A process, system, and method for cycling carbon in an integrated electric steelmaking plant. The process and method comprise receiving an off-gas comprising nitrogen and carbon-containing gases from the plant, methanation of the off-gas, separating nitrogen from the carbon-containing gases, and recycling the carbon-containing gases within the plant. The system comprises an electric steel-making plant comprising a shafter furnace for producing direct reduced iron, an electric smelting furnace, an off-gas recycling unit comprising a methanation unit, a nitrogen separation unit downstream of the methanation unit, and a conduit for receiving from the nitrogen separation unit and providing to the electric steel-making plant carbon containing off-gases.
C01B 3/24 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par décomposition de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides d'hydrocarbures
C07C 1/02 - Préparation d'hydrocarbures à partir d'un ou plusieurs composés, aucun d'eux n'étant un hydrocarbure à partir d'oxydes de carbone
C07C 1/04 - Préparation d'hydrocarbures à partir d'un ou plusieurs composés, aucun d'eux n'étant un hydrocarbure à partir d'oxydes de carbone à partir de monoxyde de carbone avec de l'hydrogène
C21C 5/52 - Fabrication de l'acier au four électrique
H02K 7/18 - Association structurelle de génératrices électriques à des moteurs mécaniques d'entraînement, p. ex. à des turbines
2.
WASTE FERROUS SLAG CLEANING METHOD, FURNACE, AND SYSTEM
A method, system, and furnace for cleaning slag produced by a steelmaking or oxidizing process. The method comprising, receiving into a slag cleaning furnace an input slag with a high FeO content and adding reductant to the slag cleaning furnace to produce molten iron and a cleaned slag with a lower FeO content compared to the input slag. The method may further comprise cooling and/or granulating the cleaned slag. The system comprising an input for receiving steelmaking slag from a steelmaking process, a reductant addition component, and optionally, a slag cooling or granulating component and, an off-gas output.
C04B 5/06 - Ingrédients, autres que l'eau, ajoutés aux scories fonduesTraitement par des gaz ou par des composés produisant des gaz, p. ex. pour obtenir une scorie poreuse
F27D 11/08 - Chauffage par décharge électrique, p. ex. décharge d'arc
A process for generating a metal sulfate that involves crystallizing a metal sulfate from an aqueous solution to form a crystallized metal sulfate in a mother liquor with uncrystallized metal sulfate remaining in the mother liquor; separating the crystallized metal sulfate from the mother liquor; basifying a portion of the mother liquor to convert the uncrystallized metal sulfate to a basic metal salt; and using the basic metal salt upstream of crystallizing the metal sulfate. So crystallized, the generated metal sulfate may be battery-grade or electroplating-grade.
H01M 10/0525 - Batteries du type "rocking chair" ou "fauteuil à bascule", p. ex. batteries à insertion ou intercalation de lithium dans les deux électrodesBatteries à l'ion lithium
H01M 10/54 - Récupération des parties utiles des accumulateurs usagés
4.
HYDROMETALLURGICAL TREATMENT OF ORES OR CONCENTRATES FOR REMOVAL OF PREG-ROBBING ORGANIC CARBON MATERIAL
A process for helping improve hydrometallurgical precious metal recovery from preg-robbing ores or concentrates, such as double refractory ores or concentrates or carbonaceous ores. The process comprises treating the ore or concentrate in the presence of oxygen at a temperature and pressure sufficient to oxidize at least a portion of the organic carbon material in the ore or concentrate. A vessel is used to treat the ore or concentrate to oxidize the organic carbon material. The vessel may be a pipe. The vessel maintains the ore at an elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of oxygen. The vessel may have an inlet for receiving a pre-treated slurry of ore or concentrate, a mechanism for oxygen addition, a mechanism for degassing the pipe reactor, and an outlet for providing the treated slurry to further processing. The vessel may be used in series after an autoclave. The pipe reactor may also include a pre-heating step and a cooling step.
C22B 1/00 - Traitement préliminaire de minerais ou de débris ou déchets métalliques
C22B 3/24 - Traitement ou purification de solutions, p. ex. de solutions obtenues par lixiviation par des procédés physiques, p. ex. par filtration, par des moyens magnétiques par adsorption sur des substances solides, p. ex. par extraction avec des résines solides
C22B 3/44 - Traitement ou purification de solutions, p. ex. de solutions obtenues par lixiviation par des procédés chimiques
A method and system are provided for feeding a feed mixture into an electric furnace. The method comprising producing a homogeneous feed mixture and charging the furnace with the homogeneous feed mixture. The homogeneous feed mixture, being one or both of compositionally and thermally homogeneous, includes DRI, and one or more of fluxes, scrap, reductants and reverts, used to charge electric furnaces. The system comprises a mixing unit for combining feed components into a homogeneous mixture. The mixing unit may be a screw conveyor. The mixing unit is connected to the furnace to charge the furnace with the homogeneous feed mixture.
A process and system are provided for reducing the concentration of lithium using direct lithium extraction (DLE) in a lithium-bearing aqueous effluent, for example from a chemical production process. The system and process comprise using direct lithium extraction to produce a DLE Li-depleted effluent with a concentration of lithium within effluent discharge limits. The DLE Li- depleted effluent may then be directly or indirectly discharged into a body of water. The system and process also result in an DLE Li-rich effluent with a high concentration of lithium that may be further processed for lithium recovery or management.
A method for resurfacing a reactive metal surface using a cold spray coating of reactive metal particles. The particles comprise a non-spherical morphology and properties similar to or the same as the reactive metal surface needing repair. The particles may be accelerated to undergo plastic deformation to cause the particles to bond to the reactive metal surface. The bonded particles form a repaired reactive metal surface that is continuous with the existing reactive metal surface.
An additive composition for providing a chemical additive to liquid metal in a furnace, and a method for adjusting the chemical composition of molten metal in a furnace. The additive composition comprises an additive component and a ballast component. The ballast component is a high-density component, the high-density component for helping the additive composition to sink through the slag layer to contact the molten metal using the force of gravity.
C21B 3/02 - Utilisation d'additifs, p. ex. des agents fluants
C21B 13/00 - Fabrication de fer spongieux ou d'acier liquide par des procédés directs
C22B 9/10 - Procédés généraux d'affinage ou de refusion des métauxAppareils pour la refusion des métaux sous laitier électroconducteur ou à l'arc avec des agents d'affinage ou fondantsEmploi de substances pour ces procédés
9.
LOW FREQUENCY PULSE ULTRASONIC SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR NON-INTRUSIVE EVALUATION OF MULTI-LAYERED INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES
A system and method for measuring thicknesses of one or more thin layers in a multi-layered industrial structure. One of the layers may comprise a coarse- grained material. The multi-layered structure may be less than 600mm thick. The method comprises emitting ultrasonic pulses into the multi-layered industrial structure and detecting thickness frequencies of the layers of the structure and comparing against known thickness frequencies. The ultrasonic pulses being a frequency sweep pulse or a broadband frequency sweep pulse uniquely programmed for the multi-layered structure.
A metal-dissolving apparatus and process is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a reactor, a metal inlet for receiving a metal-containing substance, a solution inlet for receiving a metal-dissolving solution, a solution outlet for providing the metal-dissolving solution comprising dissolved metals. The apparatus comprises a length and a height, the height being less than the length. The process comprises providing a metal-dissolving solution into a first location of a reactor comprising metal-containing substances, flowing the metal-dissolving solution through the reactor, dissolving metal from the metal-containing substances into the metal-dissolving solution, and discharging the metal-dissolving solution from the reactor.
A metal-dissolving apparatus and process is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a reactor, a metal inlet for receiving a metal-containing substance, a solution inlet for receiving a metal-dissolving solution, a solution outlet for providing the metal- dissolving solution comprising dissolved metals. The apparatus comprises a length and a height, the height being less than the length. The process comprises providing a metal-dissolving solution into a first location of a reactor comprising metal- containing substances, flowing the metal-dissolving solution through the reactor, dissolving metal from the metal-containing substances into the metal-dissolving solution, and discharging the metal-dissolving solution from the reactor.
B01F 21/20 - Dissolution utilisant le mélange à écoulement
C22B 3/04 - Extraction de composés métalliques par voie humide à partir de minerais ou de concentrés par lixiviation
C22B 3/46 - Traitement ou purification de solutions, p. ex. de solutions obtenues par lixiviation par des procédés chimiques par substitution, p. ex. par cémentation
A metal-dissolving apparatus and process is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a reactor, a metal inlet for receiving a metal-containing substance, a solution inlet for receiving a metal- dissolving solution, a solution outlet for providing the metal-dissolving solution comprising dissolved metals. The apparatus comprises a length and a height, the height being less than the length. The process comprises providing a metal-dissolving solution into a first location of a reactor comprising metal-containing substances, flowing the metal-dissolving solution through the reactor, dissolving metal from the metal-containing substances into the metal- dissolving solution, and discharging the metal-dissolving solution from the reactor.
A system and method for assessing deterioration of a metallurgical runner using acoustic emissions. The system may be referred to as an acoustic emission runner integrity system (AERIS). The system comprises acoustic emission sensors mounted on the runner. At least some of the sensors can detect acoustic emission signals in the runner. The sensors may be able to emit acoustic emission signals into the runner. The sensors are in communication with a controller. The controller is configured to one or more of identify and monitor deterioration of the runner based on the acoustic emission signals of the sensors. The method comprises affixing AE sensors to the runner, detecting AE signals with the sensors, and assessing deterioration of the runner based on the AE signals of the sensors.
Processes and methods for refining ferronickel alloy, and producing nickel sulfate or other nickel product, are provided, where the ferronickel alloy is treated with an oxidizing leach. The oxidizing leach may be, for example, a pressure oxidation (POX) leach or a leach with peroxide or copper (II) ions. The treatment may be in the presence of added copper, such as by providing a copper sulfate solution. Producing nickel sulfate may comprise removing copper and iron after the leach, removing impurities, and either crystallizing the nickel sulfate or precipitating/winning another nickel product.
A method, device, and system for detecting a current leak in a traction power rail. Magnetic or electrical properties of the rail are measured. The measurements are performed using a rail instrument that senses the properties around the rail at various times while the instrument is being moved down the rail, such as using a cart or train. The rail instrument may be a flux concentrator or open Rogowski coil. The locations of the rail, about which the readings are taken by the rail instrument, may be determined and correlated with the measurements themselves. The method may comprise measuring the magnetic field of the rail along a length of the rail, and identifying a leak based on differences between the magnetic field measurements. The system may comprise a cart comprising the rail instrument and a location instrument.
B61K 9/08 - Installations de mesure pour surveiller la voie
B60M 3/00 - Fourniture d'énergie aux lignes de courant d'alimentation en contact avec le collecteur porté par le véhiculeAbsorption de l'énergie de récupération
B61D 15/12 - Wagonnets d'inspection de la voie propulsés par moteur
B61L 27/53 - Diagnostic ou maintenance côté voie, p. ex. mises à jour de logiciel pour des éléments ou des systèmes côté voie, p. ex. surveillance côté voie de l’état des systèmes de commande côté voie
G01R 31/00 - Dispositions pour tester les propriétés électriquesDispositions pour la localisation des pannes électriquesDispositions pour tests électriques caractérisées par ce qui est testé, non prévues ailleurs
G01R 31/11 - Localisation de défauts dans les câbles, les lignes de transmission ou les réseaux en utilisant des méthodes de réflexion d'impulsion
G01R 31/52 - Test pour déceler la présence de courts-circuits, de fuites de courant ou de défauts à la terre
G01R 33/00 - Dispositions ou appareils pour la mesure des grandeurs magnétiques
G01R 33/04 - Mesure de la direction ou de l'intensité de champs magnétiques ou de flux magnétiques en utilisant le principe du déclenchement périodique de flux
G01R 33/07 - Mesure de la direction ou de l'intensité de champs magnétiques ou de flux magnétiques en utilisant des dispositifs galvano-magnétiques des dispositifs à effet Hall
G01R 33/09 - Mesure de la direction ou de l'intensité de champs magnétiques ou de flux magnétiques en utilisant des dispositifs galvano-magnétiques des dispositifs magnéto-résistifs
16.
TREATMENT PROCESS FOR CRYSTALLIZING A METAL SULFATE
A treatment process for crystallizing a metal sulfate involving pre-treating a feedstock comprising calcium, magnesium, and/or lithium impurities, the pre-treating involving pre-leaching the feedstock in the presence of a lixiviant, selectively extracting a first portion of any of the impurities from the feedstock, and forming a leached solution comprising an uncrystallized metal sulfate and any remaining impurities; and/or refining the leached solution and removing a second portion of any of the remaining impurities; and crystallizing the uncrystallized metal sulfate from the leached solution to form a crystallized metal sulfate. So processed, the crystallized metal sulfate may be battery-grade or electroplating-grade.
A process and method for producing a crystallized metal sulfate. The crystallized metal sulfate may be battery-grade. The method may comprise receiving a metal ion-containing stream and crystalizing a metal sulfate from the stream. The process may comprise receiving a stream from a metal processing plant, and crystalizing a metal sulfate from the stream. The process may be a metal electrowinning process comprising crystalizing a metal ion-containing stream to form a crystallized metal sulfate in a mother liquor. The process or method may comprise returning the mother liquor upstream or to the metal electrowinning process.
A process for battery chemical production, where a sodium sulfate stream is treated with an ion exchange process to provide potassium sulfate and sodium chloride. The sodium chloride may be treated with a chlor-alkali to produce sodium hydroxide for use upstream in the battery chemical production process.
B01J 49/57 - Régénération ou réactivation des échangeurs d'ionsAppareillage à cet effet caractérisés par les réactifs de régénération pour échangeurs anioniques
B01J 41/04 - Procédés utilisant des échangeurs organiques
A process for removing impurities from a crystallized metal sulfate, including contacting crystallized metal sulfate with a liquor rich in metal sulfate. The metal may be cobalt, nickel, or manganese, and the impurities may be magnesium or calcium. The liquor rich in metal sulfate may be an overflow liquor from crystallization of the metal sulfate, and said overflow liquor may be subject to one or more impurities removal steps prior to contacting the crystallized metal sulfate, such that the overflow liquor contains lower levels of impurities than the crystallized metal sulfate to be contacted. A counter-current wash circuit may be used to remove impurities from a crystallized metal sulfate, whereby a plurality of washing tanks are configured to receive crystallized metal sulfate in a sequence, and washing liquor in reverse of said sequence.
A process and reactor for removing impurities from a carbon material, involving providing a carbon feed into the electrothermal reactor; providing a gas into the reactor; passing the carbon feed through the reactor in a direction; heating the carbon feed using one or more electrodes; volatizing non-carbon material of the feed with the heat; and discharging the purified carbon material at the second location. So purified, the carbon material may be battery-grade. The feed may be passed through the reactor in a generally horizontal direction. The velocity of the feed in the reactor may be controlled to achieve a select resident time sufficient to volatize a desired amount of impurity. The process and reactor may be configured to inhibit back-mixing of the feed.
A process and reactor for removing impurities from a carbon material, involving providing a carbon feed into the electrothermal reactor; providing a gas into the reactor; passing the carbon feed through the reactor in a direction; heating the carbon feed using one or more electrodes; volatizing non-carbon material of the feed with the heat; and discharging the purified carbon material at the second location. So purified, the carbon material may be battery-grade. The feed may be passed through the reactor in a generally horizontal direction. The velocity of the feed in the reactor may be controlled to achieve a select resident time sufficient to volatize a desired amount of impurity. The process and reactor may be configured to inhibit back-mixing of the feed.
A process for helping improve hydrometallurgical precious metal recovery from preg-robbing ores or concentrates, such as double refractory ores or concentrates or carbonaceous ores. The process comprises treating the ore or concentrate in the presence of oxygen at a temperature and pressure sufficient to oxidize at least a portion of the organic carbon material in the ore or concentrate. A vessel is used to treat the ore or concentrate to oxidize the organic carbon material. The vessel may be a pipe. The vessel maintains the ore at an elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of oxygen. The vessel may have an inlet for receiving a pre-treated slurry of ore or concentrate, a mechanism for oxygen addition, a mechanism for degassing the pipe reactor, and an outlet for providing the treated slurry to further processing. The vessel may be used in series after an autoclave. The pipe reactor may also include a pre-heating step and a cooling step.
A process for helping improve hydrometallurgical precious metal recovery from preg-robbing ores or concentrates, such as double refractory ores or concentrates or carbonaceous ores. The process comprises treating the ore or concentrate in the presence of oxygen at a temperature and pressure sufficient to oxidize at least a portion of the organic carbon material in the ore or concentrate. A vessel is used to treat the ore or concentrate to oxidize the organic carbon material. The vessel may be a pipe. The vessel maintains the ore at an elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of oxygen. The vessel may have an inlet for receiving a pre-treated slurry of ore or concentrate, a mechanism for oxygen addition, a mechanism for degassing the pipe reactor, and an outlet for providing the treated slurry to further processing. The vessel may be used in series after an autoclave. The pipe reactor may also include a pre-heating step and a cooling step.
A process for removing impurities from a crystallized metal sulfate, including contacting crystallized metal sulfate with a liquor rich in metal sulfate. The metal may be cobalt, nickel, or manganese, and the impurities may be magnesium or calcium. The liquor rich in metal sulfate may be an overflow liquor from crystallization of the metal sulfate, and said overflow liquor may be subject to one or more impurities removal steps prior to contacting the crystallized metal sulfate, such that the overflow liquor contains lower levels of impurities than the crystallized metal sulfate to be contacted. A counter-current wash circuit may be used to remove impurities from a crystallized metal sulfate, whereby a plurality of washing tanks are configured to receive crystallized metal sulfate in a sequence, and washing liquor in reverse of said sequence.
A process for removing impurities from a crystallized metal sulfate, including contacting crystallized metal sulfate with a liquor rich in metal sulfate. The metal may be cobalt, nickel, or manganese, and the impurities may be magnesium or calcium. The liquor rich in metal sulfate may be an overflow liquor from crystallization of the metal sulfate, and said overflow liquor may be subject to one or more impurities removal steps prior to contacting the crystallized metal sulfate, such that the overflow liquor contains lower levels of impurities than the crystallized metal sulfate to be contacted. A counter-current wash circuit may be used to remove impurities from a crystallized metal sulfate, whereby a plurality of washing tanks are configured to receive crystallized metal sulfate in a sequence, and washing liquor in reverse of said sequence.
A system and method for affecting the crossbow in a metal sheet in continuous coating process. The system comprises strip distance sensors for determining distances to the metal sheet. A controller is configured to adjust the position of the correcting roll, based on the strip distances, to affect the crossbow in the sheet to help control the thickness of the coating on the sheet. The system may comprise a crossbow model to help determine the new correcting roll position. The distances determined by the strip distance sensors may be also be used to adjust the position of the air knives.
C23C 2/00 - Procédés de trempage à chaud ou d'immersion pour appliquer le matériau de revêtement à l'état fondu sans modifier la forme de l'objet immergéAppareils à cet effet
27.
SODIUM SULFATE BY-PRODUCT PROCESSING IN LITHIUM AND BATTERY CHEMICAL PRODUCTION
A process for battery chemical production, where a sodium sulfate stream is treated with an ion exchange process to provide potassium sulfate and sodium chloride. The sodium chloride may be treated with a chlor-alkali to produce sodium hydroxide for use upstream in the battery chemical production process.
A process for battery chemical production, where a sodium sulfate stream is treated with an ion exchange process to provide potassium sulfate and sodium chloride. The sodium chloride may be treated with a chlor-alkali to produce sodium hydroxide for use upstream in the battery chemical production process.
A system and method for affecting the crossbow in a metal sheet in continuous coating process. The system comprises strip distance sensors for determining distances to the metal sheet. A controller is configured to adjust the position of the correcting roll, based on the strip distances, to affect the crossbow in the sheet to help control the thickness of the coating on the sheet. The system may comprise a crossbow model to help determine the new correcting roll position. The distances determined by the strip distance sensors may be also be used to adjust the position of the air knives.
B05D 1/18 - Procédés pour appliquer des liquides ou d'autres matériaux fluides aux surfaces par immersion
B05D 7/14 - Procédés, autres que le flocage, spécialement adaptés pour appliquer des liquides ou d'autres matériaux fluides, à des surfaces particulières, ou pour appliquer des liquides ou d'autres matériaux fluides particuliers à du métal, p. ex. à des carrosseries de voiture
30.
FERRONICKEL ALLOY DIRECT REFINING PROCESSES AND PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING NICKEL SULFATE OR OTHER NICKEL PRODUCTS
Processes and methods for refining ferronickel alloy, and producing nickel sulfate or other nickel product, are provided, where the ferronickel alloy is treated with an oxidizing leach. The oxidizing leach may be, for example, a pressure oxidation (POX) leach or a leach with peroxide or copper (II) ions. The treatment may be in the presence of added copper, such as by providing a copper sulfate solution. Producing nickel sulfate may comprise removing copper and iron after the leach, removing impurities, and either crystallizing the nickel sulfate or precipitating/winning another nickel product.
Processes and methods for refining ferronickel alloy, and producing nickel sulfate or other nickel product, are provided, where the ferronickel alloy is treated with an oxidizing leach. The oxidizing leach may be, for example, a pressure oxidation (POX) leach or a leach with peroxide or copper (II) ions. The treatment may be in the presence of added copper, such as by providing a copper sulfate solution. Producing nickel sulfate may comprise removing copper and iron after the leach, removing impurities, and either crystallizing the nickel sulfate or precipitating/winning another nickel product.
A system and method for assessing deterioration of a metallurgical runner using acoustic emissions. The system may be referred to as an acoustic emission runner integrity system (AERIS). The system comprises acoustic emission sensors mounted on the runner. At least some of the sensors can detect acoustic emission signals in the runner. The sensors may be able to emit acoustic emission signals into the runner. The sensors are in communication with a controller. The controller is configured to one or more of identify and monitor deterioration of the runner based on the acoustic emission signals of the sensors. The method comprises affixing AE sensors to the runner, detecting AE signals with the sensors, and assessing deterioration of the runner based on the AE signals of the sensors.
G01N 29/14 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'emploi d'ondes ultrasonores, sonores ou infrasonoresVisualisation de l'intérieur d'objets par transmission d'ondes ultrasonores ou sonores à travers l'objet utilisant des techniques d'émission acoustique
F27D 21/00 - Aménagement des dispositifs de surveillanceAménagement des dispositifs de sécurité
F27D 3/14 - Chargement ou déchargement d'un matériau liquide ou fondu
A process and method for producing a crystallized metal sulfate. The crystallized metal sulfate may be battery-grade. The method may comprise receiving a metal ion-containing stream and crystalizing a metal sulfate from the stream. The process may comprise receiving a stream from a metal processing plant, and crystalizing a metal sulfate from the stream. The process may be a metal electrowinning process comprising crystalizing a metal ion-containing stream to form a crystallized metal sulfate in a mother liquor. The process or method may comprise returning the mother liquor upstream or to the metal electrowinning process.
C30B 7/14 - Croissance des monocristaux à partir de solutions en utilisant des solvants liquides à la température ordinaire, p. ex. à partir de solutions aqueuses le matériau à cristalliser étant produit dans la solution par des réactions chimiques
C01B 17/96 - Méthodes pour la préparation des sulfates en général
A process and method for producing a crystallized metal sulfate. The crystallized metal sulfate may be battery-grade. The method may comprise receiving a metal ion-containing stream and crystalizing a metal sulfate from the stream. The process may comprise receiving a stream from a metal processing plant, and crystalizing a metal sulfate from the stream. The process may be a metal electrowinning process comprising crystalizing a metal ion-containing stream to form a crystallized metal sulfate in a mother liquor. The process or method may comprise returning the mother liquor upstream or to the metal electrowinning process.
C30B 7/14 - Croissance des monocristaux à partir de solutions en utilisant des solvants liquides à la température ordinaire, p. ex. à partir de solutions aqueuses le matériau à cristalliser étant produit dans la solution par des réactions chimiques
C01B 17/96 - Méthodes pour la préparation des sulfates en général
A treatment process for crystallizing a metal sulfate involving pre-treating a feedstock comprising calcium, magnesium, and/or lithium impurities, the pre-treating involving pre-leaching the feedstock in the presence of a lixiviant, selectively extracting a first portion of any of the impurities from the feedstock, and forming a leached solution comprising an uncrystallized metal sulfate and any remaining impurities; and/or refining the leached solution and removing a second portion of any of the remaining impurities; and crystallizing the uncrystallized metal sulfate from the leached solution to form a crystallized metal sulfate. So processed, the crystallized metal sulfate may be battery-grade or electroplating-grade.
C22B 3/22 - Traitement ou purification de solutions, p. ex. de solutions obtenues par lixiviation par des procédés physiques, p. ex. par filtration, par des moyens magnétiques
C22B 3/44 - Traitement ou purification de solutions, p. ex. de solutions obtenues par lixiviation par des procédés chimiques
A treatment process for crystallizing a metal sulfate involving pre-treating a feedstock comprising calcium, magnesium, and/or lithium impurities, the pre-treating involving pre-leaching the feedstock in the presence of a lixiviant, selectively extracting a first portion of any of the impurities from the feedstock, and forming a leached solution comprising an uncrystallized metal sulfate and any remaining impurities; and/or refining the leached solution and removing a second portion of any of the remaining impurities; and crystallizing the uncrystallized metal sulfate from the leached solution to form a crystallized metal sulfate. So processed, the crystallized metal sulfate may be battery-grade or electroplating-grade.
C22B 3/22 - Traitement ou purification de solutions, p. ex. de solutions obtenues par lixiviation par des procédés physiques, p. ex. par filtration, par des moyens magnétiques
C22B 3/44 - Traitement ou purification de solutions, p. ex. de solutions obtenues par lixiviation par des procédés chimiques
A process for generating a metal sulfate that involves crystallizing a metal sulfate from an aqueous solution to form a crystallized metal sulfate in a mother liquor with uncrystallized metal sulfate remaining in the mother liquor; separating the crystallized metal sulfate from the mother liquor; basifying a portion of the mother liquor to convert the uncrystallized metal sulfate to a basic metal salt; and using the basic metal salt upstream of crystallizing the metal sulfate. So crystallized, the generated metal sulfate may be battery-grade or electroplating-grade.
H01M 10/0525 - Batteries du type "rocking chair" ou "fauteuil à bascule", p. ex. batteries à insertion ou intercalation de lithium dans les deux électrodesBatteries à l'ion lithium
H01M 10/54 - Récupération des parties utiles des accumulateurs usagés
38.
DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETECTING LEAKAGE CURRENT FOR TRACTION POWER SYSTEM
A method, device, and system for detecting a current leak in a traction power rail. Magnetic or electrical properties of the rail are measured. The measurements are performed using a rail instrument that senses the properties around the rail at various times while the instrument is being moved down the rail, such as using a cart or train. The rail instrument may be a flux concentrator or open Rogowski coil. The locations of the rail, about which the readings are taken by the rail instrument, may be determined and correlated with the measurements themselves. The method may comprise measuring the magnetic field of the rail along a length of the rail, and identifying a leak based on differences between the magnetic field measurements. The system may comprise a cart comprising the rail instrument and a location instrument.
B61K 9/08 - Installations de mesure pour surveiller la voie
B61L 25/02 - Indication ou enregistrement de la position ou de l'identité de véhicules ou de trains
G01R 15/18 - Adaptations fournissant une isolation en tension ou en courant, p. ex. adaptations pour les réseaux à haute tension ou à courant fort utilisant des dispositifs inductifs, p. ex. des transformateurs
G01R 33/07 - Mesure de la direction ou de l'intensité de champs magnétiques ou de flux magnétiques en utilisant des dispositifs galvano-magnétiques des dispositifs à effet Hall
39.
DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETECTING LEAKAGE CURRENT FOR TRACTION POWER SYSTEM
A method, device, and system for detecting a current leak in a traction power rail. Magnetic or electrical properties of the rail are measured. The measurements are performed using a rail instrument that senses the properties around the rail at various times while the instrument is being moved down the rail, such as using a cart or train. The rail instrument may be a flux concentrator or open Rogowski coil. The locations of the rail, about which the readings are taken by the rail instrument, may be determined and correlated with the measurements themselves. The method may comprise measuring the magnetic field of the rail along a length of the rail, and identifying a leak based on differences between the magnetic field measurements. The system may comprise a cart comprising the rail instrument and a location instrument.
B61K 9/08 - Installations de mesure pour surveiller la voie
B60M 3/00 - Fourniture d'énergie aux lignes de courant d'alimentation en contact avec le collecteur porté par le véhiculeAbsorption de l'énergie de récupération
B61L 25/02 - Indication ou enregistrement de la position ou de l'identité de véhicules ou de trains
G01R 15/18 - Adaptations fournissant une isolation en tension ou en courant, p. ex. adaptations pour les réseaux à haute tension ou à courant fort utilisant des dispositifs inductifs, p. ex. des transformateurs
G01R 33/07 - Mesure de la direction ou de l'intensité de champs magnétiques ou de flux magnétiques en utilisant des dispositifs galvano-magnétiques des dispositifs à effet Hall
A machine and method for making underground excavations in rock, The machine comprises hydraulic percussion hammers which drive drill bits into the rock face to be bored. A hydraulic power unit (HPU) is located on the machine. The HPU powers the hydraulic percussion hammers. The HPU and percussion hammers form a hydraulic power distribution circuit. The percussions hammers may be moved during operation. The method comprises providing a hydraulic pressure to drill bits using a hydraulic pressure means, pulsing the drill bits against the rock face using the hydraulic pressure to form an excavation, and advancing the hydraulic pressure means into the excavation.
E21D 9/11 - Exécution en utilisant des machines à forer ou à inciser avec une tête de forage de type rotatif coupant simultanément toute la section transversale, c.-à-d. tunneliers pleine-face
E21D 1/06 - Fonçage des puits mécanique au moyen d'appareils à inciser pour forer les puits
E21C 27/28 - Abattage de la matière minérale sans pratiquer de saignées par organes de forage percutante avec moyens de fragmentation, p. ex. outils en forme de coins
E21C 35/20 - Caractéristiques générales de l'appareillage d'évacuation du havrit, p. ex. pour le chargement des convoyeurs
E21B 1/38 - Piston du type marteau, c.-à-d. dans lequel la tête de l'outil ou l'enclume sont frappées par l'organe d'impulsion
E21B 4/16 - Moyens d'entraînement multiples au fond du trou, p. ex. pour le forage combiné par percussion et par rotationMoyens d'entraînement pour unités de forage à plusieurs trépans
A process for generating a metal sulfate that involves crystallizing a metal sulfate from an aqueous solution to form a crystallized metal sulfate in a mother liquor with uncrystallized metal sulfate remaining in the mother liquor; separating the crystallized metal sulfate from the mother liquor; basifying a portion of the mother liquor to convert the uncrystallized metal sulfate to a basic metal salt; and using the basic metal salt upstream of crystallizing the metal sulfate. So crystallized, the generated metal sulfate may be battery-grade or electroplating-grade.
H01M 10/0525 - Batteries du type "rocking chair" ou "fauteuil à bascule", p. ex. batteries à insertion ou intercalation de lithium dans les deux électrodesBatteries à l'ion lithium
C22B 7/00 - Mise en œuvre de matériaux autres que des minerais, p. ex. des rognures, pour produire des métaux non ferreux ou leurs composés
C22B 3/00 - Extraction de composés métalliques par voie humide à partir de minerais ou de concentrés
H01M 10/54 - Récupération des parties utiles des accumulateurs usagés
42.
Methods of managing solvent inventory in a gravity drainage extraction chamber
A method of managing a liquid solvent inventory in a condensing solvent gravity drainage extraction chamber includes growing the extraction chamber by injecting a solvent vapour under conditions which cause at least a portion of the solvent vapour to condense on a hydrocarbon extraction interface at a condensation temperature, then accumulating within the extraction chamber condensed liquid solvent which is draining through the chamber under the influence of gravity, which liquid solvent includes a hydrocarbon rich fluid production layer which is proximal to said extraction interface, and then heating a portion of the extraction chamber from a location near, in and/or above the injector to create a heated zone having a temperature above the condensation temperature without heating the hydrocarbon rich production layer to permit the hydrocarbon rich production layer to continue to drain to a production well.
A method and system for stabilizing electrical power for arc furnaces and their power supplies. The method comprises causing a load to absorb power in response to determining a loss of arc event of an arc furnace electrode. After the electrode arc is re-established, power to the load is stopped. The load helps maintain a consistent power consumption during the loss of arc event without significantly changing the power supply output to balance supply with demand. The system comprises a load, and a controller to regulate the amount of power being absorbed by the load. The controller may help expedite re-establishing the electrode arc and help minimize the size of the load. The controller may be part of, or interact with, a furnace power electronic control system.
F27B 3/08 - Fours à sole, p. ex. fours à réverbérationFours à arc électrique à chauffage électrique, p. ex. fours à arc électrique, avec ou sans une autre source de chaleur
F27D 11/08 - Chauffage par décharge électrique, p. ex. décharge d'arc
44.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DRY ABLATION BENEFICATION OF ORE
A system and method for dry ablation beneficiation of ore. The system comprises a nozzle to emit an air stream, and a feeder to provide ore particles for entraining in the air stream and colliding. The ore comprises gangue grains bound together with a cementing material. The cementing material comprises a desired material. The collisions are controlled to help preferentially break the cementing material over breaking the bonds holding a gangue grain together. The system also comprises a classifier to separate broken cementing material from the remaining material (which includes gangue grains) based on size. The method comprises entraining the ore particles in an air stream and colliding to preferentially break the cementing material. The ore particles may be collided with each other or a surface. The broken cementing materials are then separated from the remaining materials (which includes gangue grains). The enriched ore is the separated cementing material.
A system measures parameters of the electricity drawn by an arc furnace and, based on an analysis of the parameters, provides indicators of whether arc coverage has been optimized. Factors related to optimization of arc coverage include electrode position, charge level, slag level and slag behaviour. More specifically, such indicators of whether arc coverage has been optimized may be used when determining a position for the electrode such that, to an extent possible, a stable arc cavity is maintained and an open arc condition is avoided. Conveniently, by avoiding open arc conditions, the internal linings of the furnace walls and roof may be protected from excessive wear and tear.
A device and burner for a flash furnace, and methods for monitoring the operation, and operating, a flash furnace burner. The burner comprises a burner block and a sensor positioned to take readings of combustions within a combustion envelope. The sensor may be positioned within a channel that passes through the burner block in communication with the interior of a furnace. The device comprises a sensor connected to an actuator. The actuator is configured to insert the sensor into a channel in a burner. The method for operating the burner comprises combusting feed, taking readings of the combustions from within the combustion envelope, and adjusting the operation of the burner based on the readings.
C22B 5/14 - Procédés généraux de réduction appliqués aux métaux par voie sèche par des gaz pour des matières fluidisées
C22B 9/05 - Affinage par traitement avec des gaz, p. ex. par décrassage par un gaz
F23C 1/12 - Appareils à combustion spécialement adaptés à la combustion de plusieurs sortes de combustibles simultanément ou alternativement, au moins un des combustibles étant fluide ou étant un combustible solide en suspension dans l’air du combustible gazeux et du combustible pulvérulent
A gate, leaf, and method for controlling water levels in a body of water. The gate comprises a moveable barrier (which may be a leaf), a restoring device such as a spring, and a profile. The barrier automatically opens or closes an amount to allow less or more water through as a result of changes in the water pressure in the upstream body of water. This helps maintain a water level in the upstream body of water. The profile disturbs the flow of water through the gate to influence the water pressure on the barrier. The profile may help provide a more linear curve for the water moment on the barrier across the range of barrier positions. A more linear curve for the water moment may help maintain equilibrium with the restoring moment across the range of barrier positions. The method comprises disturbing the flow of water over a barrier to redistribute the pressures of the water on the barrier.
A gate, leaf, and method for controlling water levels in a body of water. The gate comprises a moveable barrier (which may be a leaf), a restoring device such as a spring, and a profile. The barrier automatically opens or closes an amount to allow less or more water through as a result of changes in the water pressure in the upstream body of water. This helps maintain a water level in the upstream body of water. The profile disturbs the flow of water through the gate to influence the water pressure on the barrier. The profile may help provide a more linear curve for the water moment on the barrier across the range of barrier positions. A more linear curve for the water moment may help maintain equilibrium with the restoring moment across the range of barrier positions. The method comprises disturbing the flow of water over a barrier to redistribute the pressures of the water on the barrier.
A system and method for identifying imperfections in a reflective surface. The reflective surface may be a metal coating on a sheet such as in a galvanization process. The system comprises a laser detector. The laser detector may be part of a triangulation unit. The laser detector takes readings corresponding to the angles of travel of diffuse light of a laser off of different portions of the reflective surface. Imperfections in the surface are identified based on variance in the readings. The method comprises detecting diffuse light of a laser beam off of different portions of the reflective surface, and identifying imperfections based on variances in the angles of travel of the diffuse light detected.
G01B 11/14 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la distance ou la marge entre des objets ou des ouvertures espacés
G01N 21/88 - Recherche de la présence de criques, de défauts ou de souillures
G01N 21/95 - Recherche de la présence de criques, de défauts ou de souillures caractérisée par le matériau ou la forme de l'objet à analyser
50.
Flexible electrical connectors for electrolytic cells
A flexible electrical connector assembly is adapted to connect a bus bar of an electrolytic cell to a collector bar of the electrolytic cell. The assembly includes an electrical connector including a plurality of conductive metal sheets, the electrical connector having a collector bar end and a bus bar end. The electrical connector may be adapted for being joined, at the collector bar end, to the collector bar and, at the bus bar end, to the bus bar. The electrical connector may be adapted to implement a change in direction, at a bend along a current-carrying path between the bus bar end and the collector bar end, the bend assisting to define the change in direction as greater than 90 degrees.
A configuration of switches added to a line control circuit allows for switching back and forth between a configuration featuring a series-connected thyristor switch and reactor and a configuration featuring a parallel-connected thyristor switch and reactor. Connecting the reactor in series with the thyristor switch allows a controlled high-impedance circuit configuration that is particularly well adapted for cold furnace start-ups and furnace idling. In this manner, there is reduced need for such equipment as extra startup transformers, alternate low-voltage power supply configurations and temporary specialty electrical apparatus for cold furnace start-ups.
H02J 13/00 - Circuits pour pourvoir à l'indication à distance des conditions d'un réseau, p. ex. un enregistrement instantané des conditions d'ouverture ou de fermeture de chaque sectionneur du réseauCircuits pour pourvoir à la commande à distance des moyens de commutation dans un réseau de distribution d'énergie, p. ex. mise en ou hors circuit de consommateurs de courant par l'utilisation de signaux d'impulsion codés transmis par le réseau
C21C 5/52 - Fabrication de l'acier au four électrique
C22B 4/00 - Traitement électrothermique des minerais ou des produits métallurgiques pour obtenir des métaux ou des alliages
F27B 3/10 - Parties constitutives, accessoires ou équipement, p. ex. collecteurs de poussière, spécialement adaptés aux fours à sole
F27B 3/28 - Aménagement des dispositifs de commande, de surveillance, d'alarme ou des dispositifs similaires
H03H 11/00 - Réseaux utilisant des éléments actifs
H05B 7/20 - Chauffage direct à arc, c.-à-d. au moins une extrémité de l'arc agissant directement sur le matériau à chauffer, y compris le chauffage par résistance additionnel produit par le courant d'arc traversant le matériau à chauffer
A configuration of switches added to a line control circuit allows for switching back and forth between a configuration featuring a series-connected thyristor switch and reactor and a configuration featuring a parallel-connected thyristor switch and reactor. Connecting the reactor in series with the thyristor switch allows a controlled high-impedance circuit configuration that is particularly well adapted for cold furnace start-ups and furnace idling. In this manner, there is reduced need for such equipment as extra startup transformers, alternate low-voltage power supply configurations and temporary specialty electrical apparatus for cold furnace start-ups.
H02J 3/18 - Dispositions pour réglage, élimination ou compensation de puissance réactive dans les réseaux
H03K 17/72 - Dispositifs à semi-conducteurs bipolaires comportant au moins trois jonctions PN, p. ex. thyristors, transistors unijonction programmables, ou comportant au moins quatre électrodes, p. ex. commutateurs commandés au silicium, ou comportant deux électrodes connectées à la même région de conductivité, p. ex. transistors unijonction
A configuration of switches added to a line control circuit allows for switching back and forth between a configuration featuring a series-connected thyristor switch and reactor and a configuration featuring a parallel-connected thyristor switch and reactor. Connecting the reactor in series with the thyristor switch allows a controlled high-impedance circuit configuration that is particularly well adapted for cold furnace start-ups and furnace idling. In this manner, there is reduced need for such equipment as extra startup transformers, alternate low-voltage power supply configurations and temporary specialty electrical apparatus for cold furnace startups.
H02J 13/00 - Circuits pour pourvoir à l'indication à distance des conditions d'un réseau, p. ex. un enregistrement instantané des conditions d'ouverture ou de fermeture de chaque sectionneur du réseauCircuits pour pourvoir à la commande à distance des moyens de commutation dans un réseau de distribution d'énergie, p. ex. mise en ou hors circuit de consommateurs de courant par l'utilisation de signaux d'impulsion codés transmis par le réseau
C21C 5/52 - Fabrication de l'acier au four électrique
H05B 7/20 - Chauffage direct à arc, c.-à-d. au moins une extrémité de l'arc agissant directement sur le matériau à chauffer, y compris le chauffage par résistance additionnel produit par le courant d'arc traversant le matériau à chauffer
54.
METHODS OF MANAGING SOLVENT INVENTORY IN A GRAVITY DRAINAGE EXTRACTION CHAMBER
A method of managing a liquid solvent inventory in a condensing solvent gravity drainage extraction chamber includes growing the extraction chamber by injecting a solvent vapour under conditions which cause at least a portion of the solvent vapour to condense on a hydrocarbon extraction interface at a condensation temperature, then accumulating within the extraction chamber condensed liquid solvent which is draining through the chamber under the influence of gravity, which liquid solvent includes a hydrocarbon rich fluid production layer which is proximal to said extraction interface, and then heating a portion of the extraction chamber from a location near, in and/or above the injector to create a heated zone having a temperature above the condensation temperature without heating the hydrocarbon rich production layer to permit the hydrocarbon rich production layer to continue to drain to a production well.
An abrasion-resistant material for the working face of a metallurgical furnace cooling element such as a stave cooler or a tuyere cooler having a body comprised of a first metal. The abrasion-resistant material comprises a macro-composite material including abrasion-resistant particles which are arranged in a substantially repeating, engineered configuration infiltrated with a matrix of a second metal, the particles having a hardness greater than that of the second metal. A cooling element for a metallurgical furnace has a body comprised of the first metal, the body having a facing layer comprising the abrasion-resistant material. A method comprises: positioning the engineered configuration of abrasion-resistant particles in a mold cavity, the engineered configuration located in an area of the mold cavity to define the facing layer; and introducing molten metal into the cavity, the molten metal comprising the first metal of the cooling element body.
An electronic device, and a magnetic energy harvesting device and method of harvesting magnetic energy, for electric metallurgical furnaces and similar environments. The device comprises a conductor which is configured to become induced with electricity in response to a time-varying magnetic field. The field may be irregular, such as near a metallurgical furnace or a similar environment. The electronic device may be a transmitter in a metallurgical electric furnace. The transmitter may be connected to an environment sensor. The electronic device may be powered by the magnetic energy harvesting device. The magnetic energy harvesting device may a wire loop or a coil. The method comprises inductively harvesting energy from magnetic field fluctuations caused by a metallurgical furnace or a similar environment to wirelessly power the electronic device.
G01K 7/02 - Mesure de la température basée sur l'utilisation d'éléments électriques ou magnétiques directement sensibles à la chaleur utilisant des éléments thermo-électriques, p. ex. des thermocouples
H01M 10/42 - Procédés ou dispositions pour assurer le fonctionnement ou l'entretien des éléments secondaires ou des demi-éléments secondaires
57.
MAGNETIC ENERGY HARVESTING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR ELECTRIC METALLURGICAL FURNACES AND SIMILAR ENVIRONMENTS
An electronic device, and a magnetic energy harvesting device and method of harvesting magnetic energy, for electric metallurgical furnaces and similar environments. The device comprises a conductor which is configured to become induced with electricity in response to a time-varying magnetic field. The field may be irregular, such as near a metallurgical furnace or a similar environment. The electronic device may be a transmitter in a metallurgical electric furnace. The transmitter may be connected to an environment sensor. The electronic device may be powered by the magnetic energy harvesting device. The magnetic energy harvesting device may a wire loop or a coil. The method comprises inductively harvesting energy from magnetic field fluctuations caused by a metallurgical furnace or a similar environment to wirelessly power the electronic device.
G01K 7/02 - Mesure de la température basée sur l'utilisation d'éléments électriques ou magnétiques directement sensibles à la chaleur utilisant des éléments thermo-électriques, p. ex. des thermocouples
H01M 10/46 - Accumulateurs combinés par structure avec un appareil de charge
58.
Magnetic energy harvesting device and method for electric metallurgical furnaces and similar environments
An electronic device, and a magnetic energy harvesting device and method of harvesting magnetic energy, for electric metallurgical furnaces and similar environments. The device comprises a conductor which is configured to become induced with electricity in response to a time-varying magnetic field. The field may be irregular, such as near a metallurgical furnace or a similar environment. The electronic device may be a transmitter in a metallurgical electric furnace. The transmitter may be connected to an environment sensor. The electronic device may be powered by the magnetic energy harvesting device. The magnetic energy harvesting device may a wire loop or a coil. The method comprises inductively harvesting energy from magnetic field fluctuations caused by a metallurgical furnace or a similar environment to wirelessly power the electronic device.
H05B 7/144 - Sources de puissance spécialement adaptées pour le chauffage par décharge électriqueCommande automatique de la puissance, p. ex. en commandant la position des électrodes
H05B 7/11 - Dispositions pour amener le courant aux bornes des électrodes
H02J 50/80 - Circuits ou systèmes pour l'alimentation ou la distribution sans fil d'énergie électrique mettant en œuvre l’échange de données, concernant l’alimentation ou la distribution d’énergie électrique, entre les dispositifs de transmission et les dispositifs de réception
A modified air mixer heats mixing air to an elevated temperature using plasma heating torches retrofitted to an air mixer in a blast furnace system. The plasma heated air is mixed in the hot blast main with heated air from hot blast stoves to increase the temperature of mixed blast air prior to delivery to the blast furnace. Conveniently, the air delivered to the blast furnace can be at a temperature equal to or greater than the highest air temperature that the hot blast stoves can technically produce. The air temperature can be increased to the maximum design temperature of the hot blast air refractory system (from stove exit to tuyere discharge). The increased hot blast air temperature delivered to the blast furnace may be seen to reduce coke rate, allow increased fuel injection, increase blast furnace productivity and reduce CO2 emissions.
A system measures parameters of the electricity drawn by an arc furnace and, based on an analysis of the parameters, provides indicators of whether arc coverage has been optimized. Factors related to optimization of arc coverage include electrode position, charge level, slag level and slag behaviour. More specifically, such indicators of whether arc coverage has been optimized may be used when determining a position for the electrode such that, to an extent possible, a stable arc cavity is maintained and an open arc condition is avoided. Conveniently, by avoiding open arc conditions, the internal linings of the furnace walls and roof may be protected from excessive wear and tear.
F27D 11/08 - Chauffage par décharge électrique, p. ex. décharge d'arc
F27B 3/08 - Fours à sole, p. ex. fours à réverbérationFours à arc électrique à chauffage électrique, p. ex. fours à arc électrique, avec ou sans une autre source de chaleur
F27B 3/28 - Aménagement des dispositifs de commande, de surveillance, d'alarme ou des dispositifs similaires
F27B 5/18 - Aménagement des dispositifs de commande, de surveillance, d'alarme ou des dispositifs similaires
F27B 14/20 - Aménagement des dispositifs de commande, de surveillance, d'alarme ou des dispositifs similaires
F27D 19/00 - Aménagement des dispositifs de commande
H05B 7/10 - Fixations, supports, bornes ou dispositions pour l'avancement ou le guidage des électrodes
H05B 7/144 - Sources de puissance spécialement adaptées pour le chauffage par décharge électriqueCommande automatique de la puissance, p. ex. en commandant la position des électrodes
61.
OPEN ARC CONDITION MITIGATION BASED ON MEASUREMENT
A system measures parameters of the electricity drawn by an arc furnace and, based on an analysis of the parameters, provides indicators of whether arc coverage has been optimized. Factors related to optimization of arc coverage include electrode position, charge level, slag level and slag behaviour. More specifically, such indicators of whether arc coverage has been optimized may be used when determining a position for the electrode such that, to an extent possible, a stable arc cavity is maintained and an open arc condition is avoided. Conveniently, by avoiding open arc conditions, the internal linings of the furnace walls and roof may be protected from excessive wear and tear.
F27D 11/08 - Chauffage par décharge électrique, p. ex. décharge d'arc
F27B 14/20 - Aménagement des dispositifs de commande, de surveillance, d'alarme ou des dispositifs similaires
F27B 3/08 - Fours à sole, p. ex. fours à réverbérationFours à arc électrique à chauffage électrique, p. ex. fours à arc électrique, avec ou sans une autre source de chaleur
F27B 3/28 - Aménagement des dispositifs de commande, de surveillance, d'alarme ou des dispositifs similaires
F27B 5/18 - Aménagement des dispositifs de commande, de surveillance, d'alarme ou des dispositifs similaires
F27D 19/00 - Aménagement des dispositifs de commande
H05B 7/10 - Fixations, supports, bornes ou dispositions pour l'avancement ou le guidage des électrodes
H05B 7/144 - Sources de puissance spécialement adaptées pour le chauffage par décharge électriqueCommande automatique de la puissance, p. ex. en commandant la position des électrodes
It is proposed herein to employ thyristor firing angles as a fast prediction of flicker in power supply for an electric arc furnace. It is further proposed to actively modify operating variables for the electric arc furnace to maintain the flicker below a predefined threshold. Aspects of the present application use the thyristor firing angles in combination with control ranges of variable reactance devices to predict the flicker severity level generated by the electric arc furnace with thyristor-controlled variable reactance devices. Based on the predicted flicker level, at least one operating variable of the electric arc furnace may be changed, if required, to maintain flicker to acceptable limit.
F27B 3/28 - Aménagement des dispositifs de commande, de surveillance, d'alarme ou des dispositifs similaires
F27B 3/08 - Fours à sole, p. ex. fours à réverbérationFours à arc électrique à chauffage électrique, p. ex. fours à arc électrique, avec ou sans une autre source de chaleur
F27D 21/00 - Aménagement des dispositifs de surveillanceAménagement des dispositifs de sécurité
F27D 11/08 - Chauffage par décharge électrique, p. ex. décharge d'arc
F27D 19/00 - Aménagement des dispositifs de commande
H02J 3/18 - Dispositions pour réglage, élimination ou compensation de puissance réactive dans les réseaux
A process and reactor for arsenic fixation in which a first gas stream comprises oxygen and an iron-containing particulate material. The oxygen and particulate material may be fed to reactor through respective first and second inlets. A second gas stream containing one or more volatile arsenic compounds is fed through a third inlet and mixed with the first gas stream and the particulate material to produce a combined gas stream containing the volatile arsenic compounds and the particulate material. The arsenic compounds are reacted with iron in the particulate material as the combined gas stream flows through the reactor to produce solid iron arsenates which are then recovered. The portion of the reactor including the first, second and third inlets is vertically oriented, and the reactor may include a venturi arrangement having a throat at which the second inlet is located.
A61B 17/70 - Dispositifs de mise en position ou de stabilisation de la colonne vertébrale, p. ex. stabilisateurs comprenant un liquide de remplissage dans un implant
B01J 8/18 - Procédés chimiques ou physiques en général, conduits en présence de fluides et de particules solidesAppareillage pour de tels procédés les particules étant fluidisées
A method for determining a length parameter of an electrode during operation of an electric arc furnace. An internal duct extends through the length of the electrode and is open at its lower end. A waveguide having a solid core is received in the internal duct and comprises a material having a low dielectric constant and high temperature resistance. The solid core of the waveguide includes at least one target. An electromagnetic radiation signal is emitted from a source and transmitted through the waveguide and the signal is diffracted and/or reflected from at least one target to produce at least one return signal which is transmitted back through the waveguide. A time or frequency difference between the emitted signal and the return signal is measured and the length parameter is calculated based on this difference.
G01S 13/88 - Radar ou systèmes analogues, spécialement adaptés pour des applications spécifiques
F27D 21/00 - Aménagement des dispositifs de surveillanceAménagement des dispositifs de sécurité
F27B 3/28 - Aménagement des dispositifs de commande, de surveillance, d'alarme ou des dispositifs similaires
F27B 3/08 - Fours à sole, p. ex. fours à réverbérationFours à arc électrique à chauffage électrique, p. ex. fours à arc électrique, avec ou sans une autre source de chaleur
A method and system for optimizing a train rail system. The method comprises creating a model of the rail system in a memory, creating an objective function in the memory, and determining, using a computer, a configuration of the rail system which optimizes the objective function for the process systems model. The model may be a process systems model. The aspect being optimized may be a train schedule for the rail system. The trains may be operated in accordance with the train schedule. The system comprises a computer and a memory. The memory stores a program configured to create in the memory the model, create the objective function, and determine the configuration of the rail system, using the computer, which optimizes the objective function for the model.
B61L 27/00 - Systèmes centraux de commande du trafic ferroviaireCommande côté voieSystèmes de communication spécialement adaptés à cet effet
G06Q 10/04 - Prévision ou optimisation spécialement adaptées à des fins administratives ou de gestion, p. ex. programmation linéaire ou "problème d’optimisation des stocks"
66.
FLEXIBLE ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS FOR ELECTROLYTIC CELLS
A flexible electrical connector assembly is adapted to connect a bus bar of an electrolytic cell to a collector bar of the electrolytic cell. The assembly includes an electrical connector including a plurality of conductive metal sheets, the electrical connector having a collector bar end and a bus bar end. The electrical connector may be adapted for being joined, at the collector bar end, to the collector bar and, at the bus bar end, to the bus bar. The electrical connector may be adapted to implement a change in direction, at a bend along a current-carrying path between the bus bar end and the collector bar end, the bend assisting to define the change in direction as greater than 90 degrees. The flexible electrical connector assembly may incorporate features that allow for a substantial reduction in required depth relative to the prior art. Especially when used with potshells incorporating low-profile sidewall structural support elements, the low-profile flexible electrical connectors allow for a substantial increase in the overall production area of a cell within a fixed footprint, compared to electrolytic cells found in the prior art utilizing conventional flexible electrical connectors.
H01R 4/58 - Connexions conductrices de l'électricité entre plusieurs organes conducteurs en contact direct, c.-à-d. se touchant l'un l'autreMoyens pour réaliser ou maintenir de tels contactsConnexions conductrices de l'électricité ayant plusieurs emplacements espacés de connexion pour les conducteurs et utilisant des organes de contact pénétrant dans l'isolation caractérisées par la forme ou le matériau des organes de contact
C25C 3/08 - Construction des cellules, p. ex. fonds, parois, cathodes
C25C 3/16 - Dispositifs d'alimentation en courant électrique, p. ex. barres omnibus
H01R 4/34 - Conducteurs logés sous la tête d'une vis
H02G 11/00 - Installations de câbles ou de lignes électriques entre deux pièces en mouvement relatif
67.
FLEXIBLE ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS FOR ELECTROLYTIC CELLS
A flexible electrical connector assembly is adapted to connect a bus bar of an electrolytic cell to a collector bar of the electrolytic cell. The assembly includes an electrical connector including a plurality of conductive metal sheets, the electrical connector having a collector bar end and a bus bar end. The electrical connector may be adapted for being joined, at the collector bar end, to the collector bar and, at the bus bar end, to the bus bar. The electrical connector may be adapted to implement a change in direction, at a bend along a current-carrying path between the bus bar end and the collector bar end, the bend assisting to define the change in direction as greater than 90 degrees.
H01R 4/58 - Connexions conductrices de l'électricité entre plusieurs organes conducteurs en contact direct, c.-à-d. se touchant l'un l'autreMoyens pour réaliser ou maintenir de tels contactsConnexions conductrices de l'électricité ayant plusieurs emplacements espacés de connexion pour les conducteurs et utilisant des organes de contact pénétrant dans l'isolation caractérisées par la forme ou le matériau des organes de contact
C25C 3/08 - Construction des cellules, p. ex. fonds, parois, cathodes
C25C 3/16 - Dispositifs d'alimentation en courant électrique, p. ex. barres omnibus
H01R 4/34 - Conducteurs logés sous la tête d'une vis
H02G 11/00 - Installations de câbles ou de lignes électriques entre deux pièces en mouvement relatif
68.
Low-profile aluminum cell potshell and method for increasing the production capacity of an aluminum cell potline
An aluminum reduction cell having a shell structure with a pair of longitudinally extending sidewalls, a pair of transversely extending endwalls, a bottom wall, and an open top having an upper edge. The aluminum reduction cell also has a transverse support structure with transverse bottom beams located under the shell structure and extending transversely between the sidewalls, each of the transverse bottom beams having a pair of opposed ends. The aluminium reduction cell also has compliant binding elements fixed to the transverse support structure, each extending vertically along an outer surface of one of the sidewalls for applying an inwardly directed force said sidewall. The compliant binding elements are in the form of cantilever springs. Each spring has a metal member with a lower end which is secured to the transverse support structure, and a compliant, upper free end which is movable inwardly and outwardly in response to expansion and contraction of the shell structure.
C25B 15/02 - Commande ou régulation des opérations
C25B 9/00 - Cellules ou assemblages de cellulesÉléments de structure des cellulesAssemblages d'éléments de structure, p. ex. assemblages d'électrode-diaphragmeCaractéristiques des cellules relatives aux procédés
C25C 3/10 - Cadres ou structures de support extérieurs à la cellule
69.
METHOD FOR SOLVENT RECOVERY FROM GRAVITY DRAINAGE CHAMBER FORMED BY SOLVENT-BASED EXTRACTION AND APPARATUS TO DO THE SAME
A method and apparatus to recover the solvent that remains in a mature in situ gravity drainage chamber formed by solvent-based extraction is disclosed. The method involves transitioning from an oil production phase to a liquid solvent recovery phase by continuing to produce fluids from the chamber, even after solvent injection has stopped. Additional liquid solvent that cannot drain freely from the chamber and some solvent that is held up in the gas phase in the chamber are then recovered by drawing gas from the chamber. Chamber pressure management by injection of non-condensable gas or formation water into the chamber, as well as injecting water to improve solvent recovery from reservoirs with low initial water saturation are also comprehended. An apparatus suitable to carry out the present invention is also disclosed.
E21B 43/34 - Aménagements pour séparer les matériaux produits par le puits
E21B 43/241 - Procédés de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures utilisant la chaleur, p. ex. injection de vapeur combinés avec une exploitation au moyen de solvants de matières minérales autres que des hydrocarbures, p. ex. pyrolyse de schistes bitumineux au moyen de solvants
E21B 49/08 - Prélèvement d'échantillons de fluides ou test des fluides dans les trous de forage ou dans les puits
A system for processing a syngas stream including particulate matter, a combustible gas, and acid components is disclosed. The system includes a gasifier vessel configured to produce a raw syngas stream; a gas cooling apparatus configured to cool the raw syngas stream to produce a cooled syngas stream; an HCl and particulate removal apparatus configured to produce a reduced-HCl syngas stream; a first reheat apparatus configured to produce a first reheated syngas stream; a COS and HCN hydrolysis apparatus configured to produce a hydrolyzed syngas stream; an H2S removal apparatus configured to produce a reduced-H2S syngas stream; a second reheat apparatus configured to produce a second reheated syngas stream; an activated carbon bed apparatus configured to produce a polished syngas stream; and a compression and intercooling apparatus configured to compress and cool the polished syngas stream to produce a clean syngas stream.
An exhaust elbow includes an inlet, an outlet, a curved gas guiding duct between the inlet and the outlet, and a plurality of thermally insulated stiffeners connected to an external surface of the curved gas guiding duct, each of the stiffeners including a metallic component and thermal insulation adjacent to at least a portion of a surface of the metallic element.
B08B 17/06 - Procédés pour empêcher la salissure pour empêcher le dépôt de crasses ou de poussières en donnant aux objets susceptibles de s'encrasser une conformation ou un agencement particulier
C10L 3/00 - Combustibles gazeuxGaz naturelGaz naturel de synthèse obtenu par des procédés non prévus dans les sous-classes , Gaz de pétrole liquéfié
F16L 55/24 - Prévention de l'accumulation de résidus ou autres matières dans les tuyaux, p. ex. par purgeur, par crépine
F16L 59/22 - Dispositions spécialement adaptées aux nécessités localisées telles qu'à l'endroit des brides, des jonctions, des soupapes ou d'autres éléments similaires adaptées aux coudes
F23J 13/00 - Appareillage pour cheminées ou conduits de fumée
F27D 25/00 - Dispositifs pour enlever les incrustations
72.
IN SITU HYDROCARBON MOBILIZATION PROCESS AND SURFACE FACILITY FOR THE SAME
An in situ hydrocarbon mobilization process includes the steps of: Selecting a working solvent for a condensing in situ gravity drainage extraction process; injecting the working solvent as a liquid into a hydrocarbon bearing formation to create a gravity drainage flow path to a production well through a portion of the formation; and transitioning to in situ condensing conditions with said working solvent within said formation to create an extraction chamber above said gravity drainage flow path.
E21B 43/17 - Mise en communication de plusieurs puits par fracturation ou autre attaque de la formation
E21B 43/241 - Procédés de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures utilisant la chaleur, p. ex. injection de vapeur combinés avec une exploitation au moyen de solvants de matières minérales autres que des hydrocarbures, p. ex. pyrolyse de schistes bitumineux au moyen de solvants
E21B 43/30 - Disposition particulière des puits, p. ex. disposition rendant optimum l'espacement des puits
73.
APPARATUS CONNECTING A WATER SAMPLE BOTTLE TO AN UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) IN ORDER TO COLLECT WATER SAMPLES FROM BELOW THE SURFACE OF A WATER BODY
An apparatus to connect a multi-parameter probe or water sampling vessel to an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), or aerial drone, facilitates the safe collection of samples from various depths in any water body or storage tank. Aspects of the present invention reduce risks to humans, who would, under normal circumstances, be required to be present on the water body surface to carry out sampling. The invention also reduces sampling costs.
A method of separating a heavy hydrocarbon fraction from a mixed fluid production stream produced from an underground reservoir is shown wherein the mixed fluid production stream is produced by means of a solvent based in situ gravity drainage process, the mixed fluid production stream including at least some water, some heavy hydrocarbons including oil, some light hydrocarbons including solvent and some solids. The method includes adjusting a solvent to oil ratio of the mixed fluid stream by doing one or both of reducing the solvent content and increasing an oil content in an amount to dissolve asphaltene particles found in the mixed fluid stream and to thereby destabilize any emulsions present in said mixed fluid production stream. This promotes passive separation of a water fraction from said mixed fluid stream.
E21B 43/34 - Aménagements pour séparer les matériaux produits par le puits
E21B 43/22 - Emploi de produits chimiques ou à activité bactérienne
E21B 43/241 - Procédés de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures utilisant la chaleur, p. ex. injection de vapeur combinés avec une exploitation au moyen de solvants de matières minérales autres que des hydrocarbures, p. ex. pyrolyse de schistes bitumineux au moyen de solvants
E21B 43/38 - Aménagements pour séparer les matériaux produits par le puits dans le puits
75.
RECOVERY OF SOLVENTS FROM MIXED PRODUCTION FLUIDS AND SYSTEM FOR DOING SAME
A water separation system, including a bulk fluids separation vessel and a slop oil tank, for separating solvent from water produced from a solvent based in situ hydrocarbon extraction process. The bulk fluids separation vessel is configured to separate produced fluids into mixed water and light/heavy hydrocarbons. A first piping connection directs the light/heavy hydrocarbons to a downstream light/heavy separation stage. A second piping connection directs the mixed water downstream to a further water separation stage, which includes a skim tank. The skim tank permits the mixed water to separate into a lower density hydrocarbon rich stream and a higher density water stream. A third piping connection permits the slop oil tank to receive the lower density hydrocarbon rich stream. A fourth piping connection permits the slop oil tank to return at least a portion of the lower density hydrocarbon rich stream back to the bulk fluids separation vessel.
A hydrocarbon separation system and process to separate solvent from mixed fluids extracted from an underground formation. The separation system includes a main separation chamber, a reboiler circuit, and a multi-stage reflux circuit. The main separation chamber separates liquid inputs into bottom liquids and top vapours. The reboiler circuit separates bottom liquids received from the main separation chamber into purified solvent and a reboiler vapour fraction. The multi-stage reflux circuit receives the top vapours from the main separation chamber and separates solvent from the top vapours in two stages. The first stage separates a first reflux liquid from the top vapours, and passes the first reflux liquid to the main separation chamber. The second stage receives top vapours remaining in the first stage, separates solvent therefrom, passes the separated solvent to the main separation chamber, and exhausts any remaining vapours.
An abrasion-resistant material for the working face of a metallurgical furnace cooling element such as a stave cooler or a tuyere cooler having a body comprised of a first metal. The abrasion-resistant material comprises a macro-composite material including abrasion-resistant particles which are arranged in a substantially repeating, engineered configuration infiltrated with a matrix of a second metal, the particles having a hardness greater than that of the second metal. A cooling element for a metallurgical furnace has a body comprised of the first metal, the body having a facing layer comprising the abrasion-resistant material. A method comprises: positioning the engineered configuration of abrasion-resistant particles in a mold cavity, the engineered configuration located in an area of the mold cavity to define the facing layer; and introducing molten metal into the cavity, the molten metal comprising the first metal of the cooling element body.
F27D 1/16 - Confection ou réparation des garnissages
B01J 19/02 - Appareils caractérisés par le fait qu'ils sont construits avec des matériaux choisis pour leurs propriétés de résistance aux agents chimiques
B22D 19/14 - Coulée dans, sur, ou autour d'objets formant partie intégrante du produit final les objets ayant la forme de filaments ou de particules
A reactor comprises an outer sidewall and a bottom wall enclosing a hollow chamber comprising a lower fluidized bed zone and an upper freeboard zone. A plurality of inlets is provided for injecting at least one fluidizing medium into the fluidized bed zone and creating a swirling flow. At least one feed inlet communicates with the fluidized bed zone; and at least one product outlet is provided for removing a product from the chamber, the outlet(s) communicating with either the fluidized bed zone or the freeboard zone. The reactor has at least one internal barrier located inside the hollow chamber, and at least partly located in the fluidized bed zone. The internal barrier(s) have at least one opening within the fluidized bed zone, such as an underflow opening, to permit internal recirculation of material from the product zone to the feed zone, thereby simplifying reactor structure.
B01J 8/24 - Procédés chimiques ou physiques en général, conduits en présence de fluides et de particules solidesAppareillage pour de tels procédés les particules étant fluidisées selon la technique du "lit fluidisé"
B01J 8/20 - Procédés chimiques ou physiques en général, conduits en présence de fluides et de particules solidesAppareillage pour de tels procédés les particules étant fluidisées l'agent fluidisant étant un liquide
B01J 8/22 - Procédés chimiques ou physiques en général, conduits en présence de fluides et de particules solidesAppareillage pour de tels procédés les particules étant fluidisées l'agent fluidisant étant un liquide du gaz étant introduit dans le liquide
B01J 8/26 - Procédés chimiques ou physiques en général, conduits en présence de fluides et de particules solidesAppareillage pour de tels procédés les particules étant fluidisées selon la technique du "lit fluidisé" comportant au moins deux lits fluidisés, p. ex. installations de réaction et de régénération
B01J 8/34 - Procédés chimiques ou physiques en général, conduits en présence de fluides et de particules solidesAppareillage pour de tels procédés les particules étant fluidisées selon la technique du "lit fluidisé" le lit fluidisé comportant un matériau de remplissage fixe, p. ex. matériaux fragmentés, anneaux métalliques, chicanes
C10B 49/10 - Distillation destructive des matières carbonées solides par chauffage direct au moyen d'agents porteurs de chaleur, y compris la combustion partielle de la matière à traiter avec des gaz ou des vapeurs à haute température, p. ex. les gaz chauds obtenus par la combustion partielle de la charge avec déplacement simultané de la matière solide à traiter sous forme dispersée selon la technique du "lit fluidisé"
C10B 53/02 - Distillation destructive spécialement conçue pour des matières premières solides particulières ou sous forme spéciale de matières contenant de la cellulose
C10B 57/12 - Emploi d'additifs au cours de la cokéfaction
B01J 8/18 - Procédés chimiques ou physiques en général, conduits en présence de fluides et de particules solidesAppareillage pour de tels procédés les particules étant fluidisées
C22B 1/10 - Procédés de grillage sous forme fluidisé
F26B 3/084 - Procédés de séchage d'un matériau solide ou d'objets impliquant l'utilisation de chaleur par convection, c.-à-d. la chaleur étant transférée d'une source de chaleur au matériau ou aux objets à sécher par un gaz ou par une vapeur, p. ex. l'air le gaz ou la vapeur s'écoulant à travers le matériau ou les objets à sécher de façon à les rendre lâches, p. ex. pour former un lit fluidisé un échange de chaleur intervenant dans le lit fluidisé
A highly flexible sealing arrangement designed to seal high-temperature furnace ports, particularly the electrode port of an electric furnace. The seal comprises an annular support member fixed to a flexible sealing member and employs the use of a garter spring to uniformly apply the desired amount of seal compression. The arrangement and flexibility of the sealing member allows the seal to adapt itself to the wide range of operating and upset conditions that typically exist for a furnace electrode seal. Frictional wear on the seal may be greatly reduced as the design inherently allows for a much lower amount of seal compression to be applied, furthermore, the seal is able to move axially which can significantly reduce wear caused by electrode regulation.
F16J 3/00 - DiaphragmesSouffletsPistons à soufflets
F16J 15/08 - Joints d'étanchéité entre surfaces immobiles entre elles avec garniture solide comprimée entre les surfaces à joindre exclusivement par garniture métallique
F16J 15/02 - Joints d'étanchéité entre surfaces immobiles entre elles
F16J 15/06 - Joints d'étanchéité entre surfaces immobiles entre elles avec garniture solide comprimée entre les surfaces à joindre
F16J 15/10 - Joints d'étanchéité entre surfaces immobiles entre elles avec garniture solide comprimée entre les surfaces à joindre par garniture non métallique
H05B 7/12 - Dispositions pour refroidir, rendre étanche ou protéger les électrodes
A dry slag atomization is applied in upgrading slags. The atomized slag may be subjected to a leaching process to produce upgraded slag. In the case of titania-rich slags, conveniently, the titanium in the atomized slag has been oxidized to Ti4+, which does not dissolve in the leaching medium. In one embodiment, a method comprising receiving molten slag, atomizing the slag with material in a glass phase and material in a crystalline phase, wherein atomizing is carried out with varying gas composition to modify oxidation states and chemical make-up of the phases, thereby permitting upgrading of the slag.
It is proposed herein to employ thyristor firing angles as a fast prediction of flicker in power supply for an electric arc furnace. It is further proposed to actively modify operating variables for the electric arc furnace to maintain the flicker below a predefined threshold. Aspects of the present application use the thyristor firing angles in combination with control ranges of variable reactance devices to predict the flicker severity level generated by the electric arc furnace with thyristor-controlled variable reactance devices. Based on the predicted flicker level, at least one operating variable of the electric arc furnace may be changed, if required, to maintain flicker to acceptable limit.
F27B 3/28 - Aménagement des dispositifs de commande, de surveillance, d'alarme ou des dispositifs similaires
F27B 3/08 - Fours à sole, p. ex. fours à réverbérationFours à arc électrique à chauffage électrique, p. ex. fours à arc électrique, avec ou sans une autre source de chaleur
F27B 3/10 - Parties constitutives, accessoires ou équipement, p. ex. collecteurs de poussière, spécialement adaptés aux fours à sole
It is proposed herein to employ thyristor firing angles as a fast prediction of flicker in power supply for an electric arc furnace. It is further proposed to actively modify operating variables for the electric arc furnace to maintain the flicker below a predefined threshold. Aspects of the present application use the thyristor firing angles in combination with control ranges of variable reactance devices to predict the flicker severity level generated by the electric arc furnace with thyristor-controlled variable reactance devices. Based on the predicted flicker level, at least one operating variable of the electric arc furnace may be changed, if required, to maintain flicker to acceptable limit.
F27B 3/28 - Aménagement des dispositifs de commande, de surveillance, d'alarme ou des dispositifs similaires
F27B 3/08 - Fours à sole, p. ex. fours à réverbérationFours à arc électrique à chauffage électrique, p. ex. fours à arc électrique, avec ou sans une autre source de chaleur
F27B 3/10 - Parties constitutives, accessoires ou équipement, p. ex. collecteurs de poussière, spécialement adaptés aux fours à sole
A method for determining a length parameter of an electrode during operation of an electric arc furnace. An internal duct extends through the length of the electrode and is open at its lower end. A waveguide having a solid core is received in the internal duct and comprises a material having a low dielectric constant and high temperature resistance. The solid core of the waveguide includes at least one target. An electromagnetic radiation signal is emitted from a source and transmitted through the waveguide and the signal is diffracted and/or reflected from at least one target to produce at least one return signal which is transmitted back through the waveguide. A time or frequency difference between the emitted signal and the return signal is measured and the length parameter is calculated based on this difference.
F27B 3/08 - Fours à sole, p. ex. fours à réverbérationFours à arc électrique à chauffage électrique, p. ex. fours à arc électrique, avec ou sans une autre source de chaleur
F27D 21/00 - Aménagement des dispositifs de surveillanceAménagement des dispositifs de sécurité
A process for producing high-manganese steel uses a low cost manganese source comprising manganese oxide, such as manganese ore fines. A mixture is provided, comprising the manganese source, an iron source comprising an iron oxide, a carbon source, and a fluxing agent. Micro-pellets comprised of the mixture are prepared, and the micro-pellets are pre-reduced to reduce at least a portion of the manganese oxide and iron oxide. The pre-reduced micro-pellets are then fed into a liquid steel bath in a steelmaking furnace to produce high-manganese steel. An apparatus comprises a pelletizer for pelletizing the mixture; a reducing unit for pre- reducing at least some of the manganese and iron oxides in the pelletized mixture and producing pre-reduced micro-pellets; and an electric steelmaking furnace containing a liquid steel bath, and having an injection port in communication with the liquid steel bath for direct injection of the pre-reduced micro-pellets into the bath.
A process and reactor for arsenic fixation in which a first gas stream comprises oxygen and an iron-containing particulate material. The oxygen and particulate material may be fed to reactor through respective first and second inlets. A second gas stream containing one or more volatile arsenic compounds is fed through a third inlet and mixed with the first gas stream and the particulate material to produce a combined gas stream containing the volatile arsenic compounds and the particulate material. The arsenic compounds are reacted with iron in the particulate material as the combined gas stream flows through the reactor to produce solid iron arsenates which are then recovered. The portion of the reactor including the first, second and third inlets is vertically oriented, and the reactor may include a venturi arrangement having a throat at which the second inlet is located.
A62D 3/33 - Procédés pour rendre les substances chimiques nuisibles inoffensives ou moins nuisibles en effectuant un changement chimique dans les substances par réaction avec des agents chimiques par fixation chimique de la substance nuisible, p. ex. par chélation ou complexation
A combined cycle power generation system configuration uses a steam- injected gas turbine as a topping cycle and a turbine in a bottoming cycle with liquefied natural gas as a cold sink. The turbine operates with a low boiling point fluid. The low boiling point fluid may, for example, be carbon dioxide.
F01K 13/00 - Dispositions générales ou processus généraux de fonctionnement des installations complètes d'ensembles fonctionnels de machines à vapeur
F01K 7/16 - Ensembles fonctionnels de machines à vapeur caractérisés par l'emploi de types particuliers de machines motricesEnsembles fonctionnels ou machines motrices caractérisés par un circuit de vapeur, un cycle de fonctionnement ou des phases particuliersDispositifs de commande spécialement adaptés à ces systèmes, cycles ou phasesUtilisation de la vapeur soutirée ou de la vapeur d'évacuation pour le réchauffage de l'eau d'alimentation les machines motrices étant uniquement du type turbine
87.
Measuring apparatus for determining distances to points on a reflective surface coated with metal and method for same
A measuring apparatus, for measuring the distance to a surface having fluctuating reflectivity, the measuring apparatus comprising, a measuring light source and sensor unit positioned at an angle to the perpendicular of the surface to allow the light to be reflected to a diffuse target surface in a known position; and a processor unit, wherein the processor unit is adapted to collect and analyze data from the a measuring light source and sensor unit and classify whether the reading of the measuring light source and sensor unit is a direct reading or a reflected reading.
G01B 11/06 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la longueur, la largeur ou l'épaisseur pour mesurer l'épaisseur
G01B 11/02 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la longueur, la largeur ou l'épaisseur
C23C 2/00 - Procédés de trempage à chaud ou d'immersion pour appliquer le matériau de revêtement à l'état fondu sans modifier la forme de l'objet immergéAppareils à cet effet
88.
Furnace with refractory bricks that define cooling channels for gaseous media
A furnace is provided suitable for metallurgical processes, comprising at least one section comprised of refractory bricks with an outer shell plate adjacent to the refractory bricks, including exterior bricks whose external faces adjacent the shell plate define gaseous media cooling channels extending along the exterior of the refractory bricks between them and the shell plate. The furnace further comprises cooling plates within the cooling channels and joints between the successive courses of bricks. Advantageously, the conductivity of the cooling plates is at least 5 times the conductivity of the refractory lining into which it is inserted. Suitable materials include copper and copper-based alloys, brasses, bronzes, cast irons, aluminum alloys, silver, high-temperature steels, refractory metals and their alloys, graphite, silicon carbide, and aluminum nitride.
An aluminum electrolysis cell anode assembly has an anode, a stub and a thimble. The stub is inserted into a stub hole of the anode. The thimble is formed between the stub and the anode within the stub hole. A lateral wall of the stub has a discontinuity, which may be a recess, a protrusion or a combination thereof. An inner surface of the thimble engages the discontinuity of the stub. The engagement restricts axial movement of the thimble relative to the stub. Under thermal expansion of the anode assembly, the base of the stub is urged towards the stub hole bottom and stub-to-anode resistance is improved. This further improves efficiency of an aluminum electrolysis process.
Supplementary cooling elements in addition to a primary cooling element of a furnace. The supplementary cooling elements, with two or more components, may be inserted from the outside of the furnace into holes that pass through and the primary cooling element such that the cooling elements protrude beyond the inner surface of the primary cooling element. An inner one of the components of the supplementary cooling element may be received by an outer one of the components in a manner that forces the outer component into a thermally conductive pressure connection with the primary cooling element.
An aluminum electrolysis cell anode assembly has an anode, a stub and a thimble. The stub is inserted into a stub hole of the anode. The thimble is formed between the stub and the anode within the stub hole. A lateral wall of the stub has a discontinuity, which may be a recess, a protrusion or a combination thereof. An inner surface of the thimble engages the discontinuity of the stub. The engagement restricts axial movement of the thimble relative to the stub. Under thermal expansion of the anode assembly, the base of the stub is urged towards the stub hole bottom and stub-to-anode resistance is improved. This further improves efficiency of an aluminum electrolysis process.
An extendable sleeve system, covering the outside perimeter of a pile, may assist in prevention of the development of adfreeze bonding between frozen soil and the pile and, consequently, may assist in reduction of the adfreeze uplift load to the pile. When soil becomes frozen and heaves, the sleeve may responsively extend/stretch upward together with the adjacent soil while the pile remains its original position. Thus, the uplift load may be reduced from a direct bonding grip strength between the soil and the pile to an interface friction between the sleeve and the pile.
A method for recovering metal values from a molten slag composition includes atomizing the slag with an oxygen-containing gas in a gas atomization apparatus, to produce solid slag granules. Oxygen in the atomizing gas converts metals to magnetic metal compounds, thereby magnetizing the metal-containing slag granules. These metal-containing slag granules are then magnetically separated. Larger amounts of metals may be removed by passing the molten slag through a pre-settling pan with an adjustable base, and/or discontinuing atomization where the metal content of the slag exceeds a predetermined amount. Solid slag granules produced by atomization may be charged to a recovery unit for recovery of one or more metal by-products. An apparatus for recovering metal values from molten slag includes a gas atomization apparatus, a flow control device for controlling the flow of atomizing gas, a control system, and one or more sensors to detect metal values in the slag.
A composite sleeve system, covering a pile, serves to reduce adfreeze uplift load on the pile. The sleeve system consists of a protection casing and a rigid sleeve, covering the pile and extends below the frost depth. The sleeve material may be selected to have a low-friction outer surface, a sufficient wall thickness to resist the adfreeze force. In accordance with other aspects, a top lock may be installed above the top of the sleeve to control the upward jack-up displacement of the sleeve and the consequently potential damage to the pile cap or foundation. The casing is to protect the sleeve during installation. In service life, the casing is allowed to be jacked up by adfreeze force and is expected to be squeezed/yielded at the top lock location. The rigid sleeve is permanent and serves to minimize adfreeze force transferred to the pile.
An aluminum reduction cell, comprising: (a) a shell structure comprising a pair of longitudinally extending sidewalls, a pair of transversely extending endwalls, a bottom wall, and an open top having an upper edge; (b) a transverse support structure comprising a plurality of transverse bottom beams located under the shell structure and extending transversely between the sidewalls, each of the transverse bottom beams having a pair of opposed ends; and (c) a plurality of compliant binding elements fixed to the transverse support structure, each extending vertically along an outer surface of one of the sidewalls, for applying an inwardly directed force said sidewall; wherein the compliant binding elements are in the form of cantilever springs, each comprising a metal member having a lower end which is secured to the transverse support structure, and a compliant, upper free end which is movable inwardly and outwardly in response to expansion and contraction of the shell structure.
An aluminum reduction cell, comprising: (a) a shell structure comprising a pair of longitudinally extending sidewalls, a pair of transversely extending endwalls, a bottom wall, and an open top having an upper edge; (b) a transverse support structure comprising a plurality of transverse bottom beams located under the shell structure and extending transversely between the sidewalls, each of the transverse bottom beams having a pair of opposed ends; and (c) a plurality of compliant binding elements fixed to the transverse support structure, each extending vertically along an outer surface of one of the sidewalls, for applying an inwardly directed force said sidewall; wherein the compliant binding elements are in the form of cantilever springs, each comprising a metal member having a lower end which is secured to the transverse support structure, and a compliant, upper free end which is movable inwardly and outwardly in response to expansion and contraction of the shell structure.
A low-profile potshell includes a base structure, furnished with compliant binding elements, and a freely-moving and independent shell structure. The base structure supports the lining and bath of an aluminum cell, while the compliant binding elements accommodate the thermal and chemical dilation of the lining. The binding elements may be designed such that they apply and maintain a sufficient load on the lining, to prevent the opening of gaps in the lining elements either on start-up, or during normal dimensional changes caused by fluctuations in operating temperature. The shell structure may be designed to move freely, expanding and contracting in response to the applied loads and the dilation of the lining.
A feed charging device comprises a holding vessel having an interior chamber for holding a reserve of a solid particulate feed material in a fluidized state, wherein the feed material is held in said fluidized state in a lower zone of the interior chamber. The feed material is supplied to the interior chamber through at least one outlet opening, and is discharged from the interior chamber through at least one outlet opening. The at least one outlet opening is in flow communication with the lower zone of the interior chamber. A gas supply means supplies a fluidizing gas to the lower zone of the interior chamber, and an outlet conduit in flow communication with the at least one outlet opening receives said feed material discharged from the interior chamber.
A burner for a flash smelting furnace comprises a tubular lance enclosing a first gas flow passage and having a lower end portion which includes one or more gas outlet passages. The lower end portion has upper and lower annular sealing surfaces facing one another, with an annular nozzle portion located between the upper and lower annular sealing surfaces. The gas outlet passages are at least partly defined by the annular nozzle portion, and extend between the first gas flow passage and the outer surface of the lance. The annular nozzle portion may comprise a plurality of arcuate segments which are separable from each other and from the upper and lower sealing surfaces, such that the annular nozzle portion can be removed for service upon separation of the upper and lower annular sealing surfaces from one another.
Metallurgical processes and systems for gas atomization of molten slag and/or molten metals from a metallurgical furnace are integrated with off-gas handling processes and equipment, such that the off-gases are fed to the gas atomization plant for atomizing the molten slag and/or molten metal. The use of by-product off-gases for atomizing molten slag and/or molten metals provides a number of benefits, including elimination of off-gas handling and treatment equipment, centralization and upgrading of heat via atomization to improve heat recovery, prevention of oxidation of granular products of atomization, and reduction of CO2 emissions. A process for preparing a granular product comprises: feeding a molten material and a by-product off- gas to a dispersion apparatus; and contacting the gas with the molten material in the dispersion apparatus, whereby the molten material is dispersed and solidified by contact with the gas to form the granular product.
B01J 2/04 - Procédés ou dispositifs pour la granulation de substances, en généralTraitement de matériaux particulaires leur permettant de s'écouler librement, en général, p. ex. en les rendant hydrophobes par division du produit liquide en gouttelettes, p. ex. par pulvérisation, et solidification des gouttelettes en milieu gazeux
