A method and a system for transmission of optical signals. The system includes one or more first switching optical devices configured to switch transmission of one or more optical signals from one or more first fiber cores to one or more second fiber cores. It includes one or more second switching optical devices configured to pass-through transmission of one or more optical signals from one or more first fiber cores to one or more third fiber cores.
A system and a method for monitoring an optical transmission path in an optical transmission system. The optical transmission system includes a sensing and interrogation unit and a plurality of sensing units positioned on the optical transmission path. An optical signal is transmitted to the plurality of sensing units for determining a status of one or more portions of an optical communication path. A plurality of reflected signals responsive to the optical signal are received. The plurality of reflected signals are transformed in at least one of: the frequency domain and the time domain. The status of one or more portions is determined using the transformed plurality of reflected signals.
G01H 9/00 - Mesure des vibrations mécaniques ou des ondes ultrasonores, sonores ou infrasonores en utilisant des moyens sensibles aux radiations, p. ex. des moyens optiques
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c.-à-d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
H04B 10/071 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal réfléchi, p. ex. utilisant des réflectomètres optiques temporels [OTDR]
3.
LINE MONITORING SYSTEM HAVING FREQUENCY MODULATION FOR NOISE REDUCTION
A sensing system. The sensing system may include a transmitter to launch an outbound optical signal, a clock to generate a clock signal, and a chirp subcarrier coupled to the clock and configured to generate a chirp. The sensing system may further include a code generator coupled to the clock and configured to generate a code; and an intensity modulator, arranged to modulate the outbound optical signal and coupled to receive an intensity modulator signal that is derived at least in part from the code generator.
H04B 10/071 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal réfléchi, p. ex. utilisant des réflectomètres optiques temporels [OTDR]
H04B 10/035 - Dispositions pour le rétablissement de communication après défaillance utilisant des boucles de retour
H04B 10/25 - Dispositions spécifiques à la transmission par fibres
H04J 14/02 - Systèmes multiplex à division de longueur d'onde
4.
LINE MONITORING SYSTEM HAVING FREQUENCY MODULATION FOR NOISE REDUCTION
A sensing system. The sensing system may include a transmitter to launch an outbound optical signal, a clock to generate a clock signal, and a chirp subcarrier coupled to the clock and configured to generate a chirp. The sensing system may further include a code generator coupled to the clock and configured to generate a code; and an intensity modulator, arranged to modulate the outbound optical signal and coupled to receive an intensity modulator signal that is derived at least in part from the code generator.
Disclosed is a cable with multimetallic conductor structure. In some embodiments, a method of forming an optical cable may include providing a buffer tube around a plurality of optical fibers, providing a plurality of layered strength members around the buffer tube, and forming a conductive conduit around the plurality of layered strength members. The conductive conduit may include a multimetallic strip of a first metal layer and a second metal layer and, if beneficial, further layers, wherein forming the conductive conduit comprises bending the multimetallic strip from a flat configuration to a cylindrical configuration, and/or applying a metal layer via an electrolytic or hot dip process. The method may further include forming an outer insulating jacket surrounding the conductive conduit.
Disclosed is a cable with multimetallic conductor structure. In some embodiments, a method of forming an optical cable may include providing a buffer tube around a plurality of optical fibers, providing a plurality of layered strength members around the buffer tube, and forming a conductive conduit around the plurality of layered strength members. The conductive conduit may include a multimetallic strip of a first metal layer and a second metal layer and, if beneficial, further layers, wherein forming the conductive conduit comprises bending the multimetallic strip from a flat configuration to a cylindrical configuration, and/or applying a metal layer via an electrolytic or hot dip process. The method may further include forming an outer insulating jacket surrounding the conductive conduit.
An optical communication system and a method. The system includes a distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) interrogation unit. The DAS interrogation unit is configured to generate one or more optical signals for determining a status of one or more portions of an optical communication path, modulate one or more optical signals using one or more measurement pulses and generate one or more modulated optical signals, and transmit one or more modulated optical signals to the one or more portions of the optical communication path. The status of one or more portions of the optical communication path is determined based on one or more reflected signals reflected by one or more portions of the optical communication path in response to one or more modulated optical signals.
H04B 10/071 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal réfléchi, p. ex. utilisant des réflectomètres optiques temporels [OTDR]
8.
INTERROGATOR UNIT FOR MULTI-SPAN DISTRIBUTED ACOUSTIC SENSING
An optical communication system and a method. The system includes a distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) interrogation unit. The DAS interrogation unit is configured to generate one or more optical signals for determining a status of one or more portions of an optical communication path, modulate one or more optical signals using one or more measurement pulses and generate one or more modulated optical signals, and transmit one or more modulated optical signals to the one or more portions of the optical communication path. The status of one or more portions of the optical communication path is determined based on one or more reflected signals reflected by one or more portions of the optical communication path in response to one or more modulated optical signals.
G02F 1/01 - Dispositifs ou dispositions pour la commande de l'intensité, de la couleur, de la phase, de la polarisation ou de la direction de la lumière arrivant d'une source lumineuse indépendante, p. ex. commutation, ouverture de porte ou modulationOptique non linéaire pour la commande de l'intensité, de la phase, de la polarisation ou de la couleur
G02F 1/11 - Dispositifs ou dispositions pour la commande de l'intensité, de la couleur, de la phase, de la polarisation ou de la direction de la lumière arrivant d'une source lumineuse indépendante, p. ex. commutation, ouverture de porte ou modulationOptique non linéaire pour la commande de l'intensité, de la phase, de la polarisation ou de la couleur basés sur des éléments acousto-optiques, p. ex. en utilisant la diffraction variable par des ondes sonores ou des vibrations mécaniques analogues
H04B 10/516 - Détails du codage ou de la modulation
9.
BIDIRECTIONAL LOOPBACK AMPLIFIER FOR OPTICAL SENSING APPLICATIONS
An apparatus and a method for transmission of optical signals. The apparatus includes a bidirectional amplification device communicatively coupled between a first communication terminal and a second communication terminal. The first and second communication terminals are communicatively coupled using an optical communication link. The bidirectional amplification device is configured to transmit and amplify one or more optical sensing signals transmitted in either direction between the first communication terminal and the second communication terminal. The optical sensing signals indicate a status of one or more portions of the optical communication link.
H04B 10/073 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal hors service
G01M 11/00 - Test des appareils optiquesTest des structures ou des ouvrages par des méthodes optiques, non prévu ailleurs
A fiber amplifier assembly may include an input fiber end, and an output fiber end, opposite to the input fiber end. The fiber amplifier assembly may further include a plurality of optical fiber segments, comprising at least one doped optical fiber segment, and arranged in a linear assembly, the plurality of optical fiber segments being mutually arranged to define an optical path between the input fiber end and the output fiber end. The fiber amplifier assembly may also include a reflector assembly, comprising a first set of reflectors arranged at the input fiber end, and a second set of reflectors, arranged at the output fiber end, wherein the first set of reflectors and second set of reflectors together with the plurality of optical fiber segments conduct a light signal traveling through the optical path between a pair of optical fibers.
Disclosed are undersea cables having a high fiber count and low electrical resistance. In some embodiments, an optical cable includes a hollow buffer tube having a plurality of optical fibers therein, wherein the hollow buffer tube includes inner and outer buffer surfaces, and wherein the outer buffer surface of the hollow buffer tube defines an outer diameter. The optical cable may further include a first plurality of layered strength members surrounding the hollow buffer tube, and a conductor surrounding the first plurality of layered strength members. The optical cable may further include an outer jacket surrounding the conductor, wherein the outer jacket includes inner and outer jacket surfaces, wherein the outer jacket defines an outer diameter of the outer jacket, and wherein the outer diameter of the outer jacket is equal to or less than five times the outer diameter of the hollow buffer tube.
An optical pump unit may include a line voltage transistor, coupled between an input side and an output side of the optical pump unit. The optical pump may further include a DC-to-DC converter, having an input side coupled to the line voltage transistor; an optical pump assembly, coupled to an output side of the DC-to-DC converter; a current control assembly, coupled to the optical pump assembly; a throttle back control assembly, having an output coupled to the current control assembly, and a current/voltage sensor, to monitor a line current and voltage drop in the optical repeater, and being coupled to an input of the throttle back control assembly. As such, the throttle back control assembly may be configured to send a signal to the current control assembly to reduce a power at the optical pump assembly when a decrease in line current or voltage drop takes place.
A system for distributed acoustic sensing comprising. The system may include a distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) station to launch a DAS signal into a DAS fiber; and an enhanced sensing array, the enhanced sensing array comprising at least one sensing component. The at least one sensing component may include a DAS fiber coil, forming a portion of the DAS fiber, and a low elastic modulus outer shell, surrounding the DAS fiber coil.
G01H 9/00 - Mesure des vibrations mécaniques ou des ondes ultrasonores, sonores ou infrasonores en utilisant des moyens sensibles aux radiations, p. ex. des moyens optiques
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c.-à-d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
14.
BI-DIRECTIONAL OPTICAL COMPONENTS FOR MULTI-CORE AMPLIFIED TRANSMISSION
A method and a system for transmission of optical signals. One or more first and second multi-core optical components are coupled to all fiber cores in a multi-core fiber. An erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) optical component is coupled to all fiber cores in the multi-core fiber and includes a plurality of EDFAs. Each fiber core is coupled to an EDFA. The EDFA optical component is coupled to all fiber cores between the first and second multi-core optical components. First multi-core components are coupled at an input to a first portion of fiber cores and provide first functions, and are coupled at an output from a second portion of fiber cores and provide second functions. Second multi-core components are coupled at an output from the first portion of fiber cores and provide second functions, and are coupled to an input to the second portion of fiber cores and provide first functions.
A system may include a first DAS station, comprising a first plurality of interrogator units to launch a first plurality of DAS signals in a first direction, wherein a first interrogator unit is configured to launch a first DAS signal at a first interrogation rate and first wavelength, wherein a second interrogator unit is configured to launch a second DAS signal at a second wavelength and second interrogation rate, less than the first interrogation rate. The system may include a loopback array, comprising a plurality of loopbacks, arranged over a plurality of spans, wherein a first set of proximate loopbacks nearest to the first DAS station are configured to route back the first DAS signal to the first DAS station, and wherein a first set of intermediate loopbacks, located further from the first DAS station, are configured to route back the second DAS signal to the first DAS station.
G01H 9/00 - Mesure des vibrations mécaniques ou des ondes ultrasonores, sonores ou infrasonores en utilisant des moyens sensibles aux radiations, p. ex. des moyens optiques
16.
BI-DIRECTIONAL OPTICAL COMPONENTS FOR MULTI-CORE AMPLIFIED TRANSMISSION
A method and a system for transmission of optical signals. One or more first and second multi-core optical components are coupled to all fiber cores in a multi-core fiber. An erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) optical component is coupled to all fiber cores in the multi-core fiber and includes a plurality of EDFAs. Each fiber core is coupled to an EDFA. The EDFA optical component is coupled to all fiber cores between the first and second multi-core optical components. First multi-core components are coupled at an input to a first portion of fiber cores and provide first functions, and are coupled at an output from a second portion of fiber cores and provide second functions. Second multi-core components are coupled at an output from the first portion of fiber cores and provide second functions, and are coupled to an input to the second portion of fiber cores and provide first functions.
Disclosed is a joint assembly for an optical cable. In some embodiments, the joint assembly may include a termination assembly adjacent to a joint, enclosed in a boot assembly, wherein the termination assembly electrically connects, or grounds, a first optical cable and a second optical cable. The termination assembly may include a heat shrink layer surrounding a core of the optical cable, wherein the core comprises a plurality of fibers surrounded by a plurality of strength members, and a first tape layer formed around the heat shrink layer. The termination assembly may further include a non-metallic gripping layer formed over the first tape layer, a second tape layer formed over the non-metallic gripping layer, and a non-metallic material formed over the second tape layer.
G02B 6/44 - Structures mécaniques pour assurer la résistance à la traction et la protection externe des fibres, p. ex. câbles de transmission optique
G02B 6/50 - Installation souterraine ou sous l'eauInstallation à travers des tubes, des conduits ou des canalisations
H02G 15/14 - Jonctions de câbles protégées par des coffrets, p. ex. par des boîtes de distribution, de connexion ou de jonction pour transformateurs, bobines de charge ou amplificateurs incorporés spécialement adaptés pour câbles sous-marins
G02B 6/255 - Épissage des guides de lumière, p. ex. par fusion ou par liaison
18.
JACKETED UNDERSEA FIBER OPTIC TELECOMMUNICATIONS CABLE JOINT WITH NON-METALLIC STRENGTH MEMBER
Disclosed is a joint assembly for an optical cable. In some embodiments, the joint assembly may include a termination assembly adjacent to a joint, enclosed in a boot assembly, wherein the termination assembly electrically connects, or grounds, a first optical cable and a second optical cable. The termination assembly may include a heat shrink layer surrounding a core of the optical cable, wherein the core comprises a plurality of fibers surrounded by a plurality of strength members, and a first tape layer formed around the heat shrink layer. The termination assembly may further include a non-metallic gripping layer formed over the first tape layer, a second tape layer formed over the non-metallic gripping layer, and a non-metallic material formed over the second tape layer.
Disclosed is a cable with dual metal conductor structure. In some embodiments, an optical cable includes hollow buffer tube having a plurality of optical fibers therein, and a first plurality of layered strength members surrounding the hollow buffer tube. The optical cable may further include a conductor surrounding the first plurality of layered strength members, wherein the conductor includes a first metal layer surrounded by a second metal layer, and an outer insulating jacket surrounding the conductor.
A method and a system for monitoring an optical transmission path in an optical transmission system. A signal is transmitted on a portion of the optical transmission path. The optical transmission path includes a plurality of portions. A clock synchronization signal in a plurality of clock synchronization signals is assigned to the transmitted signal. A backscattered signal is received. The backscattered signal is generated by the portion of the optical transmission path in response to the signal being transmitted on the portion of the optical transmission path. Based on the assigned clock synchronization signal, the portion of the optical transmission path is monitored by analyzing the backscattered signal to determine a presence of an interference on the portion of the optical transmission path.
H04B 10/079 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant des mesures du signal de données
21.
MONITORING IN DISTRIBUTED ACOUSTIC SENSING SYSTEMS
A method and a system for monitoring an optical transmission path in an optical transmission system. A signal is transmitted on a portion of the optical transmission path. The optical transmission path includes a plurality of portions. A clock synchronization signal in a plurality of clock synchronization signals is assigned to the transmitted signal. A backscattered signal is received. The backscattered signal is generated by the portion of the optical transmission path in response to the signal being transmitted on the portion of the optical transmission path. Based on the assigned clock synchronization signal, the portion of the optical transmission path is monitored by analyzing the backscattered signal to determine a presence of an interference on the portion of the optical transmission path.
G01H 9/00 - Mesure des vibrations mécaniques ou des ondes ultrasonores, sonores ou infrasonores en utilisant des moyens sensibles aux radiations, p. ex. des moyens optiques
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c.-à-d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
G01M 11/00 - Test des appareils optiquesTest des structures ou des ouvrages par des méthodes optiques, non prévu ailleurs
H04B 10/071 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal réfléchi, p. ex. utilisant des réflectomètres optiques temporels [OTDR]
G01V 1/22 - Transmission des signaux sismiques aux appareils d'enregistrement ou de traitement
22.
Extending DAS range in undersea cables using loopbacks
Techniques for extending distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) range in undersea optical cables are provided. For example, DAS range can be extended by transmitting and amplifying a DAS signal along multiple spans of a first optical fiber, routing or bypassing the DAS signal from the first optical fiber to a second optical fiber different from the first fiber via a high-loss loopback architecture, and returning and amplifying the DAS signal along the same multiple spans back to a DAS device. The DAS device may then receive and process the DAS signal to detect any changes in the DAS environment. The loopback configuration may be based on different types of loopback architecture.
An apparatus for subsea environment sensing. In one aspect, the apparatus may include a repeater assembly, disposed in an optical repeater; and an environmental sensor assembly, disposed proximate to the repeater assembly, the environmental sensor assembly being coupled to receive power from the repeater assembly over an optical link.
G01K 1/024 - Moyens d’indication ou d’enregistrement spécialement adaptés aux thermomètres pour l’indication à distance
G01K 1/14 - SupportsDispositifs de fixationDispositions pour le montage de thermomètres en des endroits particuliers
H04B 10/80 - Aspects optiques concernant l’utilisation de la transmission optique pour des applications spécifiques non prévues dans les groupes , p. ex. alimentation par faisceau optique ou transmission optique dans l’eau
24.
Gain equalization in C+L erbium-doped fiber amplifiers
Techniques for improving gain equalization in C- and L-band (“C+L”) erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFAs) are provided. For example, the C- and L-band amplification sections of a C+L EDFA may be separated and configured in a parallel arrangement or a serial arrangement. For both the parallel and serial arrangements, the C- and L-band amplification sections may share a common gain flattening filter (GFF) or each amplification section may include and employ a separate GFF. Moreover, in some examples, an “interstage” L-band GFF may be located before or upstream of the L-band amplification section such that the L-band optical signal is gain-equalized or flattened prior to the L-band amplification section amplifying the L-band.
G02B 27/10 - Systèmes divisant ou combinant des faisceaux
H01S 3/00 - Lasers, c.-à-d. dispositifs utilisant l'émission stimulée de rayonnement électromagnétique dans la gamme de l’infrarouge, du visible ou de l’ultraviolet
H01S 3/0941 - Procédés ou appareils pour l'excitation, p. ex. pompage utilisant le pompage optique par de la lumière cohérente produite par un laser à semi-conducteur, p. ex. par une diode laser
H01S 3/10 - Commande de l'intensité, de la fréquence, de la phase, de la polarisation ou de la direction du rayonnement, p. ex. commutation, ouverture de porte, modulation ou démodulation
An apparatus for subsea environment sensing. In one aspect, the apparatus may include a repeater assembly, disposed in an optical repeater; and an environmental sensor assembly, disposed proximate to the repeater assembly, the environmental sensor assembly being coupled to receive power from the repeater assembly over an optical link.
H04B 10/077 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant un signal de surveillance ou un signal supplémentaire
H02G 9/02 - Installations de lignes ou de câbles électriques dans ou sur la terre ou sur l'eau tendus directement dans ou sur le sol, lit de rivière ou fond de merLeur recouvrement, p. ex. tuiles
26.
Enhanced line monitoring and parameter reporting for high fiber count undersea fiber optic transmission systems with multiple switchable branches
Provided are techniques, devices and systems that enable updating of a reportable parameter table database when a reconfigured optical communication path is formed by switching performed by a branching unit in an undersea optical communication transmission system. A processor may obtain system attributes of each respective segment of a number of segments of the reconfigured optical communication path from a first end point to a second endpoint. The system attributes of each respective segment of the number of segments may be evaluated from the first end point to the second endpoint of the reconfigured optical communication path. A reportable parameter table may be generated based on the evaluated system attributes that includes a listing of operational and structural parameters of system from the first endpoint to the second endpoint of the reconfigured optical communication path.
H04Q 11/00 - Dispositifs de sélection pour systèmes multiplex
H04B 10/038 - Dispositions pour le rétablissement de communication après défaillance utilisant des contournements
H04B 10/079 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant des mesures du signal de données
H04L 41/069 - Gestion des fautes, des événements, des alarmes ou des notifications en utilisant des journaux de notificationsPost-traitement des notifications
H04L 41/12 - Découverte ou gestion des topologies de réseau
An undersea fiber optic cable routing architecture including a branching unit coupled to three trunk cables capable of switching individual fibers in each fiber pair within a cable to either of the other two cables. The branching unit comprises a plurality of optical switches and a controller for receiving remote command signals and configuring the optical switches in accordance with the remote command signals.
G02B 6/35 - Moyens de couplage optique comportant des moyens de commutation
H04Q 11/00 - Dispositifs de sélection pour systèmes multiplex
28.
Submarine cable architecture with redundancy for facilitating shared landing site having one or more telemetry transceivers located at one or more terrestrial sites
An undersea fiber optic cable architecture including a beach manhole (BMH) installed at a terrestrial site, a terrestrial station connected to the BMH by a terrestrial fiber optic cable, a first landing cable extending from the BMH into territorial waters adjacent the terrestrial site and connected to a first enhanced branching unit (EBU) located in the territorial waters, a second landing cable extending from the BMH into the territorial waters and connected to a second EBU located in the territorial waters, a recovery path cable connecting the first EBU to the second EBU, a first trunk cable extending from the first EBU into international waters, and a second trunk cable extending from the second EBU into the international waters.
H02G 15/14 - Jonctions de câbles protégées par des coffrets, p. ex. par des boîtes de distribution, de connexion ou de jonction pour transformateurs, bobines de charge ou amplificateurs incorporés spécialement adaptés pour câbles sous-marins
G02B 6/44 - Structures mécaniques pour assurer la résistance à la traction et la protection externe des fibres, p. ex. câbles de transmission optique
G02B 6/50 - Installation souterraine ou sous l'eauInstallation à travers des tubes, des conduits ou des canalisations
H01R 4/66 - Connexions à la masse terrestre, p. ex. plaque de terre, piquet de terre
H02G 1/10 - Méthodes ou appareils spécialement adaptés à l'installation, entretien, réparation, ou démontage des câbles ou lignes électriques pour poser les câbles, p. ex. appareils de pose sur véhicule dans ou sur l'eau
29.
MULTISPAN OPTICAL FIBER SYSTEM AND TECHNIQUES FOR IMPROVED DISTRIBUTED ACOUSTIC SENSING
A distributed acoustic sensing system. The DAS system may include a distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) station, comprising: a DAS transmitter, arranged to launch an outbound DAS signal through an optical fiber, over at least one span; a DAS receiver, arranged to receive a backscatter Rayleigh signal, based upon the DAS signal; and at least one component, coupled to the DAS transmitter, the DAS receiver, or both, and arranged to increase a sensitivity for sensing of the DAS system.
G01H 9/00 - Mesure des vibrations mécaniques ou des ondes ultrasonores, sonores ou infrasonores en utilisant des moyens sensibles aux radiations, p. ex. des moyens optiques
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c.-à-d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
30.
Multi-span optical fiber das system with amplified-filtered loopback (AFLB)
A sensing system may include a distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) station to launch a DAS signal as an outbound DAS signal, as well as a plurality of DAS loopback assemblies, arranged along a plurality of spans. The plurality of DAS loopback assemblies may be arranged to separately process the outbound DAS signal, and return to the DAS station, the outbound DAS signal, as a return DAS signal that comprises a backscattered Rayleigh signal. As such, a given DAS loopback assembly of the plurality of DAS loopback assemblies may include an Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) that is arranged to compensate the loss from Rayleigh scattering of the DAS signal, and a filter device having an optical filtering function that is arranged to selectively send back just a sensing wavelength of the DAS signal.
G01H 9/00 - Mesure des vibrations mécaniques ou des ondes ultrasonores, sonores ou infrasonores en utilisant des moyens sensibles aux radiations, p. ex. des moyens optiques
31.
Multi-span optical fiber DAS system with dispersion management and staggered sensing pulses
An undersea sensing system may include a first distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) station, comprising a first DAS transmitter and a first DAS receiver connected by an undersea optical communications cable. The first DAS transmitter is configured to launch a first outbound DAS signal in a first direction, over at least one sensing span of the optical communications cable. The DAS receiver is configured to receive a backscattered Rayleigh signal, based upon the first outbound DAS signal, wherein the first DAS signal is transmitted over a first D− fiber in a first half of the sensing span, and is transmitted over a first D+ fiber over a second half of the sensing span. The system further includes a second DAS station having a second DAS transmitter to launch a second outbound DAS signal in a second direction, opposite the first direction, over the at least one span. A second DAS receiver receives a second backscattered Rayleigh signal, based upon the second outbound DAS signal, wherein the second DAS signal is transmitted over a second D− fiber in the second half of the sensing span and is transmitted over a second D+ fiber over the first half of the sensing span.
G01H 9/00 - Mesure des vibrations mécaniques ou des ondes ultrasonores, sonores ou infrasonores en utilisant des moyens sensibles aux radiations, p. ex. des moyens optiques
32.
Semiconductor based system and method for broad bandwidth transmission
Disclosed are techniques and amplifier stages that include wave division multiplexers, semiconductor optical amplifiers and wave division demultiplexers that amplify optical signals. An input optical signal having a first bandwidth is partitioned into a plurality of subband optical signals by thin film filters tuned to a selected bandwidth that is less than the first bandwidth. Each of the plurality of subband optical signals has a bandwidth that is a portion of the first bandwidth. Each subband optical signal is input into a semiconductor optical amplifier that is tuned to the respective portion of the first bandwidth that corresponds to the subband optical signal. The combination of the partitioned input optical signal and tuned semiconductor optical amplifiers provides improved optical signal transmission performance by reducing polarization dependent gain.
H04B 10/00 - Systèmes de transmission utilisant des ondes électromagnétiques autres que les ondes hertziennes, p. ex. les infrarouges, la lumière visible ou ultraviolette, ou utilisant des radiations corpusculaires, p. ex. les communications quantiques
H04B 10/291 - Répéteurs dans lesquels le traitement ou l’amplification est effectuée sans conversion de la forme optique du signal
H04J 14/02 - Systèmes multiplex à division de longueur d'onde
Disclosed herein are undersea optical cable connection assemblies and systems. In some embodiments, a retainer is operable to arrange a plurality of SCFs and a plurality of microsplints, the retainer including a main body having a first section and a second section. The retainer may further include a first channel and a second channel extending through the first section, wherein a first set of SCFs extend through the first channel, and wherein a second set of SCFs extend through the second channel. The retainer may further include a third channel and a fourth channel extending through the first section, wherein a first set of microsplints extends through the third channel, and wherein a second set of microsplints extends through the fourth channel. A third set of microsplints extends through the third channel, wherein the first and third sets of microsplints are separated from one another by a padding layer.
Provided are techniques, devices and systems that enable updating of a reportable parameter table database when a reconfigured optical communication path is formed by switching performed by a branching unit in an undersea optical communication transmission system. A processor may obtain system attributes of each respective segment of a number of segments of the reconfigured optical communication path from a first end point to a second endpoint. The system attributes of each respective segment of the number of segments may be evaluated from the first end point to the second endpoint of the reconfigured optical communication path. A reportable parameter table may be generated based on the evaluated system attributes that includes a listing of operational and structural parameters of system from the first endpoint to the second endpoint of the reconfigured optical communication path.
H04B 10/07 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission
H04Q 11/00 - Dispositifs de sélection pour systèmes multiplex
H04B 10/038 - Dispositions pour le rétablissement de communication après défaillance utilisant des contournements
H04B 10/079 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant des mesures du signal de données
H04L 41/069 - Gestion des fautes, des événements, des alarmes ou des notifications en utilisant des journaux de notificationsPost-traitement des notifications
H04L 41/12 - Découverte ou gestion des topologies de réseau
35.
ENHANCED LINE MONITORING AND PARAMETER REPORTING FOR HIGH FIBER COUNT UNDERSEA FIBER OPTIC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS WITH MULTIPLE SWITCHABLE BRANCHES
Provided are techniques, devices and systems that enable updating of a reportable parameter table database when a reconfigured optical communication path is formed by switching performed by a branching unit in an undersea optical communication transmission system. A processor may obtain system attributes of each respective segment of a number of segments of the reconfigured optical communication path from a first end point to a second endpoint. The system attributes of each respective segment of the number of segments may be evaluated from the first end point to the second endpoint of the reconfigured optical communication path. A reportable parameter table may be generated based on the evaluated system attributes that includes a listing of operational and structural parameters of system from the first endpoint to the second endpoint of the reconfigured optical communication path.
H04B 10/03 - Dispositions pour le rétablissement de communication après défaillance
H04B 10/07 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission
H04B 10/80 - Aspects optiques concernant l’utilisation de la transmission optique pour des applications spécifiques non prévues dans les groupes , p. ex. alimentation par faisceau optique ou transmission optique dans l’eau
36.
Spatially resolved monitoring of cable perturbations using multichannel information
A monitoring system. The monitoring system may include an optical receiver configured to receive an optical signal, the receiver comprising a plurality of equalizers to partition the optical signal over a plurality of optical channels corresponding to a plurality of optical wavelengths. The monitoring system may also include an analysis component, coupled to the receiver, comprising logic, where the logic is configured to construct a plurality of sensor matrices, corresponding to the plurality of optical channels, based upon the optical signal, after reception at the receiver; determine, using the plurality of sensor matrices, a correlation between at least one pair of sensor matrices corresponding to at least one pair of optical channels of the plurality of optical channels; and determine a location of a perturbation, external to the transmission system, based upon the correlation.
H04B 10/079 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant des mesures du signal de données
Methods of measuring an anomaly, any induced change in physical parameters such as strain, temperature, and so forth, in an optical fiber. One method may include launching a plurality of probe pulses from a probe source; recording a Brillouin scattering spectrum from a plurality of reflection signals generated in the optical fiber, responsive to the plurality of probe pulses; determining a relative motion between the optical fiber and the anomaly during the recording the Brillouin back-scattering spectrum; and dynamically adjusting the Brillouin back-scattering spectrum according to the relative motion, or performing an adjustment of the Brillouin back-scattering spectrum after acquisition of the Brillouin back-scattering spectrum.
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c.-à-d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
G01K 11/322 - Mesure de la température basée sur les variations physiques ou chimiques, n'entrant pas dans les groupes , , ou utilisant des changements dans la transmittance, la diffusion ou la luminescence dans les fibres optiques utilisant la diffusion de Brillouin
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p. ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
G01M 11/00 - Test des appareils optiquesTest des structures ou des ouvrages par des méthodes optiques, non prévu ailleurs
Provided are optical communication signal recovery techniques and a submarine optical communication recovery device may include a number of inputs, a number of outputs and a number of optical switch modules. Each input may be operable to connect to a respective optical fiber of a submarine fiber optic cable, and a number of the optical fibers carry optical signals and at least one optical fiber of the plurality of optical fibers is an unusable optical path that is unable to carry a usable optical signal. Each output may couple to another respective optical fiber, and a number of the outputs may be designated as impaired outputs. Each optical switch module of the number of optical switch modules may be operable to connect an input of the number of inputs coupled to the unusable optical path to an impaired output of the number of the impaired outputs.
A monitoring system. The monitoring system may include an optical receiver configured to receive an optical signal, the receiver comprising a plurality of equalizers to partition the optical signal over a plurality of optical channels corresponding to a plurality of optical wavelengths. The monitoring system may also include an analysis component, coupled to the receiver, comprising logic, where the logic is configured to construct a plurality of sensor matrices, corresponding to the plurality of optical channels, based upon the optical signal, after reception at the receiver; determine, using the plurality of sensor matrices, a correlation between at least one pair of sensor matrices corresponding to at least one pair of optical channels of the plurality of optical channels; and determine a location of a perturbation, external to the transmission system, based upon the correlation.
H04B 10/079 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant des mesures du signal de données
A monitoring system. The monitoring system may include an optical receiver configured to receive an optical signal, the receiver comprising a plurality of equalizers to partition the optical signal over a plurality of optical channels corresponding to a plurality of optical wavelengths. The monitoring system may also include an analysis component, coupled to the receiver, comprising logic, where the logic is configured to construct a plurality of sensor matrices, corresponding to the plurality of optical channels, based upon the optical signal, after reception at the receiver; determine, using the plurality of sensor matrices, a correlation between at least one pair of sensor matrices corresponding to at least one pair of optical channels of the plurality of optical channels; and determine a location of a perturbation, external to the transmission system, based upon the correlation.
H04B 10/07 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission
This application describes techniques for testing fiber optic telecommunication systems, such as undersea fiber optic cable systems. Testing terminals may be deployed at a location of terminating equipment for a fiber optic cable. The testing terminals may be operated remotely. The testing terminals may be configured to programmatically test the cable by loading one or more tests and automatically configure the cable's transmitters and receivers based on predetermined loading schemes selected based on the tests to be performed. The testing terminals may iterate over channels and fiber pairs of the cable and may use back-to-back tests to remove artifacts from test results. Using the described techniques, a cable's channels and fiber pairs can be fully characterized in the amount of time afforded for a typical testing schedule, which was not generally possible using conventional testing.
H04B 10/07 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission
H04B 10/075 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service
H04B 10/077 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant un signal de surveillance ou un signal supplémentaire
H04Q 11/00 - Dispositifs de sélection pour systèmes multiplex
42.
METHODS, MEDIUMS, AND SYSTEMS FOR TESTING FIBER OPTIC TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
This application describes techniques for testing fiber optic telecommunication systems, such as undersea fiber optic cable systems. Testing terminals may be deployed at a location of terminating equipment for a fiber optic cable. The testing terminals may be operated remotely. The testing terminals may be configured to programmatically test the cable by loading one or more tests and automatically configure the cable's transmitters and receivers based on predetermined loading schemes selected based on the tests to be performed. The testing terminals may iterate over channels and fiber pairs of the cable and may use back-to-back tests to remove artifacts from test results. Using the described techniques, a cable's channels and fiber pairs can be fully characterized in the amount of time afforded for a typical testing schedule, which was not generally possible using conventional testing.
H04B 10/07 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission
43.
Semiconductor based system and method for broad bandwidth transmission
Disclosed are techniques and amplifier stages that include wave division multiplexers, semiconductor optical amplifiers and wave division demultiplexers that amplify optical signals. An input optical signal having a first bandwidth is partitioned into a plurality of subband optical signals by thin film filters tuned to a selected bandwidth that is less than the first bandwidth. Each of the plurality of subband optical signals has a bandwidth that is a portion of the first bandwidth. Each subband optical signal is input into a semiconductor optical amplifier that is tuned to the respective portion of the first bandwidth that corresponds to the subband optical signal. The combination of the partitioned input optical signal and tuned semiconductor optical amplifiers provides improved optical signal transmission performance by reducing polarization dependent gain.
H04B 10/00 - Systèmes de transmission utilisant des ondes électromagnétiques autres que les ondes hertziennes, p. ex. les infrarouges, la lumière visible ou ultraviolette, ou utilisant des radiations corpusculaires, p. ex. les communications quantiques
An undersea fiber optic cable routing architecture including a branching unit coupled to three trunk cables capable of switching individual fibers in each fiber pair within a cable to either of the other two cables. The branching unit comprises a plurality of optical switches and a controller for receiving remote command signals and configuring the optical switches in accordance with the remote command signals.
Provided is a cable and joint inspection system, process and computer readable medium enabling cable and joint inspection functions. The system includes an x-ray cabinet containing an x-ray camera and positioning equipment. The x-ray camera is positionable to obtain an x-ray image of a portion of a cable or a cable joint. The x-ray images are evaluated to determine whether a bounded area is within the x-ray image. The processor may measure the size of the bounded area in the x-ray image based on a number of pixels forming the bounded area. In response to the size of the bounded area being greater than an inclusion or void allowance threshold, the processor may flag the bounded area as an inclusion or void and flag pixel locations in the x-ray image. The flagged pixel locations correspond to a physical location within the portions of the cable or the cable joint.
Disclosed are a system and techniques to determine a color of an optical fiber in a fiber optic cable. A spectrophotometer camera may obtain a color value of the optical fiber. A fiber adaptor is operable to hold a single optical fiber of a fiber optic cable in a field of view of the spectrophotometer camera. A memory storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, enable identifying a color of the optical fiber. The color value may be compared to a color value of a number of reference colors. A color match score value may be generated for the color value with respect to each reference color. A confidence value may be obtained for a pair of color match scores that are closest in score value. Based on the confidence value, one of the reference colors is identified as a color of the optical fiber.
Apparatus, systems, and techniques for extending distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) range in undersea optical cables over multiple spans, as well as providing span-specific DAS information, are provided.
G01H 9/00 - Mesure des vibrations mécaniques ou des ondes ultrasonores, sonores ou infrasonores en utilisant des moyens sensibles aux radiations, p. ex. des moyens optiques
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c.-à-d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
48.
Spatially resolved perturbation detection using line monitoring system
A line monitoring system may include a laser source to launch a plurality of pulsed probe signals; an optical transmission system, comprising a plurality of loopbacks, to receive the plurality of pulsed probe signals, and direct the plurality of pulsed probe signals through the plurality of loopbacks. The system may include a receiver to receive a plurality of return signals, derived from the plurality of pulsed probe signals from the transmission system, and a perturbance detection system, coupled to the receiver, to measure a phase difference between a polarization of a pair of return signals of the plurality of return signals. The pair of return signals may be received from a pair of loopbacks of the plurality of loopbacks, from a first loopback and a second return signal from a second loopback. The perturbance detection system may determine a location of a perturbation, based upon the phase difference.
G01C 3/08 - Utilisation de détecteurs électriques de radiations
G01S 17/26 - Systèmes déterminant les données relatives à la position d'une cible pour mesurer la distance uniquement utilisant la transmission d'ondes à modulation d'impulsion interrompues dans lesquels les impulsions transmises utilisent une onde porteuse modulée en fréquence ou en phase, p. ex. pour la compression d'impulsion des signaux reçus
G01S 17/34 - Systèmes déterminant les données relatives à la position d'une cible pour mesurer la distance uniquement utilisant la transmission d'ondes continues, soit modulées en amplitude, en fréquence ou en phase, soit non modulées utilisant la transmission d'ondes continues modulées en fréquence, tout en faisant un hétérodynage du signal reçu, ou d’un signal dérivé, avec un signal généré localement, associé au signal transmis simultanément
G01S 17/36 - Systèmes déterminant les données relatives à la position d'une cible pour mesurer la distance uniquement utilisant la transmission d'ondes continues, soit modulées en amplitude, en fréquence ou en phase, soit non modulées avec comparaison en phase entre le signal reçu et le signal transmis au même moment
49.
Techniques to generate network simulation scenarios
Techniques to generate network simulation scenarios are described. In one embodiment, an apparatus may comprise a records component operative to receive an example network configuration record; receive an example network operation record; a machine learning management component operative to generate a network operation model using a machine learning component based on the example network configuration record as an example input and the example network operation record as an example output; and a system-test component operative to receive a system-test network configuration record; and generate a system-test network operation record based on the system-test network configuration record using the network operation model. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
H04B 10/25 - Dispositions spécifiques à la transmission par fibres
H04B 10/80 - Aspects optiques concernant l’utilisation de la transmission optique pour des applications spécifiques non prévues dans les groupes , p. ex. alimentation par faisceau optique ou transmission optique dans l’eau
H04L 41/08 - Gestion de la configuration des réseaux ou des éléments de réseau
H04L 41/12 - Découverte ou gestion des topologies de réseau
H04L 41/16 - Dispositions pour la maintenance, l’administration ou la gestion des réseaux de commutation de données, p. ex. des réseaux de commutation de paquets en utilisant l'apprentissage automatique ou l'intelligence artificielle
H04J 14/02 - Systèmes multiplex à division de longueur d'onde
H04L 41/06 - Gestion des fautes, des événements, des alarmes ou des notifications
Disclosed are approaches for forming a semiconductor device. In some embodiments, a method may include providing a patterned hardmask over a substrate, and providing, from an ion source, a plasma treatment to a first section of the patterned hardmask, wherein a second section of the patterned hardmask does not receive the plasma treatment. The method may further include etching the substrate to form a plurality of fins in the substrate, wherein the first section of the patterned hardmask is etched faster than the second section of the patterned hardmask.
An apparatus for managing optical subsea communications system may include a plurality of fiber interface modules (FIM), wherein a given FIM comprises a receive part, and a transmit part. The transmit part may include two normally closed switches, wherein a first switch of the two normally closed switches is coupled to a line monitoring equipment (LME) TX port, and wherein a second switch of the two normally closed switches is coupled to a line terminating equipment (LTE) TX port.
H04B 10/80 - Aspects optiques concernant l’utilisation de la transmission optique pour des applications spécifiques non prévues dans les groupes , p. ex. alimentation par faisceau optique ou transmission optique dans l’eau
H04B 13/02 - Systèmes de transmission dans lesquels le milieu de propagation est constitué par la terre ou une grande masse d'eau la recouvrant, p. ex. télégraphie par le sol
52.
TERMINAL LINE INTERFACE MODULE FOR UNDERSEA OPEN CABLE SYSTEM ACCESS
An apparatus for managing optical subsea communications system may include a plurality of fiber interface modules (FIM), wherein a given FIM comprises a receive part, and a transmit part. The transmit part may include two nomially closed switches, wherein a first switch of the two normally closed switches is coupled to a line monitoring equipment (LME) TX port, and wherein a second switch of the two normally closed switches is coupled to a line terminating equipment (LTE) TX port.
Techniques for extending distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) range in undersea optical cables are provided. For example, DAS range can be extended by transmitting and amplifying a DAS signal along multiple spans of a first optical fiber, routing or bypassing the DAS signal from the first optical fiber to a second optical fiber different from the first fiber via a high-loss loopback architecture, and returning and amplifying the DAS signal along the same multiple spans back to a DAS device. The DAS device may then receive and process the DAS signal to detect any changes in the DAS environment. The loopback configuration may be based on different types of loopback architecture.
Techniques for managing gain equalization error in optical communication systems are provided. For example, a multi-stage gain correction filter may be configured to at least correct gain equalization error produced by filters with insufficient resolution, for example, conventional non-reflective gain correction technology used in the optical communication systems. The multi-stage filter may include at least a broadband gain correction filter to correct gain equalization error in most of the transmission bandwidth and a narrow band gain correction filter to correction error in a narrow region of the bandwidth. One or more of the multi-stage filters may be implemented in the repeaters of the system (which may be referred to as hybrid GFFs) or may be included in a standalone body (which may be referred to as hybrid GEFs).
Techniques for managing gain equalization error in optical communication systems are provided. For example, a multi-stage gain correction filter may be configured to at least correct gain equalization error produced by filters with insufficient resolution, for example, conventional non-reflective gain correction technology used in the optical communication systems. The multi-stage filter may include at least a broadband gain correction filter to correct gain equalization error in most of the transmission bandwidth and a narrow band gain correction filter to correction error in a narrow region of the bandwidth. One or more of the multi-stage filters may be implemented in the repeaters of the system (which may be referred to as hybrid GFFs) or may be included in a standalone body (which may be referred to as hybrid GEFs).
Techniques for interfacing between web services and interface description language (IDL)-based remote procedure call (RPC) services and an optical communication system implementing same
An embodiment of the present disclosure includes an RPC architecture that includes a central manager gateway with a client-facing side that allows for client access via web services protocols such as SOAP and REST. The central manager gateway further includes a server-facing side that can communicate with a plurality of network elements, with each network element implementing a common IDL architecture and RPC manager instance. Each of the network elements, and in particular their RPC manager instance, may communicate with other RPC manager instances to ‘learn’ the network topology for the system and maintain a topology database for purposes of exposing a naming service, e.g., a CORBA naming service. The network elements may elect one master element while the others remain as slaves. The central manager gateway may automatically locate the master network element and forward client requests to the same for servicing.
H04L 41/0273 - Échange ou transport d’informations de gestion de réseau en utilisant l’InternetIntégration de serveurs de gestion du Web dans des éléments de réseauProtocoles basés sur les services du Web en utilisant des services du Web pour la gestion du réseau, p. ex. le protocole d’accès aux objets simples [SOAP]
H04L 41/0233 - Techniques orientées objet, pour la représentation des données de gestion de réseau, p. ex. l’architecture commune de répartition des requêtes d’objets [CORBA]
H04L 41/00 - Dispositions pour la maintenance, l’administration ou la gestion des réseaux de commutation de données, p. ex. des réseaux de commutation de paquets
A system and method for efficient optical signal amplification with system monitoring features are provided. For example, an optical repeater may include two different 4-port thin-film gain flattening filters (TF-GFFs), which may be connected to provide a high-loss loop-back (HLLB) path in the optical repeater for system monitoring. The 4-port TF-GFF may have four different ports and may integrate the functionalities of a conventional GFF and a coupler into a single component, thereby increasing power efficiency of the optical repeater.
H04B 10/00 - Systèmes de transmission utilisant des ondes électromagnétiques autres que les ondes hertziennes, p. ex. les infrarouges, la lumière visible ou ultraviolette, ou utilisant des radiations corpusculaires, p. ex. les communications quantiques
H04B 10/291 - Répéteurs dans lesquels le traitement ou l’amplification est effectuée sans conversion de la forme optique du signal
H04J 14/02 - Systèmes multiplex à division de longueur d'onde
H04B 10/294 - Commande de la puissance du signal dans un système à plusieurs longueurs d’onde, p. ex. égalisation du gain
Disclosed are a system and a method for configuring an optical transmission system. A process may include arranging a first ruggedized repeater on or in a first object or structure. A second ruggedized repeater may be arranged on or in a second object or structure different from the first object or structure. A third ruggedized repeater may be arranged on or in a third object or structure different from the first and second objects or structures, wherein: (i) a first distance between the first ruggedized repeater and the second ruggedized repeater and (ii) a second distance between the second ruggedized repeater and the third ruggedized repeater are equal or nearly equal and based on signal loss.
A line monitoring system may include a laser source to launch a probe signal over a first bandwidth, a polarization maintaining tap to receive and split the probe signal, into a first portion and a second portion, a polarization rotator to receive the first portion and send the first portion to a transmission system, a return tap to receive the second portion and to receive a return signal from the transmission system, wherein the return signal being derived from the first portion, a photodetector coupled to receive an interference signal from the return tap, wherein the interference signal is generated by a mixing the return signal and the second portion, where the photodetector is arranged to output a power signal based upon the interference signal, and a power measurement system to measure the power signal at a given measurement frequency over a second bandwidth, comparable to the first bandwidth.
G01M 11/00 - Test des appareils optiquesTest des structures ou des ouvrages par des méthodes optiques, non prévu ailleurs
H04B 10/077 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant un signal de surveillance ou un signal supplémentaire
H04B 10/079 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant des mesures du signal de données
60.
Terrestrial repeater and optimized repeater spacing
Disclosed are a system and a method for configuring an optical transmission system. A process may include arranging a first ruggedized repeater on or in a first object or structure. A second ruggedized repeater may be arranged on or in a second object or structure different from the first object or structure. A third ruggedized repeater may be arranged on or in a third object or structure different from the first and second objects or structures, wherein: (i) a first distance between the first ruggedized repeater and the second ruggedized repeater and (ii) a second distance between the second ruggedized repeater and the third ruggedized repeater are equal or nearly equal and based on signal loss.
Methods of measuring an anomaly, any induced change in physical parameters such as strain, temperature, and so forth, in an optical fiber. One method may include launching a plurality of probe pulses from a probe source; recording a Brillouin scattering spectrum from a plurality of reflection signals generated in the optical fiber, responsive to the plurality of probe pulses; determining a relative motion between the optical fiber and the anomaly during the recording the Brillouin back-scattering spectrum; and dynamically adjusting the Brillouin back-scattering spectrum according to the relative motion, or performing an adjustment of the Brillouin back-scattering spectrum after acquisition of the Brillouin back-scattering spectrum.
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c.-à-d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p. ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
G01K 11/322 - Mesure de la température basée sur les variations physiques ou chimiques, n'entrant pas dans les groupes , , ou utilisant des changements dans la transmittance, la diffusion ou la luminescence dans les fibres optiques utilisant la diffusion de Brillouin
G01M 11/00 - Test des appareils optiquesTest des structures ou des ouvrages par des méthodes optiques, non prévu ailleurs
62.
Efficient undersea charging of undersea autonomous vehicles
A docking/charging module for an undersea autonomous vehicle comprises a housing allowing the undersea autonomous vehicle to dock, thereby establishing both a data connection and a power connection between the module and the vehicle, the module being equipped with the battery which is charged from an undersea cable having a power conductor which may charge the undersea autonomous vehicle via the power connection when the undersea autonomous vehicle is docked with or in proximity to the docking/charging module.
B63G 8/00 - Navires submersibles, p. ex. sous-marins
B60L 53/126 - Procédés pour associer un véhicule et une station de charge, p. ex. en établissant une relation directe entre un transmetteur d'énergie sans fil et un récepteur d'énergie sans fil
B60L 53/18 - Câbles spécialement adaptés pour recharger des véhicules électriques
B60L 53/30 - Détails de construction des stations de charge
B60L 53/66 - Transfert de données entre les stations de charge et le véhicule
63.
Optical switching and electrical powering architecture for undersea mesh networking
Disclosed is an undersea power routing device including a first coupling port, a high voltage converter a second coupling port. The first coupling port may be configured to be coupled to an electrical power conductor and fiber optical cables of an undersea branch cable. The high voltage converter may be coupled to the first coupling port and operable to connect to the electrical power conductor via the first coupling port. The high voltage converter may be further operable to convert a high voltage electrical power supplied by the electrical power conductor to an output voltage having a lower voltage electrical power than the high voltage electrical power. The second coupling port may be configured to couple the high voltage converter to an interconnect cable. The high voltage converter, when coupled to the interconnect cable, may be operable to distribute the lower voltage electrical power to the interconnect cable.
H04B 10/00 - Systèmes de transmission utilisant des ondes électromagnétiques autres que les ondes hertziennes, p. ex. les infrarouges, la lumière visible ou ultraviolette, ou utilisant des radiations corpusculaires, p. ex. les communications quantiques
H04B 10/80 - Aspects optiques concernant l’utilisation de la transmission optique pour des applications spécifiques non prévues dans les groupes , p. ex. alimentation par faisceau optique ou transmission optique dans l’eau
H04Q 11/00 - Dispositifs de sélection pour systèmes multiplex
64.
Gain equalization in C+L erbium-doped fiber amplifiers
Techniques for improving gain equalization in C- and L-band (“C+L”) erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFAs) are provided. For example, the C- and L-band amplification sections of a C+L EDFA may be separated and configured in a parallel arrangement or a serial arrangement. For both the parallel and serial arrangements, the C- and L-band amplification sections may share a common gain flattening filter (GFF) or each amplification section may include and employ a separate GFF. Moreover, in some examples, an “interstage” L-band GFF may be located before or upstream of the L-band amplification section such that the L-band optical signal is gain-equalized or flattened prior to the L-band amplification section amplifying the L-band.
G02B 27/10 - Systèmes divisant ou combinant des faisceaux
H01S 3/00 - Lasers, c.-à-d. dispositifs utilisant l'émission stimulée de rayonnement électromagnétique dans la gamme de l’infrarouge, du visible ou de l’ultraviolet
H01S 3/0941 - Procédés ou appareils pour l'excitation, p. ex. pompage utilisant le pompage optique par de la lumière cohérente produite par un laser à semi-conducteur, p. ex. par une diode laser
H01S 3/10 - Commande de l'intensité, de la fréquence, de la phase, de la polarisation ou de la direction du rayonnement, p. ex. commutation, ouverture de porte, modulation ou démodulation
An improved deepwater optical fiber cable with abrasion protection and techniques for manufacturing the same are provided. For example, the abrasion protected deepwater cable may be a modification or enhancement of an existing special application (SPA) optical fiber cable. One or more additional layers of metallic tape and jackets may be added to the outermost layer of the SPA cable. The tape and jacket layers may have different thicknesses and may be made from different materials to optimize protection against man-made objects or otherwise naturally occurring materials in deep water environments, such as fish aggregation devices (FADs).
Submarine cable branching units with fiber pair switching configured to allow any number of trunk cable fiber pairs to access the optical spectrum any number of branch cable fiber pairs. Access to a particular branch terminal is not limited to predefined subset of the trunk fiber pairs. This approach allows fewer branch cable fiber pairs to be equipped in each branching unit, reducing system cost, simplifies system planning and provides flexible routing of overall trunk cable capacity.
G02B 6/44 - Structures mécaniques pour assurer la résistance à la traction et la protection externe des fibres, p. ex. câbles de transmission optique
H04J 14/02 - Systèmes multiplex à division de longueur d'onde
H04B 3/44 - Montages pour l'alimentation d'un répéteur sur une ligne de transmission
H04B 10/80 - Aspects optiques concernant l’utilisation de la transmission optique pour des applications spécifiques non prévues dans les groupes , p. ex. alimentation par faisceau optique ou transmission optique dans l’eau
67.
Pair routing between three undersea fiber optic cables
An undersea fiber optic cable routing architecture including a branching unit coupled to three trunk cables capable of switching individual fibers in each fiber pair within a cable to either of the other two cables. The branching unit comprises a plurality of optical switches and a controller for receiving remote command signals and configuring the optical switches in accordance with the remote command signals.
An undersea fiber optic cable architecture including a beach manhole (BMH) installed at a terrestrial site, a terrestrial station connected to the BMH by a terrestrial fiber optic cable, a first landing cable extending from the BMH into territorial waters adjacent the terrestrial site and connected to a first enhanced branching unit (EBU) located in the territorial waters, a second landing cable extending from the BMH into the territorial waters and connected to a second EBU located in the territorial waters, a recovery path cable connecting the first EBU to the second EBU, a first trunk cable extending from the first EBU into international waters, and a second trunk cable extending from the second EBU into the international waters.
H02G 15/14 - Jonctions de câbles protégées par des coffrets, p. ex. par des boîtes de distribution, de connexion ou de jonction pour transformateurs, bobines de charge ou amplificateurs incorporés spécialement adaptés pour câbles sous-marins
G02B 6/44 - Structures mécaniques pour assurer la résistance à la traction et la protection externe des fibres, p. ex. câbles de transmission optique
G02B 6/50 - Installation souterraine ou sous l'eauInstallation à travers des tubes, des conduits ou des canalisations
H01R 4/66 - Connexions à la masse terrestre, p. ex. plaque de terre, piquet de terre
H02G 1/10 - Méthodes ou appareils spécialement adaptés à l'installation, entretien, réparation, ou démontage des câbles ou lignes électriques pour poser les câbles, p. ex. appareils de pose sur véhicule dans ou sur l'eau
69.
Redundancy improvement in semiconductor-based optical communication systems
Techniques for improving redundancy in semiconductor-based optical communication systems are provided. For example, two or more semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) may be provided in an optical repeater, and each SOA may form a respective amplification path. When failure occurs on a first SOA, a second SOA that is different from the first SOA can be selected. In one example, the selection may be based on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), and in another example, the selection may be based on optical switching. The two or more SOAs (and other optical components) may be integrated in the same substrate package.
A novel branching unit provided. The branching unit may include a first port for connecting a first power conductor disposed in a first optical cable, a second port for connecting a second power conductor disposed in a second optical cable, and a third port for connecting a third power conductor and a fourth power conductor disposed in a branch cable. The third port may include a first sub-port and a second sub-port. The first sub-port may be configured to connect the third power conductor of the branch cable. The second sub-port may be configured to connect the fourth power conductor of the branch cable.
H02G 9/02 - Installations de lignes ou de câbles électriques dans ou sur la terre ou sur l'eau tendus directement dans ou sur le sol, lit de rivière ou fond de merLeur recouvrement, p. ex. tuiles
Techniques to generate network simulation scenarios are described. In one embodiment, an apparatus may comprise a records component operative to receive an example network configuration record; receive an example network operation record; a machine learning management component operative to generate a network operation model using a machine learning component based on the example network configuration record as an example input and the example network operation record as an example output; and a system-test component operative to receive a system-test network configuration record; and generate a system-test network operation record based on the system-test network configuration record using the network operation model. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
H04B 10/25 - Dispositions spécifiques à la transmission par fibres
H04B 10/80 - Aspects optiques concernant l’utilisation de la transmission optique pour des applications spécifiques non prévues dans les groupes , p. ex. alimentation par faisceau optique ou transmission optique dans l’eau
H04L 41/08 - Gestion de la configuration des réseaux ou des éléments de réseau
H04L 41/12 - Découverte ou gestion des topologies de réseau
H04L 41/16 - Dispositions pour la maintenance, l’administration ou la gestion des réseaux de commutation de données, p. ex. des réseaux de commutation de paquets en utilisant l'apprentissage automatique ou l'intelligence artificielle
H04J 14/02 - Systèmes multiplex à division de longueur d'onde
H04L 41/06 - Gestion des fautes, des événements, des alarmes ou des notifications
72.
System and apparatus for detecting and locating external aggression on an undersea cable
A novel system and apparatus for detecting and locating an external aggression on at least one optical cable of an optical communication system is provided. For example, a signal from a transmitter may be received and analysis may be performed to recover a state-of-polarization (SOP) associated with the signal. A first rapid polarization change that occurs may be identified, which may indicate that an external aggression has occurred on the at least one optical cable. A time offset between the first rapid polarization change and a second rapid polarization change may be used to estimate a location of the external aggression.
H04B 10/07 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission
A novel branching unit provided. The branching unit may include a first port for connecting a first power conductor disposed in a first optical cable, a second port for connecting a second power conductor disposed in a second optical cable, and a third port for connecting a third power conductor and a fourth power conductor disposed in a branch cable. The third port may include a first sub-port and a second sub-port. The first sub-port may be configured to connect the third power conductor of the branch cable. The second sub-port may be configured to connect the fourth power conductor of the branch cable.
H02G 9/02 - Installations de lignes ou de câbles électriques dans ou sur la terre ou sur l'eau tendus directement dans ou sur le sol, lit de rivière ou fond de merLeur recouvrement, p. ex. tuiles
37 - Services de construction; extraction minière; installation et réparation
38 - Services de télécommunications
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
Installation and maintenance of fiber optics networks for others. Consulting in the field of data transportation; operation of fiber optics networks for others. Technical consulting in the field of fiber optic networks; custom design and engineering of data transportation and fiber optic networks; engineering services in the fiber optics field.
75.
Techniques for interfacing between web services and interface description language (IDL)-based remote procedure call (RPC) services and an optical communication system implementing same
An embodiment of the present disclosure includes an RPC architecture that includes a central manager gateway with a client-facing side that allows for client access via web services protocols such as SOAP and REST. The central manager gateway further includes a server-facing side that can communicate with a plurality of network elements, with each network element implementing a common IDL architecture and RPC manager instance. Each of the network elements, and in particular their RPC manager instance, may communicate with other RPC manager instances to ‘learn’ the network topology for the system and maintain a topology database for purposes of exposing a naming service, e.g., a CORBA naming service. The network elements may elect one master element while the others remain as slaves. The central manager gateway may automatically locate the master network element and forward client requests to the same for servicing.
A system and method for efficient optical signal amplification with system monitoring features are provided. For example, an optical repeater may include two different 4-port thin-film gain flattening filters (TF-GFFs), which may be connected to provide a high-loss loop-back (HLLB) path in the optical repeater for system monitoring. The 4-port TF-GFF may have four different ports and may integrate the functionalities of a conventional GFF and a coupler into a single component, thereby increasing power efficiency of the optical repeater.
H04B 10/00 - Systèmes de transmission utilisant des ondes électromagnétiques autres que les ondes hertziennes, p. ex. les infrarouges, la lumière visible ou ultraviolette, ou utilisant des radiations corpusculaires, p. ex. les communications quantiques
H04B 10/291 - Répéteurs dans lesquels le traitement ou l’amplification est effectuée sans conversion de la forme optique du signal
H04J 14/02 - Systèmes multiplex à division de longueur d'onde
H04B 10/294 - Commande de la puissance du signal dans un système à plusieurs longueurs d’onde, p. ex. égalisation du gain
37 - Services de construction; extraction minière; installation et réparation
38 - Services de télécommunications
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
Installation and maintenance of fiber optic networks for others Consulting in the field of fiber optic networks; telecommunication network services, namely, providing fiber optic network services for others; consulting in the field of electronic transmission of data Custom design and engineering of fiber optic networks; custom design and engineering of fiber optic networks in the field of data transmission and transportation; engineering services in the fiber optics field; consulting in the field of design and engineering of fiber optic networks for digital data transportation
78.
Techniques for secured partitioning of an optical transmission system to provide multi-client management access and a network management system implementing same
A system and method consistent with the present disclosure allows for a single NMS system to manage data access and control for N number of customer domains and associated users. In particular, an NMS consistent with the present disclosure may include a configuration that partitions the optical communication system by domain. For each domain, partitioning can further define per-user access constraints and privileges including access to specific equipment by, for instance, fiber pair designation, wavelength designation, specifically identified hardware elements, component categories, or any combination thereof. The NMS system may utilize a proxy server approach to authentication, e.g., using RADIUS, that allows for each party/customer to maintain separate authentication databases and equipment-specific constraints. The NMS may therefore validate users and enforce domain restrictions via the partitioning information such that each user has a secure ‘view’ of only those portions of the system associated with their particular domain.
Techniques for interfacing between web services and interface description language (IDL)-based remote procedure call (RPC) services and an optical communication system implementing same
An embodiment of the present disclosure includes an RPC architecture that includes a central manager gateway with a client-facing side that allows for client access via web services protocols such as SOAP and REST. The central manager gateway further includes a server-facing side that can communicate with a plurality of network elements, with each network element implementing a common IDL architecture and RPC manager instance. Each of the network elements, and in particular their RPC manager instance, may communicate with other RPC manager instances to ‘learn’ the network topology for the system and maintain a topology database for purposes of exposing a naming service, e.g., a CORBA naming service. The network elements may elect one master element while the others remain as slaves. The central manager gateway may automatically locate the master network element and forward client requests to the same for servicing.
G06F 15/173 - Communication entre processeurs utilisant un réseau d'interconnexion, p. ex. matriciel, de réarrangement, pyramidal, en étoile ou ramifié
H04L 12/24 - Dispositions pour la maintenance ou la gestion
H04L 29/06 - Commande de la communication; Traitement de la communication caractérisés par un protocole
80.
Submarine cable branching units with fiber pair switching
Submarine cable branching units with fiber pair switching configured to allow any number of trunk cable fiber pairs to access the optical spectrum any number of branch cable fiber pairs. Access to a particular branch terminal is not limited to predefined subset of the trunk fiber pairs. This approach allows fewer branch cable fiber pairs to be equipped in each branching unit, reducing system cost, simplifies system planning and provides flexible routing of overall trunk cable capacity.
G02B 6/44 - Structures mécaniques pour assurer la résistance à la traction et la protection externe des fibres, p. ex. câbles de transmission optique
H04J 14/02 - Systèmes multiplex à division de longueur d'onde
H04B 3/44 - Montages pour l'alimentation d'un répéteur sur une ligne de transmission
H04B 10/80 - Aspects optiques concernant l’utilisation de la transmission optique pour des applications spécifiques non prévues dans les groupes , p. ex. alimentation par faisceau optique ou transmission optique dans l’eau
81.
Techniques for parameter reporting of elements in an optical transmission system using high loss loopback (HLLB) data and a line monitoring system implementing the same
A system and method consistent with the present disclosure provides for automated line monitoring system (LMS) baselining that enables capturing and updating of operational parameters specific to each repeater and associated undersea elements based on high loss loopback (HLLB) data. The captured operational parameters may then be utilized to satisfy queries targeting specific undersea elements in a Command-Response (CR) fashion. Therefore, command-response functionality may be achieved without the added cost, complexity and lifespan issues related to deploying undersea elements with on-board CR circuitry. As generally referred to herein, operational parameters include any parameter that may be derived directly or indirectly from HLLB data. Some example non-limiting examples of operational parameters include span gain loss, input power, output power, gain, and gain tilt.
H04B 10/071 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal réfléchi, p. ex. utilisant des réflectomètres optiques temporels [OTDR]
H04B 10/077 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant un signal de surveillance ou un signal supplémentaire
A separation duct for encompassing an elongate member. The duct includes longitudinal internal spacers extend longitudinally in a direction of a longitudinal axis of the duct. A longitudinal plane for each spacer is substantially parallel to the longitudinal plane of the other spacers. The spacers support the elongate member and resist slippage of the duct relative to the elongate member. The duct may be used to provide separation and protection for elongate members of a range of outside dimensions.
F16L 7/00 - Support de tuyaux ou de câbles à l'intérieur d'autres tuyaux ou manchons, p. ex. pour permettre la pose ou le retrait de tuyaux ou de câbles sous des routes ou des voies ferrées sans devoir interrompre la circulation
H02G 1/08 - Méthodes ou appareils spécialement adaptés à l'installation, entretien, réparation, ou démontage des câbles ou lignes électriques pour poser les câbles, p. ex. appareils de pose sur véhicule à travers des tubes ou conduits, p. ex. tringles ou fil de tirage pour pousser ou tirer
H02G 9/06 - Installations de lignes ou de câbles électriques dans ou sur la terre ou sur l'eau dans des tubes ou conduits souterrainsLeurs tubes ou conduits
F16L 57/00 - Protection des tuyaux ou d'objets de forme similaire contre les dommages ou les usures internes ou externes
F16L 1/12 - Pose ou récupération des tuyaux sur ou sous l'eau
H02G 9/02 - Installations de lignes ou de câbles électriques dans ou sur la terre ou sur l'eau tendus directement dans ou sur le sol, lit de rivière ou fond de merLeur recouvrement, p. ex. tuiles
83.
FAULT DETECTION AND REPORTING IN LINE MONITORING SYSTEMS
A system and method provides automated line monitoring using a machine learning fault classifier for determining whether a signature associated with the high loss loopback (HLLB) data matches a predetermined fault signature. The fault classifier may be applied to signatures generated in response to line monitoring signals of two different wavelengths. A fault may be reported only if the fault classifier indicates a fault in response to the signature for both wavelengths. A second fault classifier may also be used and a fault may be reported only if both the first and second fault classifiers indicate a fault in response to the signature for both wavelengths. A system consistent may also be configured to report the value of a pump degradation, span loss, or repeater failure fault, and may also, or alternatively, report the directionality of a span loss fault or the location of a fiber break fault.
H04B 10/071 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal réfléchi, p. ex. utilisant des réflectomètres optiques temporels [OTDR]
84.
Fault detection and reporting in line monitoring systems
In general, a system and method consistent with the present disclosure provides automated line monitoring using a machine learning fault classifier for determining whether a signature associated with the high loss loopback (HLLB) data matches a predetermined fault signature. The fault classifier may be applied to signatures generated in response to line monitoring signals of two different wavelengths. A fault may be reported only if the fault classifier indicates a fault in response to the signature for both wavelengths. A second fault classifier may also be used and a fault may be reported only if both the first and second fault classifiers indicate a fault in response to the signature for both wavelengths. A system consistent with the present disclosure may also, or alternatively, be configured to report the value of a pump degradation, span loss, or repeater failure fault, and may also, or alternatively, report the directionality of a span loss fault or the location of a fiber break fault.
H04B 10/00 - Systèmes de transmission utilisant des ondes électromagnétiques autres que les ondes hertziennes, p. ex. les infrarouges, la lumière visible ou ultraviolette, ou utilisant des radiations corpusculaires, p. ex. les communications quantiques
H04B 10/071 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal réfléchi, p. ex. utilisant des réflectomètres optiques temporels [OTDR]
H04B 10/25 - Dispositions spécifiques à la transmission par fibres
H04B 10/079 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant des mesures du signal de données
H04B 10/035 - Dispositions pour le rétablissement de communication après défaillance utilisant des boucles de retour
85.
Automatic calibration of loopback data in line monitoring systems
A system and method for automatically calibrating loopback data in a line monitoring system of an optical communication system. Extra peaks in loopback data are calibrated out of the loopback data used by the system by identifying pairs of peaks in the loopback data associated with test signal transmissions through the same high loss loopback path from opposite ends of the optical transmission path.
H04B 10/00 - Systèmes de transmission utilisant des ondes électromagnétiques autres que les ondes hertziennes, p. ex. les infrarouges, la lumière visible ou ultraviolette, ou utilisant des radiations corpusculaires, p. ex. les communications quantiques
H04B 10/077 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant un signal de surveillance ou un signal supplémentaire
H04B 10/079 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant des mesures du signal de données
H04B 10/035 - Dispositions pour le rétablissement de communication après défaillance utilisant des boucles de retour
H04J 14/02 - Systèmes multiplex à division de longueur d'onde
H04B 10/07 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission
86.
In-service testing of optical signal-to-noise ratio
A system and method for in-service optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) testing in optical communication systems. At least one OSNR test signal is combined onto an optical path with data channels. A receiver detects the received power of the OSNR test signal and provides output data representative of the OSNR of the system.
H04B 10/079 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant des mesures du signal de données
87.
Techniques for parameter reporting of elements in an optical transmission system using high loss loopback (HLLB) data and a line monitoring system implementing the same
A system and method consistent with the present disclosure provides for automated line monitoring system (LMS) baselining that enables capturing and updating of operational parameters specific to each repeater and associated undersea elements based on high loss loopback (HLLB) data. The captured operational parameters may then be utilized to satisfy queries targeting specific undersea elements in a Command-Response (CR) fashion. Therefore, command-response functionality may be achieved without the added cost, complexity and lifespan issues related to deploying undersea elements with on-board CR circuitry. As generally referred to herein, operational parameters include any parameter that may be derived directly or indirectly from HLLB data. Some example non-limiting examples of operational parameters include span gain loss, input power, output power, gain, and gain tilt.
H04B 10/035 - Dispositions pour le rétablissement de communication après défaillance utilisant des boucles de retour
H04B 10/071 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal réfléchi, p. ex. utilisant des réflectomètres optiques temporels [OTDR]
88.
In-service testing of optical signal-to-noise ratio
A system and method for in-service optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) testing in optical communication systems. At least one OSNR test signal is combined onto an optical path with data channels. A receiver detects the received power of the OSNR test signal and provides output data representative of the OSNR of the system.
H04B 10/079 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant des mesures du signal de données
89.
POWER DELIVERY IN SUBMARINE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS USING POWER FEED CONVERTERS
A submarine optical communication system using one or more power feed converters (122, 122a, 122b, 122c) for power delivery to repeaters (114-1...114-M). Power feed equipment (118, 118a, 118b) located one or more a landmasses (102, 104) is coupled to a power conductor (116, 116a, 116b, 116c) of an optical cable for powering repeaters (114- 1...114-M) coupled to cable. One or more power feed converter(s) (122, 122a, 122b, 122c) are coupled to the power conductor for converting current from power feed equipment to a constant output current or voltage for powering other repeaters coupled to the cable. Embodiments are robust to shunts of the power conductor.
H04B 10/80 - Aspects optiques concernant l’utilisation de la transmission optique pour des applications spécifiques non prévues dans les groupes , p. ex. alimentation par faisceau optique ou transmission optique dans l’eau
90.
Power delivery in submarine optical communication systems using power feed converters
A submarine optical communication system using one or more power feed converters for power delivery to repeaters. Power feed equipment located one or more a landmasses is coupled to a power conductor of an optical cable for powering repeaters coupled to cable. One or more power feed converter(s) are coupled to the power conductor for converting current from power feed equipment to a constant output current or voltage for powering other repeaters coupled to the cable. Embodiments are robust to shunts of the power conductor.
H04B 10/00 - Systèmes de transmission utilisant des ondes électromagnétiques autres que les ondes hertziennes, p. ex. les infrarouges, la lumière visible ou ultraviolette, ou utilisant des radiations corpusculaires, p. ex. les communications quantiques
H04B 10/80 - Aspects optiques concernant l’utilisation de la transmission optique pour des applications spécifiques non prévues dans les groupes , p. ex. alimentation par faisceau optique ou transmission optique dans l’eau
H04B 10/25 - Dispositions spécifiques à la transmission par fibres
91.
Techniques for providing adaptive power distribution using a multi-node network of power feed branching units (PFBUs) and an undersea optical communication system using same
In general, a branching configuration used in a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical communication system, consistent with the present disclosure, includes a power feed branching unit (PFBU) having a multi-port DC/DC converter (DDCM) arrangement capable of a plurality of operating modes to distribute power in a bi-directional manner. The DDCM arrangement may include a plurality of ports for electrically coupling to one or more trunk path cable segments and for electrically coupling to a branch cable segment. A plurality of PFBUs may be disposed along a trunk path, with each PFBU powering an associated branch path, without each branch path necessarily having local power feed equipment (PFE). In instances where a branch path includes a local PFE, an associated PFBU may draw power from the branch path in order to make power available to the trunk path as needed.
H04B 10/00 - Systèmes de transmission utilisant des ondes électromagnétiques autres que les ondes hertziennes, p. ex. les infrarouges, la lumière visible ou ultraviolette, ou utilisant des radiations corpusculaires, p. ex. les communications quantiques
H04B 10/80 - Aspects optiques concernant l’utilisation de la transmission optique pour des applications spécifiques non prévues dans les groupes , p. ex. alimentation par faisceau optique ou transmission optique dans l’eau
H04J 14/02 - Systèmes multiplex à division de longueur d'onde
TECHNIQUES FOR PROVIDING ADAPTIVE POWER DISTRIBUTION USING A MULTI-NODE NETWORK OF POWER FEED BRANCHING UNITS (PFBUS) AND AN UNDERSEA OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM USING SAME
In general, a branching configuration used in a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical communication system, consistent with the present disclosure, includes a power feed branching unit (PFBU) (118-3) having a multi-port DC/DC converter (DDCM) arrangement (501/518) capable of a plurality of operating modes to distribute power in a bi- directional manner. The DDCM arrangement (501/518) may include a plurality of ports (626- 1, 626-2, 626-3) for electrically coupling to one or more trunk path cable segments (114-3, 114-4) and for electrically coupling to a branch cable segment (113). A plurality of PFBUs (118-3, 118-4, 118-5, 118-6) may be disposed along a trunk path (112), with each PFBU powering an associated branch path, without each branch path necessarily having local power feed equipment (PFE). In instances where a branch path includes a local PFE (190), an associated PFBU may draw power from the branch path in order to make power available to the trunk path as needed.
H04B 3/44 - Montages pour l'alimentation d'un répéteur sur une ligne de transmission
H04B 10/80 - Aspects optiques concernant l’utilisation de la transmission optique pour des applications spécifiques non prévues dans les groupes , p. ex. alimentation par faisceau optique ou transmission optique dans l’eau
93.
OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD USING A NONLINEAR REVERSIBLE CODE FOR PROBABLISTIC CONSTELLATION SHAPING
A system and method involving using a nonlinear reversible code for probabilistic constellation shaping. A nonlinear reversible code encoder (204) receives information bits (i) and applies a nonlinear reversible code to the information bits to provide encoded bits (i+c). A mapper (206) maps the encoded bits (i+c) to successive amplitude and phase-shift keying (APSK) symbols. Each of the APSK symbols has an APSK modulation format with an associated constellation and the mapper (206) maps each of the symbols to an associated constellation location of the constellation in response to one or more associated ones of the encoded bits.
09 - Appareils et instruments scientifiques et électriques
Produits et services
Computer hardware, software, and firmware used to perform spectrum management, initial loading of submarine cable line, and to establish the proper operating levels for data carrying signals, power controls, and switches; computer software or firmware for operating the bandwidth of fiber optic telecommunications lines in a shared user environment; computer software or firmware for monitoring and protecting against input signal loss or equipment failures; computer software or firmware for providing alarms in association with a fiber optic communication system, where the alarms are related to the sharing of the spectrum on the line
95.
TECHNIQUES FOR HIGH-RESOLUTION LINE MONITORING WITH A STANDARIZED OUTPUT AND AN OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM USING THE SAME
Techniques for providing high-resolution, standard-format output for line monitoring equipment (LME) (140) of a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) communication system (100) is disclosed. LME (140) may transmit a plurality of LME test signals (λ1, 222) via an optical path (110, 120) of the WDM system (100) and perform gain measurements on reflections associated with the same at predetermined intervals. Gain measurements for each of the plurality of LME test signals ((λ1, 222) may be normalized and filtered to derive LME peak data. The WDM system may then output an LME results file (308) based on the above data and measurements.
H04B 10/071 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal réfléchi, p. ex. utilisant des réflectomètres optiques temporels [OTDR]
H04B 10/077 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant un signal de surveillance ou un signal supplémentaire
96.
Techniques for high-resolution line monitoring with a standardized output and an optical communication system using the same
Techniques for providing high-resolution, standard-format output for line monitoring equipment (LME) of a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) communication system is disclosed. LME may transmit a plurality of LME test signals via an optical path of the WDM system and perform gain measurements on reflections associated with the same at predetermined intervals. Gain measurements for each of the plurality of LME test signals may be normalized and filtered to derive LME peak data. The WDM communication system may perform full scans with data points totaling millions/billions (e.g., depending on system length, fiber type, and number of transmitted LME test signals or test pulses) and normalize the same into a relatively small number of resulting data points within the LME peak data. The WDM system may then output an LME results file in a standard format which is compatible with commercial viewers and optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) equipment.
H04B 10/071 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal réfléchi, p. ex. utilisant des réflectomètres optiques temporels [OTDR]
H04B 10/073 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal hors service
H04B 10/079 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant des mesures du signal de données
H04J 14/02 - Systèmes multiplex à division de longueur d'onde
H04B 10/077 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant un signal de surveillance ou un signal supplémentaire
A separation duct for encompassing an elongate member. The duct includes longitudinal internal spacers extend longitudinally in a direction of a longitudinal axis of the duct. A longitudinal plane for each spacer is substantially parallel to the longitudinal plane of the other spacers. The spacers support the elongate member and resist slippage of the duct relative to the elongate member. The duct may be used to provide separation and protection for elongate members of a range of outside dimensions.
F16L 7/00 - Support de tuyaux ou de câbles à l'intérieur d'autres tuyaux ou manchons, p. ex. pour permettre la pose ou le retrait de tuyaux ou de câbles sous des routes ou des voies ferrées sans devoir interrompre la circulation
H02G 1/08 - Méthodes ou appareils spécialement adaptés à l'installation, entretien, réparation, ou démontage des câbles ou lignes électriques pour poser les câbles, p. ex. appareils de pose sur véhicule à travers des tubes ou conduits, p. ex. tringles ou fil de tirage pour pousser ou tirer
H02G 9/06 - Installations de lignes ou de câbles électriques dans ou sur la terre ou sur l'eau dans des tubes ou conduits souterrainsLeurs tubes ou conduits
F16L 57/00 - Protection des tuyaux ou d'objets de forme similaire contre les dommages ou les usures internes ou externes
F16L 1/12 - Pose ou récupération des tuyaux sur ou sous l'eau
H02G 9/02 - Installations de lignes ou de câbles électriques dans ou sur la terre ou sur l'eau tendus directement dans ou sur le sol, lit de rivière ou fond de merLeur recouvrement, p. ex. tuiles
This invention discloses a separation duct [100] for encompassing an elongate member [502]. The duct includes longitudinal internal spacers [208-1...208-8] extending longitudinally in a direction of a longitudinal axis of the duct. The spacers [208-1...208-8] support the elongate member [502] and resist slippage of the duct [100] relative to the elongate member [502]. The duct may be used to provide separation and protection for elongate members of a range of outside dimensions.
H02G 1/08 - Méthodes ou appareils spécialement adaptés à l'installation, entretien, réparation, ou démontage des câbles ou lignes électriques pour poser les câbles, p. ex. appareils de pose sur véhicule à travers des tubes ou conduits, p. ex. tringles ou fil de tirage pour pousser ou tirer
F16L 7/00 - Support de tuyaux ou de câbles à l'intérieur d'autres tuyaux ou manchons, p. ex. pour permettre la pose ou le retrait de tuyaux ou de câbles sous des routes ou des voies ferrées sans devoir interrompre la circulation
H02G 9/06 - Installations de lignes ou de câbles électriques dans ou sur la terre ou sur l'eau dans des tubes ou conduits souterrainsLeurs tubes ou conduits
99.
CODED MODULATION WITH AMPLITUDE AND PHASE-SHIFT KEYING HAVING A CIRCULAR CONSTELLATION FOR VARIABLE SPECTRAL EFFICIENCY
A system and method are described involving a coded modulation scheme using an M-APSK format with a circular constellation. A maximum achievable spectral efficiency for the transmitters may be selected [202] and a spectral efficiency step-size of the maximum achievable spectral efficiency may be specified [204]. The spectral efficiency for any transmitter in the system may be individually selected by reducing its spectral efficiency from the maximum achievable spectral efficiencies [206] by a selected number of steps corresponding to the step size [208].
A system and method involving using a nonlinear reversible code for probabilistic constellation shaping. A nonlinear reversible code encoder receives information bits and applies a nonlinear reversible code to the information bits to provide encoded bits. A mapper maps the encoded bits to successive amplitude and phase-shift keying (APSK) symbols. Each of the APSK symbols has an APSK modulation format with an associated constellation and the mapper maps each of the symbols to an associated constellation location of the constellation in response to one or more associated ones of the encoded bits.
H04B 10/00 - Systèmes de transmission utilisant des ondes électromagnétiques autres que les ondes hertziennes, p. ex. les infrarouges, la lumière visible ou ultraviolette, ou utilisant des radiations corpusculaires, p. ex. les communications quantiques
H04B 10/516 - Détails du codage ou de la modulation
