Abrégé

An electro-chemical metal winning process comprises: providing an electrolytic cell (10) comprising an anode (16), a cathode (18) and a salt electrolyte (20) which is molten at an operating temperature of the electrolytic cell (10); heating the electrolytic cell (10) to the operating temperature; adding a feed (22) to the molten salt electrolyte (20), the feed (22) comprising an oxide of a first metal (e.g. titanium dioxide) and a substance comprising a second metal (e.g. iron), with the first and second metals at least in part being capable of forming an alloy which has a melting point below the operating temperature of the electrolytic cell (10); applying a potential difference between the anode (16) and the cathode (18) of the electrolytic cell (10) to reduce the oxide of the first metal; and removing a molten alloy comprising the first and second metals from the electrolytic cell (10).

Classes IPC  ?

• C25C 3/36 - Alliages obtenus par réduction cathodique de tous leurs ions
• C25C 7/02 - ÉlectrodesLeurs connexions

Abrégé

A method of limiting oxidation and/or ingress of oxygen when welding, comprises: providing a molten salt flux (22) to cover a pool of molten metal (18) generated when welding a first metal component (16) to a second metal component; and applying an electric potential using power source (24) to the molten salt flux (22) whilst covering the pool of molten metal (18), using an electrode (26) in contact with the molten salt flux (22) as an anode and at least one of the first and second metal components as a cathode.

Classes IPC  ?

• B23K 9/16 - Soudage ou découpage à l'arc utilisant des gaz de protection
• B23K 26/12 - Travail par rayon laser, p. ex. soudage, découpage ou perçage sous atmosphère particulière, p. ex. dans une enceinte
• B23K 5/00 - Soudage au chalumeau

Abrégé

An inert anode material for use in electrolytic processes comprises calcium ruthenate. [Note that the nominal formula for this compound is CaRuO3, although different stoichiometries may apply in practice].

Classes IPC  ?

• C25B 11/04 - ÉlectrodesLeur fabrication non prévue ailleurs caractérisées par le matériau
• C25B 11/06 - Electrodes; Leur fabrication non prévue ailleurs caractérisées par le matériau par les matériaux catalytiques utilisés
• C25B 11/08 - Métaux nobles
• C25C 3/28 - Production, récupération ou affinage électrolytique de métaux par électrolyse de bains fondus du titane, du zirconium, de l'hafnium, du tantale ou du vanadium du titane

Abrégé

An inert anode material for use in electrolytic processes comprises calcium ruthenate. [Note that the nominal formula for this compound is CaRu03, although different stoichiometries may apply in practice].

Classes IPC  ?

• C25C 7/02 - ÉlectrodesLeurs connexions