The invention relates to a method for operating a high-voltage pulse system (1), preferably a system (1) for the fragmenting and/or weakening of material (2) by means of high-voltage discharges, with an energy store (3) for providing the energy for the high-voltage pulses and a charging device (4) for charging the energy store (3). According to the method, in the intended high-voltage pulse operation, a sequence of high-voltage pulses is generated with the system (1) and thereby the energy store (3) is discharged completely at each high-voltage pulse and is only after the expiry of a charging pause (LP) recharged again for the next high-voltage pulse by means of supplying charging energy with the charging device (4).
By means of the operating method according to the invention, a time window is created between two successive high-voltage pulses each, in which the energy store(s) are substantially completely discharged and no charging-voltage is applied. Thereby it becomes possible to short-circuit or earth the energy store (3), respectively, without a short-circuiting or earthing current flowing thereby.
According to a method for fragmenting of pourable material by high-voltage discharges, a material flow of the material, immersed in a process liquid, is guided past an electrode assembly by a conveying device carrying the material flow. By charging the electrode assembly with high-voltage pulses, high-voltage punctures through the material of the material flow are produced. The electrodes of the electrode assembly are immersed in the process liquid from above, and those of these electrodes between which the high-voltage punctures are produced face each other with an electrode spacing transverse to the material flow direction.
B02C 23/10 - Séparation ou triage de matériaux, associé au broyage ou à la désagrégation au moyen d'un séparateur situé dans le passage de décharge de la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation
B02C 23/36 - Addition de fluide, dans un but autre que celui de broyer ou de désagréger par l'énergie du fluide la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation étant immergée dans un liquide
The invention relates to a method for operating a high-voltage pulse system (1), preferably a system (1) for fragmenting and/or weakening material (2) by means of high-voltage discharges, comprising an energy storage unit (3) for providing the energy for the high-voltage pulses and a charging device (4) for charging the energy storage unit (3). According to the method, a sequence of high-voltage pulses are generated using the system (1) in the intended high-voltage pulse operation. The energy storage unit (3) is completely discharged for each high-voltage pulse and is recharged for the next high-voltage pulse by being supplied with charge energy by means of the charging device (4) only after a charging pause (LP) has expired. By means of the operating method according to the invention, a respective time window is produced between two successive high-voltage pulses, wherein the energy storage unit(s) is/are practically completely emptied and no charging voltage is applied during the time window. Thus, it is possible to short-circuit or ground the energy storage unit (3) without a short-circuit or grounding current flow.
The invention relates to a method for operating a high-voltage pulse system (1), preferably a system (1) for fragmenting and/or weakening material (2) by means of high-voltage discharges, comprising an energy storage unit (3) for providing the energy for the high-voltage pulses and a charging device (4) for charging the energy storage unit (3). According to the method, a sequence of high-voltage pulses are generated using the system (1) in the intended high-voltage pulse operation. The energy storage unit (3) is completely discharged for each high-voltage pulse and is recharged for the next high-voltage pulse by being supplied with charge energy by means of the charging device (4) only after a charging pause (LP) has expired. By means of the operating method according to the invention, a respective time window is produced between two successive high-voltage pulses, wherein the energy storage unit(s) is/are practically completely emptied and no charging voltage is applied during the time window. Thus, it is possible to short-circuit or ground the energy storage unit (3) without a short-circuit or grounding current flow.
A method for fragmenting and/or weakening of pourable material by means of high-voltage discharges is disclosed. Thereby, a material flow of the pourable material is, immersed in a process liquid, guided past a high-voltage electrode assembly with one or more high-voltage electrodes, while high-voltage punctures through the material are produced by means of charging of the high-voltage electrodes with high-voltage pulses. The zone of the material flow in which the high-voltage punctures through the material are produced is delimited laterally by substantially unmoved zones of the same material as viewed in a guiding-past direction. With the disclosed method, it becomes possible to fragment and/or weaken pourable material in a continuous process by means of high-voltage punctures in a low-wear and low-contamination manner.
B02C 19/18 - Utilisation d'effets physiques auxiliaires aidant la désagrégation, p. ex. ultrasons, irradiation
B02C 23/12 - Séparation ou triage de matériaux, associé au broyage ou à la désagrégation au moyen d'un séparateur situé dans le passage de décharge de la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation avec retour des matériaux hors dimension à la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation
B02C 23/36 - Addition de fluide, dans un but autre que celui de broyer ou de désagréger par l'énergie du fluide la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation étant immergée dans un liquide
6.
METHOD OF TREATING A SOLID MATERIAL BY MEANS OF HIGH VOLTAGE DISCHARGES
The invention concerns a method of fragmenting and/or weakening a solid material (4) by means of high voltage discharges (5). It comprises the steps: • a) providing a process zone between at least two electrodes (20, 20') arranged at a distance relative to each other, which process zone is flooded with a process liquid (21) and which contains, arranged between the two electrodes (20, 20'), the material (4) that is to be treated; • b) generating a high voltage pdischarge (5) between the at least two electrodes (20, 20') by charging the at least two electrodes with a high voltage pulse by means of a tunable high voltage generator (1) being set to predetermined pulse parameters; • c) determining a signal representing at least one parameter of the high voltage discharge (5) and/or an effect caused in the process zone by the high voltage discharge (5); • d) comparing the determined signal in its determined form and/or in a processed form with at least one reference; and • e) depending on the result of the comparison, keeping the pulse parameters of the high voltage generator (1) unchanged and repeating the steps b) to e) or changing one or several of the pulse parameters of the high voltage generator (1) and repeating the steps b) to e).
A method for fragmenting and/or weakening pourable material includes guiding a material stream of pourable material immersed in a process liquid along an annular or arcuate channel past a high-voltage electrode assembly. The high-voltage electrode assembly, which includes one or more generators, generates high-voltage punctures through the material flow. Material is supplied to the material stream upstream of the high voltage electrode arrangement. Material is guided away from the material stream downstream of the high-voltage electrode assembly.
B02C 19/18 - Utilisation d'effets physiques auxiliaires aidant la désagrégation, p. ex. ultrasons, irradiation
B02C 23/12 - Séparation ou triage de matériaux, associé au broyage ou à la désagrégation au moyen d'un séparateur situé dans le passage de décharge de la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation avec retour des matériaux hors dimension à la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation
B02C 23/22 - Addition de fluide, dans un but autre que celui de broyer ou de désagréger par l'énergie du fluide après broyage ou désagrégation avec recirculation des matériaux vers la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation
B02C 23/36 - Addition de fluide, dans un but autre que celui de broyer ou de désagréger par l'énergie du fluide la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation étant immergée dans un liquide
8.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FRAGMENTING AND/OR WEAKENING POURABLE MATERIAL BY MEANS OF HIGH-VOLTAGE DISCHARGE
The invention relates to a method for fragmenting and/or weakening pourable material (1) by means of high-voltage discharges. In said method, a material flow of the pourable material (1) is guided past a high-voltage electrode assembly (2) having one or more high-voltage electrodes (7), the material flow being immersed in a process liquid (4), while high-voltage punctures through the material (1) are produced by applying high-voltage pulses to the high-voltage electrodes (7). The zone of the material flow in which the high-voltage punctures through the material (1) are produced is bounded by substantially unmoved zones (9) of the same material (1) laterally, as viewed in the guiding-past direction (S). The method according to the invention enable the fragmenting and/or weakening of pourable material (1) in a low-wear and low-contamination manner in a continuous process by means of high-voltage discharges.
B02C 19/18 - Utilisation d'effets physiques auxiliaires aidant la désagrégation, p. ex. ultrasons, irradiation
B02C 23/12 - Séparation ou triage de matériaux, associé au broyage ou à la désagrégation au moyen d'un séparateur situé dans le passage de décharge de la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation avec retour des matériaux hors dimension à la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation
9.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FRAGMENTING AND/OR WEAKENING POURABLE MATERIAL BY MEANS OF HIGH-VOLTAGE DISCHARGES
The invention relates to a method for fragmenting pourable material (1) by means of high-voltage discharges. A material flow of the material (1) is guided past an electrode assembly (2) by means of a conveying device (6) that carries the material flow, the material flow being immersed in a process liquid (5), while high-voltage punctures through the material (1) of the material flow are produced by applying high-voltage pulses to the electrode assembly (2). The electrodes (12, 13) of the electrode assembly (2) are dipped into the process liquid (5) from above, and those of these electrodes (12, 13) between which the high-voltage punctures are produced lie opposite each other transversely to the material guiding-past direction (S) at an electrode distance in each case. The invention makes enables the provision of a continuous method for fragmenting large amounts of pourable material (1), wherein the dwell time of the material (1) in the process zone can be set in wide ranges and practically independently of the piece size of the materials and wherein complex conveying devices that are electrically conductive at least in the region of the process zone, which are expensive and additionally subject to heavy wear, can be forgone.
The invention relates to a method for fragmenting and/or weakening pourable material (1) by means of high-voltage discharges. In said method, a material flow of the pourable material (1) is guided past a high-voltage electrode assembly (2) having one or more high-voltage electrodes (7), the material flow being immersed in a process liquid (4), while high-voltage punctures through the material (1) are produced by applying high-voltage pulses to the high-voltage electrodes (7). The zone of the material flow in which the high-voltage punctures through the material (1) are produced is bounded by substantially unmoved zones (9) of the same material (1) laterally, as viewed in the guiding-past direction (S). The method according to the invention enable the fragmenting and/or weakening of pourable material (1) in a low-wear and low-contamination manner in a continuous process by means of high-voltage discharges.
B02C 19/18 - Utilisation d'effets physiques auxiliaires aidant la désagrégation, p. ex. ultrasons, irradiation
B02C 23/12 - Séparation ou triage de matériaux, associé au broyage ou à la désagrégation au moyen d'un séparateur situé dans le passage de décharge de la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation avec retour des matériaux hors dimension à la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation
B28D 1/00 - Travail de la pierre ou des matériaux analogues p. ex. briques, béton, non prévu ailleursMachines, dispositifs, outils à cet effet
11.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FRAGMENTING AND / OR WEAKENING OF POURABLE MATERIAL BY MEANS OF HIGH-VOLTAGE DISCHARGES
The invention relates to a method for fragmenting pourable material (1) by means of high-voltage discharges. A material flow of the material (1) is guided past an electrode assembly (2) by means of a conveying device (6) that carries the material flow, the material flow being immersed in a process liquid (5), while high-voltage punctures through the material (1) of the material flow are produced by applying high-voltage pulses to the electrode assembly (2). The electrodes (12, 13) of the electrode assembly (2) are dipped into the process liquid (5) from above, and those of these electrodes (12, 13) between which the high-voltage punctures are produced lie opposite each other transversely to the material guiding-past direction (S) at an electrode distance in each case. The invention makes enables the provision of a continuous method for fragmenting large amounts of pourable material (1), wherein the dwell time of the material (1) in the process zone can be set in wide ranges and practically independently of the piece size of the materials and wherein complex conveying devices that are electrically conductive at least in the region of the process zone, which are expensive and additionally subject to heavy wear, can be forgone.
The invention relates to a method for fragmenting and/or weakening pourable material (1) by means of high-voltage discharges. According to said method, an annular or arcuate material flow (4) of the material (1) is formed and said material flow is guided past a high-voltage electrode assembly (2) while immersed in a process liquid (5), by means of which high-voltage electrode assembly high-voltage punctures through the material flow (4) are produced in that high-voltage pulses are applied to the high-voltage electrodes of the high-voltage electrode assembly by means of a high-voltage generator (3). Material (1) is fed to the material flow (4) upstream of the high-voltage electrode assembly (2), and material (1) is led away from the material flow (4) downstream of the high-voltage electrode assembly (2). The method according to the invention enables a continuous process, in which the speed at which the material (1) is led through the process zone and the intensity with which high-voltage punctures are applied to the material can be set in wide ranges and any insufficiently processed material (1) exiting the process zone can be fed back to the process zone over a very short distance and practically without additional space requirement.
The invention relates to a method for fragmenting and/or weakening pourable material (1) by means of high-voltage discharges. According to said method, an annular or arcuate material flow (4) of the material (1) is formed and said material flow is guided past a high-voltage electrode assembly (2) while immersed in a process liquid (5), by means of which high-voltage electrode assembly high-voltage punctures through the material flow (4) are produced in that high-voltage pulses are applied to the high-voltage electrodes of the high-voltage electrode assembly by means of a high-voltage generator (3). Material (1) is fed to the material flow (4) upstream of the high-voltage electrode assembly (2), and material (1) is led away from the material flow (4) downstream of the high-voltage electrode assembly (2). The method according to the invention enables a continuous process, in which the speed at which the material (1) is led through the process zone and the intensity with which high-voltage punctures are applied to the material can be set in wide ranges and any insufficiently processed material (1) exiting the process zone can be fed back to the process zone over a very short distance and practically without additional space requirement.
The invention relates to a method for the fragmentation and/or weakening of a piece of material (1) by means of high-voltage discharges. According to the method, the piece of material (1), immersed in a process fluid (5), is guided past a matrix (2) formed by a number of high-voltage electrodes (3) which are supplied with high-voltage pulses, such that high-voltage disruptive discharges occur through the piece of material whilst same is guided past the matrix (2). The high-voltage electrodes (3) can be moved independently of one another along movement axes (X) running substantially perpendicular to the passing direction (S, S2) of the work piece (1), and are moved, whilst the piece of material (1) is guided past and whilst the high-voltage disruptive discharges are generated, in such a way that each follows the contour of the piece of material (1) at a determined distance and are thereby immersed in the process fluid (5). With the method according to the invention, large pieces of material (1) of different shapes can be fragmented and/or weakened in a simple manner and without costly pre-crushing.
The invention relates to a method for fragmenting a rod-like semiconductor material (1), comprising the steps: a) providing a section (3) of the rod-like material (1) that is surrounded by a process fluid (2); b) arranging an electrode arrangement (4) comprising two electrodes (5, 6) in the region of this section (3) in such a way that the electrodes (5, 6) are immersed in the process fluid (2) and are at a distance from one another and are each at a distance from the rod-like material (1), c) generating high-voltage breakdowns through the rod-like material (1) and/or along the surface of the rod-like material (1) in the region of the electrodes (5, 6) by applying high-voltage pulses to the electrode arrangement (4), wherein, during the generation of the high-voltage breakdowns, a relative movement in the longitudinal direction of the rod-like material (1) is generated between the electrode arrangement (4) and the rod-like material (1). By virtue of the method according to the invention, it is possible to comminute rod-like semiconductor material into a fraction of relatively uniform size and shape with a low energy expenditure, and to maintain a low contamination with foreign material.
The invention relates to a method for fragmenting a rod-like semiconductor material (1), comprising the steps: a) providing a section (3) of the rod-like material (1) that is surrounded by a process fluid (2); b) arranging an electrode arrangement (4) comprising two electrodes (5, 6) in the region of this section (3) in such a way that the electrodes (5, 6) are immersed in the process fluid (2) and are at a distance from one another and are each at a distance from the rod-like material (1), c) generating high-voltage breakdowns through the rod-like material (1) and/or along the surface of the rod-like material (1) in the region of the electrodes (5, 6) by applying high-voltage pulses to the electrode arrangement (4), wherein, during the generation of the high-voltage breakdowns, a relative movement in the longitudinal direction of the rod-like material (1) is generated between the electrode arrangement (4) and the rod-like material (1). By virtue of the method according to the invention, it is possible to comminute rod-like semiconductor material into a fraction of relatively uniform size and shape with a low energy expenditure, and to maintain a low contamination with foreign material.
A method for fragmenting and/or weakening material by high-voltage pulses is provided. The material and a processing fluid are arranged in a processing zone formed between two electrodes such that the entire processing zone is flooded with processing fluid, and high-voltage pulses are applied to the electrodes such that high-voltage breakdowns occur between the two electrodes and/or such that predischarge channels are formed without breakdowns. An electrode with a metallic conductor is chosen for at least one of the two electrodes, the conductor being provided partially or completely with an insulator or insulating coating at the working end of the electrode that is in contact with the processing fluid, the permittivity of the insulator/insulating coating being at least 75% of the permittivity of the processing fluid.
The invention concerns a method of fragmenting a material by means of high voltage discharges. The material that is to be fragmented is fed through a process zone which is arranged between two electrodes which is flooded with a process liquid. While feeding the material through the process zone, high voltage discharges are generated between the electrodes, for fragmenting the material, and process liquid is fed into the process zone and is discharged from the process zone. In that state, a degree of turbidity of the process liquid discharged from the process zone is determined and is compared with a reference value. In case a deviation from the reference value is detected, one or more parameters of the generation of high voltage discharges and/or of the feeding of the material through the process zone are changed in such a manner that, when after the changing of the parameters the determination of the degree of turbidity and the comparing with the reference value is repeated, the deviation which is detected then is reduced or no deviation is detected. With this method it becomes possible to ensure a substantially constant quality of the processed material even when the feed material varies in quality, or to at least diminish the effect of the variation of the feed material on the quality of the processed material.
The invention relates to a method for fragmenting material (1) by means of high-voltage discharges (6). The material (1) to be fragmented is guided through a process zone (5) formed between two electrodes (3, 4), whereas high-voltage discharges (6) are generated between said electrodes (3, 4) for fragmenting the material (1). The high-voltage discharges (6) are triggered subject to a continuously determined process parameter, which represents the situation with respect to the material (1) located in the process zone (5). In this way, the process can be guided such that high-voltage discharges (6) are only triggered if there is a situation in the process zone (5), in which a specified fragmentation work can be performed. In this way, the energy efficiency of the process can be considerably improved, and an excessive fragmentation of the material (1) can be prevented.
A method of fragmenting and/or weakening of material is provided that utilizes high voltage discharges. The material is together with a process liquid introduced into a process area, in which two electrodes face each other at a distance, and is arranged therein in such a manner that the area between the two electrodes is filled with the material and process liquid. Between the two electrodes high voltage discharges are generated for fragmenting or weakening of the material. During the fragmenting or weakening, respectively, of the material, process liquid is discharged from the process area and process liquid is fed into the process area. The process liquid which is fed has a lower electrical conductivity than the process liquid which is discharged.
B02C 19/18 - Utilisation d'effets physiques auxiliaires aidant la désagrégation, p. ex. ultrasons, irradiation
B02C 25/00 - Systèmes de commande spécialement adaptés au broyage ou à la désagrégation
B02C 23/06 - Emploi d'additifs pour aider la désagrégation
B02C 23/12 - Séparation ou triage de matériaux, associé au broyage ou à la désagrégation au moyen d'un séparateur situé dans le passage de décharge de la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation avec retour des matériaux hors dimension à la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation
B02C 23/22 - Addition de fluide, dans un but autre que celui de broyer ou de désagréger par l'énergie du fluide après broyage ou désagrégation avec recirculation des matériaux vers la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation
B02C 23/36 - Addition de fluide, dans un but autre que celui de broyer ou de désagréger par l'énergie du fluide la zone de broyage ou de désagrégation étant immergée dans un liquide
21.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FRAGMENTING AND/OR WEAKENING MATERIAL BY MEANS OF HIGH-VOLTAGE PULSES
The invention relates to a method for fragmenting and/or weakening material by means of high-voltage pulses, the material and a processing fluid being arranged in a processing zone formed between two electrodes such that the entire processing zone is flooded with processing fluid, and high-voltage pulses being applied to the electrodes such that high-voltage breakdowns occur between the two electrodes and/or such that predischarge channels are formed without breakdowns. An electrode with a metallic conductor (1) is chosen for at least one of the two electrodes, the conductor being provided partially or completely with an insulator or insulating coating (2) at the working end of the electrode that is in contact with the processing fluid, the permittivity of the insulator/insulating coating being at least 75% of the permittivity of the processing fluid. The use of such an electrode allows the energy efficiency of methods for fragmenting and/or weakening material by means of high-voltage pulses to be significantly improved and further allows greater tolerance to be achieved with respect to an increase in the conductivity of the processing fluid.
The invention relates to a method for fragmenting and/or weakening material by means of high-voltage pulses, the material and a processing fluid being arranged in a processing zone formed between two electrodes such that the entire processing zone is flooded with processing fluid, and high-voltage pulses being applied to the electrodes such that high-voltage breakdowns occur between the two electrodes and/or such that predischarge channels are formed without breakdowns. An electrode with a metallic conductor (1) is chosen for at least one of the two electrodes, the conductor being provided partially or completely with an insulator or insulating coating (2) at the working end of the electrode that is in contact with the processing fluid, the permittivity of the insulator/insulating coating being at least 75% of the permittivity of the processing fluid. The use of such an electrode allows the energy efficiency of methods for fragmenting and/or weakening material by means of high-voltage pulses to be significantly improved and further allows greater tolerance to be achieved with respect to an increase in the conductivity of the processing fluid.
h) in the area of a shortest connecting line (L) between the electrodes of the respective electrode pair, a ball (K) can pass through the passage opening (1), the diameter of which is bigger than the length of this respective shortest connecting line (L).
With such an electrode arrangement it is possible to carry out an electrodynamic fragmentation of fragmentation material in an economical manner with comparatively small high-voltage pulses. This also results in the possibility of expanding the realizable target value range of existing plants considerably in the direction of larger target values by retrofitting such plants with the electrode arrangement according to the invention.
The invention concerns a method of fragmenting and/or weakening of material (1) by means of high voltage discharges. The material (1) is together with a process liquid (5) introduced into a process area (2), in which two electrodes (3, 4) face each other at a distance, and is arranged therein in such a manner that the area between the two electrodes (3, 4) is filled with material (1) and process liquid (5). Between the two electrodes (3, 4) high voltage discharges are generated for fragmenting or weakening, respectively, of the material. According to the invention, during the fragmenting or weakening, respectively, of the material (1), process liquid (5) is discharged from the process area (2) and process liquid (5) is fed into the process area (2). The process liquid (5) which is fed has a lower electrical conductivity than the process liquid (5) which is discharged. It has shown that by this measure in the electrodynamic methods known today, the energy efficiency and the capability of comminuting hard and brittle material can considerable by improved.
The invention relates to a method for fragmenting and/or weakening material (1) using high-voltage discharges. The material (1) together with a processing liquid (5) are introduced into a processing chamber (2) in which two electrodes (3, 4) which are positioned opposite each other are at a distance from each other and are arranged in said chamber such that the region between the two electrodes (3, 4) is filled with the material (1) and the processing liquid (5). High-voltage discharges are generated between the two electrodes (3, 4) in order to fragment or weaken the material (1). According to the invention, processing liquid is discharged from the processing chamber (2) and introduced into the processing chamber (2) while the material (1) is being fragmented or weakened. The introduced processing liquid (5) has a lower electric conductivity than the discharged processing liquid (5). It has been shown that the energy efficiency and the ability to comminute hard and brittle materials can be substantially improved using said method in the electrodynamic methods known today.
The invention relates to an electrode arrangement for an electrodynamic fragmentation plant having a through-passage opening (1) for fragmentation material (3) and having a plurality of electrode pairs (4a, 5a; 4a, 5b; 4b, 5c; 4b, 5d; 4c, 5e; 4c, 5f; 4d, 5g; 4d, 5h), by means of which, by subjecting the electrodes (4a-4d, 5a-5h) thereof to high-voltage pulses, in each case high-voltage discharges can be generated within the through-passage opening (1) in order to fragment the fragmentation material (3). In this case, the through-passage opening (1) is formed in such a way and the electrodes (4a-4d, 5a-5h) of the electrode pairs are arranged therein in such a way that for each electrode pair (4a, 5a; 4a, 5b; 4b, 5c; 4b, 5d; 4c, 5e; 4c, 5f; 4d, 5g; 4d, 5h) a ball (K) can pass through the through-passage opening (1) in the region of the shortest connecting line (L) between the electrodes of each electrode pair, the diameter of said ball (K) being greater than the length of this respective shortest connecting line (L). With such an electrode arrangement, it is possible to carry out an electrodynamic fragmentation of fragmentation material in an economical manner with comparatively small high-voltage pulses. This also results in the possibility of expanding the realizable target value range of existing plants considerably in the direction of larger target values by retrofitting such plants with the electrode arrangement according to the invention.
The invention relates to an electrode arrangement for an electrodynamic fragmentation plant having a through-passage opening (1) for fragmentation material (3) and having a plurality of electrode pairs (4a, 5a; 4a, 5b; 4b, 5c; 4b, 5d; 4c, 5e; 4c, 5f; 4d, 5g; 4d, 5h), by means of which, by subjecting the electrodes (4a-4d, 5a-5h) thereof to high-voltage pulses, in each case high-voltage discharges can be generated within the through-passage opening (1) in order to fragment the fragmentation material (3). In this case, the through-passage opening (1) is formed in such a way and the electrodes (4a-4d, 5a-5h) of the electrode pairs are arranged therein in such a way that for each electrode pair (4a, 5a; 4a, 5b; 4b, 5c; 4b, 5d; 4c, 5e; 4c, 5f; 4d, 5g; 4d, 5h) a ball (K) can pass through the through-passage opening (1) in the region of the shortest connecting line (L) between the electrodes of each electrode pair, the diameter of said ball (K) being greater than the length of this respective shortest connecting line (L). With such an electrode arrangement, it is possible to carry out an electrodynamic fragmentation of fragmentation material in an economical manner with comparatively small high-voltage pulses. This also results in the possibility of expanding the realizable target value range of existing plants considerably in the direction of larger target values by retrofitting such plants with the electrode arrangement according to the invention.
The invention relates to an electrode arrangement for an electrodynamic fragmentation plant having a passage opening (1) for fragmentation material (3) and having several electrode pairs (4a, 5a; 4a, 5b; 4b, 5c; 4b, 5d; 4c, 5e; 4c, 5f; 4d, 5g; 4d, 5h) by means of which, by charging the electrodes (4a-4d, 5a-5h) thereof with high-voltage pulses, in each case high- voltage discharges can be generated within the passage opening (1), for fragmentation of the fragmentation material (3). The passage opening (1) is formed in such a way and the electrodes (4a-4d, 5a-5h) of the electrode pairs are arranged therein in such a way that for each electrode pair (4a, 5a; 4a, 5b; 4b, 5c; 4b, 5d; 4c, 5e; 4c, 5f; 4d, 5g; 4d, 5h) in the area of a shortest connecting line (L) between the electrodes of the respective electrode pair, a ball (K) can pass through the passage opening (1), the diameter of which is bigger than the length of this respective shortest connecting line (L). With such an electrode arrangement it is possible to carry out an electrodynamic fragmentation of fragmenatation material in an economical manner with comparatively small high-voltage pulses. This also results in the possibility of expanding the realizable target value range of existing plants considerably in the direction of larger target values by retrofitting such plants with the electrode arrangement according to the invention.
09 - Appareils et instruments scientifiques et électriques
10 - Appareils et instruments médicaux
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
Produits et services
Machines and machine tools, particularly for material
treatment, the attenuation, separation and milling of solid
materials, machines for treating goods for recycling
(included in this class), in particular machines for
separating goods for recycling into their component
materials, apparatus and instruments not for medical
purposes (included in this class) for the attenuation,
separation or milling of solid materials, in particular of
insulating materials and mineral substances, apparatus and
instruments not for medical purposes (included in this
class) for the attenuation, separation and milling of solid
materials, in particular of insulating materials and mineral
substances, using electricity. Laboratory apparatus for separation or scientific milling
and for scientific analysis of solid materials, in
particular insulating materials; apparatus and instruments
for generating electrical impulses for the attenuation,
separation or milling of solid materials, in particular
insulating materials and mineral substances. Apparatus and instruments for medical purposes for the
attenuation, separation, or milling of solid materials, in
particular insulating materials and mineral substances;
apparatus and instruments for medical purposes for the
attenuation, separation, or milling of solid materials, in
particular insulating materials and mineral substances,
using electricity. Services related to machining of materials, in particular
the separation, or milling of solid materials using
electricity; recycling of waste and trash.
09 - Appareils et instruments scientifiques et électriques
10 - Appareils et instruments médicaux
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
Produits et services
(1) Machines and machine tools for material processing, attenuation, separation and milling of solids; machines for conditioning of recycling goods, namely machines for separating recycling goods into their constituents; apparatuses and instruments not for medical use for attenuation, separation and milling of non-conducting and mineral solids employing electrical energy; laboratory apparatuses for the scientific separation and milling and for the analysis of non-conducting solids; apparatuses and instruments for the generation of electrical pulses for the attenuation, separation and milling of non-conducting and mineral solids; apparatuses and instruments for medical use for the attenuation, separation and milling of non-conducting and mineral solids; apparatuses and instruments for medical use for the attenuation, separation and milling of non-conducting and mineral solids in flowing electrical energy. (1) Services in connection with the processing of materials, in particular separation and milling of solid matters employing electrical energy; recycling of garbage and waste.
09 - Appareils et instruments scientifiques et électriques
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
Produits et services
Machines and machine tools for separation and milling of solid materials, for separating goods into their component materials, in particular of insulating materials and mineral substances, namely, machines and machine tools for applying electrical pulses to materials to fragment the materials Laboratory apparatus and instruments for separation and scientific analysis of solid materials, in particular insulating materials and mineral substances, namely, laboratory apparatus and instruments for applying electrical impulses for the separation or milling and analysis of solid materials Material treatment services for others, namely, separation or milling of solid materials by applying electrical pulses to fragment the materials; recycling of waste and trash
32.
Working electrode for an electrodynamic fragmenting installation
The invention relates to working electrode for an electrodynamic fragmenting installation. The working electrode comprises an insulator (1) with a central conductor (2), which axially passes through the insulator (1) and carries at its working end an electrode tip (3) which is formed by an exchangeable changing part (4) and adjoins a stop area (6) of the central conductor (2) with a contact area (5) under axial compressive prestress.
The invention makes it possible to provide working electrodes for electrodynamic fragmenting installations in which the electrode tips can be exchanged in a simple manner and which can be operated practically without maintenance over a long period of time even in case of great pressure pulsations.
The invention relates to a sample holder having an insulation body (10; 50) and a first electrode (3; 33) and a second electrode (4; 34), wherein the first electrode (3; 33) and the second electrode (4; 34) project into the sample container (2; 32), the first electrode (3; 33) and the second electrode (4; 34) are connected to each other via the insulation body (10; 50), the sample container (2; 32) is filled with a dielectric liquid (5; 35), and the first electrode (3; 33) is assigned to a gas collection chamber (6; 36). The invention further relates to an assembly for the electrodynamic fragmentation of samples (38), having such a sample container (2; 32), a process container (22; 41), and means (24, 27; 39, 39.1, 39.2, 40, 43) for connecting the first electrode (3; 33) and the second electrode (4; 34) of the sample container (2; 32) to a high voltage source (42), wherein the process container (22; 41) is filled with a dielectric liquid (46), and the sample container (2; 32) is arranged inside the process container (22; 41) in the dielectric liquid (46).
The invention relates to a process container for fragmenting material by means of high-voltage discharges with a process space (1), in which the bare end sides of an upper (2) and a lower electrode (3) are positioned opposite one another with an electrode spacing (EA) for the purpose of forming a high-voltage discharge gap. The boundary walls (4) of the process space (1) are designed to be electrically insulating in the region surrounding the high-voltage discharge gap and surround this region, when measured from the shortest discharge path, at a spacing (A) of less than one and a half times the electrode spacing (EA). Such a process container allows for good energetic efficiency of the fragmentation process and in addition also makes possible the fragmentation of very solid materials.
The invention relates to an arrangement comprising a high voltage electrode (1) and a process vessel (2) that is associated with said high voltage electrode (1). The high voltage electrode (1) and the process vessel (2) can be placed relative to one another in such a way that the operational end (5) of the high voltage electrode (1) is immersed in the process vessel (2) in an operating position while being disposed outside the process vessel (2) in an off position. The arrangement further comprises a grounding device (3) which is embodied so as to automatically enter in contact with the operational end (5) of the electrode in order to ground the high voltage electrode (1) when the same is placed in the off position. The inventive arrangement makes it possible to create electrodynamic fragmentation systems in which the high voltage electrode (1) is automatically and reliably grounded when the operational end (5) thereof becomes accessible while the grounding can actually be seen, thus significantly improving personnel safety.
