Disclosed herein is a passive vapor intrusion measurement device including a barrier layer having first and second major sides; an absorbent stack disposed on a first portion of the surface of the barrier layer first major side, the absorbent stack including a first absorbent layer, an optional second absorbent layer; and spacer layer(s) disposed between the first and second (if present) absorbent layer and the barrier layer; and an adhesive disposed on a second portion of the surface of the barrier layer first major side and transversely surrounding the absorbent stack. The device is applied to a substrate in need of vapor intrusion sampling. A method of vapor intrusion analysis includes individually collecting the first and second (if present) absorbent layers after a test period; analyzing the amount of an analyte the absorbent layer(s); and subtracting the amount of the analyte in the second absorbent layer (if present) from the amount of the analyte in the first absorbent layer.
Disclosed herein is a passive vapor intrusion measurement device including a barrier layer having first and second major sides; an absorbent stack disposed on a first portion of the surface of the barrier layer first major side, the absorbent stack including a first absorbent layer, an optional second absorbent layer; and spacer layer(s) disposed between the first and second (if present) absorbent layer and the barrier layer; and an adhesive disposed on a second portion of the surface of the barrier layer first major side and transversely surrounding the absorbent stack. The device is applied to a substrate in need of vapor intrusion sampling. A method of vapor intrusion analysis includes individually collecting the first and second (if present) absorbent layers after a test period; analyzing the amount of an analyte the absorbent layer(s); and subtracting the amount of the analyte in the second absorbent layer (if present) from the amount of the analyte in the first absorbent layer.
Disclosed herein is a passive vapor intrusion measurement device including a barrier layer having first and second major sides; an absorbent stack disposed on a first portion of the surface of the barrier layer first major side, the absorbent stack including a first absorbent layer, an optional second absorbent layer; and spacer layer(s) disposed between the first and second (if present) absorbent layer and the barrier layer; and an adhesive disposed on a second portion of the surface of the barrier layer first major side and transversely surrounding the absorbent stack. The device is applied to a substrate in need of vapor intrusion sampling. A method of vapor intrusion analysis includes individually collecting the first and second (if present) absorbent layers after a test period; analyzing the amount of an analyte the absorbent layer(s); and subtracting the amount of the analyte in the second absorbent layer (if present) from the amount of the analyte in the first absorbent layer.
Disclosed herein is an insert device for semi-dynamic leach testing, the insert device including a support and an absorptive polymer disposed on the support, the insert device characterized by a sheet-like form having a first and second major side. The device is useful in testing of both radial and unidirectional leaching of organic compounds into water from solid samples.
G01N 21/75 - Systèmes dans lesquels le matériau est soumis à une réaction chimique, le progrès ou le résultat de la réaction étant analysé
G01N 13/00 - Recherche des effets de surface ou de couche limite, p. ex. pouvoir mouillantRecherche des effets de diffusionAnalyse des matériaux en déterminant les effets superficiels, limites ou de diffusion
Methods and systems for utilizing biological wastewater treatment processes to remove nutrients from wastewater containing reduced sulfide compounds may include treating the wastewater in an anaerobic zone, an anoxic zone, and an aerobic zone. The wastewater is first treated in the anaerobic zone to uptake residual biodegradable organic material using specialized bacteria known as phosphorus accumulating organisms (“PAOs”) and glycogen accumulating organisms (“GAOs”). After treatment in the anaerobic zone, the wastewater is treated in an anoxic zone to convert nitrates to nitrogen gas and sulfur to sulfates. Following treatment in the anoxic zone, the wastewater is treated in the aerobic zone to oxidize ammonia to nitrate and to complete removal of phosphorus. After treatment in the aerobic zone, the wastewater may be treated in other zones, or may be delivered to a liquid-solids treatment stage.
Methods and apparatuses are disclosed for measuring and controlling liquid levels in a well. The apparatus may include a plurality of sensors, the plurality of sensors comprising: a first sensor coupled to the well, the first sensor configured to measure a casing pressure, a second sensor coupled to the well, the second sensor configured to measure a tubing pressure, and a third sensor coupled to a motor that is further coupled to the well, the third sensor configured to measure at least one characteristic of the motor, and a processor coupled to the plurality of sensors, wherein the processor calculates a level of liquid in the well based upon measurements of at least two of the plurality of sensors.
A method for treating flue gas may include adding iron to a slurry in a ratio between approximately 20-to-1 and 5000-to-1 by weight of iron to a weight of mercury, selenium or other heavy metal to be removed from the flue gas, and contacting the slurry with the flue gas in a flue gas desulfurization system. A system for treating flue gas may include a scrubber, a slurry tank, and a water source. Water and limestone may be combined in the slurry tank to form a limestone slurry. At least a portion of the limestone slurry may be used to treat flue gas in the scrubber. Iron may be added to at least a portion of the limestone slurry used to treat flue gas in the scrubber. The iron used in either the method or system may be a ferrous or ferric salt, or elemental iron.
A method of determining usable area of a structure for solar energy production may include obtaining a three-dimensional model of a structure and obstructions associated therewith, and performing a shading analysis using the obtained three-dimensional model to obtain a usable area of the structure. A method of providing solar information for a structure using a Web portal may include providing an interactive map, receiving a user selection of a structure located on the interactive map, and providing solar information for the selected structure, wherein the solar information is based at least in part on a usable area obtained by performing a shading analysis using a three-dimensional model of the structure and obstructions associated therewith. A system for providing an interactive Web portal may include a database including solar information regarding a structure, and a server configured to access the database to retrieve the solar information and provide the Web portal.
A method for reducing the odors of an anaerobically digested dewatered biosolids or other biosolids or sludge may include separating first anaerobically digested dewatered biosolids into first and second portions, storing second anaerobically digested dewatered biosolids, removing a portion of the second biosolids, and mixing the removed second biosolids portion with the first portion of the first biosolids. The method may be implemented in a system including a separation device, first, second and third transporters, a storage area, and a mixer. The separation device may separate the first biosolids into first and second portions. The first transporter may transport the first portion to the mixer. The second transporter may transport the second portion to the storage area. The storage area may store the second portion for a select time period. The third transporter may transport a portion of the stored first biosolids to the mixer for blending.
A water or wastewater treatment system to reduce phosphorous or other pollutant concentrations in water or wastewater may include an optional primary treatment stage in fluid communication with a biological secondary treatment stage. The secondary treatment stage may, in turn, be fluidly connected with a tertiary treatment stage, which may include a chemical treatment portion for reducing phosphorous or other pollutants to desired levels. The precipitated phosphorous and other solids or sludge produced from the chemical treatment portion may be recycled upstream for reuse in the primary, secondary, and/or tertiary treatment stages. Such recycle may reduce the amount of added chemicals required in the tertiary treatment stage to phosphorous or other pollutants to desired amounts.
C02F 1/68 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par addition de substances spécifiées, pour améliorer l'eau potable, p. ex. par addition d'oligo-éléments
C02F 3/00 - Traitement biologique de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout
11.
WIRELESS AUTOMATION SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES FOR WELLS
This system connects groups of end-devices at two or more automated oil or gas production wellheads or groups of end-devices at two or more associated wellhead facilities so that such associated end devices may be wirelessly monitored and measured during wellhead production, and then wirelessly controlled by one or more master remote terminal/telemetry unit MRTU. Each MRTU is in turn in communication with and controlled by a host computer system. Such measurement and control of the end devices is accomplished through slave remote terminal/telemetry units SRTUs which are connected to and capable of communications with associated end-devices. Each SRTU is in turn connected to one or more local area network LAN communication system, each of which LAN is in turn connected, by hard wire or wirelessly, to a wide area network WAN transmitter. Each WAN is in wireless communication with a host computer.
G08C 19/10 - Systèmes de transmission de signaux électriques dans lesquels le signal transmis est l'amplitude d'un courant ou d'une tension utilisant une capacité variable
12.
TREATMENT OF PARTICULATE BIODEGRADABLE ORGANIC WASTE BY THERMAL HYDROLYSIS USING CONDENSATE RECYCLE
A method of treating particulate biodegradable organic waste by thermal hydrolysis. The method includes subjecting a quantity of the particulate biodegradable waste to thermal hydrolysis at a temperature above about 130°C and a pressure at or above the saturated water vapor pressure to produce a slurry. The slurry will include solubilized organic material and unhydrolyzed residual solids. The method further includes decreasing the pressure at which the slurry is maintained. Typically, the step of decreasing slurry pressure will occur in a flash tank, which allows the separation of an organic acid-rich steam from other hydrolysis products. The method further includes capturing the steam or other condensable gases released when pressure is decreased and condensing the steam or other condensable gases into a condensate. The captured condensate may then be added to a quantity of particulate biodegradable waste prior to thermal hydrolysis.
A method for treating water includes removing a supersaturated sparingly soluble salt via a self-sustaining de-supersaturation process in which the supersaturated water is contacted with a nucleation material that is reused in the process. Supersaturated reject water from reverse osmosis systems may be de-supersaturated, reducing scale formation on downstream water treatment systems and pipelines. The method may be used for treatment of sulfate-contaminated groundwater, and groundwater contaminated via mining and processing of sulfide ores, and in other applications.
The present disclosure describes solid waste forms and methods of processing waste. In one particular implementation, the invention provides a method of processing waste that may be particularly suitable for processing hazardous waste. In this method, a waste component is combined with an aluminum oxide and an acidic phosphate component in a slurry. A molar ratio of aluminum to phosphorus in the slurry is greater than one. Water in the slurry may be evaporated while mixing the slurry at a temperature of about 140-200° C. The mixed slurry may be allowed to cure into a solid waste form. This solid waste form includes an anhydrous aluminum phosphate with at least a residual portion of the waste component bound therein.
C04B 28/34 - Compositions pour mortiers, béton ou pierre artificielle, contenant des liants inorganiques ou contenant le produit de réaction d'un liant inorganique et d'un liant organique, p. ex. contenant des ciments de polycarboxylates contenant des liants phosphate froids
C04B 35/00 - Produits céramiques mis en forme, caractérisés par leur compositionCompositions céramiquesTraitement de poudres de composés inorganiques préalablement à la fabrication de produits céramiques
C04B 22/16 - Acides ou leurs sels comportant du phosphore dans la partie anionique, p. ex. phosphates
C04B 35/63 - Préparation ou traitement des poudres individuellement ou par fournées utilisant des additifs spécialement adaptés à la formation des produits
In methods for treatment of in ground chromium ore processing residue contamination, ferrous sulfide is provided as a substantially insoluble material in the residue deposit. The ferrous sulfide accordingly may remain substantially in place, in the pores of the soil or residue, even over long periods of time, regardless of underground water movement or diffusion. As a result, the ferrous sulfide may act continuously to chemically reduce and remove contamination. As hexavalent chromium diffuses from the soil or residue, it is reduced by the ferrous sulfide. The ferrous sulfide may be placed into the underground deposit by injecting a ferrous salt solution into the deposit, waiting for a precipitation to elapse, and then injecting a sulfide solution into the deposit.
In systems and methods for treatment of underground contamination, ferrous sulfide is provided as a substantially insoluble material in an underground formation. The ferrous sulfide accordingly may remain substantially in place, even over long periods of time, regardless of underground water movement or diffusion. As a result, the ferrous sulfide may act continuously to chemically reduce and remove contamination. When used for treatment of chromium ore processing residue contamination, the ferrous sulfide may remain in the pores of the soil or residue. As hexavalent chromium diffuses from the soil or residue, it is reduced by the ferrous sulfide. The ferrous sulfide may be injected as a liquid into the underground formation, and then change to a more solid form. Chlorinated solvent contamination, dissolved chromium from other than COPR contamination, and other dissolved metals may also be treated.
A method of stabilizing a waste in a chemically bonded phosphate ceramic (CBPC). The method consists of preparing a slurry including the waste, water, an oxide binder, and a phosphate binder. The slurry is then allowed to cure to a solid, hydrated CBPC matrix. Next, bound water within the solid, hydrated CBPC matrix is removed. Typically, the bound water is removed by applying heat to the cured CBPC matrix. Preferably, the quantity of heat applied to the cured CBPC matrix is sufficient to drive off water bound within the hydrated CBPC matrix, but not to volatalize other non-water components of the matrix, such as metals and radioactive components. Typically, a temperature range of between 100° C.-200° C. will be sufficient. In another embodiment of the invention wherein the waste and water have been mixed prior to the preparation of the slurry, a select amount of water may be evaporated from the waste and water mixture prior to preparation of the slurry. Another aspect of the invention is a direct anyhydrous CBPC fabrication method wherein water is removed from the slurry by heating and mixing the slurry while allowing the slurry to cure. Additional aspects of the invention are ceramic matrix waste forms prepared by the methods disclosed above.
A62D 3/00 - Procédés pour rendre les substances chimiques nuisibles inoffensives ou moins nuisibles en effectuant un changement chimique dans les substances
B09B 1/00 - Mise à la décharge des déchets solides
This disclosure describes wastewater treatment systems and methods of treating wastewater. In one exemplary method, a wastewater is split into first and second wastewater fractions. The first fraction is delivered to a membrane bioreactor, which may produce an effluent with a low pollutant concentration, and the second fraction is delivered to a biological wastewater treatment system, which may yield a higher pollution concentration yet have a shorter solids retention time. Some implementations of the invention can routinely meet or even exceed pollution discharge standards quite economically during normal operation, yet retain significant flexibility for handling seasonal or sudden variations in the flow rate of wastewater into the system. In select adaptations, waste activated sludge containing heterotrophs, autotrophs, and (optionally) polyphosphate accumulating organisms is delivered from the membrane bioreactor to the biological wastewater treatment system.
09 - Appareils et instruments scientifiques et électriques
Produits et services
Computer software for modeling, simulating, designing, planning, and optimizing water systems, namely, water supply, stormwater, water treatment and distribution, and wastewater collection, treatment, and reuse systems
A method of biodegrading municipal solid waste includes providing a quantity of municipal solid waste and promoting anaerobic digestion in the quantity of municipal solid waste by methanogenic organisms to produce methane. The methane production is monitored and when it is determined that production of methane from the quantity of municipal solid waste has subsided, aerobic digestion of the quantity of municipal solid waste is promoted. A gas collection system in operative association with the quantity of organic waste collects biogas and the biogas is monitored and the rate of gas collection is adjusted as necessary to maximize methane collection. A leachate collection system collects leachate from the quantity of municipal solid waste and circulates the leachate back to the quantity of organic waste during the anaerobic digestion and aerobic digestion steps. The leachate is preferably supplemented with liquid as necessary to maintain the moisture content of the quantity of municipal solid waste at at least the field capacity of the municipal solid waste. The leachate collection and distribution system may further be used for balancing pH or varying the nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chlorine, sulfur, iron, copper, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, nickel or vanadium content of the municipal solid waste during biodegradation. A porous pavement layer may be constructed over the leachate collection system to protect the leachate collection system and bottom lining during operation and excavation of the wastes.
