Herein disclosed is a method of generating products from microorganisms, comprising super-saturating a liquid medium with a gas consumable by the microorganisms in a high shear device operating at a shear rate of greater than 1,000,000 s−1 to produce a gas-super-saturated (GSS) medium, wherein the GSS medium maintains a GSS level for at least 10 minutes; feeding the GSS medium to microorganisms; allowing the microorganisms to grow by consuming the gas and generate products via photosynthesis or chemosynthesis; and recovering the products. In an embodiment, the microorganisms are genetically modified. In an embodiment, the microorganisms include bacteria, protozoa, algae, or fungi, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the gas consumable by the microorganisms is selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, air, oxygen, methane, and combinations thereof. A suitable system is also discussed in this disclosure.
C12M 1/00 - Appareillage pour l'enzymologie ou la microbiologie
C12M 1/42 - Appareils pour le traitement de micro-organismes ou d'enzymes au moyen d'énergie électrique ou ondulatoire, p. ex. magnétisme, ondes sonores
C12N 1/12 - Algues unicellulairesLeurs milieux de culture
C12P 7/64 - GraissesHuilesCires de type esterAcides gras supérieurs, c.-à-d. ayant une chaîne continue d'au moins sept atomes de carbone liée à un groupe carboxyleHuiles ou graisses oxydées
Herein disclosed is a method of generating products from microorganisms, comprising super-saturating a liquid medium with a gas consumable by the microorganisms in a high shear device operating at a shear rate of greater than 1,000,000 s-1 to produce a gas-super-saturated (GSS) medium, wherein the GSS medium maintains a GSS level for at least 10 minutes; feeding the GSS medium to microorganisms; allowing the microorganisms to grow by consuming the gas and generate products via photosynthesis or chemosynthesis; and recovering the products. In an embodiment, the microorganisms are genetically modified. In an embodiment, the microorganisms include bacteria, protozoa, algae, or fungi, or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the gas consumable by the microorganisms is selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, air, oxygen, methane, and combinations thereof. A suitable system is also discussed in this disclosure.
Herein disclosed is a method of processing a medium containing algae microorganisms to produce algal oil and by-products, comprising providing the medium containing algae microorganisms; passing the medium through a rotor-stator high shear device; disintegrating cell walls of and intracellular organelles in the algae microorganisms to release algal oil and by-products; and removing the algae medium from an outlet of the high shear device. In an embodiment, disintegration is enhanced by a penetrating gas capable of permeating the cell wall. In an embodiment, enhancement is accomplished by super-saturation of the penetrating gas in the medium or increased gas pressure in a vessel. In an embodiment, the penetrating gas is different from the gas produced by the cell during respiration. A suitable system is also discussed in this disclosure.
C11B 1/04 - Traitement préliminaire des matières premières végétales
C11B 1/10 - Production des graisses ou huiles à partir de matières premières par extraction
C10L 1/02 - Combustibles carbonés liquides à base essentielle de composants formés uniquement de carbone, d'hydrogène et d'oxygène
C12M 1/00 - Appareillage pour l'enzymologie ou la microbiologie
C12P 7/64 - GraissesHuilesCires de type esterAcides gras supérieurs, c.-à-d. ayant une chaîne continue d'au moins sept atomes de carbone liée à un groupe carboxyleHuiles ou graisses oxydées
Herein disclosed is a method of processing a medium containing algae microorganisms to produce algal oil and by-products, comprising providing the medium containing algae microorganisms; passing the medium through a rotor-stator high shear device; disintegrating cell walls of and intracellular organelles in the algae microorganisms to release algal oil and by-products; and removing the algae medium from an outlet of the high shear device. In an embodiment, disintegration is enhanced by a penetrating gas capable of permeating the cell wall. In an embodiment, enhancement is accomplished by super-saturation of the penetrating gas in the medium or increased gas pressure in a vessel. In an embodiment, the penetrating gas is different from the gas produced by the cell during respiration. A suitable system is also discussed in this disclosure.
A23D 9/00 - Autres huiles ou graisses comestibles, p. ex. huiles pour cuisson
B01F 7/00 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins
C12M 1/00 - Appareillage pour l'enzymologie ou la microbiologie
C12P 7/64 - GraissesHuilesCires de type esterAcides gras supérieurs, c.-à-d. ayant une chaîne continue d'au moins sept atomes de carbone liée à un groupe carboxyleHuiles ou graisses oxydées
5.
SMALL PARTICLE SIZE RENEWABLE TRIGLYCERIDE WAXES FOR USE IN CONSUMER AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
A composition comprises a plurality of microbeads dispersed within a base material. The plurality of microbeads is formed from a material comprising a renewable triglyceride wax having an I.V. of less than 70. The base material may be selected from the group consisting of soap, toothpaste, deodorant, mascara, ink, and cosmetics. The renewable triglyceride wax may be derived from oils selected from the group consisting of soybean, soy stearine, stearine, castor, com, cottonseed, rape, canola, sunflower, palm, palm kernel, coconut, crambe, linseed, peanut, or fats, such as animal fats, including lard and tallow, and blends thereof.
Herein disclosed is a method for producing a predispersed wax product comprising: operating a high shear device having at least one rotor/stator, configurable for a shear rate of at least 20,000 s-1; introducing wax and a carrier liquid into said high shear device; and forming a dispersion of wax in a carrier liquid, wherein the wax comprises globules with an average diameter less than 5 mm.
Herein disclosed is a method for hydrogenation comprising: supersaturating a hydrocarbonaceous liquid or slurry stream in a high shear device with a gas stream comprising hydrogen and optionally one or more C1-C6 hydrocarbons to form a supersaturated dispersion; and introducing the supersaturated dispersion into a reactor in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to generate a product stream. In some embodiments, the catalyst is present as a slurry or a fluidized or fixed bed of catalyst. In some embodiments, the hydrogenation catalyst is mixed with the hydrocarbonaceous liquid or slurry stream and the gas stream in the high shear device. In some embodiments, the method further comprises recycling at least a portion of an off gas from the reactor, recycling at least a portion of the product stream from the reactor, or both. Also disclosed herein is a system for hydrogenation.
C10G 45/02 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieurHydrofinissage
C10G 45/04 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieurHydrofinissage caractérisé par le catalyseur utilisé
8.
SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR THERMAL CRACKING AND STEAM CRACKING
Herein disclosed is a method for thermal cracking or steam cracking of hydrocarbons comprising: supersaturating a hydrocarbonaceous liquid or slurry stream in a high shear device with a gas stream comprising steam or hydrogen and optionally one or more C1-C6 hydrocarbons to form a supersaturated dispersion; and introducing the supersaturated dispersion into a thermal cracking or steam cracking reactor to generate a product stream. In some embodiments, the method further comprises contacting the supersaturated dispersion with a cracking catalyst in a slurry, a fluidized catalyst bed, or a fixed catalyst bed. In some embodiments, the cracking catalyst is mixed with the hydrocarbonaceous liquid or slurry stream and the gas stream in the high shear device. Herein also disclosed is a system for thermal cracking or steam cracking of hydrocarbons.
Herein disclosed in a method comprising: shearing a feed comprising a solid component in a high shear device to produce a product, at least a portion of which comprises sheared solids; and separating at least some of the sheared solids from the product to produce a component-reduced product, wherein the solid component in the feed stream comprises a first particle density, and wherein the sheared solids in the product comprise a second particle density greater than the first particle density. In some embodiments, the solid component of the feed comprises gas trapped therein, and wherein at least a portion of said gas is released from the solid component upon shearing. Herein also is disclosed a method of comminuting solids in a feed stream comprising a solid component by processing the feed stream in a high shear device to produce a product stream comprising comminuted solids.
C10G 25/06 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en l'absence d'hydrogène, au moyen d'absorbants ou d'adsorbants solides avec absorbants ou adsorbants mobiles, ou absorbants ou adsorbants dispersés dans l'huile
10.
SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR CATALYTIC CRACKING AND REFORMING
Herein disclosed is a method for catalytic cracking or reforming of hydrocarbons comprising: supersaturating a hydrocarbonaceous liquid or slurry stream in a high shear device with a gas stream comprising one or more C1-C6 hydrocarbons and optionally hydrogen to form a supersaturated dispersion; introducing the supersaturated dispersion into a catalytic cracking or reforming reactor in the presence of a cracking or reforming catalyst to generate a product stream. In some embodiments, the catalyst is present as a slurry or a fluidized or fixed bed of catalyst. In some embodiments, the cracking or reforming catalyst is mixed with the hydrocarbonaceous liquid or slurry stream and the gas stream in the high shear device. Herein also disclosed is a system for catalytic cracking or reforming of hydrocarbons.
C10G 11/14 - Craquage catalytique, en l'absence d'hydrogène, des huiles d'hydrocarbures avec catalyseurs solides mobiles préchauffés
C10G 45/14 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieurHydrofinissage avec des particules solides en mouvement
Herein disclosed is a method for coal liquefaction comprising: supersaturating a hydrocarbonaceous liquid stream in a high shear device with a gas stream comprising hydrogen and optionally one or more C1-C6 hydrocarbons to form a supersaturated dispersion; and contacting the supersaturated dispersion with coal in the high shear device or in a coal liquefaction reactor to generate a product stream. In some embodiments, the method further comprises utilizing a conversion catalyst, wherein the catalyst is provided as a slurry, a fluidized bed, or a fixed bed. In some embodiments, the method further comprises feeding a conversion catalyst into the high shear device. In some embodiments, the method further comprises recycling at least a portion of an off gas from the reactor, recycling at least a portion of the product stream from the reactor, or both. Herein also disclosed is a system for coal liquefaction.
C10G 1/06 - Production de mélanges liquides d'hydrocarbures à partir de schiste bitumineux, de sable pétrolifère ou de matières carbonées solides non fusibles ou similaires, p. ex. bois, charbon par hydrogénation destructive
C10G 45/04 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieurHydrofinissage caractérisé par le catalyseur utilisé
C10B 53/04 - Distillation destructive spécialement conçue pour des matières premières solides particulières ou sous forme spéciale de charbon pulvérulent
Herein disclosed is a catalyst composition for producing organic compounds comprising (a) a catalyst that promotes the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) and a methane steam reforming (MSR) catalyst, wherein the catalyst composition causes oxidative dehydrogenation to form reactive species and oligomerization of the reactive species to produce the organic compounds; or (b) a catalyst that promotes syngas generation (SG) and a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) catalyst wherein the catalyst composition causes non-oxidative dehydrogenation to form reactive species and oligomerization of the reactive species to produce the organic compounds; or (c) a SG catalyst, a MSR catalyst, and a FT catalyst wherein the catalyst composition causes non-oxidative dehydrogenation to form reactive species and oligomerization of the reactive species to produce the organic compounds; or (d) a FT catalyst and a MSR catalyst wherein the catalyst composition causes reforming reactions and chain growing reactions to produce the organic compounds.
Herein disclosed is a reactor comprising a housing; an inlet tube having a section with perforations along its length, wherein the inlet tube section is within the reactor housing; an outlet tube having a section with perforations along its length, wherein the outlet tube section is within the reactor housing; and at least one cylinder made of sintered metal contained within the reactor housing, wherein the sintered metal is catalytically active. In some cases, the sintered metal in the reactor comprises a porous metallic multifunctional (PMM) catalyst. Other reactor designs and the method of use are also described herein.
B01J 19/24 - Réacteurs fixes sans élément interne mobile
C01B 3/26 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par décomposition de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides d'hydrocarbures avec des catalyseurs
A method for culturing algae comprising, forming an emulsion comprising a gaseous stream and a media utilizing a high shear device, wherein the emulsion comprises gas bubbles, and wherein the high shear device comprises at least one toothed rotor and at least one stator; introducing the emulsion into a bioreactor; and introducing an algae into the bioreactor for growing the algae culture. Additionally, a method for producing liquids from an algae culture, the method comprising forming an emulsion comprising a buffer and algal components, wherein the emulsion comprises algal component globules; separating algal hydrocarbons; and processing algal hydrocarbons to form liquid hydrocarbons. Additionally, a system for producing liquids from an algae culture comprising at least one high shear device.
C12N 5/00 - Cellules non différenciées humaines, animales ou végétales, p. ex. lignées cellulairesTissusLeur culture ou conservationMilieux de culture à cet effet
C12N 5/02 - Propagation de cellules individuelles ou de cellules en suspensionLeur conservationMilieux de culture à cet effet
C12M 1/00 - Appareillage pour l'enzymologie ou la microbiologie
In this disclosure, a method is described wherein the method comprises mixing a therapeutic gas or a therapeutic liquid or a combination thereof and a liquid carrier in a high shear device to produce a dispersion; and administering the produced dispersion intravenously to a patient; wherein the produced dispersion contains nanobubbles of the therapeutic gas or droplets of the therapeutic liquid with a mean diameter of less than about 1.5 μm. In this disclosure, a system is also described wherein the system comprises a therapeutic gas source or a therapeutic liquid source or a combination thereof; a liquid carrier source; a high shear device (HSD) having an inlet, an outlet, at least one rotor, and at least one stator separated by a shear gap; and a pump configured to control the flow rate and residence time of a fluid passing through the high shear device.
A61J 3/00 - Dispositifs ou procédés spécialement conçus pour donner à des produits pharmaceutiques une forme physique déterminée ou une forme propre à leur administration
B01F 7/00 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins
B01F 13/10 - Installations pour effectuer des mélanges comprenant des combinaisons de mélangeurs de types différents
A61M 5/142 - Perfusion sous pression, p. ex. utilisant des pompes
A61K 9/00 - Préparations médicinales caractérisées par un aspect particulier
16.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR LIQUID PHASE REACTIONS USING HIGH SHEAR
A method of reacting one or more components in a liquid phase to form an organic product, the method including feeding a carbon-based gas to a high shear device; feeding a hydrogen-based liquid medium to the high shear device; using the high shear device to form a dispersion comprising the carbon-based gas and the hydrogen-based liquid medium, wherein the dispersion comprises gas bubbles with a mean diameter of less than about 5 μm; introducing the dispersion into a reactor; and reacting the dispersion to produce the organic product.
A system for the production of aerated fuels, the system including a high shear device configured to produce an emulsion of aerated fuel comprising gas bubbles dispersed in a liquid fuel, wherein the gas bubbles in the emulsion have an average bubble diameter of less than about 5 μm, and an internal combustion engine configured for the combustion of the emulsion, and wherein the gas comprises at least one component selected from the group consisting of air, water vapor, methanol, nitrous oxide, propane, nitromethane, oxalate, organic nitrates, acetone, kerosene, toluene, and methyl-cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl.
Herein disclosed is a method of processing oil, comprising providing a high shear device comprising at least one rotor and at least one complementarily-shaped stator configured to mix a gas with a liquid; contacting a gas with an oil in the high shear device, wherein the gas is an inert gas or a reactive gas; and forming a product, wherein the product is a solution, a dispersion, or combination thereof. Herein also disclosed is a high shear system for processing oil, comprising; at least one high shear device, having an inlet and at least one rotor and at least one complementarily-shaped stator configured to mix a gas with a liquid; a gas source fluidly connected to the inlet; an oil source fluidly connected to the inlet; and a pump positioned upstream of a high shear device, the pump in fluid connection with the inlet and the oil source.
A system for converting a first substance into a second substance, the system including a mixing reactor configured to provide a reactant mixture comprising a first reactant, a second reactant, and a solvent; and a high shear device fluidly connected to the mixing reactor, wherein the high shear device comprises at least one rotor/stator set comprising a rotor and a complementarily-shaped stator symmetrically positioned about an axis of rotation and separated by a shear gap, wherein the shear gap is in the range of from about 10 microns to about 250 microns; and a motor configured for rotating the rotor about the axis of rotation, whereby energy can be transferred from the rotor to the reactants thereby inducing reactions between the first reactant and the second reactant to form a product.
Herein disclosed is a method of processing oil, comprising providing a high shear device comprising at least one rotor and at least one complementarily-shaped stator configured to mix a gas with a liquid; contacting a gas with an oil in the high shear device, wherein the gas is an inert gas or a reactive gas; and forming a product, wherein the product is a solution, a dispersion, or combination thereof. Herein also disclosed is a high shear system for processing oil, comprising; at least one high shear device, having an inlet and at least one rotor and at least one complementarily-shaped stator configured to mix a gas with a liquid; a gas source fluidly connected to the inlet; an oil source fluidly connected to the inlet; and a pump positioned upstream of a high shear device, the pump in fluid connection with the inlet and the oil source.
In this disclosure, a method is described wherein the method comprises mixing a therapeutic gas or a therapeutic liquid or a combination thereof and a liquid carrier in a high shear device to produce a dispersion; and administering the produced dispersion intravenously to a patient; wherein the produced dispersion contains nanobubbles of the therapeutic gas or droplets of the therapeutic liquid with a mean diameter of less than about 1.5 μm. In this disclosure, a method is described wherein the method comprises mixing a therapeutic gas or a therapeutic liquid or a combination thereof and a liquid carrier in a high shear device to produce a therapeutic fluid, wherein said therapeutic fluid is a solution, a dispersion, or combination thereof and administering the produced therapeutic fluid intravenously to a patient; wherein the solution is supersaturated with the therapeutic gas, the therapeutic liquid, or combination thereof.
A61M 5/00 - Dispositifs pour faire pénétrer des agents dans le corps par introduction sous-cutanée, intravasculaire ou intramusculaireAccessoires à cet effet, p. ex. dispositifs de remplissage ou de nettoyage, appuis-bras
A61M 5/14 - Dispositifs de perfusion, p. ex. perfusion par gravitéPerfusion sanguineAccessoires à cet effet
B01F 7/00 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins
B01F 13/10 - Installations pour effectuer des mélanges comprenant des combinaisons de mélangeurs de types différents
A61K 41/00 - Préparations médicinales obtenues par traitement de substances par énergie ondulatoire ou par rayonnement corpusculaire
A61K 9/00 - Préparations médicinales caractérisées par un aspect particulier
A61K 45/06 - Mélanges d'ingrédients actifs sans caractérisation chimique, p. ex. composés antiphlogistiques et pour le cœur
Herein disclosed is a method of processing oil, comprising providing a high shear device comprising at least one rotor and at least one complementarily-shaped stator configured to mix a gas with a liquid; contacting a gas with an oil in the high shear device, wherein the gas is an inert gas or a reactive gas; and forming a product, wherein the product is a solution, a dispersion, or combination thereof. Herein also disclosed is a high shear system for processing oil, comprising; at least one high shear device, having an inlet and at least one rotor and at least one complementarily-shaped stator configured to mix a gas with a liquid; a gas source fluidly connected to the inlet; an oil source fluidly connected to the inlet; and a pump positioned upstream of a high shear device, the pump in fluid connection with the inlet and the oil source.
A23L 3/3418 - Conservation des aliments ou produits alimentaires, en général, p.ex. pasteurisation ou stérilisation, spécialement adaptée aux aliments ou produits alimentaires par traitement au moyen de produits chimiques sous forme de gaz, p.ex. fumigation; Compositions ou appareils à cet effet en atmosphère contrôlée, p.ex. sous vide partiel, comportant uniquement les gaz suivants: CO2, N2, O2 ou H2O
B01F 7/00 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins
B01F 13/10 - Installations pour effectuer des mélanges comprenant des combinaisons de mélangeurs de types différents
A23D 9/007 - Autres huiles ou graisses comestibles, p. ex. huiles pour cuisson caractérisées par des ingrédients autres que des triglycérides d'acides gras
A method of removing sulfur from sour oil by subjecting sour oil having a first sulfur content to high shear in the presence of at least one desulfurizing agent to produce a high shear treated stream, wherein the at least one desulfurizing agent is selected from the group consisting of bases and inorganic salts, and separating both a sulfur-rich product and a sweetened oil product from the high shear-treated stream, wherein the sulfur-rich product comprises elemental sulfur and wherein the sweetened oil product has a second sulfur content that is less than the first sulfur content. A system for reducing the sulfur content of sour oil via at least one high shear device comprising at least one rotor and at least one complementarily-shaped stator, and at least one separation device configured to separate a sulfur-rich product and sweetened oil from the high shear-treated stream.
C10G 31/10 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en l'absence d'hydrogène, par des méthodes non prévues ailleurs avec l'aide de la force centrifuge
C10G 45/02 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieurHydrofinissage
B01F 7/00 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins
B01F 13/10 - Installations pour effectuer des mélanges comprenant des combinaisons de mélangeurs de types différents
C10G 31/09 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en l'absence d'hydrogène, par des méthodes non prévues ailleurs par filtration
C10G 19/02 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en l'absence d'hydrogène, par un traitement alcalin avec des solutions aqueuses alcalines
A method of removing sulfur from sour oil by subjecting sour oil having a first sulfur content to high shear in the presence of at least one desulfurizing agent to produce a high shear treated stream, wherein the at least one desulfurizing agent is selected from the group consisting of bases and inorganic salts, and separating both a sulfur-rich product and a sweetened oil product from the high shear-treated stream, wherein the sulfur-rich product comprises elemental sulfur and wherein the sweetened oil product has a second sulfur content that is less than the first sulfur content. A system for reducing the sulfur content of sour oil via at least one high shear device comprising at least one rotor and at least one complementarily-shaped stator, and at least one separation device configured to separate a sulfur-rich product and sweetened oil from the high shear-treated stream.
A method and system for processing naphtha, including a high shear mechanical device. In one embodiment, the method comprises forming a dispersion of gas in a naphtha hydrocarbon liquid in a high shear device prior to introduction in a cracking reactor/furnace. In another instance the system for processing naphtha comprises a high shear device for mechanically shearing hydrocarbons.
C10G 9/14 - Craquage thermique non catalytique, en l'absence d'hydrogène, des huiles d'hydrocarbures dans des tubes ou serpentins avec ou sans dispositifs auxiliaires, p. ex. "digesteurs", chambres de maturation, dispositifs d'expansion
C10G 9/40 - Craquage thermique non catalytique, en l'absence d'hydrogène, des huiles d'hydrocarbures par contact indirect avec un fluide préchauffé autre que des gaz de combustion chauds
C10G 31/00 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en l'absence d'hydrogène, par des méthodes non prévues ailleurs
B01F 13/10 - Installations pour effectuer des mélanges comprenant des combinaisons de mélangeurs de types différents
C10G 15/08 - Craquage des huiles d'hydrocarbures par des moyens électriques, par des vibrations électromagnétiques ou mécaniques, par des radiations particulaires ou avec des gaz surchauffés dans des arcs électriques par des moyens électriques ou par des vibrations électromagnétiques ou mécaniques
C10G 9/00 - Craquage thermique non catalytique, en l'absence d'hydrogène, des huiles d'hydrocarbures
B01F 7/00 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins
Herein disclosed is a method of hydrating an alkylene oxide. In an embodiment, the method comprises (a) forming a first stream comprising an alkylene oxide and water; (b) flowing the first stream through a high shear device to produce a second stream; and (c) recovering an alkylene glycol from the second stream. In some embodiments, the method further comprises contacting the second stream with a catalyst in a reactor to hydrate the alkylene oxide and form the alkylene glycol. In some embodiments, alkylene oxide comprises ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, producing the second stream comprises an energy expenditure of at least about 1000 W/m3. In some embodiments, the catalyst comprises an amine, an acid catalyst, an organometallic compound, an alkali metal halide, a quaternary ammonium halide, a zeolite, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the alkylene glycol comprises ethylene glycol.
C07C 29/10 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes hydroxyle ou O-métal liés à un atome de carbone ne faisant pas partie d'un cycle aromatique à six chaînons par hydrolyse d'éthers, y compris d'éthers cycliques, p. ex. d'oxiranes
B01J 19/18 - Réacteurs fixes avec éléments internes mobiles
B01F 7/26 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins avec agitateurs tournant autour d'un axe vertical à disques rotatifs
In this disclosure, a method is described wherein the method comprises mixing a therapeutic gas or a therapeutic liquid or a combination thereof and a liquid carrier in a high shear device to produce a dispersion; and administering the produced dispersion intravenously to a patient; wherein the produced dispersion contains nanobubbles of the therapeutic gas or droplets of the therapeutic liquid with a mean diameter of less than about 1.5 μm. In this disclosure, a system is also described wherein the system comprises a therapeutic gas source or a therapeutic liquid source or a combination thereof; a liquid carrier source; a high shear device (HSD) having an inlet, an outlet, at least one rotor, and at least one stator separated by a shear gap; and a pump configured to control the flow rate and residence time of a fluid passing through the high shear device.
A61M 5/14 - Dispositifs de perfusion, p. ex. perfusion par gravitéPerfusion sanguineAccessoires à cet effet
A61M 5/142 - Perfusion sous pression, p. ex. utilisant des pompes
A61M 5/168 - Moyens pour commander l'écoulement des agents vers le corps ou pour doser les agents à introduire dans le corps, p. ex. compteurs de goutte-à-goutte
A61J 3/00 - Dispositifs ou procédés spécialement conçus pour donner à des produits pharmaceutiques une forme physique déterminée ou une forme propre à leur administration
In this disclosure, methods and systems for drug delivery utilizing high shear are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method comprises (1) subjecting a therapeutic fluid containing a drug to high shear; and (2) obtaining a processed therapeutic fluid, wherein the processed therapeutic fluid contains the drug in nano-size. In an embodiment, a method comprises (1) subjecting a drug carrier and a therapeutic fluid containing a drug to high shear; and (2) obtaining a processed therapeutic fluid, wherein the processed therapeutic fluid contains the drug carrier loaded with the drug. In an embodiment, a method comprises (1) applying high shear to a drug carrier and a therapeutic fluid containing a drug; (2) obtaining a processed therapeutic fluid, wherein the processed therapeutic fluid contains the drug-loaded carrier; and (3) modifying the drug-loaded carrier with a targeting moiety to obtain a modified drug-loaded carrier.
A61J 3/00 - Dispositifs ou procédés spécialement conçus pour donner à des produits pharmaceutiques une forme physique déterminée ou une forme propre à leur administration
A61M 5/14 - Dispositifs de perfusion, p. ex. perfusion par gravitéPerfusion sanguineAccessoires à cet effet
In this disclosure, methods and systems for drug delivery utilizing high shear are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method comprises (1) subjecting a therapeutic fluid containing a drug to high shear; and (2) obtaining a processed therapeutic fluid, wherein the processed therapeutic fluid contains the drug in nano-size. In an embodiment, a method comprises (1) subjecting a drug carrier and a therapeutic fluid containing a drug to high shear; and (2) obtaining a processed therapeutic fluid, wherein the processed therapeutic fluid contains the drug carrier loaded with the drug. In an embodiment, a method comprises (1) applying high shear to a drug carrier and a therapeutic fluid containing a drug; (2) obtaining a processed therapeutic fluid, wherein the processed therapeutic fluid contains the drug-loaded carrier; and (3) modifying the drug-loaded carrier with a targeting moiety to obtain a modified drug-loaded carrier.
In this disclosure, a method is described wherein the method comprises mixing a therapeutic gas or a therapeutic liquid or a combination thereof and a liquid carrier in a high shear device to produce a dispersion; and administering the produced dispersion intravenously to a patient; wherein the produced dispersion contains nanobubbles of the therapeutic gas or droplets of the therapeutic liquid with a mean diameter of less than about 1.5 μm. In this disclosure, a system is also described wherein the system comprises a therapeutic gas source or a therapeutic liquid source or a combination thereof; a liquid carrier source; a high shear device (HSD) having an inlet, an outlet, at least one rotor, and at least one stator separated by a shear gap; and a pump configured to control the flow rate and residence time of a fluid passing through the high shear device.
A61M 5/00 - Dispositifs pour faire pénétrer des agents dans le corps par introduction sous-cutanée, intravasculaire ou intramusculaireAccessoires à cet effet, p. ex. dispositifs de remplissage ou de nettoyage, appuis-bras
A61J 3/00 - Dispositifs ou procédés spécialement conçus pour donner à des produits pharmaceutiques une forme physique déterminée ou une forme propre à leur administration
B01F 7/00 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins
B01F 13/10 - Installations pour effectuer des mélanges comprenant des combinaisons de mélangeurs de types différents
A61M 5/142 - Perfusion sous pression, p. ex. utilisant des pompes
A61K 9/00 - Préparations médicinales caractérisées par un aspect particulier
A method for culturing algae comprising, forming an emulsion comprising a gaseous stream and a media utilizing a high shear device, wherein the emulsion comprises gas bubbles, and wherein the high shear device comprises at least one toothed rotor and at least one stator; introducing the emulsion into a bioreactor; and introducing an algae into the bioreactor for growing the algae culture. Additionally, a method for producing liquids from an algae culture, the method comprising forming an emulsion comprising a buffer and algal components, wherein the emulsion comprises algal component globules; separating algal hydrocarbons; and processing algal hydrocarbons to form liquid hydrocarbons. Additionally, a system for producing liquids from an algae culture comprising at least one high shear device.
C12P 7/64 - GraissesHuilesCires de type esterAcides gras supérieurs, c.-à-d. ayant une chaîne continue d'au moins sept atomes de carbone liée à un groupe carboxyleHuiles ou graisses oxydées
C12N 1/12 - Algues unicellulairesLeurs milieux de culture
C07C 51/43 - SéparationPurificationStabilisationEmploi d'additifs par changement de l'état physique, p. ex. par cristallisation
F01D 1/02 - "Machines" ou machines motrices à déplacement non positif, p. ex. turbines à vapeur avec des moyens stationnaires de guidage de fluide de travail et un rotor à ailettes ou de structure analogue
C12M 1/00 - Appareillage pour l'enzymologie ou la microbiologie
A method for halogenating, sulfonating, or sulfo-halogenating a feed comprising paraffin, by subjecting a mixture comprising the feed and a reagent selected from the group consisting of sulfonating agents, halogenating agents, and combinations thereof to a shear rate of at least 20,000s-1 to produce a high-shear treated product; cooling the high shear-treated product by heat exchange with a heat transfer medium, to produce a cooled product; and separating the high shear-treated product into an offgas and a liquid product comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of sulfonated paraffins, halogenated paraffins, and sulfo-halogenated paraffins. A high shear system for the production of halogenated, sulfonated, or sulfo-halogenated paraffin is also provided.
B01J 19/18 - Réacteurs fixes avec éléments internes mobiles
B01J 10/00 - Procédés chimiques généraux faisant réagir un liquide avec des milieux gazeux autrement qu'en présence de particules solidesAppareillage spécialement adapté à cet effet
A method and system for processing naphtha, including a high shear mechanical device. In one embodiment, the method comprises forming a dispersion of gas in a naphtha hydrocarbon liquid in a high shear device prior to introduction in a cracking reactor/furnace. In another instance the system for processing naphtha comprises a high shear device for mechanically shearing hydrocarbons.
B01F 3/04 - Mélange, p.ex. dispersion, émulsion, selon les phases à mélanger de gaz ou de vapeurs avec des liquides
B01F 5/06 - Mélangeurs dans lesquels les composants du mélange sont pressés ensemble au travers de fentes, d'orifices, ou de tamis
C07C 4/02 - Préparations d'hydrocarbures à partir d'hydrocarbures contenant un plus grand nombre d'atomes de carbone par craquage d'un hydrocarbure unique ou d'un mélange d'hydrocarbures individuellement définis ou d'une fraction d'hydrocarbures normalement gazeux
Disclosed herein is a method for cyclohexane oxidation. The method comprises a) forming a dispersion comprising liquid cyclohexane and an oxidant gas utilizing a high shear device, wherein the dispersion comprises oxidant gas bubbles with a mean diameter of less than about 5 µm, and wherein the high shear device comprises at least one rotor and at least one stator; and b) hydrogenating the dispersion in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to form a product comprising cyclohexanol or cyclohexanone. In some embodiments, the oxidant comprises air, oxygen-enriched air, oxygen, or an oxygen-containing gas. In some embodiments, step a) of the method comprises forming the dispersion in the presence of an oxidation catalyst. Also disclosed herein is a system for oxidizing cyclohexane.
C07C 29/50 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes hydroxyle ou O-métal liés à un atome de carbone ne faisant pas partie d'un cycle aromatique à six chaînons par des réactions d'oxydation avec formation de groupes hydroxyle uniquement par l'oxygène moléculaire
C07C 35/08 - Composés comportant au moins un groupe hydroxyle ou O-métal lié à un atome de carbone d'un cycle autre qu'un cycle aromatique à six chaînons monocycliques contenant des cycles à six chaînons
C07C 45/33 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes C=O liés uniquement à des atomes de carbone ou d'hydrogènePréparation des chélates de ces composés par oxydation avec l'oxygène moléculaire de restes —CHx
C07C 49/403 - Composés saturés comportant un groupe cétone faisant partie d'un cycle d'un cycle à six chaînons
B01J 19/18 - Réacteurs fixes avec éléments internes mobiles
35.
BITUMEN EXTRACTION AND ASPHALTENE REMOVAL FROM HEAVY CRUDE USING HIGH SHEAR
Herein disclosed is a method of removing at least one component from a feed by subjecting the feed to high shear in the presence of carbon dioxide to produce a high shear-treated product and separating the at least one component from the high shear-treated product to produce a component-reduced product. Also disclosed is a method of removing asphaltenes from asphaltenic oil by subjecting the asphaltenic oil to a shear rate of at least 10,000s-1 in the presence of carbon dioxide to produce a high shear-treated product and separating asphaltenes from the high shear-treated product to produce an asphaltene-reduced product oil. Systems are also provided for carrying out the methods.
C10G 1/04 - Production de mélanges liquides d'hydrocarbures à partir de schiste bitumineux, de sable pétrolifère ou de matières carbonées solides non fusibles ou similaires, p. ex. bois, charbon par extraction
C10G 31/00 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en l'absence d'hydrogène, par des méthodes non prévues ailleurs
C07C 7/00 - Purification, séparation ou stabilisation d'hydrocarburesEmploi d'additifs
C10C 3/00 - Traitement du brai, de l'asphalte, du bitume
A method for culturing algae comprising, forming an emulsion comprising a gaseous stream and a media utilizing a high shear device, wherein the emulsion comprises gas bubbles, and wherein the high shear device comprises at least one toothed rotor and at least one stator; introducing the emulsion into a bioreactor; and introducing an algae into the bioreactor for growing the algae culture. Additionally, a method for producing liquids from an algae culture, the method comprising forming an emulsion comprising a buffer and algal components, wherein the emulsion comprises algal component globules; separating algal hydrocarbons; and processing algal hydrocarbons to form liquid hydrocarbons. Additionally, a system for producing liquids from an algae culture comprising at least one high shear device.
C12N 1/12 - Algues unicellulairesLeurs milieux de culture
C12M 3/02 - Appareillage pour la culture de tissus, de cellules humaines, animales ou végétales, ou de virus comportant des moyens fournissant des suspensions
C12M 1/04 - Appareillage pour l'enzymologie ou la microbiologie avec des moyens d'introduction de gaz
C12P 7/06 - Éthanol en tant que produit chimique et non en tant que boisson alcoolique
C12P 5/02 - Préparation des hydrocarbures acycliques
In this disclosure, a system is described, comprising a shear device with at least one inlet and at least one outlet and a mixing vessel with at least one inlet and at least one outlet, wherein an inlet of the shear device is in fluid communication with an outlet of the mixing vessel. In certain embodiments, the shear device and the mixing vessel form a loop for fluid communication. Also disclosed herein is a method of high shear oxidation, comprising mixing an oxidant with a substrate to form a substrate-oxidant mixture and applying shear to the substrate-oxidant mixture to form a product. The product includes ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, terephthalic acid, phenol, acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, nitric acid, caprolactam, oxidized polyethylene, oxidized polypropylene, oxidized polyethylene copolymers, and oxidized polypropylene copolymers. Suitable oxidant includes air, oxygen, ozone, peroxide, organic peroxide, halogen, oxygen-containing gas, and halogen-containing gas.
Herein disclosed is an apparatus comprising (1) a porous rotor symmetrically positioned about an axis of rotation and surrounding an interior space; (2) an outer casing, wherein the outer casing and the rotor are separated by an annular space; (3) a motor configured for rotating the rotor about the axis of rotation; (4) a feed inlet positioned along the axis of rotation and fluidly connected with the interior space; and (5) a first outlet, wherein the first outlet is fluidly connected with the interior space. Herein disclosed is a system, comprising at least one disclosed apparatus. Herein disclosed is also a method of separating a feed gas into a first fraction and a second fraction, wherein the first fraction has an average molecular weight lower than the average molecular weight of the second fraction.
B01D 45/14 - Séparation de particules dispersées dans des gaz ou des vapeurs par gravité, inertie ou force centrifuge en utilisant la force centrifuge produite par des pales, disques, tambours ou brosses rotatives
B01D 53/24 - Séparation de gaz ou de vapeursRécupération de vapeurs de solvants volatils dans les gazÉpuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p. ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par force centrifuge
B04B 5/08 - Centrifugeurs pour séparer des mélanges essentiellement gazeux
Herein disclosed is an apparatus, which comprises (1) a first cylindrical, porous, catalytic rotor symmetrically positioned about an axis of rotation and surrounding a first interior space; wherein the first porous catalytic rotor comprises a first catalyst; (2) an outer casing, wherein the outer casing and the rotor are separated by an annular space; (3) a motor configured for rotating the rotor about the axis of rotation; (4) a feed inlet line; and (5) a first outlet line, wherein the first outlet line is fluidly connected with the annular space. Herein disclosed is also a method comprising: (1) passing a feed gas comprising at least one gaseous reactant through a porous, catalytic rotor, wherein the porous, catalytic rotor is permeable to the at least one gaseous reactant and is made from or contains a catalyst effective for catalyzing a first reaction; and (2) extracting a first desired product.
B01J 8/10 - Procédés chimiques ou physiques en général, conduits en présence de fluides et de particules solidesAppareillage pour de tels procédés avec des particules mobiles mues par des agitateurs ou par des tambours rotatifs ou par des récipients tournants
B01J 15/00 - Procédés chimiques généraux faisant réagir des milieux gazeux avec des solides non particulaires, p. ex. des matériaux en feuillesAppareillage spécialement adapté à cet effet
B01J 19/18 - Réacteurs fixes avec éléments internes mobiles
B01J 35/10 - Catalyseurs caractérisés par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques, en général solides caractérisés par leurs propriétés de surface ou leur porosité
Embodiments disclosed herein describe a system for producing enhanced wax alternatives. The system comprises a reactor with at least one inlet and one outlet and at least one high shear mixing device with at least one inlet and one outlet. The at least one outlet of said high shear mixing device is in fluid communication with at least one inlet of said reactor. The high shear mixing device may comprise counter rotating rotors. The high shear mixing device may also comprise at least one catalytic surface. Embodiments disclosed herein also describe a method of producing enhanced wax alternatives. The method comprises (1) providing petroleum wax and base oil; (2) mixing said petroleum wax and base oil with a hydrogen-containing gas in a high shear device to form a feedstock; and (3) hydrogenating said feedstock for a time sufficient to produce enhanced hydrogenated products.
C11C 3/12 - Graisses, huiles ou acides gras obtenus par transformation chimique des graisses, huiles ou acides gras, p. ex. ozonolyse par hydrogénation
41.
PROCESS FOR HYDRODESULFURIZATION, HYDRODENITROGENATION, HYDROFINISHING, OR AMINE PRODUCTION
Herein disclosed is a method for hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, hydrofinishing, amine production or a combination thereof. The method comprises forming a dispersion comprising hydrogen-containing gas bubbles dispersed in a liquid feedstock, wherein the bubbles have a mean diameter of less than about 5 μm and wherein the feedstock comprises a mixture of petroleum-derived hydrocarbons and a naturally derived renewable oil. The feedstock comprises hydrocarbons selected from the group consisting of liquid natural gas, crude oil, crude oil fractions, gasoline, diesel, naphtha, kerosene, jet fuel, fuel oils, and combinations thereof. The method further comprises contacting the dispersion with a catalyst that is active for hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, hydrofinishing, amine production, or a combination thereof. The catalyst comprises homogeneous catalysts and heterogeneous catalysts. The catalyst may be utilized in fixed-bed or slurry applications.
C10G 47/00 - Craquage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en présence d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène, pour obtenir des fractions à point d'ébullition inférieur
B01J 23/40 - Catalyseurs contenant des métaux, oxydes ou hydroxydes métalliques non prévus dans le groupe des métaux nobles des métaux du groupe du platine
In this disclosure, a system is described, comprising a shear device with at least one inlet and at least one outlet and a mixing vessel with at least one inlet and at least one outlet, wherein an inlet of the shear device is in fluid communication with an outlet of the mixing vessel. In certain embodiments, the shear device and the mixing vessel form a loop for fluid communication. Also disclosed herein is a method of high shear oxidation, comprising mixing an oxidant with a substrate to form a substrate-oxidant mixture and applying shear to the substrate-oxidant mixture to form a product. The product includes ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, terephthalic acid, phenol, acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, nitric acid, caprolactam, oxidized polyethylene, oxidized polypropylene, oxidized polyethylene copolymers, and oxidized polypropylene copolymers. Suitable oxidant includes air, oxygen, ozone, peroxide, organic peroxide, halogen, oxygen-containing gas, and halogen-containing gas.
A method and system for producing dispersed waxes, including a high shear mechanical device. In one embodiment, the method comprises forming a dispersion of wax globules in a carrier liquid in a high shear device prior to implementation in a waxy product. In another instance the system for producing waxy products comprises a high shear device for dispersing wax in a carrier liquid.
Herein disclosed is a system for applying shear stress ex-situ to a fluid. In some embodiments, the system comprises a shear device; and at least one device configured for intravenous administration of the fluid to a patient, the devices defining a fluid passage configured to be sterilized and maintained sterile during use, the fluid comprising at least one therapeutic fluid, blood, or a combination thereof. The shear device of the system is in fluid communication with the at least one device configured for intravenous administration of the fluid to a patient. Herein also disclosed is a method of preparing a fluid for intravenous administration to a patient.
A61M 5/14 - Dispositifs de perfusion, p. ex. perfusion par gravitéPerfusion sanguineAccessoires à cet effet
A61M 37/00 - Autres appareils pour introduire des agents dans le corpsPercutanisation, c.-à-d. introduction de médicaments dans le corps par diffusion à travers la peau
A method for removing hydrogen sulfide from a sour gas stream comprising hydrogen sulfide by oxidizing hydrogen sulfide in a converter by contacting the sour gas stream with an aqueous catalytic solution, thereby producing a desulfurized gas stream and a liquid stream comprising reduced catalyst and elemental sulfur, introducing an oxidant and the liquid stream comprising reduced catalyst and elemental sulfur into a high shear device and producing a dispersion wherein the mean bubble diameter of the oxidant gas in the dispersion is less than about 5 μm, introducing the dispersion into a vessel from which a sulfur-containing slurry is removed and a regenerated catalyst stream is removed, wherein the sulfur slurry comprises elemental sulfur and aqueous liquid, and recycling at least a portion of the regenerated catalyst stream to the converter. A system of apparatus for carrying out the method is also provided.
Use of a high shear mechanical device in a process to produce aerated fuels for efficient combustion in an engine. In instances, the method comprises forming an emulsion of a gas and liquid fuel in a high shear device prior to introduction to an engine. A vehicular system for producing aerated fuels comprising a high shear device.
F02B 45/10 - Moteurs caractérisés par leur fonctionnement avec d'autres combustibles non liquidesEnsembles fonctionnels comportant de tels moteurs fonctionnant avec un mélange de combustibles liquides et non liquides, p. ex. à l'état de pâte ou de mousse
B01F 3/00 - Mélange, p.ex. dispersion, émulsion, selon les phases à mélanger
B01F 7/16 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins avec agitateurs tournant autour d'un axe vertical
C10L 1/32 - Combustibles carbonés liquides consistant en suspensions charbon-huile ou émulsions aqueuses
Use of a high shear mechanical device in a process to produce aerated fuels for efficient combustion in an engine. In instances, the method comprises forming an emulsion of a gas and liquid fuel in a high shear device prior to introduction to an engine. A vehicular system for producing aerated fuels comprising a high shear device.
A reactor comprising at least one contact surface made from, coated with, or impregnated by a catalyst, wherein the contact surface comprises a sintered metal or a ceramic, and wherein the reactor is configured to subject a reactant stream to shear. A system for carrying out a heterogeneously catalyzed reaction, the system comprising a reactor as described above and a pump configured for delivering reactants to the at least one reactor. A method for carrying out a heterogeneously-catalyzed reaction by introducing reactants into a reactor comprising at least one contact surface made from, coated with, or impregnated by a catalyst under conditions which promote production of a desired product, wherein the contact surface comprises a sintered metal or a ceramic, and forming a dispersion of reactants within the reactor, wherein the dispersion comprises droplets or gas bubbles of reactant with an average diameter of less than about 5um.
B01J 8/04 - Procédés chimiques ou physiques en général, conduits en présence de fluides et de particules solidesAppareillage pour de tels procédés avec des particules immobiles, p. ex. dans des lits fixes le fluide passant successivement à travers plusieurs lits
B01J 8/10 - Procédés chimiques ou physiques en général, conduits en présence de fluides et de particules solidesAppareillage pour de tels procédés avec des particules mobiles mues par des agitateurs ou par des tambours rotatifs ou par des récipients tournants
B01J 19/28 - Réacteurs mobiles, p. ex. tambours rotatifs
49.
SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF FATTY ACIDS AND WAX ALTERNATIVES FROM TRIGLYCERIDES
A method of producing volatilized fatty acids by heating a feedstock comprising at least one fat or oil in a reactor under inert vacuum to volatilize fatty acids, and removing volatilized fatty acids from bottoms residue comprising cross-linked oil. A system for stripping fatty acids from triglycerides, the system comprising a reactor, heating apparatus and a vacuum pump capable of pulling a vacuum in the range of from 1 kPa to 50 kPa on the reactor. A system for producing a hydrogenated product including a reactor comprising an inlet for a stream comprising triglycerides, an outlet for volatilized fatty acids, and an outlet for a cross-linked product, heating apparatus, a vacuum pump capable of pulling a vacuum in the range of from 1 kPa to 50 kPa on the reactor, and a hydrogenation reactor, wherein an inlet of the hydrogenation reactor is fluidly connected to the outlet for cross-linked product.
−1 to produce a dispersion of hydrogen in a continuous phase of the liquid and introducing the dispersion into a fixed bed hydrodesulfurization reactor from which a reactor product is removed. Systems of apparatus for hydrodesulfurization are also presented.
A high shear mechanical device incorporated into a process and system for the production of cyclohexane is capable of decreasing mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing the cyclohexane production process. A system for the production of cyclohexane from benzene and hydrogen, the system comprising a reactor, solid catalyst, and a high shear device, the outlet of which is fluidly connected to the inlet of the reactor; the high shear device capable of providing an emulsion of hydrogen gas bubbles within a liquid comprising benzene, the bubbles having an average bubble diameter of less than about 100 μm.
C07C 5/10 - Préparation d'hydrocarbures à partir d'hydrocarbures contenant le même nombre d'atomes de carbone par hydrogénation de cycles aromatiques à six chaînons
52.
Process for water treatment using high shear device
−1 in a high shear device to produce a dispersion of treatment gas in a continuous phase of the feedwater. A system for treating feedwater to remove contaminants therefrom is also presented, the system comprising at least one high shear mixing device comprising at least one generator comprising a rotor and a stator separated by a shear gap; and a pump configured for delivering feedwater and treatment gas to the high shear mixing device.
B01D 21/01 - Séparation par sédimentation de particules solides en suspension dans des liquides en utilisant des agents de floculation
B01D 35/00 - Dispositifs filtrants ayant des particularités non couvertes spécifiquement par les groupes , applications non couvertes spécifiquement par les groupes Dispositifs auxiliaires pour la filtrationStructure du carter de filtre
Use of a high shear mechanical device incorporated into a process for the production of chloral as a reactor device is capable of decreasing mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing the chloral production process. A system for the production of chloral from acetaldehyde and chlorine, the system comprising a reactor and an external high shear device the outlet of which is fluidly connected to the inlet of the reactor; the high shear device capable of providing a dispersion of chlorine gas bubbles within a liquid, the bubbles having an average bubble diameter of less than about 100 &mgr;m.
C07C 45/63 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes C=O liés uniquement à des atomes de carbone ou d'hydrogènePréparation des chélates de ces composés par des réactions ne créant pas de groupe C=O par introduction d'atomes d'halogènePréparation de composés comportant des groupes C=O liés uniquement à des atomes de carbone ou d'hydrogènePréparation des chélates de ces composés par des réactions ne créant pas de groupe C=O par substitution d'atomes d'halogène par des atomes d'autres halogènes
C07C 45/00 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes C=O liés uniquement à des atomes de carbone ou d'hydrogènePréparation des chélates de ces composés
B01F 7/26 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins avec agitateurs tournant autour d'un axe vertical à disques rotatifs
54.
HIGH SHEAR PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CUMENE HYDROPEROXIDE
Use of a high shear mechanical device incorporated into a process for the production of cumene hydroperoxide as a mixer/reactor device is capable of decreasing mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing the cumene hydroperoxide production process. A system for the production of cumene hydroperoxide from oxidation of cumene, the system comprising a reactor and an high shear mixer the outlet of which is fluidly connected to the inlet of the reactor; the high shear mixer capable of providing a dispersion air gas bubbles within a liquid, the bubbles having an average bubble diameter of less than about 100 microns.
Use of a high shear mechanical device incorporated into a process for the production of cyclohexanol is capable of decreasing mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing the cyclohexanol production process. A system for the production of cyclohexanol from air oxidation of cyclohexane, the system comprising a high shear device, the outlet of the high shear device fluidly connected to the inlet of a reactor; the high shear device capable of providing a dispersion of air bubbles within a liquid comprising cyclohexane, the bubbles having an average bubble diameter of less than about 100 microns.
C07C 35/08 - Composés comportant au moins un groupe hydroxyle ou O-métal lié à un atome de carbone d'un cycle autre qu'un cycle aromatique à six chaînons monocycliques contenant des cycles à six chaînons
C07C 29/20 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes hydroxyle ou O-métal liés à un atome de carbone ne faisant pas partie d'un cycle aromatique à six chaînons par hydrogénation de liaisons doubles ou triples carbone-carbone dans des cycles aromatiques à six chaînons dans des cycles non condensés substitués par des groupes hydroxyle
A method for producing aniline or toluenediamine is disclosed which comprises forming a dispersion comprising hydrogen gas bubbles dispersed in a liquid medium comprising either nitrobenzene or dinitrotoluene, wherein the hydrogen gas bubbles have a mean diameter less than 1 micron; and subjecting the dispersion to hydrogenation reaction promoting conditions comprising pressure less than about 600 kPa and temperature less than about 200°C, whereby at least a portion of the nitrobenzene or dinitrotoluene is hydrogenated to form aniline or toluenediamine, respectively. A system for carrying out the method is also disclosed.
A method is disclosed for producing polyvinyl chloride which includes mixing a vinyl chloride solution with an initiator solution in at least one high shear mixing device comprising at least one rotor/stator set producing a rotor tip speed of at least 5.1 m/sec (1000 ft/min), to form a polymerization mixture; and allowing the mixture to polymerize by free radical polymerization to form polyvinyl chloride. The polymerization mixture may be subjected to free radical polymerization conditions comprising a temperature in the range of about 20°C to about 230°C. In some embodiments, the high shear mixing device produces a shear rate of at least 20,000 s-1. A system for carrying out the method is also disclosed.
A method for producing toluene diisocyanate is disclosed which comprises forming a dispersion comprising phosgene gas bubbles dispersed in toluene diamine liquid phase, wherein said gas bubbles have a mean diameter less than 1 micron; and subjecting the dispersion to phosgenation reaction conditions, whereby at least a portion of the toluene diamine is phosgenated to form toluene diisocyanate. A system for carrying out the phosgenation of toluene diamine is also disclosed.
A method for forming C2+ hydrocarbons by forming a dispersion comprising synthesis gas bubbles dispersed in a liquid phase comprising hydrocarbons in a high shear device, wherein the average bubble diameter of the synthesis gas bubbles is less than about 1.5 microns, introducing the dispersion into a reactor, and removing a product stream comprising C2+ hydrocarbons from the reactor. A system for converting carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas into C2+ hydrocarbons including at least one high shear mixing device comprising at least one rotor and at least one stator separated by a shear gap, wherein the high shear mixing device is capable of producing a tip speed of the at least one rotor of greater than 22.9 m/s (4,500 ft/min), and a pump configured for delivering a fluid stream comprising liquid medium to the high shear mixing device.
C07C 27/00 - Procédés impliquant la production simultanée de plusieurs classes de composés contenant de l'oxygène
C07C 1/06 - Préparation d'hydrocarbures à partir d'un ou plusieurs composés, aucun d'eux n'étant un hydrocarbure à partir d'oxydes de carbone à partir de monoxyde de carbone avec de l'hydrogène en présence de composés organiques, p. ex. d'hydrocarbures
B01J 23/00 - Catalyseurs contenant des métaux, oxydes ou hydroxydes métalliques non prévus dans le groupe
B01F 7/26 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins avec agitateurs tournant autour d'un axe vertical à disques rotatifs
A method for alkylating a hydrocarbon comprising at least one isoparaffin and at least one olefin by introducing liquid acid catalyst and the hydrocarbon into a high shear reactor, forming an emulsion comprising droplets comprising hydrocarbon in a continuous acid phase, wherein the droplets have a mean diameter of less than about 5 microns, introducing the emulsion into a vessel operating under suitable alkylation conditions whereby at least a portion of the isoparaffin is alkylated with the olefin to form alkylate, and removing a product stream comprising alkylate from the vessel. A system for carrying out the method is also disclosed.
A method for introducing inhibitor into a fluid to be treated by forming a dispersion comprising droplets, particles, or gas bubbles of the inhibitor dispersed in a continuous phase of a carrier, wherein the droplets, particles, or gas bubbles have a mean diameter of less than 5 microns, and wherein either the carrier is the fluid to be treated or the method further comprises introducing the dispersion into the fluid to be treated. A system for inhibiting an undesirable component, the system comprising at least one high shear mixing device comprising at least one generator comprising a rotor and a stator separated by a shear gap, wherein the high shear mixing device is capable of producing a tip speed of the rotor of greater than 22.9 m/s, and a pump for delivering a mixture of a carrier and an inhibitor to the high shear mixing device.
Use of a high shear mechanical device in a process for production of acetyl salicylic acid, by contacting acetic anhydride with salicylic acid in a high shear device. The disclosed process makes possible a decrease in mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing production of acetyl salicylic acid. A system for production of acetyl salicylic acid is also provided in which a reactor is configured to receive the output from a high shear device, which is configured to receive, via one or more inlets, acetic anhydride, and salicylic acid and generate a fine dispersion or emulsion of reactants.
A61K 31/616 - Acide salicyliqueSes dérivés ayant le groupe hydroxyle en position 2 estérifié, p. ex. acide salicylsulfurique par des acides carboxyliques, p. ex. acide acétylsalicylique
B01F 7/26 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins avec agitateurs tournant autour d'un axe vertical à disques rotatifs
Methods and systems for the synthesis of alcohol are described herein. The methods and systems incorporate the novel use of a high shear device to promote dispersion and solubility of olefins in water. The high shear device may allow for lower reaction temperatures and pressures and may also reduce reaction time. In an embodiment, a method of making an alcohol comprises introducing an olefin into a water stream to form a gas-liquid stream. The method further comprises flowing the gas-liquid stream through a high shear device so as to form a dispersion with gas bubbles having a mean diameter less than about 1 micron. In addition, the method comprises contacting the gas-liquid stream with a catalyst in a reactor to hydrate the olefin gas and form an alcohol.
C07C 29/04 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes hydroxyle ou O-métal liés à un atome de carbone ne faisant pas partie d'un cycle aromatique à six chaînons par addition de groupes hydroxyle à des liaisons carbone-carbone non saturées, p. ex. à l'aide de H2O2 par hydratation de liaisons doubles carbone-carbone
64.
SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF LIQUID PRODUCT FROM LIGHT GAS
A method for producing a product comprising at least one selected from C2+ hydrocarbons, oxygenates, and combinations thereof from light gas comprising one or more of carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, and methanol by forming a dispersion of light gas in a liquid feed, wherein the dispersion is formed at least in part with high shear forces and wherein at least one of the liquid feed and the light gas is a hydrogen source. A system for carrying out the method is also presented.
C07C 29/151 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes hydroxyle ou O-métal liés à un atome de carbone ne faisant pas partie d'un cycle aromatique à six chaînons par réduction exclusivement des oxydes de carbone avec de l'hydrogène ou des gaz contenant de l'hydrogène
B01F 7/26 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins avec agitateurs tournant autour d'un axe vertical à disques rotatifs
Methods and systems for preparing dialkyl ketones are described herein. The methods and systems incorporate the novel use of a high shear device to promote dispersion and solubility of carbon monoxide and hydrogen with the olefins (e.g. ethylene) in a liquid solvent. The high shear device may allow for lower reaction temperatures and pressures and may also reduce reaction time.
C07C 45/49 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes C=O liés uniquement à des atomes de carbone ou d'hydrogènePréparation des chélates de ces composés par réaction avec le monoxyde de carbone
C07C 49/04 - Composés saturés comportant des groupes cétone liés à des atomes de carbone acycliques
B01F 7/26 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins avec agitateurs tournant autour d'un axe vertical à disques rotatifs
Methods and systems for the hydrogenation of aldehydes and/or ketones are described herein. The methods and systems incorporate the novel use of a high shear device to promote dispersion and solubility of the hydrogen-containing gas (e.g. H2 gas) in the aldehydes and/or ketones. The high shear device may allow for lower reaction temperatures and pressures and may also reduce hydrogenation time with existing catalysts.
C07C 29/141 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes hydroxyle ou O-métal liés à un atome de carbone ne faisant pas partie d'un cycle aromatique à six chaînons par réduction d'un groupe fonctionnel contenant de l'oxygène de groupes contenant C=O, p. ex. —COOH d'un groupe —CHO avec de l'hydrogène ou des gaz contenant de l'hydrogène
C07C 1/207 - Préparation d'hydrocarbures à partir d'un ou plusieurs composés, aucun d'eux n'étant un hydrocarbure à partir de composés organiques ne renfermant que des atomes d'oxygène en tant qu'hétéro-atomes à partir de composés carbonylés
C07C 27/00 - Procédés impliquant la production simultanée de plusieurs classes de composés contenant de l'oxygène
B01F 7/26 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins avec agitateurs tournant autour d'un axe vertical à disques rotatifs
Methods and systems for the production of ethyl acetate are described herein. The methods and systems incorporate the novel use of a high shear device to promote dispersion and mixing of a carbonyl co-reactant (e.g. acetic acid, acetaldehyde) with ethanol. The high shear device may allow for lower reaction temperatures and pressures and may also reduce reaction time with existing catalysts.
A method of use for a high shear device incorporated into a process or system for the production of acetaldehyde from ethylene as a reactor device is shown to be capable of decreasing mass transfer limitations, by forming a feed stream emulsion, and thereby enhancing the acetaldehyde production process in the system.
C07C 51/12 - Préparation d'acides carboxyliques, de leurs sels, halogénures ou anhydrides par réaction avec du monoxyde de carbone sur un groupe contenant de l'oxygène d'un composé organique, p. ex. d'un alcool
C07C 51/15 - Préparation d'acides carboxyliques, de leurs sels, halogénures ou anhydrides par réaction de composés organiques avec l'anhydride carbonique, p. ex. synthèse de Kolbe-Schmitt
69.
HIGH SHEAR SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ACETIC ANHYDRIDE
A system and method for a high shear mechanical device incorporated into a process for the production of acetic anhydride as a reactor device is shown to be capable of decreasing mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing the process. A system for the production of acetic anhydride including the mixing of catalyst and acetic acid via a high shear device.
C07C 51/12 - Préparation d'acides carboxyliques, de leurs sels, halogénures ou anhydrides par réaction avec du monoxyde de carbone sur un groupe contenant de l'oxygène d'un composé organique, p. ex. d'un alcool
C07C 51/15 - Préparation d'acides carboxyliques, de leurs sels, halogénures ou anhydrides par réaction de composés organiques avec l'anhydride carbonique, p. ex. synthèse de Kolbe-Schmitt
70.
HIGH SHEAR PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BUTADIENE SULFONE
Use of a high shear mechanical device incorporated into a process for the production of sulfolene as a reactor device is capable of decreasing mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing the sulfolene production process. A system for the production of sulfolene from butadiene and sulfur dioxide, the system comprising a reactor and an external high shear mixer the outlet of which is fluidly connected to the inlet of the reactor; the high shear mixer capable of providing a dispersion of sulfur dioxide gas bubbles within a liquid, the bubbles having an average bubble diameter of less than about 100μm.
C07D 333/48 - Composés hétérocycliques contenant des cycles à cinq chaînons comportant un atome de soufre comme unique hétéro-atome du cycle non condensés avec d'autres cycles substitués sur l'atome de soufre du cycle par des atomes d'oxygène
C08F 34/04 - Homopolymères ou copolymères de composés cycliques ne contenant pas de radicaux aliphatiques non saturés dans une chaîne latérale et contenant une ou plusieurs liaisons doubles carbone-carbone dans un hétérocycle dans un cycle contenant du soufre
71.
HIGH SHEAR PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CHLOROBENZENE
Use of a high shear mechanical device incorporated into a process for the production of chlorobenzene is capable of decreasing mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing the chlorobenzene production process. A system for the production of chlorobenzene from benzene and chlorine, the system comprising a reactor and an external high shear device, the outlet of which is fluidly connected to the inlet of the reactor; the high shear device capable of providing a emulsion of chlorine gas bubbles within liquid benzene.
A method for producing benzoic acid or a methylbenzoic acid isomer is disclosed which comprises forming a dispersion comprising oxygen-containing gas bubbles dispersed in either toluene or an xylene isomer, wherein the bubbles have a mean diameter less than 1 micron. The dispersion is then subjected to reaction conditions comprising a pressure of less than about 1013 kPa and a temperature of less than about 160°C, whereby at least a portion of the toluene or xylene isomer is partially oxidized to form benzoic acid or the corresponding methylbenzoic acid isomer, respectively. In some embodiments, the methylbenzoic acid isomer is an intermediate compound, and the method further includes subjecting any unreacted xylene isomer and the intermediate compound to further oxidization, to form 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid, or 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid. A system or apparatus for performing the method is also disclosed.
C07C 65/21 - Composés comportant des groupes carboxyle liés à des atomes de carbone de cycles aromatiques à six chaînons et contenant l'un des groupes OH, O-métal, —CHO, cétone, éther, des groupes , des groupes ou des groupes contenant des groupes éther, des groupes , des groupes ou des groupes
A method for producing nitrobenzene is disclosed which comprises forming a dispersion comprising benzene-containing droplets or particles dispersed in a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid, wherein said particles have a mean diameter less than one micron, and subjecting the dispersion to reaction conditions comprising a pressure in the range of about 203 kPa (2 atm) to about 6080 kPa (60 atm) and a temperature in the range of about 20°C to about 230°C, whereby at least a portion of said benzene is nitrated to form nitrobenzene. A system for carrying out the method is also disclosed.
C07C 205/06 - Composés contenant des groupes nitro liés à un squelette carboné ayant des groupes nitro liés à des atomes de carbone de cycles aromatiques à six chaînons
A high shear mechanical device incorporated into a process and system for the production of cyclohexane is capable of decreasing mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing the cyclohexane production process. A system for the production of cyclohexane from benzene and hydrogen, the system comprising a reactor, solid catalyst, and a high shear device, the outlet of which is fluidly connected to the inlet of the reactor; the high shear device capable of providing an emulsion of hydrogen gas bubbles within a liquid comprising benzene, the bubbles having an average bubble diameter of less than about 100 &mgr;m.
C07C 13/18 - Hydrocarbures monocycliques ou leurs dérivés hydrocarbonés acycliques à cycle hexagonal à cycle du cyclohexane
C07C 5/10 - Préparation d'hydrocarbures à partir d'hydrocarbures contenant le même nombre d'atomes de carbone par hydrogénation de cycles aromatiques à six chaînons
B01F 7/26 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins avec agitateurs tournant autour d'un axe vertical à disques rotatifs
75.
SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF POLYETHYLENE AND POLYPROPYLENE
A method for producing a polyethylene or polypropylene polymer, or co-polymer thereof, comprises contacting a monomer-containing medium with polymerization catalyst particles in at least one high shear mixing device to form a nanodispersion, wherein the particles have a mean diameter less than 1 micron. The monomer is selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, and combinations thereof. The method further includes subjecting the nanodispersion to polymerization conditions comprising pressure in the range of about 203 kPa to about 6080 kPa (about 2 atm to about 60 atm) and temperature in the range of about 20°C to about 230°C, whereby at least a portion of the monomer is polymerized. A system for carrying out the method is also disclosed.
Use of a high shear mechanical device in a process for production of starch by hydration and disruption of corn kernel particles in the presence of sulfur dioxide or bisulfite ions makes possible a decrease in mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing starch production. A system for production of starch is also provided in which a high shear mixing device is configured to receive an aqueous corn slurry from a pump that is disposed between the reactor and a gaseous sulfur dioxide inlet of the high shear mixing device. The high shear mixing device is also configured to generate a fine dispersion of sulfur dioxide bubbles and small corn particles in the slurry. A reactor is configured to receive the output from the high shear mixing device and to provide for starch production.
A method for hydrodesulfurization by forming a dispersion comprising hydrogen-containing gas bubbles with a mean diameter of less than 1 micron dispersed in a liquid phase comprising sulfur-containing compounds. Desulfurizing a liquid stream comprising sulfur-containing compounds by subjecting a fluid mixture comprising hydrogen-containing gas and the liquid to a shear rate greater than 20,000 s-1 to produce a dispersion of hydrogen in a continuous phase of the liquid and introducing the dispersion into a fixed bed hydrodesulfurization reactor from which a reactor product is removed. Systems of apparatus for hydrodesulfurization are also presented.
B01J 23/76 - Catalyseurs contenant des métaux, oxydes ou hydroxydes métalliques non prévus dans le groupe du cuivre ou des métaux du groupe du fer en combinaison avec des métaux, oxydes ou hydroxydes prévus dans les groupes
C10G 45/04 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieurHydrofinissage caractérisé par le catalyseur utilisé
C10G 11/00 - Craquage catalytique, en l'absence d'hydrogène, des huiles d'hydrocarbures
B01F 7/26 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins avec agitateurs tournant autour d'un axe vertical à disques rotatifs
A method for hydrocracking a feedstream comprising liquid hydrocarbon by forming a dispersion comprising hydrogen-containing gas bubbles dispersed in the liquid hydrocarbon, wherein the bubbles have a mean diameter of less than about 5 microns, and introducing the dispersion into a hydrocracker comprising hydrocracking catalyst. A method for hydrocracking by subjecting a fluid mixture comprising hydrogen-containing gas and liquid hydrocarbons to a shear rate greater than 20,000 s-1 to produce a dispersion of hydrogen in a continuous phase of the liquid hydrocarbons, and introducing the dispersion into a fixed bed hydrocracking reactor from which a hydrocracked product is removed. A system for hydrocracking a hydrocarbonaceous feedstream including at least one high shear device capable of producing a tip speed of the at least one rotor of greater than 5.0 m/s, and a hydrocracker containing hydrocracking catalyst and comprising an inlet fluidly connected to an outlet of the high shear device.
C10G 47/20 - Supports en alumino-silicates cristallins le catalyseur contenant d'autres métaux ou leurs composés
B01J 29/10 - Zéolites aluminosilicates cristallinesLeurs composés isomorphes du type faujasite, p. ex. du type X ou Y contenant des métaux du groupe du fer, des métaux nobles ou du cuivre
B01F 7/26 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins avec agitateurs tournant autour d'un axe vertical à disques rotatifs
A method for removing hydrogen sulfide from a sour gas stream comprising hydrogen sulfide by oxidizing hydrogen sulfide in a converter by contacting the sour gas stream with an aqueous catalytic solution, thereby producing a desulfurized gas stream and a liquid stream comprising reduced catalyst and elemental sulfur, introducing an oxidant and the liquid stream comprising reduced catalyst and elemental sulfur into a high shear device and producing a dispersion wherein the mean bubble diameter of the oxidant gas in the dispersion is less than about 5 microns, introducing the dispersion into a vessel from which a sulfur-containing slurry is removed and a regenerated catalyst stream is removed, wherein the sulfur slurry comprises elemental sulfur and aqueous liquid, and recycling at least a portion of the regenerated catalyst stream to the converter. A system of apparatus for carrying out the method is also provided.
B01D 53/14 - Séparation de gaz ou de vapeursRécupération de vapeurs de solvants volatils dans les gazÉpuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p. ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par absorption
C01B 17/04 - Préparation du soufrePurification à partir de composés sulfurés gazeux, y compris les sulfures gazeux
A method for removing contaminant from feedwater by forming a dispersion comprising bubbles of a treatment gas in a continuous phase comprising feedwater, wherein the bubbles have a mean diameter of less than about 5 microns and wherein the treatment gas is selected from air, oxygen, and chlorine. A method for removing contaminants from a feedwater by subjecting a fluid mixture comprising feedwater and a treatment gas to a shear rate greater than 20,000 s-1 in a high shear device to produce a dispersion of treatment gas in a continuous phase of the feedwater. A system for treating feedwater to remove contaminants therefrom is also presented, the system comprising at least one high shear mixing device comprising at least one generator comprising a rotor and a stator separated by a shear gap; and a pump configured for delivering feedwater and treatment gas to the high shear mixing device.
Methods and systems for the preparation of chlorohydrins are described herein. The methods and systems incorporate the novel use of a high shear device to promote dispersion and solubility of olefins into the chlorinating phase. The high shear device may allow for lower reaction temperatures and pressures and may also reduce chlorination time.
C07C 29/64 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes hydroxyle ou O-métal liés à un atome de carbone ne faisant pas partie d'un cycle aromatique à six chaînons par introduction simultanée de groupes hydroxyle et d'atomes d'halogène
B01F 7/26 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins avec agitateurs tournant autour d'un axe vertical à disques rotatifs
Methods and systems for the production of phthalic acid diesters are described herein. The methods and systems incorporate the novel use of a high shear device to promote dispersion and mixing of a phtalic acid derivative with alcohol. The high shear device may allow for lower reaction temperatures and pressures and may also reduce reaction time with existing catalysts.
C07C 67/08 - Préparation d'esters d'acides carboxyliques par réaction d'acides carboxyliques ou d'anhydrides symétriques avec le groupe hydroxyle ou O-métal de composés organiques
C07C 69/76 - Esters d'acides carboxyliques dont un groupe carboxyle estérifié est lié à un atome de carbone d'un cycle aromatique à six chaînons
Methods and systems for the production of linear alkylbenzens are described herein. The methods and systems incorporate the novel use of a high shear device to promote dispersion and mixing of one or more olefins (e.g. propylene) with an aromatic. The high shear device may allow for lower reaction temperatures and pressures and may also reduce reaction time with existing catalysts.
C07C 15/107 - Hydrocarbures monocycliques comportant une chaîne latérale saturée contenant au moins six atomes de carbone, p. ex. dérivés alkylés pour détergents
B01J 29/18 - Zéolites aluminosilicates cristallinesLeurs composés isomorphes du type mordénite
B01F 7/26 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins avec agitateurs tournant autour d'un axe vertical à disques rotatifs
Methods and systems for the hydroxylation of olefenic alcohols are described herein. The methods and systems incorporate the novel use of a high shear device to promote mixing and solubility of peroxides with the olefenic alcohol. The high shear device may allow for lower reaction temperatures and pressures and may also reduce hydroxylation time with existing catalysts.
C07C 67/26 - Préparation d'esters d'acides carboxyliques par réaction d'acides carboxyliques ou de leurs dérivés avec une liaison éther carbone-oxygène, p. ex. acétal, tétrahydrofuranne avec un cycle oxirane
B01J 31/02 - Catalyseurs contenant des hydrures, des complexes de coordination ou des composés organiques contenant des composés organiques ou des hydrures métalliques
Methods and systems for preparing alkylene glycols are described herein. The methods and systems incorporate the novel use of a high shear device to promote dispersion and solubility of alkylene oxides with water. The high shear device may allow for lower reaction temperatures and pressures and may also reduce reaction time.
C07C 29/10 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes hydroxyle ou O-métal liés à un atome de carbone ne faisant pas partie d'un cycle aromatique à six chaînons par hydrolyse d'éthers, y compris d'éthers cycliques, p. ex. d'oxiranes
C07C 29/80 - SéparationPurificationStabilisationEmploi d'additifs par traitement physique par distillation
B01F 7/26 - Mélangeurs à agitateurs tournant dans des récipients fixes; Pétrins avec agitateurs tournant autour d'un axe vertical à disques rotatifs
Use of a high shear mechanical device in a process for production of starch hydrolysate by reacting starch with a hydrolytic agent makes possible a decrease in mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing production of starch hydrolysate. A system for production of starch hydrolysate is also provided in which a reactor is configured to receive the output from a high shear device, which is configured to receive a starch and lysing reagent. The high shear device is configured to generate a fine dispersion or emulsion of lysing.
Hydrogenated vegetable oil exhibiting superior thermal stability and containing reduced levels of saturates and trans fatty acids are produced using an activated hydrogenation catalyst and/or an improved hydrogenation process incorporating high shear. The use of a high shear mechanical device incorporated into the hydrogenation process as a reactor device is shown to be capable of enabling reactions that would normally not be feasible under a given set of reaction pressure and temperature conditions. For example, the hydrogenation process described herein enables a reduction of hydrogenation time, and operation at lower temperatures than current processes. The resulting hydrogenated vegetable oil is particularly useful in frying, confectionery baking, and other applications where a product with a low trans fat content or higher thermal stability is desirable. The hydrogenated oil produced may comprise less than 10 weight % of trans fatty acids with less than 5 weight % of linolenic acid (C18:3).
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