Embodiments described herein generally relate to new processes and processing plants for producing PIB, such as HR-PIB. In an embodiment, a process for producing HR- PIB is provided. The process includes introducing isobutylene into a polymerization reactor, and introducing a polymerization catalyst with the isobutylene to form a mixture comprising the isobutylene and the polymerization catalyst, the polymerization catalyst comprising a Lewis acid catalyst. The process further includes reacting the mixture to form a reaction product mixture comprising an HR-PIB, and introducing a solid substrate with the reaction product mixture, the solid substrate capable of sorbing an amount of polymerization catalyst. The process further includes removing the solid substrate comprising sorbed polymerization catalyst from the reaction product mixture by solid-liquid separation.
Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to a new class of heat transfer compositions. The heat transfer compositions include an HR-PIB. Heat transfer compositions described herein may further include an additional base fluid, an optional additive, or a combination thereof. Aspects described herein also generally relate to processes for producing the heat transfer compositions and to uses of the heat transfer compositions in, for example, immersion cooling applications. Aspects of the present disclosure also generally relate to heat management systems that include one or more heat-generating articles and a heat transfer composition that includes HR-PIB.
C08K 5/103 - EstersÉthers-esters d'acides monocarboxyliques avec des polyalcools
C08L 47/00 - Compositions contenant des homopolymères ou des copolymères de composés possédant un ou plusieurs radicaux aliphatiques non saturés, l'un au moins contenant plusieurs liaisons doubles carbone-carboneCompositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères
C09K 5/06 - Substances qui subissent un changement d'état physique lors de leur utilisation le changement d'état se faisant par passage de l'état liquide à l'état solide, ou vice versa
H05K 7/20 - Modifications en vue de faciliter la réfrigération, l'aération ou le chauffage
4.
COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING POLYISOBUTYLENE, PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING, AND USES THEREOF
Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to a new class of heat transfer compositions. The heat transfer compositions include an HR-PIB. Heat transfer compositions described herein may further include an additional base fluid, an optional additive, or a combination thereof. Aspects described herein also generally relate to processes for producing the heat transfer compositions and to uses of the heat transfer compositions in, for example, immersion cooling applications. Aspects of the present disclosure also generally relate to heat management systems that include one or more heat-generating articles and a heat transfer composition that includes HR-PIB.
C08K 5/103 - EstersÉthers-esters d'acides monocarboxyliques avec des polyalcools
C08L 47/00 - Compositions contenant des homopolymères ou des copolymères de composés possédant un ou plusieurs radicaux aliphatiques non saturés, l'un au moins contenant plusieurs liaisons doubles carbone-carboneCompositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères
C09K 5/06 - Substances qui subissent un changement d'état physique lors de leur utilisation le changement d'état se faisant par passage de l'état liquide à l'état solide, ou vice versa
H05K 7/20 - Modifications en vue de faciliter la réfrigération, l'aération ou le chauffage
5.
COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING POLYISOBUTYLENE, PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING, AND USES THEREOF
Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to a new class of heat transfer compositions. The heat transfer compositions include an HR-PIB. Heat transfer compositions described herein may further include an additional base fluid, an optional additive, or a combination thereof. Aspects described herein also generally relate to processes for producing the heat transfer compositions and to uses of the heat transfer compositions in, for example, immersion cooling applications. Aspects of the present disclosure also generally relate to heat management systems that include one or more heat-generating articles and a heat transfer composition that includes HR-PIB.
C09K 5/00 - Substances pour le transfert de chaleur, pour l'échange de chaleur ou pour le stockage de la chaleur, p. ex. réfrigérantsSubstances pour la production de chaleur ou de froid par des réactions chimiques autres que la combustion
6.
INTEGRATED PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ISOBUTYLENE, POLYISOBUTYLENE, AND HIGHLY REACTIVE POLYISOBUTYLENE FROM ETHYLENE AND CRUDE C4 STREAMS
Embodiments described herein generally relate to new processes and systems for producing isobutylene. Embodiments of the present disclosure also generally relate to new processes and systems for producing PIB, such as HR-PIB. Integrated processes for producing isobutylene from ethylene and/or crude C4 (CC4) streams, which may then be converted to PIB. are also provided. In an embodiment, a process for producing isobutylene is provided. The process includes dimerizing ethylene to produce a dimerization product effluent comprising a normal butylene. The process further includes skeletal isomerizing at least a portion of the normal butylene present in the dimerization product effluent to form a skeletal isomerization product effluent comprising isobutylene. The process further includes isomerizing at least a portion of 1 -butene present in the skeletal isomenzation product effluent to form an isomerization product effluent comprising 2-butene. The process further includes separating isobutylene and 2-butene from the isomerization product effluent.
C07C 5/13 - Préparation d'hydrocarbures à partir d'hydrocarbures contenant le même nombre d'atomes de carbone par hydrogénation avec isomérisation simultanée
C07C 5/25 - Déplacement de liaisons doubles carbone-carbone
C07C 5/27 - Réarrangement des atomes de carbone dans le squelette hydrocarboné
Embodiments described herein generally relate to new processes and processing plants for producing PIB, such as HR-PIB. In an embodiment, a process for producing HR-PIB is provided. The process includes introducing isobutylene into a polymerization reactor, and introducing a polymerization catalyst with the isobutylene to form a mixture comprising the isobutylene and the polymerization catalyst, the polymerization catalyst comprising a Lewis acid catalyst. The process further includes reacting the mixture to form a reaction product mixture comprising an HR-PIB, and introducing a solid substrate with the reaction product mixture, the solid substrate capable of sorbing an amount of polymerization catalyst. The process further includes removing the solid substrate comprising sorbed polymerization catalyst from the reaction product mixture by solid-liquid separation.
Embodiments described herein generally relate to new processes and processing plants for producing PIB, such as HR-PIB. In an embodiment, a process for producing HR-PIB is provided. The process includes introducing isobutylene into a polymerization reactor, and introducing a polymerization catalyst with the isobutylene to form a mixture comprising the isobutylene and the polymerization catalyst, the polymerization catalyst comprising a Lewis acid catalyst. The process further includes reacting the mixture to form a reaction product mixture comprising an HR-PIB, and introducing a solid substrate with the reaction product mixture, the solid substrate capable of sorbing an amount of polymerization catalyst. The process further includes removing the solid substrate comprising sorbed polymerization catalyst from the reaction product mixture by solid-liquid separation.
Embodiments described herein generally relate to new processes and systems for producing isobutylene. Embodiments of the present disclosure also generally relate to new processes and systems for producing PIB, such as HR-PIB. Integrated processes for producing isobutylene from ethylene and/or crude C4 (CC4) streams, which may then be converted to PIB, are also provided. In an embodiment, a process for producing isobutylene is provided. The process includes dimerizing ethylene to produce a dimerization product effluent comprising a normal butylene. The process further includes skeletal isomerizing at least a portion of the normal butylene present in the dimerization product effluent to form a skeletal isomerization product effluent comprising isobutylene. The process further includes isomerizing at least a portion of 1-butene present in the skeletal isomerization product effluent to form an isomerization product effluent comprising 2-butene. The process further includes separating isobutylene and 2-butene from the isomerization product effluent.
C07C 2/06 - Préparation d'hydrocarbures à partir d'hydrocarbures contenant un plus petit nombre d'atomes de carbone par addition d'hydrocarbures non saturés entre eux par oligomérisation d'hydrocarbures non saturés bien définis, sans formation de cycle d'alcènes, c.-à-d. d'hydrocarbures acycliques ne comportant qu'une seule liaison double carbone-carbone
Embodiments described herein generally relate to new processes and systems for producing isobutylene. Embodiments of the present disclosure also generally relate to new processes and systems for producing PIB, such as HR-PIB. Integrated processes for producing isobutylene from ethylene and/or crude C4 (CC4) streams, which may then be converted to PIB, are also provided. In an embodiment, a process for producing isobutylene is provided. The process includes dimerizing ethylene to produce a dimerization product effluent comprising a normal butylene. The process further includes skeletal isomerizing at least a portion of the normal butylene present in the dimerization product effluent to form a skeletal isomerization product effluent comprising isobutylene. The process further includes isomerizing at least a portion of 1-butene present in the skeletal isomerization product effluent to form an isomerization product effluent comprising 2-butene. The process further includes separating isobutylene and 2-butene from the isomerization product effluent.
C07C 2/06 - Préparation d'hydrocarbures à partir d'hydrocarbures contenant un plus petit nombre d'atomes de carbone par addition d'hydrocarbures non saturés entre eux par oligomérisation d'hydrocarbures non saturés bien définis, sans formation de cycle d'alcènes, c.-à-d. d'hydrocarbures acycliques ne comportant qu'une seule liaison double carbone-carbone
Embodiments described herein generally relate to new processes for converting C4 feeds to isobutylene. In an embodiment is provided a process for forming isobutylene that includes hydroisomerizing 1,3-butadiene present in a C4 feed to form a hydroisomerization product effluent comprising isobutylene and 2-butene; and forming an isobutylene feed by separating the isobutylene from the hydroisomerization product effluent. Embodiments of the present disclosure also generally relate to new processes for converting C4 feeds to polyisobutylene. In an embodiment is provided a process that includes hydroisomerizing a C4 feed comprising 1,3-butadiene in a hydroisomerization reactor to form a hydroisomerization product effluent comprising isobutylene and 2-butene; separating the isobutylene from the hydroisomerization product effluent to form a first isobutylene-containing feed; forming a reaction mixture comprising a polymerization catalyst and the first isobutylene-containing feed; and reacting the reaction mixture, in a polymerization reactor, to form a polymerization product effluent comprising polyisobutylene.
Embodiments described herein generally relate to new processes for converting C4 feeds to isobutylene. In an embodiment is provided a process for forming isobutylene that includes hydroisomerizing 1,3-butadiene present in a C4 feed to form a hydroisomerization product effluent comprising isobutylene and 2-butene; and forming an isobutylene feed by separating the isobutylene from the hydroisomerization product effluent. Embodiments of the present disclosure also generally relate to new processes for converting C4 feeds to polyisobutylene. In an embodiment is provided a process that includes hydroisomerizing a C4 feed comprising 1,3-butadiene in a hydroisomerization reactor to form a hydroisomerization product effluent comprising isobutylene and 2-butene; separating the isobutylene from the hydroisomerization product effluent to form a first isobutylene-containing feed; forming a reaction mixture comprising a polymerization catalyst and the first isobutylene-containing feed; and reacting the reaction mixture, in a polymerization reactor, to form a polymerization product effluent comprising polyisobutylene.
Embodiments described herein generally relate to new processes for converting C4 feeds to isobutylene. In an embodiment is provided a process for forming isobutylene that includes hydroisomerizing 1,3-butadiene present in a C4 feed to form a hydroisomerization product effluent comprising isobutylene and 2-butene; and forming an isobutylene feed by separating the isobutylene from the hydroisomerization product effluent. Embodiments of the present disclosure also generally relate to new processes for converting C4 feeds to polyisobutylene. In an embodiment is provided a process that includes hydroisomerizing a C4 feed comprising 1,3-butadiene in a hydroisomerization reactor to form a hydroisomerization product effluent comprising isobutylene and 2-butene; separating the isobutylene from the hydroisomerization product effluent to form a first isobutylene-containing feed; forming a reaction mixture comprising a polymerization catalyst and the first isobutylene-containing feed; and reacting the reaction mixture, in a polymerization reactor, to form a polymerization product effluent comprising polyisobutylene.
Embodiments described herein generally relate to new processes for converting C4 feeds to isobutylene. In an embodiment is provided a process for forming isobutylene that includes hydroisomerizing 1,3-butadiene present in a C4 feed to form a hydroisomerization product effluent comprising isobutylene and 2-butene; and forming an isobutylene feed by separating the isobutylene from the hydroisomerization product effluent. Embodiments of the present disclosure also generally relate to new processes for converting C4 feeds to polyisobutylene. In an embodiment is provided a process that includes hydroisomerizing a C4 feed comprising 1,3-butadiene in a hydroisomerization reactor to form a hydroisomerization product effluent comprising isobutylene and 2-butene; separating the isobutylene from the hydroisomerization product effluent to form a first isobutylene-containing feed; forming a reaction mixture comprising a polymerization catalyst and the first isobutylene-containing feed; and reacting the reaction mixture, in a polymerization reactor, to form a polymerization product effluent comprising polyisobutylene.
3; providing a feedstock comprising isobutylene; forming a reaction mixture comprising the feedstock and the catalyst system; contacting the isobutylene with the catalyst system; and obtaining a polymer composition.
C08F 4/14 - Halogénures de bore ou halogénures d'aluminiumLeurs complexes avec des composés organiques contenant de l'oxygène
B01J 31/14 - Catalyseurs contenant des hydrures, des complexes de coordination ou des composés organiques contenant des composés organiques ou des hydrures métalliques contenant des composés organométalliques ou des hydrures métalliques d'aluminium ou de bore
3; providing a feedstock comprising isobutylene; forming a reaction mixture comprising the feedstock and the catalyst system; contacting the isobutylene with the catalyst system; and obtaining a polymer composition.
B01J 31/14 - Catalyseurs contenant des hydrures, des complexes de coordination ou des composés organiques contenant des composés organiques ou des hydrures métalliques contenant des composés organométalliques ou des hydrures métalliques d'aluminium ou de bore
In an embodiment, a process to convert a feed includes introducing a feed to an oligomerization catalyst in an oligomerization reactor to form a first reactor effluent; introducing the first reactor effluent to a distillation unit to form a first distillation effluent and a second distillation effluent, the second distillation effluent comprising an oligomer of isobutylene; and introducing the second distillation effluent to a cracking reactor to form a cracking reactor effluent comprising a high purity isobutylene. In another embodiment, an apparatus includes a feed line coupled to a first end of an oligomerization reactor; a first distillation unit coupled with a second end of the oligomerization reactor; a first end of a cracking reactor coupled to a second end of the first distillation unit via a first line; a first end of an isomerization reactor coupled to: a third end of the first distillation unit and the feed line.
In an embodiment, a process to convert a feed includes introducing a feed to an oligomerization catalyst in an oligomerization reactor to form a first reactor effluent; introducing the first reactor effluent to a distillation unit to form a first distillation effluent and a second distillation effluent, the second distillation effluent comprising an oligomer of isobutylene; and introducing the second distillation effluent to a cracking reactor to form a cracking reactor effluent comprising a high purity isobutylene. In another embodiment, an apparatus includes a feed line coupled to a first end of an oligomerization reactor; a first distillation unit coupled with a second end of the oligomerization reactor; a first end of a cracking reactor coupled to a second end of the first distillation unit via a first line; a first end of an isomerization reactor coupled to: a third end of the first distillation unit and the feed line.
In an embodiment, a process to convert a feed includes introducing a feed to an oligomerization catalyst in an oligomerization reactor to form a first reactor effluent; introducing the first reactor effluent to a distillation unit to form a first distillation effluent and a second distillation effluent, the second distillation effluent comprising an oligomer of isobutylene; and introducing the second distillation effluent to a cracking reactor to form a cracking reactor effluent comprising a high purity isobutylene. In another embodiment, an apparatus includes a feed line coupled to a first end of an oligomerization reactor; a first distillation unit coupled with a second end of the oligomerization reactor; a first end of a cracking reactor coupled to a second end of the first distillation unit via a first line; a first end of an isomerization reactor coupled to: a third end of the first distillation unit and the feed line.
3; providing a feedstock comprising isobutylene; forming a reaction mixture comprising the feedstock and the catalyst system; contacting the isobutylene with the catalyst system; and obtaining a polymer composition.
Methods of making polyisobutylene and catalyst systems are described. Polyisobutylene compositions and catalyst system compositions are also described. In some embodiments, a method of making a catalyst system includes: providing a support material; calcining the support material; and forming a catalyst system by adding to the support material (a) a mixture comprising BF3, (b) a mixture comprising BF3 and a complexing agent, or (c) both. In some embodiments, a method of making a polymer composition includes providing a catalyst system comprising: (a) a support material; and (b) BF3; providing a feedstock comprising isobutylene; forming a reaction mixture comprising the feedstock and the catalyst system; contacting the isobutylene with the catalyst system; and obtaining a polymer composition.
B01J 31/14 - Catalyseurs contenant des hydrures, des complexes de coordination ou des composés organiques contenant des composés organiques ou des hydrures métalliques contenant des composés organométalliques ou des hydrures métalliques d'aluminium ou de bore
Methods of making polyisobutylene and catalyst systems are described. Polyisobutylene compositions and catalyst system compositions are also described. In some embodiments, a method of making a catalyst system includes: providing a support material; calcining the support material; and forming a catalyst system by adding to the support material (a) a mixture comprising BF3, (b) a mixture comprising BF3 and a complexing agent, or (c) both. In some embodiments, a method of making a polymer composition includes providing a catalyst system comprising: (a) a support material; and (b) BF3; providing a feedstock comprising isobutylene; forming a reaction mixture comprising the feedstock and the catalyst system; contacting the isobutylene with the catalyst system; and obtaining a polymer composition.
B01J 31/14 - Catalyseurs contenant des hydrures, des complexes de coordination ou des composés organiques contenant des composés organiques ou des hydrures métalliques contenant des composés organométalliques ou des hydrures métalliques d'aluminium ou de bore
