Compositions and processes for manufacturing porous electrodes with inter-connected pores and saltwater-wettable surfaces. Porous electrodes are produced by 1) coating onto a current collector a composition that includes i) 0.2 to 5.0 wt% of a block copolymer having a block with repeating ethylene oxide units, in which the block copolymer has a number average molecular weight of at least 2,000; ii) 1.0 to 10.0 wt% of a fluoropolymer, in which a mass ratio of the block copolymer to the fluoropolymer is not above 0.5; iii) 30.0 to 80.0 wt% of an organic solvent that dissolves both the block copolymer and the fluoropolymer; iv) 2.0 to 10.0 wt% of an electrically conductive additive; and v)10.0 to 50.0 wt% of either a lithium-intercalated material or a lithium-deintercalated material, and 2) inducing a nonsolvent phase inversion process to the fluoropolymer.
C08G 65/34 - Composés macromoléculaires obtenus par des réactions créant une liaison éther dans la chaîne principale de la macromolécule à partir de composés hydroxylés ou de leurs dérivés métalliques
C25C 1/02 - Production, récupération ou affinage électrolytique des métaux par électrolyse de solutions des métaux légers
A reverse osmosis-based method and system for concentrating a saltwater. The system includes at least first and second reverse osmosis units fluidly connected in series. The membrane of the first reverse osmosis unit has at least a 95% rejection rate for sodium chloride, and the membrane of the second reverse osmosis unit has a 30% to 75% rejection rate for sodium chloride. Permeate from the second reverse osmosis unit is recycled to the first reverse osmosis unit for increased water recovery. Temperatures for the saltwater and/or the recycled permeate are controlled using heat exchangers to help ensure the reverse osmosis units' nominal performance.
A method for filtering suspended solids from a feed fluid involves filtering the feed fluid by pumping the feed fluid through a first retentate channel of a first cross-flow membrane unit and through a second retentate channel of a second cross-flow membrane unit that is connected in parallel with the first membrane unit. The retentate exiting the units after filtering is pumped through a suspended solids concentrating path. While the filtering is being performed by both membrane units, at least one of the membrane units may be cleaned by performing a forward flush on it in which a portion of the retentate from at least one of the first and the second retentate channels is drawn into a forward flushing path. The forward flushing path is fluidly connected to the retentate channel of the membrane unit that is being forward flushed.
B01D 69/02 - Membranes semi-perméables destinées aux procédés ou aux appareils de séparation, caractérisées par leur forme, leur structure ou leurs propriétésProcédés spécialement adaptés à leur fabrication caractérisées par leurs propriétés
4.
System and Method for Cleaning of a Forced-Circulation Evaporative Crystallizer
A system and method for cleaning of a forced-circulation evaporative crystallizer. The crystallizer is used to produce salt solids and includes a circulation pump, a heat exchanger, a separator, and a vapor processor. Solids deposits accumulate during salt solids production within at least one of the circulation pump, heat exchanger, and separator. A solids deposits metric representative of an amount of the accumulated solids deposits is measured. The solids deposits metric is determined to deviate from a baseline by at least a cleaning threshold. Certain determinations are made based on the solids deposits metric: determining a cleaning mode and at least one of a type of cleaning solution and a duration for which at least one of the circulation pump, heat exchanger, and separator is to be cleaned. At least one of the circulation pump, heat exchanger, and separator is then cleaned in accordance with those determinations.
B01D 5/00 - Condensation de vapeursRécupération de solvants volatils par condensation
B08B 9/032 - Nettoyage des surfaces intérieuresÉlimination des bouchons par l'action mécanique d'un fluide en mouvement, p. ex. par effet de chasse d'eau
C02F 1/04 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par chauffage par distillation ou évaporation
C02F 1/52 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par floculation ou précipitation d'impuretés en suspension
F28G 9/00 - Nettoyage par lessivage ou par lavage, p. ex. avec des solvants chimiques
5.
SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR RECOVERING LITHIUM FROM A SALTWATER
A method and system for recovering lithium from a saltwater. Lithium in the saltwater is extracted by applying a first direct lithium extraction process to produce a first lithium recovery solution having a mass ratio of lithium content to total dissolved solids content of at least 0.01, which is then concentrated by applying reverse osmosis to produce a reverse osmosis concentrate. Lithium in the concentrated first lithium recovery solution is then extracted by applying a second direct lithium extraction process to produce a second lithium recovery solution having a mass ratio of lithium content to total dissolved solids content of at least 0.04. Battery grade lithium carbonate can be produced from the second lithium recovery solution.
C22B 3/24 - Traitement ou purification de solutions, p. ex. de solutions obtenues par lixiviation par des procédés physiques, p. ex. par filtration, par des moyens magnétiques par adsorption sur des substances solides, p. ex. par extraction avec des résines solides
C22B 3/42 - Traitement ou purification de solutions, p. ex. de solutions obtenues par lixiviation par extraction utilisant l'échange d'ions
C25C 1/02 - Production, récupération ou affinage électrolytique des métaux par électrolyse de solutions des métaux légers
6.
SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR EXTRACTING LITHIUM FROM A SALTWATER
Methods, systems, and techniques for extracting lithium from a saltwater using an electrochemical apparatus that performs the lithium extraction. The electrochemical apparatus includes a four- chamber electrochemical cell with adjacent two saltwater chambers or two adjacent lithium recovery solution chambers. Each chamber is bounded by an anion exchange membrane and either a lithium-deintercalated electrode or a lithium-intercalated electrode. The lithium deintercalated electrode and the lithium intercalated electrode may include a saltwater-impermeable and electrically conductive substrate, and respectively a porous lithium-deintercalated media and a porous lithium-intercalated media in contact with one or more surfaces of the saltwater- impermeable and conductive substrate. The lithium-deintercalated electrode absorbs lithium from the saltwater and the lithium-intercalated electrode releases lithium into the lithium recovery solution when an electrical potential is applied to the lithium-deintercalated electrode and the lithium-intercalated electrode.
Zero liquid discharge systems, processes, and techniques for treating a saltwater without evaporative crystallization. The saltwater is treated by a fluidic circuit comprising a high-pressure reverse osmosis (“HPRO”) unit configured to operate at a hydraulic pressure of at least 1,500 psi, a cooling crystallizer, and a solids-liquid separator. The saltwater is first concentrated by the HPRO unit to produce an HPRO brine, which is subsequently cooled to a designated crystallization temperature by the cooling crystallizer. The cooling crystallizer crystallizes salt crystals from the cooled HPRO brine and produces a salt-diminished brine. The solids-liquid separator separates the salt-diminished brine from the salt crystals. The salt-diminished brine from the solids-liquid separator is returned to the HPRO unit for further treatment, which allows additional salts to be crystallized from the returned salt-diminished brine.
A system and method for cleaning of a forced-circulation evaporative crystallizer. The crystallizer is used to produce salt solids and includes a circulation pump, a heat exchanger, a separator, and a vapor processor. Solids deposits accumulate during salt solids production within at least one of the circulation pump, heat exchanger, and separator. A solids deposits metric representative of an amount of the accumulated solids deposits is measured. The solids deposits metric is determined to deviate from a baseline by at least a cleaning threshold. Certain determinations are made based on the solids deposits metric: determining a cleaning mode and at least one of a type of cleaning solution and a duration for which at least one of the circulation pump, heat exchanger, and separator is to be cleaned. At least one of the circulation pump, heat exchanger, and separator is then cleaned in accordance with those determinations.
A system and method for cleaning of a forced-circulation evaporative crystallizer. The crystallizer is used to produce salt solids and includes a circulation pump, a heat exchanger, a separator, and a vapor processor. Solids deposits accumulate during salt solids production within at least one of the circulation pump, heat exchanger, and separator. A solids deposits metric representative of an amount of the accumulated solids deposits is measured. The solids deposits metric is determined to deviate from a baseline by at least a cleaning threshold. Certain determinations are made based on the solids deposits metric: determining a cleaning mode and at least one of a type of cleaning solution and a duration for which at least one of the circulation pump, heat exchanger, and separator is to be cleaned. At least one of the circulation pump, heat exchanger, and separator is then cleaned in accordance with those determinations.
A method and system for treating and purifying saltwater contaminated by volatile compounds. The saltwater is evaporated resulting in a gas composed of water vapor and gaseous volatile compounds. The gas is condensed into a condensate containing the contaminated volatile compounds which is biologically treated to remove the volatile compounds thereby producing purified water. The latent heat released by condensing is used to evaporate the purified water into the atmosphere in an energy efficient manner.
C02F 9/00 - Traitement en plusieurs étapes de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout
B01D 5/00 - Condensation de vapeursRécupération de solvants volatils par condensation
C02F 1/04 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par chauffage par distillation ou évaporation
C02F 1/16 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par chauffage par distillation ou évaporation utilisant la chaleur perdue provenant d'autres procédés
C02F 1/28 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par absorption ou adsorption
C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
C02F 1/66 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par neutralisationAjustage du pH
Methods, systems, and techniques for desalinating monovalent anion species from wastewater. A system includes an electrodialysis stack that performs the desalination. The stack has a cathode, an anode, and at least one electrodialysis cell. The at least one electrodialysis cell includes a product chamber, a metal cation concentrating chamber adjacent to a cathodic side of the product chamber, and a transfer solution chamber adjacent to an anodic side of the product chamber. The product chamber and the metal cation concentrating chamber are each bounded by and share a cation exchange membrane, the product chamber and the transfer solution chamber are each bounded by and share a monovalent anion exchange membrane, and the transfer solution chamber is bounded on an anodic side by one of an anion exchange membrane and a monovalent anion exchange membrane. The wastewater may be generated by a flue gas desulfurization process.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
C02F 1/46 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques
C02F 1/52 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par floculation ou précipitation d'impuretés en suspension
B01D 61/50 - Empilements du type à plaque et cadre
Zero liquid discharge systems, processes, and techniques for treating a saltwater without evaporative crystallization. The saltwater is treated by a fluidic circuit comprising a high-pressure reverse osmosis ("HPRO") unit configured to operate at a hydraulic pressure of at least 1,500 psi, a cooling crystallizer, and a solids-liquid separator. The saltwater is first concentrated by the HPRO unit to produce an HPRO brine, which is subsequently cooled to a designated crystallization temperature by the cooling crystallizer. The cooling crystallizer crystallizes salt crystals from the cooled HPRO brine and produces a salt-diminished brine. The solids-liquid separator separates the salt-diminished brine from the salt crystals. The salt-diminished brine from the solids-liquid separator is returned to the HPRO unit for further treatment, which allows additional salts to be crystallized from the returned salt-diminished brine.
Zero liquid discharge systems, processes, and techniques for treating a saltwater without evaporative crystallization. The saltwater is treated by a fluidic circuit comprising a high-pressure reverse osmosis ("HPRO") unit configured to operate at a hydraulic pressure of at least 1,500 psi, a cooling crystallizer, and a solids-liquid separator. The saltwater is first concentrated by the HPRO unit to produce an HPRO brine, which is subsequently cooled to a designated crystallization temperature by the cooling crystallizer. The cooling crystallizer crystallizes salt crystals from the cooled HPRO brine and produces a salt-diminished brine. The solids-liquid separator separates the salt-diminished brine from the salt crystals. The salt-diminished brine from the solids-liquid separator is returned to the HPRO unit for further treatment, which allows additional salts to be crystallized from the returned salt-diminished brine.
Systems, processes, and techniques for treating a saltwater contaminated with volatile compounds. The saltwater is evaporated, resulting in a gas composed of water vapor and gaseous volatile compounds. This gas is then condensed into a condensate contaminated with the volatile compounds. The contaminated condensate is biologically treated to remove those volatile compounds, producing a purified water. Latent heat released by the condensing is used to evaporate the purified water into the atmosphere in an energy efficient manner. The contaminated saltwater is accordingly evaporatively disposed of without creating an issue regarding how to manage substantial liquid water byproduct, and without emitting substantial amounts of the volatile compounds into the atmosphere.
Systems, processes, and techniques for treating a saltwater contaminated with volatile compounds. The saltwater is evaporated, resulting in a gas composed of water vapor and gaseous volatile compounds. This gas is then condensed into a condensate contaminated with the volatile compounds. The contaminated condensate is biologically treated to remove those volatile compounds, producing a purified water. Latent heat released by the condensing is used to evaporate the purified water into the atmosphere in an energy efficient manner. The contaminated saltwater is accordingly evaporatively disposed of without creating an issue regarding how to manage substantial liquid water byproduct, and without emitting substantial amounts of the volatile compounds into the atmosphere.
Methods, systems, and techniques for desalinating a saltwater using a humidifier unit. The humidifier unit has a housing, which has a carrier gas inlet and a saltwater inlet. The humidifier unit also includes a packing, within the housing, having a surface with a critical surface tension of less than 25 mN/m according to the Zisman method. The packing is arranged to facilitate a saltwater that enters the housing through the saltwater inlet and a carrier gas that enters the housing through the carrier gas inlet to contact each other. The contact facilitates evaporation of the saltwater, which produces salt solids on at least a surface of the packing, a humidified gas and a concentrated brine.
Methods, systems, and techniques for desalinating a saltwater using a humidifier unit. The humidifier unit has a housing, which has a carrier gas inlet and a saltwater inlet. The humidifier unit also includes a packing, within the housing, having a surface with a critical surface tension of less than 25 mN/m according to the Zisman method. The packing is arranged to facilitate a saltwater that enters the housing through the saltwater inlet and a carrier gas that enters the housing through the carrier gas inlet to contact each other. The contact facilitates evaporation of the saltwater, which produces salt solids on at least a surface of the packing, a humidified gas and a concentrated brine.
Methods, systems, and techniques for desalinating monovalent anion species from wastewater. A system includes an electrodialysis stack that performs the desalination. The stack has a cathode, an anode, and at least one electrodialysis cell. The at least one electrodialysis cell includes a product chamber, a metal cation concentrating chamber adjacent to a cathodic side of the product chamber, and a transfer solution chamber adjacent to an anodic side of the product chamber. The product chamber and the metal cation concentrating chamber are each bounded by and share a cation exchange membrane, the product chamber and the transfer solution chamber are each bounded by and share a monovalent anion exchange membrane, and the transfer solution chamber is bounded on an anodic side by one of an anion exchange membrane and a monovalent anion exchange membrane. The wastewater may be generated by a flue gas desulfurization process.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
09 - Appareils et instruments scientifiques et électriques
11 - Appareils de contrôle de l'environnement
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
Water desalination, wastewater, and water treatment services; water treatment services in the nature of brine treatment services; extraction of dissolved chemical compounds from water for use in industrial processes, namely, chemical recovery and chemical precipitation services; filtration, purification and softening of water; chemical dosing of water; water treatment and purification services provided to others in the nature of services to separate and remove contaminants and chemicals from water; wastewater and brine treatment services provided to others in the nature of services to extract freshwater from wastewater and brine, reduce wastewater and brine volume, and produce solids from wastewater and brine; consulting services in the field of water and wastewater treatment, water filtration and purification, water softening, desalination, brine treatment and volume reduction, chemical dosing of water, chemical precipitation, and chemical recovery from water and wastewater; development of water and wastewater treatment systems, water filtration and purification systems, water softening systems, desalination systems, brine treatment and volume reduction systems, systems for chemical dosing of water, systems for chemical precipitation, and systems for chemical recovery from water and wastewater Computer software for the operation of water and wastewater analysis and treatment equipment, namely, software that performs chemical dosing, chemical recovery, chemical precipitation, filtration, purification, and softening, and that interfaces with upstream and downstream water treatment systems to precisely measure water chemistry and provide controlled dosing of treatment chemicals to that water; automated water treatment apparatus and installations, namely, computer software that performs chemical dosing, chemical recovery, chemical precipitation, filtration, purification, and softening, and that interfaces with upstream and downstream water treatment systems to precisely measure water chemistry and provide controlled dosing of treatment chemicals to that water Desalination equipment; water treatment equipment, namely, reverse osmosis units and water filtration units; wastewater treatment equipment; water treatment equipment, namely, equipment for chemical dosing, chemical recovery, chemical precipitation, filtration, purification, and softening; automated water treatment apparatus and installations consisting of units incorporating as an integral component hardware and software that performs chemical dosing, chemical recovery, chemical precipitation, filtration, purification, and softening, and that interfaces with upstream and downstream water treatment systems to precisely measure water chemistry and provide controlled dosing of treatment chemicals to that water Engineering and testing services in the nature of equipment and product consulting, research, design, and development services in the field of water and wastewater treatment, water filtration and purification, water softening, desalination, brine treatment and volume reduction, chemical dosing of water, chemical precipitation, and chemical recovery from water and wastewater; technical services for monitoring water condition and quality; provision of technical advice relating to the design and operation of plants and equipment for water and wastewater treatment, water filtration and purification, water softening, desalination, brine treatment and volume reduction, and chemical recovery from water and wastewater
20.
Process and system for removing ammonium from wastewater
Methods, systems, and techniques for removing ammonium from ammonia-containing water involve using a stack that has alternating product chambers and concentrate chambers for receiving ammonia-containing water and an acidic solution, respectively, with the chambers being bounded by alternating cation exchange membranes and proton permselective cation exchange membranes. Ammonium moves from the product chambers to the concentrate chambers across the CEMs and protons move from the concentrate chambers to the product chambers across the pCEMs when the stack is in use. An electrolyzer may also be used to convert the ammonium in the concentrate chambers into nitrogen.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
B01D 61/50 - Empilements du type à plaque et cadre
C02F 1/467 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par électrolyse par désinfection électrochimique
C02F 1/66 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par neutralisationAjustage du pH
C02F 1/76 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par oxydation au moyen d'halogènes ou de composés halogénés
C02F 1/04 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par chauffage par distillation ou évaporation
C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
C02F 1/52 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par floculation ou précipitation d'impuretés en suspension
C02F 101/16 - Composés de l'azote, p. ex. ammoniac
C02F 1/461 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par électrolyse
C02F 103/10 - Nature de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux ou boues d'égout à traiter provenant de carrières ou d'activités minières
C02F 103/26 - Nature de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux ou boues d'égout à traiter provenant du traitement de plantes ou de parties de celles-ci
09 - Appareils et instruments scientifiques et électriques
11 - Appareils de contrôle de l'environnement
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
Computer software for water, wastewater, effluent and brine analysis, namely, software for high-pressure reverse osmosis water chemistry evaluation and treatment by using advanced physical chemistry calculations to predict when membrane scaling and fouling will occur, to determine if chemical treatment is required to prevent membrane scaling and fouling, to regulate and control the operation of desalination and water treatment equipment to prevent membrane scaling and fouling therein, to optimize the cleaning of membranes, and to optimize and reduce energy consumption of desalination and water and wastewater treatment equipment Desalination equipment; water treatment equipment, namely, reverse osmosis units and water filtration units; wastewater treatment equipment; water filtration equipment, namely, high-pressure reverse osmosis units for water filtration, water purification, and water softening; brine treatment equipment, namely, high-pressure reverse osmosis units for brine concentration and volume reduction of brine and wastewater; effluent treatment equipment for separating contaminants from water, namely, high-pressure reverse osmosis units; replacement parts and fittings for all the aforesaid goods Water desalination, wastewater, and water treatment services; brine treatment services; effluent treatment services; extraction of dissolved chemical compounds from water for use in industrial processes, namely, chemical, metal and salt recovery services; filtration, purification and softening of water and wastewater; water treatment and purification services provided to others in the nature of services to separate and remove contaminants from water and wastewater; wastewater and brine treatment services provided to others in the nature of services to extract freshwater from wastewater and brine, reduce wastewater and brine volume, and produce solids from wastewater and brine; wastewater treatment services provided to others, namely, extracting freshwater from wastewater and brine, and reducing volume of wastewater and brine; production of desalinated water; consulting and development services in the field of water and wastewater treatment systems, water filtration and purification systems, water softening systems, desalination systems, systems for brine treatment and volume reduction, and systems for chemical recovery from water and wastewater; consulting and development of high-pressure reverse osmosis systems; provision of technical advice relating to the operation of plants for water and wastewater treatment, water filtration and purification, water softening, desalination, brine treatment and volume reduction, and chemical recovery from water and wastewater Engineering and testing services in the nature of equipment and product consulting, research, design, and development services in in the field of water and wastewater treatment, water filtration and purification, water softening, desalination, brine treatment and volume reduction, and chemical recovery from water and wastewater; engineering services in the nature of equipment and product consulting, research, design, and development services in the field of high-pressure reverse osmosis; technical services for monitoring water condition and quality; provision of technical advice relating to the design of plants and equipment for water and wastewater treatment, water filtration and purification, water softening, desalination, brine treatment and volume reduction, and chemical recovery from water and wastewater
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
Desalination equipment; water treatment equipment, namely, reverse osmosis units and water filtration units; wastewater treatment equipment; water filtration equipment, namely, electrodialysis reversal units for water filtration, water purification, and water softening; brine treatment equipment, namely, electrodialysis reversal units for brine concentration and volume reduction of brine and wastewater; effluent treatment equipment for separating contaminants from water, namely, electrodialysis reversal units; chemical and metal recovery equipment for recovering chemicals and metals from water, namely, electrodialysis reversal units; water treatment equipment, namely, electrodialysis reversal units for salt recovery and salt crystallization; selective membrane apparatus comprised of selective membranes and filtration units and water treatment apparatus, namely, electrodialysis reversal units; replacement parts and fittings for all the aforesaid goods Water desalination, wastewater, and water treatment services; brine treatment services; effluent treatment services; extraction of dissolved chemical compounds from water and wastewater for use in industrial processes, namely, chemical, metal and salt recovery services; filtration, purification and softening of water; water treatment and purification services provided to others in the nature of services to separate and remove contaminants from water and wastewater; wastewater and brine treatment services provided to others in the nature of services to extract freshwater from wastewater and brine, reduce wastewater and brine volume, and produce solids from wastewater and brine; wastewater treatment services provided to others, namely, extracting freshwater from wastewater and brine, and reducing volume of wastewater and brine; production of desalinated water; consulting services in the field of water and wastewater treatment, water filtration and purification, water softening, desalination, brine treatment and volume reduction, and chemical recovery from water and wastewater; development of water and wastewater treatment systems, water filtration and purification systems, water softening systems, desalination systems, systems for brine treatment and volume reduction, and systems for chemical recovery from water and wastewater; consulting services in the field of electrodialysis and electrodialysis reversal; provision of technical advice relating to the operation of plants for water and wastewater treatment, water filtration and purification, water softening, desalination, brine treatment and volume reduction, and chemical recovery from water and wastewater Engineering and testing services in the nature of equipment and product consulting, research, design, and development services in the field of water and wastewater treatment, water filtration and purification, water softening, desalination, brine treatment and volume reduction, and chemical recovery from water and wastewater; engineering services in the nature of equipment and product consulting, research, design, and development services in connection with electrodialysis and electrodialysis reversal and selective membranes; technical services for monitoring water condition and quality; provision of technical advice relating to the design of plants and equipment for water and wastewater treatment, water filtration and purification, water softening, desalination, brine treatment and volume reduction, and chemical recovery from water and wastewater
23.
CONTROLLED PRODUCED WATER DESALINATION FOR ENHANCED HYDROCARBON RECOVERY
ABSTRACT Processes, systems, and techniques for treating produced water drawn from a subterranean formation. The produced water is provided and contains dissolved solids and magnesium, calcium, and sodium ions. The produced water is desalinated using an electrically-driven membrane separation apparatus that includes alternating anion exchange membranes and cation exchange membranes defining opposing sides of alternating product and concentrate chambers. The desalinating involves flowing the produced water through the product chamber, flowing a second water through the concentrate chamber, and applying an electric potential across the cation and anion exchange membranes as the produced and second waters flow through the product and concentrate chambers, respectively. The product water is consequently produced and has a total dissolved solids content of between 300 mg/L and 8,000 mg/L, a total concentration of calcium ions and magnesium ions less than 100 mg/L, and a sodium adsorption ratio of 20 to 90.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
C02F 1/46 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques
E21B 43/40 - Séparation associée à la réinjection de matériaux séparés
C02F 1/42 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par échange d'ions
24.
CONTROLLED PRODUCED WATER DESALINATION FOR ENHANCED HYDROCARBON RECOVERY
ABSTRACT Processes, systems, and techniques for treating produced water drawn from a subterranean formation. The produced water is provided and contains dissolved solids and magnesium, calcium, and sodium ions. The produced water is desalinated using an electrically-driven membrane separation apparatus that includes alternating anion exchange membranes and cation exchange membranes defining opposing sides of alternating product and concentrate chambers. The desalinating involves flowing the produced water through the product chamber, flowing a second water through the concentrate chamber, and applying an electric potential across the cation and anion exchange membranes as the produced and second waters flow through the product and concentrate chambers, respectively. The product water is consequently produced and has a total dissolved solids content of between 300 mg/L and 8,000 mg/L, a total concentration of calcium ions and magnesium ions less than 100 mg/L, and a sodium adsorption ratio of 20 to 90.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
C02F 1/46 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques
E21B 43/40 - Séparation associée à la réinjection de matériaux séparés
C02F 1/42 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par échange d'ions
25.
Process and apparatus for multivalent ion desalination
Processes, systems, and techniques for multivalent ion desalination of a feed water use an apparatus that has a cathode, an anode, and an electrodialysis cell located between the cathode and anode. The cell has a product chamber through which the feed water flows, a multivalent cation concentrating chamber on a cathodic side of the product chamber through which the concentrated multivalent cation solution flows, and a multivalent anion concentrating chamber on an anodic side of the product chamber through which the concentrated multivalent anion solution flows. The product chamber and the multivalent cation concentrating chamber are each bounded by and share a cation exchange membrane, and the product chamber and the multivalent anion concentrating chamber are each bounded by and share an anion exchange membrane. A monovalent ion species is added to at least one of the concentrated multivalent cation solution and the concentrated multivalent anion solution.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
C02F 1/46 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
Water desalination plants; desalination units; wastewater treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to produce freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, remove extract contaminants from wastewater, using a humidification and a de-humidification process; wastewater treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to extract freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, and produce solids from wastewater, employing an evaporation and condensation process; wastewater treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to extract freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, and produce solids from wastewater, employing a humidification and dehumidification process Desalination services, namely, operating desalination units and desalination plants for others; wastewater treatment services provided to others, namely, extracting freshwater from wastewater, reducing wastewater volume, and producing solids from wastewater, using an evaporation and condensation process; wastewater treatment services provided to others, namely, extracting freshwater from wastewater, reducing wastewater volume, and producing solids from wastewater, using a humidification and dehumidification process; water treatment services provided to others, namely, extracting chemicals, metals, and solids from water using an evaporation and condensation process and a humidification and dehumidification process Consulting engineering services, namely, providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of desalination using an evaporation and condensation process; consulting engineering services, namely, providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of water treatment and water purification, using an evaporation and condensation process; consulting engineering services, namely, providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of desalination using a humidification and dehumidification process; consulting engineering services, namely, providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of water treatment and water purification, using a humidification and dehumidification process; consulting engineering services, namely, providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of wastewater treatment using an evaporation and condensation process; consulting engineering services, namely, providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of wastewater treatment using a humidification and dehumidification process; providing technical consultation services to others in the field of water treating of wastewater; engineering services in the field of water treating of wastewater
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
Water desalination plants; desalination units; wastewater treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to produce freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, remove extract contaminants from wastewater, using a humidification and a de-humidification process; wastewater treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to extract freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, and produce solids from wastewater, employing an evaporation and condensation process; wastewater treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to extract freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, and produce solids from wastewater, employing a humidification and dehumidification process Desalination services, namely, operating desalination units and desalination plants for others; wastewater treatment services provided to others, namely, extracting freshwater from wastewater, reducing wastewater volume, and producing solids from wastewater, using an evaporation and condensation process; wastewater treatment services provided to others, namely, extracting freshwater from wastewater, reducing wastewater volume, and producing solids from wastewater, using a humidification and dehumidification process; water treatment services provided to others, namely, extracting chemicals, metals, and solids from water using an evaporation and condensation process and a humidification and dehumidification process Consulting engineering services, namely, providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of desalination using an evaporation and condensation process; consulting engineering services, namely, providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of water treatment and water purification, using an evaporation and condensation process; consulting engineering services, namely, providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of desalination using a humidification and dehumidification process; consulting engineering services, namely, providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of water treatment and water purification, using a humidification and dehumidification process; consulting engineering services, namely, providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of wastewater treatment using an evaporation and condensation process; consulting engineering services, namely, providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of wastewater treatment using a humidification and dehumidification process; providing technical consultation services to others in the field of water treating of wastewater; engineering services in the field of water treating of wastewater
28.
PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR REMOVING AMMONIUM FROM WASTEWATER
Methods, systems, and techniques for removing ammonium from ammonia-containing water involve using a stack that has alternating product chambers and concentrate chambers for receiving ammonia-containing water and an acidic solution, respectively, with the chambers being bounded by alternating cation exchange membranes and proton permselective cation exchange membranes. Ammonium moves from the product chambers to the concentrate chambers across the CEMs and protons move from the concentrate chambers to the product chambers across the pCEMs when the stack is in use. An electrolyzer may also be used to convert the ammonium in the concentrate chambers into nitrogen.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
B01D 61/00 - Procédés de séparation utilisant des membranes semi-perméables, p. ex. dialyse, osmose ou ultrafiltrationAppareils, accessoires ou opérations auxiliaires, spécialement adaptés à cet effet
C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
C02F 1/66 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par neutralisationAjustage du pH
C02F 1/76 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par oxydation au moyen d'halogènes ou de composés halogénés
A process for preparing an acrylamide-based crosslinking monomer including reacting in the presence of a catalyst an isocyanate compound containing at least two isocyanate groups with one of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.
B01J 47/12 - Procédés d'échange d'ions en généralAppareillage à cet effet caractérisés par l'emploi d'une substance échangeur d'ions sous forme de rubans, de filaments, de fibres ou de feuilles, p. ex. sous forme de membranes
B01D 67/00 - Procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication de membranes semi-perméables destinées aux procédés ou aux appareils de séparation
B01J 39/20 - Composés macromoléculaires obtenus par des réactions ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons carbone-carbone non saturées
C07C 231/10 - Préparation d'amides d'acides carboxyliques à partir de composés non prévus dans les groupes
C09J 11/06 - Additifs non macromoléculaires organiques
C09D 4/00 - Compositions de revêtement, p. ex. peintures, vernis ou vernis-laques, à base de composés non macromoléculaires organiques ayant au moins une liaison non saturée carbone-carbone polymérisable
C09J 4/00 - Adhésifs à base de composés non macromoléculaires organiques ayant au moins une liaison non saturée carbone-carbone polymérisable
C07C 233/38 - Amides d'acides carboxyliques ayant des atomes de carbone de groupes carboxamide liés à des atomes d'hydrogène ou à des atomes de carbone acycliques ayant l'atome d'azote d'au moins un des groupes carboxamide lié à un atome de carbone d'un radical hydrocarboné substitué par des groupes amino avec le radical hydrocarboné substitué lié à l'atome d'azote du groupe carboxamide par un atome de carbone acyclique ayant l'atome de carbone du groupe carboxamide lié à un atome de carbone d'un squelette carboné acyclique non saturé
C07C 233/41 - Amides d'acides carboxyliques ayant des atomes de carbone de groupes carboxamide liés à des atomes d'hydrogène ou à des atomes de carbone acycliques ayant l'atome d'azote d'au moins un des groupes carboxamide lié à un atome de carbone d'un radical hydrocarboné substitué par des groupes amino avec le radical hydrocarboné substitué lié à l'atome d'azote du groupe carboxamide par un atome de carbone d'un cycle autre qu'un cycle aromatique à six chaînons
C07C 233/44 - Amides d'acides carboxyliques ayant des atomes de carbone de groupes carboxamide liés à des atomes d'hydrogène ou à des atomes de carbone acycliques ayant l'atome d'azote d'au moins un des groupes carboxamide lié à un atome de carbone d'un radical hydrocarboné substitué par des groupes amino avec le radical hydrocarboné substitué lié à l'atome d'azote du groupe carboxamide par un atome de carbone d'un cycle aromatique à six chaînons ayant l'atome de carbone du groupe carboxamide lié à un atome de carbone d'un squelette carboné non saturé
Processes, systems, and techniques for multivalent ion desalination of a feed water use an apparatus that has a cathode, an anode, and an electrodialysis cell located between the cathode and anode. The cell has a product chamber through which the feed water flows, a multivalent cation concentrating chamber on a cathodic side of the product chamber through which the concentrated multivalent cation solution flows, and a multivalent anion concentrating chamber on an anodic side of the product chamber through which the concentrated multivalent anion solution flows. The product chamber and the multivalent cation concentrating chamber are each bounded by and share a cation exchange membrane, and the product chamber and the multivalent anion concentrating chamber are each bounded by and share an anion exchange membrane. A monovalent ion species is added to at least one of the concentrated multivalent cation solution and the concentrated multivalent anion solution.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
Processes, systems, and techniques for multivalent ion desalination of a feed water use an apparatus that has a cathode, an anode, and an electrodialysis cell located between the cathode and anode. The cell has a product chamber through which the feed water flows, a multivalent cation concentrating chamber on a cathodic side of the product chamber through which the concentrated multivalent cation solution flows, and a multivalent anion concentrating chamber on an anodic side of the product chamber through which the concentrated multivalent anion solution flows. The product chamber and the multivalent cation concentrating chamber are each bounded by and share a cation exchange membrane, and the product chamber and the multivalent anion concentrating chamber are each bounded by and share an anion exchange membrane. A monovalent ion species is added to at least one of the concentrated multivalent cation solution and the concentrated multivalent anion solution.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
C02F 1/46 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques
32.
Multiple effect concentration swap de-scaling system
A multistage thermal desalination system, together with its associated method of use, allows de-scaling of subsystems exposed to saturated saltwater by alternating the saturation stage of the process between two neighboring physical desalination stages. The desalination system is provided with at least one transfer conduit, at least one pump, and valving to permit saltwaters being desalinated by higher and lower stage desalination subsystems to be swapped. By replacing the saturated saltwater in a higher salt concentration desalination subsystem with lower salt concentration saltwater, the scaling in higher salt concentration desalination subsystem is reduced while the saturation load is placed on another of the desalination subsystems.
A resilient anion exchange membrane including a homogeneous cross-linked ion-transferring polymer substantially filling pores and substantially covering surfaces of a porous substrate, wherein the resilient anion exchange membrane is prepared by polymerizing a composition including a quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant monomer, a crosslinking monomer including two or more ethylenic groups, a free radical initiator, and a solvent.
B01J 47/12 - Procédés d'échange d'ions en généralAppareillage à cet effet caractérisés par l'emploi d'une substance échangeur d'ions sous forme de rubans, de filaments, de fibres ou de feuilles, p. ex. sous forme de membranes
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
11 - Appareils de contrôle de l'environnement
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
water desalination services; water treatment and purification services used to separate and remove contaminants from water; water treatment services provided to others, namely, desalinating water and purifying water employing a humidification and de-humidification process, or an evaporation and condensation process; wastewater treatment services used to extract freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, and produce solids from wastewater; wastewater treatment services provided to others, namely, extracting freshwater from wastewater, reducing wastewater volume, and producing solids from wastewater employing a humidification and de-humidification process, or an evaporation and condensation process; [ leasing of desalination units to others; ] providing technical consultation services to others in the field of water and wastewater treatment desalination equipment, namely, equipment used to produce freshwater from saline wastewater and brine; water treatment and purification equipment, namely, equipment that separates and removes contaminants from water employing a humidification and de-humidification process; water treatment and purification equipment, namely, equipment that separates and removes contaminants from water employing an evaporation and condensation process; wastewater treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to produce freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, and produce solids from wastewater, using a humidification and de-humidification process; wastewater treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to extract freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, and produce solids from wastewater, using an evaporation and condensation process; equipment for recovering constituents from wastewater employing a humidification and de-humidification process; equipment for recovering constituents from wastewater employing an evaporation and condensation process engineering consulting services
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
(1) Desalination plants; desalination units; wastewater treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to produce freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, remove extract contaminants from wastewater, using a humidification and a de-humidification process; wastewater treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to extract freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, and produce solids from wastewater, employing an evaporation and condensation process; wastewater treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to extract freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, and produce solids from wastewater, employing a humidification and dehumidification process (1) Desalination services, namely, operating desalination units and desalination plants for others; wastewater treatment services provided to other, namely extracting freshwater from wastewater, reducing wastewater volume, and producing solids from wastewater, using an evaporation and condensation process; wastewater treatment services provided to other, namely extracting freshwater from wastewater, reducing wastewater volume, and producing solids from wastewater, using a humidification and dehumidification process; water treatment services provided to others, namely, extracting chemicals, metals, and solids from water using an evaporation and condensation process and a humidification and dehumidification process; consulting engineering services, namely providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of desalination using an evaporation and condensation process; consulting engineering services, namely providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of water treatment and water purification, using an evaporation and condensation process; consulting engineering services, namely providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of desalination using a humidification and dehumidification process; consulting engineering services, namely providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of water treatment and water purification, using a humidification and dehumidification process; consulting engineering services, namely providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of wastewater treatment using an evaporation and condensation process; consulting engineering services, namely providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of wastewater treatment using a humidification and dehumidification process; providing technical consultation services to others in the field of water treating of wastewater; engineering services in the field of water treating of wastewater
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
(1) Desalination plants; desalination units; wastewater treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to produce freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, remove extract contaminants from wastewater, using a humidification and a de-humidification process; wastewater treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to extract freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, and produce solids from wastewater, employing an evaporation and condensation process; wastewater treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to extract freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, and produce solids from wastewater, employing a humidification and dehumidification process (1) Desalination services, namely, operating desalination units and desalination plants for others; wastewater treatment services provided to other, namely extracting freshwater from wastewater, reducing wastewater volume, and producing solids from wastewater, using an evaporation and condensation process; wastewater treatment services provided to other, namely extracting freshwater from wastewater, reducing wastewater volume, and producing solids from wastewater, using a humidification and dehumidification process; water treatment services provided to others, namely, extracting chemicals, metals, and solids from water using an evaporation and condensation process and a humidification and dehumidification process; consulting engineering services, namely providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of desalination using an evaporation and condensation process; consulting engineering services, namely providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of water treatment and water purification, using an evaporation and condensation process; consulting engineering services, namely providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of desalination using a humidification and dehumidification process; consulting engineering services, namely providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of water treatment and water purification, using a humidification and dehumidification process; consulting engineering services, namely providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of wastewater treatment using an evaporation and condensation process; consulting engineering services, namely providing engineering consulting services to others in the field of wastewater treatment using a humidification and dehumidification process; providing technical consultation services to others in the field of water treating of wastewater; engineering services in the field of water treating of wastewater
37.
Acrylamide-based crosslinking monomers, their preparation, and uses thereof
A process for preparing an acrylamide-based crosslinking monomer comprising reacting in the presence of a catalyst an isocyanate compound containing at least two isocyanate groups with one of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. These acrylamide-based crosslinking monomers are used in the preparation of coating compositions, adhesive compositions curable by applying thermal or radiation energy, and in the preparation of cation or anion exchange membranes.
B01J 47/12 - Procédés d'échange d'ions en généralAppareillage à cet effet caractérisés par l'emploi d'une substance échangeur d'ions sous forme de rubans, de filaments, de fibres ou de feuilles, p. ex. sous forme de membranes
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
(1) Desalination plants; water purifying apparatus and machines for the treatment of wastewater and brine; wastewater treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to produce freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, and produce solids from wastewater, using a humidification and de-humidification process; wastewater treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to extract freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, and produce solids from wastewater, using an evaporation and condensation process; mineral and chemical filtering apparatus for the treatment of wastewater and brine (1) Water desalination services; water treating of wastewater and brine; operating desalination plants for others; water treating of wastewater and brine; wastewater treatment services used to extract freshwater from wastewater, reduce wastewater volume, and produce solids from wastewater; wastewater treatment services provided to others, namely, extracting freshwater from wastewater, reducing wastewater volume, and producing solids from wastewater employing a humidification and de-humidification process, or an evaporation and condensation process; leasing of desalination units to others; providing technical consultation services to others in the field of water treating of wastewater and brine; engineering services in the field of water treating of wastewater and brine
39.
Method, apparatus and system for desalinating saltwater
The present disclosure is directed at an apparatus, method and plant for desalinating saltwater and contaminated saltwater. The apparatus comprises a stack and a manifolding assembly. The stack comprises a product chamber, a first and second concentrate chamber, an anion exchange membrane forming a boundary between the first concentrate chamber and the product chamber and a cation exchange membrane forming a boundary between the second concentrate chamber and the product chamber. The manifolding assembly comprises product and concentrate manifolding fluidly coupled to the product and concentrate chambers respectively, to convey a saltwater being desalinated to and away from the product chamber, and a concentrate to and away from the concentrate chambers. The stack may include a diluent chamber and adjacent anion or cation exchange membranes between the product chamber, diluent chamber and concentrate chamber to respectively convey anions or cations across multiple chambers. The stack may also contain a rinse chamber bounded by an anion exchange membrane to guard the stack electrodes from scaling cations. A cleaning system for cleaning the stack is also disclosed.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
B01D 65/02 - Nettoyage ou stérilisation de membranes
A multistage thermal desalination system, together with its associated method of use, allows de-scaling of subsystems exposed to saturated saltwater by alternating the saturation stage of the process between two neighboring physical desalination stages. The desalination system is provided with at least one transfer conduit, at least one pump, and valving to permit saltwaters being desalinated by higher and lower stage desalination subsystems to be swapped. By replacing the saturated saltwater in a higher salt concentration desalination subsystem with lower salt concentration saltwater, the scaling in higher salt concentration desalination subsystem is reduced while the saturation load is placed on another of the desalination subsystems.
A multistage thermal desalination system, together with its associated method of use, allows de-scaling of subsystems exposed to saturated saltwater by alternating the saturation stage of the process between two neighboring physical desalination stages. The desalination system is provided with at least one transfer conduit, at least one pump, and valving to permit saltwaters being desalinated by higher and lower stage desalination subsystems to be swapped. By replacing the saturated saltwater in a higher salt concentration desalination subsystem with lower salt concentration saltwater, the scaling in higher salt concentration desalination subsystem is reduced while the saturation load is placed on another of the desalination subsystems.
A process and system for removing ammonia from an aqueous ammonia solution. A first aqueous solution and the ammonia solution are flowed respectively through a first and a second separation chamber of a bipolar membrane electrodialysis ("BPMED") stack. The first separation chamber is bounded on an anodic side by a cation exchange membrane and the second separation chamber is bounded on a cathodic side by the cation exchange membrane and on an anodic side by a bipolar membrane. The bipolar membrane has an anion-permeable layer and a cation- permeable layer respectively oriented to face the stack's anode and cathode. While the solutions are flowing through the stack a voltage is applied across the stack that causes the bipolar membrane to dissociate water into protons and hydroxide ions. The protons migrate into the second separation chamber and react there with ammonia to form ammonium ions that migrate to the first separation chamber.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
A process and system for removing ammonia from an aqueous ammonia solution. A first aqueous solution and the ammonia solution are flowed respectively through a first and a second separation chamber of a bipolar membrane electrodialysis ("BPMED") stack. The first separation chamber is bounded on an anodic side by a cation exchange membrane and the second separation chamber is bounded on a cathodic side by the cation exchange membrane and on an anodic side by a bipolar membrane. The bipolar membrane has an anion-permeable layer and a cation- permeable layer respectively oriented to face the stack's anode and cathode. While the solutions are flowing through the stack a voltage is applied across the stack that causes the bipolar membrane to dissociate water into protons and hydroxide ions. The protons migrate into the second separation chamber and react there with ammonia to form ammonium ions that migrate to the first separation chamber.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
An electrodialytic acid regeneration apparatus includes two electrodes and a stack of electrodialysis chambers arranged between the electrodes. Immediately adjacent chambers are separated from each other by alternating anion exchange membranes and cation exchange membranes selected from one of a monovalent cation exchange membrane and a proton permselective cation exchange membrane, which forms electrodialytic chambers of two types. In an associated method the first type of chamber is supplied with the spent acid solution and the second type of chamber is supplied with low ion concentration solution. Under the action of an electric potential difference applied across the electrodes, protons are transferred through the cation exchange membranes from the spent acid solution to the low ion concentration solution and anions are transferred through the anion exchange membranes from the spent acid solution to the low ion concentration solution. The low ion concentration solution, suitably recirculated through the apparatus, may be rendered as regenerated acid.
B01D 61/48 - Appareils à cet effet ayant un ou plusieurs compartiments remplis d'un matériau échangeur d'ions
B01J 19/08 - Procédés utilisant l'application directe de l'énergie ondulatoire ou électrique, ou un rayonnement particulaireAppareils à cet usage
B01J 47/12 - Procédés d'échange d'ions en généralAppareillage à cet effet caractérisés par l'emploi d'une substance échangeur d'ions sous forme de rubans, de filaments, de fibres ou de feuilles, p. ex. sous forme de membranes
C22B 3/04 - Extraction de composés métalliques par voie humide à partir de minerais ou de concentrés par lixiviation
45.
Modular humidification-dehumidification apparatus for concentrating solutions
A modular humidification-dehumidification (HDH) apparatus and system for concentrating a solution including a plurality of internal modules coupled to each other. The plurality of internal modules includes a humidification module and a dehumidification module in gas flow communication with the humidification module. The humidification module includes humidification media facilitating evaporation of liquid from the solution to gas as the solution passes through the humidification media thereby producing a concentrated solution and a humidified gas. The dehumidification module includes a condensing heat exchanger for condensing vapor from the humidified gas.
B01D 5/00 - Condensation de vapeursRécupération de solvants volatils par condensation
B01D 3/00 - Distillation ou procédés d'échange apparentés dans lesquels des liquides sont en contact avec des milieux gazeux, p. ex. extraction
C02F 1/10 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par chauffage par distillation ou évaporation par contact direct avec un solide particulaire, ou un fluide, agissant comme agent de transfert de chaleur
F25B 13/00 - Machines, installations ou systèmes à compression, à cycle réversible
B01D 1/14 - Évaporation avec gaz ou vapeurs chauffés en contact avec le liquide
A method for making a resilient ion exchange membrane comprising polymerizing a composition containing at least an ionic surfactant monomer having an ethylenic group and a long hydrophobic alkyl group filling the pores of and covering the surfaces of a porous substrate. The hydrophobic long alkyl group in the ionic surfactant monomer provides ion exchange membranes with improved mechanical properties, and good chemical stability.
B01J 47/12 - Procédés d'échange d'ions en généralAppareillage à cet effet caractérisés par l'emploi d'une substance échangeur d'ions sous forme de rubans, de filaments, de fibres ou de feuilles, p. ex. sous forme de membranes
A hybrid electrochemical water softening desalination system softens water by both electrodialytical and non-electrodialytical means before desalinating the softened water in a primary desalination subsystem. The concentrate produced as byproduct from the desalination is provided to a concentrate channel of the electrodialysis device employed, and the electrodialysis device extracts multivalent ions from the water to the concentrate channel. In some embodiments the electrodialysis device provides softened water directly to the primary desalination subsystem. In other embodiments the electrodialysis device provides electrodialytically softened water to a non-electrodialytical softening subsystem for further softening, before the softened water is supplied to the primary desalination subsystem. The arrangement integrates the concentrate disposal line of the primary desalination subsystem with the functioning of the electrodialysis device.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
11 - Appareils de contrôle de l'environnement
17 - Produits en caoutchouc ou en matières plastiques; matières à calfeutrer et à isoler
Produits et services
[Desalination and water treatment services; brine treatment services; effluent treatment services; extraction of dissolved chemical compounds from water for use in industrial processes, namely, chemical, metal and salt recovery services] [Engineering consulting services, namely, in the field of water purification, filtration, desalination, and power generation and in the fields of removing dissolved ionic compounds, metals, chemicals, salt, organic and inorganic contaminants from water using an electrodialysis process, an evaporation and condensation process, using reverse osmosis, or using polymeric membranes; engineering consulting services, namely, providing consulting engineering services in the field of power generation using an electrochemical process that employs dissolved ionic compounds and polymeric membranes] Desalination and water treatment equipment, namely, ion exchange polymeric membranes; water filtration equipment, namely, ion exchange polymeric membranes; brine treatment equipment, namely, ion exchange polymeric membranes; effluent treatment equipment for separating contaminants from water, namely, ion exchange polymeric membranes; chemical and metal recovery equipment for recovering chemicals and metals from water, namely, ion exchange polymeric membranes; salt recovery equipment, namely, ion exchange polymeric membranes polymeric ion exchange membranes and polymeric membranes in roll or sheet form
49.
DESALINATION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DESALINATING SALTWATER
A desalination system and method of operating the system to desalinate saltwater is disclosed. The desalination system includes a electrochemical desalination subsystem and a primary desalination subsystem, such as a thermal or reverse osmosis desalination system. The low multivalent ion concentration partially desalinated water from the electrochemical desalination subsystem is blended with low ion concentration desalinated water from the primary desalination subsystem to produce a blended desalted water that meets required specifications for release into the environment.
C02F 1/42 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par échange d'ions
C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
A monovalent ion permselective ion exchange membrane comprising a base layer consisting of an ion exchange membrane, and a monovalent ion permselective layer affixed to the surface of the base layer. The monovalent ion permselective layer is formed by coating and polymerizing a polymerizable solution onto the base ion exchange membrane layer. The polymerizable solution comprises: (i) of an ionic monomer having one or more ethylenic groups selected from (meth)acryloxy groups, (meth)acrylamido groups, and vinylbenzyl groups, (ii) a hydrophobic crosslinking monomer having two or more ethylenic groups selected from ( meth)acryloxy groups, (meth)acrylamido groups, and vinylbenzyl groups, (iii) a free radical initiator, in (iv) a solvent medium. The monovalent ion permselective ion exchange membranes include monovalent cation permselective ion exchange membranes and monovalent anion permselective ion exchange membranes. Also disclosed are processes for preparing the monovalent ion permselective ion exchange membranes.
B01J 47/12 - Procédés d'échange d'ions en généralAppareillage à cet effet caractérisés par l'emploi d'une substance échangeur d'ions sous forme de rubans, de filaments, de fibres ou de feuilles, p. ex. sous forme de membranes
B01J 39/20 - Composés macromoléculaires obtenus par des réactions ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons carbone-carbone non saturées
B01J 41/14 - Composés macromoléculaires obtenus par des réactions ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons carbone-carbone non saturées
51.
Method, apparatus and system for concentrating solutions using evaporation
A system, apparatus and method for concentrating a solution. The system includes a humidification device and a solution flow path for flow of a solution to be concentrated to the humidification device. The humidification device includes humidification media to facilitate evaporation of liquid from the solution to be concentrated to gas as the solution to be concentrated passes through the humidification media thereby concentrating the solution. The method includes flowing a solution to be concentrated along a flow path to a humidification device including humidification media, flowing a gas through the humidification media, and flowing the solution to be concentrated through the humidification media. There is evaporation of liquid from the solution to the gas as the solution passes through the humidification media thereby concentrating the solution and producing a humidified gas. The solution to be concentrated may be salt water and the gas may be air.
A monovalent ion permselective ion exchange membrane comprising a base layer consisting of an ion exchange membrane, and a monovalent ion permselective layer affixed to the surface of the base layer. The monovalent ion permselective layer is formed by coating and polymerizing a polymerizable solution onto the base ion exchange membrane layer. The polymerizable solution comprises: (i) of an ionic monomer having one or more ethylenic groups selected from (meth)acryloxy groups, (meth)acrylamido groups, and vinylbenzyl groups, (ii) a hydrophobic crosslinking monomer having two or more ethylenic groups selected from (meth)acryloxy groups, (meth)acrylamido groups, and vinylbenzyl groups, (iii) a free radical initiator, in (iv) a solvent medium. The monovalent ion permselective ion exchange membranes include monovalent cation permselective ion exchange membranes and monovalent anion permselective ion exchange membranes. Also disclosed are processes for preparing the monovalent ion permselective ion exchange membranes.
B01J 47/12 - Procédés d'échange d'ions en généralAppareillage à cet effet caractérisés par l'emploi d'une substance échangeur d'ions sous forme de rubans, de filaments, de fibres ou de feuilles, p. ex. sous forme de membranes
B01J 39/20 - Composés macromoléculaires obtenus par des réactions ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons carbone-carbone non saturées
B01J 41/14 - Composés macromoléculaires obtenus par des réactions ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons carbone-carbone non saturées
B01J 39/26 - Échangeurs de cations pour procédés chromatographiques
B01J 41/20 - Échangeurs d'anions pour procédés chromatographiques
53.
MULTIVALENT ION SEPARATING DESALINATION PROCESS AND SYSTEM
A multivalent ion separating desalination system and associated process employs at least one multivalent ion separator subsystem to split sparingly soluble multivalent ion species from saltwater into highly soluble salts comprising multivalent cations and monovalent anions and salts comprising monovalent cations and multivalent anions.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
C02F 1/42 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par échange d'ions
C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
C02F 1/46 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques
54.
MULTIVALENT ION SEPARATING DESALINATION PROCESS AND SYSTEM
A multivalent ion separating desalination system and associated process employs at least one multivalent ion separator subsystem to split sparingly soluble multivalent ion species from saltwater into highly soluble salts comprising multivalent cations and monovalent anions and salts comprising monovalent cations and multivalent anions.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
C02F 1/42 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par échange d'ions
C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
C02F 1/46 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques
55.
Method, apparatus and system for concentrating solutions using evaporation
A system, apparatus and method for concentrating a solution. The system includes a humidification device and a solution flow path for flow of a solution to be concentrated to the humidification device. The humidification device includes humidification media to facilitate evaporation of liquid from the solution to be concentrated to gas as the solution to be concentrated passes through the humidification media thereby concentrating the solution. The method includes flowing a solution to be concentrated along a flow path to a humidification device including humidification media, flowing a gas through the humidification media, and flowing the solution to be concentrated through the humidification media. There is evaporation of liquid from the solution to the gas as the solution passes through the humidification media thereby concentrating the solution and producing a humidified gas. The solution to be concentrated may be salt water and the gas may be air.
01 - Produits chimiques destinés à l'industrie, aux sciences ainsi qu'à l'agriculture
11 - Appareils de contrôle de l'environnement
17 - Produits en caoutchouc ou en matières plastiques; matières à calfeutrer et à isoler
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
(1) Ion exchange membranes and polymeric membranes in roll form and in sheet form; ion exchange resins; desalination equipment, namely, desalination equipment used to remove contaminants from water, and desalination equipment used to extract metals and other constituents from water; water purifying apparatus and machines for the treatment of wastewater and brine, and mineral and filtering apparatus for the treatment of wastewater and brine; brine treatment equipment, namely, brine treatment equipment used to remove dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water using an electrodialysis process, brine treatment equipment used to remove dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water using an evaporation and condensation process, brine treatment equipment used to remove dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water using reverse osmosis, and brine treatment equipment used to remove dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water using polymeric membranes; effluent treatment equipment for separating contaminants from water, namely, effluent treatment equipment used to remove organic and inorganic contaminants from water using an electrodialysis process, effluent treatment equipment used to remove organic and inorganic contaminants from water using an evaporation and condensation process, effluent treatment equipment used to remove organic and inorganic contaminants from water using reverse osmosis, and effluent treatment equipment used to remove organic and inorganic contaminants from water using polymeric membranes; salt recovery equipment, namely, salt recovery equipment for separating salt from water using an electrodialysis process, salt recovery equipment for separating salt from water using an evaporation and condensation process, salt recovery equipment for separating salt from water using an electrodialysis process, salt recovery equipment for separating salt from water using reverse osmosis, salt recovery equipment for separating salt from water using an electrodialysis process, and salt recovery equipment for separating salt from water using polymeric membranes. (1) Water desalination services provided to others; water treatment services provided to others, namely, converting salt water into fresh water to remove contaminants from water, extracting ionic compounds, metals and other constituents from water, reducing the volume of water, and converting salt water into solid ionic compounds; water treatment services provided to others, namely, desalinating water and purifying water employing an electrodialysis process, desalinating water and purifying water employing an evaporation and condensation process, desalinating water and purifying water employing reverse osmosis, and desalinating water and purifying water employing polymeric membranes; brine treatment services provided to others, namely, removing dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water using an electrodialysis process, removing dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water using an evaporation and condensation process, removing dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water using reverse osmosis, and removing dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water using polymeric membranes; effluent treatment services provided to others, namely, separating organic and inorganic contaminants from water using an electrodialysis process, separating organic and inorganic contaminants from water using an evaporation and condensation process, separating organic and inorganic contaminants from water using reverse osmosis, and separating organic and inorganic contaminants from water using polymeric membranes; salt recovery services provided to others, namely, separating salt from water using an electrodialysis process, separating salt from water using an evaporation and condensation process, separating salt from water using reverse osmosis, and separating salt from water using polymeric membranes; engineering consulting services, namely, providing consulting engineering services to others in the field of water purification, filtration, desalination; engineering consulting services, namely, providing consulting engineering services to others in the field of removing dissolved ionic compounds, metals, chemicals, salt, organic and inorganic contaminants from water using an electrodialysis process, providing consulting engineering services to others in the field of removing dissolved ionic compounds, metals, chemicals, salt, organic and inorganic contaminants from water using an evaporation and condensation process, providing consulting engineering services to others in the field of removing dissolved ionic compounds, metals, chemicals, salt, organic and inorganic contaminants from water using reverse osmosis, and providing consulting engineering services to others in the field of removing dissolved ionic compounds, metals, chemicals, salt, organic and inorganic contaminants from water using polymeric membranes; engineering consulting services, namely, providing consulting engineering services to others in the field of power generation using an electrochemical process that employs dissolved ionic compounds and polymeric membranes.
57.
ACRYLAMIDE-BASED CROSSLINKING MONOMERS, THEIR PREPARATION, AND USES THEREOF
A process for preparing an acrylamide-based crosslinking monomer comprising reacting in the presence of a catalyst an isocyanate compound containing at least two isocyanate groups with one of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. These acrylamide-based crosslinking monomers are used in the preparation of coating compositions, adhesive compositions curable by applying thermal or radiation energy, and in the preparation of cation or anion exchange membranes.
B01J 47/12 - Procédés d'échange d'ions en généralAppareillage à cet effet caractérisés par l'emploi d'une substance échangeur d'ions sous forme de rubans, de filaments, de fibres ou de feuilles, p. ex. sous forme de membranes
C07C 231/10 - Préparation d'amides d'acides carboxyliques à partir de composés non prévus dans les groupes
C07C 233/34 - Amides d'acides carboxyliques ayant des atomes de carbone de groupes carboxamide liés à des atomes d'hydrogène ou à des atomes de carbone acycliques ayant l'atome d'azote d'au moins un des groupes carboxamide lié à un atome de carbone d'un radical hydrocarboné substitué par des groupes amino
C07C 263/16 - Préparation de dérivés d'acide isocyanique par des réactions n'impliquant pas la formation de groupes isocyanate
A process for preparing an acrylamide-based crosslinking monomer comprising reacting in the presence of a catalyst an isocyanate compound containing at least two isocyanate groups with one of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. These acrylamide-based crosslinking monomers are used in the preparation of coating compositions, adhesive compositions curable by applying thermal or radiation energy, and in the preparation of cation or anion exchange membranes.
C07C 231/10 - Préparation d'amides d'acides carboxyliques à partir de composés non prévus dans les groupes
C07C 233/34 - Amides d'acides carboxyliques ayant des atomes de carbone de groupes carboxamide liés à des atomes d'hydrogène ou à des atomes de carbone acycliques ayant l'atome d'azote d'au moins un des groupes carboxamide lié à un atome de carbone d'un radical hydrocarboné substitué par des groupes amino
C07C 263/16 - Préparation de dérivés d'acide isocyanique par des réactions n'impliquant pas la formation de groupes isocyanate
The present disclosure is directed at a system, apparatus and method for concentrating a solution. The system includes a humidification device and a solution flow path for flow of a solution to be concentrated to the humidification device. The humidification device includes humidification media to facilitate evaporation of liquid from the solution to be concentrated to gas as the solution to be concentrated passes through the humidification media thereby concentrating the solution. The method includes flowing a solution to be concentrated along a flow path to a humidification device including humidification media, flowing a gas through the humidification media, and flowing the solution to be concentrated through the humidification media. There is evaporation of liquid from the solution to the gas as the solution passes through the humidification media thereby concentrating the solution and producing a humidified gas. The solution to be concentrated may be salt water and the gas may be air.
A desalination system and method of operating the system to desalinate saltwater is disclosed. The desalination system includes a electrochemical desalination subsystem and a primary desalination subsystem, such as a thermal or reverse osmosis desalination system. The low multivalent ion concentration partially desalinated water from the electrochemical desalination subsystem is blended with low ion concentration desalinated water from the primary desalination subsystem to produce a blended desalted water that meets required specifications for release into the environment.
C02F 1/46 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques
C02F 1/42 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par échange d'ions
C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
61.
MODULAR HUMIDIFICATION-DEHUMIDIFICATION APPARATUS FOR CONCENTRATING SOLUTIONS
The present disclosure describes a modular humidification-dehumidification (HDH) apparatus and system for concentrating a solution including a plurality of internal modules coupled to each other. The plurality of internal modules includes a humidification module and a dehumidification module in gas flow communication with the humidification module. The humidification module includes humidification media facilitating evaporation of liquid from the solution to gas as the solution passes through the humidification media thereby producing a concentrated solution and a humidified gas. The dehumidification module includes a condensing heat exchanger for condensing vapour from the humidified gas.
A method for making a resilient ion exchange membrane comprising polymerizing a composition containing at least an ionic surfactant monomer having an ethylenic group and a long hydrophobic alkyl group filling the pores of and covering the surfaces of a porous substrate. The hydrophobic long alkyl group in the ionic surfactant monomer provides ion exchange membranes with improved mechanical properties, and good chemical stability.
B01J 47/12 - Procédés d'échange d'ions en généralAppareillage à cet effet caractérisés par l'emploi d'une substance échangeur d'ions sous forme de rubans, de filaments, de fibres ou de feuilles, p. ex. sous forme de membranes
A method for making a resilient anion exchange membrane comprising polymerizing a composition containing at least an ionic surfactant monomer having an ethylenic group and a long hydrophobic alkyl group filling the pores of and covering the surfaces of a porous substrate. The hydrophobic long alkyl group in the ionic surfactant monomer provides anion exchange membranes with improved mechanical properties, and good chemical stability.
A method for making a resilient ion exchange membrane comprising polymerizing a composition containing at least an ionic surfactant monomer having an ethylenic group and a long hydrophobic alkyl group filling the pores of and covering the surfaces of a porous substrate. The hydrophobic long alkyl group in the ionic surfactant monomer provides ion exchange membranes with improved mechanical properties, and good chemical stability.
The present disclosure describes a modular humidification-dehumidification (HDH) apparatus and system for concentrating a solution including a plurality of internal modules coupled to each other. The plurality of internal modules includes a humidification module and a dehumidification module in gas flow communication with the humidification module. The humidification module includes humidification media facilitating evaporation of liquid from the solution to gas as the solution passes through the humidification media thereby producing a concentrated solution and a humidified gas. The dehumidification module includes a condensing heat exchanger for condensing vapour from the humidified gas.
C02F 1/04 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par chauffage par distillation ou évaporation
B01J 10/00 - Procédés chimiques généraux faisant réagir un liquide avec des milieux gazeux autrement qu'en présence de particules solidesAppareillage spécialement adapté à cet effet
66.
Apparatus for compression of a stack and for a water treatment system
The present disclosure is directed at a compression device for compressing a stack to prevent leaks and at an apparatus including the stack and the compression device. The stack includes a pair of rigid end plates located at opposing ends of the stack, a plurality of membrane bounded compartments layered between one of the rigid end plates and the other of the rigid end plates and fluid manifolds extending through the membrane bound compartments. The compression device is fixedly coupled to opposing ends of the pair of rigid end plates and includes compression members movable to compress one of the rigid end plates towards the other of the rigid end plates. The compression members are positioned to apply force to the stack in the vicinity of the fluid manifolds.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
B01D 61/36 - PervaporationDistillation à membranesPerméation liquide
B01D 61/50 - Empilements du type à plaque et cadre
B01D 65/00 - Accessoires ou opérations auxiliaires, en général, pour les procédés ou les appareils de séparation utilisant des membranes semi-perméables
B01J 47/12 - Procédés d'échange d'ions en généralAppareillage à cet effet caractérisés par l'emploi d'une substance échangeur d'ions sous forme de rubans, de filaments, de fibres ou de feuilles, p. ex. sous forme de membranes
17 - Produits en caoutchouc ou en matières plastiques; matières à calfeutrer et à isoler
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
Produits et services
Apparatus for lighting, heating, steam generating, cooking, refrigerating, drying, ventilating, water supply and sanitary purposes; desalination equipment; water treatment systems; power generation equipment; desalination apparatus, installations, plants; apparatus for reverse osmosis; water filtration machines, effluent treatment machines to separate water from contaminants; brine treatment equipment, salt recovery equipment, metals recovery equipment. Rubber, gutta-percha, gum, asbestos, mica and goods made from these materials and not included in other classes; plastics in extruded form for use in manufacture; packing, stopping and insulating materials; flexible pipes, not of metal; polymeric membranes, cross-linked polymeric membranes in sheet form, polymeric porous membranes in sheet form; plastic membranes. Treatment of materials; water desalination services; water treatment services; power generation services; brine treatment services, salt recovery services, metals recovery services, engineering consulting services.
68.
METHOD, APPARATUS AND SYSTEM FOR DESALINATING SALTWATER
The present disclosure is directed at an apparatus, method and plant for desalinating saltwater and contaminated saltwater. The apparatus comprises a stack and a manifolding assembly. The stack comprises a product chamber, a first and second concentrate chamber, an anion exchange membrane forming a boundary between the first concentrate chamber and the product chamber and a cation exchange membrane forming a boundary between the second concentrate chamber and the product chamber. The manifolding assembly comprises product and concentrate manifolding fluidly coupled to the product and concentrate chambers respectively, to convey a saltwater being desalinated to and away from the product chamber, and a concentrate to and away from the concentrate chambers. The stack may include a diluent chamber and adjacent anion or cation exchange membranes between the product chamber, diluent chamber and concentrate chamber to respectively convey anions or cations across multiple chambers. The stack may also contain a rinse chamber bounded by an anion exchange membrane to guard the stack electrodes from scaling cations. A cleaning system for cleaning the stack is also disclosed.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
B01D 65/02 - Nettoyage ou stérilisation de membranes
B08B 3/08 - Nettoyage impliquant le contact avec un liquide le liquide ayant un effet chimique ou dissolvant
C02F 1/42 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par échange d'ions
69.
METHOD, APPARATUS AND SYSTEM FOR DESALINATING SALTWATER
The present disclosure is directed at an apparatus, method and plant for desalinating saltwater and contaminated saltwater. The apparatus comprises a stack and a manifolding assembly. The stack comprises a product chamber, a first and second concentrate chamber, an anion exchange membrane forming a boundary between the first concentrate chamber and the product chamber and a cation exchange membrane forming a boundary between the second concentrate chamber and the product chamber. The manifolding assembly comprises product and concentrate manifolding fluidly coupled to the product and concentrate chambers respectively, to convey a saltwater being desalinated to and away from the product chamber, and a concentrate to and away from the concentrate chambers. The stack may include a diluent chamber and adjacent anion or cation exchange membranes between the product chamber, diluent chamber and concentrate chamber to respectively convey anions or cations across multiple chambers. The stack may also contain a rinse chamber bounded by an anion exchange membrane to guard the stack electrodes from scaling cations. A cleaning system for cleaning the stack is also disclosed.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
B01D 65/02 - Nettoyage ou stérilisation de membranes
B08B 3/08 - Nettoyage impliquant le contact avec un liquide le liquide ayant un effet chimique ou dissolvant
C02F 1/42 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par échange d'ions
70.
METHOD, APPARATUS AND SYSTEM FOR DESALINATING SALTWATER
The present disclosure is directed at an apparatus, method and plant for desalinating saltwater and contaminated saltwater. The apparatus comprises a stack and a manifolding assembly. The stack comprises a product chamber, a first and second concentrate chamber, an anion exchange membrane forming a boundary between the first concentrate chamber and the product chamber and a cation exchange membrane forming a boundary between the second concentrate chamber and the product chamber. The manifolding assembly comprises product and concentrate manifolding fluidly coupled to the product and concentrate chambers respectively, to convey a saltwater being desalinated to and away from the product chamber, and a concentrate to and away from the concentrate chambers. The stack may include a diluent chamber and adjacent anion or cation exchange membranes between the product chamber, diluent chamber and concentrate chamber to respectively convey anions or cations across multiple chambers. The stack may also contain a rinse chamber bounded by an anion exchange membrane to guard the stack electrodes from scaling cations. A cleaning system for cleaning the stack is also disclosed.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
The present disclosure is directed at a modular apparatus for a water treatment system. The apparatus includes multiple internal modules that are compressively coupled to each other. Each of the internal modules includes a pair of rigid end plates located at opposing ends of the internal module, and a stack of membrane bounded compartments that are layered from one of the end plates to the other. Each of the rigid interior end plates includes an electrode, and the electrode of one of the rigid interior end plates is electrically connected to the electrode of the other of the rigid interior end plates to complete an ionic circuit through each of the internal modules. The present disclosure is also directed at a non-modular apparatus including a stack and a compression device for compressing the stack to prevent leaks. The stack includes a pair of rigid end plates located at opposing ends of the stack, a plurality of membrane bounded compartments layered between one of the rigid end plates and the other of the rigid end plates and fluid manifolds extending through the membrane bound compartments. The compression device is fixedly coupled to opposing ends of the pair of rigid end plates and includes compression members movable to compress one of the rigid end plates towards the other of the rigid end plates. The compression members are positioned to apply force to the stack in the vicinity of the fluid manifolds.
B30B 1/18 - Presses, utilisant un élément pilonnant, caractérisées par le mode d'entraînement du pilon, la pression étant transmise au pilon ou à la platine de presse directement ou uniquement par l'intermédiaire d'organes travaillant en simple poussée ou traction par des systèmes à vis
C02F 1/04 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par chauffage par distillation ou évaporation
C02F 1/42 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par échange d'ions
C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
F16B 1/00 - Dispositifs pour assembler des éléments structuraux ou parties de machines ou bien pour empêcher tout mouvement relatif entre eux
F16B 5/02 - Jonction de feuilles ou de plaques soit entre elles soit à des bandes ou barres parallèles à elles par organes de fixation utilisant un filetage
F28F 9/02 - Boîtes de distributionPlaques d'extrémité
72.
APPARATUS FOR COMPRESSION OF A STACK AND FOR A WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM
The present disclosure is directed at a modular apparatus for a water treatment system. The apparatus includes multiple internal modules that are compressively coupled to each other. Each of the internal modules includes a pair of rigid end plates located at opposing ends of the internal module, and a stack of membrane bounded compartments that are layered from one of the end plates to the other. Each of the rigid interior end plates includes an electrode, and the electrode of one of the rigid interior end plates is electrically connected to the electrode of the other of the rigid interior end plates to complete an ionic circuit through each of the internal modules. The present disclosure is also directed at a non-modular apparatus including a stack and a compression device for compressing the stack to prevent leaks. The stack includes a pair of rigid end plates located at opposing ends of the stack, a plurality of membrane bounded compartments layered between one of the rigid end plates and the other of the rigid end plates and fluid manifolds extending through the membrane bound compartments. The compression device is fixedly coupled to opposing ends of the pair of rigid end plates and includes compression members movable to compress one of the rigid end plates towards the other of the rigid end plates. The compression members are positioned to apply force to the stack in the vicinity of the fluid manifolds.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
C02F 1/04 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par chauffage par distillation ou évaporation
C02F 1/42 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par échange d'ions
C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
F16B 1/00 - Dispositifs pour assembler des éléments structuraux ou parties de machines ou bien pour empêcher tout mouvement relatif entre eux
F16B 5/02 - Jonction de feuilles ou de plaques soit entre elles soit à des bandes ou barres parallèles à elles par organes de fixation utilisant un filetage
F28F 3/08 - Éléments construits pour être empilés, p. ex. pouvant être séparés pour leur nettoyage
F28F 9/02 - Boîtes de distributionPlaques d'extrémité
73.
METHOD, APPARATUS AND SYSTEM FOR CONCENTRATING SOLUTIONS USING EVAPORATION
The present disclosure is directed at a system, apparatus and method for concentrating a solution. The system includes a humidification device and a solution flow path for flow of a solution to be concentrated to the humidification device. The humidification device includes humidification media to facilitate evaporation of liquid from the solution to be concentrated to gas as the solution to be concentrated passes through the humidification media thereby concentrating the solution. The method includes flowing a solution to be concentrated along a flow path to a humidification device including humidification media, flowing a gas through the humidification media, and flowing the solution to be concentrated through the humidification media. There is evaporation of liquid from the solution to the gas as the solution passes through the humidification media thereby concentrating the solution and producing a humidified gas. The solution to be concentrated may be salt water and the gas may be air.
The present disclosure is directed at a system, apparatus and method for concentrating a solution. The system includes a humidification device and a solution flow path for flow of a solution to be concentrated to the humidification device. The humidification device includes humidification media to facilitate evaporation of liquid from the solution to be concentrated to gas as the solution to be concentrated passes through the humidification media thereby concentrating the solution. The method includes flowing a solution to be concentrated along a flow path to a humidification device including humidification media, flowing a gas through the humidification media, and flowing the solution to be concentrated through the humidification media. There is evaporation of liquid from the solution to the gas as the solution passes through the humidification media thereby concentrating the solution and producing a humidified gas. The solution to be concentrated may be salt water and the gas may be air.
The present disclosure is directed at a system, apparatus and method for concentrating a solution. The system includes a humidification device and a solution flow path for flow of a solution to be concentrated to the humidification device. The humidification device includes humidification media to facilitate evaporation of liquid from the solution to be concentrated to gas as the solution to be concentrated passes through the humidification media thereby concentrating the solution. The method includes flowing a solution to be concentrated along a flow path to a humidification device including humidification media, flowing a gas through the humidification media, and flowing the solution to be concentrated through the humidification media. There is evaporation of liquid from the solution to the gas as the solution passes through the humidification media thereby concentrating the solution and producing a humidified gas. The solution to be concentrated may be salt water and the gas may be air.
The present disclosure is directed at a system, apparatus and method for concentrating a solution. The system includes a humidification device and a solution flow path for flow of a solution to be concentrated to the humidification device. The humidification device includes humidification media to facilitate evaporation of liquid from the solution to be concentrated to gas as the solution to be concentrated passes through the humidification media thereby concentrating the solution. The method includes flowing a solution to be concentrated along a flow path to a humidification device including humidification media, flowing a gas through the humidification media, and flowing the solution to be concentrated through the humidification media. There is evaporation of liquid from the solution to the gas as the solution passes through the humidification media thereby concentrating the solution and producing a humidified gas. The solution to be concentrated may be salt water and the gas may be air.
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
07 - Machines et machines-outils
11 - Appareils de contrôle de l'environnement
Produits et services
Water desalination services; water treatment services; [ power generation services; ] brine treatment services; water treatment services, namely, salt recovery services, metals recovery services [ Power generation equipment, namely, electrical generators ] Desalination units; water treatment systems, namely, clarification, ionic separation, and thickening machines for use in treatment of liquids in the nature of water, waste water and industrial water; water treatment equipment, namely, water desalination plants; water treatment equipment, namely, reverse osmosis units; water treatment equipment, namely. ionic separation units; water treatment equipment, namely, water evaporation units; water filtration machines, namely, effluent filtering device to separate water from contaminants; water treatment equipment, namely, porous and non-porous polymeric membrane material in sheet form and non-sheet form, all for use in the separation of fluids, dissolved ions, or particulate matter; water treatment units for brine treatment, salt recovery, metals recovery, ionic separation, evaporation, electrocoagulation, and oxidation; membrane filter cartridges, membrane ionic separation cartridges for purification purposes
78.
Method for desalinating saltwater using concentration gradient energy
Described herein are a method and system for desalinating saltwater using concentration difference energy. A “five stream” dialytic stack is described that can be used to desalinate saltwater at a relatively high recovery ratio. The dialytic stack may include, for example, one or more drive cells having a paired concentrate and a diluent-c chamber in ionic communication with a product chamber that is adjacent to an anion and a cation discharge chamber each filled with diluent-p. The drive cell applies a drive voltage across the product chamber, and when the drive voltage exceeds a desalination voltage of the product chamber, the saltwater in the product chamber is desalinated. The dialytic stack may accept brine discharged from a first desalination plant as saltwater to be desalinated. Processing the brine in the dialytic stack may decrease its volume, decreasing costs associated with treating or otherwise disposing of the brine.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
C02F 1/46 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques
H01M 8/22 - Éléments à combustible dans lesquels le combustible est à base de matériaux comprenant du carbone, de l'oxygène ou de l'hydrogène et d'autres élémentsÉléments à combustible dans lesquels le combustible est à base de matériaux comprenant uniquement des éléments autres que le carbone, l'oxygène ou l'hydrogène
C02F 1/04 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par chauffage par distillation ou évaporation
C02F 103/08 - Eau de mer, p. ex. pour le dessalement
C02F 1/00 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout
C02F 1/16 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par chauffage par distillation ou évaporation utilisant la chaleur perdue provenant d'autres procédés
C02F 1/24 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par flottation
C02F 1/32 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par irradiation par la lumière ultraviolette
C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
C02F 1/52 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par floculation ou précipitation d'impuretés en suspension
C02F 1/76 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par oxydation au moyen d'halogènes ou de composés halogénés
C02F 1/78 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par oxydation au moyen d'ozone
17 - Produits en caoutchouc ou en matières plastiques; matières à calfeutrer et à isoler
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
Produits et services
(1) Desalination equipment, namely, desalination equipment used to remove contaminants from water, or to extract metals or other constituents from water; water treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to remove contaminants from water, extract metals or other constituents from water; water treatment equipment, namely, equipment that separates or removes dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water employing an electrodialysis process; water treatment equipment, namely, equipment that separates or removes dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water employing an evaporation and condensation process; water treatment equipment, namely, equipment that separates or removes dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water employing a reverse osmosis process; water treatment equipment, namely, equipment that separates or removes dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water employing polymeric membranes; water purification equipment, namely, equipment that purifies water using an electrodialysis process, or an evaporation and condensation process, or reverse osmosis, or polymeric membranes; polymeric membranes used to separate or remove dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water and to generate electric power as a component of an electrochemical process; brine treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to remove dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water using an electrodialysis process, or an evaporation and condensation process, or reverse osmosis, or polymeric membranes; and equipment for recovering dissolved ionic compounds from water and for recovering dissolved metals from water, employing an electrodialysis process, or an evaporation and condensation process, or reverse osmosis, or polymeric membranes; power generation equipment, namely equipment used to generate electricity from salt water; equipment that generates electric power utilizing an electrochemical process that employs dissolved ionic compounds and polymeric membranes. (1) Water desalination services; water treatment services used to convert salt water into fresh water, to remove contaminants from water, to extract ionic compounds, metals or other constituents from water, to reduce the volume of water and convert salt water into solid ionic compounds; water treatment services provided to others, namely, desalinating water and purifying water employing an electrodialysis process, or an evaporation and condensation process, or reverse osmosis, or polymeric membranes; power generation services provided to others for the purposes of generating electricity from salt water, namely, generating electric power for others utilizing an electrochemical process that employs ionic compounds and polymeric membranes
A process for producing a resilient ion exchange membrane. The process comprises the steps of (1) selecting a porous matrix, (2) saturating the porous matrix with a homogenous solution comprising a mixture of: (i) a hydrophilic ionic monomer, (ii) a hydrophobic cross-linking oligomer and/or a comonomer, (iii) a free radical initiator, and (iii) a solvent for solubilizing the hydrophilic ionic monomer, the hydrophobic cross-linking oligomer and/or comonomer, and the free radical initiator into a homogenous mixture. (3) removing excess homogenous solution from the saturated porous matrix, (4) stimulating release of free radicals from the free radical initiator thereby initiating a polymerization reaction to form a cross-linked ion-transferring polymer substantially filling the pores and covering the surfaces of the porous matrix thereby forming a membrane, (5) washing the membrane to remove excess solvent, and (6) optionally bathing the washed membrane in a sodium chloride solution to selectively cross-link sodium or chloride ions to and within the ion-transferring polymer.
The present disclosure is directed at a modular apparatus for a saltwater desalinating system, and a method for using same. The apparatus includes multiple internal modules that are compressively coupled to each other. Each of the internal modules includes a pair of rigid end plates located at opposing ends of the internal module, and a stack of membrane bounded compartments that are layered from one of the end plates to the other. The modular apparatus can be used in a membrane based desalination system, which includes concentration difference energy systems, electrodialysis reversal systems, and membrane distillation systems. The modular apparatus helps to mitigate problems such as leakage and buckling in such systems, and can be used to increase membrane packing density and, accordingly, desalination efficiency.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
B01D 61/48 - Appareils à cet effet ayant un ou plusieurs compartiments remplis d'un matériau échangeur d'ions
B01J 47/06 - Procédés sur colonne ou sur lit durant lesquels la substance échangeur d'ions est soumise à un traitement physique, p. ex. à la chaleur, à un courant électrique, à une irradiation ou à une vibration
B01J 47/12 - Procédés d'échange d'ions en généralAppareillage à cet effet caractérisés par l'emploi d'une substance échangeur d'ions sous forme de rubans, de filaments, de fibres ou de feuilles, p. ex. sous forme de membranes
C02F 1/00 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout
C02F 1/42 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par échange d'ions
82.
Modular apparatus for a saltwater desalinating system, and method for using same
The present disclosure is directed at a modular apparatus for a saltwater desalinating system, and a method for using same. The apparatus includes multiple internal modules that are compressively coupled to each other. Each of the internal modules includes a pair of rigid end plates located at opposing ends of the internal module, and a stack of membrane bounded compartments that are layered from one of the end plates to the other. The modular apparatus can be used in a membrane based desalination system, which includes concentration difference energy systems, electrodialysis reversal systems, and membrane distillation systems. The modular apparatus helps to mitigate problems such as leakage and buckling in such systems, and can be used to increase membrane packing density and, accordingly, desalination efficiency.
B01D 25/02 - Filtres formés par l'assemblage de plusieurs éléments filtrants fixés ensemble ou parties de tels éléments dont les éléments sont constitués par des unités filtrantes indépendantes et préfabriquées, p. ex. systèmes modulaires
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
11 - Appareils de contrôle de l'environnement
Produits et services
Water desalination services; water treatment services; power generation services, brine treatment services, water treatment services, namely, salt recovery services, metals recovery services Desalination units; water treatment systems, namely, clarification and thickening machines for use in treatment of liquids in the nature of water, waste water and industrial water; power generation equipment, namely, power plants; Desalination apparatus, installations, plants; apparatus for reverse osmosis; water filtration machines, effluent treatment machines to separate water from contaminants; polymeric membranes, cross-linked polymeric membranes in sheet form, polymeric porous membranes in sheet form all for use in the separation of fluids; water filtration units for brine treatment, salt recovery and metals recovery; membrane filter cartridges for purification purposes
84.
MODULAR APPARATUS FOR A SALTWATER DESALINATING SYSTEM, AND METHOD FOR USING SAME
The present disclosure is directed at a modular apparatus for a saltwater desalinating system, and a method for using same. The apparatus includes multiple internal modules that are compressively coupled to each other. Each of the internal modules includes a pair of rigid end plates located at opposing ends of the internal module, and a stack of membrane bounded compartments that are layered from one of the end plates to the other. The modular apparatus can be used in a membrane based desalination system, which includes concentration difference energy systems, electrodialysis reversal systems, and membrane distillation systems. The modular apparatus helps to mitigate problems such as leakage and buckling in such systems, and can be used to increase membrane packing density and, accordingly, desalination efficiency.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
C02F 1/00 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout
C02F 1/42 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par échange d'ions
C02F 1/46 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques
17 - Produits en caoutchouc ou en matières plastiques; matières à calfeutrer et à isoler
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
Produits et services
(1) Desalination equipment, namely, desalination equipment used to remove contaminants from water, or to extract metals or other constituents from water; water treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to remove contaminants from water, extract metals or other constituents from water; water treatment equipment, namely, equipment that separates or removes dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water employing an electrodialysis process; water treatment equipment, namely, equipment that separates or removes dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water employing an evaporation and condensation process; water treatment equipment, namely, equipment that separates or removes dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water employing a reverse osmosis process; water treatment equipment, namely, equipment that separates or removes dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water employing polymeric membranes; water purification equipment, namely, equipment that purifies water using an electrodialysis process, or an evaporation and condensation process, or reverse osmosis, or polymeric membranes; polymeric membranes used to separate or remove dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water and to generate electric power as a component of an electrochemical process; brine treatment equipment, namely, equipment used to remove dissolved ionic compounds and metals from water using an electrodialysis process, or an evaporation and condensation process, or reverse osmosis, or polymeric membranes; and equipment for recovering dissolved ionic compounds from water and for recovering dissolved metals from water, employing an electrodialysis process, or an evaporation and condensation process, or reverse osmosis, or polymeric membranes; power generation equipment, namely equipment used to generate electricity from salt water; equipment that generates electric power utilizing an electrochemical process that employs dissolved ionic compounds and polymeric membranes. (1) Water desalination services; water treatment services used to convert salt water into fresh water, to remove contaminants from water, to extract ionic compounds, metals or other constituents from water, to reduce the volume of water and convert salt water into solid ionic compounds; water treatment services provided to others, namely, desalinating water and purifying water employing an electrodialysis process, or an evaporation and condensation process, or reverse osmosis, or polymeric membranes; power generation services provided to others for the purposes of generating electricity from salt water, namely, generating electric power for others utilizing an electrochemical process that employs ionic compounds and polymeric membranes.
86.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DESALINATING SALTWATER WHILE GENERATING ELECTRICITY
The present disclosure is directed at methods, systems and techniques for desalinating saltwater while generating electricity. A reverse electrodialysis (RED) stack is used to generate electricity, and the generated electricity is used to desalinate saltwater in an electrodialysis reversal (EDR) stack. As the RED stack relies on a concentration difference between two ionic fluids to generate electricity, a desalination plant that incorporates the RED and EDR stacks as described herein is referred to as a concentration difference energy plant. Brine discharge from a first desalination plant, such as a reverse osmosis plant, can be partially desalinated by the concentration difference energy plant, and the partially desalinated brine may optionally be returned to the first desalination plant for further desalination. This can result in several benefits. For example, the concentration difference energy plant can remove larger ionic species, which if not removed could cause scaling in the first desalination plant.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
H01M 8/24 - Groupement d'éléments à combustible, p. ex. empilement d'éléments à combustible
87.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DESALINATING SALTWATER USING CONCENTRATION DIFFERENCE ENERGY
Described herein are a method and system for desalinating saltwater using concentration difference energy. A "five stream" dialytic stack is described that can be used to desalinate saltwater at a relatively high recovery ratio. The dialytic stack may include, for example, one or more drive cells having a paired concentrate and a diluent-c chamber in ionic communication with a product chamber that is adjacent to an anion and a cation discharge chamber each filled with diluent-p. The drive cell applies a drive voltage across the product chamber, and when the drive voltage exceeds a desalination voltage of the product chamber, the saltwater in the product chamber is desalinated. The diluent-p may be at a lower ionic concentration than the diluent-c, which may be at a lower concentration than the concentrate. The relatively high concentrations of the concentrate and the diluent-c facilitate a relatively high recovery ratio, while the relatively low concentration of the diluent-p facilitates a relatively low desalination voltage. The dialytic stack may accept brine discharged from a first desalination plant and may use this brine as a source of the concentrate, diluent-c, or diluent-p. Alternatively, the dialytic stack may accept the brine as saltwater to be desalinated, and may then output desalinated brine back to the first desalination plant for further desalination. Processing the brine in the dialytic stack may decrease its volume, decreasing costs associated with treating or otherwise disposing of the brine.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
C02F 1/42 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par échange d'ions
88.
METHOD, APPARATUS AND PLANT FOR DESALINATING SALTWATER USING CONCENTRATION DIFFERENCE ENERGY
A method and apparatus for desalinating saltwater using concentration difference energy is disclosed. In order to desalinate saltwater that is contained within a product chamber, a drive cell is used to generate a drive voltage. The product chamber has a desalination voltage such that when a sufficient voltage is applied to the product chamber, anions and cations migrate out of the product chamber, thereby desalinating the water. The sufficient voltage, which includes the drive voltage and which is equal to or greater than the desalination voltage, is applied to the product chamber, consequently effecting desalination. Beneficially, concentration difference energy can be generated using a concentrated solution, which can be generated using, for example, solar energy.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
A method and apparatus for desalinating saltwater using concentration difference energy is disclosed. In order to desalinate saltwater that is contained within a product chamber, a drive cell is used to generate a drive voltage. The product chamber has a desalination voltage such that when a sufficient voltage is applied to the product chamber, anions and cations migrate out of the product chamber, thereby desalinating the water. The sufficient voltage, which includes the drive voltage and which is equal to or greater than the desalination voltage, is applied to the product chamber, consequently effecting desalination. Beneficially, concentration difference energy can be generated using a concentrated solution, which can be generated using, for example, solar energy.
A method and apparatus for desalinating saltwater using concentration difference energy is disclosed. In order to desalinate saltwater that is contained within a product chamber, a drive cell is used to generate a drive voltage. The product chamber has a desalination voltage such that when a sufficient voltage is applied to the product chamber, anions and cations migrate out of the product chamber, thereby desalinating the water. The sufficient voltage, which includes the drive voltage and which is equal to or greater than the desalination voltage, is applied to the product chamber, consequently effecting desalination. Beneficially, concentration difference energy can be generated using a concentrated solution, which can be generated using, for example, solar energy.
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p. ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
C02F 1/42 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par échange d'ions