point (5a - 5e) and at a third measurement point (5a - 5e) via leads (6a - 6e) and a first voltage (UV1 - UV4) between the first and second measurement points (5a - 5e) is measured and a second voltage (UV1 - UV4) between the second measurement point (5a - 5e) and the third measurement point (5a - 5e) is measured, characterized in that a first sum resistance and a second sum resistance are chosen to have different magnitude and the presence of an incorrect connection between components of the electrochemical cell system is evaluated on the basis of the measured voltages (UV1 - UV4).
G01R 31/3835 - Dispositions pour la surveillance de variables des batteries ou des accumulateurs, p. ex. état de charge ne faisant intervenir que des mesures de tension
G01R 31/396 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour le test ou la surveillance d’éléments particuliers ou de groupes particuliers d’éléments dans une batterie
G01R 31/67 - Test de connexions dans des appareils ou des circuits pour s’assurer qu’elles ont été établies correctement
G01R 19/165 - Indication de ce qu'un courant ou une tension est, soit supérieur ou inférieur à une valeur prédéterminée, soit à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur d'une plage de valeurs prédéterminée
99.
TEST STAND SYSTEM FOR TESTING A DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEM USING AN AUDIBLE SOUND SENSOR
The invention relates to a test stand system for testing a driver assistance system with an acoustic audible sound sensor for an automotive vehicle, wherein the driver assistance system includes a control unit for processing sensor signals, which is configured to process sensor signals from environment sensors and to control the automotive vehicle on the basis thereof, wherein at least one of the environment sensors is the audible sound sensor configured to detect audible sound, and wherein the test stand system comprises:
a test stand configured in such a way that the driver assistance system, in particular can be operated on the test stand;
a simulation device configured to simulate an environment of the automotive vehicle, wherein the simulated environment comprises an acoustic audible sound environment; and
a first interface for providing the simulated environment including the acoustic audible sound environment to the driver assistance system.
B60R 16/023 - Circuits électriques ou circuits de fluides spécialement adaptés aux véhicules et non prévus ailleursAgencement des éléments des circuits électriques ou des circuits de fluides spécialement adapté aux véhicules et non prévu ailleurs électriques pour la transmission de signaux entre des parties ou des sous-systèmes du véhicule
B60W 50/04 - Détails des systèmes d'aide à la conduite des véhicules routiers qui ne sont pas liés à la commande d'un sous-ensemble particulier pour surveiller le fonctionnement du système d'aide à la conduite
