Abrégé

A sampling system for collection of VOCs in air includes a canister and a valve configured to pulse open and closed for the constant introduction of an air sample into the canister over time. Throughout the duration of sampling, the time for which the valve is open for each pulse is modified to compensate for the increasing pressure in the canister, with temperature-compensated pressure readings obtained to ensure a constant mass flow of air into the receiving canister despite pressure changes due to temperature fluctuations during the sampling period.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 1/22 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état gazeux
• G01N 1/24 - Dispositifs d'aspiration

Abrégé

A sampling system for collection of VOCs in air includes a canister and a valve configured to pulse open and closed for the constant introduction of an air sample into the canister over time. Throughout the duration of sampling, the time for which the valve is open for each pulse is modified to compensate for the increasing pressure in the canister, with temperature-compensated pressure readings obtained to ensure a constant mass flow of air into the receiving canister despite pressure changes due to temperature fluctuations during the sampling period.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 1/22 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état gazeux
• G01N 1/24 - Dispositifs d'aspiration
• G01N 7/00 - Analyse des matériaux en mesurant la pression ou le volume d'un gaz ou d'une vapeur
• G01N 33/00 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par des méthodes spécifiques non couvertes par les groupes

Abrégé

A hybrid trap including a replaceable open-tubular capillary trap followed by a packed trap is used to collect, preconcentrate, and recover a sample, such as VOCs and SVOCs found in air. The capillary stage prevents losses and carryover of the heavy fraction and can also collect the particles in air that contain the heavier SVOCs, also preventing them from reaching the packed stage. The packed stage traps lighter organic compounds that are not as prone to carryover due to channeling. The ionic species within the collected VOCs and SVOCs at the capillary trap can be converted to volatile compounds that allow gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 1/22 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état gazeux
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons
• G01N 30/00 - Recherche ou analyse de matériaux par séparation en constituants utilisant l'adsorption, l'absorption ou des phénomènes similaires ou utilisant l'échange d'ions, p. ex. la chromatographie
• G01N 30/16 - Injection
• G01N 30/60 - Préparation de la colonne
• G01N 30/88 - Systèmes intégrés d'analyse, spécialement adaptés à cet effet, non couverts par un seul des groupes

Abrégé

A diffusive sampling device is used for quantitative measurement of chemicals in indoor and outdoor air. The sampling device includes a vial containing a sorbent on the inside bottom of the vial. The sampling device can be thermally vacuum cleaned before transport to the sampling location, and the sorbent can be chosen to allow the collection of either volatile or semi-volatile compounds (VOCs or SVOCs). After a diffusive sampling period (1 hour to 1 month), the vial is closed, and the collected sample is transferred to a laboratory for analysis. Using a thermal vacuum extraction focusing technique, the collected sample is rapidly delivered to a GCMS-compatible preconcentration device including a second sorbent for either split or splitless injection into a capillary based GCMS. No solvents are used during sampler preparation or analysis, and detection limits needed for monitoring of ambient or indoor air can be achieved for thousands of chemicals.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons

Abrégé

A diffusive sampling device is used for quantitative measurement of chemicals in indoor and outdoor air. The sampling device includes a vial containing a sorbent on the inside bottom of the vial. The sampling device can be thermally vacuum cleaned before transport to the sampling location, and the sorbent can be chosen to allow the collection of either volatile or semi-volatile compounds (VOCs or SVOCs). After a diffusive sampling period (1 hour to 1 month), the vial is closed, and the collected sample is transferred to a laboratory for analysis. Using a thermal vacuum extraction focusing technique, the collected sample is rapidly delivered to a GCMS-compatible preconcentration device including a second sorbent for either split or splitless injection into a capillary based GCMS. No solvents are used during sampler preparation or analysis, and detection limits needed for monitoring of ambient or indoor air can be achieved for thousands of chemicals.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 1/22 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état gazeux
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons

Abrégé

A hybrid gas sampling device can combine the functionality of both whole air and sorbent based samplers. The sampling device can be used for collecting light to very heavy organic compounds, for subsequent thermal desorption into a GC or GCMS for quantitative measurement. The sampling device isolates collected samples of gas phase matrices in a sample vessel, provided with sorbent elements from a removable sample extraction device. The sampling device is operated by drawing a vacuum on the chamber through the sample extraction device after sampling, and then completing the extraction of the heavier organic compounds using a static, diffusive extraction under vacuum to allow optimal deposition of the heavier compounds on the sorbent. The vacuum container is cooled to draw any excess water back into the container, thereby dehydrating attached sorbent element(s) in preparation for thermal desorption into a GC or GCMS, eliminating interferences in the MS analyzer.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 33/497 - Analyse physique de matériau biologique de matériau biologique gazeux, p. ex. de l'haleine
• G01N 31/22 - Utilisation des réactifs chimiques
• G01N 33/00 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par des méthodes spécifiques non couvertes par les groupes

Abrégé

A hybrid gas sampling device (100) can combine the functionality of both whole air and sorbent based samplers. The sampling device can be used for collecting light to very heavy organic compounds, for subsequent thermal desorption into a GC or GCMS for quantitative measurement. The sampling device isolates collected samples of gas phase matrices in a sample vessel (132), provided with sorbent elements (202, 256a, 256b, 256c) from a removable sample extraction device (150). The sampling device is operated by drawing a vacuum on the chamber through the sample extraction device after sampling, and then completing the extraction of the heavier organic compounds using a static, diffusive extraction under vacuum to allow optimal deposition of the heavier compounds on the sorbent. The vacuum container is cooled to draw any excess water (450) back into the container, thereby dehydrating attached sorbent element(s) (202, 256a, 256b, 256c) in preparation for thermal desorption into a GC or GCMS, eliminating interferences in the MS analyzer.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 1/24 - Dispositifs d'aspiration
• G01N 1/22 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état gazeux
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons
• G01N 1/44 - Traitement d'échantillons mettant en œuvre un rayonnement, p. ex. de la chaleur
• G01N 33/497 - Analyse physique de matériau biologique de matériau biologique gazeux, p. ex. de l'haleine

Abrégé

Techniques disclosed herein can improve the extraction of chemicals prior to analysis by GC or GCMS. A liquid or solid sample can be placed in a sample container of a closed system under vacuum that further includes a sample extraction device. The assembly can be placed in a 3-zone heater that can separately control the temperature of the bottom of the sample container, the top of the sample container, and the sample extraction device. Vapor flux from the bottom of the sample container into the headspace of the sample container can deliver compounds of interest to the sample extraction device, whereas matrix compounds can re-condense in the headspace of the sample container to avoid delivery to the sample extraction device. Extraction can continue until substantial transfer of compounds of interest to the sorbent occurs, followed by thermal desorption of the extract into a GCMS for analysis.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/12 - Préparation par évaporation
• H01J 49/00 - Spectromètres pour particules ou tubes séparateurs de particules
• H01J 49/04 - Dispositions pour introduire ou extraire les échantillons devant être analysés, p. ex. fermetures étanches au videDispositions pour le réglage externe des composants électronoptiques ou ionoptiques
• G01N 30/72 - Spectromètres de masse
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons

Abrégé

Techniques disclosed herein can improve the extraction of chemicals prior to analysis by GC or GCMS. A liquid or solid sample can be placed in a sample container of a closed system under vacuum that further includes a sample extraction device. The assembly can be placed in a 3-zone heater that can separately control the temperature of the bottom of the sample container, the top of the sample container, and the sample extraction device. Vapor flux from the bottom of the sample container into the headspace of the sample container can deliver compounds of interest to the sample extraction device, whereas matrix compounds can re-condense in the headspace of the sample container to avoid delivery to the sample extraction device. Extraction can continue until substantial transfer of compounds of interest to the sorbent occurs, followed by thermal desorption of the extract into a GCMS for analysis.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 1/22 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état gazeux
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons
• G01N 1/44 - Traitement d'échantillons mettant en œuvre un rayonnement, p. ex. de la chaleur
• G01N 30/06 - Préparation

Abrégé

Techniques disclosed herein can be used to perform a rapid, splitless injection of a sample including SVOCs and VOCs. In some embodiments, a system includes two focusing traps combined in series, one inside of a GC oven and one in a separate oven to concentrate the SVOCs inside of the GC oven and concentrate the VOCs outside of the GC oven. Heating the VOC focusing trap and reversing the flow through both focusers allows splitless injection of compounds boiling from as low as -100 ⁰C to as high as 600 ⁰C in a single analysis, with a narrow injection bandwidth to optimize both sensitivity and the resolving power of the analyzer.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/16 - Injection
• G01N 30/06 - Préparation
• G01N 30/88 - Systèmes intégrés d'analyse, spécialement adaptés à cet effet, non couverts par un seul des groupes
• G01N 30/08 - Préparation par enrichissement
• G01N 30/20 - Injection utilisant une valve d'échantillonnage
• H01J 49/04 - Dispositions pour introduire ou extraire les échantillons devant être analysés, p. ex. fermetures étanches au videDispositions pour le réglage externe des composants électronoptiques ou ionoptiques
• G01N 30/12 - Préparation par évaporation

Abrégé

Techniques disclosed herein can be used to perform a rapid, splitless injection of a sample including SVOCs and VOCs. In some embodiments, a system includes two focusing traps combined in series, one inside of a GC oven and one in a separate oven to concentrate the SVOCs inside of the GC oven and concentrate the VOCs outside of the GC oven. Heating the VOC focusing trap and reversing the flow through both focusers allows splitless injection of compounds boiling from as low as −100° C. to as high as 600° C. in a single analysis, with a narrow injection bandwidth to optimize both sensitivity and the resolving power of the analyzer.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/14 - Préparation par élimination de certains composants
• G01N 30/12 - Préparation par évaporation
• G01N 30/02 - Chromatographie sur colonne

Abrégé

A flow controller for filling evacuated canisters can be operated at different reference pressures to produce substantially the same flow rates to facilitate inertness testing of the flow controller through demonstrated recovery of trace level chemicals in a challenge standard prior to using the flow controllers to collect air samples for measurement of VOCs during time weighted sampling events. The flow controller can include a first chamber and a second chamber divided by a diaphragm. The first chamber can be fluidly coupled to an inlet of the flow controller and an outlet of the flow controller. The second chamber can be coupled to a reference port of the flow controller. The outlet of the flow controller can be coupled to an initially (e.g., substantially) evacuated canister that can be used to collect a sample of ambient air or challenge standard (e.g., during testing).

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 33/00 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par des méthodes spécifiques non couvertes par les groupes
• G05D 7/01 - Commande de débits sans source d'énergie auxiliaire

Abrégé

A flow controller for filling evacuated canisters can be operated at different reference pressures to produce substantially the same flow rates to facilitate inertness testing of the flow controller through demonstrated recovery of trace level chemicals in a challenge standard prior to using the flow controllers to collect air samples for measurement of VOCs during time weighted sampling events. The flow controller can include a first chamber and a second chamber divided by a diaphragm. The first chamber can be fluidly coupled to an inlet of the flow controller and an outlet of the flow controller. The second chamber can be coupled to a reference port of the flow controller. The outlet of the flow controller can be coupled to an initially (e.g., substantially) evacuated canister that can be used to collect a sample of ambient air or challenge standard (e.g., during testing).

Classes IPC  ?

• G05D 7/01 - Commande de débits sans source d'énergie auxiliaire
• F17C 13/00 - Détails des récipients ou bien du remplissage ou du vidage des récipients
• G01F 25/00 - Test ou étalonnage des appareils pour la mesure du volume, du débit volumétrique ou du niveau des liquides, ou des appareils pour compter par volume
• G01N 1/00 - ÉchantillonnagePréparation des éprouvettes pour la recherche

Abrégé

Embodiments of the disclosure relate to chemical analysis systems, including autosampler systems. In some embodiments, an autosampler system can analyze gas phase samples using a single inlet for better consistency. The autosampler system can move the sample container closer to the sample introduction/preconcentration system prior to accessing the contents of the container to reduce exposure of the sample to reactive surfaces. The autosampler system is able to couple the sample containers to a sampling wand automatically, thereby eliminating the need to pre-attach each container using a gas transfer line. The autosampler system can be disposed on top of a chemical analysis system (e.g., a GC or GCMS), thereby conserving laboratory bench space. In some embodiments, the modules (e.g., sample trays, thermal conditioning systems, support legs) of the autosampler system can be coupled to the autosampler system using clamps that include magnetic codes associated with autocalibration information.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 35/00 - Analyse automatique non limitée à des procédés ou à des matériaux spécifiés dans un seul des groupes Manipulation de matériaux à cet effet
• G01N 30/24 - Systèmes automatiques d'injection
• G01N 35/10 - Dispositifs pour transférer les échantillons vers, dans ou à partir de l'appareil d'analyse, p. ex. dispositifs d'aspiration, dispositifs d'injection

Abrégé

Embodiments of the disclosure relate to chemical analysis systems, including autosampler systems. In some embodiments, an autosampler system can analyze gas phase samples using a single inlet for better consistency. The autosampler system can move the sample container closer to the sample introduction/preconcentration system prior to accessing the contents of the container to reduce exposure of the sample to reactive surfaces. The autosampler system is able to couple the sample containers to a sampling wand automatically, thereby eliminating the need to pre-attach each container using a gas transfer line. The autosampler system can be disposed on top of a chemical analysis system (e.g., a GC or GCMS), thereby conserving laboratory bench space. In some embodiments, the modules (e.g., sample trays, thermal conditioning systems, support legs) of the autosampler system can be coupled to the autosampler system using clamps that include magnetic codes associated with autocalibration information.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/24 - Systèmes automatiques d'injection
• G01N 30/18 - Injection utilisant un septum ou une microseringue

Abrégé

The disclosed system and method improve measurement of trace volatile chemicals, such as by Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). A first trapping system can include a plurality of capillary columns in series and a focusing column fluidly coupled to a first detector. The first trapping system can retain and separate compounds in a sample, including C3 hydrocarbons and compounds heavier than C3 hydrocarbons (e.g., up to C12 hydrocarbons, or compounds having a boiling point around 250 °C), and can transfer the compounds from the focusing column to the first detector. A second trapping system can receive compounds that the first trapping system does not retain, and can include a packed trap and two columns. The second trapping system can remove water from the sample and can separate and detect compounds including C2 hydrocarbons and Formaldehyde.

Classes IPC  ?

• B01D 15/12 - Adsorption sélective, p. ex. chromatographie caractérisée par des caractéristiques de structure ou de fonctionnement relatives à la préparation de l'alimentation
• B01D 15/18 - Adsorption sélective, p. ex. chromatographie caractérisée par des caractéristiques de structure ou de fonctionnement relatives aux différents types d'écoulement
• G01N 30/14 - Préparation par élimination de certains composants
• G01N 30/40 - Modèles d'écoulement inversant le sens de circulation
• G01N 30/46 - Modèles d'écoulement utilisant plus d'une colonne
• G01N 30/08 - Préparation par enrichissement

Abrégé

While sample extraction device including a sorbent is coupled to a sample vial containing a sample, a vacuum is drawn through the sample extraction device to evaporate the volatile matrix of the sample and carry volatilized target compounds of the sample to the sorbent. Optionally, once the volatile matrix is evaporated, the sample vial is heated and/or the vacuum level is increased to transfer heavier target compounds to the sorbent. Multiple sampling devices can be extracted in parallel. The sample extraction device can be inserted into a thermal desorption device that directly couples the sample extraction device to a gas chromatograph. In some embodiments, the sample is desorbed and analyzed using gas chromatography or another suitable technique. The techniques disclosed herein are used for analysis of volatile organic compounds and semi-volatile organic compounds in water, food, beverages, soils, and other matrices.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons
• G01N 1/22 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état gazeux
• G01N 30/12 - Préparation par évaporation
• G01N 30/08 - Préparation par enrichissement

Abrégé

While sample extraction device including a sorbent is coupled to a sample vial containing a sample, a vacuum is drawn through the sample extraction device to evaporate the volatile matrix of the sample and carry volatilized target compounds of the sample to the sorbent. Optionally, once the volatile matrix is evaporated, the sample vial is heated and/or the vacuum level is increased to transfer heavier target compounds to the sorbent. Multiple sampling devices can be extracted in parallel. The sample extraction device can be inserted into a thermal desorption device that directly couples the sample extraction device to a gas chromatograph. In some embodiments, the sample is desorbed and analyzed using gas chromatography or another suitable technique. The techniques disclosed herein are used for analysis of volatile organic compounds and semi-volatile organic compounds in water, food, beverages, soils, and other matrices.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/14 - Préparation par élimination de certains composants
• G01N 1/14 - Dispositifs d'aspiration, p. ex. pompesDispositifs d'éjection
• G01N 1/22 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état gazeux
• G01N 30/72 - Spectromètres de masse
• G01N 30/00 - Recherche ou analyse de matériaux par séparation en constituants utilisant l'adsorption, l'absorption ou des phénomènes similaires ou utilisant l'échange d'ions, p. ex. la chromatographie

Abrégé

Pressure-controlled splitting can be used to inject a chemical sample from an injection source to a detector (e.g., a mass spectrometer) for chemical analysis (e.g., gas chromatography or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) with reduced peak widths. For example, the sample is first transferred to a first compression volume; then pressure in the system is increased to compress the sample to split it between a second compression volume and a column. The fraction of the sample split to the column can have reduced peak widths compared to the peak widths prior to compression and splitting yet can maintain the same peak height to preserve high sensitivity for trace level analysis. This portion of the sample can traverse the column and elute to the detector for analysis with reduced chemical noise. Faster injection rates can allow faster analysis times, as less separation of chemicals is needed before the sample reaches the detector.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/72 - Spectromètres de masse
• G01N 30/20 - Injection utilisant une valve d'échantillonnage
• G01N 30/10 - Préparation utilisant un séparateur d'écoulement

Abrégé

Pressure-controlled splitting can be used to inject a chemical sample from an injection source to a detector (e.g., a mass spectrometer) for chemical analysis (e.g., gas chromatography or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) with reduced peak widths. For example, the sample is first transferred to a first compression volume; then pressure in the system is increased to compress the sample to split it between a second compression volume and a column. The fraction of the sample split to the column can have reduced peak widths compared to the peak widths prior to compression and splitting yet can maintain the same peak height to preserve high sensitivity for trace level analysis. This portion of the sample can traverse the column and elute to the detector for analysis with reduced chemical noise. Faster injection rates can allow faster analysis times, as less separation of chemicals is needed before the sample reaches the detector.

Classes IPC  ?

• B01D 15/14 - Adsorption sélective, p. ex. chromatographie caractérisée par des caractéristiques de structure ou de fonctionnement relatives à l'introduction de l'alimentation dans l'appareil
• B01D 15/18 - Adsorption sélective, p. ex. chromatographie caractérisée par des caractéristiques de structure ou de fonctionnement relatives aux différents types d'écoulement
• G01N 30/38 - Modèles d'écoulement
• G01N 30/32 - Contrôle des paramètres physiques du fluide vecteur de la pression ou de la vitesse
• G01N 30/16 - Injection

Abrégé

A hybrid trap including a replaceable open-tubular capillary trap followed by a packed trap is used to collect, preconcentrate, and recover a sample, such as VOCs and SVOCs found in air. The capillary stage prevents losses and carryover of the heavy fraction and can also collect the particles in air that contain the heavier SVOCs, also preventing them from reaching the packed stage. The packed stage traps lighter organic compounds that are not as prone to carryover due to channeling. The capillary and packed traps together provide quantitative recovery of compounds boiling from as low as −50° C. to as high as 600° C. The sample can be directly desorbed onto the GC column, which avoids losses and contamination caused by other approaches that thermally desorb samples through transfer lines and rotary valves more remote to the GC oven.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/38 - Modèles d'écoulement
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons
• G01N 30/54 - Température
• G01N 30/60 - Préparation de la colonne
• G01N 30/72 - Spectromètres de masse
• G01N 30/88 - Systèmes intégrés d'analyse, spécialement adaptés à cet effet, non couverts par un seul des groupes
• G01N 30/00 - Recherche ou analyse de matériaux par séparation en constituants utilisant l'adsorption, l'absorption ou des phénomènes similaires ou utilisant l'échange d'ions, p. ex. la chromatographie
• G01N 30/02 - Chromatographie sur colonne

Abrégé

A hybrid trap including a replaceable open-tubular capillary trap followed by a packed trap is used to collect, preconcentrate, and recover a sample, such as VOCs and SVOCs found in air. The capillary stage prevents losses and carryover of the heavy fraction and can also collect the particles in air that contain the heavier SVOCs, also preventing them from reaching the packed stage. The packed stage traps lighter organic compounds that are not as prone to carryover due to channeling. The capillary and packed traps together provide quantitative recovery of compounds boiling from as low as -50 ⁰C to as high as 600 ⁰C. The sample can be directly desorbed onto the GC column, which avoids losses and contamination caused by other approaches that thermally desorb samples through transfer lines and rotary valves more remote to the GC oven.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/08 - Préparation par enrichissement
• G01N 30/12 - Préparation par évaporation
• G01N 30/16 - Injection
• G01N 1/22 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état gazeux
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons
• G01N 30/24 - Systèmes automatiques d'injection

Abrégé

The disclosed system and method improve measurement of trace volatile chemicals, such as by Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). A first trapping system can include a plurality of capillary columns in series and a focusing column fluidly coupled to a first detector. The first trapping system can retain and separate compounds in a sample, including C3 hydrocarbons and compounds heavier than C3 hydrocarbons (e.g., up to C12 hydrocarbons, or compounds having a boiling point around 250° C.), and can transfer the compounds from the focusing column to the first detector. A second trapping system can receive compounds that the first trapping system does not retain, and can include a packed trap and two columns. The second trapping system can remove water from the sample and can separate and detect compounds including C2 hydrocarbons and Formaldehyde.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/46 - Modèles d'écoulement utilisant plus d'une colonne
• G01N 30/20 - Injection utilisant une valve d'échantillonnage
• G01N 30/10 - Préparation utilisant un séparateur d'écoulement
• G01N 30/60 - Préparation de la colonne
• G01N 30/02 - Chromatographie sur colonne

Abrégé

A sample collection device collects Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath in the outlet of a breathing assisted ventilator. The sample collection device is attached to the ventilator outlet line through a coupler containing either two check valves, or a check valve and a restrictive outlet flow path. During sampling, the exhaled air flows through a sorbent contained in the sample collection device as the ventilator pressure increases and decreases during the assisted breathing process. The flow of the exhaled air through the sample collection system is driven by the alternating pressure in the ventilator line without the need for an additional pump or power supply separate from the ventilator pump and power supply. The sample collection device can be used to monitor levels of bacteria-produced VOCs as an early detection of pneumonia and to allow feedback on the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment.

Classes IPC  ?

• A61B 5/097 - Dispositifs pour faciliter la collecte du gaz respiré ou pour le diriger vers ou à travers des dispositions de mesure
• A61M 16/20 - Valves spécialement adaptées aux dispositifs respiratoires médicaux
• A61M 16/08 - SouffletsTubes de connection
• A61M 16/00 - Dispositifs pour agir sur le système respiratoire des patients par un traitement au gaz, p. ex. ventilateursTubes trachéaux
• A61B 5/08 - Dispositifs de mesure pour examiner les organes respiratoires
• G01N 1/22 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état gazeux
• G01N 33/497 - Analyse physique de matériau biologique de matériau biologique gazeux, p. ex. de l'haleine
• A61B 10/00 - Instruments pour le prélèvement d'échantillons corporels à des fins de diagnostic Autres procédés ou instruments pour le diagnostic, p. ex. pour le diagnostic de vaccination ou la détermination du sexe ou de la période d'ovulationInstruments pour gratter la gorge

Abrégé

A sample collection device collects Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath in the outlet of a breathing assisted ventilator. The sample collection device is attached to the ventilator outlet line through a coupler containing either two check valves, or a check valve and a restrictive outlet flow path. During sampling, the exhaled air flows through a sorbent contained in the sample collection device as the ventilator pressure increases and decreases during the assisted breathing process. The flow of the exhaled air through the sample collection system is driven by the alternating pressure in the ventilator line without the need for an additional pump or power supply separate from the ventilator pump and power supply. The sample collection device can be used to monitor levels of bacteria-produced VOCs as an early detection of pneumonia and to allow feedback on the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment.

Classes IPC  ?

• A61B 5/097 - Dispositifs pour faciliter la collecte du gaz respiré ou pour le diriger vers ou à travers des dispositions de mesure

Abrégé

The disclosed system and method improve measurement of trace volatile chemicals, such as by Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography /Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). A first trapping system can include a plurality of capillary columns in series and a focusing column fluidly coupled to a first detector. The first trapping system can retain and separate compounds in a sample, including C3 hydrocarbons and compounds heavier than C3 hydrocarbons (e.g., up to C12 hydrocarbons, or compounds having a boiling point around 250 °C), and can transfer the compounds from the focusing column to the first detector. A second trapping system can receive compounds that the first trapping system does not retain, and can include a packed trap, a polar column and a PLOT column fluidly coupled to one or more second detectors. The second trapping system can remove water from the sample and can separate and detect compounds including C2 hydrocarbons and Formaldehyde.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/06 - Préparation
• G01N 30/08 - Préparation par enrichissement
• G01N 30/46 - Modèles d'écoulement utilisant plus d'une colonne
• G01N 30/88 - Systèmes intégrés d'analyse, spécialement adaptés à cet effet, non couverts par un seul des groupes
• G01N 30/40 - Modèles d'écoulement inversant le sens de circulation
• B01D 53/04 - Séparation de gaz ou de vapeursRécupération de vapeurs de solvants volatils dans les gazÉpuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p. ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par adsorption, p. ex. chromatographie préparatoire en phase gazeuse avec adsorbants fixes
• G01N 30/60 - Préparation de la colonne
• G01N 30/72 - Spectromètres de masse

Abrégé

The disclosed system and method improve measurement of trace volatile chemicals, such as by Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). A first trapping system can include a plurality of capillary columns in series and a focusing column fluidly coupled to a first detector. The first trapping system can retain and separate compounds in a sample, including C3 hydrocarbons and compounds heavier than C3 hydrocarbons (e.g., up to C12 hydrocarbons, or compounds having a boiling point around 250° C.), and can transfer the compounds from the focusing column to the first detector. A second trapping system can receive compounds that the first trapping system does not retain, and can include a packed trap, a polar column and a PLOT column fluidly coupled to one or more second detectors. The second trapping system can remove water from the sample and can separate and detect compounds including C2 hydrocarbons and Formaldehyde.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/08 - Préparation par enrichissement
• G01N 30/10 - Préparation utilisant un séparateur d'écoulement
• G01N 30/46 - Modèles d'écoulement utilisant plus d'une colonne
• G01N 30/40 - Modèles d'écoulement inversant le sens de circulation
• G01N 30/06 - Préparation
• G01N 30/88 - Systèmes intégrés d'analyse, spécialement adaptés à cet effet, non couverts par un seul des groupes
• G01N 30/02 - Chromatographie sur colonne
• G01N 30/72 - Spectromètres de masse
• G01N 30/60 - Préparation de la colonne

Abrégé

The disclosed system and method improve analysis of chemical samples for measurement of trace volatile chemicals, such as by Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). The system can include two traps in series, the first of which removes most of the unwanted water vapor, while the second trap preconcentrates the sample using a series of capillary columns of increasing adsorption strength. The sample can be backflushed from the second trap directly to a chemical analyzer without splitting which can maximize sensitivity. The system improves elimination of water vapor and fixed gases from the sample prior to analysis, resulting in detection limits as low as 0.001PPBb. The second trap allows faster release of the sample upon injection to the chemical analyzer without additional focusing, and can be cleaned up faster when exposed to high concentration samples relative to packed traps.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/40 - Modèles d'écoulement inversant le sens de circulation
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons
• G01N 30/46 - Modèles d'écoulement utilisant plus d'une colonne

Abrégé

The disclosed system and method improve analysis of chemical samples for measurement of trace volatile chemicals, such as by Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). The system can include two traps in series, the first of which removes most of the unwanted water vapor, while the second trap preconcentrates the sample using a series of capillary columns of increasing adsorption strength. The sample can be backflushed from the second trap directly to a chemical analyzer without splitting which can maximize sensitivity. The system improves elimination of water vapor and fixed gases from the sample prior to analysis, resulting in detection limits as low as 0.001 PPBb. The second trap allows faster release of the sample upon injection to the chemical analyzer without additional focusing, and can be cleaned up faster when exposed to high concentration samples relative to packed traps.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/72 - Spectromètres de masse
• G01N 33/00 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par des méthodes spécifiques non couvertes par les groupes
• G01N 30/46 - Modèles d'écoulement utilisant plus d'une colonne
• G01N 30/60 - Préparation de la colonne
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons
• G01N 30/02 - Chromatographie sur colonne
• G01N 30/12 - Préparation par évaporation
• G01N 30/40 - Modèles d'écoulement inversant le sens de circulation

Abrégé

The disclosed system and method concentrates and enriches a chemical sample while removing water and/or CO2 prior to analysis, improving detection limits and repeatability of quantitative chemical analysis without the need for cryogenic or sub-ambient cooling. The system can include a valve system, a dewpomt control zone, and a multi-capillary column trapping system (MCCTS). During a first time period, the valve system can couple the dewpoint control zone to the MCCTS. During a second time period, the valve system can couple the MCCTS to the chemical separation column such the dewpoint control zone is bypassed. Excess water included in the sample can condense in the dewpoint control zone as the sample transfers to the dewpoint control zone and MCCTS. When the sample is transferred from the MCCTS to the chemical separation column, the condensed water in the dewpoint control zone is not transferred to a chemical separation column.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/08 - Préparation par enrichissement
• G01N 30/20 - Injection utilisant une valve d'échantillonnage
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons
• G01N 30/60 - Préparation de la colonne
• G01N 30/14 - Préparation par élimination de certains composants
• G01N 30/46 - Modèles d'écoulement utilisant plus d'une colonne

Abrégé

The disclosed system and method concentrates and enriches a chemical sample while removing water and/or CO2 prior to analysis, improving detection limits and repeatability of quantitative chemical analysis without the need for cryogenic or sub-ambient cooling. The system can include a valve system, a dewpoint control zone, and a multi-capillary column trapping system (MCCTS). During a first time period, the valve system can couple the dewpoint control zone to the MCCTS. During a second time period, the valve system can couple the MCCTS to the chemical separation column such the dewpoint control zone is bypassed. Excess water included in the sample can condense in the dewpoint control zone as the sample transfers to the dewpoint control zone and MCCTS. When the sample is transferred from the MCCTS to the chemical separation column, the condensed water in the dewpoint control zone is not transferred to a chemical separation column.

Classes IPC  ?

• B01L 3/00 - Récipients ou ustensiles pour laboratoires, p. ex. verrerie de laboratoireCompte-gouttes
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons
• G01N 1/44 - Traitement d'échantillons mettant en œuvre un rayonnement, p. ex. de la chaleur
• G01N 30/12 - Préparation par évaporation
• G01N 30/14 - Préparation par élimination de certains composants
• G01N 30/46 - Modèles d'écoulement utilisant plus d'une colonne
• G01N 30/72 - Spectromètres de masse
• G01N 30/30 - Contrôle des paramètres physiques du fluide vecteur de la température
• G01N 30/20 - Injection utilisant une valve d'échantillonnage
• G01N 30/08 - Préparation par enrichissement
• G01N 30/60 - Préparation de la colonne
• G01N 1/22 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état gazeux

Abrégé

Trace Volatile and Semi-Volatile compounds within a sample can be extracted and concentrated on an sorbent in the headspace of a closed sample vial by alternating the temperature of the sample repeatedly from hot to cold. As the sample heats, mass transport can occur from the sample into the headspace that can increase the speed of ejection of one or more chemicals from the sample into the headspace where they can be collected on the sorbent, for example. In some examples, re-cooling and then re-heating the sample can allow faster transport to continue until significant transport has occurred of one or more target compounds from the sample to the adsorbent, leaving behind the non-volatile chemicals and most of the liquid matrix that would otherwise interfere with the chemical analysis device. The pulsed heating and cooling can be performed under vacuum to increase the speed of the extraction process.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons
• G01N 1/44 - Traitement d'échantillons mettant en œuvre un rayonnement, p. ex. de la chaleur
• G01N 1/22 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état gazeux
• B01L 7/00 - Appareils de chauffage ou de refroidissementDispositifs d'isolation thermique

Abrégé

A system to thermally desorb a sample into a multi-column GC or GC/MS system that can use both the desorption system and GC system for optimizing injection rates, matrix management (e.g., water elimination), optimizing recovery of a specific range of chemicals, and system cleanup is described. Reversing the flow through a first column (332) inside the GC can facilitate the elimination of excess, condensed water as well as heavy chemicals that could otherwise affect the operation and background of the GC. The elimination of flow through both the thermal desorber (320) and a first column (332) in the GC during sample preheat can accommodate the pre-expansion of the sample that could otherwise result in pre-release to the active carrier gas flow in other systems. Transfer lines and rotary valves can be avoided, improving system performance and longevity, with simple maintenance achieved by replacing a desorption liner (322) and the first GC column (332).

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/12 - Préparation par évaporation
• G01N 30/46 - Modèles d'écoulement utilisant plus d'une colonne

Abrégé

A system to thermally desorb a sample into a multi-column GC or GCMS system that can use both the desorption system and GC system for optimizing injection rates, matrix management (e.g., water elimination), optimizing recovery of a specific range of chemicals, and system cleanup is described. Reversing the flow through a first column inside the GC can facilitate the elimination of excess, condensed water as well as heavy chemicals that could otherwise affect the operation and background of the GC. The elimination of flow through both the thermal desorber and a first column in the GC during sample preheat can accommodate the pre-expansion of the sample that could otherwise result in pre-release to the active carrier gas flow in other systems. Transfer lines and rotary valves can be avoided, improving system performance and longevity, with simple maintenance achieved by replacing a desorption liner and the first GC column.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/54 - Température
• G01N 30/60 - Préparation de la colonne
• G01N 30/46 - Modèles d'écoulement utilisant plus d'une colonne
• G01N 30/12 - Préparation par évaporation
• G01N 30/72 - Spectromètres de masse
• G01N 30/02 - Chromatographie sur colonne

Abrégé

The disclosure is related to preparing a sample for chemical analysis by evaporating at least a portion of solvent included in the sample. After depositing the sample into a sample container, in some examples, at l east a portion of the solvent can be evaporated. Solvent evaporation can be achieved at room temperature, at an elevated temperature, at atmospheric pressure, or by drawing a vacuum in the sample container, for example. The one or more compounds of interest can pass through a sample delivery port on the sample container into the chemical analysis device for analysis, for example. Preliminary reduction or elimination of the solvent can increase the overall amount of compounds of interest delivered into the chemical analysis device, for example, in some examples, when extra sensitivity may not be needed, less solvent can be used, which can result in a greener analytical technique that is better for the environment.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/12 - Préparation par évaporation
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons
• G01N 30/72 - Spectromètres de masse
• G01N 30/60 - Préparation de la colonne
• G01N 1/10 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état liquide ou fluide

Abrégé

A sample extraction device and a desorption device for use in gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), liquid chromatography (LC), and/or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) are disclosed. In some examples, the sample extraction device includes a lower chamber holding a sorbent. The sample extraction device can extract sample headspace gas from a sample vial by placing the sorbent inside the vial and creating a vacuum to increase recovery of low volatility compounds, for example. Once the sample has been collected, the sample extraction device can be inserted into a desorption device. The desorption device can control the flow of a carrier fluid (e.g., a liquid or a gas) through the sorbent containing the sample and into a pre-column and/or a primary column of a chemical analysis device for performing GC, GCMS, LC, LCMS, and/or some other chemical analysis process.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/06 - Préparation
• G01N 1/10 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état liquide ou fluide
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons
• G01N 30/00 - Recherche ou analyse de matériaux par séparation en constituants utilisant l'adsorption, l'absorption ou des phénomènes similaires ou utilisant l'échange d'ions, p. ex. la chromatographie
• G01N 33/487 - Analyse physique de matériau biologique de matériau biologique liquide
• G01N 33/497 - Analyse physique de matériau biologique de matériau biologique gazeux, p. ex. de l'haleine
• G01N 30/88 - Systèmes intégrés d'analyse, spécialement adaptés à cet effet, non couverts par un seul des groupes

Abrégé

A sample extraction device and a desorption device for use in gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), liquid chromatography (LC), and/or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) are disclosed. In some examples, the sample extraction device includes a lower chamber holding a sorbent. The sample extraction device can extract sample headspace gas from a sample vial by placing the sorbent inside the vial and creating a vacuum to increase recovery of low volatility compounds, for example. Once the sample has been collected, the sample extraction device can be inserted into a desorption device. The desorption device can control the flow of a carrier fluid (e.g., a liquid or a gas) through the sorbent containing the sample and into a pre-column and/or a primary column of a chemical analysis device for performing GC, GCMS, LC, LCMS, and/or some other chemical analysis process.

Classes IPC  ?

• A61B 10/00 - Instruments pour le prélèvement d'échantillons corporels à des fins de diagnostic Autres procédés ou instruments pour le diagnostic, p. ex. pour le diagnostic de vaccination ou la détermination du sexe ou de la période d'ovulationInstruments pour gratter la gorge
• G01N 33/497 - Analyse physique de matériau biologique de matériau biologique gazeux, p. ex. de l'haleine
• G01N 33/487 - Analyse physique de matériau biologique de matériau biologique liquide
• G01N 30/06 - Préparation
• G01N 1/20 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état liquide ou fluide pour matériau coulant ou s'éboulant
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons
• G01N 1/22 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état gazeux
• G01N 30/00 - Recherche ou analyse de matériaux par séparation en constituants utilisant l'adsorption, l'absorption ou des phénomènes similaires ou utilisant l'échange d'ions, p. ex. la chromatographie

Abrégé

A multi-capillary column pre-concentration trap (300) for use in various chromatography techniques (e.g., gas chromatography (GC) or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS)) is disclosed. The trap (300) includes a first trap (204) comprising a plurality of capillary columns (208A, 208B, 208C) connected in series in order of increasing strength (i.e., increasing chemical affinity for one or more sample compounds). A sample enters the trap (204), flowing from a sample vial (202) to a relatively weak column (208A) to the relatively strongest column (208C) of the trap by way of any additional columns (208B) included in the trap, for example. The trap is backflushed so that the sample exits the trap through the head of the relatively weak column. The trap may further be heated to aid in the desorption of the sample. Next, the sample can be injected into a chemical analysis device (206) for performing the chromatography technique (e.g., GC or GCMS) or it can be injected into a second trap (304) for further concentration.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/12 - Préparation par évaporation
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons
• G01N 30/40 - Modèles d'écoulement inversant le sens de circulation
• G01N 30/60 - Préparation de la colonne
• G01N 30/46 - Modèles d'écoulement utilisant plus d'une colonne

Abrégé

A multi-capillary column pre-concentration trap for use in various chromatography techniques (e.g., gas chromatography (GC) or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS)) is disclosed. In some examples, the trap can include a plurality of capillary columns connected in series in order of increasing strength (i.e., increasing chemical affinity for one or more sample compounds). A sample can enter the trap, flowing from a sample vial to a relatively weak column to the relatively strongest column of the trap by way of any additional columns included in the trap, for example. In some examples, the trap can be heated and backflushed so that the sample exits the trap through the head of the relatively weak column. Next, the sample can be injected into a chemical analysis device for performing the chromatography technique (e.g., GC or GCMS) or it can be injected into a secondary multi-capillary column trap for further concentration.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/14 - Préparation par élimination de certains composants
• G01N 30/12 - Préparation par évaporation
• B01L 3/00 - Récipients ou ustensiles pour laboratoires, p. ex. verrerie de laboratoireCompte-gouttes
• G01N 1/40 - Concentration des échantillons
• G01N 1/44 - Traitement d'échantillons mettant en œuvre un rayonnement, p. ex. de la chaleur
• G01N 30/30 - Contrôle des paramètres physiques du fluide vecteur de la température
• G01N 30/46 - Modèles d'écoulement utilisant plus d'une colonne
• G01N 30/72 - Spectromètres de masse
• G01N 30/60 - Préparation de la colonne
• G01N 30/40 - Modèles d'écoulement inversant le sens de circulation

Abrégé

A sample extraction device and a desorption device for use in gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), liquid chromatography (LC), and/or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) are disclosed. In some examples, the sample extraction device includes a lower chamber holding a sorbent. The sample extraction device can extract sample headspace gas from a sample vial by placing the sorbent inside the vial and creating a vacuum to increase recovery of low volatility compounds, for example. Once the sample has been collected, the sample extraction device can be inserted into a desorption device. The desorption device can control the flow of a carrier fluid (e.g., a liquid or a gas) through the sorbent containing the sample and into a pre-column and/or a primary column of a chemical analysis device for performing GC, GCMS, LC, LCMS, and/or some other chemical analysis process.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 1/20 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état liquide ou fluide pour matériau coulant ou s'éboulant
• G01N 30/14 - Préparation par élimination de certains composants
• G01N 30/06 - Préparation
• G01N 1/22 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état gazeux
• G01N 30/72 - Spectromètres de masse
• G01N 30/02 - Chromatographie sur colonne
• G01N 30/00 - Recherche ou analyse de matériaux par séparation en constituants utilisant l'adsorption, l'absorption ou des phénomènes similaires ou utilisant l'échange d'ions, p. ex. la chromatographie

Abrégé

A sample extraction device (100, 200,210) and a desorption device for use in gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), liquid chromatography (LC), and/or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) are disclosed. The sample extraction device includes a lower chamber (220) holding a sorbent (202). The sample extraction device can extract sample headspace gas from a sample vial by placing the sorbent inside the vial and creating a vacuum to increase recovery of low volatility compounds, for example. Once the sample has been collected, the sample extraction device can be inserted into a desorption device. The desorption device can control the flow of a carrier fluid (e.g.,a liquid or a gas) through the sorbent containing the sample and into a pre-column and/or a primary column of a chemical analysis device for performing GC, GCMS, LC, LCMS, and/or some other chemical analysis process.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 30/06 - Préparation
• G01N 1/22 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état gazeux
• G01N 30/00 - Recherche ou analyse de matériaux par séparation en constituants utilisant l'adsorption, l'absorption ou des phénomènes similaires ou utilisant l'échange d'ions, p. ex. la chromatographie