A method for biologically treating effluent involves pouring the effluent into a basin in which mobile supports are submerged for developing a biofilm and for carrying out a treatment by fixed fluidized bed, aerating the effluent in the basin with a distribution of air flow, from the bottom of the basin, according to a floor configuration, the aeration supplying air for treating the nutrients, and keeping the supports moving, regulating the aeration to modulate the air flow depending on at least one parameter taken from the following parameters: the residual oxygen concentration, and/or the concentration of oxygen and the concentration of N—NH4, and/or the permitted load; modifying the distribution of the air supply from the floor configuration to a spiral flow configuration when the operating conditions result in an air flow lower than a minimum air flow required to keep the mobile supports moving in the floor configuration.
The invention relates to a system for controlling access of a user (100) to a set of equipment (300) of a secure site (10), comprising: a communicating portable device (101) associated with the user and containing an identifier of the latter, a biometric activator (200) allowing the opening of a temporary session for the user by means of a biometric authentication, the user being identified by his communicating portable device, and in which the equipment is adapted so as to be usable only in the event of authorization of access by the user after verification of the opening of the temporary session; said user being identified by said equipment by virtue of his communicating portable device (101).
The invention relates to a process for controlling the temperature of a biomass 9 contained in an aerobic digester chamber 1 and to an aerobic digester that makes it possible to implement such a control. In order to do this, the digester according to the invention comprises, nonlimitingly, a cooling means 22 and a water-saturation means 24 for pressure-boosted air injected into the chamber 1, one or more means 42 for cooling and heating a fraction of biomass circulating in a recirculation line 4, a means for generating a flow of air 5 level with a free surface 91 of the biomass 9 and a sunshade device 3. The control is governed as a function of a measured temperature T9 of the biomass 9.
C12M 1/02 - Appareillage pour l'enzymologie ou la microbiologie avec des moyens d'agitationAppareillage pour l'enzymologie ou la microbiologie avec des moyens d'échange de chaleur
3] concentration less than 4 mg/L, to minimize nitrous oxide production. The bypass rate is determined based on: a measurement of the nitrate concentration of the water upstream of the post-denitrification, the desired nitrate concentration for the mixture of the two fractions downstream of the post-denitrification treatment, and the nitrate concentration of the first fraction at the outlet of the post-denitrification, before the mixing of the two fractions.
g), the press operating in batches, and characterized in that during pressing, the piston carries out reciprocal movements and applies alternating and variable pressures to the sludge, while the flexible drains are deformed, the liquid pressed out from the product passing through the wall of the drains and being discharged as a filtrate, while the dewatered sludge remains outside the drains and is discharged by opening the press.
B01D 21/01 - Séparation par sédimentation de particules solides en suspension dans des liquides en utilisant des agents de floculation
B01D 25/00 - Filtres formés par l'assemblage de plusieurs éléments filtrants fixés ensemble ou parties de tels éléments
C02F 1/00 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout
B30B 9/02 - Presses spécialement adaptées à des fins particulières pour exprimer les liquides des substances les contenant, p. ex. le jus des fruits, les huiles des oléagineux
B30B 1/00 - Presses, utilisant un élément pilonnant, caractérisées par le mode d'entraînement du pilon, la pression étant transmise au pilon ou à la platine de presse directement ou uniquement par l'intermédiaire d'organes travaillant en simple poussée ou traction
C02F 11/12 - Traitement des boues d'égoutDispositifs à cet effet par déshydratation, séchage ou épaississement
B30B 9/06 - Presses spécialement adaptées à des fins particulières pour exprimer les liquides des substances les contenant, p. ex. le jus des fruits, les huiles des oléagineux utilisant des pilons de presse en combinaison avec des parois perméables ou les tamis du réceptacle
B30B 9/04 - Presses spécialement adaptées à des fins particulières pour exprimer les liquides des substances les contenant, p. ex. le jus des fruits, les huiles des oléagineux utilisant des pilons de presse
B30B 9/26 - Parois perméables ou tamis du réceptacle
C02F 11/14 - Traitement des boues d'égoutDispositifs à cet effet par déshydratation, séchage ou épaississement avec addition de produits chimiques
F26B 5/14 - Procédés de séchage d'un matériau solide ou d'objets n'impliquant pas l'utilisation de chaleur par application d'une pression, p. ex. par essorageProcédés de séchage d'un matériau solide ou d'objets n'impliquant pas l'utilisation de chaleur par brossageProcédés de séchage d'un matériau solide ou d'objets n'impliquant pas l'utilisation de chaleur par essuyage
C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
a) into the space (5) in the furnace located above the bed; in order to limit the production of nitrogen oxides NOx and nitrous oxide N2O: the nitrous oxide N2O and nitrogen oxide NOx content of the fumes at the outlet of the furnace are measured (12, 20); the temperature of the fluidized bed is controlled to keep it at the highest admissible value at which the production of nitrous oxide N2O is substantially reduced, while the production of nitrogen oxides NOx is not substantially increased; and the excess air in the fluidized bed is controlled to keep it at the lowest admissible value at which the production of nitrogen oxides NOx is reduced without adversely affecting the combustion and the temperature of the bed.
F23G 5/30 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres avec combustion dans un lit fluidisé
F23G 5/44 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres Parties constitutivesAccessoires
F23G 5/12 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres comportant un chauffage supplémentaire utilisant un combustible gazeux ou liquide
F23N 3/00 - Régulation de l'amenée d'air ou du tirage
F23N 5/02 - Systèmes de commande de la combustion utilisant des dispositifs sensibles aux variations thermiques ou à la dilatation thermique d'un agent
7.
Rapid flotation device for water laden with suspended matter, and method for implementing same
The invention relates to a rapid flotation device, in particular using dissolved air, for treating water laden with suspended matter (MES). The device comprises a mixing area (B) separated from a flotation area (C) by a wall (n) above which the liquid to be treated passes from the mixing area. The bottom portion of the flotation area comprises: a perforated floor (1) located above an apron (R), a floated-water discharge being provided under the floor and leading to an outlet system (3); and at least two separate channels (2) which are oriented in the direction of flow of the water and are provided under the floor (1), and under optional structures (w) extending from the floor, to a point upstream of the outlet system (3). The downstream end (2.1) of the channels is open and located above the floor level, and a discharge means (V) is provided, for each channel, at the end of the downstream bottom portion of said channel.
A process for reducing the production of sludge by municipal or industrial wastewater purification plants, comprising a step of mesophilic or thermophilic anaerobic digestion (20), or anaerobic digestion combining these two operating modes, of a stream of sludge to be treated (1), and at least one biological solubilization anaerobic treatment step (30); the process comprises, upstream of the anaerobic digestion step, a step of dehydration (10) of the sludge to be treated, followed by a step of mixing (15) the dehydrated sludge with a recirculated fraction of sludge that is more liquid, originating from recycling of the digestion (20), and/or from the anaerobic treatment step (30), and/or centrates originating from a final dehydration (50) of the treated sludge, wherein the recirculation rate is chosen such that the mixture has a dryness suitable for digestion, this mixture then being directed towards the digestion.
The invention relates to a method for treating organic waste, in particular to a method for treating sludge from wastewater treatment plants, in order to produce power and/or hygienized organic matter, including a first step of mesophilic or thermophilic digestion (13) of at least one fraction of a stream of organic waste, and comprising the following steps: dehydrating (15) all of the digested and non-digested waste; aerated thermal hydrolysis (16) of the dehydrated waste, including an injection of an oxidizing agent in a quantity lower than the stoichiometric quantity for oxidizing organic matter, and setting to the required temperature by a heating means; and a second mesophilic or thermophilic digestion (17) of the stream of hydrolyzed waste.
A method for treating a liquid containing a suspension, in particular raw water, sludge, or urban or industrial effluents, comprising a step of injection flocculation by injecting one or more conditioning products into the liquid to be treated at a rate of conditioning, in order to generate flocs for subsequent solid/liquid separation, which involves: estimating, by means of an industrial viewing system, the size of the flocs; categorising the flocs into two categories, i.e. large flocs and small flocs, with enumeration by category; estimating the ratio L/S of the number L of large flocs to the number S of small flocs; increasing the rate of conditioning, over time, from a settable low value; monitoring the variation (2) in the rate of conditioning and the ratio L/S (1) until a maximum (3) is reached for this ratio, and choosing, for the flocculation step, the rate of conditioning (4) corresponding to the maximum obtained for the ratio L/S.
A method for the biological treatment of effluent, in particular wastewater, which involves pouring the effluent to be treated into a basin (2) in which mobile supports (3) are submerged for developing a biofilm and for carrying out a treatment by fixed fluidised bed, aerating the effluent in the basin with a distribution of an air flow, from the bottom of the basin, according to a floor configuration, the aeration having a function of supplying air for treating the nutrients, and a function of keeping the supports moving, regulating the aeration in order to modulate the air flow depending on at least one parameter taken from the following parameters: the residual oxygen concentration, and/or the concentration of oxygen and the concentration of N-NH4, and/or the permitted load; modifying the distribution of the air supply from the floor configuration to a spiral flow configuration when the operating conditions result in an air flow lower than a minimum air flow (Q mini Plancher) required to keep the mobile supports (3) moving in the floor configuration.
The invention relates to a floor for a gravity filter with a filter medium for the treatment of water, comprising casings (3) arranged on an invert (4) and supporting at least one layer (N) of granular filter medium, each casing comprising an upper wall provided with openings (6) for the passage of filtered water, or washing water and/or air. Each casing (3) has an inner section free of any walls, and is completely closed at one end while its opposite end is partially closed and comprises a water inflow/outflow opening in the lower part, and an air inflow opening in the upper part, and the openings (6) of the upper wall of the casing are provided with nozzles (11) for ensuring a relatively uniform distribution of the flows of fluid.
Coagulation/flocculation apparatus for the treatment of a hydraulic flow of any type of liquid, upstream of a physical separation element, in particular upstream of a flotation unit, or of a filtration unit, in particular a membrane filtration unit, which apparatus comprises at least one coagulator with injection of coagulant, followed by a flocculator, which are successively passed through by the hydraulic flow, in which apparatus: the coagulator comprises a reactor (1) for injection of coagulant under high energy, followed by a low-energy coagulation reactor (2); an intermediate high-energy element (3) is placed between the coagulation reactor (2) and the flocculator (4); and the flocculator is a static flocculator of piston type (4) having the same width as the physical separation element (5) located downstream.
An incineration furnace (1) for pasty products, or sludge, with a bed of granular material fluidised by injecting a gas stream, the furnace comprising at least two injection nozzles (6, 7) for injecting products into the bed, supplied respectively by a pipe provided with a valve (8, 9) and linked to the discharge of a same pump, and a pipe for discharging the combustion gases (5); the furnace (1) comprising at least two temperature sensors (11, 12) located above the bed of granular material (3), each temperature sensor (11, 12) being located in an area associated with at least one injection nozzle (6, 7), and a means (A) sensitive to a temperature difference between the sensors (11, 12), capable of detecting the clogging of at least one nozzle when the temperature difference exceeds a predefined value.
F23G 5/30 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres avec combustion dans un lit fluidisé
F23G 7/00 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets particuliers ou de combustibles pauvres, p. ex. des produits chimiques
15.
OPTIMISED HYDROTHERMAL CARBONISATION METHOD AND FACILITY FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME
A method and corresponding facility for the hydrothermal carbonisation of pasty products or waste, or sewage treatment plant sludge, in a pressurised reactor (3) heated to carbonisation temperature T0, generally between 140 °C and 280 °C. According to the method, before being inserted into the reactor, the products to be treated undergo the following steps: pressurisation, preheating in an exchanger (2), by a thermal fluid that flows in a closed loop, and that receives heat from the products coming out of the reactor; the thermal fluid is heated in the loop by an external heat source (12), downstream from the exchange with the products coming out of the reactor, and upstream from the preheating of the products entering the reactor, and the temperature of the product to be treated, preheated by the thermal fluid, when it enters the reactor (3), is between the carbonisation temperature T0 and T0 - 100°C. Moreover, the product to be treated flows in at least one tube (1b), including in the preheating exchanger (2), until it enters the reactor (3), and in at least one location of the tube (1b), liquid is injected (20) to create a liquid ring (A) against the inner wall of the tube (1b), and reduce the pressure drops.
C02F 11/10 - Traitement des boues d'égoutDispositifs à cet effet par pyrolyse
F23G 5/027 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres comportant un traitement préalable par pyrolyse ou par gazéification
F23G 7/00 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets particuliers ou de combustibles pauvres, p. ex. des produits chimiques
C02F 11/12 - Traitement des boues d'égoutDispositifs à cet effet par déshydratation, séchage ou épaississement
C02F 1/66 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par neutralisationAjustage du pH
F23G 5/00 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres
16.
METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE BIOLOGICAL DENITRIFICATION OF WASTE WATER
The invention relates to a method for the biological denitrification of waste water, which comprises a nitrification-denitrification sequence followed by, for a first fraction of water, a post-denitrification step (6) during which an electron donor is injected into said first fraction, while a second fraction of water passes though a by-pass (5b), then is mixed with the first fraction downstream of the post-denitrification step; the first fraction of waste water is subjected, during the post-denitrification, to a nearly complete denitrification so as to exit the step at a nitrate [N-NO3] concentration less than 4 mg/L, in order to minimize the production of nitrous oxide N2O. The by-pass rate is determined based on: a measurement (9) of the nitrate [N-NO3] concentration of the water upstream of the post-denitrification, the desired nitrate [N-NO3] concentration for the mixture of the two fractions downstream of the post-denitrification treatment, and the nitrate [N-NO3] concentration of the first fraction at the outlet of the post-denitrification, before the mixing of the two fractions.
C02F 101/16 - Composés de l'azote, p. ex. ammoniac
17.
Method for washing a filter having at least two layers of filtering media, in particular for filtering seawater, and equipment for implementing said method
a) enabling air and/or wash water to be injected, the raw water flowing through the layers from top to bottom and the treated water being recovered at the lower portion of the filter, and which comprises at least one spillway (D) at the upper portion thereof for collecting the wash water. The method includes the following series of steps: a) the raw water intake (2) is closed, followed by the filtration outlet valve (13), the filter is depressurized, and the filter cake is broken; b) the water level in the filter is lowered; c) only pressurized air is blown into the lower portion of the filter, said air passing through the layers of the filter from bottom to top and causing the cakes to be reduced to particles, in particular by means of friction; d) rinsing is carried out from bottom to top using only water, the water rinsing time being sufficiently short to ensure that the water level stops below the level of the upper edge of the wash water collection spillway; e) the filter water is emptied once again by discharging same from the lower portion of the filter; f) steps c), d) and e) are repeated at least once, and a final rinsing is carried out by injecting a quantity of backwashing water through the bottom portion of the filter, which is then discharged from the upper portion of the filter via a pipe (14).
B01D 24/48 - Filtres à substance filtrante non agglomérée, c.-à-d. à substance filtrante sans aucun liant entre les particules ou les fibres individuelles qui la composent combinés dans une même structure à des dispositifs de commande de la filtration
B01D 24/00 - Filtres à substance filtrante non agglomérée, c.-à-d. à substance filtrante sans aucun liant entre les particules ou les fibres individuelles qui la composent
B01D 24/12 - Filtration vers le bas, la substance filtrante étant supportée par des surfaces perméables
B01D 24/46 - Régénération de la substance filtrante dans le filtre
B01D 24/14 - Filtration vers le bas, le récipient comportant des tuyaux collecteurs ou distributeurs ou des tuyaux perméables
18.
METHOD AND FACILITY FOR THE FORCED DEWATERING OF A SLUDGE OF SALINE RESIDUES
A method for the forced dewatering, by pressing, of saline residues produced by drinking water production, or by the treatment of municipal or industrial wastewaters, in which method the saline residues are introduced into the cylinder (12a) of a piston press (12) comprising flexible drains (12e) formed by flexible sheaths from a material that is permeable to liquid but impermeable to solids, each drain (12e) comprising an inner passage that opens into an associated opening (12g), the press operating in batches, and characterised in that during pressing, the piston carries out reciprocal movements and applies alternating and variable pressures to the sludge, while the flexible drains are deformed, the liquid pressed out from the product passing through the wall of the drains and being discharged as a filtrate, while the dewatered sludge remains outside the drains and is discharged by opening the press.
B30B 9/04 - Presses spécialement adaptées à des fins particulières pour exprimer les liquides des substances les contenant, p. ex. le jus des fruits, les huiles des oléagineux utilisant des pilons de presse
B30B 9/06 - Presses spécialement adaptées à des fins particulières pour exprimer les liquides des substances les contenant, p. ex. le jus des fruits, les huiles des oléagineux utilisant des pilons de presse en combinaison avec des parois perméables ou les tamis du réceptacle
B30B 9/26 - Parois perméables ou tamis du réceptacle
C02F 11/12 - Traitement des boues d'égoutDispositifs à cet effet par déshydratation, séchage ou épaississement
F26B 5/14 - Procédés de séchage d'un matériau solide ou d'objets n'impliquant pas l'utilisation de chaleur par application d'une pression, p. ex. par essorageProcédés de séchage d'un matériau solide ou d'objets n'impliquant pas l'utilisation de chaleur par brossageProcédés de séchage d'un matériau solide ou d'objets n'impliquant pas l'utilisation de chaleur par essuyage
C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
The invention relates to a method for ultra-dehydrating thickened or pasty biomass products, in particular sludge from wastewater treatment plants, according to which the products, in particular products having a dryness of 4 % to 25 %, are subjected to the following steps: hydrothermal carbonisation treatment, including pressurization (1, 2) and thermal conditioning (30) for a duration in a closed reactor (4); followed by dehydration of the products by a ram press (12), obtaining a dryness of more than 50 %; the temperature of the product upstream from the ram press dehydration being regulated by cooling between 40 °C and 90 °C, advantageously to around 70 °C, in order to optimise the filterability in the piston press; the steps of the method being performed in a confined space making it possible to prevent the release of smells into the atmosphere.
C02F 11/10 - Traitement des boues d'égoutDispositifs à cet effet par pyrolyse
C02F 9/02 - Traitement en plusieurs étapes de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout comportant une étape de séparation
C02F 9/08 - Traitement en plusieurs étapes de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout une étape au moins étant un traitement physique
20.
METHOD FOR THE IN-LINE INJECTION OF REAGENTS INTO A PRESSURISED WATER CONDUIT IN ORDER TO MINERALISE THE WATER, AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD
The invention relates to a method for the in-line injection of reagents into a pressurised water conduit in order to mineralise the water, according to which a first acid reagent (for example, carbon dioxide) is injected in order to ensure the mineralisation by reaction with a second base reagent (for example, lime water) which is also injected. The first reagent is at least partially injected at points (A1,... A6) distributed over the inner periphery of the conduit, in order to ensure the distribution of said first reagent over the entire periphery of the conduit.
C02F 1/68 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par addition de substances spécifiées, pour améliorer l'eau potable, p. ex. par addition d'oligo-éléments
C02F 1/66 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par neutralisationAjustage du pH
21.
PROCESS FOR TREATING EFFLUENTS CONTAINING NITROGEN IN AMMONIUM FORM, AND EQUIPMENT FOR IMPLEMENTING THIS PROCESS
Process for treating effluents containing nitrogen in ammonium form, using a sequential biological reactor (1), according to which: a volume of effluents to be treated in one complete cycle is introduced into the biological reactor in one or more successive fractions by volume, each fraction by volume being treated during a subcycle; each subcycle comprises a phase of feeding with a fraction by volume, and at least a first aerated step, during which total or partial oxidation of the ammonium to nitrites takes place by injection of air or of oxygen into the effluent, a settling out and emptying step taking place after the end of the complete cycle; the weight of N-NH4 to be treated is determined from the volume of effluents in the reactor at the end of the feeding phase, and from the difference between the initial N-NH4 concentration in the reactor and a concentration desired at the end of the aerated step, a maximum aeration time TM is dedicated to the aerated step, and an initial air flow rate Qairinit, for the beginning of the aerated step, is determined by taking into account the weight of N-NH4 to be treated and the maximum aeration time TM.
The invention relates to a method for treating primary sludge from municipal or industrial wastewater, according to which the wastewater, containing an incoming load of suspended matter (MES), undergoes a primary treatment (3) yielding primary sludge sent for another treatment operation (7), generally biological treatment, on the one hand; the performance of the primary treatment (3) is varied to cause the digester (5) to work with a flow of sludge to be digested substantially corresponding to the optimal load for the digester, despite the variations in incoming load.
The invention relates to a water treatment plant, in particular for seawater desalination, comprising: at least one membrane unit (M) for reverse osmosis filtration or nanofiltration, an intake pipe (A, C, E) for water to be treated, an output pipe (J) for the filtrate, and a discharge pipe (H) for the concentrate; at least one high-pressure pump (HP), an energy recovery system (ERD), a cleaning solution circuit, and a set of valves to command the filtration operations and the cleaning operations, in which plant the cleaning solution circuit comprises: an intake pipe (F) connected upstream from the high-pressure pump (HP), and equipped with a low-pressure valve (2); a first cleaning solution discharge pipe (L) connected to the output pipe (J) for the filtrate, and equipped with a low-pressure valve (7); a second discharge pipe (K) connected to the second output of the energy recovery system, and equipped with a low-pressure valve (9), cleaning solution passing through the energy recovery system (ERD); and means provided to allow the cleaning solution to cross the high-pressure pump (HP), which is stopped during cleaning.
A process for reducing the production of sludge by municipal or industrial wastewater purification plants, comprising a step of mesophilic or thermophilic anaerobic digestion (20), or anaerobic digestion combining these two operating modes, of a stream of sludge to be treated (1), and at least one biological solubilization anaerobic treatment step (30); the process comprises, upstream of the anaerobic digestion step, a step of dehydration (10) of the sludge to be treated, followed by a step of mixing (15) the dehydrated sludge with a recirculated fraction of sludge that is more liquid, originating from recycling of the digestion (20), and/or from the anaerobic treatment step (30), and/or centrates originating from a final dehydration (50) of the treated sludge, wherein the recirculation rate is chosen such that the mixture has a dryness suitable for digestion, this mixture then being directed towards the digestion.
A method for conducting combustion in a fluidised bed furnace, in particular having a sand bed, according to which a flow of primary combustion air is blown through the bed, the fuel consisting in particular of organic waste, or of municipal waste, or of sludge from purifying stations, it being possible to inject secondary air (5a) into the space (5) in the furnace located above the bed; in order to limit the production of nitrogen oxides NOx and nitrous oxide N2O: the nitrous oxide N2O and nitrogen oxide NOx content of the fumes at the outlet of the furnace are measured (12, 20); the temperature of the fluidised bed is controlled to keep it at the highest admissible value at which the production of nitrous oxide N2O is substantially reduced, while the production of nitrogen oxides NOx is not substantially increased; and the excess air in the fluidised bed is controlled to keep it at the lowest admissible value at which the production of nitrogen oxides NOx is reduced without adversely affecting the combustion and the temperature of the bed.
F23G 5/30 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres avec combustion dans un lit fluidisé
F23N 3/00 - Régulation de l'amenée d'air ou du tirage
F23N 5/02 - Systèmes de commande de la combustion utilisant des dispositifs sensibles aux variations thermiques ou à la dilatation thermique d'un agent
26.
METHOD FOR CONDUCTING COMBUSTION IN A FURNACE IN ORDER TO LIMIT THE PRODUCTION OF NITROGEN OXIDES, AND INSTALLATION FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD
A method for conducting combustion in a fluidised bed furnace, in particular having a sand bed, according to which a flow of primary combustion air is blown through the bed, the fuel consisting in particular of organic waste, or of municipal waste, or of sludge from purifying stations, it being possible to inject secondary air (5a) into the space (5) in the furnace located above the bed; in order to limit the production of nitrogen oxides NOx and nitrous oxide N2O: the nitrous oxide N2O and nitrogen oxide NOx content of the fumes at the outlet of the furnace are measured (12, 20); the temperature of the fluidised bed is controlled to keep it at the highest admissible value at which the production of nitrous oxide N2O is substantially reduced, while the production of nitrogen oxides NOx is not substantially increased; and the excess air in the fluidised bed is controlled to keep it at the lowest admissible value at which the production of nitrogen oxides NOx is reduced without adversely affecting the combustion and the temperature of the bed.
F23G 5/30 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres avec combustion dans un lit fluidisé
F23N 3/00 - Régulation de l'amenée d'air ou du tirage
F23N 5/02 - Systèmes de commande de la combustion utilisant des dispositifs sensibles aux variations thermiques ou à la dilatation thermique d'un agent
27.
METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF DRIED SLUDGE FROM A SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT IN ORDER TO PREVENT OR LIMIT THE SELF-HEATING OF SAME
A method for the treatment of dried sludge from a sewage treatment plant in order to prevent or limit the self-heating of same during subsequent storage, according to which the sludge is subjected to controlled oxidation prior to storage such that the temperature of same remains lower than a first threshold of 100°C during this oxidation, and then to cooling to a temperature lower than a second threshold of 40°C.
C02F 11/06 - Traitement des boues d'égoutDispositifs à cet effet par oxydation
F26B 3/08 - Procédés de séchage d'un matériau solide ou d'objets impliquant l'utilisation de chaleur par convection, c.-à-d. la chaleur étant transférée d'une source de chaleur au matériau ou aux objets à sécher par un gaz ou par une vapeur, p. ex. l'air le gaz ou la vapeur s'écoulant à travers le matériau ou les objets à sécher de façon à les rendre lâches, p. ex. pour former un lit fluidisé
C02F 11/18 - Traitement des boues d'égoutDispositifs à cet effet par conditionnement thermique
C02F 1/74 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par oxydation au moyen de l'air
C02F 1/00 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout
28.
METHOD FOR TREATING ORGANIC WASTE, IN PARTICULAR SLUDGE FROM WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS, AND FACILITY FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD
The invention relates to a method for treating organic waste, in particular to a method for treating sludge from wastewater treatment plants, in order to produce power and/or hygienised organic matter, including a first step of mesophilic or thermophilic digestion (13) of at least one fraction of a stream of organic waste, and comprising the following steps: dehydrating (15) all of the digested and non-digested waste; aerated thermal hydrolysis (16) of the dehydrated waste, including an injection of an oxidising agent in a quantity lower than the stoichiometric quantity for oxidising organic matter, and setting to the required temperature by a heating means; and a second mesophilic or thermophilic digestion (17) of the stream of hydrolysed waste.
A process for nitrification, in the heterogeneous phase, of the flue gases produced by a combustion furnace (1), in particular a furnace for incinerating waste or sludge from a municipal water or industrial water purification plant, according to which the fuel is introduced into a fluidized bed (B) or onto a grate, and combustion air (2) is injected into the furnace; a reducing agent (6) is injected into the fuel and/or into the combustion air, upstream of the combustion chamber (H), and is mixed homogenously with the fuel and/or the combustion air, in order to carry out a reducing treatment promoted by the bed (3) of ash or of solids present in the furnace.
F23J 7/00 - Aménagement des dispositifs d'introduction de produits chimiques dans le foyer
F23G 5/30 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres avec combustion dans un lit fluidisé
F23G 7/00 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets particuliers ou de combustibles pauvres, p. ex. des produits chimiques
F23J 3/00 - Enlèvement des résidus solides se trouvant dans les passages ou dans les chambres situés au delà du foyer, p. ex. dans les conduits de fumée par souffleurs de suie
30.
METHOD FOR WASHING A FILTER HAVING AT LEAST TWO LAYERS OF FILTERING MEDIA, IN PARTICULAR FOR FILTERING SEAWATER, AND EQUIPMENT FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD
The invention relates to a method for washing a filter (F) having at least two layers of filtering media (4, 5) for raw water containing components having a tendency to form cakes (M), in particular for seawater, the layers of filtering media being supported by a base (6) comprising pass-through openings and provided with nozzles (6a) enabling air and/or wash water to be injected, the raw water flowing through the layers from top to bottom and the treated water being recovered at the lower portion of the filter, and which comprises at least one spillway (D) at the upper portion thereof for collecting the wash water. The method includes the following series of steps: a) the raw water intake (2)is closed, followed by the filtration outlet valve (13), the filter is depressurized, and the filter cake is broken; b)the water level in the filter is lowered; c) only pressurized air is blown into the lower portion of the filter, said air passing through the layers of the filter from bottom to top and causing the cakes to be reduced to particles, in particular by means of friction; d) rinsing is carried out from bottom to top using only water, the water rinsing time being sufficiently short to ensure that the water level stops below the level of the upper edge of the wash water collection spillway; e) the filter water is emptied once again by discharging same from the lower portion of the filter; f) steps c), d) and e) are repeated at least once, and a final rinsing is carried out by injecting a quantity of backwashing water through the bottom portion of the filter, which is then discharged from the upper portion of the filter via a pipe (14).
B01D 24/12 - Filtration vers le bas, la substance filtrante étant supportée par des surfaces perméables
B01D 24/46 - Régénération de la substance filtrante dans le filtre
B01D 24/48 - Filtres à substance filtrante non agglomérée, c.-à-d. à substance filtrante sans aucun liant entre les particules ou les fibres individuelles qui la composent combinés dans une même structure à des dispositifs de commande de la filtration
31.
COAGULATION/FLOCCULATION APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT OF A HYDRAULIC FLOW, AND IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS
Coagulation/flocculation apparatus for the treatment of a hydraulic flow of any type of liquid, upstream of a physical separation element, in particular upstream of a flotation unit, or of a filtration unit, in particular a membrane filtration unit, which apparatus comprises at least one coagulator with injection of coagulant, followed by a flocculator, which are successively passed through by the hydraulic flow, in which apparatus: the coagulator comprises a reactor (1) for injection of coagulant under high energy, followed by a low-energy coagulation reactor (2); an intermediate high-energy element (3) is placed between the coagulation reactor (2) and the flocculator (4); and the flocculator is a static flocculator of piston type (4) having the same width as the physical separation element (5) located downstream.
The invention relates to a method for treating industrial or urban wastewater, for reuse of at least one fraction of said wastewater. According to said method, wastewater is subjected to the following consecutive steps: biological treatment in a bioreactor (6); physical separation (7) of the effluent leaving the biological treatment; reverse osmosis or nanofiltration treatment (10) of a portion of the filtered water, the permeate being sent for reuse after optional complementary treatment. The method comprises a single reverse osmosis or nanofiltration stage, and the concentrate (16) of the reverse osmosis or nanofiltration stage is subjected to an oxidation step (17) then returned to the biological treatment entrance (6).
A method consisting of determining the availability of a water desalination facility over a given period of time, wherein: a database (1) is established from results obtained from facilities in operation, taking into account the parameters of each facility and of the pre-treatment system implemented; classes are established for the water to be treated, defined by time variation profiles of parameters of the raw water to be treated comprising at least the SDI (silt density index) over the given period; a mathematical model (2) is established using information from the database, in order to determine at least the SDI values at the end of pre-treatment, and this mathematical model is applied to the parameters of the envisaged facility and pre-treatment, for a given water class, for a given pre-treatment system, and for given reagent treatment levels, in order to predict the SDI values at the end of pre-treatment, and the availability of this facility over the given period of time.
The invention relates to a method for carrying out the continuous hydrolysis of organic matter, in particular sludge produced during water treatment, in order to provide organic matter which has been rendered hygienic and which can be easily digested and dehydrated, said method including the following steps: pumping (1) the matter to be treated so as to carry out the pressurised injection thereof into a treatment circuit comprising a hydrolysis reactor (11); heating the matter prior to said matter entering the reactor; hydrolysis in the reactor; decompressing (12) the hydrolysed matter prior to the discharge thereof, and discharging the hydrolysed matter, wherein the heating of the sludge involves a heat exchanger (H) between the sludge and the fumes from combustion or incineration, and the reactor (11) being a plug flow reactor that is placed in a recirculation loop (B) formed with the heat exchanger (H) between the sludge and the fumes.
The invention relates to a method for drying slurry-like materials, in particular sludge from wastewater treatment plants, including two drying stages, namely: a first indirect drying stage (2), supplied with hot fluid, which receives sludge having an entry dryness Se, and outputs sludge having an intermediate dryness Si and water steam, which is channelled towards a condenser (8) in which a heating fluid, in particular water, is reheated and, in turn, heats a heating gas for a second drying stage (6); and a step (5) of forming strings of sludge at the exit from the first stage; the second stage (6) of drying the strings of sludge using gas at least partially heated by the heat extracted from the condenser, said second stage outputting a slurry having a final dryness Sf; the intermediate dryness Si is controlled according to the measured entry dryness Se and the desired exit dryness Sf, for minimum consumption of the total energy used for drying, the flow rate, pressure and/or temperature of the hot fluid (3) supplying the first drying stage (2) being adjusted accordingly.
F26B 3/02 - Procédés de séchage d'un matériau solide ou d'objets impliquant l'utilisation de chaleur par convection, c.-à-d. la chaleur étant transférée d'une source de chaleur au matériau ou aux objets à sécher par un gaz ou par une vapeur, p. ex. l'air
The invention relates to a rapid flotation device, in particular using dissolved air, for treating water laden with suspended matter (MES). The device comprises a mixing area (B) separated from a flotation area (C) by a wall (n) above which the liquid to be treated passes from the mixing area. The bottom portion of the flotation area comprises: a perforated floor (1) located above an apron (R), a floated-water discharge being provided under the floor and leading to an outlet system (3); and at least two separate channels (2) which are oriented in the direction of flow of the water and are provided under the floor (1), and under optional structures (w) extending from the floor, to a point upstream of the outlet system (3). The downstream end (2.1) of the channels is open and located above the floor level, and a discharge means (V) is provided, for each channel, at the end of the downstream bottom portion of said channel.
The invention relates to a rapid flotation device, in particular using dissolved air, for treating water laden with suspended matter (MES). The device comprises a mixing area (B) separated from a flotation area (C) by a wall (n) above which the liquid to be treated passes from the mixing area. The bottom portion of the flotation area comprises: a perforated floor (1) located above an apron (R), a floated-water discharge being provided under the floor and leading to an outlet system (3); and at least two separate channels (2) which are oriented in the direction of flow of the water and are provided under the floor (1), and under optional structures (w) extending from the floor, to a point upstream of the outlet system (3). The downstream end (2.1) of the channels is open and located above the floor level, and a discharge means (V) is provided, for each channel, at the end of the downstream bottom portion of said channel.
The invention relates to a method for treating water or sludge, comprising a step of flocculation by adding (3) one or more conditioning products to the liquid to be treated according to a conditioning rate, in order to generate flocculates for a subsequent solid/liquid separation. According to said method: the size of the flocculates is estimated by an industrial vision system (13); the flocculates are sorted into two categories, i.e. large flocculates and small flocculates, and counted by category; the S/L ratio of the number S of small flocculates to the number L of large flocculates is estimated; a limit value Q is selected for said S/L ratio, and the conditioning rate of the injected product is adjusted according to the S/L ratio, i.e. the conditioning rate is increased when said S/L ratio becomes greater than the limit value Q, and said conditioning rate is reduced when the S/L ratio becomes lower than the limit value Q.
The invention relates to a method for drying pasty products, in particular wastewater treatment plant sludge, comprising the following steps in which: the pasty products are introduced into an indirect dryer (11) which supplies dried sludge at one outlet (24) and mist formed by water vapour, non-condensable gases and dust at another outlet (20); a portion of the mist condensation heat is collected in order to be transmitted to the sludge to be dried in the indirect dryer; the mist originating from the indirect dryer is heated (12) and passed through a filter (13), in particular a bag filter, in order to trap the dust, and the filtered mist is compressed (14) before being injected into the indirect dryer for the condensation thereof.
The invention relates to a method for desulphuration of the digestate and biogas in a digester (1) of urban and/or agricultural and/or industrial effluent, by biochemical and/or thermochemical processes, the digester consisting of an enclosure (2) which is closed at the top, in which anaerobic digestion of a mass of products to be treated making up the digestate (4) takes place, the digester comprising at least one loop (10) for external recirculation of the digestate; an oxidant is injected at least at one point (13, 14) of the loop (10), the injection conditions being as follows: the speed of circulation of the digestate in the loop (10) must be high enough to prevent the deposition of sulphur on the walls of the pipes; the contact time between the injected oxidant and the recirculated digestate recirculated from the injection point (13, 14) of the oxidant until the reinjection point (11 b) of the digestate must be long enough for all the oxidant to be dissolved in the liquid phase of the digestate; the amount of oxygen in the oxidant injected into the recirculation loop must be low enough to avoid the presence of oxygen in the biogas, but high enough to eliminate the hydrogen sulphide from the biogas.
The invention relates to a static decanter (D) for prethickening liquid sludge in a water treatment plant, in particular wastewater, comprising an inclined bottom (8), the decanter being provided with a liquid sludge supply pump (13), a device for injecting a polymer in the liquid sludge, an overspill discharge (23) and a pump (26) for extracting the prethickened sludge from the decanter. The decanter further includes a means for accelerating the sludge decantation, a means (M) for adjusting the concentration of suspended material in the prethickened sludge at the outlet, and capable of maintaining the concentration of the prethickened sludge extracted from the decanter at a substantially constant level despite the concentration variations at the inlet, and a means (M3) for adjusting the level of the sludge blanket (V) and capable of maintaining said level at the lowest possible level.
Plant for water desalination, in particular seawater desalination, using reverse-osmosis membranes arranged inside pressure tubes in which the water to be treated is introduced under high pressure, a plurality of tubes (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4) being arranged in parallel, each tube comprising a removable end cap (5) having a permeate outlet equipped with a connector (4), a permeate manifold (6) being connected to the connectors of the various tubes by a flexible line (7) assigned to each connector; the manifold (6) is situated beyond the ends of the tubes (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4), outside the space contained between planes (P1, P2) passing through the end faces of the tubes, and comprises, for each pressure tube, a connection nozzle (8.1, 8.2) directed towards the opposite side to the pressure tube, the flexible connection line (7) between the connector (4) of the pressure tube and the nozzle (8.1, 8.2) describing a loop (B) of at least 180°.
The invention relates to a device for filtering a liquid, in particular water, comprising membrane filtering modules, connected by pipes to valves for controlling the flows of liquid travelling towards the modules and coming from same, including a first block made up of an assembly (14a) of membrane filtering modules, a second block made up of a system of valves (14b), and a third block made up of a group of intermediate pipes (14c) comprising an interface between the system of valves (14b) and the assembly of modules (14), only the interface (14c) requiring to be changed when changing the type of filtering modules, while the system of valves (14b) and the assembly of modules (14a) remain unchanged, except when changing the type of modules.
The invention relates to a method for drying pasty materials, in particular sludge from wastewater treatment plants, including a first indirect drying stage (1) supplied with a heat-transfer fluid, which outputs (1a, 1b) pre-dried sludge and water vapour; a step (6) of forming sludge at the outlet of the first stage, and a second stage of drying (7) pre-dried sludge that is heated by means of a heating gas, in particular air, said second stage producing (7b) dried sludge; at least one portion of the dried sludge produced by the second stage is incinerated (23) to produce thermal energy, and at least one portion of said thermal energy is used to heat the heat-transfer fluid of the first drying stage.
The invention relates to a reverse-osmosis water desalination plant comprising: a reverse-osmosis membrane unit (TP); at least one high-pressure pump (HP); a pressure-exchange-type energy collector (SRE) capable of transferring pressure from the concentrate leaving the membrane unit to a portion of the water to be treated; sensors for various operating parameters, in particular pressure, flow rate, temperature and salinity level, said sensors being provided at suitable locations; and control loops so that the various adjustable elements are maintained at a setpoint value. The plant also includes a secondary control system (D) comprising calculation means (26) programmed to determine, on the basis of the operating conditions of the plant supplied by the sensors, a combination of setpoint values for the flow rate of the high-pressure pump, the mixing ratio of the energy collector and the conversion ratio, which combination minimizes the energy consumption of the high-pressure pump.
B01D 35/00 - Dispositifs filtrants ayant des particularités non couvertes spécifiquement par les groupes , applications non couvertes spécifiquement par les groupes Dispositifs auxiliaires pour la filtrationStructure du carter de filtre
B01D 63/00 - Appareils en général pour les procédés de séparation utilisant des membranes semi-perméables
G05B 13/02 - Systèmes de commande adaptatifs, c.-à-d. systèmes se réglant eux-mêmes automatiquement pour obtenir un rendement optimal suivant un critère prédéterminé électriques
The invention relates to a method for drying slurry-like materials, in particular sludge from wastewater treatment plants, including two drying stages, namely: a first indirect drying stage (2), supplied with hot fluid, which receives sludge having an entry dryness Se, and outputs sludge having an intermediate dryness Si and water steam, which is channelled towards a condenser (8) in which a heating fluid, in particular water, is reheated and, in turn, heats a heating gas for a second drying stage (6); and a step (5) of forming strings of sludge at the exit from the first stage; the second stage (6) of drying the strings of sludge using gas at least partially heated by the heat extracted from the condenser, said second stage outputting a slurry having a final dryness Sf; the intermediate dryness Si is controlled according to the measured entry dryness Se and the desired exit dryness Sf, for minimum consumption of the total energy used for drying, the flow rate, pressure and/or temperature of the hot fluid (3) supplying the first drying stage (2) being adjusted accordingly.
The invention relates to a biological wastewater purification method using a reactor including a first compartment (2) and a second compartment (4), the lower parts of which are communicated with one another. The water to be treated enters the first compartment, while the second compartment houses aerobic granular sludge at atmospheric pressure. Oxygen-laden gas is injected into the lower part of the second compartment. The granular sludge forms a bed (5) in the second compartment (4) and the reactor operates in a sequential, discontinuous manner in a cycle comprising two phases, namely: a first anaerobic phase during which the first compartment (2) is vacuum-filled with the water to be treated, after which the pressure is abruptly brought to atmospheric pressure in order to discharge a volume of water rapidly into the second compartment (4); and a second aerobic phase during which gas containing oxygen is injected into the second compartment (4).
The invention relates to a pulsed sludge bed settling method for treating all types of liquid, in particular water, and which uses at least one powder or grain reactant, according to which: the liquid and the reactant(s) for the treatment are contained in a tank (1) comprising, at the base thereof, a means (2) for uniformly feeding liquid to be treated over the entire surface thereof; the treated liquid is discharged into the top portion of the tank, at the top level (S) of the liquid; the liquid to be treated is supplied into the tank by pulsations, inducing alternating vertical movements of the sludge bed (M); and part of the sludge is spilled into a concentrator (12) when the top level of the sludge bed exceeds a spilling level (Ld). The amplitude of the alternating vertical movements of the sludge bed (M) is varied between at least two values: one of said values corresponds to a high sludge bed level (Nh2) that is lower than the spilling level (Ld), and the other of said values corresponds to a high sludge bed level that is higher than the spilling level (Ld), with the discharge of the sludge and the reactant.
4 ratio is adjusted to be between 0.9 and 1.5 at the beginning of the nonaerated stage; and the nonaerated phase is carried out by deammonification, without the provision of carbon-based substrate.
The invention relates to a method for controlling oxygen supply in a tank (2) for biologically treating wastewater by alternating aeration including consecutive cycles, wherein each cycle comprises a first aeration phase and a second anoxic phase for reducing nitrites and nitrates formed during the preceding aeration phase, the tank is provided with sensors for measuring ammonia nitrogen (4b) and for measuring nitrate (4c) and optionally for measuring oxygen (4a) that is dissolved in the tank liquor or in the liquor thereof exiting the tank, a method according to which the oxygen supply is controlled in the aeration phase when the reduction speed of the nitrate measurement is less than a bottom threshold and the cutoff of the oxygen supply is also controlled in the aeration phase when at least one of the following triggering events occurs: the reduction speed in the measurement of ammonia nitrogen becomes lower than a bottom threshold; the total sum of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate measurements becomes higher than a top threshold, said thresholds may be dependent on time delays and on a top threshold for the dissolved oxygen measurement.
The invention relates to a method for managing the plugging of membrane modules and of filtration membranes, in particular for nanofiltration, ultrafiltration or reverse osmosis for desalinating water, which comprises carrying out consecutive rinsing operations for controlling clogging, in particular biological clogging: evaluating the thickness of the biofilm; starting a rinsing operation at the latest when the evaluated thickness of the biofilm exceeds a first predetermined setpoint value for the biofilm thickness and stopping the rinsing operation not before the biofilm thickness has become lower than a second predetermined setpoint value lower than the first one for the biofilm thickness.
The invention relates to a static decanter (D) for prethickening liquid sludge in a water treatment plant, in particular wastewater, comprising an inclined bottom (8), the decanter being provided with a liquid sludge supply pump (13), a device for injecting a polymer in the liquid sludge, an overspill discharge (23) and a pump (26) for extracting the prethickened sludge from the decanter. The decanter further includes a means for accelerating the sludge decantation, a means (M) for adjusting the concentration of suspended material in the prethickened sludge at the outlet, and capable of maintaining the concentration of the prethickened sludge extracted from the decanter at a substantially constant level despite the concentration variations at the inlet, and a means (M3) for adjusting the level of the sludge blanket (V) and capable of maintaining said level at the lowest possible level.
The invention relates to a static decanter (D) for prethickening liquid sludge in a water treatment plant, in particular wastewater, comprising an inclined bottom (8), the decanter being provided with a liquid sludge supply pump (13), a device for injecting a polymer in the liquid sludge, an overspill discharge (23) and a pump (26) for extracting the prethickened sludge from the decanter. The decanter further includes a means for accelerating the sludge decantation, a means (M) for adjusting the concentration of suspended material in the prethickened sludge at the outlet, and capable of maintaining the concentration of the prethickened sludge extracted from the decanter at a substantially constant level despite the concentration variations at the inlet, and a means (M3) for adjusting the level of the sludge blanket (V) and capable of maintaining said level at the lowest possible level.
a) in the form of at least one jet having a vertically downward velocity component, this reintroduction taking place below a height (H) of liquid and with a vertically downward velocity component that are sufficient for the gas bubbles to be entrained downwards, without rising.
The invention relates to a reverse-osmosis water desalination plant comprising: a reverse-osmosis membrane unit (TP); at least one high-pressure pump (HP); a pressure-exchange-type energy collector (SRE) capable of transferring pressure from the concentrate leaving the membrane unit to a portion of the water to be treated; sensors for various operating parameters, in particular pressure, flow rate, temperature and salinity level, said sensors being provided at suitable locations; and control loops so that the various adjustable elements are maintained at a setpoint value. The plant also includes a secondary control system (D) comprising calculation means (26) programmed to determine, on the basis of the operating conditions of the plant supplied by the sensors, a combination of setpoint values for the flow rate of the high-pressure pump, the mixing ratio of the energy collector and the conversion ratio, which combination minimizes the energy consumption of the high-pressure pump.
C02F 1/00 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout
C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
G05B 13/04 - Systèmes de commande adaptatifs, c.-à-d. systèmes se réglant eux-mêmes automatiquement pour obtenir un rendement optimal suivant un critère prédéterminé électriques impliquant l'usage de modèles ou de simulateurs
B01D 61/16 - Prétraitement du courant d'alimentation
57.
PROCESS FOR DISINFECTING A FILTRATION WORKS FOR PRETREATMENT OF SALTWATER, AND INSTALLATION FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION THEREOF
Process for disinfecting a filtration works (F) for pretreatment of saltwater, in particular seawater, upstream of a unit (1) for desalination of water with a reverse osmosis membrane, according to which an operation for disinfecting the filtration works is carried out periodically by addition of a bactericidal agent to the water to be pretreated, the filtration works being periodically subjected to a declogging operation; the operation for disinfecting the filtration works (F) is carried out during a declogging operation, and the liquid used for the declogging operation is formed by an aqueous declogging solution, the salt content of which is different from the content of the water to be pretreated; the bactericidal agent is added (14) to the declogging solution upstream of its injection into the filtration works (F).
Installation for the treatment of municipal and/or industrial wastewaters comprising a basin that receives the water to be treated and a series of discs (4) having a packing (G) that are parallel and vertical, mounted on a horizontal shaft (5), partially submerged in the water to be treated, and rotated so that the biomass which grows on the surface of the packing of the discs is alternately brought into contact with the water to be treated and oxygen from the air. The configuration of the packing (G) of the discs (4) is chosen so that the developed surface area of the packing in one zone of the disc increases with the distance from this zone to the axis of rotation (X‑X).
Advanced control method for a membrane filtration unit, applied to the treatment of an effluent, employing microcoagulation on a membrane, which consists in injecting, upstream of the membrane, a dose of coagulation reactant(s) 30 to 80 times below the dose (X) making the zeta potential of the effluent zero, in which method: quantities defining the quality of the effluent to be treated and quantities defining the state of membrane clogging are measured as input variables; the operating point of the microcoagulation process is located on the basis of the results of the above measurements; thresholds for the input variables are determined, the microcoagulation having to be initiated when said thresholds are violated; and the coagulation reactant(s) is(are) injected depending on the results of the measurements and on the comparison of the input variables with the respective thresholds.
Method for the treatment of effluents containing nitrogen in the form of ammonium, according to which: a volume of effluent to be treated in a complete cycle is introduced into the batch reactor in successive volume fractions, each volume fraction being treated during a subcycle: each subcycle comprises a phase of feeding with a volume fraction and, in an alternating manner, two treatment stages, i.e. an aerated first stage, during which complete or partial oxidation of the ammonium so as to give nitrites takes place, followed by a nonaerated second stage, during which the nitrites produced and the ammonium are converted to nitrogen gas. During the aerated first stage, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the batch reactor is maintained between 0.1 mgO2/l and 0.6 mgO2/l; the N-NO2: N-NH4 ratio is adjusted so as to be between 0.9 and 1.5 at the beginning of the nonaerated stage; and the nonaerated phase is carried out by deammonification, without the provision of carbon-based substrate.
Sequential biological reactor (R), comprising: a tank (1) delimited by a base and peripheral walls (3); an inlet (11) equipped with a selector (S) that determines a baffled route with contacting of the effluent to be treated and a portion (5) of the recirculated sludges; a means (6) for discharging the treated water in the top part of the water surface of the tank, and an outlet (7) for discharging the excess sludges in the bottom of the tank. The selector (S) comprises a vessel (8) placed in the tank (1) at a distance from the peripheral walls (3); the vessel is compartmentalized into several sectors (8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4), the outlet from one sector, which is also the inlet of the following sector, being alternately low and high, or vice versa, and a last step is defined by a chamber (13) formed by two partitions (14, 15) that extend between the wall of the vessel (8) and the peripheral walls (3) of the tank and that surround the top outlet (12) of the last sector of the vessel, the lower edge of the partitions being at a distance from the base and determining two low openings for passage of the effluent into the tank.
The invention relates to a biological wastewater purification method using a reactor including a first compartment (2) and a second compartment (4), the lower parts of which are communicated with one another. The water to be treated enters the first compartment, while the second compartment houses aerobic granular sludge at atmospheric pressure. Oxygen-laden gas is injected into the lower part of the second compartment. The granular sludge forms a bed (5) in the second compartment (4) and the reactor operates in a sequential, discontinuous manner in a cycle comprising two phases, namely: a first anaerobic phase during which the first compartment (2) is vacuum-filled with the water to be treated, after which the pressure is abruptly brought to atmospheric pressure in order to discharge a volume of water rapidly into the second compartment (4); and a second aerobic phase during which gas containing oxygen is injected into the second compartment (4).
The invention relates to a method for biologically treating waste water, using a set of micro-organisms having different metabolic spectra, in order to eliminate carbon and nitrogen, even phosphorus. Some of the micro-organisms are fixed to mobile solid carriers (2) and form a fluidised fixed biomass. Some of the micro-organisms are free to be used in an activated mud treatment. To this end, a first non-aerated treatment zone (21a) is followed by a second aerated treatment zone (21b); the treated effluent is subjected to a solid/liquid separation by flotation (6) at a speed higher than 10m/H; and part of the mud recovered by flotation is recirculated (8) towards the activated mud treatment, said recirculation being controlled (9, 10, 11) so that the MES concentration of the effluent subjected to the liquid/solid separation remains compatible with the retained flotation.
PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR ELIMINATING VOLATILE COMPOUNDS, IN PARTICULAR VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, IN THE AIR EMITTED BY SLUDGE PURIFICATION AND TREATMENT PLANTS.
Process for eliminating volatile compounds, in particular volatile organic compounds (VOCs), in the air (1) emitted by effluent or wastewater purification plants, and/or sludge treatment works for treating the sludges that result from the purification, and/or municipal or industrial waste treatment works, according to which: two immiscible washing liquids are used simultaneously, one of which is aqueous (9a) and the other an oil (9b), which are not mixed, and have no surfactant added, and are contained in a single tank (4); the two liquids are transferred to the head of a spraying reactor that may or may not contain packing; the two liquids are sprayed as small-diameter droplets (3); the air charged with volatile compounds to be absorbed is flowed counter-currently to the sprayed fluids; the absorbing fluid is recirculated, and the two washing liquids are renewed.
B01D 53/14 - Séparation de gaz ou de vapeursRécupération de vapeurs de solvants volatils dans les gazÉpuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p. ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par absorption
B01D 53/18 - Unités d'absorptionDistributeurs de liquides
B01D 53/78 - Procédés en phase liquide avec un contact gaz-liquide
65.
METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR PROCESSING WASTE WATER CONTAINING SULPHIDES AND AMMONIUM
The invention relates to a method for treating waste water containing sulphides and ammonium, in particular waste water from an urban or industrial origin or digestion feedbacks, condensates and lixiviates. The waste water is first subjected to an anoxic processing (1) in a free-culture biological manner, wherein, in a first step (1a), the organic carbon is essentially removed by heterotrophic bacteria and, during a second step (1b) separate from the first, the sulphides are oxidised in a biological manner by autotrophic bacteria with nitrites or nitrates reduction. The effluent from the second step (1b) is submitted to a free-culture aerobic biological treatment (2) for converting the ammonium into nitrates. The conjunction with a sequential aerobic biological reactor (9) compensates a potential nitrate deficit.
The invention relates to an ozone generator, comprising two electrodes and a dielectric layer arranged between the above such that between the dialectic layer and one of the electrodes an ozonizing gap is formed, through which an oxygen-containing gas can be run. In the direction of the flow of the gas, a dielectric capacity (CD) of the dielectric layer of the gas becomes smaller and/or layer thickness of the dielectric layer becomes greater, such that a gap width of the ozonizing gap is greater on the inlet side than the outlet side.
The invention relates to a water filtration device that comprises a floor (2) above which are provided a first layer (5) of a first medium (A) containing high density grains with a mean diameter Da, and a second layer (6) of a second medium (B) containing grains having a mean diameter Db and a density lower than that of the first medium (A), Db being higher than Da. An inlet (7) for the water to be filtered is provided in the upper portion and a filtered water outlet (8) is provided under the second layer. The mean diameter Db is such that the particles of the second medium (B) are separated by gaps having a size which is sufficient to allow the gravity flow of particles pf the first medium (A). The second medium (B) has a fluidisation rate which is higher than that of the first medium (A), and means (I) for injecting a cleaning fluid are provided at the floor (2) for injecting a fluid at a speed such that the second medium (B) expands by a value of between 1 and 10 %.
B01D 24/02 - Filtres à substance filtrante non agglomérée, c.-à-d. à substance filtrante sans aucun liant entre les particules ou les fibres individuelles qui la composent avec le lit filtrant stationnaire pendant la filtration
68.
METHOD FOR THE FLOATATION-CLARIFICATION OF DIFFICULT WATER AND FACILITY FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME
The invention relates to a method for the floatation-clarification of difficult water, in particular heavily polluted surface water, urban or industrial wastewater, rainwater or any type of water that floats with difficulty, particularly water which contains a high percentage of mineral matter or requires the injection of a flocculation aid and which originates from filters or membrane technologies such as ultrafiltration, said method comprising: a coagulation step (A1) in which a dose of coagulant (1) is injected into the water to be treated; a flocculation step (B) in which flocculant (2) is injected (B1) into the water after the coagulation step, in order to agglomerate the suspended particles in the form of flocs; and subsequently a floatation step (C) in which the flocculated water is mixed with an emulsion of air micro-bubbles in a floatation apparatus. A second coagulant injection step (A2) is performed downstream of the flocculant injection (B1) and upstream of the floatation (C).
The invention relates to a method for the optimised management of a membrane filtration unit based on membrane micro-coagulation, that comprises at least one measurement of the effluent temperature (7), one measurement of the filtration flow rate (8), and one measurement of the trans-membrane pressure (9). The injection of the coagulation reagent(s) is controlled by a unit when the membrane permeability becomes lower than a threshold value, and the interruption of the coagulation reagent(s) (2) injection is controlled when the membrane permeability is again equal to or higher than the stable LpO value before the drop, during a predetermined hold time.
The invention relates to a silo for storing dried bulk products containing organic materials, in particular for storing dried sludge from residual water treatment plants, said products being subject to self-heating phenomena, wherein said silo includes an outer shell (1) having an upper portion and a lower portion, the shell being made of an essentially metallic heat-conducting material and comprising at least an inlet and an outlet for the products, a roof (2) closing the silo in the upper portion, and a discharge device (3) closing the silo in the lower portion. The silo includes at least one inner stack (5) of an essentially metallic heat-conducting material that communicates with the atmosphere in the upper and lower portions, the volume inside the stack being void so as to permit air circulation and heat dispersal, and the ratio d/D between the outer diameter d of the stack (5) and the outer diameter D of the shell being higher than 0.12.
01 - Produits chimiques destinés à l'industrie, aux sciences ainsi qu'à l'agriculture
11 - Appareils de contrôle de l'environnement
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
[ Chemicals used in the production and purification of surface water, underground water, waste water in the municipal and industrial areas of activity; chemicals for the treatment, during operation and maintenance period, of boilers, metal tanks, heating equipment and installation, cooling and refrigeration equipment and installations, water distribution equipments, thermic condensers and other installations equipped with metallic or non-metallic pipings ] Clarifiers, settlers, flotators, filters, sterilizers and any combinations of said equipments for the treatment and distribution of water and other fluids; physical, physico-chemical and physico-biochemical filters used in processes for biological removal of metals and metalloids dissolved in water; sand filters, activated carbon filters or filters with any other granular material for iron, manganese and nitrate biological removal from water, namely, filtering units for domestic, municipal and industrial water purification Water treatment and conditioning services using chemical, biochemical or biological products; Water treatment services, namely, using industrial and domestic applications of physical, physico-chemical and physico-biochemical treatments for biological removal of metals and metalloids dissolved in water Design for others of installations for physical, physico-chemical and physico-biochemical treatments used in processes for biological removal of metals and metalloids dissolved in water; Scientific research and pilot tests of physical, physico-chemical and physico-biochemical treatments used in processes for biological removal of metals and metalloids dissolved in water; Scientific research concerning the treatment and conditioning of waters by chemical, biochemical or biological products; technical scientific research concerning the operation of treatment plants for drinking, industrial or wastewater; Technical auditing, namely, inspections of water treatment and filtration plants for the removal of metals and metalloids in water and in the field of water treatment; Laboratory research in the field of water treatment and biological processes for the removal of metal and metalloids in water and in the field of water treatment; Technical engineering consulting services in the field of biological processes for the removal of metals and metalloids dissolved in water and in the field of physical, physico-chemical and physico-biochemical treatments of waters
09 - Appareils et instruments scientifiques et électriques
37 - Services de construction; extraction minière; installation et réparation
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
Appareils et installations d'ozonation, contacteurs, à
savoir dispositifs de mise en contact de l'ozone ou de l'air
ozoné et du produit à traiter. Installation, réparation des appareils, installations et
contacteurs cités en classe 9. Conception et étude des appareils, installations et
contacteurs cités en classe 9.
LIQUID TREATING APPARATUS AND EQUIPMENT IN PARTICULAR, APPARATUS AND EQUIPMENT FOR CLARIFYING TURBID LIQUIDS, FOR REMOVING HARDNESS FROM WATER, FOR REMOVING DISSOLVED AND COLLOIDAL SUBSTANCES FROM WATER, SEWAGE AND LIQUIDS IN GENERAL, FOR STABILIZING BRINES AND SOLUTIONS IN GENERAL WITH RESPECT TO SUBSTANCES DISSOLVED THEREIN, AND FOR CHEMICALLY TREATING WATER SUPPLIES AND WATER WASTES OF MUNICIPALITIES, INSTITUTIONS AND INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
